Publications of Scott N. Compton
%% Journal Articles
@article{fds376089,
Author = {Barber, KE and Woods, DW and Ely, LJ and Saunders, SM and Compton, SN and Neal-Barnett, A and Franklin, ME and Capriotti, MR and Conelea, CA and Twohig, MP},
Title = {Long-term follow-up of acceptance-enhanced behavior therapy
for trichotillomania.},
Journal = {Psychiatry Res},
Volume = {333},
Pages = {115767},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {Acceptance-enhanced behavior therapy for trichotillomania
(AEBT-TTM) is effective in reducing trichotillomania (TTM)
symptoms, but the durability of treatment effects remains in
question. This study analyzed 6-month follow-up data from a
large randomized clinical trial comparing AEBT-TTM to an
active psychoeducation and supportive therapy control (PST).
Adults with TTM (N=85; 92% women) received 10 sessions of
AEBT-TTM or PST across 12 weeks. Independent evaluators
assessed participants at baseline, post-treatment, and 6
months follow-up. For both AEBT-TTM and PST, self-reported
and evaluator-rated TTM symptom severity decreased from
baseline to follow-up. TTM symptoms did not worsen from
post-treatment to follow-up. At follow-up, AEBT-TTM and PST
did not differ in rates of treatment response, TTM
diagnosis, or symptom severity. High baseline TTM symptom
severity was a stronger predictor of high follow-up severity
for PST than for AEBT-TTM, suggesting AEBT-TTM may be a
better option for more severe TTM. Results support the
efficacy of AEBT-TTM and show that treatment gains were
maintained over time. Although AEBT-TTM yielded lower
symptoms at post-treatment, 6-month follow-up outcomes
suggest AEBT-TTM and PST may lead to similar symptom levels
in the longer term. Future research should examine
mechanisms that contribute to long-term gain
maintenance.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115767},
Key = {fds376089}
}
@article{fds376738,
Author = {Kolitsopoulos, F and Ramaker, S and Chappell, P and Broderick, S and Bao, W and Lokhnygina, Y and Compton, S and Orazem,
J},
Title = {Response to Chadi A. Calarge re: "Effects of Long-Term
Sertraline Use on Pediatric Growth and Development: The
Sertraline Pediatric Registry for the Evaluation of Safety
(SPRITES)".},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {104-105},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2023.0085},
Key = {fds376738}
}
@article{fds371870,
Author = {Barber, KE and Woods, DW and Bauer, CC and Twohig, MP and Saunders, SM and Compton, SN and Franklin, ME},
Title = {Psychometric Properties of Trichotillomania Severity
Measures},
Journal = {Cognitive Therapy and Research},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {18-29},
Year = {2024},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {Background: Trichotillomania (TTM) is a psychiatric disorder
that leads to significant hair loss, distress, and
impairment. Few validated measures exist to assess TTM, and
psychometric research examining these tools is sparse. This
study evaluated the psychometric properties of commonly used
TTM severity measures and extended prior research by
including hair loss severity ratings in our analyses.
Methods: Participants included 91 adults (92.3% Female; M
age = 35.0) with TTM who completed baseline assessments as
part of a randomized clinical trial of psychotherapy for
TTM. TTM measures included the Massachusetts General
Hospital Hairpulling Scale (MGH-HS) and National Institute
of Mental Health Trichotillomania Severity Scale (NIMH-TSS).
Independent evaluators rated photos of participants’ most
severely affected pulling sites using a one-item hair loss
severity scale. Results: Results showed mixed psychometric
properties for TTM measures. The MGH-HS showed acceptable
internal consistency (alpha = 0.83; omega = 0.89), while the
NIMH-TSS had lower internal consistency (alpha = 0.52; omega
= 0.73). Both the MGH-HS and NIMH-TSS demonstrated low
test-retest reliability. Total scores on the MGH-HS and
NIMH-TSS were not associated with hair loss severity.
Conclusions: Given these findings, it is imperative to
develop new, psychometrically-sound TTM measures. These
results also emphasize the importance of a multi-method
approach to TTM assessment. In addition to self-report and
clinician-administered measures, hair loss severity ratings
may offer valuable information as part of a comprehensive
assessment of TTM.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10608-023-10406-4},
Key = {fds371870}
}
@article{fds372713,
Author = {Barber, KE and Capel, LK and Merl, N and Twohig, MP and Saunders, SM and Compton, SN and Franklin, ME and Woods, DW},
Title = {Pulling Sites in Trichotillomania: Exploring Differences in
Characteristics, Phenomenology, and Contextual
Variables},
Journal = {Cognitive Therapy and Research},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {164-176},
Year = {2024},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {Introduction: Trichotillomania is a heterogeneous disorder
with a wide range of presentations. Past studies have
described the phenomenology of trichotillomania, but
individual differences based on the body site from which
hair is pulled have not been thoroughly explored. Contextual
variables relevant to pulling (e.g., settings, tool use) may
vary as a function of pulling site. We constructed a
detailed profile of individual and clinical characteristics
based on pulling site and describe contextual factors
associated with different pulling sites. Methods: Data were
drawn from two randomized control trials of psychotherapy
for trichotillomania. Participants included
treatment-seeking adults with trichotillomania (N = 153; 89%
women; Mage=33.41) who took part in either a face-to-face (n
= 92) or an online (n = 61) trial. Study 1 explored
differences in age, gender, trichotillomania symptom
severity, and levels of automatic and focused pulling as a
function of pulling site. Study 2 included a subset of Study
1 participants (n = 65) and examined pulling site
differences for relevant contextual variables. Results:
Study 1 revealed differences in age, gender, and level of
automatic vs. focused pulling based on pulling site. Study 2
showed that pulling from different bodily sites was more
likely to occur in specific settings and with certain tools.
Discussion: These results reflect considerable variability
in the phenomenology of trichotillomania across pulling
sites and contribute to the overall understanding of
trichotillomania. A clearer picture of contextual cues and
clinical characteristics for different hair pulling sites
has treatment implications. Clinical applications and future
research directions are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10608-023-10419-z},
Key = {fds372713}
}
@article{fds375366,
Author = {Rabner, J and Olino, TM and Albano, AM and Keeton, CP and Sakolsky, D and Birmaher, B and Piacentini, J and Peris, TS and Compton, SN and Gosch,
E and Ginsburg, GS and Pinney, EL and Kendall, PC},
Title = {Substance use outcomes from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Extended Long-term Study (CAMELS).},
Journal = {J Child Psychol Psychiatry},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Substance use problems and anxiety disorders are
both highly prevalent and frequently cooccur in youth. The
present study examined the benefits of successful anxiety
treatment at 3-12 years after treatment completion on
substance use outcomes (i.e. diagnoses and lifetime expected
use). METHODS: The sample was from the Child/Adolescent
Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study (CAMELS), a
naturalistic follow-up study to the Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Study (CAMS) which randomized youth to cognitive
behavioral therapy (CBT; Coping cat), medication
(sertraline), their combination, or pill placebo. The first
CAMELS visit occurred an average of 6.5 years following
CAMS randomization. Participants were 319 youth (65.4% of
the CAMS sample), aged 7-17 years at CAMS baseline
assessment with a mean age of 17.6 years (range:
11-26 years) at the time of the first CAMELS follow-up.
Substance use outcomes included diagnoses as well as
lifetime substance use (i.e. alcohol and tobacco use).
RESULTS: Eleven of 319 (3.4%) CAMELS participants were
diagnosed with a substance use disorder at the initial
follow-up visit. When compared to the population lifetime
rate of 11.4%, the rate of diagnoses in the posttreated
sample was significantly lower. Additionally, rates of
lifetime alcohol use were lower than population rates at the
initial and final follow-up visits. Rates of lifetime
tobacco use were similarly lower than lifetime population
rates at the initial visit (driven by significantly lower
rates in the CBT treatment condition), but higher by the
final visit. Furthermore, treatment remission (but not
treatment response) was associated with a lower rate of
substance use diagnoses at the initial follow-up visit,
although rates of lifetime alcohol and tobacco use did not
differ by treatment outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety treatments
confer a beneficial impact on problematic substance use
(i.e. diagnoses) as well as on expected substance use (i.e.
alcohol and tobacco use) for on average, a period of
6.5 years.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.13926},
Key = {fds375366}
}
@article{fds363252,
Author = {Babiano-Espinosa, L and Skarphedinsson, G and Weidle, B and Wolters,
LH and Compton, S and Ivarsson, T and Skokauskas,
N},
Title = {eCBT Versus Standard Individual CBT for Paediatric
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.},
Journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev},
Volume = {54},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1567-1576},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by
recurring obsessions and compulsions often with severe
impairment affecting 1-3% of children and adolescents.
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is the therapeutic
golden standard for paediatric OCD. However, face-to-face
CBT is limited by accessibility, availability, and quality
of delivery. Enhanced CBT (eCBT) a combination of
face-to-face sessions at the clinic and treatment at home
via webcam and a supportive app system aims to address some
of these barriers. In this pilot study, we compared eCBT
outcomes of 25 paediatric patients with OCD benchmarked
against traditional face-to-face CBT (n = 269) from the
Nordic Long-term OCD Treatment Study, the largest paediatric
OCD CBT study to date. Pairwise comparisons showed no
difference between eCBT and NordLOTS treatment outcomes.
Mean estimate difference was 2.5 in favour of eCBT (95% CI
- 0.3 to 5.3). eCBT compared to NordLOTS showed no
significant differences between response and remission
rates, suggesting similar effectiveness.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10578-022-01350-7},
Key = {fds363252}
}
@article{fds373921,
Author = {Fleischer, NJ and Gosch, E and Roberts, MB and Albano, AM and Ginsburg,
G and Piacentini, J and Birmaher, B and Compton, SN and Walkup, J and Kendall, PC and Carper, MM},
Title = {Asthma and anxiety in children and adolescents:
characteristics and treatment outcomes.},
Journal = {J Asthma},
Pages = {1-9},
Year = {2023},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study (a) examined anxious youth with and
without asthma on measures of negative self-talk, parental
psychopathology, worry content, physical symptoms, panic
symptoms, generalized symptoms, and separation anxiety
symptoms, and (b) tested if outpatient CBT or medication
were differentially effective in reducing anxiety for youth
with asthma and anxiety. METHODS: This secondary analysis
separated youth with an anxiety disorder into asthma and
non-asthma groups. Youth were also compared on response to
treatments (i.e. CBT, sertraline, combined, and placebo).
RESULTS: A total of 488 participants participated in the
original study, with an average age of 10 years (SD 2.87).
Youth with comorbid asthma and anxiety demonstrated higher
rates of negative self-talk. Youth with comorbid asthma and
anxiety did not differ from the non-asthma group on measures
of physical symptoms, anxiety disorder specific symptoms,
parental psychopathology, or worry content. Youth with
asthma and anxiety responded similarly to the non-asthma
group to treatment across treatment conditions. CONCLUSIONS:
Treatment was comparably effective for youth with comorbid
asthma and anxiety and youth with anxiety. Future research
could examine the effects of psychopharmaceuticals on asthma
and anxiety comorbidity.},
Doi = {10.1080/02770903.2023.2280906},
Key = {fds373921}
}
@article{fds373395,
Author = {Perochon, S and Di Martino and JM and Carpenter, KLH and Compton, S and Davis, N and Eichner, B and Espinosa, S and Franz, L and Krishnappa
Babu, PR and Sapiro, G and Dawson, G},
Title = {Early detection of autism using digital behavioral
phenotyping.},
Journal = {Nat Med},
Volume = {29},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2489-2497},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Early detection of autism, a neurodevelopmental condition
associated with challenges in social communication, ensures
timely access to intervention. Autism screening
questionnaires have been shown to have lower accuracy when
used in real-world settings, such as primary care, as
compared to research studies, particularly for children of
color and girls. Here we report findings from a multiclinic,
prospective study assessing the accuracy of an autism
screening digital application (app) administered during a
pediatric well-child visit to 475 (17-36 months old)
children (269 boys and 206 girls), of which 49 were
diagnosed with autism and 98 were diagnosed with
developmental delay without autism. The app displayed
stimuli that elicited behavioral signs of autism, quantified
using computer vision and machine learning. An algorithm
combining multiple digital phenotypes showed high diagnostic
accuracy with the area under the receiver operating
characteristic curve = 0.90, sensitivity = 87.8%,
specificity = 80.8%, negative predictive
value = 97.8% and positive predictive value = 40.6%.
The algorithm had similar sensitivity performance across
subgroups as defined by sex, race and ethnicity. These
results demonstrate the potential for digital phenotyping to
provide an objective, scalable approach to autism screening
in real-world settings. Moreover, combining results from
digital phenotyping and caregiver questionnaires may
increase autism screening accuracy and help reduce
disparities in access to diagnosis and intervention.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41591-023-02574-3},
Key = {fds373395}
}
@article{fds370238,
Author = {Bai, S and Rolon-Arroyo, B and Walkup, JT and Kendall, PC and Ginsburg,
GS and Keeton, CP and Albano, AM and Compton, SN and Sakolsky, D and Piacentini, J and Peris, TS},
Title = {Anxiety symptom trajectories from treatment to 5- to 12-year
follow-up across childhood and adolescence.},
Journal = {J Child Psychol Psychiatry},
Volume = {64},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1336-1345},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The current study examined trajectories of
anxiety during (a) acute treatment and (b) extended
follow-up to better characterize the long-term symptom
trajectories of youth who received evidence-based
intervention for anxiety disorders using a person-centered
approach. METHOD: Participants were 319 youth (age
7-17 years at enrollment), who participated in a
multicenter randomized controlled trial for the treatment of
pediatric anxiety disorders, Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Study, and a 4-year naturalistic follow-up,
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term
Study, an average of 6.5 years later. Using growth mixture
modeling, the study identified distinct trajectories of
anxiety across acute treatment (Weeks 0-12), posttreatment
(Weeks 12-36), and the 4-year-long follow-up, and identified
baseline predictors of these trajectories. RESULTS: Three
nonlinear anxiety trajectories emerged: "short-term
responders" who showed rapid treatment response but had
higher levels of anxiety during the extended follow-up;
"durable responders" who sustained treatment gains; and
"delayed remitters" who did not show an initial response to
treatment, but showed low levels of anxiety during the
maintenance and extended follow-up periods. Worse anxiety
severity and better family functioning at baseline predicted
membership in the delayed remitters group. Caregiver strain
differentiated short-term responders from durable
responders. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that initial
response to treatment does not guarantee sustained treatment
gains over time for some youth. Future follow-up studies
that track treated youth across key developmental
transitions and in the context of changing social
environments are needed to inform best practices for the
long-term management of anxiety.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.13796},
Key = {fds370238}
}
@article{fds371262,
Author = {Coffman, M and Di Martino and JM and Aiello, R and Carpenter, KLH and Chang, Z and Compton, S and Eichner, B and Espinosa, S and Flowers, J and Franz, L and Perochon, S and Krishnappa Babu and PR and Sapiro, G and Dawson, G},
Title = {Relationship between quantitative digital behavioral
features and clinical profiles in young autistic
children.},
Journal = {Autism Res},
Volume = {16},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1360-1374},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Early behavioral markers for autism include differences in
social attention and orienting in response to one's name
when called, and differences in body movements and motor
abilities. More efficient, scalable, objective, and reliable
measures of these behaviors could improve early screening
for autism. This study evaluated whether objective and
quantitative measures of autism-related behaviors elicited
from an app (SenseToKnow) administered on a smartphone or
tablet and measured via computer vision analysis (CVA) are
correlated with standardized caregiver-report and clinician
administered measures of autism-related behaviors and
cognitive, language, and motor abilities. This is an
essential step in establishing the concurrent validity of a
digital phenotyping approach. In a sample of 485 toddlers,
43 of whom were diagnosed with autism, we found that
CVA-based gaze variables related to social attention were
associated with the level of autism-related behaviors. Two
language-related behaviors measured via the app, attention
to people during a conversation and responding to one's name
being called, were associated with children's language
skills. Finally, performance during a bubble popping game
was associated with fine motor skills. These findings
provide initial support for the concurrent validity of the
SenseToKnow app and its potential utility in identifying
clinical profiles associated with autism. Future research is
needed to determine whether the app can be used as an autism
screening tool, can reliably stratify autism-related
behaviors, and measure changes in autism-related behaviors
over time.},
Doi = {10.1002/aur.2955},
Key = {fds371262}
}
@article{fds371745,
Author = {Krishnappa Babu and PR and Aikat, V and Di Martino and JM and Chang, Z and Perochon, S and Espinosa, S and Aiello, R and L H Carpenter and K and Compton, S and Davis, N and Eichner, B and Flowers, J and Franz, L and Dawson, G and Sapiro, G},
Title = {Blink rate and facial orientation reveal distinctive
patterns of attentional engagement in autistic toddlers: a
digital phenotyping approach.},
Journal = {Sci Rep},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7158},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Differences in social attention are well-documented in
autistic individuals, representing one of the earliest signs
of autism. Spontaneous blink rate has been used to index
attentional engagement, with lower blink rates reflecting
increased engagement. We evaluated novel methods using
computer vision analysis (CVA) for automatically quantifying
patterns of attentional engagement in young autistic
children, based on facial orientation and blink rate, which
were captured via mobile devices. Participants were 474
children (17-36 months old), 43 of whom were diagnosed with
autism. Movies containing social or nonsocial content were
presented via an iPad app, and simultaneously, the device's
camera recorded the children's behavior while they watched
the movies. CVA was used to extract the duration of time the
child oriented towards the screen and their blink rate as
indices of attentional engagement. Overall, autistic
children spent less time facing the screen and had a higher
mean blink rate compared to neurotypical children.
Neurotypical children faced the screen more often and
blinked at a lower rate during the social movies compared to
the nonsocial movies. In contrast, autistic children faced
the screen less often during social movies than during
nonsocial movies and showed no differential blink rate to
social versus nonsocial movies.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-34293-7},
Key = {fds371745}
}
@article{fds370239,
Author = {Ong, CW and Woods, DW and Franklin, ME and Saunders, SM and Neal-Barnett, AM and Compton, SN and Twohig, MP},
Title = {The role of psychological flexibility in acceptance-enhanced
behavior therapy for trichotillomania: Moderation and
mediation findings.},
Journal = {Behav Res Ther},
Volume = {164},
Pages = {104302},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Trichotillomania is characterized by recurrent pulling out
of one's hair, leading to significant hair loss and
accompanied by clinically significant distress and/or
functional impairment. The current study used data from a
randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of
acceptance-enhanced behavior therapy (AEBT) to
psychoeducation plus supportive therapy (PST; active
control) for trichotillomania in an adult sample. The
objectives were to examine the moderating and mediating
influence of trichotillomania-specific psychological
flexibility in treatment for trichotillomania. Participants
with lower baseline flexibility performed better in AEBT
than PST in terms of greater symptom reduction and quality
of life. Lower baseline flexibility also predicted higher
likelihood of disorder recovery in AEBT relative to PST. In
addition, relative to PST, symptom reduction in AEBT was
mediated by psychological flexibility, controlling for
anxiety and depression. These findings suggest that
psychological flexibility is a relevant process of change in
the treatment of trichotillomania. Clinical implications and
directions for future research are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.brat.2023.104302},
Key = {fds370239}
}
@article{fds370624,
Author = {Isaev, DY and Sabatos-DeVito, M and Di Martino and JM and Carpenter, K and Aiello, R and Compton, S and Davis, N and Franz, L and Sullivan, C and Dawson, G and Sapiro, G},
Title = {Computer Vision Analysis of Caregiver-Child Interactions in
Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Preliminary
Report.},
Journal = {J Autism Dev Disord},
Year = {2023},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We report preliminary results of computer vision analysis of
caregiver-child interactions during free play with children
diagnosed with autism (N = 29, 41-91 months),
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, N = 22,
48-100 months), or combined autism + ADHD (N = 20,
56-98 months), and neurotypical children (NT, N = 7,
55-95 months). We conducted micro-analytic analysis of
'reaching to a toy,' as a proxy for initiating or responding
to a toy play bout. Dyadic analysis revealed two clusters of
interaction patterns, which differed in frequency of
'reaching to a toy' and caregivers' contingent responding to
the child's reach for a toy by also reaching for a toy.
Children in dyads with higher caregiver responsiveness had
less developed language, communication, and socialization
skills. Clusters were not associated with diagnostic groups.
These results hold promise for automated methods of
characterizing caregiver responsiveness in dyadic
interactions for assessment and outcome monitoring in
clinical trials.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10803-023-05973-0},
Key = {fds370624}
}
@article{fds369896,
Author = {Rabner, JC and Olino, TM and Albano, AM and Ginsburg, GS and Compton,
SN and Piacentini, J and Sakolsky, D and Birmaher, B and Gosch, E and Kendall, PC},
Title = {Do youth anxiety measures assess the same construct
consistently throughout treatment? Results
are...complicated.},
Journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {Interventionists interpret changes in symptoms as reflecting
response to treatment. However, changes in symptom
functioning and the measurement of the underlying constructs
may be reflected in reported change. Longitudinal
measurement invariance (LMI) is a statistical approach that
assesses the degree to which measures consistently capture
the same construct over time. We examined LMI in measures of
anxiety severity/symptoms [i.e., Pediatric Anxiety Rating
Scale (PARS), Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children
(MASC), Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Disorders
(SCARED)] in anxious youth at baseline and posttreatment.
Initial fit was inadequate for 27 of 38 baseline and
posttreatment models, but model modifications resulted in
acceptable fit. Tests of LMI supported scalar invariance for
the PARS and many, but not all, MASC and SCARED subscales.
Findings suggest that the PARS, and many MASC and SCARED
subscales can accurately be used to measure change over
time, however, others may reflect changes in measurement
properties.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10578-023-01515-y},
Key = {fds369896}
}
@article{fds369350,
Author = {Perochon, S and Matias Di Martino and J and Carpenter, KLH and Compton,
S and Davis, N and Espinosa, S and Franz, L and Rieder, AD and Sullivan, C and Sapiro, G and Dawson, G},
Title = {A tablet-based game for the assessment of visual motor
skills in autistic children.},
Journal = {NPJ Digit Med},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {Increasing evidence suggests that early motor impairments
are a common feature of autism. Thus, scalable, quantitative
methods for measuring motor behavior in young autistic
children are needed. This work presents an engaging and
scalable assessment of visual-motor abilities based on a
bubble-popping game administered on a tablet. Participants
are 233 children ranging from 1.5 to 10 years of age (147
neurotypical children and 86 children diagnosed with autism
spectrum disorder [autistic], of which 32 are also diagnosed
with co-occurring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
[autistic+ADHD]). Computer vision analyses are used to
extract several game-based touch features, which are
compared across autistic, autistic+ADHD, and neurotypical
participants. Results show that younger (1.5-3 years)
autistic children pop the bubbles at a lower rate, and their
ability to touch the bubble's center is less accurate
compared to neurotypical children. When they pop a bubble,
their finger lingers for a longer period, and they show more
variability in their performance. In older children
(3-10-years), consistent with previous research, the
presence of co-occurring ADHD is associated with greater
motor impairment, reflected in lower accuracy and more
variable performance. Several motor features are correlated
with standardized assessments of fine motor and cognitive
abilities, as evaluated by an independent clinical
assessment. These results highlight the potential of
touch-based games as an efficient and scalable approach for
assessing children's visual-motor skills, which can be part
of a broader screening tool for identifying early signs
associated with autism.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41746-023-00762-6},
Key = {fds369350}
}
@article{fds369776,
Author = {Kolitsopoulos, F and Ramaker, S and Compton, SN and Broderick, S and Orazem, J and Bao, W and Lokhnygina, Y and Marschall, K and Chappell,
P},
Title = {Effects of Long-Term Sertraline Use on Pediatric Growth and
Development: The Sertraline Pediatric Registry for The
Evaluation of Safety (SPRITES).},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2-13},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {Objective: To describe the results of the Sertraline
Pediatric Registry for The Evaluation of Safety (SPRITES)
outcome measures of cognitive, emotional, and physical
development following long-term treatment with sertraline
(for up to 3 years) in children and adolescents aged 6-16
years. Methods: SPRITES was a long-term, multicenter,
open-label, prospective observational study designed to
compare physical and psychological development in pediatric
patients exposed to sertraline (with or without
psychotherapy) or psychotherapy alone in usual care
settings. Data were summarized descriptively, and outcomes
were evaluated using a marginal structural model. Results:
Between April 2012 and September 2020, 941 patients across
44 U.S. sites participated in the study. At baseline, 695
participants were exposed to sertraline (physician
prescribed) with or without psychotherapy, and 245
participants were exposed to psychotherapy alone. Of these,
432 participants (46.0%) completed the full 3-year study
follow-up. No significant changes across time were found in
standardized height, BRIEF (Behavior Rating Inventory of
Executive Function), Trails B, and Tanner stage based on
cumulative sertraline exposure or exposure since the last
visit. Change in mean standardized weight across time was
positively associated with both cumulative sertraline
exposure (p = 0.02) and exposure since the last visit
(p = 0.029). The mean changes from baseline across time
in standardized weight were standard deviations of 0.02,
0.03, 0.16, and 0.17 at months 3, 6, 30, and 36,
respectively. However, this finding was not observed in the
mean change across time in standardized body mass index,
which was not statistically significant. Conclusions:
Results are consistent with normal development. Although a
statistically significant finding for standardized weight
was observed in comparative analyses, the magnitude of the
change is small and observed at higher doses of sertraline
only. No other significant differences were observed between
the "sertraline" group and the "no pharmacological therapy"
group on other primary outcome measures. ClinicalTrials.gov
identifier: NCT01302080.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2022.0048},
Key = {fds369776}
}
@article{fds365567,
Author = {Krishnappa Babu and PR and Di Martino and JM and Chang, Z and Perochon, S and Aiello, R and Carpenter, KLH and Compton, S and Davis, N and Franz, L and Espinosa, S and Flowers, J and Dawson, G and Sapiro,
G},
Title = {Complexity analysis of head movements in autistic
toddlers.},
Journal = {J Child Psychol Psychiatry},
Volume = {64},
Number = {1},
Pages = {156-166},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Early differences in sensorimotor functioning
have been documented in young autistic children and infants
who are later diagnosed with autism. Previous research has
demonstrated that autistic toddlers exhibit more frequent
head movement when viewing dynamic audiovisual stimuli,
compared to neurotypical toddlers. To further explore this
behavioral characteristic, in this study, computer vision
(CV) analysis was used to measure several aspects of head
movement dynamics of autistic and neurotypical toddlers
while they watched a set of brief movies with social and
nonsocial content presented on a tablet. METHODS: Data were
collected from 457 toddlers, 17-36 months old, during
their well-child visit to four pediatric primary care
clinics. Forty-one toddlers were subsequently diagnosed with
autism. An application (app) displayed several brief movies
on a tablet, and the toddlers watched these movies while
sitting on their caregiver's lap. The front-facing camera in
the tablet recorded the toddlers' behavioral responses. CV
was used to measure the participants' head movement rate,
movement acceleration, and complexity using multiscale
entropy. RESULTS: Autistic toddlers exhibited significantly
higher rate, acceleration, and complexity in their head
movements while watching the movies compared to neurotypical
toddlers, regardless of the type of movie content (social
vs. nonsocial). The combined features of head movement
acceleration and complexity reliably distinguished the
autistic and neurotypical toddlers. CONCLUSIONS: Autistic
toddlers exhibit differences in their head movement dynamics
when viewing audiovisual stimuli. Higher complexity of their
head movements suggests that their movements were less
predictable and less stable compared to neurotypical
toddlers. CV offers a scalable means of detecting subtle
differences in head movement dynamics, which may be helpful
in identifying early behaviors associated with autism and
providing insight into the nature of sensorimotor
differences associated with autism.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.13681},
Key = {fds365567}
}
@article{fds359489,
Author = {Babu, PRK and Di Martino and JM and Chang, Z and Perochon, S and Carpenter,
KLH and Compton, S and Espinosa, S and Dawson, G and Sapiro,
G},
Title = {Exploring Complexity of Facial Dynamics in Autism Spectrum
Disorder.},
Journal = {IEEE Trans Affect Comput},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {919-930},
Year = {2023},
Abstract = {Atypical facial expression is one of the early symptoms of
autism spectrum disorder (ASD) characterized by reduced
regularity and lack of coordination of facial movements.
Automatic quantification of these behaviors can offer novel
biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, and treatment
monitoring of ASD. In this work, 40 toddlers with ASD and
396 typically developing toddlers were shown
developmentally-appropriate and engaging movies presented on
a smart tablet during a well-child pediatric visit. The
movies consisted of social and non-social dynamic scenes
designed to evoke certain behavioral and affective
responses. The front-facing camera of the tablet was used to
capture the toddlers' face. Facial landmarks' dynamics were
then automatically computed using computer vision
algorithms. Subsequently, the complexity of the landmarks'
dynamics was estimated for the eyebrows and mouth regions
using multiscale entropy. Compared to typically developing
toddlers, toddlers with ASD showed higher complexity (i.e.,
less predictability) in these landmarks' dynamics. This
complexity in facial dynamics contained novel information
not captured by traditional facial affect analyses. These
results suggest that computer vision analysis of facial
landmark movements is a promising approach for detecting and
quantifying early behavioral symptoms associated with
ASD.},
Doi = {10.1109/taffc.2021.3113876},
Key = {fds359489}
}
@article{fds371650,
Author = {Nagendran, A and Compton, S and Follette, WC and Golenchenko, A and Compton, A and Grizou, J},
Title = {Avatar led interventions in the Metaverse reveal that
interpersonal effectiveness can be measured, predicted, and
improved.},
Journal = {Sci Rep},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21892},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Experiential learning has been known to be an engaging and
effective modality for personal and professional
development. The Metaverse provides ample opportunities for
the creation of environments in which such experiential
learning can occur. In this work, we introduce a novel
interpersonal effectiveness improvement framework (ELAINE)
that combines Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality to
create a highly immersive and efficient learning experience
using avatars. We present findings from a study that uses
this framework to measure and improve the interpersonal
effectiveness of individuals interacting with an avatar.
Results reveal that individuals with deficits in their
interpersonal effectiveness show a significant improvement
(p < 0.02) after multiple interactions with an avatar.
The results also reveal that individuals interact naturally
with avatars within this framework, and exhibit similar
behavioral traits as they would in the real world. We use
this as a basis to analyze the underlying audio and video
data streams of individuals during these interactions. We
extract relevant features from these data and present a
machine-learning based approach to predict interpersonal
effectiveness during human-avatar conversation. We conclude
by discussing the implications of these findings to build
beneficial applications for the real world.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-26326-4},
Key = {fds371650}
}
@article{fds363902,
Author = {Casline, EP and Ogle, RR and Peris, TS and Kendall, PC and Piacentini,
J and Compton, SN and Keeton, C and Ginsburg, GS},
Title = {Client-rated facilitators and barriers to long-term youth
anxiety disorder recovery.},
Journal = {J Clin Psychol},
Volume = {78},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2164-2179},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examined client ratings of 26
facilitators and barriers to anxiety improvement
approximately 6 years after randomization to treatment for
anxiety. METHOD: 319 youth (average 17.12 years old; 82.1%
Caucasian; 58.6% female) participated in the longitudinal
follow-up study to child and adolescent anxiety multimodal
study (CAMS), a randomized controlled trial of medication,
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), combination, and
placebo. RESULTS: Correcting for multiple comparisons, CBT
components (i.e., problem solving, changing unhelpful
thoughts, relaxation skills) were rated significantly more
helpful among youth without, versus with, an anxiety
disorder at follow-up. Barriers that differentiated youth
with and without an anxiety disorder included being bullied
and difficulty applying therapy content to new situations.
Comparisons between youth with different anxiety disorder
trajectories (e.g., stable remission, relapsed, or
chronically ill) also revealed several differences.
CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that client-rated facilitators
and barriers covary with anxiety disorder recovery and may
serve as useful tools when evaluating long-term treatment
efficacy.},
Doi = {10.1002/jclp.23400},
Key = {fds363902}
}
@article{fds366145,
Author = {Woods, DW and Ely, LJ and Bauer, CC and Twohig, MP and Saunders, SM and Compton, SN and Espil, FM and Neal-Barnett, A and Alexander, JR and Walther, MR and Cahill, SP and Deckersbach, T and Franklin,
ME},
Title = {Acceptance-enhanced behavior therapy for trichotillomania in
adults: A randomized clinical trial.},
Journal = {Behav Res Ther},
Volume = {158},
Pages = {104187},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Given the limited treatment options for trichotillomania
(TTM), or Hair Pulling Disorder, this large randomized
clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of acceptance-enhanced
behavior therapy for TTM (AEBT-TTM) in reducing TTM severity
relative to psychoeducation and supportive therapy (PST).
Eighty-five adults (78 women) with TTM received 10 sessions
(over 12 weeks) of either AEBT-TTM or PST. Independent
evaluators masked to treatment assignment assessed
participants at baseline (week 0), midpoint (week 6), and
endpoint (week 12). Consistent with a priori hypotheses, 64%
of the adults treated with AEBT-TTM were classified as
clinical responders at post-treatment relative to 38%
treated with PST. Clinical responders were identified by a
score of 1 or 2 on the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement
(CGI-I) scale. Relative to the PST group, the AEBT-TTM group
demonstrated significantly greater pre-to post-treatment
reductions on the self-report Massachusetts General
Hospital-Hairpulling Scale (MGH-HS) and the evaluator-rated
National Institute of Mental Health Trichotillomania
Severity Scale (NIMH-TSS). There were no significant
post-treatment group differences on the Clinical Global
Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) scale, or rate of TTM
diagnoses. Results suggest AEBT-TTM provides greater
treatment benefit than PST. Future research should continue
to investigate AEBT-TTM along with mediators and moderators
of its efficacy.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.brat.2022.104187},
Key = {fds366145}
}
@article{fds367348,
Author = {Carpenter, KLH and Davis, NO and Spanos, M and Sabatos-DeVito, M and Aiello, R and Baranek, GT and Compton, SN and Egger, HL and Franz, L and Kim, S-J and King, BH and Kolevzon, A and McDougle, CJ and Sanders, K and Veenstra-VanderWeele, J and Sikich, L and Kollins, SH and Dawson,
G},
Title = {Adaptive Behavior in Young Autistic Children: Associations
with Irritability and ADHD Symptoms.},
Journal = {J Autism Dev Disord},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms
affect 40-60% of autistic children and have been linked to
differences in adaptive behavior. It is unclear whether
adaptive behavior in autistic youth is directly impacted by
co-occurring ADHD symptoms or by another associated feature
of both autism and ADHD, such as increased irritability. The
current study examined relationships between irritability,
ADHD symptoms, and adaptive behavior in 3- to 7-year-old
autistic children. Results suggest that, after adjusting for
co-occurring ADHD symptoms, higher levels of irritability
are associated with differences in social adaptive behavior
specifically. Understanding relationships between
irritability, ADHD, and adaptive behavior in autistic
children is critical because measures of adaptive behavior,
such as the Vineland Scales of Adaptive Functioning, are
often used as a proxy for global functioning, as well as for
developing intervention plans and measuring outcomes as
primary endpoints in clinical trials.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10803-022-05753-2},
Key = {fds367348}
}
@article{fds355970,
Author = {Jensen, S and Hybel, KA and Højgaard, DRMA and Nissen, JB and Weidle,
B and Ivarsson, T and Skarphedinsson, G and Melin, K and Torp, NC and Carlsen, AH and Mortensen, EL and Lenhard, F and Compton, S and Thomsen,
PH},
Title = {Quality of life in pediatric patients with
obsessive-compulsive disorder during and 3 years after
stepped-care treatment.},
Journal = {Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {31},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1377-1389},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {The present study aimed to investigate the long-term quality
of life (QoL) in a large sample of pediatric
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients. The study
included 220 pediatric OCD patients from the Nordic
Long-term OCD Treatment Study (NordLOTS) who were evaluated
at seven time points before, during, and after stepped-care
treatment over a 3-year follow-up period. Data from three
symptom severity trajectory classes formed the basis of the
QoL evaluation: acute (n = 127, N = 147), slow
(n = 46, N = 63), and limited responders
(n = 47, N = 59). Patients' QoL was assessed using
parent and child ratings of the revised Questionnaire for
Measuring Health-related Quality of Life in Children and
Adolescents (KINDL-R). QoL was analyzed by trajectory class
using a random mixed effects model. The association between
pre-treatment factors and long-term QoL was investigated
across classes in a multivariate model. Three years after
treatment, the acute responder class had reached QoL levels
from a general population, whereas the limited responder
class had not. The slow responder class reached norm levels
for the child-rated QoL only. Higher levels of co-occurring
externalizing symptoms before treatment were associated with
lower parent-rated QoL during follow-up, while adolescence
and higher levels of co-occurring internalizing symptoms
were associated with lower child-rated QoL during follow-up.
For some patients, residual OCD symptoms in the years after
treatment, even at levels below assumed clinical
significance, are associated with compromised QoL.
Co-occurring symptoms could be part of the explanation.
Assessing QoL after OCD treatment, beyond the
clinician-rated symptom severity, could detect patients in
need of further treatment and/or assessment. Trial registry:
Nordic Long-term Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Treatment Study; www.controlled-trials.com ;
ISRCTN66385119.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00787-021-01775-w},
Key = {fds355970}
}
@article{fds362406,
Author = {Conzelmann, A and Hollmann, K and Haigis, A and Lautenbacher, H and Bizu, V and App, R and Nickola, M and Wewetzer, G and Wewetzer, C and Ivarsson, T and Skokauskas, N and Wolters, LH and Skarphedinsson, G and Weidle, B and de Haan, E and Torp, NC and Compton, SN and Calvo, R and Lera-Miguel, S and Alt, A and Hohnecker, CS and Allgaier, K and Renner,
TJ},
Title = {Internet-based psychotherapy in children with
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): protocol of a
randomized controlled trial.},
Journal = {Trials},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {164},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children
can lead to a huge burden on the concerned patients and
their family members. While successful state-of-the art
cognitive behavioral interventions exist, there is still a
lack of available experts for treatment at home, where most
symptoms manifest. Internet-based cognitive behavioral
therapy (iCBT) could overcome these restrictions; however,
studies about iCBT in children with OCD are rare and mostly
target computerized self-help resources and only email
contact with the therapist. Therefore, we intended to build
up and to evaluate an iCBT approach for children with OCD,
replacing successful elements of traditional in-office
face-to-face CBT, with face-to-face teleconferences, online
materials, and apps. METHODS: With the help of a pilot
feasibility study, we developed the iCBT consisting of 14
teleconference sessions with the child and parents. The
sessions are supported by an app assessing daily and weekly
symptoms and treatment course completed by children and
parents. Additionally, we obtain heart rate and activity
scores from the child via wristbands during several days and
exposure sessions. Using a waiting list randomized control
trial design, we aim to treat and analyze 20 children with
OCD immediately after a diagnostic session whereas the
control group of another set of 20 OCD patients will be
treated after waiting period of 16 weeks. We will recruit
30 patients in each group to take account for potential
dropouts. Outcomes for the treatment group are evaluated
before randomization (baseline, t0), 16 weeks (end of
treatment, t1), 32 weeks (follow-up 1, t2), and 48 weeks
after randomization (follow-up 2, t3). For the waiting list
group, outcomes are measured before the first randomization
(baseline), at 16 weeks (waiting list period), 32 weeks
(end of treatment), 48 weeks after the first randomization
(follow-up I), and 64 weeks after the first randomization
(follow-up II). DISCUSSION: Based on our experience of
feasibility during the pilot study, we were able to develop
the iCBT approach and the current study will investigate
treatment effectiveness. Building up an iCBT approach,
resembling traditional in-office face-to-face therapy, may
ensure the achievement of well-known therapy effect factors,
the acceptance in both patients and clinicians, and the wide
distribution within the health system. TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05037344 . Registered May 2019, last
release August 13th, 2021.},
Doi = {10.1186/s13063-022-06062-w},
Key = {fds362406}
}
@article{fds364013,
Author = {Webb, SJ and Emerman, I and Sugar, C and Senturk, D and Naples, AJ and Faja, S and Benton, J and Borland, H and Carlos, C and Levin, AR and McAllister, T and Santhosh, M and Bernier, RA and Chawarska, K and Dawson, G and Dziura, J and Jeste, S and Kleinhans, N and Murias, M and Sabatos-DeVito, M and Shic, F and McPartland, JC and Autism
Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials},
Title = {Identifying Age Based Maturation in the ERP Response to
Faces in Children With Autism: Implications for Developing
Biomarkers for Use in Clinical Trials.},
Journal = {Front Psychiatry},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {841236},
Year = {2022},
Abstract = {Recent proposals have suggested the potential for neural
biomarkers to improve clinical trial processes in
neurodevelopmental conditions; however, few efforts have
identified whether chronological age-based adjustments will
be necessary (as used in standardized behavioral
assessments). Event-related potentials (ERPs) demonstrate
early differences in the processing of faces vs. objects in
the visual processing system by 4 years of age and age-based
improvement (decreases in latency) through adolescence.
Additionally, face processing has been proposed to be
related to social skills as well as autistic
social-communication traits. While previous reports suggest
delayed latency in individuals with autism spectrum disorder
(ASD), extensive individual and age based heterogeneity
exists. In this report, we utilize a sample of 252 children
with ASD and 118 children with typical development (TD), to
assess the N170 and P100 ERP component latencies (N170L and
P100L, respectively), to upright faces, the face specificity
effect (difference between face and object processing), and
the inversion effect (difference between face upright and
inverted processing) in relation to age. First, linear mixed
models (LMMs) were fitted with fixed effect of age at
testing and random effect of participant, using all
available data points to characterize general age-based
development in the TD and ASD groups. Second, LMM models
using only the TD group were used to calculate age-based
residuals in both groups. The purpose of residualization was
to assess how much variation in ASD participants could be
accounted for by chronological age-related changes. Our data
demonstrate that the N170L and P100L responses to upright
faces appeared to follow a roughly linear relationship with
age. In the ASD group, the distribution of the age-adjusted
residual values suggest that ASD participants were more
likely to demonstrate slower latencies than would be
expected for a TD child of the same age, similar to what has
been identified using unadjusted values. Lastly, using
age-adjusted values for stratification, we found that
children who demonstrated slowed age-adjusted N170L had
lower verbal and non-verbal IQ and worse face memory. These
data suggest that age must be considered in assessing the
N170L and P100L response to upright faces as well, and these
adjusted values may be used to stratify children within the
autism spectrum.},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2022.841236},
Key = {fds364013}
}
@article{fds359115,
Author = {Babiano-Espinosa, L and Wolters, LH and Weidle, B and Compton, SN and Lydersen, S and Skokauskas, N},
Title = {Acceptability and feasibility of enhanced cognitive
behavioral therapy (eCBT) for children and adolescents with
obsessive-compulsive disorder.},
Journal = {Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {47},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a
disabling mental health disorder affecting 1-3% of children
and adolescents. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is
recommended as the first-line treatment, but is limited by
accessibility, availability, and, in some cases, response to
treatment. Enhancement with Internet technologies may
mitigate these challenges. METHODS: We developed an enhanced
CBT (eCBT) treatment package for children and adolescents
with OCD to improve treatment effect as well as
user-friendliness. This study aims to explore the
feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of
the eCBT intervention. The eCBT protocol consists of 10
face-to-face and 12 webcam sessions delivered in 14 weeks.
CBT is enhanced by a smartphone application (app) for
children and parents to support and monitor treatment,
psychoeducative videos, and therapist-guided webcam exposure
exercises conducted at home. Assessments were performed at
baseline, post-treatment, and at 3- and 6-month follow-up.
Primary measures of outcomes were the the Client
Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (CSQ-8) (acceptability),
treatment drop-out (feasibility) and the Children's
Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) (preliminary
effectiveness). RESULTS: This paper describes 25 patients
with OCD (aged 8-17 years) treated with eCBT. Results
indicated that children and parents were satisfied with
eCBT, with CSQ-8 mean scores of 27.58 (SD 0.67) and 29.5 (SD
3.74), respectively (range 8-32). No patients dropped out
from treatment. We found a mean of 63.8% symptom reduction
on the CY-BOCS from baseline to post-treatment. CY-BOCS
scores further decreased during 3-month and 6-month
follow-up. CONCLUSION: In this explorative study, eCBT for
pediatric OCD was a feasible, acceptable intervention
demonstrating positive treatment outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1186/s13034-021-00400-7},
Key = {fds359115}
}
@article{fds358055,
Author = {Perochon, S and Di Martino and M and Aiello, R and Baker, J and Carpenter,
K and Chang, Z and Compton, S and Davis, N and Eichner, B and Espinosa, S and Flowers, J and Franz, L and Gagliano, M and Harris, A and Howard, J and Kollins, SH and Perrin, EM and Raj, P and Spanos, M and Walter, B and Sapiro, G and Dawson, G},
Title = {A scalable computational approach to assessing response to
name in toddlers with autism.},
Journal = {J Child Psychol Psychiatry},
Volume = {62},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1120-1131},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: This study is part of a larger research program
focused on developing objective, scalable tools for digital
behavioral phenotyping. We evaluated whether a digital app
delivered on a smartphone or tablet using computer vision
analysis (CVA) can elicit and accurately measure one of the
most common early autism symptoms, namely failure to respond
to a name call. METHODS: During a pediatric primary care
well-child visit, 910 toddlers, 17-37 months old, were
administered an app on an iPhone or iPad consisting of brief
movies during which the child's name was called three times
by an examiner standing behind them. Thirty-seven toddlers
were subsequently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder
(ASD). Name calls and children's behavior were recorded by
the camera embedded in the device, and children's head turns
were coded by both CVA and a human. RESULTS: CVA coding of
response to name was found to be comparable to human coding.
Based on CVA, children with ASD responded to their name
significantly less frequently than children without ASD. CVA
also revealed that children with ASD who did orient to their
name exhibited a longer latency before turning their head.
Combining information about both the frequency and the delay
in response to name improved the ability to distinguish
toddlers with and without ASD. CONCLUSIONS: A digital app
delivered on an iPhone or iPad in real-world settings using
computer vision analysis to quantify behavior can reliably
detect a key early autism symptom-failure to respond to
name. Moreover, the higher resolution offered by CVA
identified a delay in head turn in toddlers with ASD who did
respond to their name. Digital phenotyping is a promising
methodology for early assessment of ASD symptoms.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.13381},
Key = {fds358055}
}
@article{fds359116,
Author = {Hollmann, K and Allgaier, K and Hohnecker, CS and Lautenbacher, H and Bizu, V and Nickola, M and Wewetzer, G and Wewetzer, C and Ivarsson, T and Skokauskas, N and Wolters, LH and Skarphedinsson, G and Weidle, B and de
Haan, E and Torp, NC and Compton, SN and Calvo, R and Lera-Miguel, S and Haigis, A and Renner, TJ and Conzelmann, A},
Title = {Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in children and
adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder: a
feasibility study.},
Journal = {J Neural Transm (Vienna)},
Volume = {128},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1445-1459},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first choice of
treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children
and adolescents. However, there is often a lack of access to
appropriate treatment close to the home of the patients. An
internet-based CBT via videoconferencing could facilitate
access to state-of-the-art treatment even in remote areas.
The aim of this study was to investigate feasibility and
acceptability of this telemedical approach. A total of nine
children received 14 sessions of CBT. The first session took
place face-to-face, the remaining 13 sessions via
videoconference. OCD symptoms were recorded with a
smartphone app and therapy materials were made accessible in
a data cloud. We assessed diagnostic data before and after
treatment and obtained measures to feasibility, treatment
satisfaction and acceptability. Outcomes showed high
acceptance and satisfaction on the part of patients with
online treatment (89%) and that face-to-face therapy was not
preferred over an internet-based approach (67%). The
majority of patients and their parents classified the
quality of treatment as high. They emphasized the usefulness
of exposures with response prevention (E/RP) in triggering
situations at home. The app itself was rated as easy to
operate and useful. In addition to feasibility, a
significant decrease in obsessive-compulsive symptoms was
also achieved. Internet-based CBT for pediatric OCD is
feasible and well received by the patients and their
parents. Furthermore, obsessive-compulsive symptomatology
decreased in all patients. The results of this study are
encouraging and suggest the significance of further research
regarding this technology-supported approach, with a
specific focus on efficacy.Trial registration number:
Clinical trials AZ53-5400.1-004/44.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00702-021-02409-w},
Key = {fds359116}
}
@article{fds359117,
Author = {Kolitsopoulos, F and Ramaker, S and Compton, S and Broderick, S and Orazem, J and Bao, W and Lokhnygina, Y and Chappell,
P},
Title = {Sertraline Pediatric Registry for the Evaluation of Safety:
Design and Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Patients
Prescribed Sertraline.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {31},
Number = {6},
Pages = {411-420},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {Objectives: To describe the study design and clinical
characteristics of patients in the Sertraline Pediatric
RegIstry for The Evaluation of Safety (SPRITES). Methods:
SPRITES is an open-label postmarketing study of development
and safety outcomes in patients aged 6 to 16 years treated
with sertraline (with or without psychotherapy) compared
with psychotherapy alone for up to 3 years in the United
States. Baseline data included demographics and psychiatric
history. Primary outcomes included measures of cognitive and
emotional development (Trails B, Behavior Rating Inventory
of Executive Function [BRIEF]), physical development (height
and weight), and pubertal status (Tanner Stage). Data were
also collected on present/lifetime risk of suicide-related
events using the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale.
Results: SPRITES enrolled 941 patients between the ages of 6
and 16 years. Patients' baseline mean age was 11.9 years
(2.9), 57.2% were female, and 84.8% were white. Most
patients (78.4%) had an anxiety disorder, and 15.6% were
diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The mean age
at onset of first mental illness was 7.9 years. A higher
percentage of sertraline-treated patients compared with
patients who received no pharmacological treatment received
prior psychotherapy (59.0% vs. 34.4%, p < 0.001),
psychotropic medications for a psychiatric disorder (14.1%
vs. 3.3%, p < 0.001), and other non-sertraline selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors (8.6% vs. 1.2%,
p < 0.001). Most patients were moderately ill on the
Clinical Global Impressions-Severity scale, and a higher
(p < 0.001) percentage of sertraline-treated patients
had a moderate-to-severe mental illness score compared with
the no pharmacological treatment group (73.0% vs. 57.8%,
respectively). Although patients at high and imminent risk
of a suicidal event were excluded at study entry, the
sertraline-treated patients reported higher levels of
lifetime suicidal behavior compared with patients treated
with no pharmacological treatment (5.8% vs. 2.5%,
p = 0.039). Conclusions: Baseline data from this
nonrandomized observational study suggest that patients
prescribed sertraline are reflective of a more mentally ill
study population compared with patients receiving
psychotherapy. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT01302080.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2020.0170},
Key = {fds359117}
}
@article{fds357891,
Author = {Chang, Z and Di Martino and JM and Aiello, R and Baker, J and Carpenter, K and Compton, S and Davis, N and Eichner, B and Espinosa, S and Flowers, J and Franz, L and Harris, A and Howard, J and Perochon, S and Perrin, EM and Krishnappa Babu and PR and Spanos, M and Sullivan, C and Walter, BK and Kollins, SH and Dawson, G and Sapiro, G},
Title = {Computational Methods to Measure Patterns of Gaze in
Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder.},
Journal = {JAMA Pediatr},
Volume = {175},
Number = {8},
Pages = {827-836},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Atypical eye gaze is an early-emerging symptom
of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and holds promise for
autism screening. Current eye-tracking methods are expensive
and require special equipment and calibration. There is a
need for scalable, feasible methods for measuring eye gaze.
OBJECTIVE: Using computational methods based on computer
vision analysis, we evaluated whether an app deployed on an
iPhone or iPad that displayed strategically designed brief
movies could elicit and quantify differences in eye-gaze
patterns of toddlers with ASD vs typical development.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A prospective study in
pediatric primary care clinics was conducted from December
2018 to March 2020, comparing toddlers with and without ASD.
Caregivers of 1564 toddlers were invited to participate
during a well-child visit. A total of 993 toddlers (63%)
completed study measures. Enrollment criteria were aged 16
to 38 months, healthy, English- or Spanish-speaking
caregiver, and toddler able to sit and view the app.
Participants were screened with the Modified Checklist for
Autism in Toddlers-Revised With Follow-up during routine
care. Children were referred by their pediatrician for
diagnostic evaluation based on results of the checklist or
if the caregiver or pediatrician was concerned. Forty
toddlers subsequently were diagnosed with ASD. EXPOSURES: A
mobile app displayed on a smartphone or tablet. MAIN
OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Computer vision analysis quantified
eye-gaze patterns elicited by the app, which were compared
between toddlers with ASD vs typical development. RESULTS:
Mean age of the sample was 21.1 months (range, 17.1-36.9
months), and 50.6% were boys, 59.8% White individuals, 16.5%
Black individuals, 23.7% other race, and 16.9%
Hispanic/Latino individuals. Distinctive eye-gaze patterns
were detected in toddlers with ASD, characterized by reduced
gaze to social stimuli and to salient social moments during
the movies, and previously unknown deficits in coordination
of gaze with speech sounds. The area under the receiver
operating characteristic curve discriminating ASD vs non-ASD
using multiple gaze features was 0.90 (95% CI, 0.82-0.97).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The app reliably measured both
known and new gaze biomarkers that distinguished toddlers
with ASD vs typical development. These novel results may
have potential for developing scalable autism screening
tools, exportable to natural settings, and enabling data
sets amenable to machine learning.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.0530},
Key = {fds357891}
}
@article{fds354286,
Author = {Cervin, M and Norris, LA and Ginsburg, G and Gosch, EA and Compton, SN and Piacentini, J and Albano, AM and Sakolsky, D and Birmaher, B and Keeton,
C and Storch, EA and Kendall, PC},
Title = {The p Factor Consistently Predicts Long-Term Psychiatric and
Functional Outcomes in Anxiety-Disordered
Youth.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {60},
Number = {7},
Pages = {902-912.e5},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Pediatric anxiety disorders can have a chronic
course and are considered gateway disorders to adult
psychopathology, but no consistent predictors of long-term
outcome have been identified. A single latent symptom
dimension that reflects features shared by all mental health
disorders, the p factor, is thought to reflect mechanisms
that cut across mental disorders. Whether p predicts outcome
in youth with psychiatric disorders has not been examined.
We tested whether the p factor predicted long-term
psychiatric and functional outcomes in a large,
naturalistically followed-up cohort of anxiety-disordered
youth. METHOD: Children and adolescents enrolled in a
randomized controlled treatment trial of pediatric anxiety
were followed-up on average 6 years posttreatment and then
annually for 4 years. Structural equation modeling was used
to estimate p at baseline. Both p and previously established
predictors were modeled as predictors of long-term outcome.
RESULTS: Higher levels of p at baseline were related to more
mental health disorders, poorer functioning, and greater
impairment across all measures at all follow-up time points.
p Predicted outcome above and beyond previously identified
predictors, including diagnostic comorbidity at baseline.
Post hoc analyses showed that p predicted long-term anxiety
outcome, but not acute treatment outcome, suggesting that p
may be uniquely associated with long-term outcome.
CONCLUSION: Children and adolescents with anxiety disorders
who present with a liability toward broad mental health
problems may be at a higher risk for poor long-term outcome
across mental health and functional domains. Efforts to
assess and to address this broad liability may enhance
long-term outcome.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.440},
Key = {fds354286}
}
@article{fds355634,
Author = {Peris, TS and Sugar, CA and Rozenman, MS and Walkup, JT and Albano, AM and Compton, S and Sakolsky, D and Ginsburg, G and Keeton, C and Kendall,
PC and McCracken, JT and Piacentini, J},
Title = {Long-term Service Use Among Youths Previously Treated for
Anxiety Disorder.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {60},
Number = {4},
Pages = {501-512},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: (1) To describe rates of long-term service use
among subjects previously enrolled in a landmark study of
youth anxiety disorder treatment and followed into early
adulthood; (2) to examine predictors of long-term service
use; and (3) to examine the relationship between anxiety
diagnosis and service use over time. METHOD: The
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study
prospectively assessed youths treated through the
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study at ages 7-17 years
into early adulthood. A total of 319 youths (mean age 17.7,
55.2% female) previously randomized to cognitive-behavioral
therapy, sertraline, combination, or placebo for the
treatment of anxiety participated; 318 had service use data.
Four annual clinic assessments were conducted along with
telephone check-ins every 6 months. RESULTS: Overall, 65.1%
of participants endorsed receiving some form of anxiety
treatment over the course of the follow-up period, with more
subjects reporting medication use than psychotherapy; 35.2%
reported consistent use of services over the course of the
study. Overall, service use declined over time in subjects
with less severe anxiety but remained more steady in those
with recurrent/chronic symptoms. Levels of life stress and
depressive symptoms were associated with amount of service
use over time whereas treatment-related variables (type of
initial intervention, acute response, remission) were not. A
subset of youths remained chronically anxious despite
consistent service use. CONCLUSION: These findings point to
the need to develop models of care that approach anxiety
disorders as chronic health conditions in need of active
long-term management.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2020.07.911},
Key = {fds355634}
}
@article{fds349362,
Author = {Kagan, ER and Frank, HE and Norris, LA and Palitz, SA and Chiappini, EA and Knepley, MJ and Crane, ME and Phillips, KE and Ginsburg, GS and Keeton,
C and Albano, AM and Piacentini, J and Peris, T and Compton, S and Sakolsky, D and Birmaher, B and Kendall, PC},
Title = {Antidepressant Use in a 3- to 12-Year Follow-up of Anxious
Youth: Results from the CAMELS Trial.},
Journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-48},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {The current study explored whether patient characteristics
predicted patterns of antidepressant use (i.e., never used,
single episode of use, or two or more episodes) in a
naturalistic follow-up. Participants in the child/adolescent
multimodal (CAMS) extended long-term study. (n = 318)
indicated medication use over the course of eight follow-up
visits, 3-12 years after receiving treatment in CAMS. 40.6%
of participants reported never using an antidepressant
during follow-up, 41.4% reported a single episode of
antidepressant use, and 18.0% reported multiple episodes of
antidepressant use. Greater baseline anxiety severity
marginally predicted a single episode of antidepressant use;
baseline depression severity predicted multiple episodes of
use. Reasons for discontinuing antidepressants included
perceived ineffectiveness (31.8%), side effects (25.5%), and
improvement in symptoms (18.5%). Exploratory analyses
examined predictors of medication use. Findings suggest that
antidepressant use is common among anxious youth, as is
discontinuation of antidepressant use. Clinical implications
and future directions are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10578-020-00983-w},
Key = {fds349362}
}
@article{fds355575,
Author = {Crane, ME and Norris, LA and Frank, HE and Klugman, J and Ginsburg, GS and Keeton, C and Albano, AM and Piacentini, J and Peris, TS and Compton,
SN and Sakolsky, D and Birmaher, B and Kendall, PC},
Title = {Impact of treatment improvement on long-term anxiety:
Results from CAMS and CAMELS.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {89},
Number = {2},
Pages = {126-133},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This article examined associations between change
in youth and family characteristics during youth anxiety
treatment and long-term anxiety severity and overall
functioning. METHOD: Participants (N = 488; age 7-17 years;
45% male; 82% white) were randomized to 12 weeks of
cognitive behavioral therapy (Coping Cat), medication
(sertraline), their combination, or pill placebo in the
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS). A subset
participated in the naturalistic follow-up Child/Adolescent
Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study (CAMELS; n =
319; 3.70-11.83 years post-treatment). The current secondary
analyses examined how change in anxiety severity (Child
Global Impression-Severity), overall functioning (Children's
Global Assessment Scale), caregiver psychopathology (Brief
Symptom Inventory), caregiver strain (Family Burden
Assessment Scale), and family dysfunction (Brief Family
Assessment Measure) during CAMS was associated with anxiety
severity and overall functioning years later (M = 7.72
years). CAMS procedures were registered on
clinialtrials.gov. RESULTS: Improvements in factors related
to functioning (i.e., overall functioning, family
dysfunction, caregiver strain) were associated with
improvements in anxiety severity in CAMELS (|βys| ≥ .04,
ps ≤ .04). Improvements in factors related to
psychopathology (i.e., anxiety severity, caregiver
psychopathology) were associated with improvements in
overall functioning in CAMELS (|βys| ≥ .23, ps ≤ .04).
It was changes in each of the variables examined (rather
than baseline values) that predicted anxiety severity and
overall functioning. CONCLUSIONS: Both youth and family
factors play a significant role in long-term treatment
outcomes. Therapists would be wise to monitor how these
factors change throughout treatment. (PsycInfo Database
Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).},
Doi = {10.1037/ccp0000523},
Key = {fds355575}
}
@article{fds352830,
Author = {Casline, EP and Ginsburg, GS and Piacentini, J and Compton, S and Kendall, P},
Title = {Negative Life Events as Predictors of Anxiety Outcomes: An
Examination of Event Type.},
Journal = {Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol},
Volume = {49},
Number = {1},
Pages = {91-102},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Long-term follow-up studies of anxiety treatment have found
that greater exposure to negative life events (NLEs)
predicts poorer anxiety outcomes, but none have examined
whether specific types of NLEs are differentially associated
with child outcomes. This study examined the frequency of
NLEs and whether specific types of NLEs were associated with
increased risk of having an anxiety disorder 6.5 years
post randomization. Participants were 319 adolescents and
adults, ages 11 to 26 (M = 17), enrolled in
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study.
At their first follow-up visit, participants completed a
diagnostic interview and a 40-item Life Events Scale that
reflected whether specific events occurred since their last
post treatment assessment. Life events were categorized into
domains (i.e., family, academic, health, and social) via
researcher consensus. Participants reported having
experienced an average of four NLEs. Participants with an
anxiety disorder at follow-up were significantly more likely
to have failed a grade in school (OR = 5.9) and
experienced a negative change in acceptance by peers
(OR = 4.9; ps < 0.001). After controlling for
gender, age, race, and SES, a greater number of NLEs in the
academic domain increased the odds of having an anxiety
disorder at follow-up (OR = 2.4, p < 0.001). No
other domains were predictive of disorder status at
follow-up. Findings highlight the value of examining
specific NLEs in relation to the long-term child anxiety
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10802-020-00711-x},
Key = {fds352830}
}
@article{fds356951,
Author = {Harstad, S and Bjaastad, JF and Hjemdal, O and Compton, S and Waaktaar,
T and Aalberg, M},
Title = {Competence and Adherence Scale for Cognitive Behavioural
Therapy (CAS-CBT) for anxiety disorders in youth:
reliability and factor structure},
Journal = {Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy},
Volume = {49},
Number = {6},
Pages = {745-757},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Background: There has been increased research interest into
the concept of treatment integrity within psychotherapy
research. The Competence and Adherence Scale for Cognitive
Behavioural Therapy (CAS-CBT) was developed to measure
therapists’ competence and adherence in cognitive
behavioural therapy (CBT), when delivered to children and
youth with anxiety disorders. Aims: The aim of this study
was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the CAS-CBT
in a naturalistic treatment setting. Method: Ratings of 212
randomly selected sessions from a clinical effectiveness
trial for children with anxiety disorders (n = 165, mean age
= 10.46 years, SD = 1.49) were analysed to assess the
psychometric properties of CAS-CBT. Therapy format included
both individual sessions and group sessions. Results:
Internal consistency for the CAS-CBT was excellent
(Cronbach’s alpha =.88). Factor analysis suggested a
two-factor solution for the total sample, where the first
factor was related to CBT structure and session goals, and
the second factor was associated with process and relational
skills. The individual CBT treatment condition (ICBT) and
group CBT treatment condition (GCBT) showed the same factor
solution. Conclusion: The CAS-CBT is a feasible and reliable
measure for assessing competence and adherence to CBT in the
treatment of anxious children. Future research is needed to
further assess the generalizability of this scale, its
psychometric properties in different treatment populations
and with other treatment approaches, and ideally with larger
sample sizes.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1352465821000217},
Key = {fds356951}
}
@article{fds349363,
Author = {Pistorello, J and Jobes, DA and Gallop, R and Compton, SN and Locey, NS and Au, JS and Noose, SK and Walloch, JC and Johnson, J and Young, M and Dickens, Y and Chatham, P and Jeffcoat, T},
Title = {A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Collaborative
Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS) Versus
Treatment as Usual (TAU) for Suicidal College
Students.},
Journal = {Arch Suicide Res},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {765-789},
Year = {2021},
Abstract = {This randomized controlled trial compared the Collaborative
Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS) and
Treatment as Usual (TAU) for suicidal college students
within a feasibility trial. Sixty-two suicidal college
students were randomized to CAMS (n = 33) or TAU
(n = 29). We hypothesized that those receiving CAMS
would show more improvement in suicide-related measures, and
effects would be moderated by borderline personality
disorder (BPD), prior suicide attempts, and age. Both
treatment groups showed improvements in all outcome
variables; CAMS had a significantly higher impact on
depression and suicidal ideation when measured weekly during
care and was more likely than TAU to decrease hopelessness
among students with fewer BPD features, no suicide attempt
history, and older age. Conversely, TAU did better for
students with BPD features and history of multiple suicide
attempts.},
Doi = {10.1080/13811118.2020.1749742},
Key = {fds349363}
}
@article{fds349945,
Author = {Chiappini, EA and Gosch, E and Compton, SN and Olino, TM and Birmaher,
B and Sakolsky, D and Peris, TS and Piacentini, J and Albano, AM and Keeton, CP and Walkup, JT and Ginsburg, G and Kendall,
PC},
Title = {In-Session Involvement in Anxious Youth Receiving CBT
with/without Medication},
Journal = {Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral
Assessment},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {615-626},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Although in-session factors of CBT for youth anxiety (e.g.,
youth involvement; therapist behaviors) have demonstrated
significant associations with treatment outcomes, no study
has examined the role of concurrent selective-serotonin
reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) on in-session behavior affecting
youth outcomes. The combination of SSRI and CBT have
demonstrated robust outcomes over either treatment alone.
Research has also neglected to examine in-session behavior
based on treatment phase (i.e., psychoeducation, exposure)
and the association between in-session factors and treatment
outcome. Youth (N = 190) were participants in the
Children/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (Walkup et al.
New England Journal of Medicine, 359, 2753-2766, 2008) who
completed CBT; of these, n = 94 received concurrent
sertraline. Tapes of psychoeducation/skill-building (first
half) and exposure sessions (second half) were rated by
reliable coders for positive youth involvement (e.g.,
participation, understanding), negative youth involvement
(e.g., safety-behaviors, negative affect), and therapist
behaviors. Youth and therapist in-session behaviors were
examined as predictors of the trajectory of anxiety outcomes
using multilevel modeling. Medication (sertraline) was
examined as a moderator. Results indicated that positive and
negative youth involvement in CBT was significantly
associated with outcomes. Positive youth involvement during
psychoeducation and exposure sessions predicted better
outcomes, and negative youth involvement during
psychoeducation sessions predicted less favorable outcomes.
Sertraline did not moderate these findings. Therapist
behaviors were not significantly associated with outcomes,
likely due to limited variability and low frequency of
observed behaviors. Youth in-sessions behaviors are
associated with treatment outcomes in anxiety treatment.
However, medication does not appear to have a differential
impact on youth in-session behaviors.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10862-020-09810-x},
Key = {fds349945}
}
@article{fds352831,
Author = {Jensen, S and Hybel, KA and Højgaard, DRMA and Nissen, JB and Skarphedinsson, G and Torp, NC and Ivarsson, T and Weidle, B and Mortensen, EL and Carlsen, AH and Melin, K and Compton, S and Thomsen,
PH},
Title = {The Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale's
auxiliary items: Long-term outcome},
Journal = {Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related
Disorders},
Volume = {27},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Objective: Standard assessment of pediatric
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients includes
ratings of insight, avoidance, indecisiveness, sense of
responsibility, pervasive slowness, pathological doubting,
and obsession-free intervals. The present study aims to
identify pre-treatment associations of these clinical
features to symptom severity and symptom dimensions as well
as to describe and analyze the long-term levels and
distribution in different treatment responder groups.
Method: Severity ratings as well as clinical feature ratings
were evaluated in 268 pediatric OCD patients using the
Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS)
at seven time points before, during, and up to three years
after first-line cognitive-behavioral therapy. The CY-BOCS
auxiliary items were evaluated on the basis of three symptom
severity trajectory classes: acute, slow, and limited
responders. Results: Insight, avoidance, pervasive slowness,
and obsession-free intervals were positively associated with
pre-treatment symptom severity. Symptom dimensions were
associated with different auxiliary items. At three-year
follow-up, the limited responder class had higher scores
than the acute and slow responder classes on all items
except for responsibility. Conclusion: The CY-BOCS auxiliary
items are closely related to symptom dimensions and partly
to symptom severity. The features appear to be dynamic
concepts prone to change, yet, less so in patients showing
limited long-term treatment response.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100589},
Key = {fds352831}
}
@article{fds347050,
Author = {Jensen, S and Højgaard, DRMA and Hybel, KA and Mortensen, EL and Skarphedinsson, G and Melin, K and Ivarsson, T and Nissen, JB and Weidle, B and Valderhaug, R and Torp, NC and Dahl, K and Compton, S and Thomsen, PH},
Title = {Distinct trajectories of long-term symptom severity in
pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder during and after
stepped-care treatment.},
Journal = {J Child Psychol Psychiatry},
Volume = {61},
Number = {9},
Pages = {969-978},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: First-line treatments for pediatric
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) include exposure-based
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). No studies have thus far
identified distinct classes and associated predictors of
long-term symptom severity during and after treatment. Yet,
these could form the basis for more personalized treatment
in pediatric OCD. METHOD: The study included 269 OCD
patients aged 7-17 years from the Nordic Long-term OCD
Treatment Study (NordLOTS). All participants received
stepped-care treatment starting with 14 weekly sessions of
manualized CBT. Nonresponders were randomized to either
prolonged CBT or SSRIs. Symptom severity was assessed using
the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale at
seven time points from pre- to post-treatment and over a
three-year follow-up. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA)
was performed to identify latent classes of symptom severity
trajectories. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used
to detect differences between classes and identify
predictors of trajectory class membership including several
clinical and demographic variables. TRIAL REGISTRY: Nordic
Long-term Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Treatment
Study; www.controlled-trials.com; ISRCTN66385119. RESULTS:
Three LCGA classes were identified: (a) acute, sustained
responders (54.6%); (b) slow, continued responders (23.4%);
and (c) limited long-term responders (21.9%). Class
membership was predicted by distinct baseline
characteristics pertaining to age, symptom severity,
contamination/cleaning and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS:
The LCGA suggests three distinct trajectory classes of
long-term symptom severity during and after treatment in
pediatric OCD with different clinical profiles at
pretreatment. The results point to required clinical
attention for adolescent patients with contamination/cleaning
and anxiety symptoms who do not show convincing responses to
first-line treatment even though they may have reached the
established cutoff for treatment response.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.13155},
Key = {fds347050}
}
@article{fds357862,
Author = {Dawson, G and Sun, JM and Baker, J and Carpenter, K and Compton, S and Deaver, M and Franz, L and Heilbron, N and Herold, B and Horrigan, J and Howard, J and Kosinski, A and Major, S and Murias, M and Page, K and Prasad, VK and Sabatos-DeVito, M and Sanfilippo, F and Sikich, L and Simmons, R and Song, A and Vermeer, S and Waters-Pick, B and Troy, J and Kurtzberg, J},
Title = {A Phase II Randomized Clinical Trial of the Safety and
Efficacy of Intravenous Umbilical Cord Blood Infusion for
Treatment of Children with Autism Spectrum
Disorder.},
Journal = {J Pediatr},
Volume = {222},
Pages = {164-173.e5},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether umbilical cord blood (CB)
infusion is safe and associated with improved social and
communication abilities in children with autism spectrum
disorder (ASD). STUDY DESIGN: This prospective, randomized,
placebo-controlled, double-blind study included 180 children
with ASD, aged 2-7 years, who received a single intravenous
autologous (n = 56) or allogeneic (n = 63) CB infusion
vs placebo (n = 61) and were evaluated at 6 months
postinfusion. RESULTS: CB infusion was safe and well
tolerated. Analysis of the entire sample showed no evidence
that CB was associated with improvements in the primary
outcome, social communication (Vineland Adaptive Behavior
Scales-3 [VABS-3] Socialization Domain), or the secondary
outcomes, autism symptoms (Pervasive Developmental Disorder
Behavior Inventory) and vocabulary (Expressive One-Word
Picture Vocabulary Test). There was also no overall evidence
of differential effects by type of CB infused. In a
subanalysis of children without intellectual disability
(ID), allogeneic, but not autologous, CB was associated with
improvement in a larger percentage of children on the
clinician-rated Clinical Global Impression-Improvement
scale, but the OR for improvement was not significant.
Children without ID treated with CB showed significant
improvements in communication skills (VABS-3 Communication
Domain), and exploratory measures including attention to
toys and sustained attention (eye-tracking) and increased
alpha and beta electroencephalographic power. CONCLUSIONS:
Overall, a single infusion of CB was not associated with
improved socialization skills or reduced autism symptoms.
More research is warranted to determine whether CB infusion
is an effective treatment for some children with
ASD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.011},
Key = {fds357862}
}
@article{fds346443,
Author = {Cervin, M and Storch, EA and Piacentini, J and Birmaher, B and Compton,
SN and Albano, AM and Gosch, E and Walkup, JT and Kendall,
PC},
Title = {Symptom-specific effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy,
sertraline, and their combination in a large randomized
controlled trial of pediatric anxiety disorders.},
Journal = {J Child Psychol Psychiatry},
Volume = {61},
Number = {4},
Pages = {492-502},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Pediatric anxiety disorders are highly prevalent
and associated with significant functional disabilities and
lifelong morbidity. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT),
sertraline, and their combination are effective treatments,
but little is known about how these treatments exert their
effects. METHODS: Using network intervention analysis (NIA),
we analyzed data from the largest randomized controlled
treatment trial of pediatric anxiety disorders
(Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study, NCT00052078,
clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00052078) and outlined the
causal symptom domain-specific effects of CBT, sertraline,
and their combination over the course of the 12-week
treatment while taking into account both specificity and
overlap between symptom domains. RESULTS: All active
treatments produced positive effects with the most
pronounced and consistent effects emerging in relation to
psychological distress, family interference, and avoidance.
Psychological distress was consistently the most and
physical symptoms the least central symptom domain in the
disorder network. CONCLUSIONS: All active treatments showed
beneficial effects when compared to placebo, and NIA
identified that these effects were exerted similarly across
treatments and primarily through a reduction of
psychological distress, family interference, and avoidance.
CBT and sertraline may have differential mechanisms of
action in relation to psychological distress. Given the lack
of causal effects on interference outside family and
physical symptoms, interventions tailored to target these
domains may aid in the building of more effective
treatments. Psychological distress and avoidance should
remain key treatment focuses because of their central roles
in the disorder network. The findings inform and promote
developing more effective interventions.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.13124},
Key = {fds346443}
}
@article{fds366293,
Author = {Makover, HB and Kendall, PC and Olino, T and Carper, MM and Albano, AM and Piacentini, J and Peris, T and Langley, AK and Gonzalez, A and Ginsburg,
GS and Compton, S and Birmaher, B and Sakolsky, D and Keeton, C and Walkup,
J},
Title = {Mediators of youth anxiety outcomes 3 to 12 years after
treatment.},
Journal = {J Anxiety Disord},
Volume = {70},
Pages = {102188},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Test changes in perceived coping efficacy,
negative self-statements, and interpretive biases to threat
during treatment as potential mediators of the relationship
between randomly assigned treatment conditions and long-term
anxiety follow-ups. Age at randomization was also tested as
a moderator of mediational relationships. METHOD:
Participants included 319 youth (ages 7-17) from the
Child/Adolescent Multimodal Study (CAMS) who participated in
a naturalistic follow-up beginning an average of 6.5 years
after the end of the CAMS intervention. The intervention
conditions included cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT;
Coping Cat), pharmacotherapy (sertraline), combined CBT and
sertraline, and pill placebo. Putative mediators were
measured four times during the intervention phase. Follow-up
consisted of four annual assessments of current anxiety.
RESULTS: Reductions on a measure of interpretive bias to
threat over the course of the combined condition
intervention, as compared to the placebo condition, mediated
anxiety outcomes at the first follow-up visit. This mediated
effect was not significant for the CBT-only or
sertraline-only conditions when compared to the placebo
condition. No other significant mediated effects were found
for putative mediators. Age did not significantly moderate
any mediated effects. CONCLUSION: Changes in youth-reported
interpretive biases to threat over the course of combined
youth anxiety interventions, as compared to a placebo
intervention, may be associated with lower anxiety an
average of 6.5 years following treatment.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102188},
Key = {fds366293}
}
@article{fds345469,
Author = {Wu, MS and Caporino, NE and Peris, TS and Pérez, J and Thamrin, H and Albano, AM and Kendall, PC and Walkup, JT and Birmaher, B and Compton,
SN and Piacentini, J},
Title = {The Impact of Treatment Expectations on Exposure Process and
Treatment Outcome in Childhood Anxiety Disorders.},
Journal = {J Abnorm Child Psychol},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {79-89},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This study examined the relationship between caregivers' and
youths' treatment expectations and characteristics of
exposure tasks (quantity, mastery, compliance) in
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for childhood anxiety.
Additionally, compliance with exposure tasks was tested as a
mediator of the relationship between treatment expectations
and symptom improvement. Data were from youth (N = 279;
7-17 years old) enrolled in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Study (CAMS) and randomized to
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or the combination of CBT
and sertraline for the treatment of separation anxiety
disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social phobia.
Caregivers and youth independently reported treatment
expectations prior to randomization, anxiety was assessed
pre- and post-treatment by independent evaluators blind to
treatment condition, and exposure characteristics were
recorded by the cognitive-behavioral therapists following
each session. For both caregivers and youths, more positive
expectations that anxiety would improve with treatment were
associated with greater compliance with exposure tasks, and
compliance mediated the relationship between treatment
expectations and change in anxiety symptoms following
treatment. Additionally, more positive parent treatment
expectations were related to a greater number and percentage
of sessions with exposure. More positive youth treatment
expectations were associated with greater mastery during
sessions focused on exposure. Findings underscore the
importance of addressing parents' and youths' treatment
expectations at the outset of therapy to facilitate
engagement in exposure and maximize therapeutic
gains.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10802-019-00574-x},
Key = {fds345469}
}
@article{fds346442,
Author = {Bai, S and Ricketts, EJ and Thamrin, H and Piacentini, J and Albano, AM and Compton, SN and Ginsburg, GS and Sakolsky, D and Keeton, CP and Kendall,
PC and Peris, TS},
Title = {Longitudinal Study of Sleep and Internalizing Problems in
Youth Treated for Pediatric Anxiety Disorders.},
Journal = {J Abnorm Child Psychol},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {67-77},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The current study examined prospective bidirectional links
between dysregulated sleep, and anxiety and depression
severity across 4 years, among youth with a history of
anxiety disorder. Participants were 319 youth (age
11-26 years), who previously participated in a large
multisite randomized controlled trial for the treatment of
pediatric anxiety disorders, Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Study (CAMS), and subsequently enrolled in a
naturalistic follow-up, Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Extended Long-term Study (CAMELS), an average of 6.5 years
later. They participated in four annual visits that included
self-report items of dysregulated sleep and semi-structured
multi-informant interviews of anxiety and depression.
Dysregulated sleep was bidirectionally associated with
clinician-rated anxiety and depression symptom severity
across adolescence and young adulthood. However, these
bidirectional relationships were attributable to youth mean
levels of dysregulated sleep, and anxiety and depression
severity over the 4 years. Elevations in dysregulated sleep
at each visit, relative to mean levels, did not predict
worse anxiety or depression severity 1 year later. Likewise
visit-specific elevations in anxiety and depression
severity, as opposed to average levels, did not predict
higher levels of dysregulated sleep at the next visit.
Having higher levels of dysregulated sleep or more severe
internalizing problems across the four-year period, as
opposed to reporting a relative increase in symptom severity
at a particular visit, posed greater risk for poor mental
health. Interventions should continue to assess and treat
persistent sleep problems alongside anxiety and
depression.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10802-019-00582-x},
Key = {fds346442}
}
@article{fds342836,
Author = {Norris, LA and Olino, TM and Gosch, EA and Compton, SN and Piacentini,
J and Ginsburg, GS and Albano, AM and Walkup, JT and Birmaher, B and Kendall, PC},
Title = {Person-Centered Profiles Among Treatment-Seeking Children
and Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders.},
Journal = {J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol},
Volume = {49},
Number = {5},
Pages = {626-638},
Year = {2020},
Abstract = {Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to derive homogeneous
subgroups within the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Study sample (N = 488; 7-17 years, M = 10.69,
SD = 2.80) and examine whether class membership predicted
or moderated treatment response. Subgroups were identified
on baseline multi-informant measures of variables most
consistently associated with outcome (youth
anxiety/diagnosis, impairment, family psychopathology/functioning).
Subgroup membership was examined as a predictor/moderator of
outcome across the four treatment conditions (CBT,
Sertraline, CBT+Sertraline, pill placebo) at posttreatment
(12 weeks) and open-extension follow-up (24 weeks). Four
subgroups emerged: mild symptoms/impairment, moderate
symptoms/impairment, moderate symptoms/impairment with
family dysfunction/parental psychopathology, and severe
symptoms/impairment. There were significant between-class
differences on socioeconomic status (SES; lower reported SES
in the moderate with family dysfunction/parental
psychopathology class compared to the mild and moderate
class) and age (older age in the severe symptoms class
compared to the other three classes). Youth in the mild
symptoms/impairment class showed lower posttreatment anxiety
across conditions but reported significantly lower symptom
severity at baseline. Controlling for demographic
differences, response to treatment type did not differ
across classes. Analyses indicate that elevated family
dysfunction/parental psychopathology clusters primarily
within one subgroup of anxious youth rather than mapping
onto symptom severity, highlighting the utility of LPA for
clarifying within-person combinations of predictor/moderator
variables. Implications for development of interventions
targeting class-relevant variables are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1080/15374416.2019.1602839},
Key = {fds342836}
}
@article{fds345915,
Author = {O'Rourke, SR and Branford, KR and Brooks, TL and Ives, LT and Nagendran,
A and Compton, SN},
Title = {The Emotional and Behavioral Impact of Delivering Bad News
to Virtual versus Real Standardized Patients: A Pilot
Study.},
Journal = {Teach Learn Med},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {139-149},
Year = {2020},
Abstract = {Phenomenon: Virtual standardized patients (vSPs) are
becoming increasingly common in medical education, though
one limitation of vSPs is the artificiality of
computer-based simulators. Past research on the use of vSPs
has not clearly established whether learners have different
emotional responses to real SPs (rSPs) compared with vSPs;
however, understanding learners' emotional responses to vSPs
is important in providing realistic learning experiences and
establishing the validity of this teaching and assessment
tool. This study compared the emotional experiences of
individuals who interacted with rSPs and vSPs. Approach:
Sixty medical students at a medical school in the
southeastern United States participated in the study.
Participants were randomly assigned to deliver bad news to
an rSP or vSP. The vSP for this study used a hybrid
intelligence model that allowed a person to "inhabit" the
vSP. Salivary cortisol and a self-report measure of mood-the
Profile of Mood States, Second Edition (POMS 2)-were
gathered before and after delivering the bad news. The SP
and 2 independent evaluators rated the behavioral
performance of each participant in real and virtual
conditions. Participants also rated the performance of the
SP. Findings: Participants in both conditions reported
increased negative emotionality on the POMS 2 following the
SP interaction. There were no significant between-group
differences on the POMS 2 or salivary cortisol concentration
following the SP interaction. Ratings by the SP and
independent evaluators indicated that participants performed
similarly on most interpersonal dimensions, except tone of
voice. Participants perceived the vSP as less realistic than
the rSP. Insights: These results suggest that medical
students may have similar emotional and behavioral responses
when delivering bad news to a vSP when compared to an rSP.
These findings provide support for the continued use of vSPs
in training learners to deliver bad news and other
communication-based skills and to assess their performance
on these tasks.},
Doi = {10.1080/10401334.2019.1652180},
Key = {fds345915}
}
@article{fds343375,
Author = {Sanchez, AL and Comer, JS and Coxe, S and Albano, AM and Piacentini, J and Compton, SN and Ginsburg, GS and Rynn, MA and Walkup, JT and Sakolsky,
DJ and Birmaher, B and Kendall, PC},
Title = {The Effects of Youth Anxiety Treatment on School Impairment:
Differential Outcomes Across CBT, Sertraline, and their
Combination.},
Journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev},
Volume = {50},
Number = {6},
Pages = {940-949},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Youth anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and are
associated with considerable school impairment. Despite the
identification of well-supported strategies for treating
youth anxiety, research has yet to evaluate the differential
effects of these treatments on anxiety-related school
impairment. The present study leveraged data from the
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study to examine
differential treatment effects of CBT, sertraline, and their
combination (COMB), relative to placebo (PBO), on
anxiety-related school impairment among youth (N = 488).
Latent growth modeling revealed that all three active
treatments demonstrated superiority over PBO in reducing
anxiety-related school impairment over time, with COMB
showing the most robust effects. According to parent report,
medication strategies may have stronger effects on
anxiety-related school impairment among males than among
females. Results were discrepant across parents and youth.
Findings are discussed in terms of clinical implications for
anxious youth and the need for continued research to examine
treatment effects on anxiety-related school
impairment.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10578-019-00896-3},
Key = {fds343375}
}
@article{fds343763,
Author = {Norris, LA and Rifkin, LS and Olino, TM and Piacentini, J and Albano,
AM and Birmaher, B and Ginsburg, G and Walkup, J and Compton, SN and Gosch,
E and Kendall, PC},
Title = {Multi-informant Expectancies and Treatment Outcomes for
Anxiety in Youth.},
Journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev},
Volume = {50},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1002-1010},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Expectancies for a favorable treatment outcome have been
associated with actual favorable outcomes but have been
understudied in youth with anxiety. The current study
applied structural equation modeling in a sample of anxious
youth (N = 488; 7-17 years, M = 10.69,
SD = 2.80) to examine whether a multi-informant latent
expectancies factor, indicated by youth, parent, and
therapist reports, predicted a latent posttreatment anxiety
factor, controlling for a latent pretreatment anxiety
factor. Both anxiety latent factors were indicated by youth,
parent, and independent evaluator (IE) reports. Analyses
also examined whether treatment condition (cognitive
behavioral therapy, sertraline, combination, pill placebo)
moderated the association between expectancies and outcome,
and whether this association differed across development.
Findings indicated that informant reports loaded similarly
onto the latent factors. Results also demonstrated that
treatment expectancies were positively associated with
outcomes, and that this relationship held across treatment
type and age group. Treatment implications and future
research directions are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10578-019-00900-w},
Key = {fds343763}
}
@article{fds347365,
Author = {Babiano-Espinosa, L and Wolters, LH and Weidle, B and Op de Beek and V and Pedersen, SA and Compton, S and Skokauskas, N},
Title = {Acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy of Internet
cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for pediatric
obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic
review.},
Journal = {Syst Rev},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {284},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic
mental health disorder characterized by recurring obsessions
and compulsions affecting 1-3% of children and adolescents.
Current treatment options are limited by accessibility,
availability, and quality of care. New technologies provide
opportunities to address at least some of these challenges.
This paper aims to investigate the acceptability,
feasibility, and efficacy of traditional cognitive
behavioral therapy with Internet cognitive behavioral
therapy (iCBT) for pediatric OCD according to Preferred
Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
(PRISMA) guidelines. METHOD: We searched EMBASE, Medline,
PsycINFO, CENTRAL, LILACS, CINAHL, and Scopus. Results
include articles from 1987 to March 2018. Main inclusion
criteria were patients aged 4-18, primary diagnosis of OCD,
and iCBT. RESULTS: Of the 2323 unique articles identified
during the initial search, six studies with a total of 96
participants met our inclusion criteria: three randomized
controlled trials, one single-case multiple-baseline design,
one open-label trial, and one case series. Four studies
reported a significant decrease in OCD severity on the
Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS)
following iCBT, one study reported significant decrease in
CY-BOCS scores for iCBT relative to waitlist, and the case
series reported (some) symptom reduction in all
participants. Six studies reported high rates of
feasibility, and five studies reported good acceptability of
iCBT. CONCLUSION: At present, evidence regarding
acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy of iCBT for
pediatric OCD is limited. Results are promising but need to
be confirmed and refined in further research. SYSTEMATIC
REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD4201808587.},
Doi = {10.1186/s13643-019-1166-6},
Key = {fds347365}
}
@article{fds344883,
Author = {Bushnell, GA and Gaynes, BN and Compton, SN and Dusetzina, SB and Olfson, M and Stürmer, T},
Title = {Incident Substance Use Disorder Following Anxiety Disorder
in Privately Insured Youth.},
Journal = {J Adolesc Health},
Volume = {65},
Number = {4},
Pages = {536-542},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Anxiety disorders in childhood might be associated
with an increased risk of substance use disorders. Incident
substance use-related diagnoses were quantified in the 2
years after youth were newly diagnosed with an anxiety
disorder and in a similar cohort of youth without diagnosed
anxiety. METHODS: Privately insured youth (10-17 years)
were identified in a commercial claims database who were
newly diagnosed with an anxiety disorder (2005-2014),
treatment naïve, and without baseline substance-related
disorder diagnoses. The comparison cohort included age, sex,
region, and date matched youth with equivalent baseline
exclusions. We used Kaplan-Meier estimator to calculate
2-year cumulative incidence of substance use disorder
diagnosis following a new office-based anxiety disorder
diagnosis (or match date for comparison cohort). RESULTS: In
131,271 youth with a new anxiety disorder diagnosis (male =
41%, median age = 14 years), 1.5% (95% confidence
interval = 1.5-1.6) had an incident substance use disorder
diagnosis 1 year after their anxiety diagnosis, 2.9% (95%
confidence interval = 2.8-3.0) by 2 years. Over the same
period, .5% and 1.1% of the comparison cohort had incident
substance use disorder diagnoses (n = 1,321,701). In the
anxiety cohort, 2-year incidence was higher in youth aged
14-17 years (4.6%) versus 10-13 years (.7%). Incidence of
substance use diagnosis varied by anxiety disorder (e.g.,
2-year incidence: 4.3% for post-traumatic stress disorder,
3.0% for generalized anxiety disorder). CONCLUSION:
Approximately 3% of youth newly diagnosed with anxiety
received an incident substance use disorder diagnosis within
2 years, almost threefold the incidence in youth without an
anxiety diagnosis, emphasizing the need for increased
awareness and prevention of substance-related disorders in
pediatric anxiety.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.05.007},
Key = {fds344883}
}
@article{fds345468,
Author = {Keeton, CP and Caporino, NE and Kendall, PC and Iyengar, S and Lee, P and Peris, T and Sakolsky, D and Piacentini, J and Compton, SN and Albano,
AM and Birmaher, B and Ginsburg, GS},
Title = {Mood and suicidality outcomes 3-11 years following pediatric
anxiety disorder treatment.},
Journal = {Depress Anxiety},
Volume = {36},
Number = {10},
Pages = {930-940},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Youth anxiety interventions have potential to
reduce risk for depression and suicidality. METHODS: This
naturalistic follow-up of the multi-site, comparative
treatment trial, inking and behavior, and depressive
symptoms 3-11 years (mean 6.25 years) following 12-week
evidence-based youth anxiety treatment. Participants
(N = 319; 10-26 years, mean 17 years) completed
semiannual questionnaires and annual diagnostic interviews
for 4 years. RESULTS: One-fifth (20.4%) of the sample met
DSM-IV criteria for a mood disorder, 32.1% endorsed suicidal
ideation, and 8.2% reported suicidal behavior. Latent class
growth analysis yielded two linear trajectories of
depressive symptoms, and 85% of the sample demonstrated a
persistent low-symptom course over seven assessments.
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS) 12-week
treatment outcome (positive response, remission) and
treatment condition (cognitive behavior therapy [CBT],
medication, CBT + medication, pill placebo) were not
associated with subsequent mood disorder or suicidal
thinking. CAMS remission predicted absence of suicidal
behavior, and treatment response and remission predicted low
depressive symptom trajectory. Greater baseline
self-reported depressive symptoms predicted all long-term
mood outcomes, and more negative life events predicted
subsequent mood disorder, depressive symptom trajectory, and
suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS: Effective early treatment of
youth anxiety, including CBT, medication, or
CBT + medication, reduces risk for subsequent chronic
depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. Attention to
(sub)clinical depressive symptoms and management of negative
life events may reduce odds of developing a mood disorder,
chronic depressive symptoms, and suicidality. Findings
contribute to evidence that early intervention for a primary
disorder can serve as secondary prevention.},
Doi = {10.1002/da.22944},
Key = {fds345468}
}
@article{fds340611,
Author = {Carpenter, KLH and Baranek, GT and Copeland, WE and Compton, S and Zucker, N and Dawson, G and Egger, HL},
Title = {Sensory Over-Responsivity: An Early Risk Factor for Anxiety
and Behavioral Challenges in Young Children.},
Journal = {J Abnorm Child Psychol},
Volume = {47},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1075-1088},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Anxiety disorders are prevalent and significantly impact
young children and their families. One hypothesized risk
factor for anxiety is heightened responses to sensory input.
Few studies have explored this hypothesis prospectively.
This study had two goals: (1) examine whether sensory
over-responsivity is predictive of the development of
anxiety in a large prospective sample of children, and (2)
identify whether anxiety mediates the relationship between
sensory over-responsivity and behavioral challenges.
Children's sensory and anxiety symptoms were assessed in a
community sample of 917 at 2-5 and again in 191 of these
children at 6 years old. Parents also reported on a number
of additional behavioral challenges previously found to be
associated with both sensory over-responsivity and anxiety
separately: irritability, food selectivity, sleep problems,
and gastrointestinal problems. Forty three percent of
preschool children with sensory over-responsivity also had a
concurrent impairing anxiety disorder. Preschool sensory
over-responsivity symptoms significantly and positively
predicted anxiety symptoms at age six. This relationship was
both specific and unidirectional. Finally, school-age
anxiety symptoms mediated the relationship between preschool
sensory over-responsivity symptoms and both irritability and
sleep problems at school-age. These results suggest sensory
over-responsivity is a risk factor for anxiety disorders.
Furthermore, children who have symptoms of sensory
over-responsivity as preschoolers have higher levels of
anxiety symptoms at school-age, which in turn is associated
with increased levels of school-age behavioral
challenges.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10802-018-0502-y},
Key = {fds340611}
}
@article{fds342200,
Author = {Bushnell, GA and Dusetzina, SB and Compton, SN and Gaynes, BN and Brookhart, MA and Stürmer, T},
Title = {Psychotherapy Claims Surrounding Pharmacotherapy Initiation
in Children and Adolescents with Anxiety
Disorders.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {100-106},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Psychotherapy is an effective, recommended
treatment for pediatric anxiety disorders. Nevertheless,
individuals with mental health conditions often do not
receive psychotherapy, with variation across provider types.
This study sought to examine psychotherapy claims
surrounding medication initiation in U.S. children with
diagnosed anxiety disorders. METHODS: The study cohort
included privately insured children (3-17 years) with a
diagnosed anxiety disorder initiating a medication to treat
anxiety from 2004 to 2014. We examined psychotherapy claims
in the 3 months before and 3 months after medication
initiation and described children with multiple (2+)
psychotherapy claims per 3-month period. RESULTS: Of the
75,024 children initiating a medication for anxiety (median
age = 14 years, 58% female), 35% had multiple
psychotherapy claims before medication initiation, with
variation by age, anxiety disorder, and psychiatric
comorbidity and with little change across time.
Psychotherapy claims after medication initiation varied by
whether the child had prior psychotherapy: 80% in children
with prior psychotherapy and 30% in children without prior
psychotherapy claims (44% of children diagnosed by a
psychiatrist, 21% of children diagnosed by a pediatrician).
CONCLUSION: Many privately insured children do not have
claims for psychotherapy before or after pharmacotherapy
initiation for anxiety. Findings can inform future research
and efforts to ultimately increase appropriate psychotherapy
utilization in children with anxiety disorders.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2018.0108},
Key = {fds342200}
}
@article{fds339604,
Author = {Bushnell, GA and Gaynes, BN and Compton, SN and Dusetzina, SB and Brookhart, MA and Stürmer, T},
Title = {Incidence of mental health hospitalizations, treated
self-harm, and emergency room visits following new anxiety
disorder diagnoses in privately insured U.S.
children.},
Journal = {Depress Anxiety},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {179-189},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are one of the most common
mental illnesses in children and associated with high
healthcare utilization. We aimed to estimate 2-year
cumulative incidence of mental health-related
hospitalizations, treated self-harm, and emergency room (ER)
visits in children newly diagnosed with anxiety disorders
and, for context, in children without anxiety disorders.
METHODS: We identified commercially insured treatment naïve
children (3-17 years) with a new office-based anxiety
disorder diagnosis (ICD-9-CM) from 2005-2014 in the
MarketScan claims database. We followed children for up to 2
years after diagnosis for the first of each event: mental
health-related hospitalization, inpatient, treated
self-harm, and ER visits (any, anxiety-related,
injury-related). Children without anxiety diagnoses were
included as comparators, matched on age, sex, date, and
region. We estimated cumulative incidence of each event
using Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: From 2005-2014, we
identified 198,450 children with a new anxiety diagnosis.
One-year after anxiety diagnosis, 2.0% of children had a
mental health-related hospitalization, 0.08% inpatient,
treated self-harm, 1.4% anxiety-related ER visit, and 20%
any ER visit; incidence was highest in older children with
baseline comorbid depression. One-year cumulative incidence
of each event was lower in the comparison cohort without
anxiety (e.g., mental health-related hospitalizations = 0.5%,
treated self-harm = 0.01%, and ER visits = 13%).
CONCLUSIONS: Given the prevalence of anxiety disorders,
2-year incidence estimates translate to a significant number
of children experiencing each event. Our findings offer
caregivers, providers, and patients information to better
understand the burden of anxiety disorders and can help
anticipate healthcare utilization and inform efforts to
prevent these serious events.},
Doi = {10.1002/da.22849},
Key = {fds339604}
}
@article{fds326330,
Author = {Lee, P and Zehgeer, A and Ginsburg, GS and McCracken, J and Keeton, C and Kendall, PC and Birmaher, B and Sakolsky, D and Walkup, J and Peris, T and Albano, AM and Compton, S},
Title = {Child and Adolescent Adherence With Cognitive Behavioral
Therapy for Anxiety: Predictors and Associations With
Outcomes.},
Journal = {J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol},
Volume = {48},
Number = {sup1},
Pages = {S215-S226},
Year = {2019},
Abstract = {Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders is
effective, but nonadherence with treatment may reduce the
benefits of CBT. This study examined (a) four baseline
domains (i.e., demographic, youth clinical characteristics,
therapy related, family/parent factors) as predictors of
youth adherence with treatment and (b) the associations
between youth adherence and treatment outcomes. Data were
from 279 youth (7-17 years of age, 51.6% female; 79.6%
White, 9% African American), with Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.) diagnoses of
separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder,
and/or social phobia, who participated in CBT in the
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study. Adherence was
defined in three ways (session attendance, therapist-rated
compliance, and homework completion). Multiple regressions
revealed several significant predictors of youth adherence
with CBT, but predictors varied according to the definition
of adherence. The most robust predictors of greater
adherence were living with both parents and fewer youth
comorbid externalizing disorders. With respect to outcomes,
therapist ratings of higher youth compliance with CBT
predicted several indices of favorable outcome: lower
anxiety severity, higher global functioning, and treatment
responder status after 12 weeks of CBT. Number of sessions
attended and homework completion did not predict treatment
outcomes. Findings provide information about risks for youth
nonadherence, which can inform treatment and highlight the
importance of youth compliance with participating in therapy
activities, rather than just attending sessions or
completing homework assignments.},
Doi = {10.1080/15374416.2017.1310046},
Key = {fds326330}
}
@article{fds348089,
Author = {Neal-Barnett, A and Woods, DW and Espil, FM and Davis, M and Alexander,
JR and Compton, SN and Walther, MR and Twohig, MP and Saunders, SM and Cahill, SP and Franklin, ME},
Title = {Acceptance-enhanced behavior therapy for trichotillomania:
Randomized controlled trial rationale, method, and
strategies for recruiting minority participants.},
Journal = {Bull Menninger Clin},
Volume = {83},
Number = {4},
Pages = {399-431},
Year = {2019},
Abstract = {Trichotillomania (TTM) involves the chronic pulling out of
hair to the point of hair loss or thinning, which continues
despite repeated attempts to stop. Behavior therapy is a
promising treatment for the condition, but studies have been
limited by the lack of a credible control condition, small
sample sizes, follow-up periods of short duration, and low
participation by underrepresented populations. In the
current article, the authors describe the theoretical
rationale for an acceptance-enhanced form of behavior
therapy for TTM in adults and describe the methodology used
to test the efficacy of this intervention against a
psychoeducation and supportive control condition. In
addition, the authors discuss the importance of and
difficulties encountered with enrolling minority
participants into TTM research, as well as strategies used
to enhance minority recruitment. Finally, the authors
discuss the instruments, procedures, and related outcomes of
the fidelity measures used in the randomized controlled
trial.},
Doi = {10.1521/bumc_2019_83_04},
Key = {fds348089}
}
@article{fds341760,
Author = {Murias, M and Major, S and Compton, S and Buttinger, J and Sun, JM and Kurtzberg, J and Dawson, G},
Title = {Electrophysiological Biomarkers Predict Clinical Improvement
in an Open-Label Trial Assessing Efficacy of Autologous
Umbilical Cord Blood for Treatment of Autism.},
Journal = {Stem Cells Transl Med},
Volume = {7},
Number = {11},
Pages = {783-791},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {This study was a phase I, single-center, and open-label
trial of a single intravenous infusion of autologous
umbilical cord blood in young children with autism spectrum
disorder (ASD). Twenty-five children between the ages of 2
and 6 with a confirmed diagnosis of ASD and a qualified
banked autologous umbilical cord blood unit were enrolled.
Safety results and clinical outcomes measured at 6 and 12
months post-infusion have been previously published. The
purpose of the present analysis was to explore whether
measures of electroencephalography (EEG) theta, alpha, and
beta power showed evidence of change after treatment and
whether baseline EEG characteristics were predictive of
clinical improvement. The primary endpoint was the
parent-reported Vineland adaptive behavior scales-II
socialization subscale score, collected at baseline, 6- and
12-month visits. In addition, the expressive one word
picture vocabulary test 4 and the clinical global
impression-improvement scale were administered.
Electrophysiological recordings were taken during viewing of
dynamic social and nonsocial stimuli at 6 and 12 months
post-treatment. Significant changes in EEG spectral
characteristics were found by 12 months post-infusion, which
were characterized by increased alpha and beta power and
decreased EEG theta power. Furthermore, higher baseline
posterior EEG beta power was associated with a greater
degree of improvement in social communication symptoms,
highlighting the potential for an EEG biomarker to predict
variation in outcome. Taken together, the results suggest
that EEG measures may be useful endpoints for future ASD
clinical trials. Stem Cells Translational Medicine
2018;7:783-791.},
Doi = {10.1002/sctm.18-0090},
Key = {fds341760}
}
@article{fds339514,
Author = {Gonzalez, A and Rozenman, M and Langley, AK and Kendall, PC and Ginsburg, GS and Compton, S and Walkup, JT and Birmaher, B and Albano,
AM and Piacentini, J},
Title = {Correction to: Social Interpretation Bias in Children and
Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders: Psychometric Examination
of the Self-report of Ambiguous Social Situations for Youth
(SASSY) Scale (Child & Youth Care Forum, (2017), 46, 3,
(395-412), 10.1007/s10566-016-9381-y)},
Journal = {Child and Youth Care Forum},
Volume = {47},
Number = {5},
Pages = {769-770},
Publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {The original version of this article unfortunately contains
the following errors. This has been corrected with this
erratum.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10566-018-9466-x},
Key = {fds339514}
}
@article{fds337698,
Author = {Swan, AJ and Kendall, PC and Olino, T and Ginsburg, G and Keeton, C and Compton, S and Piacentini, J and Peris, T and Sakolsky, D and Birmaher,
B and Albano, AM},
Title = {Results from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Longitudinal Study (CAMELS): Functional outcomes.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {86},
Number = {9},
Pages = {738-750},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To report functional outcomes from the multisite
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study
(CAMELS), which examined the impact of youth anxiety
treatment (cognitive-behavioral therapy [CBT], coping cat;
Sertraline, SRT; COMB [CBT + SRT]; pill placebo) on (a)
global and (b) domain-specific functioning assessed an
average of 3.1 times, 3- to 12-years postrandomization
(first assessment = mean 6.5 years postrandomization).
METHOD: Three-hundred and 19 of 488 families from the
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS; Walkup et
al., 2008) participated. Growth curve modeling examined the
impact of treatment condition and acute treatment outcomes
(i.e., response, remission) on global functioning, global
and domain-specific impairment, and life satisfaction across
follow-up visits. Logistic regressions explored the impact
of treatment remission and condition on low frequency events
(arrests/convictions) and education. RESULTS: Treatment
responders and remitters demonstrated better global
functioning, decreased overall impairment, and increased
life satisfaction at follow-up. Treatment remission, but not
response, predicted decreased domain-specific impairment
(social relationships, self-care/independence, academic
functioning), and maintenance of increased life satisfaction
across follow-ups. Participants in the CBT condition,
compared with pill placebo, demonstrated improved
trajectories pertaining to life satisfaction, overall
impairment, and impairment in academic functioning.
Randomization to CBT or COMB treatment was associated with
increasing employment rates. Trajectories for participants
randomized to SRT was not significantly different from
placebo. Treatment outcome and condition did not predict
legal outcomes, school/work variables, or family life.
CONCLUSION: Positive early intervention outcomes are
associated with improved overall functioning, life
satisfaction, and functioning within specific domains 6.5
years posttreatment. Treatment type differentially predicted
trajectories of functioning. Findings support the positive
impact of pediatric anxiety treatment into adolescence and
early adulthood. (PsycINFO Database Record},
Doi = {10.1037/ccp0000334},
Key = {fds337698}
}
@article{fds337699,
Author = {Villabø, MA and Narayanan, M and Compton, SN and Kendall, PC and Neumer, S-P},
Title = {Cognitive-behavioral therapy for youth anxiety: An
effectiveness evaluation in community practice.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {86},
Number = {9},
Pages = {751-764},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of individual
cognitive-behavioral therapy (ICBT) and group CBT (GCBT) for
referred children with anxiety disorders within community
mental health clinics. METHOD: Children (N = 165; ages 7-13
years) referred to 5 clinics in Norway because of primary
separation anxiety disorder (SAD), social anxiety disorder
(SOC), or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) based on
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th
ed., text rev.) criteria participated in a randomized
clinical trial. Participants were randomized to ICBT, GCBT,
or wait list (WL). WL participants were randomized to 1 of
the 2 active treatment conditions following the wait period.
Primary outcome was loss of principal anxiety disorder over
12 weeks and 2-year follow-up. RESULTS: Both ICBT and GCBT
were superior to WL on all outcomes. In the intent-to-treat
analysis, 52% in ICBT, 65% in GCBT, and 14% in WL were
treatment responders. Planned pairwise comparisons found no
significant differences between ICBT and GCBT. GCBT was
superior to ICBT for children diagnosed with SOC.
Improvement continued during 2-year follow-up with no
significant between-groups differences. CONCLUSIONS: Among
anxiety disordered children, both individual and group CBT
can be effectively delivered in community clinics. Response
rates were similar to those reported in efficacy trials.
Although GCBT was more effective than ICBT for children with
SOC following treatment, both treatments were comparable at
2-year follow-up. Dropout rates were lower in GCBT than in
ICBT, suggesting that GCBT may be better tolerated. Response
rates continued to improve over the follow-up period, with
low rates of relapse. (PsycINFO Database
Record},
Doi = {10.1037/ccp0000326},
Key = {fds337699}
}
@article{fds336055,
Author = {Ginsburg, GS and Becker-Haimes, EM and Keeton, C and Kendall, PC and Iyengar, S and Sakolsky, D and Albano, AM and Peris, T and Compton, SN and Piacentini, J},
Title = {Results From the Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Extended Long-Term Study (CAMELS): Primary
Anxiety Outcomes.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {57},
Number = {7},
Pages = {471-480},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To report anxiety outcomes from the multisite
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study
(CAMELS). Rates of stable anxiety remission (defined
rigorously as the absence of all DSM-IV TR anxiety disorders
across all follow-up years) and predictors of anxiety
remission across a 4-year period, beginning 4 to 12 years
after randomization to 12 weeks of medication,
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), their combination, or
pill placebo were examined. Examined predictors of remission
included acute treatment response, treatment assignment,
baseline child and family variables, and interim negative
life events. METHOD: Data were from 319 youths (age range
10.9-25.2 years; mean age 17.12 years) originally diagnosed
with separation, social, and/or generalized anxiety
disorders and enrolled in the multi-site Child/Adolescent
Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS). Participants were assessed
annually by independent evaluators using the age-appropriate
version of the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule and
completed questionnaires (eg, about family functioning, life
events, and mental health service use). RESULTS: Almost 22%
of youth were in stable remission, 30% were chronically ill,
and 48% were relapsers. Acute treatment responders were less
likely to be in the chronically ill group (odds ratio =
2.73; confidence interval = 1.14-6.54; p < .02); treatment
type was not associated with remission status across the
follow-up. Several variables (eg, male gender) predicted
stable remission from anxiety disorders. CONCLUSION:
Findings suggest that acute positive response to anxiety
treatment may reduce risk for chronic anxiety disability;
identified predictors can help tailor treatments to youth at
greatest risk for chronic illness. CLINICAL TRIAL
REGISTRATION INFORMATION: Child and Adolescent Anxiety
Disorders (CAMS). http://clinicaltrials.gov/;
NCT00052078.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2018.03.017},
Key = {fds336055}
}
@article{fds336057,
Author = {Bushnell, GA and Brookhart, MA and Gaynes, BN and Compton, SN and Dusetzina, SB and Stürmer, T},
Title = {Examining Parental Medication Adherence as a Predictor of
Child Medication Adherence in Pediatric Anxiety
Disorders.},
Journal = {Med Care},
Volume = {56},
Number = {6},
Pages = {510-519},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
are the recommended first-line pharmacotherapy for pediatric
anxiety disorders but adherence remains difficult to
predict. OBJECTIVES: To estimate SSRI adherence in children
with anxiety disorders and determine if prior parental
medication adherence is predictive of child high SSRI
adherence. METHODS: We identified children (3-17 y)
initiating SSRI treatment after an anxiety disorder
diagnosis in a commercial claims database (2005-2014). We
evaluated parent SSRI, statin, and antihypertensive
adherence [6-mo proportion days covered (PDC), high
adherence=PDC≥0.80] in the year before child SSRI
initiation. We estimated risk differences (RD) of child high
SSRI adherence (6-mo PDC) stratified by parent adherence and
multivariable risk ratios using modified Poisson regression.
We estimated change in c-statistic and risk reclassification
when adding parent-level covariates with child-level
covariates to predict child adherence. RESULTS: In 70,979
children with an anxiety disorder (59%=female, 14=median
age), the mean 6-month SSRI PDC was 0.72, with variation by
anxiety disorder. Overall 64% of children had high adherence
if their parent had high SSRI adherence versus 53% of
children with parents with low SSRI adherence (RD, 12%;
multivariable risk ratios, 1.17; 95% confidence interval,
1.14-1.20). Findings were similar for parent statin (RD=10%)
and antihypertensive adherence (RD=8%) and when stratified
by child age and parent sex. There was minor improvement in
risk reclassification and the c-statistic after adding
parent adherence and parent-level covariates. CONCLUSIONS:
Parental medication adherence could help providers identify
children at risk of nonadherence to inform the treatment
decision, reduce unnecessary medication switches, and lead
to broader effective interventions.},
Doi = {10.1097/MLR.0000000000000911},
Key = {fds336057}
}
@article{fds336058,
Author = {Palitz, SA and Caporino, NE and McGuire, JF and Piacentini, J and Albano, AM and Birmaher, B and Walkup, JT and Compton, SN and Ginsburg,
GS and Kendall, PC},
Title = {Defining Treatment Response and Remission in Youth Anxiety:
A Signal Detection Analysis With the Multidimensional
Anxiety Scale for Children.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {57},
Number = {6},
Pages = {418-427},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the percent reduction cutoffs on the
Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) that
optimally predict treatment response and remission in youth
with anxiety disorders. METHOD: Youths and their parents
completed the MASC-C/P before and after treatment, and the
Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV-Child and
Parent Versions (ADIS-IV-C/P) and the Clinical Global
Impression-Improvement Scale (CGI-I) were administered by
independent evaluators. Treatment response and remission
were defined by post-treatment ratings on the CGI-I and the
ADIS-IV-C/P, respectively. Quality receiver operating
characteristic methods determined the optimal cutoff on the
MASC-P for predicting overall remission (loss of all study
entry diagnoses) and optimal percent reductions on the
MASC-P for predicting treatment response and remission of
separation anxiety, social anxiety, and generalized anxiety.
RESULTS: A post-treatment raw score of 42 optimally
predicted remission. A reduction of 35% on the total MASC-P
predicted treatment response. A reduction of 30% on the
Separation Anxiety/Panic subscale of the MASC-P predicted
separation anxiety remission. A reduction of 35% on the
Social Anxiety subscale of the MASC-P predicted social
anxiety remission. The MASC did not evidence a cutoff for
remission of generalized anxiety disorder. CONCLUSION: MASC
cutoffs can facilitate comparison across studies and guide
practice, aiding clinicians in assessing progress and
informing treatment plans.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2018.03.013},
Key = {fds336058}
}
@article{fds328085,
Author = {Selles, RR and Franklin, M and Sapyta, J and Compton, SN and Tommet, D and Jones, RN and Garcia, A and Freeman, J},
Title = {Children's and Parents' Ability to Tolerate Child Distress:
Impact on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Pediatric
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.},
Journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev},
Volume = {49},
Number = {2},
Pages = {308-316},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {The present study explored the concept of tolerance for
child distress in 46 children (ages 5-8), along with their
mothers and fathers, who received family-based CBT for OCD.
The study sought to describe baseline tolerance, changes in
tolerance with treatment, and the predictive impact of
tolerance on symptom improvement. Tolerance was rated by
clinicians on a single item and the CY-BOCS was used to
measure OCD severity. Descriptive results suggested that all
participants had some difficulty tolerating the child's
distress at baseline while paired t tests indicated large
improvements were made over treatment (d = 1.2-2.0).
Fathers' initial tolerance was significantly related to
symptom improvement in a multivariate regression as were
fathers' and children's changes in distress tolerance over
the course of treatment. Overall, results provide support
for examining tolerance of child distress including its
predictive impact and potential as a supplemental
intervention target.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10578-017-0748-6},
Key = {fds328085}
}
@article{fds336056,
Author = {Kiff, CJ and Ernestus, S and Gonzalez, A and Kendall, PC and Albano, AM and Compton, SN and Birmaher, B and Ginsburg, GS and Rynn, M and Walkup, JT and McCracken, J and Piacentini, J},
Title = {The Interplay of Familial and Individual Risk in Predicting
Clinical Improvements in Pediatric Anxiety
Disorders.},
Journal = {J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol},
Volume = {47},
Number = {sup1},
Pages = {S542-S554},
Year = {2018},
Abstract = {Bioecological models of developmental psychopathology
underscore the role of familial experiences of adversity and
children's individual-level characteristics in heightening
risk for pediatric anxiety through direct, combined, and
interactive effects. To date, much of the existing research
dedicated to pediatric anxiety disorders has largely been
examined in bioecological models of diathesis-stress using
community samples. This study extends our understanding of
children's differential responsiveness to familial adversity
by examining the diathesis-stress interaction of cumulative
risk and children's individual-level vulnerabilities
(negative affectivity and coping efficacy) within a
clinic-referred treatment study for pediatric anxiety
disorders. A cumulative risk index assessing exposure to
familial adversity (e.g., socioeconomic status [SES], parent
psychiatric illness) and self-reported measures of
children's negative affectivity and coping efficacy were
each measured at the intake of a randomized controlled
clinical trial for the treatment of pediatric anxiety
disorders (N = 488; 7-17 years of age). Trajectories of
interviewer-rated anxiety symptoms were assessed across 12
weeks of treatment at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and
12 weeks. Consistent with models of temperamental risk for
mental health problems, negative affectivity predicted
higher anxiety symptoms at intake. A significant
diathesis-stress interaction between cumulative risk and
coping efficacy emerged, as high risk and perceptions of
lower coping efficacy attenuated declines in anxiety across
12 weeks. These patterns did not differ across treatment
conditions. The results indicate that for youth experiencing
high levels of stress, additional treatment efforts
targeting familial stressors and coping efficacy may be
important in maximizing treatment outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1080/15374416.2018.1460848},
Key = {fds336056}
}
@article{fds336059,
Author = {Bushnell, GA and Compton, SN and Dusetzina, SB and Gaynes, BN and Brookhart, MA and Walkup, JT and Rynn, MA and Stürmer,
T},
Title = {Treating Pediatric Anxiety: Initial Use of SSRIs and Other
Antianxiety Prescription Medications.},
Journal = {J Clin Psychiatry},
Volume = {79},
Number = {1},
Year = {2018},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Multiple pharmacotherapies for treating anxiety
disorders exist, including selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs), the recommended first-line
pharmacotherapy for pediatric anxiety. We sought to describe
initial antianxiety medication use in children and estimate
how long antianxiety medications were continued. METHODS: In
a large commercial claims database, we identified children
(3-17 years) initiating prescription antianxiety medication
from 2004 to 2014 with a recent anxiety diagnosis (ICD-9-CM
= 293.84, 300.0x, 300.2x, 300.3x, 309.21, 309.81, 313.23).
We estimated the proportion of children initiating each
medication class across the study period and used
multivariable regression to evaluate factors associated with
initiation with an SSRI. We evaluated treatment length for
each initial medication class. RESULTS: Of 84,500 children
initiating antianxiety medication, 70% initiated with an
SSRI (63% [95% CI, 62%-63%] SSRI alone, 7% [95% CI, 7%-7%]
SSRI + another antianxiety medication). Non-SSRI medications
initiated included benzodiazepines (8%), non-SSRI
antidepressants (7%), hydroxyzine (4%), and atypical
antipsychotics (3%). Anxiety disorder, age, provider type,
and comorbid diagnoses were associated with initial
medication class. The proportion of children refilling their
initial medication ranged from 19% (95% CI, 18%-20%) of
hydroxyzine initiators and 25% (95% CI, 24%-26%) of
benzodiazepine initiators to 81% (95% CI, 80%-81%) of SSRI
initiators. Over half (55%, 95% CI, 55%-56%) of SSRI
initiators continued SSRI treatment for 6 months.
CONCLUSIONS: SSRIs are the most commonly used first-line
medication for pediatric anxiety disorders, with about half
of SSRI initiators continuing treatment for 6 months. Still,
a third began therapy on a non-SSRI medication, for which
there is limited evidence of effectiveness for pediatric
anxiety, and a notable proportion of children initiated with
2 antianxiety medication classes.},
Doi = {10.4088/JCP.16m11415},
Key = {fds336059}
}
@article{fds327202,
Author = {Hale, AE and Ginsburg, GS and Chan, G and Kendall, PC and McCracken, JT and Sakolsky, D and Birmaher, B and Compton, SN and Albano, AM and Walkup,
JT},
Title = {Mediators of Treatment Outcomes for Anxious Children and
Adolescents: The Role of Somatic Symptoms.},
Journal = {J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {94-104},
Year = {2018},
Abstract = {Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitors are effective treatments for pediatric
anxiety disorders. However, the mechanisms of these
treatments are unknown. Previous research indicated that
somatic symptoms are reduced following treatment, but it is
unclear if their reductions are merely a consequence of
treatment gains. This study examined reductions in somatic
symptoms as a potential mediator of the relationship between
treatment and anxiety outcomes. Participants were 488
anxious youth ages 7-17 (M = 10.7), 50.4% male, 78.9%
Caucasian, enrolled in Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Study, a large randomized control trial comparing 12-week
treatments of CBT, sertraline, a combination of CBT and
sertraline, and a pill placebo. Causal mediation models were
tested in R using data from baseline, 8-, and 12-week
evaluations. Somatic symptoms were assessed using the
Panic/Somatic subscale from the Screen for Child Anxiety
Related Emotional Disorders. Youth outcomes were assessed
using the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale and Children's
Global Assessment Scale. Reductions in somatic symptoms
mediated improvement in anxiety symptoms and global
functioning for those in the sertraline-only condition based
on parent report. Conditions involving CBT and data based on
child reported somatic symptoms did not show a mediation
effect. Findings indicate that reductions in somatic
symptoms may be a mediator of improvements for treatments
including pharmacotherapy and not CBT. Although the overall
efficacy of sertraline and CBT for anxiety may be similar,
the treatments appear to function via different
mechanisms.},
Doi = {10.1080/15374416.2017.1280804},
Key = {fds327202}
}
@article{fds368898,
Author = {Albano, AM and Comer, JS and Compton, SN and Piacentini, J and Kendall,
PC and Birmaher, B and Walkup, JT and Ginsburg, GS and Rynn, MA and McCracken, J and Keeton, C and Sakolsky, DJ and Sherrill,
JT},
Title = {Secondary Outcomes From the Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Study: Implications for Clinical
Practice.},
Journal = {Evid Based Pract Child Adolesc Ment Health},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {30-41},
Year = {2018},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Controlled evaluations comparing medication,
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and their combination in
the treatment of youth anxiety have predominantly focused on
global ratings by independent evaluators. Such ratings are
resource-intensive, may be of limited generalizability, and
do not directly inform our understanding of treatment
responses from the perspective of treated families. We
examined outcomes from the perspective of treated youth and
parents in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study
(CAMS). METHODS: Participants (N=488; ages 7-17 years) who
had a primary diagnosis of separation, social, and/or
generalized anxiety disorder were randomly assigned to a
treatment condition in the CAMS trial. Linear mixed-effects
and ANCOVA models examined parent- and youth-reported
anxiety symptoms, impact of anxiety, broader internalizing
and externalizing psychopathology, depressive symptoms, and
family burden throughout the 12-week acute treatment phase
and 6-month follow-up. RESULTS: At week 12, combination
treatment showed superiority over placebo, sertraline, and
CBT with regard to parent-reported youth anxiety symptoms,
and sertraline and CBT as monotherapies showed superiority
over placebo with regard to parent-reported youth anxiety.
Combination therapy and sertraline also showed week 12
superiority over placebo with regard to parent-reported
internalizing psychopathology, and superiority over placebo
and CBT with regard to parent-reported impact of anxiety,
family burden, and youth depressive symptoms. By week 36,
parent reports of many youth outcomes were comparable across
active conditions. Youth measures tracked parent measures on
many outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Findings were drawn on brief,
readily available questionnaires that in conjunction with
clinician measures can inform patient-centered care and
collaborative decision-making.Trial Registry Name: Child and
Adolescent Anxiety Disorders (CAMS)Registry identification
number: NCT00052078Registry URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00052078.},
Doi = {10.1080/23794925.2017.1399485},
Key = {fds368898}
}
@article{fds330474,
Author = {Peris, TS and Caporino, NE and O'Rourke, S and Kendall, PC and Walkup,
JT and Albano, AM and Bergman, RL and McCracken, JT and Birmaher, B and Ginsburg, GS and Sakolsky, D and Piacentini, J and Compton,
SN},
Title = {Therapist-Reported Features of Exposure Tasks That Predict
Differential Treatment Outcomes for Youth With
Anxiety.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {56},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1043-1052},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Exposure tasks are recognized widely as a key
component of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for child
and adolescent anxiety. However, little research has
examined specific exposure characteristics that predict
outcomes for youth with anxiety and that may guide its
application in therapy. METHOD: This study draws on a sample
of 279 children and adolescents (48.4% male; 79.6% white)
with a principal anxiety disorder who received 14 sessions
of CBT, either alone or in combination with medication,
through the Child/adolescent Anxiety Multimodal treatment
Study (CAMS). The present study examines therapist-reported
quantity, difficulty level, compliance, and mastery of
exposure tasks as they related to CBT response (i.e.,
Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement ratings). Secondary
treatment outcomes included reduction in anxiety symptom
severity on the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale, global
impairment measured via the Children's Global Assessment
Scale, and parent-report of anxiety-specific functional
impairment on the Child Anxiety Impairment Scale. RESULTS:
Regression analyses indicated a dose-response relationship
between therapist-reported quantity of exposure and
independent evaluations of treatment outcome, with more time
devoted to exposure linked to better outcomes. Similarly,
greater time spent on more difficult (rather than mild or
moderate) exposure tasks predicted better outcomes, as did
therapist ratings of child compliance and mastery.
CONCLUSION: The present findings highlight the importance of
challenging children and adolescents with difficult exposure
tasks and of collaborating to ensure compliance and
mastery.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2017.10.001},
Key = {fds330474}
}
@article{fds330044,
Author = {Højgaard, DRMA and Hybel, KA and Ivarsson, T and Skarphedinsson, G and Becker Nissen and J and Weidle, B and Melin, K and Torp, NC and Valderhaug,
R and Dahl, K and Mortensen, EL and Compton, S and Jensen, S and Lenhard,
F and Thomsen, PH},
Title = {One-Year Outcome for Responders of Cognitive-Behavioral
Therapy for Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {56},
Number = {11},
Pages = {940-947.e1},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study describes 1-year treatment outcomes
from a large sample of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
responders, investigates age as a possible moderator of
these treatment outcomes, and evaluates clinical relapse at
the 1-year follow-up. METHOD: This study is the planned
follow-up to the Nordic Long-term OCD [obsessive-compulsive
disorder] Treatment Study (NordLOTS), which included 177
children and adolescents who were rated as treatment
responders following CBT for OCD. Participants
were assessed with the Children's Yale-Brown
Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) at 6- and 12-month
follow-up. Treatment response and remission were defined as
CY-BOCS total scores ≤15 and ≤10, respectively. Linear
mixed-effects models were used to analyze all outcomes.
RESULTS: At 1 year, a total of 155 children and adolescents
(87.6%) were available for follow-up assessment, with 142 of
these (91.6%) rated below a total score of ≤15 on the
CY-BOCS. At 1-year follow-up, 121 (78.1%) were in remission.
On average, CY-BOCS total scores dropped by 1.72 points
during the first year after terminating treatment (p =
.001). A total of 28 participants (15.8%) relapsed
(CY-BOCS ≥ 16) at either the 6- or 12-month assessment;
only 2 patients required additional CBT. CONCLUSION: Results
suggest that manualized CBT in a community setting for
pediatric OCD has durable effects for those who respond to
an initial course of treatment; children and adolescents who
respond to such treatment can be expected to maintain their
treatment gains for at least 1 year following acute care.
Clinical trial registration information- Nordic Long-term
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Treatment Study;
www.controlled-trials.com; ISRCTN66385119.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2017.09.002},
Key = {fds330044}
}
@article{fds369778,
Author = {Sakolsky, D and Compton, SN and Pine, DS},
Title = {11.0 Results From the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Extended Long-Term Study (CAMELS)},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {56},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S317-S318},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2017.07.637},
Key = {fds369778}
}
@article{fds369779,
Author = {Harstad, S and Compton, SN and Villabo, MA},
Title = {6.67 Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for Children With
Anxiety Disorder: Do the Therapists’ Adherence and
Competence Matter?},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {56},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S300-S300},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2017.09.412},
Key = {fds369779}
}
@article{fds327200,
Author = {Strawn, JR and Dobson, ET and Mills, JA and Cornwall, GJ and Sakolsky,
D and Birmaher, B and Compton, SN and Piacentini, J and McCracken, JT and Ginsburg, GS and Kendall, PC and Walkup, JT and Albano, AM and Rynn,
MA},
Title = {Placebo Response in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: Results
from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Study.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {27},
Number = {6},
Pages = {501-508},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to identify predictors
of pill placebo response and to characterize the temporal
course of pill placebo response in anxious youth. METHODS:
Data from placebo-treated patients (N = 76) in the
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS), a
multisite, randomized controlled trial that examined the
efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy, sertraline, their
combination, and placebo for the treatment of separation,
generalized, and social anxiety disorders, were evaluated.
Multiple linear regression models identified features
associated with placebo response and models were confirmed
with leave-one-out cross-validation. The likelihood of
improvement in patients receiving pill placebo-over
time-relative to improvement associated with active
treatment was determined using probabilistic Bayesian
analyses. RESULTS: Based on a categorical definition of
response (Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement Scale
score ≤2), nonresponders (n = 48), and pill placebo
responders (n = 18) did not differ in age
(p = 0.217), sex (p = 0.980), race (p = 0.743),
or primary diagnosis (all ps > 0.659). In terms of change in
anxiety symptoms, separation anxiety disorder and treatment
expectation were associated with the degree of pill placebo
response. Greater probability of placebo-related anxiety
symptom improvement was observed early in the course of
treatment (baseline to week 4, p < 0.0001). No
significant change in the probability of placebo-related
improvement was observed after week 4 (weeks 4-8,
p = 0.07; weeks 8-12, p = 0.85), whereas the
probability of improvement, in general, significantly
increased week over week with active treatment. CONCLUSIONS:
Pill placebo-related improvement occurs early in the course
of treatment and both clinical factors and expectation
predict this improvement. Additionally, probabilistic
approaches may refine our understanding and prediction of
pill placebo response.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2016.0198},
Key = {fds327200}
}
@article{fds369780,
Author = {Bushnell, GA and Brookhart, MA and Gaynes, BN and Compton, SN and Dusetzina, SB and Sturmer, T},
Title = {Examining Parental Adherence as a Predictor of Child SSRI
Adherence in Pediatric Anxiety},
Journal = {PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY},
Volume = {26},
Pages = {240-241},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds369780}
}
@article{fds326112,
Author = {Gonzalez, A and Rozenman, M and Langley, AK and Kendall, PC and Ginsburg, GS and Compton, S and Walkup, JT and Birmaher, B and Albano,
AM and Piacentini, J},
Title = {Social Interpretation Bias in Children and Adolescents with
Anxiety Disorders: Psychometric Examination of the
Self-report of Ambiguous Social Situations for Youth (SASSY)
Scale.},
Journal = {Child Youth Care Forum},
Volume = {46},
Number = {3},
Pages = {395-412},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are among the most common
mental health problems in youth, and faulty interpretation
bias has been positively linked to anxiety severity, even
within anxiety-disordered youth. Quick, reliable assessment
of interpretation bias may be useful in identifying youth
with certain types of anxiety or assessing changes on
cognitive bias during intervention. OBJECTIVE: This study
examined the factor structure, reliability, and validity of
the Self-report of Ambiguous Social Situations for Youth
(SASSY) scale, a self-report measure developed to assess
interpretation bias in youth. METHODS: Participants (N=488,
age 7 to 17) met diagnostic criteria for Social Phobia,
Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and/or Separation Anxiety
Disorder. An exploratory factor analysis was performed on
baseline data from youth participating in a large randomized
clinical trial. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis yielded
two factors (Accusation/Blame, Social Rejection). The SASSY
full scale and Social Rejection factor demonstrated adequate
internal consistency, convergent validity with social
anxiety, and discriminant validity as evidenced by
non-significant correlations with measures of non-social
anxiety. Further, the SASSY Social Rejection factor
accurately distinguished children and adolescents with
Social Phobia from those with other anxiety disorders,
supporting its criterion validity, and revealed sensitivity
to changes with treatment. Given the relevance to youth with
social phobia, pre- and post-intervention data were examined
for youth social phobia to test sensitivity to treatment
effects; results suggested that SASSY scores reduced for
treatment responders. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest the
potential utility of the SASSY Social Rejection factor as a
quick, reliable, and efficient way of assessing
interpretation bias in anxious youth, particularly as
related to social concerns, in research and clinical
settings.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10566-016-9381-y},
Key = {fds326112}
}
@article{fds327201,
Author = {Alexander, JR and Houghton, DC and Twohig, MP and Franklin, ME and Saunders, SM and Neal-Barnett, AM and Compton, SN and Woods,
DW},
Title = {Clarifying the Relationship between Trichotillomania and
Anxiety.},
Journal = {J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {30-34},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Although research has consistently linked unidimensional
anxiety with Trichotillomania (TTM) severity, the
relationships between TTM severity and anxiety dimensions
(i.e., cognitive and somatic anxiety) are unknown. This
knowledge gap limits current TTM conceptualization and
treatment. The current study examined these relationships
with data collected from ninety-one adults who participated
in a randomized clinical trial for TTM treatment. To examine
whether the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI; Beck, Epstein,
Brown, & Steer, 1988) could be used to measure
multidimensional anxiety in TTM samples, we conducted a
factor analysis. Results showed four emergent factors,
including a cognitive factor and three somatic factors
(neurophysiological, autonomic, and panic). Based on prior
research, it was hypothesized that TTM severity would be
related to the cognitive anxiety dimension and that
psychological inflexibility would mediate the association.
Hypotheses were not made regarding the relationship between
TTM severity and somatic anxiety. Regression analyses
indicated that only cognitive dimensions of anxiety
predicted TTM severity and that psychological inflexibility
mediated this relationship. Implications for the
conceptualization and treatment of TTM are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.02.004},
Key = {fds327201}
}
@article{fds327203,
Author = {Strawn, JR and Compton, SN and Robertson, B and Albano, AM and Hamdani,
M and Rynn, MA},
Title = {Extended Release Guanfacine in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders:
A Pilot, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {29-37},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This is a feasibility study evaluating the
safety, tolerability, and potential anxiolytic efficacy of
the α2 agonist guanfacine extended-release (GXR) in
children and adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder
(GAD), separation anxiety disorder (SAD), or social
phobia/social anxiety disorder. METHODS: Youth aged 6-17
years with a primary diagnosis of GAD, SAD, and/or social
anxiety disorder were treated with flexibly dosed GXR
(1-6 mg daily, n = 62) or placebo (n = 21) for 12
weeks. The primary aim of this study was to determine the
safety and tolerability of GXR in youth with anxiety
disorders, which involved the analysis of treatment-emergent
adverse events (TEAEs), the emergence of suicidal ideation
and behaviors, vital signs, and electrocardiographic/laboratory
parameters. Exploratory efficacy measures included
dimensional anxiety scales (Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale
[PARS] and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional
Disorders [SCARED]), as well as the Clinical Global
Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scale. As this was an
exploratory study, no inferential statistical analyses were
performed. RESULTS: GXR was safe and well tolerated.
Treatment-related mean ± standard deviation changes in
heart rate (GXR: 1.8 ± 12 beats per minute [bpm]
decrease; placebo: 0.5 ± 11 bpm decrease), systolic
blood pressure (GXR: 2.3 ± 11 mm Hg decrease;
placebo: 1.7 ± 11 mm Hg decrease), or diastolic blood
pressure (GXR: 1.3 ± 9 mm Hg decrease; placebo:
0.9 ± 7 mm Hg increase) were similar between
treatment groups. TEAEs, including headache,
somnolence/fatigue, abdominal pain, and dizziness, were
consistent with the known safety profile of GXR. No
differences were observed between treatment groups for PARS
and SCARED scores, although at endpoint, a higher proportion
of subjects receiving GXR versus placebo demonstrated CGI-I
scores ≤2 (54.2% vs. 31.6%), as rated by the clinician
investigator. CONCLUSIONS: GXR was well tolerated in
pediatric subjects with GAD, SAD, and/or social anxiety
disorder. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
NCT01470469.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2016.0132},
Key = {fds327203}
}
@article{fds336060,
Author = {Pistorello, J and Jobes, DA and Compton, SN and Locey, NS and Walloch,
JC and Gallop, R and Au, JS and Noose, SK and Young, M and Johnson, J and Dickens, Y and Chatham, P and Jeffcoat, T and Dalto, G and Goswami,
S},
Title = {Developing Adaptive Treatment Strategies to Address Suicidal
Risk in College Students: A Pilot Sequential, Multiple
Assignment, Randomized Trial (SMART).},
Journal = {Arch Suicide Res},
Volume = {22},
Number = {4},
Pages = {644-664},
Year = {2017},
Abstract = {This pilot study investigated the potential to utilize
adaptive treatment strategies for treating moderate to
severe suicidal risk among college students. This article
will describe the unique study design and report on
feasibility and acceptability findings. A 2-stage Sequential
Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) was conducted:
In Stage 1, 62 suicidal college students were randomized to
either a suicide-focused or a treatment-as-usual condition
(4-8 weeks). Those deemed insufficient responders were
re-randomized to one of two Stage 2 interventions-both
suicide-focused but one comprehensive and multimodal and the
other flexible and theoretically agnostic (4-16 additional
weeks). Recruitment rates were high, treatment dropout
levels were lower than expected for the setting, study
dropouts were rare, and counselors were able to deliver
suicide-focused approaches with fidelity. Treatment
satisfaction was high among clients and moderately high
among counselors. Findings from this pilot show that a SMART
is highly feasible and acceptable to suicidal college
students, counselors, and campuses.},
Doi = {10.1080/13811118.2017.1392915},
Key = {fds336060}
}
@article{fds323540,
Author = {Caporino, NE and Read, KL and Shiffrin, N and Settipani, C and Kendall,
PC and Compton, SN and Sherrill, J and Piacentini, J and Walkup, J and Ginsburg, G and Keeton, C and Birmaher, B and Sakolsky, D and Gosch, E and Albano, AM},
Title = {Sleep-Related Problems and the Effects of Anxiety Treatment
in Children and Adolescents.},
Journal = {J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol},
Volume = {46},
Number = {5},
Pages = {675-685},
Year = {2017},
Abstract = {This study examined (a) demographic and clinical
characteristics associated with sleep-related problems
(SRPs) among youth with anxiety disorders, and (b) the
impact of anxiety treatment: cognitive-behavioral therapy
(CBT; Coping Cat), medication (sertraline), their
combination, and pill placebo on SRPs. Youth (N = 488,
ages 7-17, 50% female, 79% White) with a principal diagnosis
of generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety
disorder, or social phobia participated. SRPs were reported
by parents and youth. Findings differed by informant and by
type of SRP, with evidence that SRPs are associated with
age, anxiety severity, externalizing problems, functional
impairment, and family burden at pretreatment. Anxiety
treatment reduced SRPs; effect sizes were small to medium.
Reductions in parent-reported separation-related sleep
difficulties were significantly greater in active treatment
than in the placebo condition, with the greatest reductions
reported by parents of youth whose active treatment was
multimodal or included sertraline. Youth whose anxiety
treatment involved CBT reported significantly greater
decreases in dysregulated sleep (e.g., sleeplessness). Both
CBT for anxiety and sertraline appear to be somewhat
effective in reducing SRPs, and multimodal treatment may be
preferable depending on the symptom presentation. To inform
practice, future research should examine a broad range of
SRPs, incorporate objective measures of sleep, and evaluate
the impact of behavioral strategies that directly target
SRPs in youth with anxiety disorders.},
Doi = {10.1080/15374416.2015.1063429},
Key = {fds323540}
}
@article{fds327204,
Author = {Hoff, AL and Kendall, PC and Langley, A and Ginsburg, G and Keeton, C and Compton, S and Sherrill, J and Walkup, J and Birmaher, B and Albano, AM and Suveg, C and Piacentini, J},
Title = {Developmental Differences in Functioning in Youth With
Social Phobia.},
Journal = {J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol},
Volume = {46},
Number = {5},
Pages = {686-694},
Year = {2017},
Abstract = {Social phobia (SoP) in youth may manifest differently across
development as parent involvement in their social lives
changes and social and academic expectations increase. This
cross-sectional study investigated whether self-reported and
parent-reported functioning in youth with SoP changes with
age in social, academic, and home/family domains. Baseline
anxiety impairment data from 488 treatment-seeking
anxiety-disordered youth (ages 7-17, N = 400 with a SoP
diagnosis) and their parents were gathered using the Child
Anxiety Impact Scale and were analyzed using generalized
estimating equations. According to youth with SoP and their
parents, overall difficulties, social difficulties, and
academic difficulties increased with age, even when
controlling for SoP severity. These effects significantly
differed for youth with anxiety disorders other than SoP.
Adolescents may avoid social situations as parental
involvement in their social lives decreases, and their
withdrawn behavior may result in increasing difficulty in
the social domain. Their avoidance of class participation
and oral presentations may increasingly impact their
academic performance as school becomes more demanding.
Implications are discussed for the early detection and
intervention of SoP to prevent increased impairment over the
course of development.},
Doi = {10.1080/15374416.2015.1079779},
Key = {fds327204}
}
@article{fds323535,
Author = {Houghton, DC and Mathew, AS and Twohig, MP and Saunders, SM and Franklin, ME and Compton, SN and Neal-Barnett, AM and Woods,
DW},
Title = {Trauma and trichotillomania: A tenuous relationship},
Journal = {Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related
Disorders},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {91-95},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Some have argued that hair pulling in trichotillomania (TTM)
is triggered by traumatic events, but reliable evidence
linking trauma to TTM is limited. However, research has
shown that hair pulling is associated with emotion
regulation, suggesting a connection between negative affect
and TTM. We investigated the associations between trauma,
negative affect, and hair pulling in a cross-sectional
sample of treatment seeking adults with TTM (N=85). In the
current study, participants’ self-reported traumatic
experiences were assessed during a structured clinical
interview, and participants completed several measures of
hair pulling severity, global TTM severity, depression,
anxiety, experiential avoidance, and quality of life. Those
who experienced trauma had more depressive symptoms,
increased experiential avoidance, and greater global TTM
severity. Although the presence of a trauma history was not
related to the severity of hair pulling symptoms in the past
week, depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between
traumatic experiences and global TTM severity. These
findings cast doubt on the notion that TTM is directly
linked to trauma, but suggest that trauma leads to negative
affect that individuals cope with through hair pulling.
Implications for the conceptualization and treatment of TTM
are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jocrd.2016.09.003},
Key = {fds323535}
}
@article{fds323534,
Author = {Alexander, JR and Houghton, DC and Twohig, MP and Franklin, ME and Saunders, SM and Neal-Barnett, AM and Compton, SN and Woods,
DW},
Title = {Factor analysis of the Milwaukee Inventory for Subtypes of
Trichotillomania-Adult Version.},
Journal = {J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {31-38},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {The Milwaukee Inventory for Subtypes of Trichotillomania-Adult
Version (MIST-A; Flessner et al., 2008) measures the degree
to which hair pulling in Trichotillomania (TTM) can be
described as "automatic" (i.e., done without awareness and
unrelated to affective states) and/or "focused" (i.e., done
with awareness and to regulate affective states). Despite
preliminary evidence in support of the psychometric
properties of the MIST-A, emerging research suggests the
original factor structure may not optimally capture TTM
phenomenology. Using data from a treatment-seeking TTM
sample, the current study examined the factor structure of
the MIST-A via exploratory factor analysis. The resulting
two factor solution suggested the MIST-A consists of a
5-item "awareness of pulling" factor that measures the
degree to which pulling is done with awareness and an 8-item
"internal-regulated pulling" factor that measures the degree
to which pulling is done to regulate internal stimuli (e.g.,
emotions, cognitions, and urges). Correlational analyses
provided preliminary evidence for the validity of these
derived factors. Findings from this study challenge the
notions of "automatic" and "focused" pulling styles and
suggest that researchers should continue to explore TTM
subtypes.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jocrd.2016.08.001},
Key = {fds323534}
}
@article{fds369781,
Author = {Sabatos-DeVito, M and Rardin, BP and Paisley, E and Major, ST and Stoute, C and Murias, M and Compton, SN and Davlantis, KS and Dawson,
G},
Title = {1.23 THE UTILITY OF OBJECTIVE MEASURES OF SOCIAL
COMMUNICATION DEFICITS IN YOUNG CHILDREN WITH AUTISM
SPECTRUM DISORDER},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {55},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S107-S107},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2016.09.024},
Key = {fds369781}
}
@article{fds369782,
Author = {Strawn, JR and Dobson, ET and Mills, JA and Cornwall, GJ and Sakolsky,
DJ and Birmaher, B and Compton, SN and Piacentini, J and McCracken, JT and Ginsburg, GS and Kendall, PC and Walkup, JT and Albano, AM and Rynn,
MA},
Title = {6.80 PLACEBO RESPONSE IN PEDIATRIC ANXIETY DISORDERS:
RESULTS FROM THE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT ANXIETY MULTIMODAL
STUDY},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {55},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S230-S230},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2016.09.399},
Key = {fds369782}
}
@article{fds323536,
Author = {Houghton, DC and Franklin, MR and Twohig, MP and Franklin, ME and Compton, SN and Neal-Barnett, AM and Saunders, SM and Woods,
DW},
Title = {Photographic Assessment of Change in Trichotillomania:
Psychometric Properties and Variables Influencing
Interpretation},
Journal = {Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral
Assessment},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {505-513},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Although photographic assessment has been found to be
reliable in assessing hair loss in Trichotillomania, the
validity of this method is unclear, particularly for gauging
progress in treatment. The current study evaluated the
psychometric properties of photographic assessment of change
in Trichotillomania. Photographs showing hair loss of adults
with Trichotillomania were taken before and after
participating in a clinical trial for the condition.
Undergraduate college students (N = 211) rated treatment
response according to the photos, and additional archival
data on hair pulling severity and psychosocial health were
retrieved from the clinical trial. Photographic assessment
of change was found to possess fair reliability (ICC =
0.53), acceptable criterion validity (r = 0.51), good
concurrent validity (r = 0.30–0.36), and excellent
incremental validity (ΔR2 = 8.67, p < 0.01). In addition,
photographic measures were significantly correlated with
change in quality of life (r = 0.42), and thus could be
considered an index of the social validity of
Trichotillomania treatment. Gender of the photo rater and
pulling topography affected the criterion validity of
photographic assessment (partial η2 = 0.05–0.11).
Recommendations for improving photographic assessment and
future directions for hair pulling research are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10862-016-9536-z},
Key = {fds323536}
}
@article{fds323537,
Author = {Houghton, DC and Maas, J and Twohig, MP and Saunders, SM and Compton,
SN and Neal-Barnett, AM and Franklin, ME and Woods,
DW},
Title = {Comorbidity and quality of life in adults with hair pulling
disorder.},
Journal = {Psychiatry Res},
Volume = {239},
Pages = {12-19},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Hair pulling disorder (HPD; trichotillomania) is thought to
be associated with significant psychiatric comorbidity and
functional impairment. However, few methodologically
rigorous studies of HPD have been conducted, rendering such
conclusions tenuous. The following study examined
comorbidity and psychosocial functioning in a
well-characterized sample of adults with HPD (N=85) who met
DSM-IV criteria, had at least moderate hair pulling
severity, and participated in a clinical trial. Results
revealed that 38.8% of individuals with HPD had another
current psychiatric diagnosis and 78.8% had another lifetime
(present and/or past) psychiatric diagnosis. Specifically,
HPD showed substantial overlap with depressive, anxiety,
addictive, and other body-focused repetitive behavior
disorders. The relationships between certain comorbidity
patterns, hair pulling severity, current mood and anxiety
symptoms, and quality of life were also examined. Results
showed that current depressive symptoms were the only
predictor of quality of life deficits. Implications of these
findings for the conceptualization and treatment of HPD are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.063},
Key = {fds323537}
}
@article{fds323539,
Author = {Kendall, PC and Cummings, CM and Villabø, MA and Narayanan, MK and Treadwell, K and Birmaher, B and Compton, S and Piacentini, J and Sherrill, J and Walkup, J and Gosch, E and Keeton, C and Ginsburg, G and Suveg, C and Albano, AM},
Title = {Mediators of change in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Treatment Study.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {84},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-14},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Test changes in (a) coping efficacy and (b)
anxious self-talk as potential mediators of treatment gains
at 3-month follow-up in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Treatment Study (CAMS). METHOD: Participants were
488 youth (ages 7-17; 50.4% male) randomized to
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT; Coping cat program),
pharmacotherapy (sertraline), their combination, or pill
placebo. Participants met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
for Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for
generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, and/or
separation anxiety disorder. Coping efficacy (reported
ability to manage anxiety provoking situations) was measured
by youth and parent reports on the Coping Questionnaire, and
anxious self-talk was measured by youth report on the
Negative Affectivity Self-Statement Questionnaire. Outcome
was measured using the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale
(completed by Independent Evaluators blind to condition).
For temporal precedence, residualized treatment gains were
assessed at 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: Residualized gains
in coping efficacy mediated gains in the CBT, sertraline,
and combination conditions. In the combination condition,
some unique effect of treatment remained. Treatment
assignment was not associated with a reduction in anxious
self-talk, nor did anxious self-talk predict changes in
anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that
improvements in coping efficacy are a mediator of treatment
gains. Anxious self-talk did not emerge as a
mediator.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0039773},
Key = {fds323539}
}
@article{fds323538,
Author = {Houghton, DC and McFarland, CS and Franklin, ME and Twohig, MP and Compton, SN and Neal-Barnett, AM and Saunders, SM and Woods,
DW},
Title = {DSM-5 Trichotillomania: Perception of Adults With
Trichotillomania After Psychosocial Treatment.},
Journal = {Psychiatry},
Volume = {79},
Number = {2},
Pages = {164-169},
Year = {2016},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Trichotillomania (TTM) is associated with
significant embarrassment and is viewed negatively by
others. A potentially important outcome variable that is
often overlooked in treatment for TTM is appearance and
social perception. METHOD: The present study tested whether
participants in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of
psychotherapy for TTM are viewed more positively by others.
All participants in the trial were photographed at baseline
and posttreatment. Three treatment responders and three
treatment nonresponders were selected randomly for the
present study. Several healthy controls were also
photographed in a similar manner. Undergraduate college
students (N = 245) assessed whether they would reject the
person socially, whether the individual has a psychological
or medical problem, and attractiveness. RESULTS: Individuals
with TTM were viewed more negatively than healthy controls
at baseline, but treatment responders showed positive
improvements on all perceptions relative to nonresponders.
While treatment responders were still perceived more poorly
than controls on social rejection and perceptions of
problems at posttreatment, responders where rated no
differently than controls on attractiveness at
posttreatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that persons
with TTM who respond to treatment are rated by others as
significantly improved in appearance, but they might be
still stigmatized or socially rejected.},
Doi = {10.1080/00332747.2016.1144438},
Key = {fds323538}
}
@article{fds302616,
Author = {Houghton, DC and Capriotti, MR and De Nadai and AS and Compton, SN and Twohig, MP and Neal-Barnett, AM and Saunders, SM and Franklin, ME and Woods, DW},
Title = {Defining treatment response in trichotillomania: a signal
detection analysis.},
Journal = {J Anxiety Disord},
Volume = {36},
Pages = {44-51},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0887-6185},
Abstract = {The Massachusetts General Hospital Hairpulling Scale
(MGH-HPS) and the NIMH Trichotillomania Severity Scale
(NIMH-TSS) are two widely used measures of trichotillomania
severity. Despite their popular use, currently no
empirically-supported guidelines exist to determine the
degrees of change on these scales that best indicate
treatment response. Determination of such criteria could aid
in clinical decision-making by defining clinically
significant treatment response/recovery and producing
accurate power analyses for use in clinical trials research.
Adults with trichotillomania (N=69) participated in a
randomized controlled trial of psychotherapy and were
assessed before and after treatment. Response status was
measured via the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement
Scale, and remission status was measured via the Clinical
Global Impressions-Severity Scale. For treatment response, a
45% reduction or 7-point raw score change on the MGH-HPS was
the best indicator of clinically significant treatment
response, and on the NIMH-TSS, a 30-40% reduction or 6-point
raw score difference was most effective cutoff. For disorder
remission, a 55-60% reduction or 7-point raw score change on
the MGH-HPS was the best predictor, and on the NIMH-TSS, a
65% reduction or 6-point raw score change was the best
indicator of disorder remission. Implications of these
findings are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.09.008},
Key = {fds302616}
}
@article{fds302623,
Author = {Gordon-Hollingsworth, AT and Becker, EM and Ginsburg, GS and Keeton,
C and Compton, SN and Birmaher, BB and Sakolsky, DJ and Piacentini, J and Albano, AM and Kendall, PC and Suveg, CM and March,
JS},
Title = {Anxiety Disorders in Caucasian and African American
Children: A Comparison of Clinical Characteristics,
Treatment Process Variables, and Treatment
Outcomes.},
Journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev},
Volume = {46},
Number = {5},
Pages = {643-655},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0009-398X},
Abstract = {This study examined racial differences in anxious youth
using data from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Study (CAMS) [1]. Specifically, the study aims addressed
whether African American (n = 44) versus Caucasian
(n = 359) children varied on (1) baseline clinical
characteristics, (2) treatment process variables, and (3)
treatment outcomes. Participants were ages 7-17 and met
DSM-IV-TR criteria for generalized anxiety disorder, social
phobia, and/or separation anxiety disorder. Baseline data,
as well as outcome data at 12 and 24 weeks, were obtained
by independent evaluators. Weekly treatment process
variables were collected by therapists. Results indicated no
racial differences on baseline clinical characteristics.
However, African American participants attended fewer
psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy sessions, and were rated
by therapists as less involved and compliant, in addition to
showing lower mastery of CBT. Once these and other
demographic factors were accounted for, race was not a
significant predictor of response, remission, or relapse.
Implications of these findings suggest African American and
Caucasian youth are more similar than different with respect
to the manifestations of anxiety and differences in outcomes
are likely due to treatment barriers to session attendance
and therapist engagement.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10578-014-0507-x},
Key = {fds302623}
}
@article{fds327205,
Author = {Bushnell, GA and Dusetzina, SB and Gaynes, BN and Compton, SN and White,
AD and Stuermer, T},
Title = {Initial Prescription Medication for Children with Anxiety:
Concordance with Evidence},
Journal = {PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY},
Volume = {24},
Pages = {283-284},
Publisher = {WILEY-BLACKWELL},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds327205}
}
@article{fds302617,
Author = {Houghton, DC and Balsis, S and Stein, DJ and Compton, SN and Twohig, MP and Saunders, SM and Franklin, ME and Neal-Barnett, AM and Woods,
DW},
Title = {Examining DSM criteria for trichotillomania in a dimensional
framework: implications for DSM-5 and diagnostic
practice.},
Journal = {Compr Psychiatry},
Volume = {60},
Pages = {9-16},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0010-440X},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of trichotillomania (TTM) requires
meeting several criteria that aim to embody the core
pathology of the disorder. These criteria are traditionally
interpreted monothetically, in that they are all equally
necessary for diagnosis. Alternatively, a dimensional
conceptualization of psychopathology allows for examination
of the relatedness of each criterion to the TTM latent
continuum. OBJECTIVES: First, to examine the ability of
recently removed criteria (B and C) to identify the latent
dimensions of TTM psychopathology, such that they
discriminate between individuals with low and high degrees
of hair pulling severity. Second, to determine the impact of
removing criteria B and C on the information content of
remaining diagnostic criteria. Third, to determine the
psychometric properties of remaining TTM diagnostic criteria
that remain largely unchanged in DSM-5; that is, whether
they measure distinct or overlapping levels of TTM
psychopathology. Fourth, to determine whether information
content derived from diagnostic criteria aid in the
prediction of disease trajectory (i.e., can relapse
propensity be predicted from criteria endorsement patterns).
METHOD: Statistics derived from item response theory were
used to examine diagnostic criteria endorsement in 91 adults
with TTM who underwent psychotherapy. RESULTS: The removal
of two criteria in DSM-5 and psychometric validity of
remaining criteria was supported. Additionally, individual
trait parameters were used to predict treatment progress,
uncovering predictive power where none previously existed.
CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic criteria for TTM should be examined
in dimensional models, which allow for nuanced and sensitive
measurement of core symptomology in treatment
contexts.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.04.011},
Key = {fds302617}
}
@article{fds302610,
Author = {Skarphedinsson, G and Compton, S and Thomsen, PH and Weidle, B and Dahl,
K and Nissen, JB and Torp, NC and Hybel, K and Melin, KH and Valderhaug, R and Wentzel-Larsen, T and Ivarsson, T},
Title = {Tics Moderate Sertraline, but Not Cognitive-Behavior Therapy
Response in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patients
Who Do Not Respond to Cognitive-Behavior
Therapy.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {25},
Number = {5},
Pages = {432-439},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate
whether the presence of tic disorder is negatively
associated with sertraline (SRT) outcomes, but not with
continued cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), in a sample of
youth who were unresponsive to an initial full course of
CBT. METHODS: In the Nordic Long-Term OCD Study, children
and adolescents with OCD who were rated as nonresponders to
14 weeks of open-label CBT were randomized to continued CBT
(n=28) or SRT treatment (n=22) for an additional 16 weeks of
treatment. We investigated whether the presence or absence
of comorbid tic disorder moderated treatment outcomes on the
Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS).
RESULTS: Twelve out of 50 (24.0%) participants were
diagnosed with comorbid tic disorder, with 7 receiving
continued CBT and 5 receiving SRT, respectively. In patients
without tic disorder, results showed no significant
between-group differences on average CY-BOCS scores.
However, in patients with comorbid tic disorder, those who
received SRT had significantly lower average CY-BOCS scores
than those who received continued CBT. CONCLUSIONS: Children
and adolescents with OCD and comorbid tic disorder, who are
nonresponders to an initial 14 week course of CBT, may
benefit more from a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) than
from continued CBT.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2014.0167},
Key = {fds302610}
}
@article{fds302620,
Author = {Nail, JE and Christofferson, J and Ginsburg, GS and Drake, K and Kendall, PC and McCracken, JT and Birmaher, B and Walkup, JT and Compton, SN and Keeton, C and Sakolsky, D},
Title = {Academic Impairment and Impact of Treatments Among Youth
with Anxiety Disorders},
Journal = {Child and Youth Care Forum},
Volume = {44},
Number = {3},
Pages = {327-342},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1053-1890},
Abstract = {Background: Global academic difficulties have often been
reported in youth with anxiety disorders, however, little is
known about the specific academic deficits in this
population. Objective: To (a) evaluate the prevalence of
seven specific academic impairments in children and
adolescents with anxiety disorders, (b) determine whether
these impairments are associated with demographic (i.e.,
race, gender and age) and clinical characteristics (i.e.,
type of disorder, anxiety severity and global impairment)
and (c) examine the impact of anxiety treatments on these
impairments. Methods: As part of the Child-Adolescent
Anxiety Multimodal Study (a randomized controlled trial),
academic impairments, anxiety severity and global impairment
were measured in 488 youth (mean age = 10.7 years) with
separation, social and/or generalized anxiety disorders.
Results: At baseline, 47 % of the sample was rated as
impaired on 4 out of 7 items, and nearly 10 % of the sample
was rated as academically impaired on 6 out of 7 items.
Conversely, 28 % reported no impairment across the 7 items.
There were no significant differences in parent-reported
academic impairments by race, age or gender. Academic
impairment was significantly, positively correlated with
anxiety severity and negatively correlated with global
functioning. Treatment responders were significantly more
likely than non-responders to evidence improvement across
all seven specific academic items. Conclusions: Specific
academic impairments are prevalent among youth with anxiety
disorders. The benefits of evidence-based treatments (i.e.,
medication/sertraline; CBT/Coping cat) extend beyond symptom
relief to include improved academic performance, as
perceived by parents, in youth with anxiety
disorders.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10566-014-9290-x},
Key = {fds302620}
}
@article{fds302622,
Author = {Skarphedinsson, G and Weidle, B and Thomsen, PH and Dahl, K and Torp,
NC and Nissen, JB and Melin, KH and Hybel, K and Valderhaug, R and Wentzel-Larsen, T and Compton, SN and Ivarsson,
T},
Title = {Continued cognitive-behavior therapy versus sertraline for
children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder
that were non-responders to cognitive-behavior therapy: a
randomized controlled trial.},
Journal = {Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {24},
Number = {5},
Pages = {591-602},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1018-8827},
Abstract = {Expert guidelines recommend cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT)
as a first-line treatment in pediatric obsessive-compulsive
disorder (OCD) and the addition of selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitors when CBT is not effective. However, the
recommendations for CBT non-responders are not supported by
empirical data. Our objective was to investigate the
effectiveness of sertraline (SRT) versus continued CBT in
children and adolescents that did not respond to an initial
course of CBT. Randomized controlled trial conducted in five
sites in Denmark, Sweden and Norway, 54 children and
adolescents, age 7-17 years, with DSM-IV primary OCD were
randomized to SRT or continued CBT for 16 weeks. These
participants had been classified as non-responders to CBT
following 14 weekly sessions. Primary outcomes were the
CY-BOCS total score and clinical response (CY-BOCS <16). The
study was a part of the Nordic Long-Term OCD Treatment Study
(NordLOTS). Intent-to-treat sample included 50 participants,
mean age 14.0 (SD = 2.7) and 48 (n = 24) males. Twenty-one
of 28 participants (75%) completed continued CBT and 15 of
22 participants (69.2%) completed SRT. Planned pairwise
comparison of the CY-BOCS total score did not reveal a
significant difference between the treatments (p = .351),
the response rate was 50.0% in the CBT group and 45.4% in
the SRT group. The multivariate χ (2) test suggested that
there were no statistically significant differences between
groups (p = .727). Within-group effect sizes were large and
significant across both treatments. These large within-group
effect sizes suggest that continued treatment for CBT
non-responders is beneficial. However, there was no
significant between-group differences in SRT or continued
CBT at post-treatment.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00787-014-0613-0},
Key = {fds302622}
}
@article{fds302618,
Author = {Peris, TS and Compton, SN and Kendall, PC and Birmaher, B and Sherrill,
J and March, J and Gosch, E and Ginsburg, G and Rynn, M and McCracken, JT and Keeton, CP and Sakolsky, D and Suveg, C and Aschenbrand, S and Almirall,
D and Iyengar, S and Walkup, JT and Albano, AM and Piacentini,
J},
Title = {Trajectories of change in youth anxiety during
cognitive-behavior therapy.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {83},
Number = {2},
Pages = {239-252},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in the trajectory of youth
anxiety following the introduction of specific
cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) components: relaxation
training, cognitive restructuring, and exposure tasks.
METHOD: Four hundred eighty-eight youths ages 7-17 years
(50% female; 74% ≤ 12 years) were randomly assigned to
receive either CBT, sertraline (SRT), their combination
(COMB), or pill placebo (PBO) as part of their participation
in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS).
Youths in the CBT conditions were evaluated weekly by
therapists using the Clinical Global Impression
Scale-Severity (CGI-S; Guy, 1976) and the Children's Global
Assessment Scale (CGAS; Shaffer et al., 1983) and every 4
weeks by blind independent evaluators (IEs) using the
Pediatric Anxiety Ratings Scale (PARS; RUPP Anxiety Study
Group, 2002). Youths in SRT and PBO were included as
controls. RESULTS: Longitudinal discontinuity analyses
indicated that the introduction of both cognitive
restructuring (e.g., changing self-talk) and exposure tasks
significantly accelerated the rate of progress on measures
of symptom severity and global functioning moving forward in
treatment; the introduction of relaxation training had
limited impact. Counter to expectations, no strategy altered
the rate of progress in the specific domain of anxiety that
it was intended to target (i.e., somatic symptoms, anxious
self-talk, avoidance behavior). CONCLUSIONS: Findings
support CBT theory and suggest that cognitive restructuring
and exposure tasks each make substantial contributions to
improvement in youth anxiety. Implications for future
research are discussed. (PsycINFO Database
Record},
Doi = {10.1037/a0038402},
Key = {fds302618}
}
@article{fds302611,
Author = {Torp, NC and Dahl, K and Skarphedinsson, G and Compton, S and Thomsen,
PH and Weidle, B and Hybel, K and Valderhaug, R and Melin, K and Nissen,
JB and Ivarsson, T},
Title = {Predictors associated with improved cognitive-behavioral
therapy outcome in pediatric obsessive-compulsive
disorder.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {54},
Number = {3},
Pages = {200-207.e1},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of treatment response
in a large sample of pediatric participants with
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The Nordic Long-term
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) Treatment Study
(NordLOTS) included 269 children and adolescents, 7 to 17
years of age, with a DSM-IV diagnosis of OCD. Outcomes were
evaluated after 14 weekly sessions of exposure-based
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). METHOD: The association
of 20 potential predictors, identified by literature review,
along with their outcomes, was evaluated using the
Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS)
posttreatment. A CY-BOCS total score of ≤15 was the
primary outcome measure. RESULTS: The univariate analyses
showed that children and adolescents who were older had more
severe OCD, greater functional impairment, higher rates of
internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and higher levels
of anxiety and depression symptoms before treatment had
significantly poorer outcomes after 14 weeks of treatment.
However, only age was a significant predictor in the
multivariate model. CONCLUSION: In the multivariate
analysis, only age predicted better treatment outcome. Using
univariate analysis, a variety of predictors of poorer
treatment outcome after CBT was identified. The high impact
of comorbid symptoms on outcome in pediatric OCD suggests
that treatment should address comorbidity issues. The lack
of a family predictor may be related to high family
involvement in this study. Future research strategies should
focus on optimizing intervention in the presence of these
characteristics to achieve greater benefits for patients
with OCD. Clinical trial registration information-Nordic
Long-term Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) Treatment
Study; www.controlled-trials.com; ISRCTN66385119.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2014.12.007},
Key = {fds302611}
}
@article{fds302612,
Author = {Read, KL and Settipani, CA and Peterman, J and Kendall, PC and Compton,
S and Piacentini, J and McCracken, J and Bergman, L and Walkup, J and Sakolsky, D and Birmaher, B and Albano, AM and Rynn, M and Ginsburg, G and Keeton, C and Gosch, E and Suveg, C and Sherrill, J and March,
J},
Title = {Predicting Anxiety Diagnoses and Severity with the CBCL-A:
Improvement Relative to Other CBCL Scales?},
Journal = {J Psychopathol Behav Assess},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {100-111},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0882-2689},
Abstract = {The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) is a widely used
parent-report of child and adolescent behavior. We examined
the ability of the CBCL-A scale, a previously published
subset of CBCL items, to predict the presence of generalized
anxiety disorder (GAD), separation anxiety disorder (SAD),
and social phobia (SoP), as well as anxiety severity, among
488 youth randomized in the Child Anxiety Multimodal Study
(CAMS). We predicted that the CBCL-A's unique inclusion of
items related to somatic symptoms would better identify
anxiety disorder and severity than other CBCL scales, given
that somatic complaints are often key features of anxiety
among youth. Results support the use of the anxiety-based
CBCL subscales as first-line screeners for generally
elevated symptoms of anxiety, rather than tools to identify
specific anxiety disorders. Although somatic symptoms are
often reported and included in diagnostic criteria for
certain anxiety disorders (e.g., SAD, GAD), the unique
combination of somatic and non-somatic symptoms for the
CBCL-A subscale did not increase its ability to consistently
predict the presence of specific anxiety
disorders.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10862-014-9439-9},
Key = {fds302612}
}
@article{fds302619,
Author = {Rynn, MA and Walkup, JT and Compton, SN and Sakolsky, DJ and Sherrill,
JT and Shen, S and Kendall, PC and McCracken, J and Albano, AM and Piacentini, J and Riddle, MA and Keeton, C and Waslick, B and Chrisman,
A and Iyengar, S and March, JS and Birmaher, B},
Title = {Child/Adolescent anxiety multimodal study:
evaluating safety.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {54},
Number = {3},
Pages = {180-190},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of adverse events (AEs)
across 4 treatment conditions in the Child/Adolescent
Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS), and to compare the
frequency of AEs between children and adolescents. METHOD:
Participants ages 7 to 17 years (mean = 10.7 years) meeting
the DSM-IV criteria for 1 or more of the following
disorders: separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety
disorder, or social phobia were randomized (2:2:2:1) to
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT, n = 139), sertraline
(SRT, n = 133), a combination of both (COMB, n = 140), or
pill placebo (PBO, n = 76). Data on AEs were collected via
a standardized inquiry method plus a self-report Physical
Symptom Checklist (PSC). RESULTS: There were no differences
between the double-blinded conditions (SRT versus PBO) for
total physical and psychiatric AEs or any individual
physical or psychiatric AEs. The rates of total physical AEs
were greater in the SRT-alone treatment condition when
compared to CBT (p < .01) and COMB (p < .01). Moreover,
those who received SRT alone reported higher rates of
several physical AEs when compared to COMB and CBT. The rate
of total psychiatric AEs was higher in children (≤12
years) across all arms (31.7% versus 23.1%, p < .05). Total
PSC scores decreased over time, with no significant
differences between treatment groups. CONCLUSION: The
results support the tolerability/safety of selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment for anxiety
disorders even after adjusting for the number of reporting
opportunities, leading to no differences in overall rates of
AEs. Few differences occurred on specific items. Additional
monitoring of psychiatric AEs is recommended in children
(≤12 years). Clinical trial registration information-Child
and Adolescent Anxiety Disorders (CAMS);
http://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00052078.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2014.12.015},
Key = {fds302619}
}
@article{fds302628,
Author = {Gonzalez, A and Peris, TS and Vreeland, A and Kiff, CJ and Kendall, PC and Compton, SN and Albano, AM and Birmaher, B and Ginsburg, GS and Keeton,
CP and March, J and McCracken, J and Rynn, M and Sherrill, J and Walkup,
JT and Piacentini, J},
Title = {Parental anxiety as a predictor of medication and CBT
response for anxious youth.},
Journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {84-93},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0009-398X},
Abstract = {The aim of this investigation was to evaluate how parental
anxiety predicted change in pediatric anxiety symptoms
across four different interventions: cognitive-behavioral
therapy, medication (sertraline; SRT), their combination
(COMB), and pill placebo. Participants were 488 youths (ages
7-17) with separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety
disorder, and/or social phobia and their primary caregivers.
Latent growth curve modeling assessed how pre-treatment
parental trait anxiety symptoms predicted trajectories of
youth anxiety symptom change across 12 weeks of treatment at
four time points. Interactions between parental anxiety and
treatment condition were tested. Parental anxiety was not
associated with youth's pre-treatment anxiety symptom
severity. Controlling for parental trait anxiety, youth
depressive symptoms, and youth age, youths who received COMB
benefitted most. Counter to expectations, parental anxiety
influenced youth anxiety symptom trajectory only within the
SRT condition, whereas parental anxiety was not
significantly associated with youth anxiety trajectories in
the other treatment conditions. Specifically, within the SRT
condition, higher levels of parental anxiety predicted a
faster and greater reduction in youth anxiety over the acute
treatment period compared to youths in the SRT condition
whose parents had lower anxiety levels. While all active
treatments produced favorable outcomes, results provide
insight regarding the treatment-specific influence of
parental anxiety on the time course of symptom
change.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10578-014-0454-6},
Key = {fds302628}
}
@article{fds302613,
Author = {White, SW and Lerner, MD and McLeod, BD and Wood, JJ and Ginsburg, GS and Kerns, C and Ollendick, T and Kendall, PC and Piacentini, J and Walkup,
J and Compton, S},
Title = {Anxiety in youth with and without autism spectrum disorder:
examination of factorial equivalence.},
Journal = {Behav Ther},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {40-53},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0005-7894},
Abstract = {Although anxiety is frequently reported among children and
adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it has not
been established that the manifest symptoms of anxiety in
the context of ASD are the same as those seen in youth
without ASD. This study sought to examine the metric and
latent factor equivalence of anxiety as measured by the
Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children, parent-report
(MASC-P) and child-report (MASC-C), in youth with anxiety
disorders and ASD with intact verbal ability (n=109,
M(age)=11.67 years, 99 male) and a gender-matched comparison
group of typically developing (TD) children and adolescents
with anxiety disorders but without ASD (n=342, M(age)=11.25
years, 246 male). Multigroup factorial invariance (MFI)
using structural equation modeling indicated equivalent
latent factors in youth with and without ASD on the MASC-C
(metric invariance). However, the item means and covariances
along with the relations among the factor scores were
different for the youth with ASD (i.e., lack of evidence for
scalar or structural invariance). The MASC-P data did not
fit the measure's established structure for either the ASD
or TD group, and post-hoc exploratory factor analysis
revealed a different factor structure in the ASD group.
Findings suggest that the MASC-C may not measure identical
constructs in anxious youth with and without ASD. Further
research on the structure of the MASC in clinical samples is
warranted.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.beth.2014.05.005},
Key = {fds302613}
}
@article{fds302625,
Author = {Houghton, DC and Compton, SN and Twohig, MP and Saunders, SM and Franklin, ME and Neal-Barnett, AM and Ely, L and Capriotti, MR and Woods, DW},
Title = {Measuring the role of psychological inflexibility in
Trichotillomania.},
Journal = {Psychiatry Res},
Volume = {220},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {356-361},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0165-1781},
Abstract = {Psychological Inflexibility (PI) is a construct that has
gained recent attention as a critical theoretical component
of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). PI is typically
measured by the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II
(AAQ-II). However, the AAQ-II has shown questionable
reliability in clinical populations with specific diagnoses,
leading to the creation of content-specific versions of the
AAQ-II that show stronger psychometric properties in their
target populations. A growing body of the literature
suggests that PI processes may contribute to hair pulling,
and the current study sought to examine the psychometric
properties and utility of a Trichotillomania-specific
version of the AAQ-II, the AAQ-TTM. A referred sample of 90
individuals completed a battery of assessments as part of a
randomized clinical trial of Acceptance-Enhanced Behavior
Therapy for Trichotillomania. Results showed that the
AAQ-TTM has two intercorrelated factors, adequate
reliability, concurrent validity, and incremental validity
over the AAQ-II. Furthermore, mediational analysis between
emotional variables and hair pulling outcomes provides
support for using the AAQ-TTM to measure the therapeutic
process. Implications for the use of this measure will be
discussed, including the need to further investigate the
role of PI processes in Trichotillomania.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.003},
Key = {fds302625}
}
@article{fds302624,
Author = {Compton, SN and Rosenfield, D and Hofmann, SG and Smits,
JAJ},
Title = {Advances in data analytic methods for evaluating treatment
outcome and mechanisms of change: introduction to the
special issue.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {82},
Number = {5},
Pages = {743-745},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
Abstract = {This series of articles, which provide an overview of
several advanced statistical methods for evaluating
treatment outcomes and mechanisms of change, makes up the
first research methods-oriented special issue to appear in
the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. Like most
active areas of scientific inquiry, the field of
biostatistics and quantitative psychology continues to
innovate and progress at a remarkable pace. These recent
advancements provide researchers with the tools needed to
ask and get answers to progressively nuanced and complex
questions. It is our hope that the articles included in this
special issue will spark an interest among applied
researchers to investigate and learn how these and other
newer statistical methods might be used to enhance their own
line of research.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0037795},
Key = {fds302624}
}
@article{fds302626,
Author = {Crawley, SA and Caporino, NE and Birmaher, B and Ginsburg, G and Piacentini, J and Albano, AM and Sherrill, J and Sakolsky, D and Compton, SN and Rynn, M and McCracken, J and Gosch, E and Keeton, C and March, J and Walkup, JT and Kendall, PC},
Title = {Somatic complaints in anxious youth.},
Journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {398-407},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0009-398X},
Abstract = {This study examined (a) demographic and clinical
characteristics associated with physical symptoms in
anxiety-disordered youth and (b) the impact of
cognitive-behavioral therapy (Coping Cat), medication
(sertraline), their combination, and pill placebo on
physical symptoms. Youth (N = 488, ages 7-17 years) with a
principal diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder,
separation anxiety disorder, or social phobia participated
as part of a multi-site, randomized controlled trial and
received treatment delivered over 12 weeks. Diagnostic
status, symptom severity, and impairment were assessed at
baseline and week 12. The total number and severity of
physical symptoms was associated with age, principal
diagnosis, anxiety severity, impairment, and the presence of
comorbid internalizing disorders. Common somatic complaints
were headaches, stomachaches, head cold or sniffles,
sleeplessness, and feeling drowsy or too sleepy. Physical
symptoms decreased over the course of treatment, and were
unrelated to treatment condition. Clinical implications and
directions for future research are discussed
(ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00052078).},
Doi = {10.1007/s10578-013-0410-x},
Key = {fds302626}
}
@article{fds302614,
Author = {Freeman, J and Sapyta, J and Garcia, A and Compton, S and Khanna, M and Flessner, C and FitzGerald, D and Mauro, C and Dingfelder, R and Benito,
K and Harrison, J and Curry, J and Foa, E and March, J and Moore, P and Franklin, M},
Title = {Family-based treatment of early childhood
obsessive-compulsive disorder: the Pediatric
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Treatment Study for Young
Children (POTS Jr)--a randomized clinical
trial.},
Journal = {JAMA Psychiatry},
Volume = {71},
Number = {6},
Pages = {689-698},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {2168-622X},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) has been
established as efficacious for obsessive-compulsive disorder
(OCD) among older children and adolescents, yet its effect
on young children has not been evaluated sufficiently.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relative efficacy of family-based
CBT (FB-CBT) involving exposure plus response prevention vs
an FB relaxation treatment (FB-RT) control condition for
children 5 to 8 years of age. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
PARTICIPANTS: A 14-week randomized clinical trial (Pediatric
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Treatment Study for Young
Children [POTS Jr]) conducted at 3 academic medical centers
between 2006 and 2011, involving 127 pediatric outpatients 5
to 8 years of age who received a primary diagnosis of OCD
and a Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale total
score of 16 or higher. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were
randomly assigned to 14 weeks of (1) FB-CBT, including
exposure plus response prevention, or (2) FB-RT. MAIN
OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Responder status defined as an
independent evaluator-rated Clinical Global
Impression-Improvement scale score of 1 (very much improved)
or 2 (much improved) and change in independent
evaluator-rated continuous Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive
Compulsive Scale total score. RESULTS Family-based CBT was
superior to FB-RT on both primary outcome measures. The
percentages of children who were rated as 1 (very much
improved) or 2 (much improved) on the Clinical Global
Impression-Improvement scale at 14 weeks were 72% for FB-CBT
and 41% for FB-RT. The effect size difference between FB-CBT
and FB-RT on the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement
scale was 0.31 (95% CI, 0.17-0.45). The number needed to
treat (NNT) with FB-CBT vs FB-RT was estimated as 3.2 (95%
CI, 2.2-5.8). The effect size difference between FB-CBT and
FB-RT on the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive
Scale at week 14 was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.62-1.06). CONCLUSIONS
AND RELEVANCE: A comprehensive FB-CBT program was superior
to a relaxation program with a similar format in reducing
OCD symptoms and functional impairment in young children
(5-8 years of age) with OCD. TRIAL REGISTRATION:
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00533806.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.170},
Key = {fds302614}
}
@article{fds302631,
Author = {Drysdale, AT and Hartley, CA and Pattwell, SS and Ruberry, EJ and Somerville, LH and Compton, SN and Lee, FS and Casey, BJ and Walkup,
JT},
Title = {Fear and anxiety from principle to practice: implications
for when to treat youth with anxiety disorders.},
Journal = {Biol Psychiatry},
Volume = {75},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e19-e20},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0006-3223},
Doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.08.015},
Key = {fds302631}
}
@article{fds302627,
Author = {Compton, SN and Peris, TS and Almirall, D and Birmaher, B and Sherrill,
J and Kendall, PC and March, JS and Gosch, EA and Ginsburg, GS and Rynn,
MA and Piacentini, JC and McCracken, JT and Keeton, CP and Suveg, CM and Aschenbrand, SG and Sakolsky, D and Iyengar, S and Walkup, JT and Albano, AM},
Title = {Predictors and moderators of treatment response in childhood
anxiety disorders: results from the CAMS
trial.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {82},
Number = {2},
Pages = {212-224},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine predictors and moderators of
treatment outcomes among 488 youths ages 7-17 years (50%
female; 74% ≤ 12 years) meeting Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; American
Psychiatric Association, 2000) criteria for diagnoses of
separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, or generalized
anxiety disorder who were randomly assigned to receive
either cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), sertraline (SRT),
their combination (COMB), or medication management with pill
placebo (PBO) in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Study (CAMS). METHOD: Six classes of predictor and moderator
variables (22 variables) were identified from the literature
and examined using continuous (Pediatric Anxiety Ratings
Scale; PARS) and categorical (Clinical Global Impression
Scale-Improvement; CGI-I) outcome measures. RESULTS: Three
baseline variables predicted better outcomes (independent of
treatment condition) on the PARS, including low anxiety
severity (as measured by parents and independent evaluators)
and caregiver strain. No baseline variables were found to
predict Week 12 responder status (CGI-I). Participants'
principal diagnosis moderated treatment outcomes but only on
the PARS. No baseline variables were found to moderate
treatment outcomes on Week 12 responder status (CGI-I).
DISCUSSION: Overall, anxious children responded favorably to
CAMS treatments. However, having more severe and impairing
anxiety, greater caregiver strain, and a principal diagnosis
of social phobia were associated with less favorable
outcomes. Clinical implications of these findings are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0035458},
Key = {fds302627}
}
@article{fds302629,
Author = {Piacentini, J and Bennett, S and Compton, SN and Kendall, PC and Birmaher, B and Albano, AM and March, J and Sherrill, J and Sakolsky, D and Ginsburg, G and Rynn, M and Bergman, RL and Gosch, E and Waslick, B and Iyengar, S and McCracken, J and Walkup, J},
Title = {24- and 36-week outcomes for the Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Study (CAMS).},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {53},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-310},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We report active treatment group differences on
response and remission rates and changes in anxiety severity
at weeks 24 and 36 for the Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Study (CAMS). METHOD: CAMS youth (N = 488; 74%
≤ 12 years of age) with DSM-IV separation, generalized, or
social anxiety disorder were randomized to 12 weeks of
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), sertraline (SRT),
CBT+SRT (COMB), or medication management/pill placebo (PBO).
Responders attended 6 monthly booster sessions in their
assigned treatment arm; youth in COMB and SRT continued on
their medication throughout this period. Efficacy of COMB,
SRT, and CBT (n = 412) was assessed at 24 and 36 weeks
postrandomization. Youth randomized to PBO (n = 76) were
offered active CAMS treatment if nonresponsive at week 12 or
over follow-up and were not included here. Independent
evaluators blind to study condition assessed anxiety
severity, functioning, and treatment response. Concomitant
treatments were allowed but monitored over follow-up.
RESULTS: The majority (>80%) of acute responders maintained
positive response at both weeks 24 and 36. Consistent with
acute outcomes, COMB maintained advantage over CBT and SRT,
which did not differ, on dimensional outcomes; the 3
treatments did not differ on most categorical outcomes over
follow-up. Compared to COMB and CBT, youth in SRT obtained
more concomitant psychosocial treatments, whereas those in
SRT and CBT obtained more concomitant combined (medication
plus psychosocial) treatment. CONCLUSIONS: COMB maintained
advantage over CBT and SRT on some measures over follow-up,
whereas the 2 monotherapies remained indistinguishable. The
observed convergence of COMB and monotherapy may be related
to greater use of concomitant treatment during follow-up
among youth receiving the monotherapies, although other
explanations are possible. Although outcomes were variable,
most CAMS-treated youth experienced sustained treatment
benefit. Clinical trial registration information-Child and
Adolescent Anxiety Disorders (CAMS); URL:
http://clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier:
NCT00052078.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2013.11.010},
Key = {fds302629}
}
@article{fds302630,
Author = {Ginsburg, GS and Becker, EM and Keeton, CP and Sakolsky, D and Piacentini, J and Albano, AM and Compton, SN and Iyengar, S and Sullivan, K and Caporino, N and Peris, T and Birmaher, B and Rynn, M and March, J and Kendall, PC},
Title = {Naturalistic follow-up of youths treated for pediatric
anxiety disorders.},
Journal = {JAMA Psychiatry},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {310-318},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {2168-622X},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Pediatric anxiety disorders are highly prevalent
and impairing and are considered gateway disorders in that
they predict adult psychiatric problems. Although they can
be effectively treated in the short term, data are limited
on the long-term outcomes in treated children and
adolescents, particularly those treated with medication.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether acute clinical improvement
and treatment type (i.e., cognitive behavioral therapy,
medication, or their combination) predicted remission of
anxiety and improvement in global functioning at a mean of 6
years after randomization and to examine predictors of
outcomes at follow-up. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
This naturalistic follow-up study, as part of the
Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study
(CAMELS), was conducted at 6 academic sites in the United
States and included 288 youths (age range, 11-26 years;
mean age, 17 years). Youths were randomized to 1 of 4
interventions (cognitive behavioral therapy, medication,
combination, or pill placebo) in the Child/Adolescent
Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS) and were evaluated a mean of
6 years after randomization. Participants in this study
constituted 59.0% of the original CAMS sample. EXPOSURES:
Participants were assessed by independent evaluators using a
semistructured diagnostic interview to determine the
presence of anxiety disorders, the severity of anxiety, and
global functioning. Participants and their parents completed
questionnaires about mental health symptoms, family
functioning, life events, and mental health service use.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Remission, defined as the
absence of all study entry anxiety disorders. RESULTS Almost
half of the sample (46.5%) were in remission a mean of 6
years after randomization. Responders to acute treatment
were significantly more likely to be in remission (odds
ratio, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.08-3.09) and had less severe
anxiety symptoms and higher functioning; the assigned
treatment arm was unrelated to outcomes. Several predictors
of remission and functioning were identified. CONCLUSIONS
AND RELEVANCE: Youths rated as responders during the acute
treatment phase of CAMS were more likely to be in remission
a mean of 6 years after randomization, although the effect
size was small. Relapse occurred in almost half (48%) of
acute responders, suggesting the need for more intensive or
continued treatment for a sizable proportion of youths with
anxiety disorders. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov
Identifier: NCT00052078.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4186},
Key = {fds302630}
}
@article{fds271457,
Author = {Beidas, RS and Lindhiem, O and Brodman, DM and Swan, A and Carper, M and Cummings, C and Kendall, PC and Albano, AM and Rynn, M and Piacentini,
J and McCracken, J and Compton, SN and March, J and Walkup, J and Ginsburg,
G and Keeton, CP and Birmaher, B and Sakolsky, D and Sherrill,
J},
Title = {A probabilistic and individualized approach for predicting
treatment gains: an extension and application to anxiety
disordered youth.},
Journal = {Behav Ther},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {126-136},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0005-7894},
Abstract = {The objective of this study was to extend the probability of
treatment benefit method by adding treatment condition as a
stratifying variable, and illustrate this extension of the
methodology using the Child and Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Study data. The probability of treatment benefit
method produces a simple and practical way to predict
individualized treatment benefit based on pretreatment
patient characteristics. Two pretreatment patient
characteristics were selected in the production of the
probability of treatment benefit charts: baseline anxiety
severity, measured by the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale,
and treatment condition (cognitive-behavioral therapy,
sertraline, their combination, and placebo). We produced two
charts as exemplars which provide individualized and
probabilistic information for treatment response and outcome
to treatments for child anxiety. We discuss the implications
of the use of the probability of treatment benefit method,
particularly with regard to patient-centered outcomes and
individualized decision-making in psychology and
psychiatry.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.beth.2013.05.001},
Key = {fds271457}
}
@article{fds271456,
Author = {Wei, C and Hoff, A and Villabø, MA and Peterman, J and Kendall, PC and Piacentini, J and McCracken, J and Walkup, JT and Albano, AM and Rynn,
M and Sherrill, J and Sakolsky, D and Birmaher, B and Ginsburg, G and Keeton, C and Gosch, E and Compton, SN and March,
J},
Title = {Assessing anxiety in youth with the multidimensional anxiety
scale for children.},
Journal = {J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol},
Volume = {43},
Number = {4},
Pages = {566-578},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {1537-4416},
Abstract = {The present study examined the psychometric properties,
including discriminant validity and clinical utility, of the
youth self-report and parent-report forms of the
Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) among
youth with anxiety disorders. The sample included parents
and youth (N = 488, 49.6% male) ages 7 to 17 who
participated in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Study. Although the typical low agreement between parent and
youth self-reports was found, the MASC evidenced good
internal reliability across MASC subscales and informants.
The main MASC subscales (i.e., Physical Symptoms, Harm
Avoidance, Social Anxiety, and Separation/Panic) were
examined. The Social Anxiety and Separation/Panic subscales
were found to be significantly predictive of the presence
and severity of social phobia and separation anxiety
disorder, respectively. Using multiple informants improved
the accuracy of prediction. The MASC subscales demonstrated
good psychometric properties and clinical utilities in
identifying youth with anxiety disorders.},
Doi = {10.1080/15374416.2013.814541},
Key = {fds271456}
}
@article{fds302632,
Author = {Cummings, CM and Caporino, NE and Settipani, CA and Read, KL and Compton, SN and March, J and Sherrill, J and Piacentini, J and McCracken, J and Walkup, JT and Ginsburg, G and Albano, AM and Rynn, M and Birmaher, B and Sakolsky, D and Gosch, E and Keeton, C and Kendall,
PC},
Title = {The therapeutic relationship in cognitive-behavioral therapy
and pharmacotherapy for anxious youth.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {81},
Number = {5},
Pages = {859-864},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000324780500012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We examined the therapeutic relationship with
cognitive-behavioral therapists and with pharmacotherapists
for youth from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study
(Walkup et al., 2008). The therapeutic relationship was
examined in relation to treatment outcomes. METHOD:
Participants were 488 youth (ages 7-17 years; 50% male)
randomized to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT; Coping
Cat), pharmacotherapy (sertraline), their combination, or
placebo pill. Participants met criteria for generalized
anxiety disorder, social phobia, and/or separation anxiety
disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; American Psychiatric
Association, 1994). The therapeutic relationship was
assessed by youth report at Weeks 6 and 12 of treatment
using the Child's Perception of Therapeutic Relationship
scale (Kendall et al., 1997). Outcome measures (Pediatric
Anxiety Rating Scale; Research Units on Pediatric
Psychopharmacology Anxiety Study Group, 2002; and Clinical
Global Impressions Scales; Guy, 1976) were completed by
independent evaluators blind to condition. RESULTS: For
youth who received CBT only, a stronger therapeutic
relationship predicted positive treatment outcome. In
contrast, the therapeutic relationship did not predict
outcome for youth receiving sertraline, combined treatment,
or placebo. CONCLUSION: A therapeutic relationship may be
important for anxious youth who receive CBT
alone.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0033294},
Key = {fds302632}
}
@article{fds271458,
Author = {Podell, JL and Kendall, PC and Gosch, EA and Compton, SN and March, JS and Albano, A-M and Rynn, MA and Walkup, JT and Sherrill, JT and Ginsburg,
GS and Keeton, CP and Birmaher, B and Piacentini,
JC},
Title = {Therapist Factors and Outcomes in CBT for Anxiety in
Youth.},
Journal = {Prof Psychol Res Pr},
Volume = {44},
Number = {2},
Pages = {89-98},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0735-7028},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000318146500004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This study examined the relationship between therapist
factors and child outcomes in anxious youth who received
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) as part of the
Child-Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS). Of the 488
youth who participated in the CAMS project, 279 were
randomly assigned to one of the CBT conditions (CBT only or
CBT plus sertraline). Participants included youth (ages
7-17; M = 10.76) who met criteria for a principal anxiety
disorder. Therapists included 38 cognitive-behavioral
therapists. Therapist style, treatment integrity, and
therapist experience were examined in relation to child
outcome. Child outcome was measured via child, parent, and
independent evaluator report. Therapists who were more
collaborative and empathic, followed the treatment manual,
and implemented it in a developmentally appropriate way had
youth with better treatment outcomes. Therapist "coach"
style was a significant predictor of child-reported outcome,
with the collaborative "coach" style predicting fewer
child-reported symptoms. Higher levels of therapist prior
clinical experience and lower levels of prior
anxiety-specific experience were significant predictors of
better treatment outcome. Findings suggest that although all
therapists used the same manual-guided treatment, therapist
style, experience, and clinical skills were related to
differences in child outcome. Clinical implications and
recommendations for future research are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0031700},
Key = {fds271458}
}
@article{fds271482,
Author = {Conelea, CA and Woods, DW and Zinner, SH and Budman, CL and Murphy, TK and Scahill, LD and Compton, SN and Walkup, JT},
Title = {The impact of Tourette Syndrome in adults: results from the
Tourette Syndrome impact survey.},
Journal = {Community Ment Health J},
Volume = {49},
Number = {1},
Pages = {110-120},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0010-3853},
Abstract = {Chronic tic disorders (CTD) are characterized by motor
and/or vocal tics. Existing data on the impact of tics in
adulthood is limited by small, treatment-seeking samples or
by data aggregated across adults and children. The current
study explored the functional impact of tics in adults using
a nationwide sample of 672 participants with a self-reported
CTD. The impact of tics on physical, social,
occupational/academic, and psychological functioning was
assessed. Results suggested mild to moderate functional
impairment and positive correlations between impairment and
tic severity. Notable portions of the sample reported social
or public avoidance and experiences of discrimination
resulting from tics. Compared to previously reported
population norms, participants had more psychological
difficulties, greater disability, and lower quality of life.
The current study suggests that CTDs can adversely impact
functioning in adults and highlights the need for clinical
interventions and systemic efforts to address tic-related
impairments.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10597-011-9465-y},
Key = {fds271482}
}
@article{fds271460,
Author = {Barlow, A and Mullany, B and Neault, N and Compton, S and Carter, A and Hastings, R and Billy, T and Coho-Mescal, V and Lorenzo, S and Walkup,
JT},
Title = {Effect of a paraprofessional home-visiting intervention on
American Indian teen mothers’ and infants’ behavioral
risks: a randomized controlled trial.},
Journal = {Am J Psychiatry},
Volume = {170},
Number = {1},
Pages = {83-93},
Publisher = {American Psychiatric Publishing},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-953X},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to examine the effectiveness
of Family Spirit, a paraprofessional-delivered,
home-visiting pregnancy and early childhood intervention,in
improving American Indian teen mothers’ parenting outcomes
and mothers’and children’s emotional and behavioral
functioning 12 months postpartum. METHOD: Pregnant American
Indian teens(N=322) from four southwestern tribal
reservation communities were randomlyassigned in equal
numbers to the Family Spirit intervention plus optimized
standard care or to optimized standard care alone. Parent
and child emotional and behavioral outcome data were
collected at baseline and at 2, 6, and 12 months postpartum
using self-reports, interviews,and observational measures.
RESULTS: At 12 months postpartum, mothers in the
intervention group had significantly greater parenting
knowledge parenting self-efficacy, and home safety attitudes
and fewer externalizing behaviors,and their children had
fewer externalizing problems. In a subsample of mothers with
any lifetime substance use at baseline (N=285; 88.5%),
children in the intervention group had fewer externalizing
and dysregulation problems than those in the standard care
group, and fewer scored in the clinically “at risk”
range ($10th percentile) for externalizing and internalizing
problems. No between-group differences were observed for
outcomes measured by the Home Observation for Measurement of
the Environment scale. CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes 12 months
postpartum suggest that the Family Spirit intervention
improves parenting and infant outcomes that predict lower
lifetime behavioral and drug use risk for participating teen
mothers and children.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12010121},
Key = {fds271460}
}
@article{fds271488,
Author = {Caporino, NE and Brodman, DM and Kendall, PC and Albano, AM and Sherrill, J and Piacentini, J and Sakolsky, D and Birmaher, B and Compton, SN and Ginsburg, G and Rynn, M and McCracken, J and Gosch, E and Keeton, C and March, J and Walkup, JT},
Title = {Defining treatment response and remission in child anxiety:
signal detection analysis using the pediatric anxiety rating
scale.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-67},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine optimal Pediatric Anxiety Rating
Scale (PARS) percent reduction and raw score cut-offs for
predicting treatment response and remission among children
and adolescents with anxiety disorders. METHOD: Data were
from a subset of youth (N = 438; 7-17 years of age) who
participated in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Study (CAMS), a multi-site, randomized controlled trial that
examined the relative efficacy of cognitive-behavioral
therapy (CBT; Coping Cat), medication (sertraline [SRT]),
their combination, and pill placebo for the treatment of
separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder,
and social phobia. The clinician-rated PARS was administered
pre- and posttreatment (delivered over 12 weeks). Quality
receiver operating characteristic methods assessed the
performance of various PARS percent reductions and absolute
cut-off scores in predicting treatment response and
remission, as determined by posttreatment ratings on the
Clinical Global Impression scales and the Anxiety Disorders
Interview Schedule for DSM-IV. Corresponding change in
impairment was evaluated using the Child Anxiety Impact
Scale. RESULTS: Reductions of 35% and 50% on the six-item
PARS optimally predicted treatment response and remission,
respectively. Post-treatment PARS raw scores of 8 to 10
optimally predicted remission. Anxiety improved as a
function of PARS-defined treatment response and remission.
CONCLUSIONS: Results serve as guidelines for
operationalizing treatment response and remission in future
research and in making cross-study comparisons. These
guidelines can facilitate translation of research findings
into clinical practice.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2012.10.006},
Key = {fds271488}
}
@article{fds271489,
Author = {Almirall, D and Compton, SN and Rynn, MA and Walkup, JT and Murphy,
SA},
Title = {SMARTer discontinuation trial designs for developing an
adaptive treatment strategy.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {22},
Number = {5},
Pages = {364-374},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Developing evidenced-based practices for the
management of childhood psychiatric disorders requires
research studies that address how to treat children during
both the acute phase of the disorder and beyond. Given the
selection of a medication for acute treatment,
discontinuation trials are used to evaluate the effects of
treatment duration (e.g., time on medication) and/or
maintenance strategies following successful acute-phase
treatment. Recently, sequential multiple assignment
randomized trials (SMART) have been proposed for use in
informing sequences of critical clinical decisions such as
those mentioned. The objective of this article is to
illustrate how a SMART study is related to the standard
discontinuation trial design, while addressing additional
clinically important questions with similar trial resources.
METHOD: The recently completed Child/Adolescent Anxiety
Multimodal Study (CAMS), a randomized trial that examined
the relative efficacy of three acute-phase treatments for
pediatric anxiety disorders, along with a next logical step,
a standard discontinuation trial design, is used to clarify
the ideas. This example is used to compare the
discontinuation trial design relative to the SMART design.
RESULTS: We find that the standard discontinuation trial can
be modified slightly using a SMART design to yield
high-quality data that can be used to address a wider
variety of questions in addition to the impact of treatment
duration. We discuss how this innovative trial design is
ultimately more efficient and less costly than the standard
discontinuation trial, and may result in more representative
comparisons between treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Mental health
researchers who are interested in addressing questions
concerning the effects of continued treatment (for different
durations) following successful acute-phase treatment should
consider SMART designs in place of discontinuation trial
designs in their research. SMART designs can be used to
address these and other questions concerning individualized
sequences of treatment, such as the choice of a rescue
treatment in case of postacute phase relapse.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2011.0073},
Key = {fds271489}
}
@article{fds271490,
Author = {Almirall, D and Compton, SN and Gunlicks-Stoessel, M and Duan, N and Murphy, SA},
Title = {Designing a pilot sequential multiple assignment randomized
trial for developing an adaptive treatment
strategy.},
Journal = {Stat Med},
Volume = {31},
Number = {17},
Pages = {1887-1902},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0277-6715},
Abstract = {There is growing interest in how best to adapt and readapt
treatments to individuals to maximize clinical benefit. In
response, adaptive treatment strategies (ATS), which
operationalize adaptive, sequential clinical decision
making, have been developed. From a patient's perspective an
ATS is a sequence of treatments, each individualized to the
patient's evolving health status. From a clinician's
perspective, an ATS is a sequence of decision rules that
input the patient's current health status and output the
next recommended treatment. Sequential multiple assignment
randomized trials (SMART) have been developed to address the
sequencing questions that arise in the development of ATSs,
but SMARTs are relatively new in clinical research. This
article provides an introduction to ATSs and SMART designs.
This article also discusses the design of SMART pilot
studies to address feasibility concerns, and to prepare
investigators for a full-scale SMART. We consider an example
SMART for the development of an ATS in the treatment of
pediatric generalized anxiety disorders. Using the example
SMART, we identify and discuss design issues unique to
SMARTs that are best addressed in an external pilot study
prior to the full-scale SMART. We also address the question
of how many participants are needed in a SMART pilot study.
A properly executed pilot study can be used to effectively
address concerns about acceptability and feasibility in
preparation for (that is, prior to) executing a full-scale
SMART.},
Doi = {10.1002/sim.4512},
Key = {fds271490}
}
@article{fds271487,
Author = {Lewin, AB and Murphy, TK and Storch, EA and Conelea, CA and Woods, DW and Scahill, LD and Compton, SN and Zinner, SH and Budman, CL and Walkup,
JT},
Title = {A phenomenological investigation of women with Tourette or
other chronic tic disorders.},
Journal = {Compr Psychiatry},
Volume = {53},
Number = {5},
Pages = {525-534},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0010-440X},
Abstract = {There are little data concerning clinical characteristics of
women with Tourette disorder and chronic tic disorders in
the extant literature and what is available mostly focuses
on treatment-seeking individuals. The present research was
conducted to provide a phenomenological characterization of
tic disorders among 185 adult women with tic disorders. In
addition to providing a descriptive overview of specific tic
symptoms, tic severity, self-reported history of other
psychiatric conditions, and impairment/lifestyle impact due
to tics, this study compares 185 women and 275 men between
18 and 79 years old with tic disorders (who completed an
identical battery of measures) based on demographic,
social/economic status indicators, psychiatric variables
(comorbidity, family psychiatric history, symptom
presentation), adaptive functioning/quality of life, and
impairment variables among a nonclinical adult sample.
Finally, this research examines the relationship between tic
severity and impairment indicators among women with tics.
Sixty-eight percent of women in our sample reported severe
motor tics and 40% reported severe phonic tics. Our
exploratory data suggest that a sizeable number of adult
women with persistent tics are suffering from psychiatric
comorbidity and psychosocial consequences such as
underachievement and social distress. Tic severity in women
may be associated with lifestyle interference as well as
with symptoms of depression and anxiety, and such symptoms
may be more common among women with tics than in men with
tics.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.07.004},
Key = {fds271487}
}
@article{fds271486,
Author = {Ginsburg, GS and Kendall, PC and Sakolsky, D and Compton, SN and Piacentini, J and Albano, AM and Walkup, JT and Sherrill, J and Coffey,
KA and Rynn, MA and Keeton, CP and McCracken, JT and Bergman, L and Iyengar, S and Birmaher, B and March, J},
Title = {Remission after acute treatment in children and adolescents
with anxiety disorders: findings from the
CAMS.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {79},
Number = {6},
Pages = {806-813},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To report on remission rates in anxious youth who
participated in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal
Study (CAMS). The CAMS, a multisite clinical trial,
randomized 488 children and adolescents (ages 7-17 years;
79% Caucasian; 50% female) with separation, social, and/or
generalized anxiety disorder to a 12-week treatment of
sertraline (SRT), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), their
combination (COMB), or clinical management with pill placebo
(PBO). METHOD: The primary definition of remission was loss
of all study-entry anxiety disorder diagnoses; additional
definitions of remission were used. All outcomes were rated
by independent evaluators blind to treatment assignment.
Predictors of remission were also examined. RESULTS:
Remission rates after 12 weeks of treatment ranged from 46%
to 68% for COMB, 34% to 46% for SRT, 20% to 46% for CBT, and
15% to 27% for PBO. Rates of remission (i.e., achieving a
nearly symptom-free state) were significantly lower than
rates of response (i.e., achieving a clinically meaningful
improvement relative to baseline) for the entire sample.
Youth who received COMB had significantly higher rates of
remission compared to all other treatment groups. Both
monotherapies had higher remission rates compared to PBO,
but rates were not different from each other. Predictors of
remission were younger age, nonminority status, lower
baseline anxiety severity, absence of other internalizing
disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression), and absence of social
phobia. CONCLUSIONS: For the majority of children, some
symptoms of anxiety persisted, even among those showing
improvement after 12 weeks of treatment, suggesting a need
to augment or extend current treatments for some
children.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0025933},
Key = {fds271486}
}
@article{fds271485,
Author = {Franklin, ME and Sapyta, J and Freeman, JB and Khanna, M and Compton, S and Almirall, D and Moore, P and Choate-Summers, M and Garcia, A and Edson,
AL and Foa, EB and March, JS},
Title = {Cognitive behavior therapy augmentation of pharmacotherapy
in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: the Pediatric
OCD Treatment Study II (POTS II) randomized controlled
trial.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {306},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1224-1232},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21934055},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: The extant literature on the treatment of pediatric
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) indicates that partial
response to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) is the norm
and that augmentation with short-term OCD-specific cognitive
behavior therapy (CBT) may provide additional benefit.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of augmenting SRIs with
CBT or a brief form of CBT, instructions in CBT delivered in
the context of medication management. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
PARTICIPANTS: A 12-week randomized controlled trial
conducted at 3 academic medical centers between 2004 and
2009, involving 124 pediatric outpatients between the ages
of 7 and 17 years with OCD as a primary diagnosis and a
Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale score of 16
or higher despite an adequate SRI trial. INTERVENTIONS:
Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment
strategies that included 7 sessions over 12 weeks: 42 in the
medication management only, 42 in the medication management
plus instructions in CBT, and 42 in the medication
management plus CBT; the last included 14 concurrent CBT
sessions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Whether patients responded
positively to treatment by improving their baseline
obsessive-compulsive scale score by 30% or more and
demonstrating a change in their continuous scores over 12
weeks. RESULTS: The medication management plus CBT strategy
was superior to the other 2 strategies on all outcome
measures. In the primary intention-to-treat analysis, 68.6%
(95% CI, 53.9%-83.3%) in the plus CBT group were considered
responders, which was significantly better than the 34.0%
(95% CI, 18.0%-50.0%) in the plus instructions in CBT group,
and 30.0% (95% CI, 14.9%-45.1%) in the medication management
only group. The results were similar in pairwise comparisons
with the plus CBT strategy being superior to the other 2
strategies (P < .01 for both). The plus instructions in CBT
strategy was not statistically superior to medication
management only (P = .72). The number needed-to-treat
analysis with the plus CBT vs medication management only in
order to see 1 additional patient at week 12, on average,
was estimated as 3; for the plus CBT vs the plus
instructions in CBT strategy, the number needed to treat was
also estimated as 3; for the plus instructions in CBT vs
medication management only the number needed to treat was
estimated as 25. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients aged 7 to 17
years with OCD and partial response to SRI use, the addition
of CBT to medication management compared with medication
management alone resulted in a significantly greater
response rate, whereas augmentation of medication management
with the addition of instructions in CBT did not. TRIAL
REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:
NCT00074815.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2011.1344},
Key = {fds271485}
}
@article{fds271483,
Author = {Conelea, CA and Woods, DW and Zinner, SH and Budman, C and Murphy, T and Scahill, LD and Compton, SN and Walkup, J},
Title = {Exploring the impact of chronic tic disorders on youth:
results from the Tourette Syndrome Impact
Survey.},
Journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {219-242},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0009-398X},
Abstract = {Prior research has demonstrated that chronic tic disorders
(CTD) are associated with functional impairment across
several domains. However, methodological limitations, such
as data acquired by parental report, datasets aggregated
across child and adult samples, and small treatment-seeking
samples, curtail interpretation. The current study explored
the functional impact of tics among youth in a large,
"virtual" community sample. An Internet-based survey was
completed by families with children who had CTD. The sample
included 740 parents and 232 of their children (ages 10-17
years). The survey assessed impact across five functional
domains: physical, social, familial, academic, and
psychological. Health-related quality of life and
perceptions of discrimination resulting from tics were also
assessed. Results suggest that (1) youth with CTD experience
mild to moderate functional impairment, (2) impairment is
generally positively correlated with tic severity, (3)
children with CTD plus one or more co-occurring psychiatric
conditions tend to have greater functional impairment, and
(4) a notable portion of youth with CTD experience
discrimination due to tics. Implications and limitations of
these findings are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10578-010-0211-4},
Key = {fds271483}
}
@article{fds271484,
Author = {Lewin, AB and Storch, EA and Conelea, CA and Woods, DW and Zinner, SH and Budman, CL and Scahill, LD and Compton, SN and Walkup, JT and Murphy,
TK},
Title = {The roles of anxiety and depression in connecting tic
severity and functional impairment.},
Journal = {J Anxiety Disord},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {164-168},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0887-6185},
Abstract = {The current study examined relationships between tic
severity and both functional impairment and perceived
quality of life (QOL) in adults with a chronic tic disorder.
The authors explored whether these relationships were
moderated by anxiety and depressive symptoms. Five-hundred
adults with Tourette's Disorder, Chronic Motor Tic Disorder,
or Chronic Vocal Tic Disorder participated in a
comprehensive self-report internet-based survey. Anxiety and
depressive symptoms moderated the relationship between tic
severity and functional impairment such that stronger
relationships were documented in participants with elevated
depressive or anxious symptoms. Limitations and implications
for research and clinical practice are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.08.016},
Key = {fds271484}
}
@article{fds271481,
Author = {Franklin, ME and Best, SH and Wilson, MA and Loew, B and Compton,
SN},
Title = {Habit Reversal Training and Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy for Tourette Syndrome: A Pilot Project},
Journal = {Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-60},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1056-263X},
Abstract = {Chronic tic disorders (CTDs), including Tourette Syndrome,
affect approximately 1 in 100 individuals, and pediatric
onset is the norm. Pharmacotherapy has traditionally been
the first line of treatment for CTD. However, given that
partial response to pharmacotherapy is typical and that the
side effect profile for efficacious medications warrants
consideration before initiating treatment, there is a clear
need to develop and disseminate psychosocial treatments to
enhance outcomes among individuals with CTDs. The current
report describes findings from a pilot project designed to:
(a) train two sites in behavior therapy involving Habit
Reversal Training (HRT) for CTDs; (b) pilot test the HRT
protocol in adolescents and young adults with CTDs; (c)
develop and refine a combined Habit Reversal Training plus
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (HRT+ACT) protocol for
CTDs; and (d) pilot test the combined protocol in
adolescents and young adults with CTDs. Results indicated
that, on average, both the HRT alone and the HRT+ACT groups
experienced substantial, clinically relevant, durable, and
comparable reductions in tic symptoms through the 1 month
follow-up, as well as improvements in participant and
parent-rated global functioning over this same period. ©
2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10882-010-9221-1},
Key = {fds271481}
}
@article{fds271479,
Author = {Kendall, PC and Compton, SN and Walkup, JT and Birmaher, B and Albano,
AM and Sherrill, J and Ginsburg, G and Rynn, M and McCracken, J and Gosch,
E and Keeton, C and Bergman, L and Sakolsky, D and Suveg, C and Iyengar, S and March, J and Piacentini, J},
Title = {Clinical characteristics of anxiety disordered
youth.},
Journal = {J Anxiety Disord},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {360-365},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0887-6185},
Abstract = {Reports the characteristics of a large, representative
sample of treatment-seeking anxious youth (N=488).
Participants, aged 7-17 years (mean 10.7 years), had a
principal DSM-IV diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder
(SAD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or social phobia
(SP). Although youth with a co-primary diagnosis for which a
different disorder-specific treatment would be indicated
(e.g., major depressive disorder, substance abuse) were not
included, there were few other exclusion criteria.
Participants and their parent/guardian underwent an
extensive baseline assessment using a broad array of
measures capturing diagnostic status, anxiety symptoms and
severity, and areas of functional impairment. Means and
standard deviations of the measures of psychopathology and
data on diagnostic status are provided. The sample had
moderate to severe anxiety disorder and was highly comorbid,
with 55.3% of participants meeting criteria for at least one
non-targeted DSM-IV disorder. Anxiety disorders in youth
often do not present as a single/focused disorder: such
disorders in youth overlap in symptoms and are highly
comorbid among themselves.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.01.009},
Key = {fds271479}
}
@article{fds271476,
Author = {Walkup, JT and Compton, S},
Title = {Use of Antidepressants in Children: Is It Time for a
Comparative Effectiveness Trial? Deputy Editor's
Comment},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {49},
Number = {2},
Pages = {186-188},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2009.11.007},
Key = {fds271476}
}
@article{fds271480,
Author = {Walkup, JT and Compton, S},
Title = {Review: Pharmacotherapy increases response and reduces
symptom severity in paediatric anxiety disorders},
Journal = {Evidence-Based Mental Health},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19},
Publisher = {BMJ},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1362-0347},
Doi = {10.1136/ebmh.13.1.19},
Key = {fds271480}
}
@article{fds271477,
Author = {Compton, SN and Walkup, JT and Albano, AM and Piacentini, JC and Birmaher, B and Sherrill, JT and Ginsburg, GS and Rynn, MA and McCracken, JT and Waslick, BD and Iyengar, S and Kendall, PC and March,
JS},
Title = {Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS): rationale,
design, and methods.},
Journal = {Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {1},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20051130},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To present the design, methods, and rationale of
the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS), a
recently completed federally-funded, multi-site, randomized
placebo-controlled trial that examined the relative efficacy
of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT), sertraline (SRT), and
their combination (COMB) against pill placebo (PBO) for the
treatment of separation anxiety disorder (SAD), generalized
anxiety disorder (GAD) and social phobia (SoP) in children
and adolescents. METHODS: Following a brief review of the
acute outcomes of the CAMS trial, as well as the
psychosocial and pharmacologic treatment literature for
pediatric anxiety disorders, the design and methods of the
CAMS trial are described. RESULTS: CAMS was a six-year,
six-site, randomized controlled trial. Four hundred
eighty-eight (N = 488) children and adolescents (ages 7-17
years) with DSM-IV-TR diagnoses of SAD, GAD, or SoP were
randomly assigned to one of four treatment conditions: CBT,
SRT, COMB, or PBO. Assessments of anxiety symptoms, safety,
and functional outcomes, as well as putative mediators and
moderators of treatment response were completed in a
multi-measure, multi-informant fashion. Manual-based
therapies, trained clinicians and independent evaluators
were used to ensure treatment and assessment fidelity. A
multi-layered administrative structure with representation
from all sites facilitated cross-site coordination of the
entire trial, study protocols and quality assurance.
CONCLUSIONS: CAMS offers a model for clinical trials methods
applicable to psychosocial and psychopharmacological
comparative treatment trials by using state-of-the-art
methods and rigorous cross-site quality controls. CAMS also
provided a large-scale examination of the relative and
combined efficacy and safety of the best evidenced-based
psychosocial (CBT) and pharmacologic (SSRI) treatments to
date for the most commonly occurring pediatric anxiety
disorders. Primary and secondary results of CAMS will hold
important implications for informing practice-relevant
decisions regarding the initial treatment of youth with
anxiety disorders. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00052078.},
Doi = {10.1186/1753-2000-4-1},
Key = {fds271477}
}
@article{fds369783,
Author = {Almirall, D and Compton, S and Murphy, SA},
Title = {Development of adaptive treatment strategies in mood
disorders: Rethinking maintenance therapy
trials},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {29-29},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds369783}
}
@article{fds327206,
Author = {Compton, SN and Atkins, DC},
Title = {Statistics and research methodology at ABCT: AMASS and
beyond},
Journal = {the Behavior Therapist},
Volume = {33},
Number = {7},
Pages = {140-141},
Year = {2010},
Abstract = {Twenty years ago, hierarchical regression and analysis of
covariance were the established statistical methods commonly
found in clinical psychology research studies. At present,
these methods have largely given way to hierarchical linear
models (HLM) and structural equation models (SEM), which are
used in many—if not most—research studies. For more than
two decades, ABCT has attempted to meet the ever-widening
gap by offering a series of workshops during its annual
conference that focus on topics related to statistics and
research methodology. The primary motivation for applied
researchers to stay on top of advances made in statistics
and research methodology is that as our field matures, we
are asking increasingly complex questions about human
behavior that require more sophisticated research designs
and statistical techniques. Here we present findings from
this survey, address a frequent misunderstanding about AMASS
sessions, and introduce the creation of a new Special
Interest Group (SIG) devoted to Clinical Research Methods
and Statistics. Results show that respondents expressed the
most interest for workshops focused on HLM for continuous
and nonnormal outcomes, power analyses, longitudinal
mediation, missing data, and SEM approaches. (PsycINFO
Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights
reserved)},
Key = {fds327206}
}
@article{fds271459,
Author = {Vitiello, B and Brent, DA and Greenhill, LL and Emslie, G and Wells, K and Walkup, JT and Stanley, B and Bukstein, O and Kennard, BD and Compton,
S and Coffey, B and Cwik, MF and Posner, K and Wagner, A and March, JS and Riddle, M and Goldstein, T and Curry, J and Capasso, L and Mayes, T and Shen, S and Gugga, SS and Turner, JB and Barnett, S and Zelazny,
J},
Title = {Depressive symptoms and clinical status during the Treatment
of Adolescent Suicide Attempters (TASA) Study.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {48},
Number = {10},
Pages = {997-1004},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the course of depression during the
treatment of adolescents with depression who had recently
attempted suicide. METHOD: Adolescents (N = 124), ages 12 to
18 years, with a 90-day history of suicide attempt, a
current diagnosis of depressive disorder (96.0% had major
depressive disorder), and a Children's Depression Rating
Scale-Revised (CDRS-R) score of 36 or higher, entered a
6-month treatment with antidepressant medication,
cognitive-behavioral therapy focused on suicide prevention,
or their combination (Comb), at five academic sites.
Treatment assignment could be either random or chosen by
study participants. Intent-to-treat, mixed effects
regression models of depression and other relevant ratings
were estimated. Improvement and remission rates were
computed with the last observation carried forward. RESULTS:
Most patients (n = 104 or 84%) chose treatment assignment,
and overall, three fourths (n = 93) received Comb. In Comb,
CDRS-R declined from a baseline adjusted mean of 49.6 (SD
12.3) to 38.3 (8.0) at week 12 and to 27.0 (10.1) at week 24
(p < .0001), with a Clinical Global Impression -defined
improvement rate of 58.0% at week 12 and 72.2% at week 24
and a remission (CDRS-R ≤ 28) rate of 32.5% at week 12 and
50.0% at week 24. The CDRS-R and the Scale for Suicidal
Ideation scores were correlated at baseline (r = 0.43, p <
.0001) and declined in parallel. CONCLUSIONS: When
vigorously treated with a combination of medication and
psychotherapy, adolescents with depression who have recently
attempted suicide show rates of improvement and remission of
depression that seem comparable to those observed in
nonsuicidal adolescents with depression.},
Doi = {10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181b5db66},
Key = {fds271459}
}
@article{fds271478,
Author = {Brent, DA and Greenhill, LL and Compton, S and Emslie, G and Wells, K and Walkup, JT and Vitiello, B and Bukstein, O and Stanley, B and Posner, K and Kennard, BD and Cwik, MF and Wagner, A and Coffey, B and March, JS and Riddle, M and Goldstein, T and Curry, J and Barnett, S and Capasso, L and Zelazny, J and Hughes, J and Shen, S and Gugga, SS and Turner,
JB},
Title = {The Treatment of Adolescent Suicide Attempters study (TASA):
predictors of suicidal events in an open treatment
trial.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {48},
Number = {10},
Pages = {987-996},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19730274},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To identify the predictors of suicidal events and
attempts in adolescent suicide attempters with depression
treated in an open treatment trial. METHOD: Adolescents who
had made a recent suicide attempt and had unipolar
depression (n =124) were either randomized (n = 22) or given
a choice (n = 102) among three conditions. Two participants
withdrew before treatment assignment. The remaining 124
youths received a specialized psychotherapy for suicide
attempting adolescents (n = 17), a medication algorithm (n =
14), or the combination (n = 93). The participants were
followed up 6 months after intake with respect to rate,
timing, and predictors of a suicidal event (attempt or acute
suicidal ideation necessitating emergency referral).
RESULTS: The morbid risks of suicidal events and attempts on
6-month follow-up were 0.19 and 0.12, respectively, with a
median time to event of 44 days. Higher self-rated
depression, suicidal ideation, family income, greater number
of previous suicide attempts, lower maximum lethality of
previous attempt, history of sexual abuse, and lower family
cohesion predicted the occurrence, and earlier time to
event, with similar findings for the outcome of attempts. A
slower decline in suicidal ideation was associated with the
occurrence of a suicidal event. CONCLUSIONS: In this open
trial, the 6-month morbid risks for suicidal events and for
reattempts were lower than those in other comparable
samples, suggesting that this intervention should be studied
further. Important treatment targets include suicidal
ideation, family cohesion, and sequelae of previous abuse.
Because 40% of events occurred with 4 weeks of intake, an
emphasis on safety planning and increased therapeutic
contact early in treatment may be warranted.},
Doi = {10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181b5dbe4},
Key = {fds271478}
}
@article{fds271475,
Author = {Walkup, JT and Compton, SN and Kendall, PC},
Title = {The authors reply},
Journal = {New England Journal of Medicine},
Volume = {360},
Number = {23},
Pages = {2477},
Publisher = {MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0028-4793},
Doi = {10.1056/NEJMc090635},
Key = {fds271475}
}
@article{fds376564,
Author = {Walkup, JT and Compton, SN and Kendall, PC},
Title = {Behavioral Therapy, Sertraline, or Both in Childhood Anxiety
Reply},
Journal = {NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE},
Volume = {360},
Number = {23},
Pages = {2477-2477},
Publisher = {MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds376564}
}
@article{fds271493,
Author = {Shapiro, M and Silva, SG and Compton, S and Chrisman, A and DeVeaugh-Geiss, J and Breland-Noble, A and Kondo, D and Kirchner, J and March, JS},
Title = {The child and adolescent psychiatry trials network (CAPTN):
infrastructure development and lessons learned.},
Journal = {Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {12},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19320979},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: In 2003, the National Institute of Mental Health
funded the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Trials Network
(CAPTN) under the Advanced Center for Services and
Intervention Research (ACSIR) mechanism. At the time, CAPTN
was believed to be both a highly innovative undertaking and
a highly speculative one. One reviewer even suggested that
CAPTN was "unlikely to succeed, but would be a valuable
learning experience for the field." OBJECTIVE: To describe
valuable lessons learned in building a clinical research
network in pediatric psychiatry, including innovations
intended to decrease barriers to research participation.
METHODS: The CAPTN Team has completed construction of the
CAPTN network infrastructure, conducted a large,
multi-center psychometric study of a novel adverse event
reporting tool, and initiated a large antidepressant safety
registry and linked pharmacogenomic study focused on severe
adverse events. Specific challenges overcome included
establishing structures for network organization and
governance; recruiting over 150 active CAPTN participants
and 15 child psychiatry training programs; developing and
implementing procedures for site contracts, regulatory
compliance, indemnification and malpractice coverage, human
subjects protection training and IRB approval; and
constructing an innovative electronic casa report form
(eCRF) running on a web-based electronic data capture
system; and, finally, establishing procedures for audit
trail oversight requirements put forward by, among others,
the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). CONCLUSION: Given
stable funding for network construction and maintenance, our
experience demonstrates that judicious use of web-based
technologies for profiling investigators, investigator
training, and capturing clinical trials data, when coupled
to innovative approaches to network governance, data
management and site management, can reduce the costs and
burden and improve the feasibility of incorporating clinical
research into routine clinical practice. Having successfully
achieved its initial aim of constructing a network
infrastructure, CAPTN is now a capable platform for large
safety registries, pharmacogenetic studies, and randomized
practical clinical trials in pediatric psychiatry.},
Doi = {10.1186/1753-2000-3-12},
Key = {fds271493}
}
@article{fds271473,
Author = {Walkup, JT and Albano, AM and Piacentini, J and Birmaher, B and Compton,
SN and Sherrill, JT and Ginsburg, GS and Rynn, MA and McCracken, J and Waslick, B and Iyengar, S and March, JS and Kendall,
PC},
Title = {Cognitive behavioral therapy, sertraline, or a combination
in childhood anxiety.},
Journal = {N Engl J Med},
Volume = {359},
Number = {26},
Pages = {2753-2766},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18974308},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are common psychiatric
conditions affecting children and adolescents. Although
cognitive behavioral therapy and selective
serotonin-reuptake inhibitors have shown efficacy in
treating these disorders, little is known about their
relative or combined efficacy. METHODS: In this randomized,
controlled trial, we assigned 488 children between the ages
of 7 and 17 years who had a primary diagnosis of separation
anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or social
phobia to receive 14 sessions of cognitive behavioral
therapy, sertraline (at a dose of up to 200 mg per day), a
combination of sertraline and cognitive behavioral therapy,
or a placebo drug for 12 weeks in a 2:2:2:1 ratio. We
administered categorical and dimensional ratings of anxiety
severity and impairment at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, and
12. RESULTS: The percentages of children who were rated as
very much or much improved on the Clinician Global
Impression-Improvement scale were 80.7% for combination
therapy (P<0.001), 59.7% for cognitive behavioral therapy
(P<0.001), and 54.9% for sertraline (P<0.001); all therapies
were superior to placebo (23.7%). Combination therapy was
superior to both monotherapies (P<0.001). Results on the
Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale documented a similar
magnitude and pattern of response; combination therapy had a
greater response than cognitive behavioral therapy, which
was equivalent to sertraline, and all therapies were
superior to placebo. Adverse events, including suicidal and
homicidal ideation, were no more frequent in the sertraline
group than in the placebo group. No child attempted suicide.
There was less insomnia, fatigue, sedation, and restlessness
associated with cognitive behavioral therapy than with
sertraline. CONCLUSIONS: Both cognitive behavioral therapy
and sertraline reduced the severity of anxiety in children
with anxiety disorders; a combination of the two therapies
had a superior response rate. (ClinicalTrials.gov number,
NCT00052078.)},
Doi = {10.1056/NEJMoa0804633},
Key = {fds271473}
}
@article{fds271474,
Author = {Roy, AK and Vasa, RA and Bruck, M and Mogg, K and Bradley, BP and Sweeney,
M and Bergman, RL and McClure-Tone, EB and Pine, DS and CAMS
Team},
Title = {Attention bias toward threat in pediatric anxiety
disorders.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {47},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1189-1196},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine attention bias toward threat faces in
a large sample of anxiety-disordered youths using a
well-established visual probe task. METHOD: Study
participants included 101 children and adolescents (ages
7-18 years) with generalized anxiety disorder, social
phobia, and/or separation anxiety disorder enrolled in a
multisite anxiety treatment study. Nonanxious youths (n =
51; ages 9-18 years) were recruited separately. Participants
were administered a computerized visual probe task that
presents pairs of faces portraying threat (angry), positive
(happy), and neutral expressions. They pressed a response
key to indicate the spatial location of a probe that
replaced one of the faces on each trial. Attention bias
scores were calculated from response times to probes for
each emotional face type. RESULTS: Compared to healthy
youths, anxious participants demonstrated a greater
attention bias toward threat faces. This threat bias in
anxious patients did not significantly vary across the
anxiety disorders. There was no group difference in
attention bias toward happy faces. CONCLUSIONS: These
results suggest that pediatric anxiety disorders are
associated with an attention bias toward threat. Future
research may examine the manner in which cognitive bias in
anxious youths changes with treatment.},
Doi = {10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181825ace},
Key = {fds271474}
}
@article{fds271472,
Author = {Freeman, JB and Garcia, AM and Coyne, L and Ale, C and Przeworski, A and Himle, M and Compton, S and Leonard, HL},
Title = {Early childhood OCD: preliminary findings from a
family-based cognitive-behavioral approach.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {47},
Number = {5},
Pages = {593-602},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the relative efficacy of family-based
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) versus family-based
relaxation treatment (RT) for young children ages 5 to 8
years with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHOD:
Forty-two young children with primary OCD were randomized to
receive 12 sessions of family-based CBT or family-based RT.
Assessments were conducted before and after treatment by
independent raters blind to treatment assignment. Primary
outcomes included scores on the Children's Yale-Brown
Obsessive Compulsive Scale and Clinical Global
Impressions-Improvement. RESULTS: For the intent-to-treat
sample, CBT was associated with a moderate treatment effect
(d = 0.53), although there was not a significant difference
between the groups at conventional levels. For the completer
sample, CBT had a large effect (d = 0.85), and there was a
significant group difference favoring CBT. In the
intent-to-treat sample, 50% of children in the CBT group
achieved remission as compared to 20% in the RT group. In
the completer sample, 69% of children in the CBT group
achieved a clinical remission compared to 20% in the RT
group. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that children with
early-onset OCD benefit from a treatment approach tailored
to their developmental needs and family context. CBT was
effective in reducing OCD symptoms and in helping a large
number of children achieve a clinical remission.},
Doi = {10.1097/CHI.0b013e31816765f9},
Key = {fds271472}
}
@article{fds271471,
Author = {Compton, SN and Kratochvil, CJ and March, JS},
Title = {Pharmacotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and
adolescents: an evidence-based medicine review.},
Journal = {Pediatr Ann},
Volume = {36},
Number = {9},
Pages = {586-598},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0090-4481},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17910206},
Doi = {10.3928/0090-4481-20070901-10},
Key = {fds271471}
}
@article{fds271470,
Author = {Compton, SN and Kratochvil, CJ and March, JS},
Title = {Pharmacotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and
adolescents: An evidence-based medicine review},
Journal = {Psychiatric Annals},
Volume = {37},
Number = {7},
Pages = {504-517},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5713},
Abstract = {These studies generally support the use of the SSRIs
fluvoxamine, sertraline, and fluoxetine in the acute
treatment of pediatric non-OCD anxiety disorders. Two large
multicenter studies suggest a favorable outcome for
paroxetine in the treatment of pediatric social anxiety
disorder. Mixed results currently exist for the use of
extended-release venlafaxine in the treatment of pediatric
generalized anxiety disorder. In both of these latter
studies, concerns with safety were present.},
Doi = {10.3928/00485713-20070701-05},
Key = {fds271470}
}
@article{fds271469,
Author = {Franklin, M and Cahill, SP and Compton, SN},
Title = {What is the question? A comment on "investigating treatment
mediators when simple random assignment to a control group
is not possible"},
Journal = {Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {337-341},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0969-5893},
Abstract = {Debate about psychotherapy research methods in the last
decade has helped to highlight important issues related to
the clinical utility of randomized controlled trials. Out of
this debate, significant recent advances have been made in
using randomized designs to examine treatment efficacy in
settings more akin to those in the "real world" where most
patients access mental health care. Doss and Atkins (2006)
accurately note several potential limitations of
treatment-treatment designs for testing mediation,
especially when the same mediator may be operating in both
active treatments, and they propose several ways that
correlational methods can be useful in pursuing mediational
hypotheses. These proposed methods are discussed and, using
several specific psychotherapy research examples, the
continuing relevance of randomized designs in answering
specific questions about causality is underscored. © 2006
American Psychological Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2850.2006.00046.x},
Key = {fds271469}
}
@article{fds271492,
Author = {Chrisman, A and Egger, H and Compton, SN and Curry, J and Goldston,
DB},
Title = {Assessment of Childhood Depression.},
Journal = {Child Adolesc Ment Health},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {111-116},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1475-357X},
Abstract = {Depression as a disorder in childhood began to be
increasingly recognised in the 1970s. Epidemiologic
community and clinic-based studies have characterised the
prevalence, clinical course, and complications of this
illness throughout childhood and adolescence into adulthood.
This paper reviews two instruments for assessing depression
in prepubertal children - the Dominic Interactive and The
Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment. Both instruments are
useful in screening for psychiatric disorders and reliably
identifying the presence of depressive symptoms in young
children.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1475-3588.2006.00395.x},
Key = {fds271492}
}
@article{fds271468,
Author = {Gosch, EA and Flannery-Schroeder, E and Mauro, CF and Compton,
SN},
Title = {Principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety
disorders in children},
Journal = {Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {247-262},
Publisher = {Springer Publishing Company},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0889-8391},
Abstract = {This article elucidates the theoretical underpinnings of
cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) as applied to the treatment
of anxiety disorders in children, focusing on social phobia,
generalized anxiety disorder, and separation anxiety
disorder. It reviews behavioral and cognitive theories that
have influenced this approach. We argue that it is necessary
to understand the essential components of this approach in
the context of these theories in order to provide effective,
clinically sensitive, and child-focused treatment.
Components discussed include assessment, psychoeducation,
affective education, self-instruction training, cognitive
restructuring, problem solving, relaxation training,
modeling, contingency management, and exposure procedures.
Hypothesized key processes, such as the need to be
experiential in treatment, are presented for consideration.
© 2006 Springer Publishing Company.},
Doi = {10.1891/jcop.20.3.247},
Key = {fds271468}
}
@article{fds271467,
Author = {Curry, J and Compton, SN and March, JS},
Title = {CBT VERSUS SUPPORTIVE THERAPY FOR DEPRESSION},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {44},
Number = {9},
Pages = {842-843},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
Doi = {10.1016/s0890-8567(09)62188-2},
Key = {fds271467}
}
@article{fds271495,
Author = {March, JS and Silva, SG and Compton, S and Shapiro, M and Califf, R and Krishnan, R},
Title = {The case for practical clinical trials in
psychiatry.},
Journal = {Am J Psychiatry},
Volume = {162},
Number = {5},
Pages = {836-846},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-953X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15863782},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Clinical trials in psychiatry frequently fail to
maximize clinical utility for practicing clinicians, or,
stated differently, available evidence is not perceived by
clinicians (and other decision makers) as sufficiently
relevant to clinical practice, thereby diluting its impact.
To attain maximum clinical relevance and acceptability,
researchers must conduct clinical trials designed to meet
the needs of clinicians and others who are making decisions
about patients' care. The authors present the case for
psychiatry's adoption of the practical clinical trials
model, which is widely used in research in other areas of
medicine. METHOD: The authors outline the characteristics
and scope of practical clinical trials, give examples of
practical clinical trials, and discuss the challenges of
using the practical clinical trials model in psychiatry,
including issues of funding. RESULTS: Practical clinical
trials, which are intended to provide generalizable answers
to important clinical questions without bias, are
characterized by eight key features: a straightforward
clinically relevant question, a representative sample of
patients and practice settings, sufficient power to identify
modest clinically relevant effects, randomization to protect
against bias, clinical uncertainty regarding the outcome of
treatment at the patient level, assessment and treatment
protocols that enact best clinical practices, simple and
clinically relevant outcomes, and limited subject and
investigator burden. CONCLUSIONS: To implement the practical
clinical trials model in psychiatry will require stable
funding for network construction and maintenance plus
methodological innovation in governance and trial selection,
assessment, treatment, data management, site management, and
data analytic procedures.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ajp.162.5.836},
Key = {fds271495}
}
@article{fds271466,
Author = {Compton, SN and March, JS and Brent, D and Albano, AM and Weersing, R and Curry, J},
Title = {Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for anxiety and
depressive disorders in children and adolescents: an
evidence-based medicine review.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {43},
Number = {8},
Pages = {930-959},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15266189},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on the
cognitive-behavioral treatment of children and adolescents
with anxiety and depressive disorders within the conceptual
framework of evidence-based medicine. METHOD: The
psychiatric and psychological literature was systematically
searched for controlled trials applying cognitive-behavioral
treatment to pediatric anxiety and depressive disorders.
RESULTS: For both anxiety and depression, substantial
evidence supports the efficacy of problem-specific
cognitive-behavioral interventions. Comparisons with
wait-list, inactive control, and active control conditions
suggest medium to large effects for symptom reduction in
primary outcome domains. CONCLUSIONS: From an evidence-based
perspective, cognitive-behavioral therapy is currently the
treatment of choice for anxiety and depressive disorders in
children and adolescents. Future research in this area will
need to focus on comparing cognitive-behavioral
psychotherapy with other treatments, component analyses, and
the application of exportable protocol-driven treatments to
divergent settings and patient populations.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.chi.0000127589.57468.bf},
Key = {fds271466}
}
@article{fds271494,
Author = {March, JS and Silva, SG and Compton, S and Anthony, G and DeVeaugh-Geiss, J and Califf, R and Krishnan, R},
Title = {The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Trials Network
(CAPTN).},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {43},
Number = {5},
Pages = {515-518},
Year = {2004},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15100557},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The current generation of clinical trials in
pediatric psychiatry often fails to maximize clinical
utility for practicing clinicians, thereby diluting its
impact. METHOD: To attain maximum clinical relevance and
acceptability, the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Trials
Network (CAPTN) will transport to pediatric psychiatry the
practical clinical trials model widely used in other areas
of medicine. RESULTS: CAPTN, a collaborative effort of the
Duke Clinical Research Institute and the American Academy of
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, will conduct large, simple
"practical" trials that provide generalizable answers to
important clinical questions without bias. "Large" in this
case means the random allocation of thousands of patients in
hundreds of clinical centers to different treatments as they
are delivered in community settings. "Simple" means that the
number and type of data elements (and, hence, subject and
investigator burden) is small and straightforward so as not
to discourage provider or patient participation and to
maximize the number of subjects per dollar spent.
CONCLUSION: With 200 to 400 child and adolescent
psychiatrists each participating in two or three practical
clinical trials over 4 years, CAPTN promises to advance both
the evidence base and research capacity in child and
adolescent psychiatry.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-200405000-00004},
Key = {fds271494}
}
@article{fds271501,
Author = {Case, B},
Title = {Effect of poverty on emotional symptoms in
children.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {291},
Number = {4},
Pages = {424},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.291.4.424-a},
Key = {fds271501}
}
@article{fds327207,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Compton, SN and Keeler, G and Angold,
A},
Title = {Effect of poverty on emotional symptoms in children -
Reply},
Journal = {JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION},
Volume = {291},
Number = {4},
Pages = {424-424},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds327207}
}
@article{fds271500,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Compton, SN and Keeler, G and Angold,
A},
Title = {Relationships between poverty and psychopathology: a natural
experiment.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {290},
Number = {15},
Pages = {2023-2029},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14559956},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Social causation (adversity and stress) vs social
selection (downward mobility from familial liability to
mental illness) are competing theories about the origins of
mental illness. OBJECTIVE: To test the role of social
selection vs social causation of childhood psychopathology
using a natural experiment. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental,
longitudinal study. POPULATION AND SETTING: A representative
population sample of 1420 rural children aged 9 to 13 years
at intake were given annual psychiatric assessments for 8
years (1993-2000). One quarter of the sample were American
Indian, and the remaining were predominantly white. Halfway
through the study, a casino opening on the Indian
reservation gave every American Indian an income supplement
that increased annually. This increase moved 14% of study
families out of poverty, while 53% remained poor, and 32%
were never poor. Incomes of non-Indian families were
unaffected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Levels of Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition,
psychiatric symptoms in the never-poor, persistently poor,
and ex-poor children were compared for the 4 years before
and after the casino opened. RESULTS: Before the casino
opened, the persistently poor and ex-poor children had more
psychiatric symptoms (4.38 and 4.28, respectively) than the
never-poor children (2.75), but after the opening levels
among the ex-poor fell to those of the never-poor children,
while levels among those who were persistently poor remained
high (odds ratio, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.09;
and odds ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.77-1.07,
respectively). The effect was specific to symptoms of
conduct and oppositional defiant disorders. Anxiety and
depression symptoms were unaffected. Similar results were
found in non-Indian children whose families moved out of
poverty during the same period. CONCLUSIONS: An income
intervention that moved families out of poverty for reasons
that cannot be ascribed to family characteristics had a
major effect on some types of children's psychiatric
disorders, but not on others. Results support a social
causation explanation for conduct and oppositional disorder,
but not for anxiety or depression.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.290.15.2023},
Key = {fds271500}
}
@article{fds271499,
Author = {Compton, SN and Swanson, JW and Wagner, HR and Swartz, MS and Burns, BJ and Elbogen, EB},
Title = {Involuntary outpatient commitment and homelessness in
persons with severe mental illness.},
Journal = {Ment Health Serv Res},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-38},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1522-3434},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12602644},
Abstract = {This study took preliminary steps to explore the
relationship between involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC)
and the risk of homelessness among individuals with severe
mental disorders. Involuntarily hospitalized patients were
randomly assigned to be released or maintained under OPC
following hospital discharge. Multivariate analyses
demonstrated that involuntary OPC was associated with a
significant decrease in the risk of homelessness during the
first 4 months following hospital discharge for participants
with severe functional impairment at baseline. OPC did not
appear to affect risk of homelessness among participants
with mild-to-moderate functional impairment. Co-occurring
substance abuse, treatment nonadherence, and outpatient
services intensity were found to be strongly associated with
episodes of homelessness. This study suggests that
involuntary OPC may provide a short-term reduction in the
risk of homelessness among a subgroup of treatment-reluctant
individuals with severe mental disorders combined with
severe functional impairment.},
Doi = {10.1023/a:1021755408267},
Key = {fds271499}
}
@article{fds327208,
Author = {Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology (RUPP)
Anxiety Study Group},
Title = {Searching for Moderators and Mediators of Pharmacological
Treatment Effects in Children and Adolescents With Anxiety
Disorders},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1},
Pages = {13-21},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-200301000-00006},
Key = {fds327208}
}
@article{fds271498,
Author = {Phillips, SD and Kramer, TL and Compton, SN and Burns, BJ and Robbins,
JM},
Title = {Case-mix adjustment of adolescent mental health treatment
outcomes.},
Journal = {J Behav Health Serv Res},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {125-136},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {1094-3412},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12633009},
Abstract = {Case-mix adjustment methods are needed to account for
differences between providers when the youth they treat have
characteristics that adversely affect treatment success.
This study explores variables for adjusting mental health
treatment outcomes for adolescents and the differential
effects of case-mix adjustment on providers' performance.
Linear regression modeling was used to identify case-mix
variables for five outcomes. Predictive equations for each
outcome were developed for models based on intake clinical
data alone, clinical data plus administrative data, and
clinical data plus data describing youth history and family
environment. Variance explained by intake clinical data
alone did not increase appreciably with the addition of
administrative data or data describing youth history and
family environment. Adjusting outcomes changed the relative
performance of certain individual providers substantially,
but had a more moderate impact on the overall interpretation
of providers' performance.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02287818},
Key = {fds271498}
}
@article{fds271464,
Author = {Compton, SN and Burns, BJ and Helen, LE and Robertson,
E},
Title = {Review of the evidence base for treatment of childhood
psychopathology: internalizing disorders.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {70},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1240-1266},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12472300},
Abstract = {This article reviews the empirical literature on
psychosocial, psychopharmacological, and adjunctive
treatments for children between the ages of 6 and 12 with
internalizing disorders. The aim of this review was to
identify interventions that have potential to prevent
substance use disorders in adolescence by treating
internalizing disorders in childhood. Results suggest that a
variety of behavioral, cognitive-behavioral, and
pharmacological interventions are effective in reducing
symptoms of childhood depression, phobias, and anxiety
disorders. None of the studies reviewed included substance
abuse outcomes. Thus, little can be said about the
relationship between early treatment and the prevention of
later substance use. The importance of evaluating the
generalizability of research-supported interventions to
community settings is highlighted and recommendations for
future research are offered.},
Doi = {10.1037//0022-006x.70.6.1240},
Key = {fds271464}
}
@article{fds271497,
Author = {Farmer, EMZ and Compton, SN and Bums, BJ and Robertson,
E},
Title = {Review of the evidence base for treatment of childhood
psychopathology: externalizing disorders.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {70},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1267-1302},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12472301},
Abstract = {This article reviews controlled research on treatments for
childhood externalizing behavior disorders. The review is
organized around 2 subsets of such disorders: disruptive
behavior disorders (i.e., conduct disorder, oppositional
defiant disorder) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). The review was based on a literature review
of nonresidential treatments for youths ages 6-12. The pool
of studies for this age group was limited, but results
suggest positive outcomes for a variety of interventions
(particularly parent training and community-based
interventions for disruptive behavior disorders and
medication for ADHD). The review also highlights the need
for additional research examining effectiveness of
treatments for this age range and strategies to enhance the
implementation of effective practices.},
Doi = {10.1037//0022-006x.70.6.1267},
Key = {fds271497}
}
@article{fds327209,
Author = {THE RESEARCH UNITS ON PEDIATRIC PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (RUPP)
ANXIETY STUDY GROUP},
Title = {The Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS): development and
psychometric properties.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {41},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1061-1069},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe the development and psychometric
properties of the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS), a
clinician-rated instrument for assessing the severity of
anxiety symptoms associated with common DSM-IV anxiety
disorders (social phobia, separation anxiety disorder, and
generalized anxiety disorder) in children. METHOD: As part
of a multisite study of the efficacy of fluvoxamine, 128
children (aged 6-17) and their parents were interviewed
weekly with the PARS. Data from multiple raters on a
subsample of children (using live and videotaped interviews)
were used to evaluate interrater reliability. Internal
consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity
(convergent, divergent) also were evaluated. RESULTS: The
PARS showed high interrater reliability, adequate
test-retest reliability, and fair internal consistency.
Convergent and divergent validity were satisfactory. PARS
scores were sensitive to treatment and paralleled change in
other measures of anxiety symptoms and global improvement.
CONCLUSIONS: The PARS is a useful clinician-rated instrument
for assessing pediatric anxiety symptoms, severity, and
impairment, particularly in treatment studies. Further study
of the psychometric properties is warranted.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-200209000-00006},
Key = {fds327209}
}
@article{fds271491,
Author = {Compton, SN and Grant, PJ and Chrisman, AK and Gammon, PJ and Brown, VL and March, JS},
Title = {Sertraline in children and adolescents with social anxiety
disorder: an open trial.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {40},
Number = {5},
Pages = {564-571},
Year = {2001},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11349701},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of this open-label study was to assess
the therapeutic benefits, response pattern, and safety of
sertraline in children with social anxiety disorder. METHOD:
Fourteen outpatient subjects with a primary Axis I diagnosis
of social anxiety disorder were treated in an 8-week open
trial of sertraline. Diagnostic and primary outcome measures
included the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for
Children, Clinical Global Impressions scale (CGI), Social
Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children, and a
standardized behavioral avoidance test. RESULTS: As measured
by the CGI (Improvement subscale), 36% (5/14) of subjects
were classified as treatment responders and 29% (4/14) as
partial responders by the end of the 8-week trial. A
significant clinical response appeared by week 6.
Self-report and behavioral measures showed significant
clinical improvement into normal range across all domains
measured. The mean dose of sertraline was 123.21+/-37.29 mg
per day. Sertraline was generally well tolerated.
CONCLUSION: In open treatment, sertraline resulted in
significant improvement in symptoms of childhood social
anxiety disorder. Absolute response rates varied depending
on rating scales used. Findings from this study are
sufficiently strong to warrant a future multisite,
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of
sertraline for treatment of childhood social anxiety
disorder.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-200105000-00016},
Key = {fds271491}
}
@article{fds271465,
Author = {Pine, DS and Walkup, JT and Labellarte, MJ and Riddle, MA and Greenhill,
L and Klein, R and Davies, M and Sweeney, M and Abikoff, H and Hack, S and al,
E},
Title = {Fluvoxamine for the treatment of anxiety disorders in
children and adolescents. The Research Unit on Pediatric
Psychopharmacology Anxiety Study Group.},
Journal = {N Engl J Med},
Volume = {344},
Number = {17},
Pages = {1279-1285},
Year = {2001},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0028-4793},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Drugs that selectively inhibit serotonin
reuptake are effective treatments for adults with mood and
anxiety disorders, but limited data are available on the
safety and efficacy of serotonin-reuptake inhibitors in
children with anxiety disorders. METHODS: We studied 128
children who were 6 to 17 years of age; who met the criteria
for social phobia, separation anxiety disorder, or
generalized anxiety disorder; and who had received
psychological treatment for three weeks without improvement.
The children were randomly assigned to receive fluvoxamine
(at a maximum of 300 mg per day) or placebo for eight weeks
and were evaluated with rating scales designed to assess the
degree of anxiety and impairment. RESULTS: Children in the
fluvoxamine group had a mean (+/-SD) decrease of 9.7+/-6.9
points in symptoms of anxiety on the Pediatric Anxiety
Rating Scale (range of possible scores, 0 to 25, with higher
scores indicating greater anxiety), as compared with a
decrease of 3.1+/-4.8 points among children in the placebo
group (P<0.001). On the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement
scale, 48 of 63 children in the fluvoxamine group (76
percent) responded to the treatment, as indicated by a score
of less than 4, as compared with 19 of 65 children in the
placebo group (29 percent, P<0.001). Five children in the
fluvoxamine group (8 percent) discontinued treatment because
of adverse events, as compared with one child in the placebo
group (2 percent). CONCLUSIONS: Fluvoxamine is an effective
treatment for children and adolescents with social phobia,
separation anxiety disorder, or generalized anxiety
disorder.},
Doi = {10.1056/NEJM200104263441703},
Key = {fds271465}
}
@article{fds271496,
Author = {Compton, SN and Cuffel, BJ and Burns, BJ and Goldman,
W},
Title = {Datapoints: Effects of changing from five to ten
preauthorized outpatient sessions.},
Journal = {Psychiatr Serv},
Volume = {51},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1223},
Year = {2000},
Month = {October},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ps.51.10.1223},
Key = {fds271496}
}
@article{fds271463,
Author = {Compton, SN and Nelson, AH and March, JS},
Title = {Social phobia and separation anxiety symptoms in community
and clinical samples of children and adolescents.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {39},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1040-1046},
Year = {2000},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10939233},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the developmental progression and
pattern of self-reported symptoms of social phobia (SP) and
separation anxiety (SA) in community (n = 2,384) and
clinical (n = 217) samples of children and adolescents,
using a cross-sectional method. METHOD: Subjects were
cross-classified by age, gender, and race. Using mean scores
on the SP and SA subscales of the Multidimensional Anxiety
Scale for Children, 4 categories of children were
established: HighSP/HighSA, HighSP/LowSA, LowSP/HighSA, and
LowSP/LowSA. Data were analyzed using a generalized logit
model. RESULTS: Community sample: Preadolescents and females
reported more symptoms of HighSP/HighSA and LowSP/HighSA
than adolescents and males. White children reported more
symptoms of HighSP/LowSA, while the opposite pattern was
found among African-American children. Clinical sample:
Similar to the community sample, preadolescents reported
more symptoms of HighSP/HighSA. However, clinical males
reported more symptoms of LowSP/HighSA than clinical
females. CONCLUSIONS: In general, adolescents endorsed more
symptoms of SP and fewer symptoms of SA than preadolescent
children. Irrespective of age, white children endorsed more
symptoms of SP and fewer symptoms of SA than
African-American children. In the community sample,
preadolescent boys endorsed more symptoms of SA and fewer
symptoms of SP, suggesting a possible referral
bias.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-200008000-00020},
Key = {fds271463}
}
%% Books
@book{fds348810,
Author = {Compton, SN and Kristensen, H and Villabø, MA},
Title = {Pediatric anxiety disorders},
Pages = {1-551},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780128130056},
Abstract = {Pediatric Anxiety Disorders provides a critical, updated and
comprehensive overview of anxiety disorders in children and
adolescents based on the current state of empirical
research. The book provides specific clinical
recommendations which integrate new knowledge from
neuroscience and innovative delivery formats for
interventions. This is the first reference to examine
anxiety diagnoses in accordance with the latest edition of
the DSM-5, including childhood onset disorders, such as
Separation Anxiety Disorder, Selective Mutism, Specific
Phobia, Social Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia
and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. The book assists
clinicians in critically appraising the certainty of the
evidence-base and the strength of clinical
recommendations.},
Doi = {10.1016/C2016-0-04425-X},
Key = {fds348810}
}
%% Chapters in Books
@misc{fds369777,
Author = {Merwin, R and O'Rourke, S and Ives, L and Harstad, S and Brooks,
T},
Title = {Third-wave cognitive behavioral therapies for the treatment
of anxiety among children and adolescents},
Booktitle = {Pediatric Anxiety Disorders},
Publisher = {Academic Press},
Editor = {Compton, S and Villabo, M and Kristensen, H},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780128130056},
Abstract = {This is the first reference to examine anxiety diagnoses in
accordance with the latest edition of the DSM-5, including
childhood onset disorders, such as Separation Anxiety
Disorder, Selective Mutism, Specific Phobia, Social Anxiety
...},
Key = {fds369777}
}
@misc{fds348811,
Author = {Villabø, MA and Compton, SN},
Title = {Cognitive behavioral therapy},
Pages = {317-334},
Booktitle = {Pediatric Anxiety Disorders},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780128130056},
Abstract = {In this chapter, we provide an overview of the theoretical
foundations of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for
pediatric anxiety disorders. Building on principles from
classical and operant conditioning paired with cognitive and
social learning theories, treatment principles for anxiety
disorders have been developed. We describe core CBT
principles and provide examples of how these can be applied
in clinical practice with anxious youth. Although the
empirical support for the effectiveness and efficacy of CBT
for pediatric anxiety disorders is strong, there is still
room for improvement. We discuss some recent developments
and point to areas in need of more research.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-813004-9.00015-3},
Key = {fds348811}
}
@misc{fds302615,
Author = {Burns, BJ and Compton, SN and Egger, HL and Fanner, EMZ and Robertson,
EB},
Title = {An Annotated Bibliography of Evidence for
Diagnostic-Specific Psychosocial and Psychopharmacological
Interventions},
Pages = {212-276},
Booktitle = {Community Treatment for Youth: Evidence-Based Interventions
for Severe Emotional and Behavioral Disorders},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780195134575},
Abstract = {This chapter presents the evidence base for clinic and
school-based interventions for four common childhood
disorders or related symptom patterns: attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD), major depressive disorder (MDD), disruptive
behavior disorders, and anxiety disorders and related
symptoms. It shows that within the existing base for each
disorder, psychosocial interventions include an array of
behavioral approaches. The psychopharmacology evidence base
is strongest for ADHD, weaker for other disorders, and
virtually nonexistent for anxiety disorders. Adjunctive
studies examining a combination of psychosocial and
psychopharmacological interventions were rare, with the
largest and most sophisticated one for ADHD.},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195134575.003.0011},
Key = {fds302615}
}
@misc{fds348809,
Author = {Almeida, CES and Lopes, RD and Guimaraes, HP},
Title = {Introduction},
Pages = {3-11},
Booktitle = {Acid-base and Hydro-electrolytic Balance},
Publisher = {Editora Atheneu},
Year = {2005},
ISBN = {9780128130056},
Abstract = {This introductory chapter presents an overview of the book,
Pediatric Anxiety Disorders. We describe the purpose of this
volume and provide a description of the included chapters,
which are presented under the following section headings:
Foundations; Disorders; Interventions; Special Issues. The
contributors of the chapters in each section of the volume
represent the most prominent names in the field of pediatric
anxiety disorders, research, and evidence-based clinical
treatment.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-813004-9.00001-3},
Key = {fds348809}
}