Publications of David R McClay     :chronological  combined listing:

%% Papers Published   
@article{fds139601,
   Author = {E Röttinger and A Saudemont and V Duboc and L Besnardeau and D McClay and T Lepage},
   Title = {FGF signals guide migration of mesenchymal cells, control
             skeletal morphogenesis of the skeleton and regulate
             gastrulation during sea urchin development.},
   Journal = {Development},
   Volume = {135},
   Pages = {353-365},
   Year = {2008},
   Month = {December},
   Abstract = {The sea urchin embryo is emerging as an attractive model to
             study morphogenetic processes such as directed migration of
             mesenchyme cells and cell sheet invagination, but
             surprisingly, few of the genes regulating these processes
             have yet been characterized. We present evidence that FGFA,
             the first FGF family member characterized in the sea urchin,
             regulates directed migration of mesenchyme cells,
             morphogenesis of the skeleton and gastrulation during early
             development. We found that at blastula stages, FGFA and a
             novel putative FGF receptor are expressed in a pattern that
             prefigures morphogenesis of the skeletogenic mesoderm and
             that suggests that FGFA is one of the elusive signals that
             guide migration of primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs). We first
             show that fgfA expression is correlated with abnormal
             migration and patterning of the PMCs following treatments
             that perturb specification of the ectoderm along the
             oral-aboral and animal-vegetal axes. Specification of the
             ectoderm initiated by Nodal is required to restrict fgfA to
             the lateral ectoderm, and in the absence of Nodal, fgfA is
             expressed ectopically throughout most of the ectoderm.
             Inhibition of either FGFA, FGFR1 or FGFR2 function severely
             affects morphogenesis of the skeleton. Furthermore,
             inhibition of FGFA and FGFR1 signaling dramatically delays
             invagination of the archenteron, prevents regionalization of
             the gut and abrogates formation of the stomodeum. We
             identified several genes acting downstream of fgfA in these
             processes, including the transcription factors pea3 and
             pax2/5/8 and the signaling molecule sprouty in the lateral
             ectoderm and SM30 and SM50 in the primary mesenchyme cells.
             This study identifies the FGF signaling pathway as an
             essential regulator of gastrulation and directed cell
             migration in the sea urchin embryo and as a key player in
             the gene regulatory network directing morphogenesis of the
             skeleton.},
   Key = {fds139601}
}

@article{fds152095,
   Author = {Range, R. and T. Glenn and D.R. McClay},
   Title = {Lv-Numb promotes Notch-mediated specification of secondary
             mesenchyme cells in the sea urchin embryo},
   Journal = {Development},
   Volume = {135},
   Pages = {2445-2454},
   Year = {2008},
   Month = {December},
   Key = {fds152095}
}

@article{fds152093,
   Author = {Wu, S-Y and Y-P Yang and D R McClay},
   Title = {Twist is an essential regulator of the skeletogenic gene
             regulatory network in the sea urchin embryo},
   Journal = {Dev Biol},
   Volume = {319},
   Pages = {406-415},
   Year = {2008},
   Key = {fds152093}
}

@article{fds152094,
   Author = {Voronina. E. and Lopez, M. and Juliano, C. and Gustafson, E. and Song, J. and Extavour, C. and George. S. and Oliveri, P. and McClay, D.R. and Wessel, G.M.},
   Title = {Vasa protein expression is restricted to the small
             micromeres of the sea urchin, but is inducible in other
             lineages early in development.},
   Journal = {Dev Biol},
   Volume = {314},
   Pages = {276-286},
   Year = {2008},
   Key = {fds152094}
}

@article{fds152503,
   Author = {Croce, J.C. and D.R. McClay},
   Title = {Evolution of Wnt pathways.},
   Journal = {Methods in Molecular Biology},
   Volume = {2},
   Pages = {3-18},
   Publisher = {Humana Press},
   Year = {2008},
   Key = {fds152503}
}

@article{fds139602,
   Author = {SY Wu and DR McClay},
   Title = {The Snail repressor is required for PMC ingression in the
             sea urchin embryo.},
   Journal = {Development (Cambridge, England), England},
   Volume = {134},
   Number = {6},
   Pages = {1061-70},
   Year = {2007},
   Month = {March},
   Keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence • Animals • Cadherins •
             Down-Regulation • Embryo, Nonmammalian • Embryonic
             Development • Endocytosis • Gastrula • Gene
             Expression Regulation, Developmental* • Lytechinus
             • Mesoderm • Molecular Sequence Data •
             Phylogeny • RNA, Messenger • Repressor Proteins
             • Transcription Factors • analysis •
             chemistry • classification • cytology •
             embryology* • genetics • genetics* •
             metabolism • physiology*},
   Abstract = {In metazoans, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is
             a crucial process for placing the mesoderm beneath the
             ectoderm. Primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) at the vegetal
             pole of the sea urchin embryo ingress into the floor of the
             blastocoele from the blastula epithelium and later become
             the skeletogenic mesenchyme. This ingression movement is a
             classic EMT during which the PMCs penetrate the basal
             lamina, lose adherens junctions and migrate into the
             blastocoele. Later, secondary mesenchyme cells (SMCs) also
             enter the blastocoele via an EMT, but they accompany the
             invagination of the archenteron initially, in much the same
             way vertebrate mesenchyme enters the embryo along with
             endoderm. Here we identify a sea urchin ortholog of the
             Snail transcription factor, and focus on its roles
             regulating EMT during PMC ingression. Functional knockdown
             analyses of Snail in whole embryos and chimeras demonstrate
             that Snail is required in micromeres for PMC ingression.
             Snail represses the transcription of cadherin, a repression
             that appears evolutionarily conserved throughout the animal
             kingdom. Furthermore, Snail expression is required for
             endocytosis of cadherin, a cellular activity that
             accompanies PMC ingression. Perturbation studies position
             Snail in the sea urchin micromere-PMC gene regulatory
             network (GRN), downstream of Pmar1 and Alx1, and upstream of
             several PMC-expressed proteins. Taken together, our findings
             indicate that Snail plays an essential role in PMCs to
             control the EMT process, in part through its repression of
             cadherin expression during PMC ingression, and in part
             through its role in the endocytosis that helps convert an
             epithelial cell to a mesenchyme cell.},
   Key = {fds139602}
}

@article{fds152091,
   Author = {Wu, S.-Y. and Ferkowicz, M. and D.R. McClay},
   Title = {Ingression of primary mesenchyme cells of the sea urchin
             embryo: a precisely timed epithelial mesenchymal
             transition},
   Journal = {Embryology Today, Reviews},
   Volume = {81},
   Pages = {241-252},
   Year = {2007},
   Key = {fds152091}
}

@article{fds152092,
   Author = {Bradham, C. and D.R. McClay},
   Title = {Secondary axis specification in the sea urchin.},
   Journal = {Signal Transduction},
   Volume = {7},
   Pages = {181-190},
   Year = {2007},
   Key = {fds152092}
}

@article{fds52315,
   Author = {CA Byrum and KD Walton and AJ Robertson and S Carbonneau and RT
             Thomason, JA Coffman and DR McClay},
   Title = {Protein tyrosine and serine-threonine phosphatases in the
             sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus: identification
             and potential functions.},
   Journal = {Developmental biology, United States},
   Volume = {300},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {194-218},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {December},
   Keywords = {Animals • Humans • Phosphoprotein Phosphatases
             • Phylogeny • Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases
             • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases • Sea Urchins •
             classification • enzymology* • metabolism •
             metabolism*},
   Abstract = {Protein phosphatases, in coordination with protein kinases,
             play crucial roles in regulation of signaling pathways. To
             identify protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and
             serine-threonine (ser-thr) phosphatases in the
             Strongylocentrotus purpuratus genome, 179 annotated
             sequences were studied (122 PTPs, 57 ser-thr phosphatases).
             Sequence analysis identified 91 phosphatases (33
             conventional PTPs, 31 dual specificity phosphatases, 1 Class
             III Cysteine-based PTP, 1 Asp-based PTP, and 25 ser-thr
             phosphatases). Using catalytic sites, levels of conservation
             and constraint in amino acid sequence were examined. Nine of
             25 receptor PTPs (RPTPs) corresponded to human, nematode, or
             fly homologues. Domain structure revealed that sea
             urchin-specific RPTPs including two, PTPRLec and PTPRscav,
             may act in immune defense. Embryonic transcription of each
             phosphatase was recorded from a high-density oligonucleotide
             tiling microarray experiment. Most RPTPs are expressed at
             very low levels, whereas nonreceptor PTPs (NRPTPs) are
             generally expressed at moderate levels. High expression was
             detected in MAP kinase phosphatases (MKPs) and numerous
             ser-thr phosphatases. For several expressed NRPTPs, MKPs,
             and ser-thr phosphatases, morpholino antisense-mediated
             knockdowns were performed and phenotypes obtained. Finally,
             to assess roles of annotated phosphatases in endomesoderm
             formation, a literature review of phosphatase functions in
             model organisms was superimposed on sea urchin developmental
             pathways to predict areas of functional activity.},
   Key = {fds52315}
}

@article{fds52316,
   Author = {F Lapraz and E Röttinger and V Duboc and R Range and L Duloquin and K
             Walton, SY Wu and C Bradham and MA Loza and T Hibino and K Wilson and A
             Poustka, D McClay and L Angerer and C Gache and T
             Lepage},
   Title = {RTK and TGF-beta signaling pathways genes in the sea urchin
             genome.},
   Journal = {Developmental biology, United States},
   Volume = {300},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {132-52},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {December},
   Keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence • Animals • Genome* •
             Humans • Phylogeny • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
             • Sea Urchins • Sequence Alignment • Sequence
             Homology, Amino Acid • Signal Transduction •
             Transforming Growth Factor beta • Vertebrates •
             genetics • genetics*},
   Abstract = {The Receptor Tyrosine kinase (RTK) and TGF-beta signaling
             pathways play essential roles during development in many
             organisms and regulate a plethora of cellular responses.
             From the genome sequence of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus,
             we have made an inventory of the genes encoding receptor
             tyrosine kinases and their ligands, and of the genes
             encoding cytokines of the TGF-beta superfamily and their
             downstream components. The sea urchin genome contains at
             least 20 genes coding for canonical receptor tyrosine
             kinases. Seventeen of the nineteen vertebrate RTK families
             are represented in the sea urchin. Fourteen of these RTK
             among which ALK, CCK4/PTK7, DDR, EGFR, EPH, LMR, MET/RON,
             MUSK, RET, ROR, ROS, RYK, TIE and TRK are present as single
             copy genes while pairs of related genes are present for
             VEGFR, FGFR and INSR. Similarly, nearly all the subfamilies
             of TGF-beta ligands identified in vertebrates are present in
             the sea urchin genome including the BMP, ADMP, GDF, Activin,
             Myostatin, Nodal and Lefty, as well as the TGF-beta sensu
             stricto that had not been characterized in invertebrates so
             far. Expression analysis indicates that the early expression
             of nodal, BMP2/4 and lefty is restricted to the oral
             ectoderm reflecting their role in providing positional
             information along the oral-aboral axis of the embryo. The
             coincidence between the emergence of TGF-beta-related
             factors such as Nodal and Lefty and the emergence of the
             deuterostome lineage strongly suggests that the ancestral
             function of Nodal could have been related to the secondary
             opening of the mouth which characterizes this clade, a
             hypothesis supported by functional data in the extant
             species. The sea urchin genome contains 6 genes encoding
             TGF-beta receptors and 4 genes encoding prototypical Smad
             proteins. Furthermore, most of the transcriptional
             activators and repressors shown to interact with Smads in
             vertebrates have orthologues in echinoderms. Finally, the
             sea urchin genome contains an almost complete repertoire of
             genes encoding extracellular modulators of BMP signaling
             including Chordin, Noggin, Sclerotin, SFRP, Gremlin, DAN and
             Twisted gastrulation. Taken together, these findings
             indicate that the sea urchin complement of genes of the RTK
             and TGF-beta signaling pathways is qualitatively very
             similar to the repertoire present in vertebrates, and that
             these genes are part of the common genetool kit for
             intercellular signaling of deuterostomes.},
   Key = {fds52316}
}

@article{fds52317,
   Author = {JC Croce and SY Wu and C Byrum and R Xu and L Duloquin and AH
             Wikramanayake, C Gache and DR McClay},
   Title = {A genome-wide survey of the evolutionarily conserved Wnt
             pathways in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus
             purpuratus.},
   Journal = {Developmental biology, United States},
   Volume = {300},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {121-31},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {December},
   Keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence • Animals • Conserved Sequence
             • Embryo, Nonmammalian • Gene Expression
             Regulation, Developmental • Genome* • Molecular
             Sequence Data • Phylogeny • Reverse Transcriptase
             Polymerase Chain Reaction • Sea Urchins • Sequence
             Homology, Amino Acid • Wnt Proteins •
             classification • embryology • genetics* •
             physiology},
   Abstract = {The Wnt pathways are evolutionarily well-conserved signal
             transduction pathways that are known to play important roles
             in all Metazoans investigated to date. Here, we examine the
             Wnt pathway genes and target genes present in the genome of
             the echinoderm Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Analysis of
             the Wnt genes revealed that eleven of the thirteen reported
             Wnt subfamilies are represented in sea urchin, with the
             intriguing identification of a Wnt-A ortholog thought to be
             absent in deuterostomes. A phylogenetic study of the
             Frizzled proteins, the Wnt receptors, performed throughout
             the animal kingdom showed that not all Frizzled subfamilies
             were present in the metazoan common ancestor, e.g. Fz3/6
             emerged later during evolution. Using sequence analysis,
             orthologs of the vast majority of the cellular machinery
             involved in transducing the three types of Wnt pathways were
             found in the sea urchin genome. Furthermore, of about one
             hundred target genes identified in other organisms, more
             than half have clear echinoderm orthologs. Thus, these
             analyses produce new inputs in the evolutionary history of
             the Wnt genes in an animal occupying a position that offers
             great insights into the basal properties of
             deuterostomes.},
   Key = {fds52317}
}

@article{fds52318,
   Author = {KD Walton and JC Croce and TD Glenn and SY Wu and DR
             McClay},
   Title = {Genomics and expression profiles of the Hedgehog and Notch
             signaling pathways in sea urchin development.},
   Journal = {Developmental biology, United States},
   Volume = {300},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {153-64},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {December},
   Keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence • Animals • Base Sequence
             • Cloning, Molecular • DNA Primers • Embryo,
             Nonmammalian • Evolution, Molecular • Gene
             Expression Profiling* • Gene Expression Regulation,
             Developmental • Genomics* • Hedgehog Proteins
             • Molecular Sequence Data • Polymerase Chain
             Reaction • Receptors, Notch • Sea Urchins •
             Sequence Alignment • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
             • Signal Transduction • embryology • genetics
             • genetics* • growth & development •
             physiology • physiology*},
   Abstract = {The Hedgehog (Hh) and Notch signal transduction pathways
             control a variety of developmental processes including cell
             fate choice, differentiation, proliferation, patterning and
             boundary formation. Because many components of these
             pathways are conserved, it was predicted and confirmed that
             pathway components are largely intact in the sea urchin
             genome. Spatial and temporal location of these pathways in
             the embryo, and their function in development offer added
             insight into their mechanistic contributions. Accordingly,
             all major components of both pathways were identified and
             annotated in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
             genome and the embryonic expression of key components was
             explored. Relationships of the pathway components, and
             modifiers predicted from the annotation of S. purpuratus,
             were compared against cnidarians, arthropods, urochordates,
             and vertebrates. These analyses support the prediction that
             the pathways are highly conserved through metazoan
             evolution. Further, the location of these two pathways
             appears to be conserved among deuterostomes, and in the case
             of Notch at least, display similar capacities in
             endomesoderm gene regulatory networks. RNA expression
             profiles by quantitative PCR and RNA in situ hybridization
             reveal that Hedgehog is produced by the endoderm beginning
             just prior to invagination, and signals to the secondary
             mesenchyme-derived tissues at least until the pluteus larva
             stage. RNA in situ hybridization of Notch pathway members
             confirms that Notch functions sequentially in the
             vegetal-most secondary mesenchyme cells and later in the
             endoderm. Functional analyses in future studies will embed
             these pathways into the growing knowledge of gene regulatory
             networks that govern early specification and
             morphogenesis.},
   Key = {fds52318}
}

@article{fds52320,
   Author = {CA Bradham and KR Foltz and WS Beane and MI Arnone and F Rizzo and JA
             Coffman, A Mushegian and M Goel and J Morales and AM Geneviere and F
             Lapraz, AJ Robertson and H Kelkar and M Loza-Coll and IK Townley and M
             Raisch, MM Roux and T Lepage and C Gache and DR McClay and G
             Manning},
   Title = {The sea urchin kinome: a first look.},
   Journal = {Developmental biology, United States},
   Volume = {300},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {180-93},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {December},
   Keywords = {Animals • Embryo, Nonmammalian • Gene Expression
             Regulation, Developmental • Phosphorylation •
             Phylogeny • Protein Kinases • Sea Urchins •
             Signal Transduction • classification • embryology
             • genetics* • growth & development*},
   Abstract = {This paper reports a preliminary in silico analysis of the
             sea urchin kinome. The predicted protein kinases in the sea
             urchin genome were identified, annotated and classified,
             according to both function and kinase domain taxonomy. The
             results show that the sea urchin kinome, consisting of 353
             protein kinases, is closer to the Drosophila kinome (239)
             than the human kinome (518) with respect to total kinase
             number. However, the diversity of sea urchin kinases is
             surprisingly similar to humans, since the urchin kinome is
             missing only 4 of 186 human subfamilies, while Drosophila
             lacks 24. Thus, the sea urchin kinome combines the
             simplicity of a non-duplicated genome with the diversity of
             function and signaling previously considered to be
             vertebrate-specific. More than half of the sea urchin
             kinases are involved with signal transduction, and
             approximately 88% of the signaling kinases are expressed in
             the developing embryo. These results support the strength of
             this nonchordate deuterostome as a pivotal developmental and
             evolutionary model organism.},
   Key = {fds52320}
}

@article{fds52321,
   Author = {WS Beane and E Voronina and GM Wessel and DR McClay},
   Title = {Lineage-specific expansions provide genomic complexity among
             sea urchin GTPases.},
   Journal = {Developmental biology, United States},
   Volume = {300},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {165-79},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {December},
   Keywords = {Animals • GTP Phosphohydrolases • Genome* •
             Humans • Isoenzymes • Multigene Family •
             Phylogeny • Protein Biosynthesis • Sea Urchins
             • classification • enzymology* • genetics
             • genetics* • metabolism},
   Abstract = {In every organism, GTP-binding proteins control many aspects
             of cell signaling. Here, we examine in silico several GTPase
             families from the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus genome: the
             monomeric Ras superfamily, the heterotrimeric G proteins,
             the dynamin superfamily, the SRP/SR family, and the "protein
             biosynthesis" translational GTPases. Identified were 174
             GTPases, of which over 90% are expressed in the embryo as
             shown by tiling array and expressed sequence tag data.
             Phylogenomic comparisons restricted to Drosophila, Ciona,
             and humans (protostomes, urochordates, and vertebrates,
             respectively) revealed both common and unique elements in
             the expected composition of these families. Galpha and
             dynamin families contain vertebrate expansions, consistent
             with whole genome duplications, whereas SRP/SR and
             translational GTPases are highly conserved. Unexpectedly,
             Ras superfamily analyses revealed several large (5+)
             lineage-specific expansions in the sea urchin. For Rho, Rab,
             Arf, and Ras subfamilies, comparing total human gene numbers
             to the number of sea urchin genes with vertebrate orthologs
             suggests reduced genomic complexity in the sea urchin.
             However, gene duplications in the sea urchin increase
             overall numbers such that total sea urchin gene numbers
             approximate vertebrate gene numbers for each monomeric
             GTPase family. These findings suggest that lineage-specific
             expansions may be an important component of genomic
             evolution in signal transduction.},
   Key = {fds52321}
}

@article{fds52322,
   Author = {AJ Robertson and J Croce and S Carbonneau and E Voronina and E Miranda and DR McClay and JA Coffman},
   Title = {The genomic underpinnings of apoptosis in Strongylocentrotus
             purpuratus.},
   Journal = {Developmental biology, United States},
   Volume = {300},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {321-34},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {December},
   Keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence • Animals • Apoptosis •
             Caspases • Cell Death • Consensus Sequence •
             Genome* • Models, Biological • Molecular Sequence
             Data • Phylogeny • Sea Urchins • Sequence
             Alignment • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid •
             classification • cytology • genetics •
             genetics* • physiology},
   Abstract = {Programmed cell death through apoptosis is a pan-metazoan
             character involving intermolecular signaling networks that
             have undergone substantial lineage-specific evolution. A
             survey of apoptosis-related proteins encoded in the sea
             urchin genome provides insight into this evolution while
             revealing some interesting novelties, which we highlight
             here. First, in addition to a typical CARD-carrying Apaf-1
             homologue, sea urchins have at least two novel Apaf-1-like
             proteins that are each linked to a death domain, suggesting
             that echinoderms have evolved unique apoptotic signaling
             pathways. Second, sea urchins have an unusually large number
             of caspases. While the set of effector caspases
             (caspases-3/7 and caspase-6) in sea urchins is similar to
             that found in other basal deuterostomes, signal-responsive
             initiator caspase subfamilies (caspases-8/10 and 9, which
             are respectively linked to DED and CARD adaptor domains)
             have undergone echinoderm-specific expansions. In addition,
             there are two groups of divergent caspases, one distantly
             related to the vertebrate interleukin converting enzyme
             (ICE)-like subfamily, and a large clan that does not cluster
             with any of the vertebrate caspases. Third, the complexity
             of proteins containing an anti-apoptotic BIR domain and of
             Bcl-2 family members approaches that of vertebrates, and is
             greater than that found in protostome model systems such as
             Drosophila or Caenorhabditis elegans. Finally, the presence
             of Death receptor homologues, previously known only in
             vertebrates, in both Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and
             Nematostella vectensis suggests that this family of
             apoptotic signaling proteins evolved early in animals and
             was subsequently lost in the nematode and arthropod
             lineage(s). Our results suggest that cell survival is
             contingent upon a diverse array of signals in sea urchins,
             more comparable in complexity to vertebrates than to
             arthropods or nematodes, but also with unique features that
             may relate to specific requirements imposed by the biphasic
             life cycle and/or immunological idiosyncrasies of this
             organism.},
   Key = {fds52322}
}

@article{fds52314,
   Author = {Sea Urchin Genome Sequencing Consortium and E Sodergren and GM
             Weinstock, EH Davidson and RA Cameron and RA Gibbs and RC Angerer and LM
             Angerer, MI Arnone and DR Burgess and RD Burke and JA Coffman and M
             Dean, MR Elphick and CA Ettensohn and KR Foltz and A Hamdoun and RO
             Hynes, WH Klein and W Marzluff and DR McClay and RL Morris and A
             Mushegian, JP Rast and LC Smith and MC Thorndyke and VD Vacquier and GM
             Wessel, G Wray and L Zhang and CG Elsik and O Ermolaeva and W Hlavina and G
             Hofmann, P Kitts and MJ Landrum and AJ Mackey and D Maglott and G
             Panopoulou, AJ Poustka and K Pruitt and V Sapojnikov and X Song and A
             Souvorov, V Solovyev and Z Wei and CA Whittaker and K Worley and KJ
             Durbin, Y Shen and O Fedrigo and D Garfield and R Haygood and A Primus and R Satija and T Severson and ML Gonzalez-Garay and AR Jackson and A
             Milosavljevic, M Tong and CE Killian and BT Livingston and FH Wilt and N
             Adams, R Bellé and S Carbonneau and R Cheung and P Cormier and B
             Cosson, J Croce and A Fernandez-Guerra and AM Genevière and M Goel and H Kelkar and J Morales and O Mulner-Lorillon and AJ Robertson and JV
             Goldstone, B Cole and D Epel and B Gold and ME Hahn and M Howard-Ashby and M Scally and JJ Stegeman and EL Allgood and J Cool and KM Judkins and SS
             McCafferty, AM Musante and RA Obar and AP Rawson and BJ Rossetti and IR
             Gibbons, MP Hoffman and A Leone and S Istrail and SC Materna and MP
             Samanta, V Stolc and W Tongprasit and Q Tu and KF Bergeron and BP
             Brandhorst, J Whittle and K Berney and DJ Bottjer and C Calestani and K
             Peterson, E Chow and QA Yuan and E Elhaik and D Graur and JT Reese and I
             Bosdet, S Heesun and MA Marra and J Schein and MK Anderson and V
             Brockton, KM Buckley and AH Cohen and SD Fugmann and T Hibino and M
             Loza-Coll, AJ Majeske and C Messier and SV Nair and Z Pancer and DP
             Terwilliger, C Agca and E Arboleda and N Chen and AM Churcher and F
             Hallböök, GW Humphrey and MM Idris and T Kiyama and S Liang and D
             Mellott, X Mu and G Murray and RP Olinski and F Raible and M Rowe and JS
             Taylor, K Tessmar-Raible and D Wang and KH Wilson and S Yaguchi and T
             Gaasterland, BE Galindo and HJ Gunaratne and C Juliano and M
             Kinukawa, GW Moy and AT Neill and M Nomura and M Raisch and A Reade and MM
             Roux, JL Song and YH Su and IK Townley and E Voronina and JL Wong and G
             Amore, M Branno and ER Brown and V Cavalieri and V Duboc and L Duloquin and C Flytzanis and C Gache and F Lapraz and T Lepage and A Locascio and P
             Martinez, G Matassi and V Matranga and R Range and F Rizzo and E
             Röttinger, W Beane and C Bradham and C Byrum and T Glenn and S Hussain and G Manning and E Miranda and R Thomason and K Walton and A Wikramanayke and SY Wu and R Xu and CT Brown and L Chen and RF Gray and PY Lee and J Nam and P
             Oliveri, J Smith and D Muzny and S Bell and J Chacko and A Cree and S
             Curry, C Davis and H Dinh and S Dugan-Rocha and J Fowler and R Gill and C
             Hamilton, J Hernandez and S Hines and J Hume and L Jackson and A
             Jolivet, C Kovar and S Lee and L Lewis and G Miner and M Morgan and LV
             Nazareth, G Okwuonu and D Parker and LL Pu and R Thorn and R
             Wright},
   Title = {The genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus
             purpuratus.},
   Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.), United States},
   Volume = {314},
   Number = {5801},
   Pages = {941-52},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {November},
   Keywords = {Animals • Calcification, Physiologic • Cell
             Adhesion Molecules • Complement Activation •
             Computational Biology • Embryonic Development •
             Evolution, Molecular • Gene Expression Regulation,
             Developmental • Genes • Genome* • Immunity,
             Natural • Immunologic Factors • Male •
             Nervous System Physiology • Proteins • Sequence
             Analysis, DNA* • Signal Transduction •
             Strongylocentrotus purpuratus • Transcription Factors
             • embryology • genetics • genetics* •
             immunology • physiology},
   Abstract = {We report the sequence and analysis of the 814-megabase
             genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, a
             model for developmental and systems biology. The sequencing
             strategy combined whole-genome shotgun and bacterial
             artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences. This use of BAC
             clones, aided by a pooling strategy, overcame difficulties
             associated with high heterozygosity of the genome. The
             genome encodes about 23,300 genes, including many previously
             thought to be vertebrate innovations or known only outside
             the deuterostomes. This echinoderm genome provides an
             evolutionary outgroup for the chordates and yields insights
             into the evolution of deuterostomes.},
   Key = {fds52314}
}

@article{fds52319,
   Author = {P Oliveri and KD Walton and EH Davidson and DR McClay},
   Title = {Repression of mesodermal fate by foxa, a key endoderm
             regulator of the sea urchin embryo.},
   Journal = {Development (Cambridge, England), England},
   Volume = {133},
   Number = {21},
   Pages = {4173-81},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {November},
   Keywords = {Animals • Body Patterning • Cell Lineage •
             Embryonic Structures • Endoderm • Forkhead
             Transcription Factors • Gene Expression Regulation,
             Developmental* • In Situ Hybridization • Mesoderm
             • Mouth • Oligonucleotides, Antisense •
             Recombinant Proteins • Signal Transduction •
             Strongylocentrotus purpuratus • anatomy & histology
             • embryology • embryology* • genetics •
             genetics* • metabolism • metabolism* •
             physiology • physiology*},
   Abstract = {The foxa gene is an integral component of the endoderm
             specification subcircuit of the endomesoderm gene regulatory
             network in the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus embryo. Its
             transcripts become confined to veg2, then veg1 endodermal
             territories, and, following gastrulation, throughout the
             gut. It is also expressed in the stomodeal ectoderm. gatae
             and otx genes provide input into the pregastrular regulatory
             system of foxa, and Foxa represses its own transcription,
             resulting in an oscillatory temporal expression profile.
             Here, we report three separate essential functions of the
             foxa gene: it represses mesodermal fate in the veg2
             endomesoderm; it is required in postgastrular development
             for the expression of gut-specific genes; and it is
             necessary for stomodaeum formation. If its expression is
             reduced by a morpholino, more endomesoderm cells become
             pigment and other mesenchymal cell types, less gut is
             specified, and the larva has no mouth. Experiments in which
             blastomere transplantation is combined with foxa MASO
             treatment demonstrate that, in the normal endoderm, a
             crucial role of Foxa is to repress gcm expression in
             response to a Notch signal, and hence to repress mesodermal
             fate. Chimeric recombination experiments in which veg2, veg1
             or ectoderm cells contained foxa MASO show which region of
             foxa expression controls each of the three functions. These
             experiments show that the foxa gene is a component of three
             distinct embryonic gene regulatory networks.},
   Key = {fds52319}
}

@article{fds52323,
   Author = {JC Croce and DR McClay},
   Title = {The canonical Wnt pathway in embryonic axis
             polarity.},
   Journal = {Seminars in cell & developmental biology,
             England},
   Volume = {17},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {168-74},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {April},
   Keywords = {Animals • Body Patterning* • Sea Urchins •
             Signal Transduction* • Wnt Proteins • Xenopus
             • embryology* • metabolism •
             physiology*},
   Abstract = {The canonical Wnt pathway plays crucial roles in multiple
             developmental processes, including in axis specification.
             Throughout the animal kingdom, this pathway has been
             reported to drive patterning of axes as different as the
             animal-vegetal axis in echinoderms to the dorsal-ventral
             axis in vertebrates. Intriguingly enough, this pathway
             appears structurally and functionally well conserved during
             evolution. However, differences between these phyla are
             observed that explain how a same pathway can mediate
             establishment of two such apparently distinct axes. This
             review compares the axis specification processes used in two
             evolutionarily distant embryos, the sea urchin and
             Xenopus.},
   Key = {fds52323}
}

@article{fds52324,
   Author = {C Bradham and DR McClay},
   Title = {p38 MAPK in development and cancer.},
   Journal = {Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), United States},
   Volume = {5},
   Number = {8},
   Pages = {824-8},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {April},
   Keywords = {Animals • Apoptosis* • Cell Cycle •
             Colorectal Neoplasms • Cytokines • Disease
             Progression • Gene Expression Regulation,
             Developmental* • Gene Expression Regulation,
             Neoplastic* • Humans • Models, Biological •
             Neoplasm Metastasis • Neoplasms • genetics •
             metabolism • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
             • pathology • pathology* •
             physiology*},
   Abstract = {p38 is a MAPK that has been shown to induce a wide variety
             of biological effects in cell culture in response to a wide
             range of stimuli. These effects are dependent not only on
             the stimuli, but also on the cellular context, resulting in
             a bewildering array of possibilities. For example, p38 was
             shown to induce apoptosis in some cells, but prevent
             apoptosis in others. Similarly opposed effects had been
             observed with respect to cell cycle regulation. The role of
             p38 in inflammatory disease has been appreciated from the
             beginning, since it was initially identified as an cytokine
             inducer. More recently, p38 function has been evaluated in
             vivo, and through these studies p38 has emerged as an
             important regulator of both embryonic development and cancer
             progression. This review will focus on these in vivo studies
             in an effort to provide perspective on p38 biologically and
             as a pharmacological target.},
   Key = {fds52324}
}

@article{fds52325,
   Author = {WS Beane and JM Gross and DR McClay},
   Title = {RhoA regulates initiation of invagination, but not
             convergent extension, during sea urchin gastrulation.},
   Journal = {Developmental biology, United States},
   Volume = {292},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {213-25},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {April},
   Keywords = {Animals • Cloning, Molecular • Cytoskeleton •
             Extracellular Matrix • Fetal Proteins • Gastrula
             • Lytechinus • Molecular Sequence Data •
             Sequence Analysis, Protein • T-Box Domain Proteins
             • antagonists & inhibitors • embryology* •
             genetics • metabolism • physiology •
             physiology* • rhoA GTP-Binding Protein},
   Abstract = {During gastrulation, the archenteron is formed using cell
             shape changes, cell rearrangements, filopodial extensions,
             and convergent extension movements to elongate and shape the
             nascent gut tube. How these events are coordinated remains
             unknown, although much has been learned from careful
             morphological examinations and molecular perturbations. This
             study reports that RhoA is necessary to trigger archenteron
             invagination in the sea urchin embryo. Inhibition of RhoA
             results in a failure to initiate invagination movements,
             while constitutively active RhoA induces precocious
             invagination of the archenteron, complete with the actin
             rearrangements and extracellular matrix secretions that
             normally accompany the onset of invagination. Although RhoA
             activity has been reported to control convergent extension
             movements in vertebrate embryos, experiments herein show
             that RhoA activity does not regulate convergent extension
             movements during sea urchin gastrulation. Instead, the
             results support the hypothesis that RhoA serves as a trigger
             to initiate invagination, and once initiation occurs, RhoA
             activity is no longer involved in subsequent gastrulation
             movements.},
   Key = {fds52325}
}

@article{fds52326,
   Author = {J Croce and L Duloquin and G Lhomond and DR McClay and C
             Gache},
   Title = {Frizzled5/8 is required in secondary mesenchyme cells to
             initiate archenteron invagination during sea urchin
             development.},
   Journal = {Development (Cambridge, England), England},
   Volume = {133},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {547-57},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {February},
   Keywords = {Animals • Body Patterning* • Cell Polarity •
             Embryonic Development • Frizzled Receptors •
             Gastrula • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
             • Humans • Mesoderm • Phylogeny •
             Receptors, Notch • Sea Urchins* • Signal
             Transduction • Wnt Proteins • anatomy & histology
             • classification • cytology • embryology
             • genetics • growth & development •
             metabolism • metabolism* • physiology •
             physiology*},
   Abstract = {Wnt signaling pathways play key roles in numerous
             developmental processes both in vertebrates and
             invertebrates. Their signals are transduced by Frizzled
             proteins, the cognate receptors of the Wnt ligands. This
             study focuses on the role of a member of the Frizzled
             family, Fz5/8, during sea urchin embryogenesis. During
             development, Fz5/8 displays restricted expression, beginning
             at the 60-cell stage in the animal domain and then from
             mesenchyme blastula stage, in both the animal domain and a
             subset of secondary mesenchyme cells (SMCs).
             Loss-of-function analyses in whole embryos and chimeras
             reveal that Fz5/8 is not involved in the specification of
             the main embryonic territories. Rather, it appears to be
             required in SMCs for primary invagination of the
             archenteron, maintenance of endodermal marker expression and
             apical localization of Notch receptors in endodermal cells.
             Furthermore, among the three known Wnt pathways, Fz5/8
             appears to signal via the planar cell polarity pathway.
             Taken together, the results suggest that Fz5/8 plays a
             crucial role specifically in SMCs to control primary
             invagination during sea urchin gastrulation.},
   Key = {fds52326}
}

@article{fds52327,
   Author = {CA Bradham and DR McClay},
   Title = {p38 MAPK is essential for secondary axis specification and
             patterning in sea urchin embryos.},
   Journal = {Development (Cambridge, England), England},
   Volume = {133},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {21-32},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {January},
   Keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence • Animals • Blotting, Western
             • Body Patterning • Computational Biology •
             Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental* • Gene
             Library • In Situ Hybridization • Models,
             Biological • Molecular Sequence Data • Mouth
             • Oligonucleotides • Reverse Transcriptase
             Polymerase Chain Reaction • Sea Urchins* •
             Transforming Growth Factor beta • embryology* •
             enzymology • metabolism* • p38 Mitogen-Activated
             Protein Kinases • physiology*},
   Abstract = {Most eggs in the animal kingdom establish a primary,
             animal-vegetal axis maternally, and specify the remaining
             two axes during development. In sea urchin embryos, the
             expression of Nodal on the oral (ventral) side of the embryo
             is the first known molecular determinant of the oral-aboral
             axis (the embryonic dorsoventral axis), and is crucial for
             specification of the oral territory. We show that p38 MAPK
             acts upstream of Nodal and is required for Nodal expression
             in the oral territory. p38 is uniformly activated early in
             development, but, for a short interval at late blastula
             stage, is asymmetrically inactivated in future aboral
             nuclei. Experiments show that this transient asymmetry of
             p38 activation corresponds temporally to both oral
             specification and the onset of oral Nodal expression.
             Uniform inhibition of p38 prevents Nodal expression and axis
             specification, resulting in aboralized embryos. Nodal and
             its target Gsc each rescue oral-aboral specification and
             patterning when expressed asymmetrically in p38-inhibited
             embryos. Thus, our results indicate that p38 is required for
             oral specification through its promotion of Nodal expression
             in the oral territory.},
   Key = {fds52327}
}

@article{fds139604,
   Author = {KL Deak and AL Boyles and HC Etchevers and EC Melvin and DG Siegel and FL
             Graham, SH Slifer and DS Enterline and TM George and M Vekemans and D
             McClay, AG Bassuk and JA Kessler and E Linney, JR Gilbert and MC
             Speer},
   Title = {SNPs in the neural cell adhesion molecule 1 gene (NCAM1) may
             be associated with human neural tube defects.},
   Journal = {Human genetics, Germany},
   Volume = {117},
   Number = {2-3},
   Pages = {133-42},
   Year = {2005},
   Month = {July},
   Keywords = {Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental • Haplotypes
             • Humans • Introns • Linkage Disequilibrium
             • Meningocele • Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules
             • Pedigree • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*
             • Spinal Cord • biosynthesis • embryology
             • genetics • genetics* • metabolism •
             pathology},
   Abstract = {Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common birth defects,
             occurring in approximately 1/1,000 births; both genetic and
             environmental factors are implicated. To date, no major
             genetic risk factors have been identified. Throughout
             development, cell adhesion molecules are strongly implicated
             in cell-cell interactions, and may play a role in the
             formation and closure of the neural tube. To evaluate the
             role of neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1) in risk of
             human NTDs, we screened for novel single-nucleotide
             polymorphisms (SNPs) within the gene. Eleven SNPs across
             NCAM1 were genotyped using TaqMan. We utilized a
             family-based approach to evaluate evidence for association
             and/or linkage disequilibrium. We evaluated American
             Caucasian simplex lumbosacral myelomeningocele families
             (n=132 families) using the family based association test
             (FBAT) and the pedigree disequilibrium test (PDT).
             Association analysis revealed a significant association
             between risk for NTDs and intronic SNP rs2298526 using both
             the FBAT test (P=0.0018) and the PDT (P=0.0025). Using the
             HBAT version of the FBAT to look for haplotype association,
             all pairwise comparisons with SNP rs2298526 were also
             significant. A replication study set, consisting of 72
             additional families showed no significant association;
             however, the overall trend for overtransmission of the less
             common allele of SNP rs2298526 remained significant in the
             combined sample set. In addition, we analyzed the expression
             pattern of the NCAM1 protein in human embryos, and while
             NCAM1 is not expressed within the neural tube at the time of
             closure, it is expressed in the surrounding and later in
             differentiated neurons of the CNS. These results suggest
             variations in NCAM1 may influence risk for human
             NTDs.},
   Key = {fds139604}
}

@article{fds139603,
   Author = {RE Peterson and DR McClay},
   Title = {A Fringe-modified Notch signal affects specification of
             mesoderm and endoderm in the sea urchin embryo.},
   Journal = {Developmental biology, United States},
   Volume = {282},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {126-37},
   Year = {2005},
   Month = {June},
   Keywords = {Animals • Blotting, Northern • Blotting, Western
             • Cell Differentiation • Cloning, Molecular •
             Computational Biology • Endoderm • Gene Expression
             Regulation, Developmental • Membrane Proteins •
             Mesoderm • N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases •
             Oligonucleotides, Antisense • Phylogeny •
             Receptors, Notch • Sea Urchins • Sequence
             Analysis, DNA • Signal Transduction • embryology*
             • genetics • metabolism • metabolism* •
             physiology • physiology*},
   Abstract = {Fringe proteins are O-fucose-specific beta-1,3
             N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases that glycosylate the
             extracellular EGF repeats of Notch and enable Notch to be
             activated by the ligand Delta. In the sea urchin, signaling
             between Delta and Notch is known to be necessary for
             specification of secondary mesenchyme cells (SMCs). The
             Lytechinus variegatus Fringe homologue is expressed in both
             the signaling and receiving cells during this first
             Delta-Notch signal. Perturbation of Fringe expression
             through morpholino antisense oligonucleotide (MO) injection
             results in fewer SMCs but also causes decreased and delayed
             archenteron invagination. Partial endoderm specification
             occurs but expression of some endoderm genes is compromised.
             The data are consistent with a Fringe-requiring Notch signal
             as one upstream component of archenteron morphogenesis.
             Finally, Fringe perturbations result in more severe
             phenotypes than those previously reported for Notch
             dominant-negative (LvN(neg)) injections or reported here for
             Notch MO (NMO) injections. Injecting a combination of
             LvN(neg) and NMO results in a more severe phenotype than
             either treatment alone, and this combination phenocopies the
             fringe MO embryos. Taken together, the results show that
             Fringe is necessary both for maternal and zygotic Notch
             signals, and these Notch signals affect specification of
             mesoderm and endoderm.},
   Key = {fds139603}
}

@article{fds139605,
   Author = {RC Range and JM Venuti and DR McClay},
   Title = {LvGroucho and nuclear beta-catenin functionally compete for
             Tcf binding to influence activation of the endomesoderm gene
             regulatory network in the sea urchin embryo.},
   Journal = {Developmental biology, United States},
   Volume = {279},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {252-67},
   Year = {2005},
   Month = {March},
   Keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence • Animals • Basic
             Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors • Conserved
             Sequence • Cytoskeletal Proteins • DNA-Binding
             Proteins • Drosophila • Drosophila Proteins •
             Embryo, Nonmammalian • Endoderm • Gene Expression
             Regulation, Developmental • Histone Deacetylases •
             Humans • Mesoderm • Molecular Sequence Data •
             Phylogeny • Polymerase Chain Reaction • RNA,
             Messenger • Repressor Proteins • Sea Urchins
             • Sequence Alignment • Sequence Homology, Amino
             Acid • Trans-Activators • Transcription Factors
             • beta Catenin • classification • embryology*
             • genetics • metabolism •
             physiology*},
   Abstract = {In the sea urchin embryo, specification of the endomesoderm
             is accomplished by the activity of a network of regulatory
             genes in the vegetal hemisphere, called the endomesoderm
             gene regulatory network (GRN). The activation of this
             network is mediated primarily through the activity of the
             Wnt pathway, though details of pathway activation remain
             unclear. To gain further insight into control of
             endomesoderm GRN activation, we have identified a sea urchin
             homologue of the co-repressor Groucho (LvGroucho) that has
             been shown to antagonize beta-catenin/Tcf activation
             complexes during Wnt signaling in other systems. Groucho
             functions by recruiting the histone deacetylase Rpd3 to the
             DNA template via interaction with site-specific
             transcription factors, resulting in localized chromatin
             condensation and transcriptional silencing. Our results show
             that the LvGroucho protein localizes to all nuclei
             throughout embryonic development. Interaction assays
             demonstrate that LvGroucho interacts with Tcf via both the Q
             and the WD domains of the protein. LvGroucho interacts with
             Tcf to antagonize the expression of key endomesoderm
             regulatory genes. Assays demonstrate that LvGroucho and n
             beta-catenin functionally compete for binding to Tcf as a
             major mechanism by which the Tcf-control switch is
             regulated. Functional analysis of the N-terminal AES197
             domain of LvGroucho shows that it is sufficient to
             recapitulate the function of full-length LvGroucho. This
             finding strongly supports the conclusion that the effects of
             LvGro overexpression are due primarily to its interactions
             with Tcf and not other Groucho interacting partners, since
             Tcf is the only protein present in the sea urchin known to
             interact with AES197. Because the Q domain is unable to bind
             Rpd3, it was expected to behave as a dominant negative
             LvGroucho. Unexpectedly, overexpression of the Q domain gave
             functional results similar to LvGroucho and the AES197
             domain. This is the first evidence for an inherent
             repressive function for the Q domain alone. Together, our
             results indicate that LvGroucho functionally competes with
             beta-catenin for Tcf binding, and this competitive mechanism
             regulates one of the earliest steps in the initiation of the
             sea urchin endomesoderm GRN.},
   Key = {fds139605}
}

@article{fds29409,
   Author = {McClay, D.R. and Gross, J. and Peterson, R. and C.
             Bradham},
   Title = {Mechanism of gastrulation in the Sea urchin.},
   Pages = {123-138.},
   Booktitle = {“Gastrulation"},
   Publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor,
             NY.},
   Editor = {Claudio Stern},
   Year = {2004},
   Key = {fds29409}
}

@article{fds29410,
   Author = {McClay, D.R and Range, R. and Sherwood, D.R},
   Title = {The Notch pathway in gastrulation.},
   Pages = {. 539-548},
   Booktitle = {“Gastrulation”},
   Publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor,
             NY},
   Editor = {Claudio Stern},
   Year = {2004},
   Key = {fds29410}
}

@article{fds29411,
   Author = {Bradham, C.A. and E. Miranda and D. R. McClay},
   Title = {PI3K Activity is Required for Skeletogenesis in Sea Urchin
             Embryos.},
   Journal = {Dev Dyn},
   Volume = {229},
   Pages = {713-721},
   Year = {2004},
   Key = {fds29411}
}

@article{fds29412,
   Author = {D.R. McClay},
   Title = {Methods for embryo dissociation and for studying cell
             associations using sea urchin material},
   Journal = {Methods of Cell Biology},
   Volume = {74},
   Pages = {311-329},
   Year = {2004},
   Key = {fds29412}
}

@article{fds29413,
   Author = {Wikramanayake, A.H. and R. Peterson and J. Chen and L. Huang and D.R.
             McClay, W.H. Klein},
   Title = {Selective expression of Wnt8 in vegetal cells of the early
             sea urchin embryo mediates endomesoderm specification in a
             nuclear beta-catenin-dependent manner},
   Journal = {Genesis},
   Volume = {39},
   Pages = {194-205},
   Year = {2004},
   Key = {fds29413}
}

@article{fds29414,
   Author = {Otim O and Amore G and Minokawa T and McClay DR and Davidson
             EH.},
   Title = {SpHnf6, a transcription factor that executes multiple
             functions in sea urchin embryogenesis.},
   Journal = {Dev. Biol.},
   Volume = {273},
   Pages = {226-243},
   Year = {2004},
   Key = {fds29414}
}

@article{fds29416,
   Author = {KL Bastress and HC Etchevers and AL Boyles and EC Melvin and DG Siegel and FL Graham and S Slifer and DS Enterline and TM George and M Vekemans and D
             McClay, AG Bassuk and JA Kessler and E Linney, JR Gilbert and M C
             Speer},
   Title = {SNPs in NCAM1 may be associated with human neural tube
             defects},
   Journal = {Submitted},
   Year = {2004},
   Key = {fds29416}
}

@article{fds139606,
   Author = {DR McClay},
   Title = {Methods for embryo dissociation and analysis of cell
             adhesion.},
   Journal = {Methods in cell biology, United States},
   Volume = {74},
   Pages = {311-29},
   Year = {2004},
   Keywords = {Animals • Biological Assay • Cell Adhesion •
             Cell Separation • Embryo, Nonmammalian • Female
             • Microdissection • Models, Animal • Ovum
             • Sea Urchins • cytology • embryology* •
             growth & development • instrumentation • methods
             • methods* • physiology},
   Key = {fds139606}
}

@article{fds14858,
   Author = {Gross, J.M and R.E. Peterson and D.R. McClay},
   Title = {LvTbx2/3, a T-box Family Transcription Factor Involved in
             Formation of the Oral/Aboral Axis of the Sea Urchin
             Embryo},
   Journal = {Development},
   Volume = {130},
   Pages = {1989-1999},
   Year = {2003},
   Key = {fds14858}
}

@article{fds14857,
   Author = {R.E. Peterson and D.R. McClay},
   Title = {Primary mesenchyme cell patterning during the early stages
             following ingression},
   Journal = {Dev. Biol.},
   Volume = {254},
   Pages = {68-78},
   Year = {2003},
   Key = {fds14857}
}

@article{fds14856,
   Author = {E. H. Davidson and D. R. McClay and L. Hood},
   Title = {Regulatory gene networks and the properties of the
             developmental process},
   Journal = {PNAS},
   Volume = {100},
   Pages = {1475-1480},
   Year = {2003},
   Key = {fds14856}
}

@article{fds14853,
   Author = {Oliveri, P. E.H. Davidson and D.R. McClay},
   Title = {Activation of pmar1 controls specification of micromeres in
             the sea urchin embryo},
   Journal = {Dev. Biol},
   Volume = {258},
   Pages = {25-38},
   Year = {2003},
   Key = {fds14853}
}

@article{fds14854,
   Author = {Amore, G. and R.G. Yavrouian and K.J. Peterson and A. Ransick and D.R.
             McClay and E.H. Davidson},
   Title = {Spdeadringer, a sea urchin embryo gene required separately
             in skeletogenic and oral ectoderm regulatory gene
             networks},
   Journal = {Dev. Biol.},
   Volume = {261},
   Pages = {55-81},
   Year = {2003},
   Key = {fds14854}
}

@article{fds3494,
   Author = {E.H. Davidson and J.P. Rast and P.Oliveri, R.A. Cameron and A.
             Ransick, C.Calestani and Ch.-H.Yuh, T. Minokawa and G. Amore and V.
             Hinman, C. Arenas-Mena and O.Otim, C.T. Brown and C. Livi and P.-y.
             Lee, R. Revilla and A.G. Rust and Z J. Pan and M. Schilstra and P.J.
             Clark},
   Title = {A genomic network for Development.},
   Journal = {Science},
   Volume = {295},
   Pages = {1669-1678},
   Year = {2002},
   Month = {December},
   Key = {fds3494}
}

@article{fds3492,
   Author = {EH Davidson and JP Rast and P Oliveri and RA Cameron and A Ransick and Ch-H
             Yuh, C Calestani and G Amore and V Hinman and T Minokawa and C
             Arenas-Mena, O Otim and CT Brown and C Livi and P-y Lee and R. Revilla and PJC Clarke and DR McClay and MI Arnone and L Rowan and LE Hood and H
             Bolouri},
   Title = {A Provisional Regulatory Gene Network for Specification of
             Endomesoderm in the Sea Urchin Embryo},
   Journal = {Dev. Biol.},
   Volume = {246},
   Pages = {162-190},
   Year = {2002},
   Key = {fds3492}
}

@article{fds33457,
   Author = {Gross, JM and McClay DR},
   Title = {The Role of Brachyruy (T) During Gastrulations Movement in
             the Sea Urchin, Lytechinus variegatus},
   Journal = {Developmental Biology},
   Volume = {239},
   Pages = {232-247},
   Year = {2001},
   Key = {fds33457}
}

@article{fds33461,
   Author = {D.R. McClay and Peterson, R. and Range, R. and Winter-Vann, A. and Ferkowicz, M.},
   Title = {micromere induction signal is activated by B-catenin and
             acts through Notch to initiate specification of secondary
             mesenchyme cells in the sea urchin embryo},
   Journal = {Development},
   Volume = {127},
   Pages = {5113-5122},
   Year = {2000},
   Key = {fds33461}
}

@article{fds33459,
   Author = {Angerer, LM and D Oleksyn and CY Logan DR McClay and L Dale and RC
             Angerer},
   Title = {A BMP pathway regulates cell fate allocation along the sea
             urchin animal-vegetal embryonic axis},
   Journal = {Development},
   Volume = {127},
   Pages = {1105-1114},
   Year = {2000},
   Key = {fds33459}
}

@article{fds3747,
   Author = {Wessel, G.M. and L. Berg and D. Adelson and G. Cannon and D.R.
             McClay},
   Title = {A molecularanalysis of hyalin, the major component of the
             cortical granules that is secreted at fertilization of the
             sea urchin egg.},
   Journal = {Dev. Biol},
   Volume = {193},
   Pages = {115-126},
   Year = {1983},
   Month = {December},
   Key = {fds3747}
}


%% Papers Submitted   
@article{fds139810,
   Author = {Byrum, C.A. and J. M. Bince and R.H. Xu and M.H. Illies and D.R. McClay and C. Ettensohn and A.H. Wikramanayake},
   Title = {Roles of Dsh in the regulation of sea urchin
             gastrulation.},
   Journal = {Dev Dyn},
   Year = {2008},
   Month = {December},
   Key = {fds139810}
}

@article{fds139811,
   Author = {J Croce and R Range and S-Y Wu and E Miranda and A Wikramanayake and T
             Lepage and DR. McClay},
   Title = {Maternal determinants in the vegetal cortex are required to
             activate the sea urchin endomesoderm gene regulatory
             network},
   Journal = {Development},
   Year = {2008},
   Key = {fds139811}
}

@article{fds139812,
   Author = {Bradham, CA. and C Oikonomou and W. Modell and D R. McClay and A
             J.Poustka},
   Title = {Chordin is required for neural but not axial specification
             in sea urchin embryos},
   Journal = {Dev Biol},
   Year = {2008},
   Key = {fds139812}
}

Duke Biology Box 90338 Durham, NC 27708 Phone: 919-660-7372 Fax: 919-660-7293