Publications [#199745] of Christina M. Gibson-Davis

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Journal Articles

  1. Jiang, M, Foster, E.M., and Gibson-Davis, C.M.. "Breastfeeding and child cognitive." Maternal and Child Health Journal. 15 (2011): 1296-1307. [s10995-010-0677-5#page-1]
    (last updated on 2013/10/17)

    Abstract:
    Objective: To determine the effect of breastfeeding initiation and duration on child long-term development outcomes. Methods: 3,271 children and their mothers participating in Child Development Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics provide data for these analyses. Main outcomes include Woodcock Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery-Revised (WJ-R) test score (letter word, passage comprehension, applied problem, and broad reading), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) test score, Behavior Problem Index (BPI) (total, internalizing, and externalizing), Body Mass Index (BMI), and mother-rated child’s health status at 2002 survey. Controlled variables include family, maternal, and child characteristics, many of which can be traced back to the year the child was born. The analytic technique is the propensity score matching with multiple imputations. Results: After using propensity scores to adjust for confounding factors, breastfeeding initiation showed only modest effects. Breastfeeding duration showed a non-linear effect on those outcomes. Conclusions: The effects of breastfeeding on child’s long term development outcomes are modest and non-linear.

Christina M. Gibson-Davis