Publications [#53019] of Daniel O. Schmitt
Papers Published
- NJ Stevens, DO Schmitt, TM Cole, LK Chan, Technical note: out-of-plane angular correction based on a trigonometric function for use in two-dimensional kinematic studies.,
Am J Phys Anthropol, United States, vol. 129 no. 3
(March, 2006),
pp. 399-402
(last updated on 2007/01/09)Abstract:
In two-dimensional (2D) kinematic studies, limb positions in three-dimensional (3D) space observed in lateral view are projected onto a 2D film plane. Elbow and knee-joint angles that are less than 20 degrees out-of-plane of lateral-view cameras generally exhibit very little measurable difference from their 3D counterparts (Plagenhoef 1979 Environment, Behavior, and Morphology; New York: Gustav Fisher, p. 95-118). However, when limb segment angles are more than 20 degrees out-of-plane, as is often the case in locomotor studies of arboreal primates, elbow and knee angles can appear significantly more extended than they actually are. For this reason, a methodology is described that corrects 2D out-of-plane angular estimates using a series of trigonometric transformations.