Publications of Lynn Smith-Lovin
%% Books
@book{fds376169,
Author = {Moskovitz, C and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Writing in Sociology: A Brief Guide},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Deans, T and Poe, M},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9780190203924},
Abstract = {Writing in Sociology: A Brief Guide shows students how to
write research reports, literature reviews, internship
reports, and other genres often assigned in sociology
classes with extensive real-world examples and attention to
principles of audience, purpose, genre, and credibility. It
is part of a series of brief, discipline-specific writing
guides from Oxford University Press designed for today's
writing-intensive college courses. The series is edited by
Thomas Deans (University of Connecticut) and Mya Poe
(Northeastern University).},
Key = {fds376169}
}
@book{fds257496,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L and Heise, DR},
Title = {Analyzing social interaction: Advances in affect control
theory},
Pages = {1-192},
Publisher = {Gordon and Breach},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9781315025773},
Abstract = {First Published in 1988. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor &
Francis, an informa company.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315025773},
Key = {fds257496}
}
@book{fds343360,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L and Heise, D},
Title = {Editors' Preface},
Pages = {v-viii},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9781315025773},
Key = {fds343360}
}
@book{fds318988,
Author = {Wisecup, AK and McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Recognition of Gender Identity and Task Performance},
Volume = {22},
Pages = {177-201},
Publisher = {Emerald (MCB UP )},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780762312238},
Abstract = {Gender constitutes one of the fundamental distinctions that
organize social interaction. It is a salient social
distinction in all societies, is a core personal identity
for social actors, and is often used to generate
expectations for competence in task-focused mixed-sex
groups. In this chapter, we explore the effect of
androgynous (gender ambiguous) appearance on task
performance of observers. We demonstrate that it takes
longer for research participants to define the gender
identity of such individuals. More importantly, we
hypothesize that since androgynous individuals do not fit
easily into gender schemas that people use to access
information about interaction partners, the presence of an
androgynous-looking person will slow performance on a
cognitive task. An experimental study supports both
hypotheses. We conclude with suggestions about how the
presence of non-stereotypical interaction partners with
ambiguous identities might influence group members' task
performance, cognitive inferences about and affective
responses to other group members. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0882-6145(05)22007-6},
Key = {fds318988}
}
%% Articles and Chapters
@article{fds376112,
Author = {Quinn, JM and Freeland, RE and Maloney, EK and Rogers, KB and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Meaning Change in U.S. Occupational Identities during the
COVID-19 Pandemic: Was It Temporary or Durable?},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic altered social and economic life in
the United States, displacing many people from their typical
relationship to the institution of work. Our research uses
affect control theory’s measurement structure to examine
how cultural meanings for occupational identities shifted
during the pandemic on the dimensions of evaluation
(good-bad), potency (powerful-powerless), and activity
(lively-inactive). Quinn et al. found that most occupations
were seen as less good and powerful in the early stages of
the pandemic than they were shortly before it began, with
greater evaluation loss for nonessential occupations and
greater potency loss for occupations classified as essential
by state executive orders. We add a third wave to these data
to reassess meanings after the pandemic eased and vaccines
were developed. We use linear mixed modeling to estimate
meaning changes across all three waves and to explore
whether these changes differed for essential versus
nonessential occupations. We find that evaluation and
potency ratings of occupations rebounded over the longer
term—a pattern that fits a control model of stable
cultural meaning. Our results contribute to discussions in
cultural sociology about beliefs and their
stability.},
Doi = {10.1177/01902725241228529},
Key = {fds376112}
}
@article{fds361388,
Author = {Kroska, A and Powell, B and Rogers, KB and Smith-Lovin,
L},
Title = {Affect Control Theories: A Double Special Issue in Honor of
David R. Heise},
Journal = {American Behavioral Scientist},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-11},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We introduce this two-part special issue that celebrates
David Heise and his pathbreaking theories: affect control
theory (ACT), affect control theory of the self (ACTS), and
affect control theory of institutions (ACTI). These
interlocking, multi-level, mathematically based theories
explain a range of social processes, including impression
formation, social interaction, trait and mood attributions,
emotional experiences, emotion management, and identity
adoption, and they do so in multiple languages and cultures.
The 15 articles in this two-part issue test, apply, and
develop the theories in new and innovative ways. After
briefly summarizing each theory and Bayesian affect control
theory (BayesACT), we highlight the key findings from each
of the articles that follow.},
Doi = {10.1177/00027642211066044},
Key = {fds361388}
}
@article{fds362447,
Author = {Quinn, JM and Freeland, RE and Rogers, KB and Hoey, J and Smith-Lovin,
L},
Title = {How Cultural Meanings of Occupations in the U.S. Changed
During the Covid-19 Pandemic.},
Journal = {The American behavioral scientist},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {125-147},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Social research highlights the stability of cultural
beliefs, broadly arguing that population-level changes are
uncommon and mostly explained by cohort replacement rather
than individual-level change. We find evidence suggesting
that cultural change may also occur rapidly in response to
an economically and socially transformative period. Using
data collected just before and after the outbreak of
Covid-19 in the U.S., we explore whether cultural beliefs
about essential and non-essential occupations are dynamic in
the face of an exogenous social and economic shock. Using a
sample of respondents whose characteristics match the U.S.
Census on sex, age, and race/ethnicity, we fielded surveys
measuring cultural beliefs about 85 essential and
non-essential occupations using the evaluation, potency, and
activity (EPA) dimensions from the Affect Control Theory
paradigm. We expected that EPA ratings of essential work
identities would increase due to positive media coverage of
essential occupations as indispensable and often selfless
roles in the pandemic, while EPA ratings of non-essential
identities would decline. Our findings show patterns that
are both clear and inconsistent with our predictions. For
both essential and non-essential occupations, almost all
statistically significant changes in mean evaluation and
potency were negative; activity showed relatively little
change. Changes in evaluation scores were more negative for
non-essential occupations than essential occupations.
Results suggest that pervasive and persistent exogenous
events are worth investigating as potential sources of
episodic cultural belief change.},
Doi = {10.1177/00027642211066041},
Key = {fds362447}
}
@article{fds370719,
Author = {Maloney, EK and Rogers, KB and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Status as Deference: Cultural Meaning as a Source of
Occupational Behavior},
Journal = {RSF},
Volume = {8},
Number = {7},
Pages = {70-88},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Status is an independent basis of inequality. Cultural
meanings create the voluntary esteem and deference that
distinguish status inequities from inequalities in power and
material resources, as Cecilia Ridgeway and Hazel Markus
explain in the introduction to this issue. Here, we use
affect control theory (ACT)—a formal theory of culture,
identity, and social action—to explore how cultural
meanings of occupational identities shape status behavior.
ACT assumes that people try to maintain cultural meanings
for identities and behaviors on three affective dimensions
(evaluation, potency and activity) as they interact with
others. We use ACT to define how actors in different status
groups—occupations with similar patterns of deference to
and from other occupations—act toward one another. We
validate our theoretical behavioral predictions with
vignette survey data.},
Doi = {10.7758/RSF.2022.8.7.04},
Key = {fds370719}
}
@article{fds362988,
Author = {Kroska, A and Heise, DR and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Introduction of Neil J. MacKinnon, 2021 Cooley-Mead Award
Recipient},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {85},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-5},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
Doi = {10.1177/01902725221085332},
Key = {fds362988}
}
@article{fds359622,
Author = {Maloney, E and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {The emotional implications of occupational deference
structures},
Journal = {Advances in Group Processes},
Volume = {38},
Pages = {1-21},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Purpose: We examine how one’s occupational class affects
emotional experience. To do this, we look at both general
affective outcomes (job satisfaction, respect at work, and
life happiness) and the experience of specific positive
emotions (overjoyed, proud, and excited) during the week.
Methodology/Approach: Using affect control theory
simulations, we find the characteristic emotions of four
occupational classes, derived from Maloney’s (2020) block
model analysis: everyday specialists, service-to-society
occupations, the disagreeably powerful, and the actively
revered. Using these characteristic emotions, we make
predictions about how likely it is that individuals in these
occupational classes will report workplace affective
experiences: job satisfaction and respect at work, and
broader affective experience: general happiness in the prior
year. Lastly, we generate and test predictions about
everyday emotional experience of positive emotions.
Findings: We find mixed results for our hypotheses. In
general, our predictions regarding the actively revered as
the highest status block in Maloney (2020) are supported for
general happiness, job satisfaction, and daily emotional
experience. However, we find higher probabilities of
happiness and job satisfaction for the disagreeably
powerful, a lower evaluation but higher power block, than
were expected. Research Limitations: The current analysis
uses only 268 occupations out of the 650 occupational titles
in the US Census three-digit occupational codes. An analysis
that includes the entire occupational structure would be
more definitive. Additionally, it would be preferable to
have emotion-dependent variables that were specifically tied
to work, rather than broader emotional experience, to have a
cleaner test of our hypotheses about occupational
identities. Practical and Social Implications: Prior
research has shown how the emotional experiences associated
with different identity labels can explain mental health
outcomes, workplace anger, and broader patterns of
inequality (Foy, Freeland, Miles, Rogers, & Smith-Lovin,
2014; Kroska & Harkness, 2008, 2016; Lively & Powell, 2016).
Understanding how occupational class elicits certain types
of emotions in everyday interactions may help scholars
explain differences in health and overall life satisfaction
across occupations that are not explained by material
resource differentiation.},
Doi = {10.1108/S0882-614520210000038001},
Key = {fds359622}
}
@article{fds376166,
Author = {McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L and Rawlings, C},
Title = {The Enormous Flock of Homophily Researchers: Assessing and
Promoting a Research Agenda},
Pages = {459-470},
Booktitle = {PERSONAL NETWORKS},
Year = {2021},
ISBN = {978-1-108-81391-4},
Key = {fds376166}
}
@article{fds351246,
Author = {Robinson, DT and Smith-Lovin, L and Zhao, J},
Title = {The role of the other: How interaction partners influence
identity maintenance in four cultures},
Pages = {213-237},
Booktitle = {Identity and Symbolic Interaction: Deepening Foundations,
Building Bridges},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9783030412302},
Abstract = {Since its inception, identity theory has emphasized the
crucial role of relationships with others in shaping social
behavior. Sheldon Stryker's original formulation of identity
theory gave a central role to social networks in determining
structural commitment to identities. Research in the
identity theory tradition explicitly considers interactional
partners as occupants of counter-roles and as sources of
reflected appraisals. Implicitly, identity theory research
also considers the identities and actions of others as
environmental input into the identity verification process.
Affect control theory offers a somewhat more elaborated
specification of the influence of interaction partners in
the identity control process. Others serve both as a source
of impression-change in social situations, and as a resource
for identity maintenance as the objects of new actions.
Recent cross-cultural work in the affect control theory
tradition points to important cultural variations in that
influence of the other in identity maintenance. In high
context cultures like Egypt and Morocco, for example, the
identity and actions of one's interaction partner play an
even larger role in shaping one's identity-situated behavior
than in low context cultures like the United States. In this
chapter, we present a series of simulations that illustrate
the impact of interaction partners on identity maintenance
in the United States, China, Egypt, and Morocco.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-41231-9_8},
Key = {fds351246}
}
@article{fds364282,
Author = {Cannon, BC and Robinson, DT and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {How Do We “Do Gender”? Permeation as Over-talking and
Talking Over},
Journal = {Socius},
Volume = {5},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Gendered expectations are imported from the larger culture
to permeate small-group discussions, creating conversational
inequalities. Conversational roles also emerge from the
negotiated order of group interactions to reflect,
reinforce, and occasionally challenge these cultural
patterns. The authors provide a new examination of
conversational overlaps and interruptions. They show how
negotiated conversational roles lead a status distinction
(gender) to shape conversational inequality. The authors use
a mixed-effects logit model to analyze turn taking as it
unfolds in task-group discussions, focusing on how previous
behavior shapes current interaction. They then use these
conversational roles to examine how locally produced
interaction orders mediate the relationship between gender
and interruptions. The authors find a more complex process
than previous research has revealed. Gender influences the
history of being interrupted early in an interaction, which
changes the ongoing behavioral patterns to create a
cumulative conversational disadvantage. The authors then
discuss the implications of these group dynamics for
interventions.},
Doi = {10.1177/2378023119849347},
Key = {fds364282}
}
@article{fds343729,
Author = {Wingfield, AH and Hordge-Freeman, E and Smith-Lovin,
L},
Title = {Does the job matter? Diversity officers and racialized
stress},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {197-215},
Booktitle = {Research in the Sociology of Work},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Research indicates that work in predominantly white
professional settings generates stress for minority
professionals. However, certain occupations may enable or
constrain these race-related stressors. In this paper, we
use affect control theory to examine the identity dynamics
present in professions that explicitly require workers to
highlight racial issues. We might expect that occupations
that require attention to racial inequalities could produce
heightened stress for these workers. However, our research
on diversity officers indicates that the opportunity to
advocate for disadvantaged groups and address racial bias
explicitly creates emotions of satisfaction and fulfillment,
and removes some of the common pressures to manage negative
emotions that arise as a result of cross-race interactions.
Importantly, these emotions are achieved when minority
diversity workers perceive institutional supports that
buttress their work. Thus, our findings offer a more nuanced
assessment of the ways professionals of color engage in
various types of emotional performance, and emphasize the
importance of both occupational role and institutional
support.},
Doi = {10.1108/S0277-283320180000032013},
Key = {fds343729}
}
@article{fds376167,
Author = {Robinson, DT and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {AFFECT CONTROL THEORIES OF SOCIAL INTERACTION AND
SELF},
Pages = {139-165},
Booktitle = {CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES, 2
EDITION},
Year = {2018},
ISBN = {978-1-5036-0365-3},
Key = {fds376167}
}
@article{fds376168,
Author = {Kriegel, DJ and Abdul-Mageed, M and Clark, JK and Freeland, RE and Heise, DR and Robinson, DT and Rogers, KB and Smith-Lovin,
L},
Title = {A Multilevel Investigation of Arabic-Language Impression
Change},
Journal = {International Journal of Sociology},
Volume = {47},
Number = {4},
Pages = {278-295},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
Doi = {10.1080/00207659.2017.1372102},
Key = {fds376168}
}
@article{fds343362,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Affect control theory: An assessment},
Pages = {171-192},
Booktitle = {Analyzing Social Interaction: Advances in Affect Control
Theory},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9781315025773},
Abstract = {This paper reviews affect control theory's major strengths,
the contributions of recent work to its growth, and the most
promising avenues for future work. Affect control theory's
strengths include (1) the precision of its mathematical
statement and empirical base (especially when compared with
earlier interpretive sociologies), (2) its ability to link
the internal processing that generates social action to the
socio-cultural system upon which that action is based, and
(3) the generality that allows a parsimonious explanation of
a wide range of processes and previous research findings.
Recent advances provide (1) new, more accurate
impression-change formulas, (2) the expansion of the theory
to encompass settings, emotions, and traits, (3) new
dictionaries of evaluation, potency and acitivity meanings
and (4) tests o f the theory using likelihood judgments,
verbal scenarios and actual behavior of naive experimental
subjects. Further work must include links to cognitive
structures that will further delineate definition of
situation and behavior selection processes. In addition,
integration of affect control theory with new sociological
work on the development of shared social knowledge and on
institutionalized production systems expand the theory in
useful ways. Finally, new work must find innovative and
convincing ways to test simulation outcomes using both
verbal accounts and behavior.},
Key = {fds343362}
}
@article{fds343359,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Impressions from events},
Pages = {35-70},
Booktitle = {Analyzing Social Interaction: Advances in Affect Control
Theory},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9781315025773},
Abstract = {A large study of event stimuli developed new equations for
describing how people react to events. Exploratory work
found several new interaction terms affecting the impression
formation process. To demonstrate the generality of the
impression formation process across subject populations and
study procedures, the results from the current study were
compared to four others: two earlier studies on U.S. college
undergraduates, a study of Belfast, Northern Ireland, high
school students, and an Arabic study of well-educated
Egyptians and Lebanese. Striking similarities in evaluation
dynamics appeared in all studies. All English-speakers had
similar potency and activity dynamics, while the Arabic
study showed subtantial differences in the processing of
these dimensions.},
Key = {fds343359}
}
@article{fds343361,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {The affective control of events within settings},
Pages = {71-102},
Booktitle = {Analyzing Social Interaction: Advances in Affect Control
Theory},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9781315025773},
Abstract = {This paper develops an affect control model of how behavior
changes as actors move from setting to setting. After a
review o f other theoretical approaches to the problem, the
affective meanings of settings are examined. Then,
impression change equations are developed to assess how
sentiments toward actors, behaviors and object-persons are
affected by the setting in which interaction occurs. The
tempo or characteristic activity level of a behavior setting
appears to have the most impact on impression formation.
Settings that are lively and fast-paced lead social actors
and behaviors to be evaluated more favorably and make them
seem more expressive. Actors also seem more admirable when
they match their activity level to that of the setting. The
current data provide the first effort to understand changes
in impressions about settings themselves. Generally, the
most important factor influencing how people feel about a
setting after an event is the act that is committed there.
Places are defiled by violent, aggressive behaviors, but
seem nicer when conciliatory, inquisitive acts have
occurred. Finally, the usual affect control theory
assumption - that people act to minimize affective
deflections - is employed along with the new
impression-change formulas to analyze some interactions in
which people might alter their behavior because of their
location.},
Key = {fds343361}
}
@article{fds318979,
Author = {Myers, DJ and Lipscomb, HJ and Epling, C and Hunt, D and Richardson, W and Smith-Lovin, L and Dement, JM},
Title = {Surgical Team Stability and Risk of Sharps-Related Blood and
Body Fluid Exposures During Surgical Procedures.},
Journal = {Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol},
Volume = {37},
Number = {5},
Pages = {512-518},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To explore whether surgical teams with greater
stability among their members (ie, members have worked
together more in the past) experience lower rates of
sharps-related percutaneous blood and body fluid exposures
(BBFE) during surgical procedures. DESIGN: A 10-year
retrospective cohort study. SETTING: A single large academic
teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Surgical teams
participating in surgical procedures (n=333,073) performed
during 2001-2010 and 2,113 reported percutaneous BBFE were
analyzed. METHODS: A social network measure (referred to as
the team stability index) was used to quantify the extent to
which surgical team members worked together in the previous
6 months. Poisson regression was used to examine the effect
of team stability on the risk of BBFE while controlling for
procedure characteristics and accounting for procedure
duration. Separate regression models were generated for
percutaneous BBFE involving suture needles and those
involving other surgical devices. RESULTS The team stability
index was associated with the risk of percutaneous BBFE
(adjusted rate ratio, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.88-0.97]). However,
the association was stronger for percutaneous BBFE involving
devices other than suture needles (adjusted rate ratio, 0.92
[95% CI, 0.85-0.99]) than for exposures involving suture
needles (0.96 [0.88-1.04]). CONCLUSIONS: Greater team
stability may reduce the risk of percutaneous BBFE during
surgical procedures, particularly for exposures involving
devices other than suture needles. Additional research
should be conducted on the basis of primary data gathered
specifically to measure qualities of relationships among
surgical team personnel.},
Doi = {10.1017/ice.2016.12},
Key = {fds318979}
}
@article{fds318980,
Author = {Clay-Warner, J and Robinson, DT and Smith-Lovin, L and Rogers, KB and James, KR},
Title = {Justice Standard Determines Emotional Responses to
Over-Reward},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {79},
Number = {1},
Pages = {44-67},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {How do people feel when they benefit from an unfair reward
distribution? Equity theory predicts negative emotion in
response to over-reward, but sociological research using
referential standards of justice drawn from status-value
theory repeatedly finds positive emotional responses to
over-reward. Researchers have proposed methodological
explanations for these different findings, but we propose a
theoretical explanation—that over-reward based on local
comparisons with an interaction partner creates guilt and
other negative emotions, while over-reward relative to an
abstract justice standard leads to more positive emotion. We
describe two experiments that address methodological
explanations for the status value findings: (1) lack of
tangible rewards and (2) lack of sufficiently large
over-rewards. We find that people who are over-rewarded
relative to their referential expectations still report less
negative emotion and more positive emotion than those who
receive expected rewards. We report results from a third
experiment that demonstrate support for our theoretical
argument.},
Doi = {10.1177/0190272516628299},
Key = {fds318980}
}
@article{fds321468,
Author = {Myers, DJ and Lipscomb, HJ and Epling, C and Hunt, D and Richardson, W and Smith-Lovin, L and Dement, JM},
Title = {Surgical Procedure Characteristics and Risk of
Sharps-Related Blood and Body Fluid Exposure.},
Journal = {Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {80-87},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE To use a unique multicomponent administrative data
set assembled at a large academic teaching hospital to
examine the risk of percutaneous blood and body fluid (BBF)
exposures occurring in operating rooms. DESIGN A 10-year
retrospective cohort design. SETTING A single large academic
teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS All surgical procedures
(n=333,073) performed in 2001-2010 as well as 2,113 reported
BBF exposures were analyzed. METHODS Crude exposure rates
were calculated; Poisson regression was used to analyze risk
factors and account for procedure duration. BBF exposures
involving suture needles were examined separately from those
involving other device types to examine possible differences
in risk factors. RESULTS The overall rate of reported BBF
exposures was 6.3 per 1,000 surgical procedures (2.9 per
1,000 surgical hours). BBF exposure rates increased with
estimated patient blood loss (17.7 exposures per 1,000
procedures with 501-1,000 cc blood loss and 26.4 exposures
per 1,000 procedures with >1,000 cc blood loss), number of
personnel working in the surgical field during the procedure
(34.4 exposures per 1,000 procedures having ≥15 personnel
ever in the field), and procedure duration (14.3 exposures
per 1,000 procedures lasting 4 to <6 hours, 27.1 exposures
per 1,000 procedures lasting ≥6 hours). Regression results
showed associations were generally stronger for suture
needle-related exposures. CONCLUSIONS Results largely
support other studies found in the literature. However,
additional research should investigate differences in risk
factors for BBF exposures associated with suture needles and
those associated with all other device types. Infect.
Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;37(1):80-87.},
Doi = {10.1017/ice.2015.233},
Key = {fds321468}
}
@article{fds362448,
Author = {Weed, EA and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Theory in Sociology of Emotions},
Pages = {411-433},
Booktitle = {Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In this chapter, we selectively review the contributions of
three traditions to sociology of emotions – dramaturgy,
symbolic interactionism, and group processes. In summarizing
the key contributions of these literatures, we highlight
possible areas for theory development and integration across
the three traditions. Drawing on recent studies of the
relationships between emotion and differences in social
position, we focus on status and power as common ground.
After reviewing the contributions to sociology of emotion by
the emotion management, identity theory, affect control
theory, social exchange theory, and justice/equity theory
literatures, we address the lack of clarity and shared
language across traditions as critical obstacles to theory
development in the sociology of emotions.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-32250-6_20},
Key = {fds362448}
}
@article{fds318981,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L and Thoits, PA},
Title = {Introduction to the special section on the sociology of
emotions},
Journal = {Emotion Review},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {187-188},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Doi = {10.1177/1754073914524325},
Key = {fds318981}
}
@article{fds318982,
Author = {Smith, JA and McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Social Distance in the United States: Sex, Race, Religion,
Age, and Education Homophily among Confidants, 1985 to
2004},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {79},
Number = {3},
Pages = {432-456},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Homophily, the tendency for similar actors to be connected
at a higher rate than dissimilar actors, is a pervasive
social fact. In this article, we examine changes over a
20-year period in two types of homophily-the actual level of
contact between people in different social categories and
the level of contact relative to chance. We use data from
the 1985 and 2004 General Social Surveys to ask whether the
strengths of five social distinctions-sex, race/ethnicity,
religious affiliation, age, and education-changed over the
past two decades in core discussion networks. Changes in the
actual level of homophily are driven by the demographic
composition of the United States. As the nation has become
more diverse, cross-category contacts in race/ethnicity and
religion have increased. After describing the raw homophily
rates, we develop a case-control model to assess homophily
relative to chance mixing. We find decreasing rates of
homophily for gender but stability for race and age,
although the young are increasingly isolated from older
cohorts outside of the family. We also find some weak
evidence for increasing educational and religious homophily.
These relational trends may be explained by changes in
demographic heterogeneity, institutional segregation,
economic inequality, and symbolic boundaries. © American
Sociological Association 2014.},
Doi = {10.1177/0003122414531776},
Key = {fds318982}
}
@article{fds362449,
Author = {Foy, S and Freeland, R and Miles, A and Rogers, KB and Smith-Lovin,
L},
Title = {Emotions and Affect as Source, Outcome and Resistance to
Inequality},
Pages = {295-324},
Booktitle = {Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {While sociologists usually focus on the material aspects of
inequality, its emotional outcomes are one of the reasons we
care about it. People who occupy the lower positions in
unequal social structures experience negative, impotent, and
unengaged feelings that depress their quality of life. This
chapter explores how affective meanings, transmitted by
cultural systems and individual interactional experiences,
help to create and re-create patterns of inequality. We
first explore how affective meanings translate cultural
sentiments into local interactions, creating inequality as
it is experienced in everyday life. Self-identities and
emotional responses of the stigmatized often reinforce these
cultural responses, leading the disadvantaged to
self-destructive responses. After discussing how affect and
emotion create inequality, we discuss the related topic of
how people experience structural emotions as a result of
occupying a disadvantaged social position. We document the
stress of not being able to verify valued identities or
control life circumstances. Finally, we discuss the ways in
which emotions can motivate people to resist inequality, by
forming coalitions through affective commitments, by
recognizing solidarity with other like-minded people in
social movements, and by forming subcultures where affective
meanings can generate positive structural
emotions.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-94-017-9002-4_13},
Key = {fds362449}
}
@article{fds318983,
Author = {Reynolds, WN and Salter, WJ and Farber, RM and Corley, C and Dowling,
CP and Beeman, WO and Smith-Lovin, L and Choi, JN},
Title = {Sociolect-based community detection},
Journal = {IEEE ISI 2013 - 2013 IEEE International Conference on
Intelligence and Security Informatics: Big Data, Emergent
Threats, and Decision-Making in Security
Informatics},
Pages = {221-226},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Editor = {Glass, K and Colbaugh, R and Sanfilippo, A and Kao, A and Gabbay, M and Corley, C and Li, J and Khan, L and Wynne, A and Coote, L and Mao, W and Zeng,
D and Yaghoobi, A},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9781467362115},
Abstract = {'Sociolects' are specialized vocabularies used by social
subgroups defined by common interests or origins. We applied
methods to retrieve large quantities of Twitter data based
on expert-identified sociolects and then applied and
developed network-analysis methods to relate sociolect use
to network (sub-) structure. We show that novel methods
including consideration of node populations, as well as edge
counts, provide substantially enhanced performance compared
to standard assortativity. We explain these methods, show
their utility in analyzing large corpora of social media
data, and d iscuss their further extensions and potential
applications. © 2013 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/ISI.2013.6578823},
Key = {fds318983}
}
@article{fds257453,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Foy, S and Freeland, R and Miles, A and Rogers,
KB},
Title = {"Emotion and affect in the social psychology of
inequality."},
Booktitle = {Social Psychology of Inequality},
Publisher = {Springer},
Editor = {Lawler, E and McLeod, J and Schwalbe, M},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds257453}
}
@article{fds257494,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Smith, JA and McPherson, M},
Title = {"Social distance in the United States: Homophily on Race,
Sex, Age, Education and Religion, 1985-2004"},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds257494}
}
@article{fds257495,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Thoits, P},
Title = {"Culture, social structure and emotion in the sociology of
emotion"},
Journal = {Emotion Review},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds257495}
}
@article{fds318985,
Author = {Rogers, KB and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Action, Interaction, and Groups},
Pages = {119-138},
Booktitle = {The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Sociology},
Publisher = {JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {9781444330397},
Doi = {10.1002/9781444347388.ch7},
Key = {fds318985}
}
@article{fds318984,
Author = {Rogers, KB and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Answering the call for a sociological perspective on the
multilevel social construction of emotion: A Comment on
Boiger and Mesquita},
Journal = {Emotion Review},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {232-233},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Boiger and Mesquita (2012) present a social constructionist
perspective on emotion that argues for its multilevel
contextualization through social interactions,
relationships, and culture. The present comments offer a
response to the authors' call for input from other
disciplines. We provide a sociological perspective on
emotion construction at each of the contextual levels
discussed by Boiger and Mesquita, and discuss a model that
can address interdependencies between these levels. Our
remarks are intended to identify additional literature that
can be brought to bear on multilevel emotion construction
and to put forward some ideas for future research on the
subject. © 2012 The Author(s).},
Doi = {10.1177/1754073912439779},
Key = {fds318984}
}
@article{fds257493,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Rogers, KB},
Title = {"Answering the call for a sociological contribution to a
multilevel social construction of emotion"},
Journal = {Emotion Review},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1-20},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {1754-0739},
Key = {fds257493}
}
@article{fds257506,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Winkielman, P},
Title = {The social psychologies of emotion: A bridge that is not too
far},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {73},
Number = {4},
Pages = {327-332},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0190-2725},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000285504300007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1177/0190272510389003},
Key = {fds257506}
}
@article{fds257492,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Owens, TJ and Robinson, DT},
Title = {"The Many Faces of Identity"},
Journal = {Annual Review of Sociology},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {477-499},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2010},
Abstract = {We review three traditions in research on identity. The
first two traditions, which stress (a) the internalization
of social positions and their meanings as part of the self
structure and (b) the impact of cultural meanings and social
situations on actors' identities, are closely intertwined.
The third, the burgeoning literature on collective identity,
has developed quite independently of the first two and
focuses more on group-level processes. Unlike previous
reviews of identity, which have focused on the sources of
internalized identity (e.g., role relationship, group
membership, or category descriptor), we focus here on the
theoretical mechanisms underlying theories of identity. We
organize our review by highlighting whether those mechanisms
are located in the individual's self-structure, in the
situation, or in the larger sociopolitical context. We
especially attempt to draw connections between the social
psychological literature on identity processes and the
distinct, relatively independent literature on collective
identity. © 2010 by Annual Reviews. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.soc.34.040507.134725},
Key = {fds257492}
}
@article{fds257511,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L and Brashears,
ME},
Title = {Models and marginals: Using survey evidence to study social
networks},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {74},
Number = {4},
Pages = {670-681},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0003-1224},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000268541800009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Fischer (2009) argues that our estimates of confidant
network size in the 2004 General Social Survey (GSS), and
therefore the trend in confidant network size from 1985 to
2004, are implausible because they are (1) inconsistent with
other data and (2) contain internal anomalies that call the
data into question. In this note, we assess the evidence for
a decrease in confidant network size from 1985 to 2004 in
the GSS data. We conclude that any plausible modeling of the
data shows a decided trend downward in confidant network
size from 1985 to 2004. The features that Fischer calls
anomalies are exactly the characteristics described by our
models (Table 5) in the original article.},
Doi = {10.1177/000312240907400409},
Key = {fds257511}
}
@article{fds257515,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Mark, NP and Smith-Lovin, L and Ridgeway, CL},
Title = {Why do nominal characteristics acquire status value? A
minimal explanation for status construction.},
Journal = {AJS; American journal of sociology},
Volume = {115},
Number = {3},
Pages = {832-862},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-9602},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20503743},
Abstract = {Why do beliefs that attach different amounts of status to
different categories of people become consensually held by
the members of a society? We show that two microlevel
mechanisms, in combination, imply a system-level tendency
toward consensual status beliefs about a nominal
characteristic. (1) Status belief diffusion: a person who
has no status belief about a characteristic can acquire a
status belief about that characteristic from interacting
with one or more people who have that status belief. (2)
Status belief loss: a person who has a status belief about a
characteristic can lose that belief from interacting with
one or more people who have the opposite status belief.
These mechanisms imply that opposite status beliefs will
tend to be lost at equal rates and will tend to be acquired
at rates proportional to their prevalence. Therefore, if a
status belief ever becomes more prevalent than its opposite,
it will increase in prevalence until every person holds
it.},
Doi = {10.1086/606142},
Key = {fds257515}
}
@article{fds318986,
Author = {McPherson, M and Brashears, ME and Smith-Lovin,
L},
Title = {Erratum: Social isolation in America: Changes in core
discussion networks over two decades (American Sociological
Review (2006) vol. 71 (353-375))},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {73},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1022},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
Doi = {10.1177/000312240807300610},
Key = {fds318986}
}
@article{fds318987,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Commentary},
Pages = {13-19},
Booktitle = {Social Structure and Emotion},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780123740953},
Abstract = {Social structural positions, cultural meanings of those
positions, and interactional situations that evoke them,
influence the personal experience of emotion. This chapter
highlights the interactional imbeddedness of emotional
experience and attempts to describe the structural
patterning of the interactional environment. A commentary is
made on the position of status and power in the sociology of
emotions. Status and power are the core of the sociological
study of emotion. These relational features affect emotional
responses that lead individuals to support or change social
structures. Encounters that occur in dyadic relationships or
small groups evoke emotions that depend on the groups'
status and power structures. Actors experience emotions that
are typical of their structural positions. Those emotions
vary when there is loss or gain in status or power. Even the
most structured of interactions evokes emotional responses
that complicate and enrich group processes. Emotions are
also involved in maintaining social order when people occupy
different positions within the stratification
system.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-374095-3.00001-X},
Key = {fds318987}
}
@article{fds257450,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Smith, JA and McPherson, M},
Title = {"Social Isolation"},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Human Relationships},
Editor = {Reis, H and Sprecher, S},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds257450}
}
@article{fds257451,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {"To thine own self be true? Social structural sources of
self, situated identity and emotion."},
Booktitle = {Within the Social World: Essays in Social
Psychology},
Publisher = {Allyn & Bacon/Longman},
Editor = {Chin, J and Cardell, J},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds257451}
}
@article{fds257452,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {"Status, power and emotion: Commentary"},
Pages = {13-20},
Booktitle = {Social Structure and Emotion},
Publisher = {Academic Press},
Editor = {Clay-Warner, J and Robinson, DT},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds257452}
}
@article{fds257491,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and McPherson, M and Brashears,
M},
Title = {"Loosening the ties that bind"},
Journal = {Contexts},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds257491}
}
@article{fds303991,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L and Brody, CJ},
Title = {Interruptions in Group Discussions: The Effects of Gender
and Group Composition.},
Booktitle = {Interviewing II},
Publisher = {Sage},
Editor = {Fielding, N},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-1-4129-2867-0},
Key = {fds303991}
}
@article{fds257497,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Do we need a public sociology?: It depends on what you mean
by sociology},
Pages = {124-134},
Booktitle = {Public Sociology: Fifteen Eminent Sociologists Debate
Politics and the Profession in the Twenty-first
Century},
Publisher = {University of California Press},
Editor = {Dan Clawson and Robert Zussman and Joya Mizra and Naomi Gerstel and Randall Stokes and Douglas L. Anderton and Michael
Burawoy},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds257497}
}
@article{fds51595,
Title = {" The strength of weak identities: Social structural sources
of self, situated identity and emotional
experience"},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds51595}
}
@article{fds257507,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {The strength of weak identities: Social structural sources
of self, situation and emotional experience},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {106-124},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0190-2725},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000247524600002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Modern societies are highly differentiated, with relatively
uncorrected socially salient dimensions and a preponderance
of weak, unidimensional (as opposed to strong, multiplex)
ties. What are the implications of a society with fewer
strong ties and more weak ties for the self? What do these
changes mean for our emotional experience in everyday life?
I outline a structural view of self, situated identity, and
emotion. It is an ecological theory in which interpersonal
encounters are the link between the macro-level community
structure and the micro-level experience of self-conception,
identity performance, and emotion. In this ecology of
encounters, multiple-identity enactments (especially of
salient self-identities) are quite rare. But where they
occur, they are important indicators of potential social
change.},
Doi = {10.1177/019027250707000203},
Key = {fds257507}
}
@article{fds257508,
Author = {McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L and Brashears,
ME},
Title = {Social isolation in America: Changes in core discussion
networks over two decades},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {353-375},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-1224},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000238812900001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Have the core discussion networks of Americans changed in
the past two decades? In 1985, the General Social Survey
(GSS) collected the first nationally representative data on
the confidants with whom Americans discuss important
matters. In the 2004 GSS the authors replicated those
questions to assess social change in core network
structures. Discussion networks are smaller in 2004 than in
1985. The number of people saying there is no one with whom
they discuss important matters nearly tripled. The mean
network size decreases by about a third (one confidant),
from 2.94 in 1985 to 2.08 in 2004. The modal respondent now
reports having no confidant; the modal respondent in 1985
had three confidants. Both kin and non-kin confidants were
lost in the past two decades, but the greater decrease of
non-kin ties leads to more confidant networks centered on
spouses and parents, with fewer contacts through voluntary
associations and neighborhoods. Most people have densely
interconnected confidants similar to them. Some changes
reflect the changing demographics of the U.S. population.
Educational heterogeneity of social ties has decreased,
racial heterogeneity has increased. The data may
overestimate the number of social isolates, but these
shrinking networks reflect an important social change in
America.},
Doi = {10.1177/000312240607100301},
Key = {fds257508}
}
@article{fds257446,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Robinson, DT},
Title = {"Control Theories of Identity, Action and
Emotion."},
Pages = {163-188},
Booktitle = {Purpose, Meaning and Action: Control Systems Theories in
Sociology},
Publisher = {Palgrave MacMillan},
Editor = {McClelland, KA and Fararo, TJ},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds257446}
}
@article{fds257447,
Author = {Wisecup, A and Robinson, DT and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {"Sociology of Emotions"},
Pages = {106-115},
Booktitle = {Handbook of 21st Century Sociology},
Publisher = {Sage Publications},
Editor = {Peck, DL and Bryant, CD},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds257447}
}
@article{fds257448,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Robinson, DT and Wisecup, A},
Title = {"Affect Control Theory"},
Pages = {179-202},
Booktitle = {Handbook of the Sociology of Emotions},
Publisher = {Springer},
Editor = {Stets, JE and Turner, JH},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds257448}
}
@article{fds257449,
Author = {McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Social Networks},
Booktitle = {Youth Activism: An International Encyclopedia},
Publisher = {Westport, CT: Greenwood Press},
Editor = {Sherrod, LR},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds257449}
}
@inbook{fds257490,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Robinson, DT},
Title = {"Affect Control Theory"},
Pages = {137-64},
Booktitle = {Contemporary Social Psychological Theories},
Publisher = {Stanford CA: Stanford University Press},
Editor = {Burke, PJ},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds257490}
}
@article{fds257445,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {“Affect Control Theory.”},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Social Theory},
Publisher = {Sage},
Editor = {Ritzer, G},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds257445}
}
@article{fds257510,
Author = {Smith Lovin and L},
Title = {Introduction of Karen S. Cook: Recipient of the 2004
Cooley-Mead Award},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {68},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-3},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0190-2725},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000229515200001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1177/019027250506800101},
Key = {fds257510}
}
@article{fds257420,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Foreword},
Volume = {21},
Pages = {263-264},
Booktitle = {The Sociology of Emotions},
Publisher = {Stanford University Press},
Editor = {Turner, JH and Stets, JE},
Year = {2005},
Doi = {10.1080/11663081.2011.9736665},
Key = {fds257420}
}
@article{fds257489,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Wisecup, A and McPherson, M},
Title = {"Gender Identity Recognition and Task Performance"},
Journal = {Advances in Group Processes: Social Identification in
Groups},
Volume = {22},
Pages = {177-201},
Publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
Editor = {Thye, S and Lawler, E},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds257489}
}
@article{fds257502,
Author = {Robinson, DT and Rogalin, CL and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES OF THEORETICAL CONCEPTS: SOME IDEAS
FOR LINKING DEFLECTION AND EMOTION TO PHYSICAL RESPONSES
DURING INTERACTION},
Journal = {Advances in Group Processes},
Volume = {21},
Pages = {77-115},
Publisher = {Emerald (MCB UP )},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0882-6145},
Abstract = {After a vigorous debate in the late 1970s, the sociology of
emotion put aside most discussion of whether or not the
physiological arousal associated with emotion labels is
differentiated. Since this early period, scholars have made
great progress on two fronts. First, theories about the
interrelationship of identity, action and emotion have
specified a family of new concepts related to emotion.
Second, a large corpus of research on the physiological
correlates of emotional experience emerged. In this chapter,
we review the well-developed control theories of identity
and emotion, and focus on the key concepts that might relate
to different physiological states. We then review the
general classes of physiological measures, discussing their
reliability, intrusiveness and other features that might
determine their usefulness for tracking responses to social
interaction. We then offer a highly provisional mapping of
physiological measures onto the concepts that they might
potentially measure, given past research about how these
physiological processes relate to environmental stimuli.
While any linkage between concepts and measures must be
speculative at this point, we hope that this review will
serve as a stimulus to theoretically guided research that
begins to assess the validity of these new measures for
sociological use. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0882-6145(04)21004-9},
Key = {fds257502}
}
@article{fds257504,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Self, Identity, and Interaction in an Ecology of
Identities},
Pages = {167-178},
Booktitle = {Advances in Identity Theory and Research},
Publisher = {Springer US},
Editor = {Burke, Peter J. and Owens, Tim J. and Thoits, Peggy A and Serpe,
Richard},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Summer},
ISBN = {9780306477416},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000189476200012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1007/978-1-4419-9188-1_12},
Key = {fds257504}
}
@article{fds257444,
Author = {Okamoto, DG and Rashotte, L and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Measuring interruptions: Structural versus contextual
approaches},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {65},
Number = {1},
Pages = {38-55},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
Doi = {10.2307/3090167},
Key = {fds257444}
}
@article{fds257501,
Author = {McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Cohesion and membership duration: Linking groups, relations
and individuals in an ecology of affiliation},
Journal = {Advances in Group Processes},
Volume = {19},
Pages = {1-36},
Publisher = {Emerald (MCB UP )},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0882-6145},
Abstract = {The study of group cohesion has a rich but confused history.
Cohesion was originally a group-level concept, referring to
the degree to which a group tends to maintain a stable,
committed membership over time. As a largely psychological
literature developed, however, an increasing focus on
interpersonal attraction translated into the
individual-level study of liking and interdependence. Recent
advances in both psychology (Hogg, 1992) and sociology
(Lawler & Yoon, 1996) usefully reassert the central role of
social structure in determining a group's cohesiveness. We
argue, however, that current approaches have enriched our
understanding of intraindividual processing at the expense
of the sociological understanding of the coevolution of
groups and their members' networks within a larger community
structure. We review the literature on this ecology of
affiliation to draw inferences about both group cohesiveness
and members' attachment to the group. Then we extend a
theoretical simulation of these ecological processes to show
how system-level properties of communities can influence
group cohesion. © 2002.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0882-6145(02)19002-3},
Key = {fds257501}
}
@article{fds340306,
Author = {Okamoto, DG and Rashotfe, LS and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Measuring interruption: Syntactic and contextual methods of
coding conversation},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {65},
Number = {1},
Pages = {38-55},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In this paper we focus on a long-standing debate surrounding
the measurement of interruptions in conversational behavior.
This debate has implications for conversational analysts
interested in turn-taking structures, researchers interested
in close relationships who interpret them as an exercise of
power, and group processes researchers studying
status-organizing structures. We explore two different
measurements of interruptions: (1) a syntactic measurement
that operationalizes an interruption as simultaneous talk
initiated more than two syllables from the end of a current
speaker's sentence, and (2) a more contextual measurement
that takes into account situational factors such as the
current speaker's intentions and the content of what both
speakers say when judging whether a speech act is an
interruption. We coded transcripts from 86 task group
discussions using West and Zimmerman's (1983) syntactic
criteria and Murray's (1985) context-sensitive method for
identifying interruptions. Factor analyses found a
one-factor solution, an indication that both measurements
capture the same underlying construct. Confirmatory factor
analyses identified more subtle variations, however,
suggesting that gender and subcultural differences affect
how coders construe interruptions.},
Doi = {10.2307/3090167},
Key = {fds340306}
}
@article{fds257443,
Author = {Robinson, D and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Getting a Laugh: A Look at Humor in Task Group
Discussions},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {80},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-58},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds257443}
}
@article{fds3728,
Author = {Dina Okamoto},
Title = {“Changing the Subject: Gender, Status and the Dynamics of
Topic Transitions”},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {66},
Pages = {852-73},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds3728}
}
@article{fds257442,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {“Role-identities, action and emotion: parallel processing
and the production of mixed emotions”},
Journal = {Self and Identity: Personal, Social, and
Symbolic},
Pages = {125-144},
Publisher = {New York: Erlbaum},
Editor = {Kashima, Y and Foddy, M and Platow, M},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds257442}
}
@article{fds257488,
Author = {Tsoudis, O and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Defining the Situation: Emotional Display and Construals
about Crime},
Journal = {Sociological Spectrum},
Volume = {21},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds257488}
}
@article{fds257505,
Author = {Okamoto, DG and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Changing the subject: Gender, status, and the dynamics of
topic change},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {66},
Number = {6},
Pages = {852-873},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-1224},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000173290300004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Social scientists have devoted a great deal of attention to
how much people talk, but have paid little attention to what
they talk about. Research in the tradition of conversation
analysis suggests that transitions between topics of
conversation are accomplished in a systematic, structured
way, and that social status can affect whose topics are
developed and whose are lost. The authors use insights from
conversation analysis to develop a systematic coding system
for identifying topic shifts in task-oriented discussions.
Hypotheses from the literature on group processes predict
who will suggest topic changes in a task-oriented group and
whose topics will be lost. Event history methods model the
dynamics of topic change in two data sets: a study of
six-person laboratory task groups and a replication study of
dyads. Topic changes in these task-oriented discussions are
more sensitive to status structures that develop within the
conversation than to a relatively weak status characteristic
like gender. Some of the sequential mechanisms that
conversation analysts have studied in the context of less
structured, more wide ranging talk may be generalizable to
this more constrained conversational environment.},
Doi = {10.2307/3088876},
Key = {fds257505}
}
@article{fds257513,
Author = {McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L and Cook, JM},
Title = {Birds of a feather: Homophily in social networks},
Journal = {Annual Review of Sociology},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {415-444},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0360-0572},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000170748100017&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Similarity breeds connection. This principle - the homophily
principle - structures network ties of every type, including
marriage, friendship, work, advice, support, information
transfer, exchange, comembership, and other types of
relationship. The result is that people's personal networks
are homogeneous with regard to many sociodemographic,
behavioral, and intrapersonal characteristics. Homophily
limits people's social worlds in a way that has powerful
implications for the information they receive, the attitudes
they form, and the interactions they experience. Homophily
in race and ethnicity creates the strongest divides in our
personal environments, with age, religion, education,
occupation, and gender following in roughly that order.
Geographic propinquity, families, organizations, and
isomorphic positions in social systems all create contexts
in which homophilous relations form. Ties between nonsimilar
individuals also dissolve at a higher rate, which sets the
stage for the formation of niches (localized positions)
within social space. We argue for more research on: (a) the
basic ecological processes that link organizations,
associations, cultural communities, social movements, and
many other social forms; (b) the impact of multiplex ties on
the patterns of homophily; and (c) the dynamics of network
change over time through which networks and other social
entities co-evolve. Copyright © 2001 by Annual Reviews. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.415},
Key = {fds257513}
}
@article{fds318989,
Author = {Robinson, DT and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Getting a laugh: Gender, status, and humor in task
discussions},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {80},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-158},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Humor is a quintessentially social phenomenon, since every
joke requires both a teller and an audience. Here we ask how
humor operates in task-oriented group discussions. We use
theories about the functions of humor to generate hypotheses
about who jokes, when and in what situations. Then we use
event history techniques to analyze humor attempts and
successes in six-person groups. Our results combine to
suggest an image of joking as a status-related activity,
with men, high participators, frequent interrupters, and
those who are frequently interrupted all showing
status-related patterns of humor use. We find substantial
time dependence in humor use, in which humor may serve to
form a status hierarchy early in a group's development and
to dissipate task-related tension later in the discussion.
We use these results, in conjunction with core insights on
status and emotion from the group processes literature, to
develop a new theory of humor use in task-oriented groups.
The new theory generates predictions about the content of
humor episodes, which we examine with additional data from
our group discussions. Consistent with the theory, we find
that a higher proportion of men's humor is differentiating,
while a higher proportion of women's humor is
cohesion-building. We find the same general pattern with our
other status variable, participation. © 2001 University of
North Carolina Press.},
Doi = {10.1353/sof.2001.0085},
Key = {fds318989}
}
@article{fds318990,
Author = {Tsoudis, O and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Criminal identity: The key to situational construals in mock
criminal court cases},
Journal = {Sociological Spectrum},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-31},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {A number of researchers have explored legal decision making,
attempting to predict factors that influence sentencing. For
example, Dunning (1986) focused on one major factor, the
decision maker’s construal of the crime. Dunning’s
research demonstrated the importance of construals (filling
in of information) in sentencing decisions; however, he was
unable to identify what predicts these construals. Here we
apply affect control theory to predict construals. Study 1
focuses on mock jurors’ sentencing of a guilty offender;
it tests hypotheses generated from affect control theory
that link emotion displays to construals through inferences
about the criminal’s identity. Path analyses demonstrate
that construals can be explained by inferences about the
criminal’s identity. Study 2 introduces concrete
information about prior record. Results suggest that
identity inferences still remain important in forming
construals when prior record information is available. These
studies provide more evidence for the importance of social
perceptions in legal decision making. © 2001 Taylor &
Francis.},
Doi = {10.1080/02732170120383},
Key = {fds318990}
}
@article{fds376170,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L and Molm, LD},
Title = {Introduction to the millennium special issue on the state of
sociological social psychology},
Journal = {SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY},
Volume = {63},
Number = {4},
Pages = {281-283},
Publisher = {AMER SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOC},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds376170}
}
@article{fds4336,
Title = {“Simplicity, uncertainty and the power of generative
theories.”},
Journal = {Contemporary Sociology},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {300-5},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds4336}
}
@article{fds257509,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Simplicity, uncertainty, and the power of generative
theories},
Journal = {Contemporary Sociology},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {300-306},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0094-3061},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000086601300004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2654384},
Key = {fds257509}
}
@article{fds257441,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {“Social psychology.”},
Booktitle = {Blackwell Companion to Sociology},
Publisher = {Malden, Mass.: Blackwell},
Editor = {Blau, J},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds257441}
}
@article{fds257439,
Author = {Ridgeway, C and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Interaction in the gender system: Theory and
research},
Journal = {Annual Review of Sociology},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Pages = {191-216},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The gender system includes processes that both define males
and females as different in socially significant ways and
justify inequality on the basis of that difference. Gender
is different from other forms of social inequality in that
men and women interact extensively within families and
households and in other role relations. This high rate of
contact between men and women raises important questions
about how interaction creates experiences that confirm, or
potentially could undermine, the beliefs about gender
difference and inequality that underlie the gender system.
Any theory of gender difference and inequality must
accommodate three basic findings from research on
interaction, (a). People perceive gender differences to be
pervasive in interaction, (b). Studies of interaction among
peers with equal power and status show few gender
differences in behavior, (c). Most interactions between men
and women occur in the structural context of roles or status
relationships that are unequal. These status and power
differences create very real interaction effects, which are
often confounded with gender. Beliefs about gender
difference combine with structurally unequal relationships
to perpetuate status beliefs, leading men and women to
recreate the gender system in everyday interaction. Only
peer interactions that are not driven by cultural beliefs
about the general competence of men and women or
interactions in which women are status- or power-advantaged
over men are likely to undermine the gender system.
Copyright © 1999 by Annual Reviews. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.191},
Key = {fds257439}
}
@article{fds257440,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {“Sociology of emotions.”},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Human Emotions},
Publisher = {New York: Macmillan.},
Editor = {Levinson, D and Ponzetti, J and Jorgensen, P},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds257440}
}
@article{fds257503,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Core concepts and common ground: The relational basis of our
discipline},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {78},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-23},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0037-7732},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000083433400001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The core of sociology is the key thing that we share as
sociologists - the basic way of viewing social life that
makes us distinctive as a discipline. This core is the
content that we have to communicate to a larger public.
largue that the disciplinary form that best develops a core
is a structure in which there are a high density of positive
network ties within the discipline, relatively weak
subdivisions within the discipline, and a lower density of
ties linking us to outside institutions. I use structural
and social psychological theory to talk about the
interactional dynamics that weaken this optimal disciplinary
structure. The hope is that these theoretical insights will
help us deal productively with some of the major social
changes that are occurring within our field. I end with
eight theoretically derived propositions to guide our
behavior toward these ends. © The University of North
Carolina Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/sf/78.1.1},
Key = {fds257503}
}
@article{fds257512,
Author = {Robinson, DT and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Emotion display as a strategy for identity
negotiation},
Journal = {Motivation and Emotion},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {73-104},
Publisher = {KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0146-7239},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000083047300002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Affect control theory provides a formal model of emotions,
behavior, and identity shifts during social interaction.
According to the theory, emotions provide information about
both the identity of an emoting actor and how well current
social events are confirming that identity. Actors can avoid
or mitigate identity damage resulting from inappropriate
behaviors by displaying certain emotions (e.g. remorse).
Alternately, actors can expose their identities to social
damage by displaying inappropriate affect while behaving
otherwise normatively. Here we present experimental tests of
eight hypotheses based on affect control-based simulations.
We find that (1) display of emotions that are affectively
congruent with behaviors can reduce damage to identity from
harmful behaviors; (2) display of evaluatively incongruent
emotions can actually contribute to a spoiled identity, even
in the context of socially positive behaviors; and (3)
emotions that are evaluatively congruent with behaviors make
actors seem more powerful. Respondents feel that they
understand and like actors more when they display normative,
affectively congruent emotions. These results are
complicated somewhat by responses to the emotion of anger.
One hypothesis - that low potency emotions will make actors
seem more powerful - is not confirmed. We interpret these
results and suggest avenues for future research.},
Doi = {10.1023/a:1021325011770},
Key = {fds257512}
}
@article{fds257438,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L and Ridgeway, C},
Title = {Gender and interaction},
Pages = {247-274},
Booktitle = {Handbook on the Sociology of Gender},
Publisher = {Plenum},
Editor = {Chafetz, JS},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds257438}
}
@article{fds257435,
Author = {McPherson, JM and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {A Comparative Ecology of Five Nations},
Pages = {85-110},
Booktitle = {Ecological Models of Organizations},
Publisher = {Ballinger},
Editor = {Carroll, GR},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds257435}
}
@article{fds257436,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {“Emotion Management as Emotional Labor.”},
Booktitle = {Required Reading: Sociology’s Most Influential
Books},
Publisher = {Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press},
Editor = {Clawson, D},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds257436}
}
@article{fds257437,
Author = {Tsoudis, O and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {How Bad Was It? Identity and Emotion Display in Mock Jury
Deliberations},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {77},
Number = {2},
Pages = {695-722},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1998},
Abstract = {Affect control theory is a general model of how emotions,
identities and actions are related in social interaction. In
this study, we used affect control theory to predict how the
emotions displayed by a perpetrator and a victim during
their criminal trial statements influence a juror's
judgments about their identities. We then asked how these
identity judgments about the perpetrator and victim affect
the recommended sentence for the perpetrator. An experiment
used undergraduates' reactions in a mock jury setting to
test the theory's predictions. Maximum likelihood structural
equation models show the influence of both criminal and
victim emotion displays in affecting identity inferences
about the participants in the crime scene. These identity
inferences, as well as inferences about the severity of the
criminal behavior itself, determine the sentence recommended
for the perpetrator, supporting affect control
theory.},
Doi = {10.1093/sf/77.2.695},
Key = {fds257437}
}
@article{fds257433,
Author = {Ibarra, H and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Alternative Routes: A Social Network Perspective on Gender
and Careers},
Pages = {359-84},
Booktitle = {Creating Tomorrow’s Organizations},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Editor = {Cooper, C and Jackson, S},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds257433}
}
@article{fds257434,
Author = {Rashotte, LS},
Title = {“Who Benefits from Being Bold: The Interactive Effects of
Task Cues and Status Characteristics on Influence in Mock
Jury Groups”},
Journal = {Advances in Group Processes},
Volume = {14},
Publisher = {JAI Press.},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds257434}
}
@article{fds257468,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Review- Symbolic Interactionism as Affect Control (SUNY,
1994) by Neil MacKinnon},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {75},
Pages = {1489-91},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds257468}
}
@article{fds257500,
Author = {Munch, A and McPherson, M},
Title = {“Gender, Children and Social Contact: The Effects of
Childrearing for Men and Women”},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {62},
Number = {4},
Pages = {509-520},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1997},
Abstract = {We investigate the impact of childrearing on men's and
women's social networks, using a probability sample of
residents of 10 Great Plains towns. Data support the
hypotheses that social network size, contact volume, and
composition vary with the age of the youngest child in a
family. Childrearing reduces women's network size and
contact volume, while it alters the composition of men's
networks. Effects are most pronounced when the youngest
child is around three years old. These results suggest the
possibility that sex differences in structural location (in
the sense of embeddedness in social networks) explain sex
differences in outcomes over the life course. The
gender-specific effects of this life stage may accrue
because childrearing places men and women in separate social
worlds; childbearing and childrearing thus may be a crucial
phase in the process by which gender differences are created
and maintained.},
Doi = {10.2307/2657423},
Key = {fds257500}
}
@article{fds257499,
Author = {Ridgeway, CL and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Gender and Social Interaction},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {59},
Number = {3},
Pages = {173-175},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0190-2725},
Key = {fds257499}
}
@article{fds257432,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {"The Sociology of Affect and Emotion."},
Pages = {118-48},
Booktitle = {Sociological Perspectives on Social Psychology},
Publisher = {Boston: Allyn and Bacon},
Editor = {Cook, K and Fine, G and House, J},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds257432}
}
@article{fds257467,
Author = {Lewis, ROM and Haviland, JM},
Title = {Handbook of Emotions (New York: Guilford,
1993)},
Journal = {Contemporary Sociology},
Volume = {24},
Pages = {298-300},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds257467}
}
@article{fds257487,
Author = {Mayhew, B and McPherson, M and Rotolo, T},
Title = {"Sex and Race Heterogeneity in Face-to-Face
Groups"},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {74},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-52},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1995},
Abstract = {We generate a number of hypotheses about face-to-face groups
using the energy distribution principle: the frequency of an
event is inversely related to the amount of energy expended
in that event. The principle predicts that (1) the size of
groups will be inversely related to the frequency of their
occurrence; (2) at any group size, the composition of social
positions will be less heterogeneous than chance; and, (3)
as group size increases, observed compositional homogeneity
will decline at a slower rate than chance. We test these
hypotheses using data on more than 100, 000 naturally
occurring, public, face-to-face groups gathered in sampling
sweeps through two communities over a three-year period. The
data support the hypotheses and yield interesting
differences in the strength of sex and race heterogeneity.
We discuss the findings as they relate to the general energy
distribution principle and to other sociological
perspectives. © 1995 The University of North Carolina
Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/sf/74.1.15},
Key = {fds257487}
}
@article{fds257485,
Author = {Robinson, DT and Tsoudis, O},
Title = {"Heinous Crime or Unfortunate Accident: Emotion Displays and
Reactions to Vignettes of Criminal Confessions"},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {73},
Number = {1},
Pages = {175-90},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1994},
Abstract = {Affect control theory provides a rigorous, testable model of
emotion. We use simulations based on this theory to develop
predictions about the impact of emotion displays on identity
attributions and subsequent sentencing recommendations in
the context of criminal confessions. We then test these
predictions with an experimental study using vignettes of
criminal confessions. Students responded to mock criminal
confessions by drivers responsible for vehicular
manslaughter who either appeared to be remorseful or showed
no signs of remorse. Path analyses supported the predictions
that displays of remorse have an indirect effect on severity
of sentence recommendation through impact on identity
assessment. © 1994 The University of North Carolina
Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/sf/73.1.175},
Key = {fds257485}
}
@article{fds257486,
Author = {Ridgeway, C},
Title = {"Structure, Culture and Interaction: A Comparison of Affect
Control Theory and Expectations States Theory"},
Journal = {Advances in Group Processes},
Volume = {11},
Publisher = {JAI Press},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds257486}
}
@article{fds376171,
Author = {SMITH-LOVIN, L},
Title = {Can Emotionality and Rationality be Reconciled?},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {283-293},
Year = {1993},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Economists invoke emotions narrowly to solve commitment
problems; sociologists view emotions as a more pervasive
basic feature of social life. A complete approach to
integrating emotionality and choice requires attention to
the interactional sources of emotions and examination of the
role that emotions play in directing attention to different
domains of comparison and choice. Systematic analysis of the
situational determinants of emotional response will allow us
to see how both interaction structures and emotional
responses are selected by the social environment.},
Key = {fds376171}
}
@article{fds340138,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Can Emotionality and Rationality be Reconciled?: A Comment
on Collins, Frank, Hirshleifer, and Jasso},
Journal = {Rationality and Society},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {283-293},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Economists invoke emotions narrowly to solve commitment
problems; sociologists view emotions as a more pervasive
basic feature of social life. A complete approach to
integrating emotionality and choice requires attention to
the interactional sources of emotions and examination of the
role that emotions play in directing attention to different
domains of comparison and choice. Systematic analysis of the
situational determinants of emotional response will allow us
to see how both interaction structures and emotional
responses are selected by the social environment. © 1993,
SAGE Periodicals Press. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/1043463193005002008},
Key = {fds340138}
}
@article{fds257416,
Author = {McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Some Disintegrating Thoughts on Structure and Agency: Reply
to Molm},
Series = {Aldine},
Booktitle = {Theory on Gender/Feminism on Theory},
Publisher = {Aldine},
Editor = {England, P},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds257416}
}
@article{fds257417,
Author = {McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Eliminating Choice: Reply to Folbre},
Series = {Aldine},
Booktitle = {Theory on Gender/Feminism on Theory},
Publisher = {Aldine},
Editor = {England, P},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds257417}
}
@article{fds257431,
Author = {McPherson, M and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {You Are Who You Know: A Network Perspective on
Gender},
Pages = {223-241},
Booktitle = {Theory on Gender/Feminism on Theory.},
Publisher = {New York: Aldine},
Editor = {England, P},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds257431}
}
@article{fds257427,
Author = {Robinson, D and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Gender and Conversational Dynamics},
Pages = {122-56},
Booktitle = {Gender and Interaction},
Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
Editor = {Ridgeway, C},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds257427}
}
@article{fds257428,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {"An Affect Control View of Cognition and
Emotion."},
Pages = {143-69},
Booktitle = {Self and Society: A Social Cognition Approach},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Howard, J and Callero, P},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds257428}
}
@article{fds257429,
Author = {Robinson, D},
Title = {“Selective interaction as a strategy for identity
maintenance: An affect control model.”},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {55},
Number = {1},
Pages = {12-28},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds257429}
}
@article{fds257430,
Author = {Douglas, WT and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {An affect control analysis of two religious
subcultures},
Pages = {217-247},
Booktitle = {Social Perspectives on Emotion},
Publisher = {JAI Press},
Editor = {Franks, D and Gecas, V},
Year = {1992},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds257430}
}
@article{fds257484,
Author = {Gilbert, EVRIGN},
Title = {Researching Social Life},
Publisher = {London: Sage},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds257484}
}
@article{fds257425,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {"Emotion as Confirmation and Disconfirmation of Identity: An
Affect Control Model."},
Pages = {238-270},
Booktitle = {Research Agendas in Emotions,},
Publisher = {New York: SUNY Press},
Editor = {Kemper, TD},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds257425}
}
@article{fds257426,
Author = {Robinson, D and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {The Timing of Interruptions in Group Discussions},
Series = {Vol. 7},
Pages = {45-74},
Booktitle = {Advances in Group Processes},
Publisher = {JAI Press},
Editor = {Lawler, EJ and Ridgeway, C and Walker, H and Markovsky,
B},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds257426}
}
@article{fds257482,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {"Affect, Sentiment and Emotion."},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {52},
Pages = {5-9},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds257482}
}
@article{fds257483,
Author = {Brody, CJ},
Title = {"Interruptions in Group Discussions: The Effects of Gender
and Group Composition."},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {54},
Pages = {424-35},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds257483}
}
@article{fds257479,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Affect control theory: An assessment},
Journal = {The Journal of Mathematical Sociology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {171-192},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-250X},
Abstract = {This paper reviews affect control theory's major strengths,
the contributions of recent work to its growth, and the most
promising avenues for future work. Affect control theory's
strengths include (1) the precision of its mathematical
statement and empirical base (especially when compared with
earlier interpretive sociologies), (2) its ability to link
the internal processing that generates social action to the
socio-cultural system upon which that action is based, and
(3) the generality that allows a parsimonious explanation of
a wide range of processes and previous research findings.
Recent advances provide (1) new, more accurate
impression-change formulas, (2) the expansion of the theory
to encompass settings, emotions, and traits, (3) new
dictionaries of evaluation, potency and acitivity meanings
and (4) tests of the theory using likelihood judgments,
verbal scenarios and actual behavior of naive experimental
subjects. Further work must include links to cognitive
structures that will further delineate definition of
situation and behavior selection processes. In addition,
integration of affect control theory with new sociological
work on the development of shared social knowledge and on
institutionalized production systems expand the theory in
useful ways. Finally, new work must find innovative and
convincing ways to test simulation outcomes using both
verbal accounts and behavior. © 1987 Gordon and Breach
Science Publishers S.A. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1080/0022250X.1987.9990031},
Key = {fds257479}
}
@article{fds257480,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {The affective control of events within settings},
Journal = {The Journal of Mathematical Sociology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {71-101},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-250X},
Abstract = {This paper develops an affect control model of how behavior
changes as actors move from setting to setting. After a
review of other theoretical approaches to the problem, the
affective meanings of settings are examined. Then,
impression change equations are developed to assess how
sentiments toward actors, behaviors and object-persons are
affected by the setting in which interaction occurs. The
tempo or characteristic activity level of a behavior setting
appears to have the most impact on impression formation.
Settings that are lively and fast-paced lead social actors
and behaviors to be evaluated more favorably and make them
seem more expressive. Actors also seem more admirable when
they match their activity level to that of the setting. The
current data provide the first effort to understand changes
in impressions about settings themselves. Generally, the
most important factor influencing how people feel about a
setting after an event is the act that is committed there.
Places are defiled by violent, aggressive behaviors, but
seem nicer when conciliatory, inquisitive acts have
occurred. Finally, the usual affect control theory
assumption — that people act to minimize affective
deflections — is employed along with the new
impression-change formulas to analyze some interactions in
which people might alter their behavior because of their
location. © 1987 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers S.A.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1080/0022250X.1987.9990027},
Key = {fds257480}
}
@article{fds257481,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Impressions from events},
Journal = {The Journal of Mathematical Sociology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {35-70},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-250X},
Abstract = {A large study of event stimuli developed new equations for
describing how people react to events. Exploratory work
found several new interaction terms affecting the impression
formation process. To demonstrate the generality of the
impression formation process across subject populations and
study procedures, the results from the current study were
compared to four others: two earlier studies on U.S. college
undergraduates, a study of Belfast, Northern Ireland, high
school students, and an Arabic study of well-educated
Egyptians and Lebanese. Striking similarities in evaluation
dynamics appeared in all studies. All English-speakers had
similar potency and activity dynamics, while the Arabic
study showed subtantial differences in the processing of
these dimensions. © 1987 Gordon and Breach Science
Publishers S.A. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1080/0022250X.1987.9990026},
Key = {fds257481}
}
@article{fds15704,
Author = {J. Miller McPherson},
Title = {"Homophily in Voluntary Organizations."},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {52},
Pages = {370-79},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds15704}
}
@article{fds257478,
Author = {McPherson, JM},
Title = {"Homophily in Voluntary Organizations."},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {52},
Pages = {370-79},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds257478}
}
@article{fds318991,
Author = {Miller McPherson, and Lynn Smith Lovin},
Title = {Homophily in Voluntary Organizations: Status Distance and
the Composition of Face-to-Face Groups."},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {370-379},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1987},
Abstract = {Recent work on the organized sources of network ties and on
the social structural determinants of association are
synthesized to produce several hypotheses about homophily.
Friends are more similar on status dimensions than chance
and this homophily is produced both by the restricted
opportunity structure offered by the group and by
homophilous choices made within the group. -from
Authors},
Doi = {10.2307/2095356},
Key = {fds318991}
}
@article{fds257476,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L and Skvoretz, JV and Hudson, CG},
Title = {Status and participation in six-person groups: A test of
skvoretz’s comparative status model},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {64},
Number = {4},
Pages = {992-1005},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0037-7732},
Abstract = {A mathematical model of participation in n-person groups,
derived from expectation states theory by Skvoretz (a), was
tested in six-person task-oriented groups with
systematically varying sex compositions. The groups of
undergraduate subjects performed a task modeled after that
used by Fisek. Videotapes were made of group interactions
and later coded for participation, interruptions, and
conversational overlaps. The Skvoretz model fits the
participation data poorly (as measured by a Chi-square
goodness-of-fit test), primarily because there was much more
variation in participation within statuses (male and female)
than predicted by the model. A revised model which
represents the groups' status structure as differentiated
along a primary status dimension, sex, and then
differentiated along secondary status dimensions within
members of the same sex is suggested for a better fit to the
participation data. © 1986 The University of North Carolina
Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/sf/64.4.992},
Key = {fds257476}
}
@article{fds257477,
Author = {McPherson, JM},
Title = {"Sex Segregation in Voluntary Associations."},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {51},
Pages = {61-79},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds257477}
}
@article{fds257465,
Author = {FILLENBAUM, GG},
Title = {WOMENS RETIREMENT - POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF RECENT RESEARCH -
SZINOVACZ,M},
Journal = {JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1},
Pages = {124-125},
Publisher = {GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1422},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984RZ03700027&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds257465}
}
@article{fds257466,
Author = {Mott, ROF},
Title = {The Employment Revolution. (MIT Press, 1982)},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {63},
Pages = {302-3},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds257466}
}
@article{fds257498,
Author = {Wilson, KL and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Scaling the prestige, authority, and income potential of
college curricula},
Journal = {Social Science Research},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {159-186},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0049-089X},
Abstract = {This paper develops the concept of "targeted education," a
theoretical ranking of college curricula, into a
multidimensional framework. The new scales, based on the
traditional stratification dimensions, prestige, authority,
and income, are then used in a study of sex differences in
the process of occupational achievement among men and women
with college degrees. The targeted education scales predict
occupational prestige and wages 7 years after the college
degree, and they point out interesting differences between
male and female attainment processes. In general, targeted
education has a greater quantitative impact for men's
occupational outcomes than for women's prestige and income,
but results also suggest significant qualitative differences
between men and women. A large proportion of women target
their education toward, and end up in, an under-employed
labor pool for the primary and secondary school system. ©
1983.},
Doi = {10.1016/0049-089X(83)90004-2},
Key = {fds257498}
}
@article{fds257424,
Author = {Heise, DR and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {A Structural Equation Model of Impression
Formation},
Booktitle = {Multivariate Methods in the Social Sciences},
Publisher = {L. Erlbaum},
Editor = {Hirschberg, CIN and Humphries, L},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds257424}
}
@article{fds257464,
Author = {Szinovacz, ROM},
Title = {Women’s Retirement: Policy Implications of Recent
Research, Vol. 6.},
Journal = {Sage Yearbooks in Women’s Policy Studies.},
Publisher = {(Beverly Hills: Sage,), Sex Roles},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds257464}
}
@article{fds257474,
Author = {Tickamyer, AR},
Title = {"Models of Women’s Work and Fertility"},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {47},
Pages = {461-66},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds257474}
}
@article{fds257475,
Author = {McPherson, JM},
Title = {"Women and Weak Ties: Differences by Sex in the Size of
Voluntary Organizations."},
Journal = {American Journal of Sociology},
Volume = {87},
Pages = {883-904},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds257475}
}
@article{fds303992,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L and Tickamyer, AR},
Title = {Fertility and patterns of labor force participation among
married women.},
Journal = {Social biology},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {81-95},
Year = {1981},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0037-766X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7348449},
Doi = {10.1080/19485565.1981.9988444},
Key = {fds303992}
}
@article{fds257463,
Author = {Rokeach, ROM},
Title = {Understanding Human Values, Individual and
Societal.},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {59},
Pages = {1330-32},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds257463}
}
@article{fds257473,
Author = {Heise, DR},
Title = {"Impressions of Goodness, Powerfulness and Liveliness from
Discerned Social Events."},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {44},
Pages = {93-106},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds257473}
}
@article{fds257472,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L and Wilson, KL},
Title = {On the Practical Value of Causal Modeling II. Educational
Attainment and the Measurement of Conceptual
Variables},
Journal = {The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science},
Volume = {16},
Number = {4},
Pages = {547-565},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0021-8863},
Doi = {10.1177/002188638001600410},
Key = {fds257472}
}
@article{fds257462,
Author = {Scanzoni, ROJH},
Title = {Life Styles and Childbearing (New York: Free Press, 1975),
and D. Gill, Illegitimacy, Sexuality and the Status of
Women. (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1977)},
Journal = {American Journal of Sociology},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {227-31},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds257462}
}
@article{fds257470,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Individual Political Participation: The Effects of Social
Structure and Communication Behavior},
Journal = {Sociological Perspectives},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {23-50},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0731-1214},
Abstract = {Although researchers attempting to quantify theories of
individual political participation have assumed that mass
media use is a recursive cause of such participation, an
argument could be made for a return effect of political
activity on media use. The “uses and gratifications”
tradition in communication research, for example, views
media use as purposive behavior that is influenced by the
users social situation. In this paper the possibilty of a
bidirectional relationship between mass media use and
political participation is examined using the Two-Stage
Least Squares technique. The data used to estimate model
parameters are from a 1971 statewide survey of North
Carolina. Separate analyses were conducted for male and
female respondents to explore sex differences in the
processes leading to individual political participation.
Mass media use is shown to have an effect on participation
in both the male and female subsamples. Political activity
has a positive return effect on media use in the female
subsample, but there is no significant return effect in the
male subsample. Generally, the results indicate that models
which specify media use as a unidirectional cause of
participation behavior may be incorrect and wider use of
techniques which allow the investigation of non-recursive
relationships is recommended. © 1979, Pacific Sociological
Association. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.2307/1388894},
Key = {fds257470}
}
@article{fds257471,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {"Behavioral Settings and Impressions Formed from Social
Scenarios."},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {31-42},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds257471}
}
@article{fds257514,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L and Tickamyer, AR},
Title = {Nonrecursive models of labor force participation, fertility
behavior and sex role attitudes.},
Journal = {American sociological review},
Volume = {43},
Number = {4},
Pages = {541-557},
Year = {1978},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0003-1224},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/707913},
Key = {fds257514}
}
@article{fds257461,
Author = {Richmond-Abbott, ROM},
Title = {The American Woman: Her Past, Her Present and Her Future.
(New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston)},
Journal = {Sex Roles},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {879-81},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds257461}
}
@article{fds257469,
Author = {Ogan, C and Plymale, I and Turpin, W and Shaw, D},
Title = {"The Changing Front Page of the New York
Times."},
Journal = {Journalism Quarterly},
Volume = {52},
Pages = {340-44},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds257469}
}
@article{fds257423,
Author = {Bishop, ME and Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {The Young Moderns: Correlates of Communication Behavior
among Appalachian (U.S.) College Students},
Pages = {215-24},
Booktitle = {Der Anteil Der Massenmediem Bei Der Herausbildung Des
Besussteinss In Der Sich Wanderlunden Welt},
Publisher = {Leipzig, D.D.R.: Karl Marx Universtat},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds257423}
}
%% Book Reviews
@article{fds4505,
Author = {Review of M. Szinovacz},
Title = {Women's Retirement: Policy Implications of Recent
Research, Vol. 6.},
Journal = {Sage Yearbooks in Women's Policy Studies.},
Publisher = {(Beverly Hills: Sage,), Sex Roles},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds4505}
}
@article{fds4506,
Author = {Review of M. Szinovacz},
Title = {Women's Retirement: Policy Implications of Recent
Research, Vol. 6.},
Journal = {Sage Yearbooks in Women's Policy Studies.},
Publisher = {(Beverly Hills: Sage,), Sex Roles},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds4506}
}
%% Reprints
@misc{fds151360,
Author = {Miller McPherson and Matthew Brashears},
Title = {"Social Isolation in America: Changes in core discussion
networks over two decades"},
Booktitle = {Social Pathology: An Introduction},
Publisher = {ICFAI Research Center},
Address = {Kolkata, India},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds151360}
}
%% Work In Progress
@misc{fds257459,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Moskovitz, C},
Title = {A Very Short Guide to Writing in Sociology},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (under contract)},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds257459}
}
@misc{fds303990,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Podcast},
Journal = {Thomson Reuters "Sciencewatch"},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds303990}
}
@misc{fds257455,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {Podcast},
Journal = {Thomson Reuters "Sciencewatch"},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds257455}
}
@misc{fds257456,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and McPherson, M},
Title = {Book manuscript, Networks and Niches in an Ecology of
Affiliation},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds257456}
}
@misc{fds257457,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Robinson, DT},
Title = {Book manuscript, Identity, Interaction and
Emotion},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds257457}
}
@misc{fds257458,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Clay-Warner, J and Robinson,
DT},
Title = {Emotional Reactions to Over-Reward},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds257458}
}
@misc{fds257460,
Author = {L. Smith-Lovin and Smith-Lovin, L and Brody, CJ},
Title = {Interruptions in Group Discussions: The Effects of Gender
and Group Composition.},
Booktitle = {Interviewing II},
Publisher = {Sage},
Editor = {Fielding, N},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-1-4129-2867-0},
Key = {fds257460}
}
@misc{fds257419,
Author = {Molm, L},
Title = {“Introduction to special issue on the state of
sociological social psychology at the millennium.”},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {63},
Number = {4},
Pages = {281-3},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds257419}
}
@misc{fds257418,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {“Introduction: David R. Heise, Cooley-Mead Award
Winner.”},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {62},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-3},
Publisher = {AMER SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOC},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds257418}
}
@misc{fds257454,
Author = {Smith-Lovin, L},
Title = {"Introduction: Joseph Berger, Cooley-Mead Award
Winner."},
Journal = {Social Psychology Quarterly},
Volume = {55},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-4},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds257454}
}