Papers Published

1. CW Woods, C McRill, BD Plikaytis, NE Rosenstein, D Mosley, D Boyd, B England, BA Perkins, NM Ampel, RA Hajjeh, Coccidioidomycosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons in Arizona, 1994-1997: incidence, risk factors, and prevention., The Journal of infectious diseases, vol. 181 no. 4 (April, 2000), pp. 1428-34, ISSN 0022-1899 [doi]
   (last updated on 2013/05/16)

   Abstract:
   From 1 January 1995 through 31 June 1997, 153 cases of coccidioidomycosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons were identified in Arizona (incidence, 41/1000 persons living with AIDS). A case-control study was conducted to evaluate risk factors for coccidioidomycosis in HIV-infected persons. A case was defined as laboratory-confirmed, incident coccidioidomycosis in a person infected with HIV for > or =3 months, and each case patient had 3 control patients matched by county, age group, sex, HIV/AIDS status, and CD4 lymphocyte count. Multivariable analysis identified black race and a history of oropharyngeal or esophageal candidiasis to be associated with increased risk of coccidioidomycosis; protease inhibitor therapy was associated with a reduced risk. In persons with previous history of oropharyngeal or esophageal candidiasis, having received an azole drug was associated with a reduced risk (odds ratio, 0.4; 95% confidence interval, 0.2-0.9; P=.04). Physicians may need to consider azole chemoprophylaxis for HIV-infected persons who live in areas of endemicity, have CD4 cell counts <200/microL, are black, or have a history of thrush.

   Keywords:
   AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections • Adult • African Continental Ancestry Group • Arizona • CD4 Lymphocyte Count • Candidiasis, Oral • Case-Control Studies • Coccidioidomycosis • Databases, Factual • Esophageal Diseases • Female • Humans • Incidence • Male • Middle Aged • Multivariate Analysis • Oropharynx • Retrospective Studies • Risk Factors • Socioeconomic Factors • complications • epidemiology • epidemiology* • immunology • microbiology • prevention & control