%% Books
@book{KimBook2001,
Author = {Kim, J. and Somani, S. and Yamamoto, Y.},
Title = {Nonclassical Light from Semiconductor Lasers and
LEDs},
Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
Address = {Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2001},
Key = {KimBook2001}
}
%% Papers Published
@article{fds371503,
Author = {Zhao, L and Goings, J and Shin, K and Kyoung, W and Fuks, JI and Kevin
Rhee, JK and Rhee, YM and Wright, K and Nguyen, J and Kim, J and Johri,
S},
Title = {Orbital-optimized pair-correlated electron simulations on
trapped-ion quantum computers},
Journal = {npj Quantum Information},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41534-023-00730-8},
Abstract = {Variational quantum eigensolvers (VQE) are among the most
promising approaches for solving electronic structure
problems on near-term quantum computers. A critical
challenge for VQE in practice is that one needs to strike a
balance between the expressivity of the VQE ansatz versus
the number of quantum gates required to implement the
ansatz, given the reality of noisy quantum operations on
near-term quantum computers. In this work, we consider an
orbital-optimized pair-correlated approximation to the
unitary coupled cluster with singles and doubles (uCCSD)
ansatz and report a highly efficient quantum circuit
implementation for trapped-ion architectures. We show that
orbital optimization can recover significant additional
electron correlation energy without sacrificing efficiency
through measurements of low-order reduced density matrices
(RDMs). In the dissociation of small molecules, the method
gives qualitatively accurate predictions in the
strongly-correlated regime when running on noise-free
quantum simulators. On IonQ’s Harmony and Aria trapped-ion
quantum computers, we run end-to-end VQE algorithms with up
to 12 qubits and 72 variational parameters—the largest
full VQE simulation with a correlated wave function on
quantum hardware. We find that even without error mitigation
techniques, the predicted relative energies across different
molecular geometries are in excellent agreement with
noise-free simulators.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41534-023-00730-8},
Key = {fds371503}
}
@article{fds372668,
Author = {Whitlow, J and Jia, Z and Wang, Y and Fang, C and Kim, J and Brown,
KR},
Title = {Quantum simulation of conical intersections using trapped
ions.},
Journal = {Nature chemistry},
Volume = {15},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1509-1514},
Year = {2023},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41557-023-01303-0},
Abstract = {Conical intersections often control the reaction products of
photochemical processes and occur when two electronic
potential energy surfaces intersect. Theory predicts that
the conical intersection will result in a geometric phase
for a wavepacket on the ground potential energy surface, and
although conical intersections have been observed
experimentally, the geometric phase has not been directly
observed in a molecular system. Here we use a trapped atomic
ion system to perform a quantum simulation of a conical
intersection. The ion's internal state serves as the
electronic state, and the motion of the atomic nuclei is
encoded into the motion of the ions. The simulated
electronic potential is constructed by applying
state-dependent optical forces to the ion. We experimentally
observe a clear manifestation of the geometric phase using
adiabatic state preparation followed by motional state
measurement. Our experiment shows the advantage of combining
spin and motion degrees for quantum simulation of chemical
reactions.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41557-023-01303-0},
Key = {fds372668}
}
@article{fds371638,
Author = {Sun, K and Fang, C and Kang, M and Zhang, Z and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN and Brown, KR and Kim, J},
Title = {Quantum Simulation of Polarized Light-Induced Electron
Transfer with a Trapped-Ion Qutrit System.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry letters},
Volume = {14},
Number = {26},
Pages = {6071-6077},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01166},
Abstract = {Electron transfer within and between molecules is crucial in
chemistry, biochemistry, and energy science. This study
describes a quantum simulation method that explores the
influence of light polarization on electron transfer between
two molecules. By implementing precise and coherent control
among the quantum states of trapped atomic ions, we can
induce quantum dynamics that mimic the electron-transfer
dynamics in molecules. We use three-level systems (qutrits),
rather than traditional two-level systems (qubits), to
enhance the simulation efficiency and realize high-fidelity
simulations of electron-transfer dynamics. We treat the
quantum interference between the electron coupling pathways
from a donor with two degenerate excited states to an
acceptor and analyze the transfer efficiency. We also
examine the potential error sources that enter the quantum
simulations. The trapped-ion systems have favorable scalings
with system size compared to those of classical computers,
promising access to richer electron-transfer
simulations.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01166},
Key = {fds371638}
}
@article{fds370229,
Author = {Jia, Z and Huang, S and Kang, M and Sun, K and Spivey, RF and Kim, J and Brown, KR},
Title = {Angle-robust two-qubit gates in a linear ion
crystal},
Journal = {Physical Review A},
Volume = {107},
Number = {3},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.032617},
Abstract = {In trapped-ion quantum computers, two-qubit entangling gates
are generated by applying spin-dependent force which uses
phonons to mediate interaction between the internal states
of the ions. To maintain high-fidelity two-qubit gates under
fluctuating experimental parameters, robust pulse-design
methods are applied to remove the residual spin-motion
entanglement in the presence of motional mode-frequency
drifts. Here we propose an improved pulse-design method that
also guarantees the robustness of the two-qubit rotation
angle against uniform mode-frequency drifts by concatenating
pulses with opposite sensitivity of the angle to
mode-frequency drifts. We experimentally verify
significantly improved robustness of the rotation angle
against uniform mode-frequency drifts, as well as observe an
improvement in gate fidelity from 97.84(10)% to 98.11(11)%,
compared to a single frequency-modulated
pulse.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.107.032617},
Key = {fds370229}
}
@article{fds371559,
Author = {Kang, M and Wang, Y and Fang, C and Zhang, B and Khosravani, O and Kim, J and Brown, KR},
Title = {Designing Filter Functions of Frequency-Modulated Pulses for
High-Fidelity Two-Qubit Gates in Ion Chains},
Journal = {Physical Review Applied},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.014014},
Abstract = {High-fidelity two-qubit gates in quantum computers are often
hampered by fluctuating experimental parameters. The effects
of time-varying parameter fluctuations lead to coherent
noise on the qubits, which can be suppressed by designing
control signals with appropriate filter functions. Here, we
develop filter functions for Mølmer-Sørensen gates of
trapped-ion quantum computers that accurately predict the
change in gate error due to small parameter fluctuations at
any frequency. We then design the filter functions of
frequency-modulated laser pulses, and compare this method
with pulses that are robust to static offsets of the
motional-mode frequencies. Experimentally, we measure the
noise spectrum of the motional modes and use it for
designing the filter functions, which improves the gate
fidelity from 99.23(7)% to 99.55(7)% in a five-ion
chain.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.014014},
Key = {fds371559}
}
@article{fds368309,
Author = {Fang, C and Wang, Y and Huang, S and Brown, KR and Kim,
J},
Title = {Crosstalk Suppression in Individually Addressed Two-Qubit
Gates in a Trapped-Ion Quantum Computer.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {129},
Number = {24},
Pages = {240504},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.129.240504},
Abstract = {Crosstalk between target and neighboring spectator qubits
due to spillover of control signals represents a major error
source limiting the fidelity of two-qubit entangling gates
in quantum computers. We show that in our laser-driven
trapped-ion system coherent crosstalk error can be modeled
as residual Xσ[over ^]_{ϕ} interaction and can be actively
canceled by single-qubit echoing pulses. We propose and
demonstrate a crosstalk suppression scheme that eliminates
all first-order crosstalk utilizing only local control of
target qubits, as opposed to an existing scheme which
requires control over all neighboring qubits. We report a
two-qubit Bell state fidelity of 99.52(6)% with the echoing
pulses applied after collective gates and 99.37(5)% with the
echoing pulses applied to each gate in a five-ion chain.
This scheme is widely applicable to other platforms with
analogous interaction Hamiltonians.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.129.240504},
Key = {fds368309}
}
@article{fds367875,
Author = {Zhu, EY and Johri, S and Bacon, D and Esencan, M and Kim, J and Muir, M and Murgai, N and Nguyen, J and Pisenti, N and Schouela, A and Sosnova, K and Wright, K},
Title = {Generative quantum learning of joint probability
distribution functions},
Journal = {Physical Review Research},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.043092},
Abstract = {Modeling joint probability distributions is an important
task in a wide variety of fields. One popular technique for
this employs a family of multivariate distributions with
uniform marginals called copulas. While the theory of
modeling joint distributions via copulas is well understood,
it gets practically challenging to accurately model real
data with many variables. In this paper, we show that any
copula can be naturally mapped to a multipartite maximally
entangled state. Thus, the task of learning joint
probability distributions becomes the task of learning
maximally entangled states. We prove that a variational
ansatz we christen as a "qopula"based on this insight leads
to an exponential advantage over classical methods of
learning some joint distributions. As an application, we
train a quantum generative adversarial network (QGAN) and a
quantum circuit Born machine (QCBM) using this variational
ansatz to generate samples from joint distributions of two
variables in historical data from the stock market. We
demonstrate our generative learning algorithms on trapped
ion quantum computers from IonQ for up to eight qubits. Our
experimental results show interesting findings such as the
resilience against noise, outperformance against equivalent
classical models and 20-1000 times less iterations required
to converge as compared to equivalent classical
models.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.043092},
Key = {fds367875}
}
@article{fds367222,
Author = {Jia, Z and Wang, Y and Zhang, B and Whitlow, J and Fang, C and Kim, J and Brown, KR},
Title = {Determination of Multimode Motional Quantum States in a
Trapped Ion System.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {129},
Number = {10},
Pages = {103602},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.129.103602},
Abstract = {Trapped atomic ions are a versatile platform for studying
interactions between spins and bosons by coupling the
internal states of the ions to their motion. Measurement of
complex motional states with multiple modes is challenging,
because all motional state populations can only be measured
indirectly through the spin state of ions. Here we present a
general method to determine the Fock state distributions and
to reconstruct the density matrix of an arbitrary multimode
motional state. We experimentally verify the method using
different entangled states of multiple radial modes in a
five-ion chain. This method can be extended to any system
with Jaynes-Cummings-type interactions.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.129.103602},
Key = {fds367222}
}
@article{fds362901,
Author = {Zhang, B and Majumder, S and Leung, PH and Crain, S and Wang, Y and Fang,
C and Debroy, DM and Kim, J and Brown, KR},
Title = {Hidden Inverses: Coherent Error Cancellation at the Circuit
Level},
Journal = {Physical Review Applied},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034074},
Abstract = {Coherent gate errors are a concern in many proposed
quantum-computing architectures. Here, we show that certain
coherent errors can be reduced by a local optimization that
chooses between two forms of the same Hermitian and unitary
quantum gate. We refer to this method as hidden inverses,
and it relies on constructing the same gate from either one
sequence of physical operations or the inverted sequence of
inverted operations. We use parity-controlled Z rotations as
our model circuit and numerically show the utility of hidden
inverses as a function of circuit width n. We experimentally
demonstrate the effectiveness for n=2 and n=4 qubits in a
trapped-ion quantum computer. We numerically compare the
method to other gate-level compilations for reducing
coherent errors.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034074},
Key = {fds362901}
}
@article{fds361206,
Author = {Spivey, RF and Inlek, IV and Jia, Z and Crain, S and Sun, K and Kim, J and Vrijsen, G and Fang, C and Fitzgerald, C and Kross, S and Noel,
T},
Title = {High-Stability Cryogenic System for Quantum Computing with
Compact Packaged Ion Traps},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering},
Volume = {3},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TQE.2021.3125926},
Abstract = {Cryogenic environments benefit ion trapping experiments by
offering lower motional heating rates, collision energies,
and an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) environment for maintaining
long ion chains for extended periods of time. Mechanical
vibrations caused by compressors in closed-cycle cryostats
can introduce relative motion between the ion and the
wavefronts of lasers used to manipulate the ions. Here, we
present a novel ion trapping system where a commercial
low-vibration closed-cycle cryostat is used in a custom
monolithic enclosure. We measure mechanical vibrations of
the sample stage using an optical interferometer, and
observe a root-mean-square relative displacement of 2.4 nm
and a peak-to-peak displacement of 17 nm between free-space
beams and the trapping location. We packaged a surface ion
trap in a cryopackage assembly that enables easy handling
while creating a UHV environment for the ions. The trap
cryopackage contains activated carbon getter material for
enhanced sorption pumping near the trapping location, and
source material for ablation loading. Using ^{171}Yb^{+} as
our ion, we estimate the operating pressure of the trap as a
function of package temperature using phase transitions of
zig-zag ion chains as a probe. We measured the radial mode
heating rate of a single ion to be 13 quanta/s on average.
The Ramsey coherence measurements yield 330-ms coherence
time for counter-propagating Raman carrier transitions using
a 355-nm mode-locked pulse laser, demonstrating the high
optical stability.},
Doi = {10.1109/TQE.2021.3125926},
Key = {fds361206}
}
@article{fds365509,
Author = {Chen, T and Kim, J and Kuzyk, M and Whitlow, J and Phiri, S and Bondurant,
B and Riesebos, L and Brown, KR},
Title = {Stable Turnkey Laser System for a Yb/Ba Trapped-Ion Quantum
Computer},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering},
Volume = {3},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TQE.2022.3195428},
Abstract = {This work presents a stable and reliable turnkey
continuous-wave laser system for a Yb/Ba multispecies
trapped-ion quantum computer. The compact and rack-mountable
optics system exhibits high robustness, operating over a
year without realignment, regardless of temperature changes
in the laboratory. The overall optical system is divided
into a few isolated modules interconnected by optical fibers
for easy maintenance. The light sources are
frequency-stabilized by comparing their frequencies with two
complementary references: 1) a commercial Fizeau wavelength
meter and 2) a high-finesse optical cavity. This scheme
enables automatic frequency stabilization for days with a
sub-MHz precision.},
Doi = {10.1109/TQE.2022.3195428},
Key = {fds365509}
}
@article{fds360030,
Author = {Kawashima, Y and Lloyd, E and Coons, MP and Nam, Y and Matsuura, S and Garza, AJ and Johri, S and Huntington, L and Senicourt, V and Maksymov,
AO and Nguyen, JHV and Kim, J and Alidoust, N and Zaribafiyan, A and Yamazaki, T},
Title = {Optimizing electronic structure simulations on a trapped-ion
quantum computer using problem decomposition},
Journal = {Communications Physics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42005-021-00751-9},
Abstract = {Quantum computers have the potential to advance material
design and drug discovery by performing costly electronic
structure calculations. A critical aspect of this
application requires optimizing the limited resources of the
quantum hardware. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an
end-to-end pipeline that focuses on minimizing quantum
resources while maintaining accuracy. Using density matrix
embedding theory as a problem decomposition technique, and
an ion-trap quantum computer, we simulate a ring of 10
hydrogen atoms without freezing any electrons. The
originally 20-qubit system is decomposed into 10 two-qubit
problems, making it amenable to currently available
hardware. Combining this decomposition with a qubit coupled
cluster circuit ansatz, circuit optimization, and density
matrix purification, we accurately reproduce the potential
energy curve in agreement with the full configuration
interaction energy in the minimal basis set. Our
experimental results are an early demonstration of the
potential for problem decomposition to accurately simulate
large molecules on quantum hardware.},
Doi = {10.1038/s42005-021-00751-9},
Key = {fds360030}
}
@article{fds358775,
Author = {Johri, S and Debnath, S and Mocherla, A and Singk, A and Prakash, A and Kim, J and Kerenidis, I},
Title = {Nearest centroid classification on a trapped ion quantum
computer},
Journal = {npj Quantum Information},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41534-021-00456-5},
Abstract = {Quantum machine learning has seen considerable theoretical
and practical developments in recent years and has become a
promising area for finding real world applications of
quantum computers. In pursuit of this goal, here we combine
state-of-the-art algorithms and quantum hardware to provide
an experimental demonstration of a quantum machine learning
application with provable guarantees for its performance and
efficiency. In particular, we design a quantum Nearest
Centroid classifier, using techniques for efficiently
loading classical data into quantum states and performing
distance estimations, and experimentally demonstrate it on a
11-qubit trapped-ion quantum machine, matching the accuracy
of classical nearest centroid classifiers for the MNIST
handwritten digits dataset and achieving up to 100% accuracy
for 8-dimensional synthetic data.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41534-021-00456-5},
Key = {fds358775}
}
@article{fds359246,
Author = {Kang, M and Liang, Q and Zhang, B and Huang, S and Wang, Y and Fang, C and Kim, J and Brown, KR},
Title = {Batch Optimization of Frequency-Modulated Pulses for Robust
Two-Qubit Gates in Ion Chains},
Journal = {Physical Review Applied},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.16.024039},
Abstract = {Two-qubit gates in trapped-ion quantum computers are
generated by applying spin-dependent forces that temporarily
entangle the internal state of the ion with its motion.
Laser pulses are carefully designed to generate a maximally
entangling gate between the ions while minimizing any
residual entanglement between the motion and the ion. The
quality of the gates suffers when the actual experimental
parameters differ from the ideal case. Here, we improve the
robustness of frequency-modulated Mølmer-Sørensen gates to
motional mode-frequency offsets by optimizing the average
performance over a range of systematic errors using batch
optimization. We then compare this method with
frequency-modulated gates optimized for ideal parameters
that include an analytic robustness condition. Numerical
simulations show good performance up to 12 ions, and the
method is experimentally demonstrated on a two-ion
chain.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevApplied.16.024039},
Key = {fds359246}
}
@article{fds362789,
Author = {Awschalom, D and Berggren, KK and Bernien, H and Bhave, S and Carr, LD and Davids, P and Economou, SE and Englund, D and Faraon, A and Fejer, M and Guha, S and Gustafsson, MV and Hu, E and Jiang, L and Kim, J and Korzh, B and Kumar, P and Kwiat, PG and Lončar, M and Lukin, MD and Miller, DAB and Monroe, C and Nam, SW and Narang, P and Orcutt, JS and Raymer, MG and Safavi-Naeini, AH and Spiropulu, M and Srinivasan, K and Sun, S and Vučković, J and Waks, E and Walsworth, R and Weiner, AM and Zhang,
Z},
Title = {Development of Quantum Interconnects (QuICs) for
Next-Generation Information Technologies},
Journal = {PRX Quantum},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.2.017002},
Abstract = {Just as "classical"information technology rests on a
foundation built of interconnected information-processing
systems, quantum information technology (QIT) must do the
same. A critical component of such systems is the
"interconnect,"a device or process that allows transfer of
information between disparate physical media, for example,
semiconductor electronics, individual atoms, light pulses in
optical fiber, or microwave fields. While interconnects have
been well engineered for decades in the realm of classical
information technology, quantum interconnects (QuICs)
present special challenges, as they must allow the transfer
of fragile quantum states between different physical parts
or degrees of freedom of the system. The diversity of QIT
platforms (superconducting, atomic, solid-state color
center, optical, etc.) that will form a "quantum
internet"poses additional challenges. As quantum systems
scale to larger size, the quantum interconnect bottleneck is
imminent, and is emerging as a grand challenge for QIT. For
these reasons, it is the position of the community
represented by participants of the NSF workshop on "Quantum
Interconnects"that accelerating QuIC research is crucial for
sustained development of a national quantum science and
technology program. Given the diversity of QIT platforms,
materials used, applications, and infrastructure required, a
convergent research program including partnership between
academia, industry, and national laboratories is
required.},
Doi = {10.1103/PRXQuantum.2.017002},
Key = {fds362789}
}
@article{fds362790,
Author = {Alexeev, Y and Bacon, D and Brown, KR and Calderbank, R and Carr, LD and Chong, FT and Demarco, B and Englund, D and Farhi, E and Fefferman, B and Gorshkov, AV and Houck, A and Kim, J and Kimmel, S and Lange, M and Lloyd,
S and Lukin, MD and Maslov, D and Maunz, P and Monroe, C and Preskill, J and Roetteler, M and Savage, MJ and Thompson, J},
Title = {Quantum Computer Systems for Scientific Discovery},
Journal = {PRX Quantum},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.2.017001},
Abstract = {The great promise of quantum computers comes with the dual
challenges of building them and finding their useful
applications. We argue that these two challenges should be
considered together, by codesigning full-stack quantum
computer systems along with their applications in order to
hasten their development and potential for scientific
discovery. In this context, we identify scientific and
community needs, opportunities, a sampling of a few use case
studies, and significant challenges for the development of
quantum computers for science over the next 2-10 years. This
document is written by a community of university, national
laboratory, and industrial researchers in the field of
Quantum Information Science and Technology, and is based on
a summary from a U.S. National Science Foundation workshop
on Quantum Computing held on October 21-22, 2019 in
Alexandria, VA.},
Doi = {10.1103/PRXQuantum.2.017001},
Key = {fds362790}
}
@article{fds354280,
Author = {Aikyo, Y and Vrijsen, G and Noel, TW and Kato, A and Ivory, MK and Kim,
J},
Title = {Vacuum characterization of a compact room-temperature
trapped ion system},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {117},
Number = {23},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0029236},
Abstract = {We present the design and vacuum performance of a compact
room-temperature trapped ion system for quantum computing,
consisting of an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) package, a
micro-fabricated surface trap, and a small form-factor ion
pump. The system is designed to maximize mechanical
stability and robustness by minimizing the system size and
weight. The internal volume of the UHV package is only ≈ 2
cm 3, a significant reduction in comparison with
conventional vacuum chambers used in trapped ion
experiments. We demonstrate trapping of 174Yb+ ions in this
system and characterize the vacuum level in the UHV package
by monitoring both the rates of ion hopping in a double-well
potential and ion chain reordering events. The calculated
pressure in this vacuum package is ≈ 2.2 × 10 11 Torr,
which is sufficient for the majority of current trapped ion
experiments.},
Doi = {10.1063/5.0029236},
Key = {fds354280}
}
@article{fds349689,
Author = {Nam, Y and Chen, JS and Pisenti, NC and Wright, K and Delaney, C and Maslov, D and Brown, KR and Allen, S and Amini, JM and Apisdorf, J and Beck, KM and Blinov, A and Chaplin, V and Chmielewski, M and Collins, C and Debnath, S and Hudek, KM and Ducore, AM and Keesan, M and Kreikemeier,
SM and Mizrahi, J and Solomon, P and Williams, M and Wong-Campos, JD and Moehring, D and Monroe, C and Kim, J},
Title = {Ground-state energy estimation of the water molecule on a
trapped-ion quantum computer},
Journal = {npj Quantum Information},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41534-020-0259-3},
Abstract = {Quantum computing leverages the quantum resources of
superposition and entanglement to efficiently solve
computational problems considered intractable for classical
computers. Examples include calculating molecular and
nuclear structure, simulating strongly interacting electron
systems, and modeling aspects of material function. While
substantial theoretical advances have been made in mapping
these problems to quantum algorithms, there remains a large
gap between the resource requirements for solving such
problems and the capabilities of currently available quantum
hardware. Bridging this gap will require a co-design
approach, where the expression of algorithms is developed in
conjunction with the hardware itself to optimize execution.
Here we describe an extensible co-design framework for
solving chemistry problems on a trapped-ion quantum computer
and apply it to estimating the ground-state energy of the
water molecule using the variational quantum eigensolver
(VQE) method. The controllability of the trapped-ion quantum
computer enables robust energy estimates using the prepared
VQE ansatz states. The systematic and statistical errors are
comparable to the chemical accuracy, which is the target
threshold necessary for predicting the rates of chemical
reaction dynamics, without resorting to any error mitigation
techniques based on Richardson extrapolation.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41534-020-0259-3},
Key = {fds349689}
}
@article{fds353285,
Author = {Shea, ME and Baker, PM and Joseph, JA and Kim, J and Gauthier,
DJ},
Title = {Submillisecond, nondestructive, time-resolved quantum-state
readout of a single, trapped neutral atom},
Journal = {Physical Review A},
Volume = {102},
Number = {5},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.102.053101},
Abstract = {We achieve fast, nondestructive quantum-state readout via
fluorescence detection of a single Rb87 atom in the 5S1/2
(F=2) ground state held in an optical dipole trap. The atom
is driven by linearly polarized readout laser beams, making
the scheme insensitive to the distribution of atomic
population in magnetic sublevels. We demonstrate a readout
fidelity of 97.6±0.2% in a readout time of 160±20µs with
the atom retained in >97% of the trials, representing an
advancement over other magnetic-state-insensitive
techniques. We demonstrate that the F=2 state is partially
protected from optical pumping by the distribution of the
dipole matrix elements for the various transitions and the
ac-Stark shifts from the optical trap. Our results are
likely to find application in neutral-atom quantum computing
and simulation.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.102.053101},
Key = {fds353285}
}
@article{fds352817,
Author = {Wang, Y and Crain, S and Fang, C and Zhang, B and Huang, S and Liang, Q and Leung, PH and Brown, KR and Kim, J},
Title = {High-Fidelity Two-Qubit Gates Using a Microelectromechanical-System-Based
Beam Steering System for Individual Qubit
Addressing.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {125},
Number = {15},
Pages = {150505},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.125.150505},
Abstract = {In a large scale trapped atomic ion quantum computer,
high-fidelity two-qubit gates need to be extended over all
qubits with individual control. We realize and characterize
high-fidelity two-qubit gates in a system with up to four
ions using radial modes. The ions are individually addressed
by two tightly focused beams steered using
microelectromechanical system mirrors. We deduce a gate
fidelity of 99.49(7)% in a two-ion chain and 99.30(6)% in a
four-ion chain by applying a sequence of up to 21 two-qubit
gates and measuring the final state fidelity. We
characterize the residual errors and discuss methods to
further improve the gate fidelity towards values that are
compatible with fault-tolerant quantum computation.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.125.150505},
Key = {fds352817}
}
@article{fds348855,
Author = {Cahall, C and Islam, NT and Gauthier, DJ and Kim,
J},
Title = {Multimode Time-Delay Interferometer for Free-Space Quantum
Communication},
Journal = {Physical Review Applied},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.024047},
Abstract = {Quantum communication schemes such as quantum key
distribution (QKD) and superdense teleportation provide
unique opportunities to communicate information securely.
Increasingly, optical communication is being extended to
free-space channels, but atmospheric turbulence in
free-space channels requires optical receivers and
measurement infrastructure to support many spatial modes.
Here, we present a multimode Michelson-type time-delay
interferometer using a field-widened design for the
measurement of phase-encoded states in free-space
communication schemes. The interferometer is constructed
using glass beam paths to provide thermal stability, a
field-widened angular tolerance, and a compact footprint.
The performance of the interferometer is highlighted by
measured visibilities of 99.02±0.05% and 98.38±0.01% for
single- and multimode inputs, respectively. Additionally,
high-quality multimode interference is demonstrated for
arbitrary spatial-mode structures and for temperature
changes of ±1.0°C. The interferometer has a measured
optical-path-length drift of 130nm/C near room temperature.
With this setup, we demonstrate the measurement of a
two-peaked multimode single-photon state used in time-phase
QKD with a visibility of 97.37±0.01%.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.024047},
Key = {fds348855}
}
@article{fds346227,
Author = {Crain, S and Cahall, C and Vrijsen, G and Wollman, EE and Shaw, MD and Verma, VB and Nam, SW and Kim, J},
Title = {High-speed low-crosstalk detection of a 171Yb+
qubit using superconducting nanowire single photon
detectors},
Journal = {Communications Physics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42005-019-0195-8},
Abstract = {Qubits used in quantum computing suffer from errors, either
from the qubit interacting with the environment, or from
imperfect quantum logic gates. Effective quantum error
correcting codes require a high fidelity readout of ancilla
qubits from which the error syndrome can be determined
without affecting data qubits. Here, we present a detection
scheme for 171Yb+ qubits, where we use superconducting
nanowire single photon detectors and utilize photon
time-of-arrival statistics to improve the fidelity and
speed. Qubit shuttling allows for creating a separate
detection region where an ancilla qubit can be measured
without disrupting a data qubit. We achieve an average qubit
state detection time of 11 μs with a fidelity of 99.931(6).
The detection crosstalk error, defined as the probability
that the data qubit coherence is lost due to the process of
detecting an ancilla qubit, is reduced to ~2 × 10−5 by
creating a separation of 370 μm between
them.},
Doi = {10.1038/s42005-019-0195-8},
Key = {fds346227}
}
@article{fds347314,
Author = {Wright, K and Beck, KM and Debnath, S and Amini, JM and Nam, Y and Grzesiak, N and Chen, J-S and Pisenti, NC and Chmielewski, M and Collins, C and Hudek, KM and Mizrahi, J and Wong-Campos, JD and Allen,
S and Apisdorf, J and Solomon, P and Williams, M and Ducore, AM and Blinov,
A and Kreikemeier, SM and Chaplin, V and Keesan, M and Monroe, C and Kim,
J},
Title = {Benchmarking an 11-qubit quantum computer.},
Journal = {Nature communications},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5464},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13534-2},
Abstract = {The field of quantum computing has grown from concept to
demonstration devices over the past 20 years. Universal
quantum computing offers efficiency in approaching problems
of scientific and commercial interest, such as factoring
large numbers, searching databases, simulating intractable
models from quantum physics, and optimizing complex cost
functions. Here, we present an 11-qubit fully-connected,
programmable quantum computer in a trapped ion system
composed of 13 <sup>171</sup>Yb<sup>+</sup> ions. We
demonstrate average single-qubit gate fidelities of
99.5[Formula: see text], average two-qubit-gate fidelities
of 97.5[Formula: see text], and SPAM errors of 0.7[Formula:
see text]. To illustrate the capabilities of this universal
platform and provide a basis for comparison with
similarly-sized devices, we compile the Bernstein-Vazirani
and Hidden Shift algorithms into our native gates and
execute them on the hardware with average success rates of
78[Formula: see text] and 35[Formula: see text],
respectively. These algorithms serve as excellent benchmarks
for any type of quantum hardware, and show that our system
outperforms all other currently available
hardware.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41467-019-13534-2},
Key = {fds347314}
}
@article{fds347204,
Author = {Vrijsen, G and Aikyo, Y and Spivey, RF and Inlek, IV and Kim,
J},
Title = {Efficient isotope-selective pulsed laser ablation loading of
174Yb+ ions in a surface electrode
trap.},
Journal = {Optics express},
Volume = {27},
Number = {23},
Pages = {33907-33914},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.033907},
Abstract = {We report a highly efficient loading of <sup>174</sup>Yb<sup>+</sup>
ions in a surface electrode ion trap by using single pulses
from a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser to ablate neutral atoms,
combined with a two-photon photo-ionization process. The
method is three orders of magnitude faster to load a single
ion as compared to traditional resistively heated sources
and can load large collections of ions in seconds. The
negligible thermal load of this method enables the use of
this ablation-based loading scheme in ion traps operating
under cryogenic conditions.},
Doi = {10.1364/oe.27.033907},
Key = {fds347204}
}
@article{fds346623,
Author = {Nicolich, KL and Cahall, C and Islam, NT and Lafyatis, GP and Kim, J and Miller, AJ and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Universal Model for the Turn-On Dynamics of Superconducting
Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors},
Journal = {Physical Review Applied},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.12.034020},
Abstract = {We describe an electrothermal model for the turn-on dynamics
of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
(SNSPDs). By extracting a scaling law from a well-known
electrothermal model of SNSPDs, we show that the rise time
of the readout signal encodes the photon number as well as
the length of the nanowire with scaling trise∞ℓ/n. We
show that these results hold regardless of the exact form of
the thermal effects. This explains how SNSPDs have an
inherent photon-number-resolving capability. We
experimentally verify the photon-number dependence by
collecting waveforms for different photon numbers, rescaling
them according to our predicted relation, and performing
statistical analysis that shows that there is no statistical
significance between the rescaled curves. Additionally, we
use our predicted dependence of the rise time on the
detector length to provide further insight into previous
theoretical work by other authors. By assuming a specific
thermal model, we predict that rise time will scale with the
bias current, trise∞1/Ib. We fit this model to
experimental data and find that trise∞1/(n0.52±0.03Ib0.63±0.02),
which suggests that further work is needed to better
understand the bias-current dependence. This work gives
insights into the nonequilibrium dynamics of thin
superconducting films exposed to electromagnetic
radiation.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevApplied.12.034020},
Key = {fds346623}
}
@article{fds347119,
Author = {Islam, NT and Lim, CCW and Cahall, C and Qi, B and Kim, J and Gauthier,
DJ},
Title = {Scalable high-rate, high-dimensional time-bin encoding
quantum key distribution},
Journal = {Quantum Science and Technology},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab21a4},
Abstract = {We propose and experimentally demonstrate a new scheme for
measuring high-dimensional phase states using a two-photon
interference technique, which we refer to as
quantum-controlled measurement. Using this scheme, we
implement a d-dimensional time-phase quantum key
distribution (QKD) system and achieve secret key rates of
5.26 and 8.65 Mbps using d = 2 and d = 8 quantum states,
respectively, for a 4 dB channel loss, illustrating that
high-dimensional time-phase QKD protocols are advantageous
for low-loss quantum channels. This work paves the way for
practical high-dimensional QKD protocols for
metropolitan-scale systems. Furthermore, our results apply
equally well for other high-dimensional protocols, such as
those using the spatial degree-of-freedom with orbital
angular momentum states being one example.},
Doi = {10.1088/2058-9565/ab21a4},
Key = {fds347119}
}
@article{fds341921,
Author = {Maslov, D and Nam, Y and Kim, J},
Title = {An Outlook for Quantum Computing [Point of
View]},
Journal = {Proceedings of the IEEE},
Volume = {107},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-10},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2018.2884353},
Abstract = {We have ubiquitous presence of computers today, ranging from
simple controllers in modern appliances to smartphones in
our pockets that provide a wide range of everyday services,
to powerful supercomputers and large data centers that carry
out the most computationally intensive tasks. These
computational machines have a few things in common: for
example, the information they handle is stored in bits (0 or
1), and the procedure for processing the information is
specified by a program. A great deal is known about the
limits of what such computational machines can and cannot do
efficiently. There are many important computational problems
that are believed to be very difficult to solve using even
the most powerful computers, where the resource requirement
- whether it is the size of the machine or the time it takes
to finish the task - increases exponentially as a function
of the problem size.},
Doi = {10.1109/JPROC.2018.2884353},
Key = {fds341921}
}
@article{fds338561,
Author = {Aragoneses, A and Islam, NT and Eggleston, M and Lezama, A and Kim, J and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Bounding the outcome of a two-photon interference
measurement using weak coherent states.},
Journal = {Optics letters},
Volume = {43},
Number = {16},
Pages = {3806-3809},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.43.003806},
Abstract = {The interference of two photons at a beam splitter is at the
core of many quantum photonic technologies, such as quantum
key distribution or linear-optics quantum computing.
Observing high-visibility interference is challenging
because of the difficulty of realizing indistinguishable
single-photon sources. Here, we perform a two-photon
interference experiment using phase-randomized weak coherent
states with different mean photon numbers. We place a tight
upper bound on the expected coincidences for the case when
the incident wavepackets contain single photons, allowing us
to observe the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. We find that the
interference visibility is at least as large as
0.995-0.013+0.005.},
Doi = {10.1364/ol.43.003806},
Key = {fds338561}
}
@article{fds335952,
Author = {Cahall, C and Gauthier, DJ and Kim, J},
Title = {Scalable cryogenic readout circuit for a superconducting
nanowire single-photon detector system.},
Journal = {The Review of scientific instruments},
Volume = {89},
Number = {6},
Pages = {063117},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5018179},
Abstract = {The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD)
is a leading technology for quantum information science
applications using photons, and is finding increasing uses
in photon-starved classical imaging applications. Critical
detector characteristics, such as timing resolution
(jitter), reset time, and maximum count rate, are heavily
influenced by the readout electronics that sense and amplify
the photon detection signal. We describe a readout circuit
for SNSPDs using commercial off-the-shelf amplifiers
operating at cryogenic temperatures. Our design demonstrates
a 35 ps timing resolution and a maximum count rate of over 2
× 10<sup>7</sup> counts per second, while maintaining <3 mW
power consumption per channel, making it suitable for a
multichannel readout.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.5018179},
Key = {fds335952}
}
@article{fds335953,
Author = {Islam, NT and Lim, CCW and Cahall, C and Kim, J and Gauthier,
DJ},
Title = {Securing quantum key distribution systems using fewer
states},
Journal = {Physical Review A},
Volume = {97},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.97.042347},
Abstract = {Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two remote users to
establish a secret key in the presence of an eavesdropper.
The users share quantum states prepared in two mutually
unbiased bases: one to generate the key while the other
monitors the presence of the eavesdropper. Here, we show
that a general d-dimension QKD system can be secured by
transmitting only a subset of the monitoring states. In
particular, we find that there is no loss in the secure key
rate when dropping one of the monitoring states.
Furthermore, it is possible to use only a single monitoring
state if the quantum bit error rates are low enough. We
apply our formalism to an experimental d=4 time-phase QKD
system, where only one monitoring state is transmitted, and
obtain a secret key rate of 17.4±2.8 Mbits/s at a 4 dB
channel loss and with a quantum bit error rate of
0.045±0.001 and 0.037±0.001 in time and phase bases,
respectively, which is 58.4% of the secret key rate that can
be achieved with the full setup. This ratio can be
increased, potentially up to 100%, if the error rates in
time and phase basis are reduced. Our results demonstrate
that it is possible to substantially simplify the design of
high-dimensional QKD systems, including those that use the
spatial or temporal degrees of freedom of the photon, and
still outperform qubit-based (d=2) protocols.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.97.042347},
Key = {fds335953}
}
@article{fds340148,
Author = {Van Rynbach and A and Ahsan, M and Kim, J},
Title = {A quantum computing performance simulator based on circuit
failure probability and fault path counting},
Journal = {ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing
Systems},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-17},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3154837},
Abstract = {Quantum computing performance simulators are needed to
provide practical metrics for the effectiveness of executing
theoretical quantum information processing protocols on
physical hardware. In this work, we present a tool to
simulate the execution of fault-tolerant quantum computation
by automating the tracking of common fault paths for error
propagation through an encoded circuit block and quantifying
the failure probability of each encoded qubit throughout the
circuit. Our simulator runs a fault path counter on encoded
circuit blocks to determine the probability that two or more
errors remain on the encoded qubits after each block is
executed, and it combines errors from all the encoded blocks
to estimate performance metrics such as the logical qubit
failure probability, the overall circuit failure
probability, the number of qubits used, and the time
required to run the overall circuit. Our technique
efficiently estimates the upper bound of the error
probability and provides a useful measure of the error
threshold at low error probabilities where conventional
Monte Carlo methods are ineffective. We describe a way of
simplifying the fault-tolerant measurement process in the
Steane code to reduce the number of error correction steps
necessary. We present simulation results comparing the
execution of quantum adders, which constitute a major part
of Shor’s algorithm.},
Doi = {10.1145/3154837},
Key = {fds340148}
}
@article{fds331879,
Author = {Cahall, C and Nicolich, KL and Islam, NT and Lafyatis, GP and Miller,
AJ and Gauthier, DJ and Kim, J},
Title = {Multi-photon detection using a conventional superconducting
nanowire single-photon detector},
Journal = {Optica},
Volume = {4},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1534-1535},
Publisher = {The Optical Society},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.4.001534},
Abstract = {We present the first evidence of multi-photon detection
using a conventional superconducting nanowire single-photon
detector, indicating number resolution up to four photons.
The observed multi-photon detection statistics are
consistent with the predictions of our model.},
Doi = {10.1364/OPTICA.4.001534},
Key = {fds331879}
}
@article{fds332800,
Author = {Islam, NT and Lim, CCW and Cahall, C and Kim, J and Gauthier,
DJ},
Title = {Provably secure and high-rate quantum key distribution with
time-bin qudits.},
Journal = {Science advances},
Volume = {3},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e1701491},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1701491},
Abstract = {The security of conventional cryptography systems is
threatened in the forthcoming era of quantum computers.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) features fundamentally proven
security and offers a promising option for quantum-proof
cryptography solution. Although prototype QKD systems over
optical fiber have been demonstrated over the years, the key
generation rates remain several orders of magnitude lower
than current classical communication systems. In an effort
toward a commercially viable QKD system with improved key
generation rates, we developed a discrete-variable QKD
system based on time-bin quantum photonic states that can
generate provably secure cryptographic keys at
megabit-per-second rates over metropolitan distances. We use
high-dimensional quantum states that transmit more than one
secret bit per received photon, alleviating detector
saturation effects in the superconducting nanowire
single-photon detectors used in our system that feature very
high detection efficiency (of more than 70%) and low timing
jitter (of less than 40 ps). Our system is constructed using
commercial off-the-shelf components, and the adopted
protocol can be readily extended to free-space quantum
channels. The security analysis adopted to distill the keys
ensures that the demonstrated protocol is robust against
coherent attacks, finite-size effects, and a broad class of
experimental imperfections identified in our
system.},
Doi = {10.1126/sciadv.1701491},
Key = {fds332800}
}
@article{fds347664,
Author = {Van Rynbach and A and Schwartz, G and Spivey, RF and Joseph, J and Vrijsen,
G and Kim, J},
Title = {Design and characterization of an integrated surface ion
trap and micromirror optical cavity.},
Journal = {Applied optics},
Volume = {56},
Number = {23},
Pages = {6511-6519},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.56.006511},
Abstract = {We have fabricated and characterized laser-ablated
micromirrors on fused silica substrates for constructing
stable Fabry-Perot optical cavities. We highlight several
design features which allow these cavities to have lengths
in the 250-300 μm range and be integrated directly with
surface ion traps. We present a method to calculate the
optical mode shape and losses of these micromirror cavities
as functions of cavity length and mirror shape, and confirm
that our simulation model is in good agreement with
experimental measurements of the intracavity optical mode at
a test wavelength of 780 nm. We have designed and tested a
mechanical setup for dampening vibrations and stabilizing
the cavity length, and explore applications for these
cavities as efficient single-photon sources when combined
with trapped Yb171<sup>+</sup> ions.},
Doi = {10.1364/ao.56.006511},
Key = {fds347664}
}
@article{fds330571,
Author = {Islam, NT and Cahall, C and Aragoneses, A and Lezama, A and Kim, J and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Robust and Stable Delay Interferometers with Application to
d -Dimensional Time-Frequency Quantum Key
Distribution},
Journal = {Physical Review Applied},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.044010},
Abstract = {We experimentally investigate a cascade of
temperature-compensated unequal-path interferometers that
can be used to measure frequency states in a
high-dimensional quantum distribution system. In particular,
we demonstrate that commercially available interferometers
have sufficient environmental isolation so that they
maintain an interference visibility greater than 98.5% at a
wavelength of 1550 nm over extended periods with only
moderate passive control of the interferometer temperature
(<±0.50 °C). Specifically, we characterize two
interferometers that have matched delays: one with a free
spectral range of 2.5 GHz and the other with 1.25 GHz. We
find that the relative path of these interferometers drifts
less than 3 nm over a period of 1 h during which the
temperature fluctuates by <±0.10 °C. When we purposely
heat the interferometers over a temperature range of 20-50
°C, we measure a path-length shift of 26±9 nm/°C for the
2.5-GHz interferometer. For the 1.25-GHz interferometer, the
path-length shift is nonlinear and is locally equal to zero
at a temperature of 37.1 °C and is 50±17 nm/°C at 22 °C.
With these devices, we realize a proof-of-concept quantum
key distribution experiment and achieve quantum bit error
rates of 1.94% and 3.69% in time and frequency basis,
respectively, at a quantum channel loss of 14
dB.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.044010},
Key = {fds330571}
}
@article{fds321499,
Author = {Mount, E and Gaultney, D and Vrijsen, G and Adams, M and Baek, SY and Hudek, K and Isabella, L and Crain, S and van Rynbach, A and Maunz, P and Kim, J},
Title = {Scalable digital hardware for a trapped ion quantum
computer},
Journal = {Quantum Information Processing},
Volume = {15},
Number = {12},
Pages = {5281-5298},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11128-015-1120-z},
Abstract = {Many of the challenges of scaling quantum computer hardware
lie at the interface between the qubits and the classical
control signals used to manipulate them. Modular ion trap
quantum computer architectures address scalability by
constructing individual quantum processors interconnected
via a network of quantum communication channels. Successful
operation of such quantum hardware requires a fully
programmable classical control system capable of frequency
stabilizing the continuous wave lasers necessary for
loading, cooling, initialization, and detection of the ion
qubits, stabilizing the optical frequency combs used to
drive logic gate operations on the ion qubits, providing a
large number of analog voltage sources to drive the trap
electrodes, and a scheme for maintaining phase coherence
among all the controllers that manipulate the qubits. In
this work, we describe scalable solutions to these hardware
development challenges.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11128-015-1120-z},
Key = {fds321499}
}
@article{fds323301,
Author = {Van Rynbach and A and Maunz, P and Kim, J},
Title = {An integrated mirror and surface ion trap with a tunable
trap location},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {109},
Number = {22},
Pages = {221108-221108},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4970542},
Abstract = {We report a demonstration of a surface ion trap fabricated
directly on a highly reflective mirror surface, which
includes a secondary set of radio frequency (RF) electrodes
allowing for translation of the quadrupole RF null location.
We introduce a position-dependent photon scattering rate for
a 174Yb+ ion in the direction perpendicular to the trap
surface using a standing wave of retroreflected light off
the mirror surface directly below the trap. Using this
setup, we demonstrate the capability of fine-tuning the RF
trap location with nanometer scale precision and
characterize the charging effects of the dielectric mirror
surface upon exposure to ultra-violet light.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.4970542},
Key = {fds323301}
}
@article{fds323303,
Author = {Luong, D and Jiang, L and Kim, J and Lütkenhaus,
N},
Title = {Overcoming lossy channel bounds using a single quantum
repeater node},
Journal = {Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics},
Volume = {122},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-016-6373-4},
Abstract = {We propose a scheme for performing quantum key distribution
(QKD) which has the potential to beat schemes based on the
direct transmission of photons between the communicating
parties. In our proposal, the communicating parties exchange
photons with two quantum memories placed between them. This
is a very simple quantum repeater scheme and can be
implemented with currently available technology. Ideally,
its secret key rate scales as the square root of the
transmittivity of the optical channel, which is superior to
QKD schemes based on direct transmission because key rates
for the latter scale at best linearly with transmittivity.
Taking into account various imperfections in each component
of our setup, we present parameter regimes in which our
protocol outperforms protocols based on direct
transmission.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00340-016-6373-4},
Key = {fds323303}
}
@article{fds323304,
Author = {Muralidharan, S and Li, L and Kim, J and Lütkenhaus, N and Lukin, MD and Jiang, L},
Title = {Optimal architectures for long distance quantum
communication.},
Journal = {Scientific reports},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {20463},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep20463},
Abstract = {Despite the tremendous progress of quantum cryptography,
efficient quantum communication over long distances (≥
1000 km) remains an outstanding challenge due to fiber
attenuation and operation errors accumulated over the entire
communication distance. Quantum repeaters (QRs), as a
promising approach, can overcome both photon loss and
operation errors, and hence significantly speedup the
communication rate. Depending on the methods used to correct
loss and operation errors, all the proposed QR schemes can
be classified into three categories (generations). Here we
present the first systematic comparison of three generations
of quantum repeaters by evaluating the cost of both temporal
and physical resources, and identify the optimized quantum
repeater architecture for a given set of experimental
parameters for use in quantum key distribution. Our work
provides a roadmap for the experimental realizations of
highly efficient quantum networks over transcontinental
distances.},
Doi = {10.1038/srep20463},
Key = {fds323304}
}
@article{fds323302,
Author = {Namiki, R and Jiang, L and Kim, J and Lütkenhaus,
N},
Title = {Role of syndrome information on a one-way quantum repeater
using teleportation-based error correction},
Journal = {Physical Review A},
Volume = {94},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.94.052304},
Abstract = {We investigate a quantum repeater scheme for quantum key
distribution based on the work by S. Muralidharan [Phys.
Rev. Lett. 112, 250501 (2014)]PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.112.250501.
Our scheme extends that work by making use of error syndrome
measurement outcomes available at the repeater stations. We
show how to calculate the secret key rates for the case of
optimizing the syndrome information, while the known key
rate is based on a scenario of coarse graining the syndrome
information. We show that these key rates can surpass the
Pirandola-Laurenza-Ottaviani-Banchi bound on secret key
rates of direct transmission over lossy bosonic
channels.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.94.052304},
Key = {fds323302}
}
@article{fds340483,
Author = {Brown, KR and Kim, J and Monroe, C},
Title = {Co-designing a scalable quantum computer with trapped atomic
ions},
Journal = {npj Quantum Information},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npjqi.2016.34},
Abstract = {The first generation of quantum computers are on the
horizon, fabricated from quantum hardware platforms that may
soon be able to tackle certain tasks that cannot be
performed or modelled with conventional computers. These
quantum devices will not likely be universal or fully
programmable, but special-purpose processors whose hardware
will be tightly co-designed with particular target
applications. Trapped atomic ions are a leading platform for
first-generation quantum computers, but they are also
fundamentally scalable to more powerful general purpose
devices in future generations. This is because trapped ion
qubits are atomic clock standards that can be made identical
to a part in 1015, and their quantum circuit connectivity
can be reconfigured through the use of external fields,
without modifying the arrangement or architecture of the
qubits themselves. In this forward-looking overview, we show
how a modular quantum computer with thousands or more qubits
can be engineered from ion crystals, and how the linkage
between ion trap qubits might be tailored to a variety of
applications and quantum-computing protocols.},
Doi = {10.1038/npjqi.2016.34},
Key = {fds340483}
}
@article{fds302230,
Author = {Mount, E and Kabytayev, C and Crain, S and Harper, R and Baek, SY and Vrijsen, G and Flammia, ST and Brown, KR and Maunz, P and Kim,
J},
Title = {Error compensation of single-qubit gates in a
surface-electrode ion trap using composite
pulses},
Volume = {92},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1050-2947},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/11507 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {© 2015 American Physical Society.The fidelity of
laser-driven quantum logic operations on trapped ion qubits
tend to be lower than microwave-driven logic operations due
to the difficulty of stabilizing the driving fields at the
ion location. Through stabilization of the driving optical
fields and use of composite pulse sequences, we demonstrate
high-fidelity single-qubit gates for the hyperfine qubit of
a Yb+171 ion trapped in a microfabricated surface-electrode
ion trap. Gate error is characterized using a randomized
benchmarking protocol and an average error per randomized
Clifford group gate of 3.6(3)×10-4 is measured. We also
report experimental realization of palindromic pulse
sequences that scale efficiently in sequence
length.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.92.060301},
Key = {fds302230}
}
@article{fds302229,
Author = {Ahsan, M and Van Meter and R and Kim, J},
Title = {Designing a million-qubit quantum computer using a resource
performance simulator},
Journal = {ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing
Systems},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1-25},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1550-4832},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/11508 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The optimal design of a fault-Tolerant quantum computer
involves finding an appropriate balance between the burden
of large-scale integration of noisy components and the load
of improving the reliability of hardware technology. This
balance can be evaluated by quantitatively modeling the
execution of quantum logic operations on a realistic quantum
hardware containing limited computational resources. In this
work, we report a complete performance simulation software
tool capable of (1) searching the hardware design space by
varying resource architecture and technology parameters, (2)
synthesizing and scheduling a fault-Tolerant quantum
algorithm within the hardware constraints, (3) quantifying
the performance metrics such as the execution time and the
failure probability of the algorithm, and (4) analyzing the
breakdown of these metrics to highlight the performance
bottlenecks and visualizing resource utilization to evaluate
the adequacy of the chosen design. Using this tool, we
investigate a vast design space for implementing key
building blocks of Shor's algorithm to factor a 1,024-bit
number with a baseline budget of 1.5 million qubits. We show
that a trapped-ion quantum computer designed with twice as
many qubits and one-Tenth of the baseline infidelity of the
communication channel can factor a 2,048-bit integer in less
than 5 months.},
Doi = {10.1145/2830570},
Key = {fds302229}
}
@article{fds264573,
Author = {Kim, J and Hudek, K and Isabella, L and Mount, E and Crain, S and Gaultney,
D and Vrijsen, G and Van Rynbach and A},
Title = {Integrated optical systems approach to ion trap quantum
repeaters},
Journal = {Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics,
IPRSN 2015},
Pages = {371p},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iprsn.2015.is4a.4},
Abstract = {A quantum communication node with high quality quantum
memories and photonic interfaces capable of quantum logic
operations provide a technology platform for realizing
quantum repeaters. We will discuss a viable implementation
in trapped ion systems. © 2015 OSA.},
Doi = {10.1364/iprsn.2015.is4a.4},
Key = {fds264573}
}
@article{fds302228,
Author = {Kim, J},
Title = {Trapped Ions Make Impeccable Qubits},
Journal = {Physics},
Volume = {7},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/11509 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1103/physics.7.119},
Key = {fds302228}
}
@article{fds264572,
Author = {Crain, S and Mount, E and Baek, S and Kim, J},
Title = {Individual addressing of trapped 171Yb+
ion qubits using a microelectromechanical systems-based beam
steering system},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {105},
Number = {18},
Pages = {181115-181115},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0003-6951},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4900754},
Abstract = {The ability to individually manipulate the increasing number
of qubits is one of the many challenges towards scalable
quantum information processing with trapped ions. Using
micro-mirrors fabricated with micro-electromechanical
systems technology, we focus laser beams on individual ions
in a linear chain and steer the focal point in two
dimensions. We demonstrate sequential single qubit gates on
multiple 171Yb+ qubits and characterize the gate performance
using quantum state tomography. Our system features
negligible crosstalk to neighboring ions (<3 × 10-4), and
switching speed comparable to typical single qubit gate
times (<2 μs).},
Doi = {10.1063/1.4900754},
Key = {fds264572}
}
@article{fds264579,
Author = {Muralidharan, S and Kim, J and Lütkenhaus, N and Lukin, MD and Jiang,
L},
Title = {Ultrafast and fault-tolerant quantum communication across
long distances.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {112},
Number = {25},
Pages = {250501},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.112.250501},
Abstract = {Quantum repeaters (QRs) provide a way of enabling long
distance quantum communication by establishing entangled
qubits between remote locations. In this Letter, we
investigate a new approach to QRs in which quantum
information can be faithfully transmitted via a noisy
channel without the use of long distance teleportation, thus
eliminating the need to establish remote entangled links.
Our approach makes use of small encoding blocks to
fault-tolerantly correct both operational and photon loss
errors. We describe a way to optimize the resource
requirement for these QRs with the aim of the generation of
a secure key. Numerical calculations indicate that the
number of quantum memory bits at each repeater station
required for the generation of one secure key has favorable
polylogarithmic scaling with the distance across which the
communication is desired.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.112.250501},
Key = {fds264579}
}
@article{fds264576,
Author = {Marks, DL and Llull, PR and Phillips, Z and Anderson, JG and Feller, SD and Vera, EM and Son, HS and Youn, S-H and Kim, J and Gehm, ME and Brady, DJ and Nichols, JM and Judd, KP and Duncan, MD and Waterman, JR and Stack, RA and Johnson, A and Tennill, R and Olson, CC},
Title = {Characterization of the AWARE 10 two-gigapixel
wide-field-of-view visible imager.},
Journal = {Applied optics},
Volume = {53},
Number = {13},
Pages = {C54-C63},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-6935},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.53.000c54},
Abstract = {System requirements for many military electro-optic and IR
camera systems reflect the need for both wide-field-of-view
situational awareness as well as high-resolution imaging for
target identification. In this work we present a new imaging
system architecture designed to perform both functions
simultaneously and the AWARE 10 camera as an example at
visible wavelengths. We first describe the basic system
architecture and user interface followed by a laboratory
characterization of the system optical performance. We then
describe a field experiment in which the camera was used to
identify several maritime targets at varying range. The
experimental results indicate that users of the system are
able to correctly identify ~10 m targets at between 4 and 6
km with 70% accuracy.},
Doi = {10.1364/ao.53.000c54},
Key = {fds264576}
}
@article{fds264592,
Author = {Cho, J and Salleh, N and Blanco, C and Yang, S and Lee, C-J and Kim, Y-W and Kim, J and Liu, J},
Title = {Novel synthetic methodology for controlling the orientation
of zinc oxide nanowires grown on silicon oxide
substrates.},
Journal = {Nanoscale},
Volume = {6},
Number = {7},
Pages = {3861-3867},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {2040-3364},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nr03694d},
Abstract = {This study presents a simple method to reproducibly obtain
well-aligned vertical ZnO nanowire arrays on silicon oxide
(SiOx) substrates using seed crystals made from a mixture of
ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) and zinc acetate (Zn(O2CCH3)2)
solution. In comparison, high levels of OH(-) concentration
obtained using NaOH or KOH solutions lead to incorporation
of Na or K atoms into the seed crystals, destroying the
c-axis alignment of the seeds and resulting in the growth of
misaligned nanowires. The use of NH4OH eliminates the
metallic impurities and ensures aligned nanowire growth in a
wide range of OH(-) concentrations in the seed solution. The
difference of crystalline orientations between NH4OH- and
NaOH-based seeds is directly observed by lattice-resolved
images and electron diffraction patterns using a
transmission electron microscope (TEM). This study obviously
suggests that metallic impurities incorporated into the ZnO
nanocrystal seeds are one of the factors that generates the
misaligned ZnO nanowires. This method also enables the use
of silicon oxide substrates for the growth of vertically
aligned nanowires, making ZnO nanostructures compatible with
widely used silicon fabrication technology.},
Doi = {10.1039/c3nr03694d},
Key = {fds264592}
}
@article{fds264594,
Author = {Monroe, C and Raussendorf, R and Ruthven, A and Brown, KR and Maunz, P and Duan, LM and Kim, J},
Title = {Large-scale modular quantum-computer architecture with
atomic memory and photonic interconnects},
Journal = {Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical
Physics},
Volume = {89},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1050-2947},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.89.022317},
Abstract = {The practical construction of scalable quantum-computer
hardware capable of executing nontrivial quantum algorithms
will require the juxtaposition of different types of quantum
systems. We analyze a modular ion trap quantum-computer
architecture with a hierarchy of interactions that can scale
to very large numbers of qubits. Local entangling quantum
gates between qubit memories within a single register are
accomplished using natural interactions between the qubits,
and entanglement between separate registers is completed via
a probabilistic photonic interface between qubits in
different registers, even over large distances. We show that
this architecture can be made fault tolerant, and
demonstrate its viability for fault-tolerant execution of
modest size quantum circuits. © 2014 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.89.022317},
Key = {fds264594}
}
@article{fds264598,
Author = {Youn, SH and Son, HS and Marks, DL and Shaw, JM and McLaughlin, PO and Feller, SD and Brady, DJ and Kim, J},
Title = {Optical performance test and validation of microcameras in
multiscale, gigapixel imagers.},
Journal = {Optics express},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {3712-3723},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.003712},
Abstract = {Wide field-of-view gigapixel imaging systems capable of
diffraction-limited resolution and video-rate acquisition
have a broad range of applications, including sports event
broadcasting, security surveillance, astronomical
observation, and bioimaging. The complexity of the system
integration of such devices demands precision optical
components that are fully characterized and qualified before
being integrated into the final system. In this work, we
present component and assembly level characterizations of
microcameras in our first gigapixel camera, the AWARE-2.
Based on the results of these measurements, we revised the
optical design and assembly procedures to construct the
second generation system, the AWARE-2 Retrofit, which shows
significant improvement in image quality.},
Doi = {10.1364/oe.22.003712},
Key = {fds264598}
}
@article{fds264577,
Author = {Hudek, KM and Vrijsen, G and Isabella, L and Gaultney, D and Lütkenhaus, N and Jiang, L and Kim, J},
Title = {Trapped ion implementation of memory-assisted extended
quantum key distribution},
Journal = {Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe - Technical
Digest},
Volume = {2014-January},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {We discuss a practical scheme to implement memory-assisted
measurementdevice- independent quantum key distribution
protocol using trapped ion systems with the potential to
extend the range of conventional QKD by a factor of
2.},
Key = {fds264577}
}
@article{fds264578,
Author = {Vrijsen, G and Gaultney, D and Hudek, KM and Isabella, L and Kim,
J},
Title = {Measuring the photonic frequency qubit generated by an
171Yb+ ion in a surface
trap},
Journal = {Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe - Technical
Digest},
Volume = {2014-January},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {We propose a novel qubit state measurement method for
photonic frequency qubits using a Mach-Zehnder
interferometer with unequal path lengths. A practical
implementation for photons generated by 171Yb+ ions in a
surface trap is described.},
Key = {fds264578}
}
@article{fds264589,
Author = {Kim, J and Mount, E and Baek, SY and Crain, S and Gaultney, D and Noek, R and Vrijsen, G and van Rynbach, A and Ahn, BH and Hudek, K and Isabella, L and Maunz, P},
Title = {Scalable quantum information processing with trapped
ions},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {We present a scalable approach to quantum information
processing utilizing trapped ions and photons. Ions trapped
in microfabricated surface traps provide a practical
platform for realizing quantum networks of distributed
computing nodes and quantum repeaters. © OSA
2014.},
Key = {fds264589}
}
@article{fds319195,
Author = {Vrijsen, G and Gaultney, D and Hudek M. and KM and Isabella, L and Kim,
J},
Title = {Measuring the photonic frequency qubit generated by an
171yb+ ion in a surface
trap},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Volume = {2014-January},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We propose a novel qubit state measurement method for
photonic frequency qubits using a Mach-Zehnder
interferometer with unequal path lengths. A practical
implementation for photons generated by 171Yb+ ions in a
surface trap is described. © 2014 Optical Society of
America.},
Key = {fds319195}
}
@article{fds319196,
Author = {Hudek M. and KM and Vrijsen, G and Isabella, L and Gaultney, D and Lütkenhaus, N and Jiang, L and Kim, J},
Title = {Trapped ion implementation of memory-assisted extended
quantum key distribution},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Volume = {2014-January},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We discuss a practical scheme to implement memory-assisted
measurementdevice- independent quantum key distribution
protocol using trapped ion systems with the potential to
extend the range of conventional QKD by a factor of 2. ©
2014 OSA.},
Key = {fds319196}
}
@article{fds264571,
Author = {Jiang, L and Muralidharan, S and Kim, J and Lutkenhaus, N and Lukin,
M},
Title = {Ultrafast and fault-tolerant quantum communication over long
distance},
Journal = {Frontiers in Optics, FiO 2014},
Year = {2014},
Abstract = {© OSA 2014.We investigate quantum repeaters using small
encoding blocks to correct both operational and photon loss
errors, which can send quantum information over long
distances at a rate only limited by local gate
speed.},
Key = {fds264571}
}
@article{fds264575,
Author = {Kim, J and Crain, S and Mount, E and Baek, S},
Title = {Individual addressing of trapped 171Yb+ ion qubits using a
microelectromechanical systems-based beam steering
system},
Journal = {Appl. Phys. Lett.},
Volume = {105},
Number = {181115},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds264575}
}
@article{fds264588,
Author = {Baek, SY and Mount, E and Maunz, P and Crain, S and Gaultney, D and Noek,
R and Kim, J},
Title = {Long-lived ion qubits in a microfabricated trap for scalable
quantum computation},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {We report state detection, single qubit coherent operations
and Raman sideband cooling to near the motional ground state
by trapping a single 171Yb+ ion in a surface trap designed
and fabricated at Sandia National Laboratories. © 2013
Optical Society of America.},
Key = {fds264588}
}
@article{fds264603,
Author = {Son, HS and Marks, DL and Hahn, J and Kim, J and Brady,
DJ},
Title = {Design of a spherical focal surface using close-packed relay
optics: erratum.},
Journal = {Optics express},
Volume = {21},
Number = {22},
Pages = {27284-27285},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1094-4087},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000327007800186&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {A coding error was found in calculating the optimal packing
distribution of our geodesic array. The error was corrected
and the new optimization results in slightly improved
packing density. The overall approach and algorithm remain
unchanged.},
Doi = {10.1364/oe.21.027284},
Key = {fds264603}
}
@article{fds264604,
Author = {Noek, R and Vrijsen, G and Gaultney, D and Mount, E and Kim, T and Maunz,
P and Kim, J},
Title = {High speed, high fidelity detection of an atomic hyperfine
qubit.},
Journal = {Optics letters},
Volume = {38},
Number = {22},
Pages = {4735-4738},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0146-9592},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.38.004735},
Abstract = {Fast and efficient detection of the qubit state in trapped
ion systems is critical for implementing quantum error
correction and performing fundamental tests such as a
loophole-free Bell test. In this work we present a simple
qubit state detection protocol for a (171)Yb+ hyperfine
atomic qubit trapped in a microfabricated surface trap,
enabled by high collection efficiency of the scattered
photons and low background photon count rate. We demonstrate
average detection times of 10.5, 28.1, and 99.8 μs,
corresponding to state detection fidelities of 99%,
99.856(8)%, and 99.915(7)%, respectively.},
Doi = {10.1364/ol.38.004735},
Key = {fds264604}
}
@article{fds264612,
Author = {Kittle, DS and Marks, DL and Son, HS and Kim, J and Brady,
DJ},
Title = {A testbed for wide-field, high-resolution, gigapixel-class
cameras.},
Journal = {Rev Sci Instrum},
Volume = {84},
Number = {5},
Pages = {053107},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23742532},
Abstract = {The high resolution and wide field of view (FOV) of the
AWARE (Advanced Wide FOV Architectures for Image
Reconstruction and Exploitation) gigapixel class cameras
present new challenges in calibration, mechanical testing,
and optical performance evaluation. The AWARE system
integrates an array of micro-cameras in a multiscale design
to achieve gigapixel sampling at video rates. Alignment and
optical testing of the micro-cameras is vital in compositing
engines, which require pixel-level accurate mappings over
the entire array of cameras. A testbed has been developed to
automatically calibrate and measure the optical performance
of the entire camera array. This testbed utilizes
translation and rotation stages to project a ray into any
micro-camera of the AWARE system. A spatial light modulator
is projected through a telescope to form an arbitrary object
space pattern at infinity. This collimated source is then
reflected by an elevation stage mirror for pointing through
the aperture of the objective into the micro-optics and
eventually the detector of the micro-camera. Different
targets can be projected with the spatial light modulator
for measuring the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the
system, fiducials in the overlap regions for registration
and compositing, distortion mapping, illumination profiles,
thermal stability, and focus calibration. The mathematics of
the testbed mechanics are derived for finding the positions
of the stages to achieve a particular incident angle into
the camera, along with calibration steps for alignment of
the camera and testbed coordinate axes. Measurement results
for the AWARE-2 gigapixel camera are presented for MTF,
focus calibration, illumination profile, fiducial mapping
across the micro-camera for registration and distortion
correction, thermal stability, and alignment of the camera
on the testbed.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.4804199},
Key = {fds264612}
}
@article{fds264615,
Author = {Son, HS and Johnson, A and Stack, RA and Shaw, JM and McLaughlin, P and Marks, DL and Brady, DJ and Kim, J},
Title = {Optomechanical design of multiscale gigapixel digital
camera.},
Journal = {Applied optics},
Volume = {52},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1541-1549},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23478755},
Abstract = {Recent developments in multiscale imaging systems have
opened up the possibility for commercially viable wide-field
gigapixel cameras. While multiscale design principles allow
tremendous simplification of the optical design, they place
increased emphasis on optomechanics and system level
integration of the camera as a whole. In this paper we
present the optomechanical design of a prototype
two-gigapixel system (AWARE-2) that has been constructed and
tested.},
Doi = {10.1364/ao.52.001541},
Key = {fds264615}
}
@article{fds264600,
Author = {Ahsan, M and Choi, BS and Kim, J},
Title = {Performance simulator based on hardware resources
constraints for ion trap quantum computer},
Journal = {2013 IEEE 31st International Conference on Computer Design,
ICCD 2013},
Pages = {411-418},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.2013.6657073},
Abstract = {Efforts to build quantum computers using ion-traps have
demonstrated all elementary qubit operations necessary for
scalable implementation. Modular architectures have been
proposed to construct modest size quantum computers with up
to 104 - 106 qubits using technologies that are available
today (MUSIQC architecture). Concrete scheduling procedure
to execute a given quantum algorithm on such a hardware is a
significant task, but existing quantum CAD tools generally
do not account for the underlying connectivity of the qubits
or the limitation on the hardware resources available for
the scheduling. We present a scheduler and performance
simulator that fully accounts for these resource
constraints, capable of estimating the execution time and
error performances of executing a quantum circuit on the
hardware. We outline the construction of tool components,
and describe the process of mapping the qubits to ions and
scheduling the physical gates in the MUSIQC architecture.
Using this tool, we quantify the trade-off between hardware
resource constraints and performance of the computer and
show that at an expense of x fold increase in latency, a
minimum of 1.6x resource reduction is possible for executing
a three-qubit Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm encoded using
Steane code. © 2013 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/ICCD.2013.6657073},
Key = {fds264600}
}
@article{fds264601,
Author = {Kim, J and Clark, R and Gauthier, D},
Title = {Low-noise frequency downconversion for long-distance
distribution of entangled atomic qubits},
Journal = {2013 IEEE Photonics Society Summer Topical Meeting Series,
PSSTMS 2013},
Pages = {183-184},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PHOSST.2013.6614563},
Abstract = {Distribution of quantum resources such as entanglement over
distances beyond a few fiber attenuation lengths requires
realization of quantum repeaters that utilize entanglement
swapping to extend the distance between the entangled qubit
pairs [1]. A quantum repeater is a small quantum computer
capable of generating entangled qubit pairs with its
neighboring repeaters and storing them in stable quantum
memories. Once the entangled pairs are generated, it will
perform Bell basis measurements, classical communication
with appropriate repeaters, and single qubit gates necessary
for entanglement swapping. For high fidelity operation, it
might perform local operations and classical communications
(LOCC) such as entanglement distillation [2] and/or quantum
error correction [3,4]. Generation of remote entangled ion
pairs mediated by photonic qubits has been demonstrated [5]
but their reach is limited since the photons used in the
experiment are in the UV part of the spectrum. Coherent
conversion of the photons emitted by Yb ion at 369.5nm to a
photon at 1310 nm would enable entanglement generation over
long distances [6]. © 2013 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/PHOSST.2013.6614563},
Key = {fds264601}
}
@article{fds264602,
Author = {Kim, J and McKay, KS and Kwiat, PG and Zielnicki, K and Gansen,
EJ},
Title = {Novel Semiconductor Single-Photon Detectors},
Journal = {Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {147-183},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1079-4042},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387695-9.00005-6},
Abstract = {In this Chapter, we summarize the current status and future
prospects of a number of novel semiconductor-based
single-photon detectors, including visible-light photon
counters (VLPCs), solid-state photo-multipliers (SSPMs), and
quantum-dot-based detectors. SSPMs and VLPCs utilize the
gain produced by impact ionization of the impurity band to
detect single photons over a wide wavelength range between
0.4 and 28. μm. Quantum-dot-based single-photon detectors
use photoconductive gain associated with photogenerated
carriers trapped in quantum dots. We cover the basic
operating principles of these devices, describe experimental
results that demonstrate their unique attributes, present
mathematical models that quantify their performance, and
discuss the future of these novel detector technologies. ©
2013 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-387695-9.00005-6},
Key = {fds264602}
}
@article{fds264606,
Author = {Son, HS and Marks, DL and Brady, DJ and Kim, J},
Title = {Oversampled triangulation of AWARE-10 monocentric ball lens
using an auto-stigmatic microscope},
Journal = {Optics Express},
Volume = {21},
Number = {19},
Pages = {22206-22214},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1094-4087},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.022206},
Abstract = {In our development of multiscale, gigapixel camera
architectures, there is a need for an accurate
three-dimensional position alignment of large monocentric
lenses relative to hemispherical dome structures. In this
work we describe a method for estimating the position of the
objective lens in our AWARE-10 four-gigapixel camera using
the retro-reflected signal of a custom-designed
auto-stigmatic microscope. We show that although the
physical constraints of the system limit the numerical
aperture of the microscope probe beam to around 0.016, which
results in poor sensitivity in the axial direction, the
lateral sensitivity is more than sufficient to verify that
the position of the objective is within optical tolerances.
© 2013 Optical Society of America.},
Doi = {10.1364/OE.21.022206},
Key = {fds264606}
}
@article{fds264607,
Author = {Noek, R and Kim, T and Mount, E and Baek, S-Y and Maunz, P and Kim,
J},
Title = {Trapping and cooling of 174Yb+ ions in
a microfabricated surface trap},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY},
Volume = {63},
Number = {4},
Pages = {907-913},
Publisher = {Korean Physical Society},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0374-4884},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000324127200009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.3938/jkps.63.907},
Key = {fds264607}
}
@article{fds264608,
Author = {Mount, E and Baek, S-Y and Blain, M and Stick, D and Gaultney, D and Crain,
S and Noek, R and Kim, T and Maunz, P and Kim, J},
Title = {Single qubit manipulation in a microfabricated surface
electrode ion trap},
Journal = {NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS},
Volume = {15},
Number = {9},
Pages = {093018-093018},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1367-2630},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000324292600002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1088/1367-2630/15/9/093018},
Key = {fds264608}
}
@article{fds264610,
Author = {Youn, SH and Marks, DL and McLaughlin, PO and Brady, DJ and Kim,
J},
Title = {Efficient testing methodologies for microcameras in a
gigapixel imaging system},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {8788},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2020739},
Abstract = {Multiscale parallel imaging - based on a monocentric optical
design - promises revolutionary advances in diverse imaging
applications by enabling high resolution, real-time image
capture over a wide field-of-view (FOV), including sport
broadcast, wide-field microscopy, astronomy, and security
surveillance. Recently demonstrated AWARE-2 is a gigapixel
camera consisting of an objective lens and 98 microcameras
spherically arranged to capture an image over FOV of 120 by
50, using computational image processing to form a composite
image of 0.96 gigapixels. Since microcameras are capable of
individually adjusting exposure, gain, and focus, true
parallel imaging is achieved with a high dynamic range. From
the integration perspective, manufacturing and verifying
consistent quality of microcameras is a key to successful
realization of AWARE cameras. We have developed an efficient
testing methodology that utilizes a precisely fabricated dot
grid chart as a calibration target to extract critical
optical properties such as optical distortion, veiling glare
index, and modulation transfer function to validate imaging
performance of microcameras. This approach utilizes an AWARE
objective lens simulator which mimics the actual objective
lens but operates with a short object distance, suitable for
a laboratory environment. Here we describe the principles of
the methodologies developed for AWARE microcameras and
discuss the experimental results with our prototype
microcameras. Reference Brady, D. J., Gehm, M. E., Stack, R.
A., Marks, D. L., Kittle, D. S., Golish, D. R., Vera, E. M.,
and Feller, S. D., "Multiscale gigapixel photography,"
Nature 486, 386 - 389 (2012). © 2013 SPIE.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.2020739},
Key = {fds264610}
}
@article{fds264611,
Author = {Marks, DL and Youn, SH and Son, HS and Kim, J and Brady,
DJ},
Title = {Wide-field microscopy using microcamera arrays},
Journal = {Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of
SPIE},
Volume = {8589},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1605-7422},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2002860},
Abstract = {A microcamera is a relay lens paired with image sensors.
Microcameras are grouped into arrays to relay overlapping
views of a single large surface to the sensors to form a
continuous synthetic image. The imaged surface may be curved
or irregular as each camera may independently be dynamically
focused to a different depth. Microcamera arrays are akin to
microprocessors in supercomputers in that both join
individual processors by an optoelectronic routing fabric to
increase capacity and performance. A microcamera may image
ten or more megapixels and grouped into an array of several
hundred, as has already been demonstrated by the DARPA AWARE
Wide-Field program with multiscale gigapixel photography. We
adapt gigapixel microcamera array architectures to
wide-field microscopy of irregularly shaped surfaces to
greatly increase area imaging over 1000 square millimeters
at resolutions of 3 microns or better in a single snapshot.
The system includes a novel relay design, a sensor
electronics package, and a FPGA-based networking fabric.
Biomedical applications of this include screening for skin
lesions, wide-field and resolution-agile microsurgical
imaging, and microscopic cytometry of millions of cells
performed in situ. © 2013 Copyright SPIE.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.2002860},
Key = {fds264611}
}
@article{fds264613,
Author = {Zhu, Y and Kim, J and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Aberration-corrected quantum temporal imaging
system},
Journal = {PHYSICAL REVIEW A},
Volume = {87},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1050-2947},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000317193600009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.87.043808},
Key = {fds264613}
}
@article{fds264614,
Author = {Monroe, C and Kim, J},
Title = {Scaling the Ion Trap Quantum Processor},
Journal = {SCIENCE},
Volume = {339},
Number = {6124},
Pages = {1164-1169},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000315709900037&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Trapped atomic ions are standards for quantum information
processing, serving as quantum memories, hosts of quantum
gates in quantum computers and simulators, and nodes of
quantum communication networks. Quantum bits based on
trapped ions enjoy a rare combination of attributes: They
have exquisite coherence properties, they can be prepared
and measured with nearly 100% efficiency, and they are
readily entangled with each other through the Coulomb
interaction or remote photonic interconnects. The
outstanding challenge is the scaling of trapped ions to
hundreds or thousands of qubits and beyond, at which scale
quantum processors can outperform their classical
counterparts in certain applications. We review the latest
progress and prospects in that effort, with the promise of
advanced architectures and new technologies, such as
microfabricated ion traps and integrated
photonics.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1231298},
Key = {fds264614}
}
@article{fds264596,
Author = {Noek, R and Mount, E and Baek, SY and Crain, S and Gaultney, D and Rynbach,
AV and Kim, T and Maunz, P and Kim, J},
Title = {An ion trap photonic interface for efficient remote
entanglement},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Efficient entanglement of remote quantum memories is a key
resource for distributed quantum information processing. We
present a surface ion trap designed for efficient coupling
of a single ion to the mode of a cavity. © OSA
2012.},
Key = {fds264596}
}
@article{fds264597,
Author = {Marks, DL and Son, HS and McLaughlin, PO and Feller, SD and Kim, J and Brady, DJ},
Title = {A common scalable microcamera design for 2, 10, and 40
gigapixel class multiscale cameras},
Journal = {Frontiers in Optics, FIO 2012},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Gigapixel camera economics favors reutilization of design
components including optics, optomechanics, and electronics.
We show microcamera designs for multiscale architectures
that only change optical surface profiles that span orders
of magnitude of gigapixels. © OSA 2012.},
Key = {fds264597}
}
@article{fds264654,
Author = {McKay, K and Wolter, S and Kim, J},
Title = {A ultra-high-vacuum wafer-fusion-bonding
system.},
Journal = {Rev Sci Instrum},
Volume = {83},
Number = {5},
Pages = {055108},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22667658},
Abstract = {The design of heterojunction devices is typically limited by
material integration constraints and the energy band
alignment. Wafer bonding can be used to integrate material
pairs that cannot be epitaxially grown together due to large
lattice mismatch. Control of the energy band alignment can
be provided by formation of interface dipoles through
control of the surface chemistry. We have developed an
ultra-high-vacuum system for wafer-fusion-bonding
semiconductors with in situ control and measurement of
surface properties relevant to interface dipoles. A
wafer-fusion-bonding chamber with annealing capabilities was
integrated into an ultra-high-vacuum system with a
sputtering chamber and an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
system for preparing and measuring the surface chemistry of
wafers prior to bonding. The design of the system along with
initial results for the fusion-bonded InGaAs/Si
heterojunction is presented.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.4718357},
Key = {fds264654}
}
@article{fds264653,
Author = {Knoernschild, C and Kim, T and Maunz, P and Crain, SG and Kim,
J},
Title = {Stable optical phase modulation with micromirrors.},
Journal = {Opt Express},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {3261-3267},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22330564},
Abstract = {We measure the motional fluctuations of a micromechanical
mirror using a Michelson interferometer, and demonstrate its
interferometric stability. The position stability of the
micromirror is dominated by the thermal mechanical noise of
the structure. With this level of stability, we utilize the
micromirror to realize an optical phase modulator by simply
reflecting light off the mirror and modulating its position.
The resonant frequency of the modulator can be tuned by
applying a voltage between the mirror and an underlying
electrode. Full modulation depth of ±π is achieved when
the mirror resonantly excited with a sinusoidal voltage at
an amplitude of 11 V.},
Doi = {10.1364/OE.20.003261},
Key = {fds264653}
}
@article{fds264609,
Author = {Marks, DL and Son, HS and Kim, J and Brady, DJ},
Title = {Engineering a gigapixel monocentric multiscale
camera},
Journal = {OPTICAL ENGINEERING},
Volume = {51},
Number = {8},
Pages = {083202-1},
Publisher = {SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0091-3286},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000309913000023&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1117/1.OE.51.8.083202},
Key = {fds264609}
}
@article{fds264616,
Author = {Jones, NC and Van Meter and R and Fowler, AG and McMahon, PL and Kim, J and Ladd, TD and Yamamoto, Y},
Title = {Layered Architecture for Quantum Computing},
Journal = {PHYSICAL REVIEW X},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {2160-3308},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000310514300003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We develop a layered quantum-computer architecture, which is
a systematic framework for tackling the individual
challenges of developing a quantum computer while
constructing a cohesive device design. We discuss many of
the prominent techniques for implementing circuit-model
quantum computing and introduce several new methods, with an
emphasis on employing surface-code quantum error correction.
In doing so, we propose a new quantum-computer architecture
based on optical control of quantum dots. The time scales of
physical-hardware operations and logical, error-corrected
quantum gates differ by several orders of magnitude. By
dividing functionality into layers, we can design and
analyze subsystems independently, demonstrating the value of
our layered architectural approach. Using this concrete
hardware platform, we provide resource analysis for
executing fault-tolerant quantum algorithms for integer
factoring and quantum simulation, finding that the
quantum-dot architecture we study could solve such problems
on the time scale of days.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevX.2.031007},
Key = {fds264616}
}
@article{fds264651,
Author = {Scherer, DR and Hensley, JM and Parameswaran, KR and Bamford, DJ and Mount, E and Crain, S and Kim, J},
Title = {UV laser beam switching system for Yb trapped ion quantum
information processing},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {8272},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.906780},
Abstract = {Qubits based on trapped ions are being investigated as a
promising platform for scalable quantum information
processing. One challenge associated with the scalability of
such a multi-qubit trapped ion system is the need for an
ultraviolet (UV) laser beam switching and control system to
independently modulate and address large qubit arrays. In
this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel
architecture for a laser beam control system for trapped ion
quantum computing based on fast electro-optic amplitude
switching and high-fidelity electromechanical beam
shuttering using a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)
deflector coupled into a single-mode optical fiber. We
achieve a rise/fall time of 5 ns, power extinction of -31
dB, and pulse width repeatability of > 99.95% using an
electrooptic switch based on a β-BaB 2O 4 (BBO) Pockels
cell. A tilting MEMS mirror fabricated using a commercial
foundry was used to steer UV light into a single-mode
optical fiber, resulting in an electromechanical beam
shutter that demonstrated a power extinction of -52 dB and a
switching time of 2 μs. The combination of these two
technologies allows for high-fidelity power extinction using
a platform that does not suffer from temperature-induced
beam steering due to changes in modulation duty cycle. The
overall system is capable of UV laser beam switching to
create the resolved sideband Raman cooling pulses, algorithm
pulses, and read-out pulses required for quantum computing
applications. © 2012 SPIE.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.906780},
Key = {fds264651}
}
@article{fds264652,
Author = {Cho, J and Lin, Q and Yang, S and Jr, JGS and Cheng, Y and Lin, E and Yang, J and Foreman, JV and Everitt, HO and Yang, W and Kim, J and Liu,
J},
Title = {Sulfur-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) Nanostars: Synthesis and
simulation of growth mechanism},
Journal = {Nano Research},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {20-26},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {1998-0124},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-011-0180-3},
Abstract = {We present a bottom-up synthesis, spectroscopic
characterization, and ab initio simulations of star-shaped
hexagonal zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires. The ZnO nanostructures
were synthesized by a low-temperature hydrothermal growth
method. The cross-section of the ZnO nanowires transformed
from a hexagon to a hexagram when sulfur dopants from
thiourea [SC(NH 2) 2] were added into the growth solution,
but no transformation occurred when urea (OC(NH 2) 2) was
added. Comparison of the X-ray photoemission and
photoluminescence spectra of undoped and sulfur-doped ZnO
confirmed that sulfur is responsible for the novel
morphology. Large-scale theoretical calculations were
conducted to understand the role of sulfur doping in the
growth process. The ab initio simulations demonstrated that
the addition of sulfur causes a local change in charge
distribution that is stronger at the vertices than at the
edges, leading to the observed transformation from hexagon
to hexagram nanostructures. © 2012 Tsinghua University
Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12274-011-0180-3},
Key = {fds264652}
}
@article{fds264658,
Author = {McKay, KS and Lu, FP and Kim, J and Yi, C and Brown, AS and Hawkins,
AR},
Title = {Erratum: Band discontinuity measurements of the wafer bonded
InGaAs/Si heterojunction (Applied Physics Letters (2007) 90
(222111))},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {100},
Number = {12},
Pages = {129901-129901},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0003-6951},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3696305},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3696305},
Key = {fds264658}
}
@article{fds264667,
Author = {Noek, R and Mount, E and Baek, SY and Crain, S and Gaultney, D and Rynbach,
AV and Kim, T and Maunz, P and Kim, J},
Title = {An ion trap photonic interface for efficient remote
entanglement},
Journal = {2012 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO
2012},
Year = {2012},
Abstract = {Efficient entanglement of remote quantum memories is a key
resource for distributed quantum information processing. We
present a surface ion trap designed for efficient coupling
of a single ion to the mode of a cavity. © 2012
OSA.},
Key = {fds264667}
}
@article{fds264669,
Author = {Korenblit, S and Kafri, D and Campbell, WC and Islam, R and Edwards, EE and Gong, ZX and Lin, GD and Duan, LM and Kim, J and Kim, K and Monroe,
C},
Title = {Quantum simulation of spin models on an arbitrary lattice
with trapped ions},
Journal = {New Journal of Physics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {9},
Pages = {095024-095024},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {1367-2630},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/14/9/095024},
Abstract = {A collection of trapped atomic ions represents one of the
most attractive platforms for the quantum simulation of
interacting spin networks and quantum magnetism.
Spin-dependent optical dipole forces applied to an ion
crystal create long-range effective spin-spin interactions
and allow the simulation of spin Hamiltonians that possess
nontrivial phases and dynamics. Here we show how the
appropriate design of laser fields can provide for arbitrary
multidimensional spin-spin interaction graphs even for the
case of a linear spatial array of ions. This scheme uses
currently available trap technology and is scalable to
levels where the classical methods of simulation are
intractable. © IOP Publishing Ltd and Deutsche
Physikalische Gesellschaft.},
Doi = {10.1088/1367-2630/14/9/095024},
Key = {fds264669}
}
@article{fds264595,
Author = {Son, HS and Marks, DL and Tremblay, E and Ford, JE and Hahn, J and Stack,
RA and Johnson, A and McLaughlin, P and Shaw, JM and Kim, J and Brady,
DJ},
Title = {A multiscale, wide field, gigapixel camera},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Recent investigations into high pixel count imaging using
multiscale optics have led to a novel optical design for a
wide field, gigapixel camera. We review the mechanical
design and optical performance of this imager. © 2011
OSA.},
Key = {fds264595}
}
@article{fds264599,
Author = {Marks, DL and Son, HS and Tremblay, EJ and Ford, JE and McLaughlin, PO and Gehm, ME and Stack, RA and Feller, SD and Kim, J and Brady,
DJ},
Title = {Optical testing of the AWARE wide field 2-gigapixel
multiscale camera},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Testing a 2-Gigapixel 8 arcsec IFOV, 120° FOV camera
requires integration of precision mechanical automation,
optical instrumentation, image diagnostics, electronics and
networking hardware. We detail the ongoing AWARE Wide Field
Camera efforts. © 2011 OSA.},
Key = {fds264599}
}
@article{fds264664,
Author = {Son, HS and Marks, DL and Hahn, J and Kim, J and Brady,
DJ},
Title = {Design of a spherical focal surface using close-packed relay
optics.},
Journal = {Opt Express},
Volume = {19},
Number = {17},
Pages = {16132-16138},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21934976},
Abstract = {This paper presents a design strategy for close-packing
circular finite-conjugate optics to create a spherical focal
surface. Efficient packing of circles on a sphere is
commonly referred to as the Tammes problem and various
methods for packing optimization have been investigated,
such as iterative point-repulsion simulations. The method
for generating the circle distributions proposed here is
based on a distorted icosahedral geodesic. This has the
advantages of high degrees of symmetry, minimized variations
in circle separations, and computationally inexpensive
generation of configurations with N circles, where N is the
number of vertices on the geodesic. These properties are
especially beneficial for making a continuous focal surface
and results show that circle packing densities near
steady-state maximum values found with other methods can be
achieved.},
Doi = {10.1364/OE.19.016132},
Key = {fds264664}
}
@article{fds264591,
Author = {Son, HS and Marks, DL and Tremblay, E and Ford, JE and Hahn, J and Stack,
RA and Johnson, A and McLaughlin, P and Shaw, JM and Kim, J and Brady,
DJ},
Title = {A multiscale, wide field, gigapixel camera},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Publisher = {Optical Society of America},
Year = {2011},
Abstract = {Recent investigations into high pixel count imaging using
multiscale optics have led to a novel optical design for a
wide field, gigapixel camera. We review the mechanical
design and optical performance of this imager. © 2011
OSA.},
Key = {fds264591}
}
@article{fds264593,
Author = {Son, HS and Marks, DL and Tremblay, E and Ford, JE and Hahn, J and Stack,
RA and Johnson, A and McLaughlin, P and Shaw, JM and Kim, J and Brady,
DJ},
Title = {A multiscale, wide field, gigapixel camera},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Key = {fds264593}
}
@article{fds264646,
Author = {Kim, J and McKay, KS and Stapelbroek, MG and Hogue,
HH},
Title = {Opportunities for single photon detection using visible
light photon counters},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {8033},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.887130},
Abstract = {Visible light photon counters (VLPCs) are solid-state
devices providing high quantum efficiency (QE) photon
detection (>88%) with photon number resolving capability
and low timing jitter (∼250 ps). VLPC features high QE in
the 0.4-1.0μm wavelength range, as the main photon
absorption mechanism is provided by electron-hole pair
generation across the silicon bandgap. In this paper, we
will discuss the optical and electrical operating principles
of VLPCs, and propose a range of device optimization paths
that improves various aspects of VLPC for advanced quantum
optics and quantum information processing experiments, both
in the UV and the telecom wavelength range. © 2011
SPIE.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.887130},
Key = {fds264646}
}
@article{fds264647,
Author = {Maunz, P and Kim, T and Knoernschild, C and Noek, R and Mount, E and Kim,
J},
Title = {Scaling quantum information processing using distributed
remote entanglement},
Journal = {2011 IEEE Photonics Society Summer Topical Meeting
Series},
Pages = {29-30},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PHOSST.2011.6000028},
Abstract = {Entanglement of remote quantum memories provides an
alternative way to scale quantum information processing. We
present progress toward improved remote entanglement
generation, useful for distributed quantum computing. ©
2011 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/PHOSST.2011.6000028},
Key = {fds264647}
}
@article{fds264648,
Author = {Clark, R and Kim, T and Kim, J},
Title = {Double-stage frequency down-conversion system for
distribution of ion-photon entanglement over long
distances},
Journal = {2011 IEEE Photonics Society Summer Topical Meeting
Series},
Pages = {45-46},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PHOSST.2011.6000036},
Abstract = {Generating entangled states of quantum memories over a long
distance is an essential component for scalable quantum
communication and its application such as quantum key
distribution. Generation of entangled ion pairs mediated by
photonic qubits has been demonstrated with trapped ytterbium
(Yb) ions [1] and is a promising approach. However the
wavelength of a single photon emitted by most trapped ions
is in the ultraviolet (UV) or short-wavelength visible range
where the maximum distribution distance of the photons is
severely limited due to high absorption coefficient in a
single mode optical fiber. To overcome this limitation, we
are currently developing a frequency down-conversion scheme
[2,3] which can coherently transfer a qubit stored in a 370
nm photon emitted by a Yb ion to another photon at 1310 nm
which coincides with the low loss window of a telecom fiber.
© 2011 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/PHOSST.2011.6000036},
Key = {fds264648}
}
@article{fds264649,
Author = {Kim, J and Maunz, P and Kim, T and Hussman, J and Noek, R and Mehta, A and Monroe, C},
Title = {Modular universal scalable ion-trap quantum computer
(MUSIQC)},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {1363},
Pages = {190-193},
Publisher = {AIP},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0094-243X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3630178},
Abstract = {We describe a scalable architecture for general-purpose
quantum computation based on trapped ions and photonic
interconnect network. The quantum computer is made up of
several elementary logic units (ELUs) each containing a
modest number of trapped ions representing physical qubits.
Each ELU is provided with an optical communication port
through which a photon entangled with a communication ion is
extracted. Quantum entanglement is distributed between an
arbitrary pair of ELUs through a reconfigurable photonic
network, which can be utilized to perform two-qubit quantum
logic operation between any pair of physical qubits in the
entire quantum computer. We show that this architecture can
support universal, fault-tolerant quantum computation. ©
2011 American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3630178},
Key = {fds264649}
}
@article{fds264650,
Author = {Kim, T and Maunz, P and Kim, J},
Title = {Efficient collection of single photons emitted from a
trapped ion into a single-mode fiber for scalable
quantum-information processing},
Journal = {Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical
Physics},
Volume = {84},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {1050-2947},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.84.063423},
Abstract = {Interference and coincidence detection of two photons
emitted by two remote ions can lead to an entangled state,
which is a critical resource for scalable
quantum-information processing. Currently the success
probabilities of experimental realizations of this protocol
are mainly limited by low coupling efficiency of a photon
emitted by an ion into a single-mode fiber. Here we consider
two strategies to enhance the collection probability of a
photon emitted from a trapped Yb + ion, using analytic
methods that can be easily applied to other types of ions or
neutral atoms. Our analysis shows that we can achieve fiber
coupling efficiency of over 30% with an optical cavity made
of a flat fiber tip and a spherical mirror. We also
investigate ways to increase the fiber coupling efficiency
using high-numerical-aperture optics, and show that
collection probability of over 15% is possible with proper
control of aberration. © 2011 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.84.063423},
Key = {fds264650}
}
@article{fds264655,
Author = {Zhu, Y and Kim, J and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Selective phase-matched bragg scattering for single-photon
frequency conversion in a nonlinear waveguide},
Journal = {2011 IEEE Photonics Society Summer Topical Meeting
Series},
Pages = {47-48},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PHOSST.2011.6000037},
Abstract = {We describe a design for phase-matched Bragg scattering for
single-photon conversion between two arbitrary frequencies.
The bandwidth of the Bragg scattering process is calculated
and immunity against competing processes is discussed. ©
2011 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/PHOSST.2011.6000037},
Key = {fds264655}
}
@article{fds264643,
Author = {Noek, R and Knoernschild, C and Migacz, J and Kim, T and Maunz, P and Merrill, T and Hayden, H and Pai, CS and Kim, J},
Title = {Multiscale optics for enhanced light collection from a point
source.},
Journal = {Opt Lett},
Volume = {35},
Number = {14},
Pages = {2460-2462},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20634863},
Abstract = {High-efficiency collection of photons emitted by a point
source over a wide field of view (FoV) is crucial for many
applications. Multiscale optics offer improved light
collection by utilizing small optical components placed
close to the optical source, while maintaining a wide FoV
provided by conventional imaging optics. In this work, we
demonstrate collection efficiency of 26% of photons emitted
by a pointlike source using a micromirror fabricated in
silicon with no significant decrease in collection
efficiency over a 10 mm object space.},
Doi = {10.1364/OL.35.002460},
Key = {fds264643}
}
@article{fds264642,
Author = {Baek, B and McKay, KS and Stevens, MJ and Kim, J and Hogue, HH and Nam,
SW},
Title = {Single-photon detection timing jitter in a visible light
photon counter},
Journal = {IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics},
Volume = {46},
Number = {6},
Pages = {991-995},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0018-9197},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2010.2042141},
Abstract = {Visible light photon counters (VLPCs) offer many attractive
features as photon detectors, such as high quantum
efficiency and photon number resolution. We report
measurements of the single-photon timing jitter in a VLPC, a
critical performance factor in a time-correlated
single-photon counting measurement, in a fiber-coupled
closed-cycle cryocooler. The measured timing jitter is 240
ps full-width-at-half-maximum at a wavelength of 550 nm,
with a dark count rate of 25×103 counts per second. The
timing jitter increases modestly at longer wavelengths to
300 ps at 1000 nm, and increases substantially at lower bias
voltages as the quantum efficiency is reduced. © 2010
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/JQE.2010.2042141},
Key = {fds264642}
}
@article{fds264644,
Author = {Knoernschild, C and Kim, C and Gregory, CW and Lu, FP and Kim,
J},
Title = {Investigation of optical power tolerance for MEMS
mirrors},
Journal = {Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3},
Pages = {640-646},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {1057-7157},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JMEMS.2010.2045736},
Abstract = {Optical power tolerance on micromirrors is a critical aspect
of many high-power optical systems. Absorptive heating can
negatively impact the performance of an optical system by
altering the micromirror's curvature during operation. This
can lead to shifts in the beam waist locations or imaging
planes within a system. This paper describes a scheme to
measure the impact of mirror heating by optical power and
determine the power tolerances of micromirrors with gold and
aluminum coatings using a 532-nm laser. Results are compared
with an analytical model of thermally induced stress and
optical absorptive heating. Experimental data shows that
gold-coated mirrors are able to handle 40 mW of optical
power with a beam waist displacement of less than 20% of the
output Rayleigh length, while aluminum-coated mirrors can
tolerate 125 mW. Measured data along with modeling suggest
that, with proper metal coating, optical powers greater than
1 W should not adversely affect the system performance. ©
2010 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/JMEMS.2010.2045736},
Key = {fds264644}
}
@article{fds264645,
Author = {Kim, TH and Herskind, PF and Kim, T and Kim, J and Chuang,
IL},
Title = {Surface-electrode point Paul trap},
Journal = {Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical
Physics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {1050-2947},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3346 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We present a model as well as experimental results for a
surface electrode radiofrequency Paul trap that has a
circular electrode geometry well suited for trapping single
ions and two-dimensional planar ion crystals. The trap
design is compatible with microfabrication and offers a
simple method by which the height of the trapped ions above
the surface may be changed in situ. We demonstrate trapping
of single Sr88+ ions over an ion height range of 200-1000
μm for several hours under Doppler laser cooling and use
these to characterize the trap, finding good agreement with
our model. © 2010 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.82.043412},
Key = {fds264645}
}
@article{fds264666,
Author = {Ybarra, GA and Collins, LM and Huettel, LG and Coonley, KD and Massoud,
HZ and Board, JA and Cummer, SA and Choudhury, RR and Gustafson, MR and Jokerst, NM and Brooke, MA and Willett, RM and Kim, J and Absher,
MS},
Title = {Integrated sensing and information processing theme-based
redesign of the undergraduate electrical and computer
engineering curriculum at Duke University},
Journal = {Advances in Engineering Education},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {1941-1766},
Abstract = {The field of electrical and computer engineering has evolved
significantly in the past two decades. This evolution has
broadened the field of ECE, and subfields have seen deep
penetration into very specialized areas. Remarkable devices
and systems arising from innovative processes, exotic
materials, high speed computer simulations, and complex
algorithms make ECE an exciting career field. These
fascinating developments present greater opportunities for
undergraduates to explore the field of ECE as well as
greater challenges for them to navigate the curriculum
because of the myriad of course and areas of concentration
choices they have to make. Reflecting innovations in the
field and capitalizing on the collective faculty research
expertise, the Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering at Duke University has redesigned its
undergraduate curriculum around the theme of Integrated
Sensing and Information Processing. This paper presents
details of the ECE curriculum redesign at Duke University
including its philosophy and implementation as well as
elements of the redesign that are transferable to other
universities. Evidence of increased student ability to
design a system or component and to work effectively in
teams is presented through statistical analyses of student
end-of-course course evaluations. Student design project
complexity evolution as the curriculum redesign unfolded is
also presented, and this provides further evidence that
design and teamwork have enhanced student learning
throughout the new curriculum.},
Key = {fds264666}
}
@article{fds264668,
Author = {Knoernschild, C and Zhang, XL and Isenhower, L and Gill, AT and Lu, FP and Saffman, M and Kim, J},
Title = {Independent individual addressing of multiple neutral atom
qubits with a micromirror-based beam steering
system},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {97},
Number = {13},
Pages = {134101-134101},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0003-6951},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3312 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a scalable approach to addressing multiple
atomic qubits for use in quantum information processing.
Individually trapped 87Rb atoms in a linear array are
selectively manipulated with a single laser guided by a
microelectromechanical beam steering system. Single qubit
oscillations are shown on multiple sites at frequencies of
≃3.5 MHz with negligible crosstalk to neighboring sites.
Switching times between the central atom and its closest
neighbor were measured to be 6-7 μs while moving between
the central atom and an atom two trap sites away took 10-14
μs. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3494526},
Key = {fds264668}
}
@article{fds264639,
Author = {Knoernschild, C and Kim, C and Lu, FP and Kim, J},
Title = {Multiplexed broadband beam steering system utilizing high
speed MEMS mirrors.},
Journal = {Opt Express},
Volume = {17},
Number = {9},
Pages = {7233-7244},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19399100},
Abstract = {We present a beam steering system based on
micro-electromechanical systems technology that features
high speed steering of multiple laser beams over a broad
wavelength range. By utilizing high speed micromirrors with
a broadband metallic coating, our system has the flexibility
to simultaneously incorporate a wide range of wavelengths
and multiple beams. We demonstrate reconfiguration of two
independent beams at different wavelengths (780 and 635 nm)
across a common 5x5 array with 4 micros settling time. Full
simulation of the optical system provides insights on the
scalability of the system. Such a system can provide a
versatile tool for applications where fast laser
multiplexing is necessary.},
Doi = {10.1364/oe.17.007233},
Key = {fds264639}
}
@article{fds264640,
Author = {McKay, KS and Kim, J and Hogue, HH},
Title = {Enhanced quantum efficiency of the visible light photon
counter in the ultraviolet wavelengths.},
Journal = {Opt Express},
Volume = {17},
Number = {9},
Pages = {7458-7464},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19399124},
Abstract = {The visible light photon counter (VLPC) is a very high
quantum efficiency (QE, 88% at 694 nm) single photon
detector in the visible wavelengths. The QE in the
ultraviolet (UV) wavelenghths is poor in these devices due
to absorption in the degenerate front contact. We introduce
the ultraviolet photon counter (UVPC), where the QE in the
near UV wavelength range (300-400 nm) is dramatically
enhanced. The degenerate Si front contact of the VLPC is
replaced with a Ti Schottky contact, which reduces the
absorption of incident photons within the contact layer. We
demonstrate a system QE of 5.3% at 300 nm and 11% at 370 nm
for a UVPC with a Ti Schottky contact and a single layer
MgF(2) antireflection coating.},
Doi = {10.1364/oe.17.007458},
Key = {fds264640}
}
@article{fds264590,
Author = {Noek, R and Migacz, J and Knoernschild, C and Kim, T and Kim,
J},
Title = {Enhanced light collection from a point fluorescent source
using multiscale optics},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We have demonstrated enhancement of point source light
collection by a factor of 18 over a traditional f/2.55
imaging system (~17%) across a 15 mm object space by
integrating a high numerical aperture micromirror. © 2009
Optical Society of America.},
Key = {fds264590}
}
@article{fds264638,
Author = {Kim, J and Kim, C},
Title = {Integrated optical approach to trapped ion quantum
computation},
Journal = {Quantum Information and Computation},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {181-202},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {1533-7146},
Abstract = {Recent experimental progress in quantum information
processing with trapped ions have demonstrated most of the
fundamental elements required to realize a scalable quantum
computer. The next set of challenges lie in realization of a
large number of qubits and the means to prepare, manipulate
and measure them, leading to error - protected qubits and
fault tolerant architectures. The integration of qubits
necessarily require integrated optical approach as most of
these operations involve interaction with photons. In this
paper, we discuss integrated optics technologies and
concrete optical designs needed for the physical realization
of scalable quantum computer. © Rinton Press.},
Key = {fds264638}
}
@article{fds264641,
Author = {Kim, J and Kim, C},
Title = {Integrated optical approach to trapped ion quantum
computation},
Journal = {Quantum Information and Computation},
Volume = {9},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {181-202},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {1533-7146},
Abstract = {Recent experimental progress in quantum information
processing with trapped ions have demonstrated most of the
fundamental elements required to realize a scalable quantum
computer. The next set of challenges lie in realization of a
large number of qubits and the means to prepare, manipulate
and measure them, leading to error-protected qubits and
fault tolerant architectures. The integration of qubits
necessarily require integrated optical approach as most of
these operations involve interaction with photons. In this
paper, we discuss integrated optics technologies and
concrete optical designs needed for the physical realization
of scalable quantum computer. © Rinton Press.},
Key = {fds264641}
}
@article{fds264663,
Author = {Uttam, S and Goodman, NA and Neifeld, MA and Kim, C and John, R and Kim, J and Brady, D},
Title = {Optically multiplexed imaging with superposition space
tracking},
Journal = {Optics Express},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1691-1713},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {1094-4087},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.001691},
Abstract = {We describe a novel method to track targets in a large field
of view. This method simultaneously images multiple, encoded
sub-fields of view onto a common focal plane. Sub-field
encoding enables target tracking by creating a unique
connection between target characteristics in superposition
space and the target's true position in real space. This is
accomplished without reconstructing a conventional image of
the large field of view. Potential encoding schemes include
spatial shift, rotation, and magnification. We discuss each
of these encoding schemes, but the main emphasis of the
paper and all examples are based on one-dimensional spatial
shift encoding. System performance is evaluated in terms of
two criteria: average decoding time and probability of
decoding error. We study these performance criteria as a
function of resolution in the encoding scheme and
signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, we include simulation and
experimental results demonstrating our novel tracking
method. © 2009 Optical Society of America.},
Doi = {10.1364/OE.17.001691},
Key = {fds264663}
}
@article{fds264637,
Author = {Kim, C and Kim, J},
Title = {Organic photovoltaic cell in lateral-tandem configuration
employing continuously-tuned microcavity
sub-cells.},
Journal = {Opt Express},
Volume = {16},
Number = {24},
Pages = {19987-19994},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19030085},
Abstract = {We propose a lateral-tandem organic photovoltaic system
consisting of a dispersive-focusing element and
continuously-tuned, series-connected sub-cells. The proposed
system overcomes the efficiency limitation of organic
photovoltaic devices by spectral re-distribution of incoming
solar photons and their delivery to the wavelength-matched,
resonant sub-cells. By numerical simulations, we demonstrate
that optical resonance in a microcavity sub-cell with a
metal/organic multilayer/metal structure can be tuned over a
broad spectrum by varying the thickness of the organic
multilayer. We show that the power-conversion efficiency
exceeding 18% can be obtained in a lateral-tandem system
employing an ideal dispersive-focusing element and the
microcavity sub-cells.},
Doi = {10.1364/oe.16.019987},
Key = {fds264637}
}
@article{fds264662,
Author = {Marcia, RF and Kim, C and Eldeniz, C and Kim, J and Brady, DJ and Willett,
RM},
Title = {Superimposed video disambiguation for increased field of
view.},
Journal = {Opt Express},
Volume = {16},
Number = {21},
Pages = {16352-16363},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18852741},
Abstract = {Many infrared optical systems in wide-ranging applications
such as surveillance and security frequently require large
fields of view (FOVs). Often this necessitates a focal plane
array (FPA) with a large number of pixels, which, in
general, is very expensive. In a previous paper, we proposed
a method for increasing the FOV without increasing the pixel
resolution of the FPA by superimposing multiple sub-images
within a static scene and disambiguating the observed data
to reconstruct the original scene. This technique, in
effect, allows each sub-image of the scene to share a single
FPA, thereby increasing the FOV without compromising
resolution. In this paper, we demonstrate the increase of
FOVs in a realistic setting by physically generating a
superimposed video from a single scene using an optical
system employing a beamsplitter and a movable mirror.
Without prior knowledge of the contents of the scene, we are
able to disambiguate the two sub-images, successfully
capturing both large-scale features and fine details in each
sub-image. We improve upon our previous reconstruction
approach by allowing each sub-image to have slowly changing
components, carefully exploiting correlations between
sequential video frames to achieve small mean errors and to
reduce run times. We show the effectiveness of this improved
approach by reconstructing the constituent images of a
surveillance camera video.},
Doi = {10.1364/oe.16.016352},
Key = {fds264662}
}
@article{fds264636,
Author = {Tanouchi, Y and Tu, D and Kim, J and You, L},
Title = {Noise reduction by diffusional dissipation in a minimal
quorum sensing motif.},
Journal = {PLoS Comput Biol},
Volume = {4},
Number = {8},
Pages = {e1000167},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18769706},
Abstract = {Cellular interactions are subject to random fluctuations
(noise) in quantities of interacting molecules. Noise
presents a major challenge for the robust function of
natural and engineered cellular networks. Past studies have
analyzed how noise is regulated at the intracellular level.
Cell-cell communication, however, may provide a
complementary strategy to achieve robust gene expression by
enabling the coupling of a cell with its environment and
other cells. To gain insight into this issue, we have
examined noise regulation by quorum sensing (QS), a
mechanism by which many bacteria communicate through
production and sensing of small diffusible signals. Using a
stochastic model, we analyze a minimal QS motif in
Gram-negative bacteria. Our analysis shows that diffusion of
the QS signal, together with fast turnover of its
transcriptional regulator, attenuates low-frequency
components of extrinsic noise. We term this unique mechanism
"diffusional dissipation" to emphasize the importance of
fast signal turnover (or dissipation) by diffusion. We
further show that this noise attenuation is a property of a
more generic regulatory motif, of which QS is an
implementation. Our results suggest that, in a QS system, an
unstable transcriptional regulator may be favored for
regulating expression of costly proteins that generate
public goods.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000167},
Key = {fds264636}
}
@booklet{Knoernschild08,
Author = {Knoernschild, C and Kim, C and Liu, B and Lu, FP and Kim,
J},
Title = {MEMS-based optical beam steering system for quantum
information processing in two-dimensional atomic
systems.},
Journal = {Opt Lett},
Volume = {33},
Number = {3},
Pages = {273-275},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0146-9592},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18246152},
Abstract = {To provide scalability to quantum information processors
utilizing trapped atoms or ions as quantum bits (qubits),
the capability to address multiple individual qubits in a
large array is needed. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)
technology can be used to create a flexible and scalable
optical system to direct the necessary laser beams to
multiple qubit locations. We developed beam steering optics
using controllable MEMS mirrors that enable one laser beam
to address multiple qubit locations in a two-dimensional
trap lattice. MEMS mirror settling times of approximately 10
micros were demonstrated, which allow for fast access time
between qubits.},
Doi = {10.1364/ol.33.000273},
Key = {Knoernschild08}
}
@article{fds264587,
Author = {Kim, J and Knoernschild, CW and Kim, C and Migacz, J and McKay, KS and Lu,
F},
Title = {Optical MEMS technology for scalable quantum information
processor},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {We describe microsystems approach to realizing a scalable
quantum information processor in trapped ions and atoms. A
flexible, MEMS-based beam steering system is demonstrated
that enables random access of qubits in a 2D array. © 2008
Optical Society of America.},
Key = {fds264587}
}
@article{fds264635,
Author = {Kim, C and Lee, JY and Peumans, P and Kim, J},
Title = {Surface plasmon polariton assisted organic solar
cells},
Journal = {Technical Proceedings of the 2008 NSTI Nanotechnology
Conference and Trade Show, NSTI-Nanotech, Nanotechnology
2008},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {533-536},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-1-4200-8502-0},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000282341400044&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We propose a lateral tandem cell system consisting of
organic thin-film photovoltaic devices. The crucial element
of the system is a surface plasmon polariton (SPP) assisted
organic solar cell employing a metallic grating electrode.
In the SPP-assisted solar cell, the incident light
resonantly excites an SPP mode to increase the optical field
intensity in the absorption layer. As a result, a high
absorption efficiency is maintained when the thickness of
the absorption layer is decreased below the exciton
diffusion length, thereby overcoming the 'exciton diffusion
bottleneck' present in conventional organic solar cells. For
a model structure, where an organic multilayer is sandwiched
by a planar cathode and a grating anode, both consisting of
Ag, we show, using the finite element method, that the
absorption efficiency of a 10-nm-thick absorption layer with
the absorption coefficient of 105 cm -1 exceeds 80% for
TM-polarized incident light with a wavelength of 765 nm. We
show that the resonance can be tuned by varying the grating
period. We also discuss design guidelines for the lateral
tandem cell system, and estimate its performance.},
Key = {fds264635}
}
@article{fds264660,
Author = {Uttam, S and Goodman, NA and Neifeld, MA and Changsoon, K and Jungsang,
K and Brady, DJ},
Title = {Optically multiplexed imaging with superposition space
tracking},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {7096},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.795150},
Abstract = {We describe a novel method to track targets in a large field
of view. This method simultaneously images multiple, encoded
sub-fields of view onto a common focal plane. Sub-field
encoding enables target tracking by creating a unique
connection between target characteristics in superposition
space and the target's true position in real space. This is
accomplished without reconstructing a conventional image of
the large field of view. Potential encoding schemes include
spatial shift, rotation, and magnification. We briefly
discuss each of these encoding schemes, but the main
emphasis of the paper and all examples are based on
one-dimensional spatial shift encoding. Simulation results
are included to show the efficacy of the proposed sub-field
encoding scheme.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.795150},
Key = {fds264660}
}
@article{fds264661,
Author = {Marcia, RF and Kim, C and Kim, J and Brady, DJ and Willett,
RM},
Title = {Fast disambiguation of superimposed images for increased
field of view},
Journal = {Proceedings - International Conference on Image Processing,
ICIP},
Pages = {2620-2623},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {1522-4880},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2008.4712331},
Abstract = {Many infrared optical systems in wide-ranging applications
such as surveillance and security frequently require large
fields of view. Often this necessitates a focal plane array
(FPA) with a large number of pixels, which, in general, is
very expensive. In this paper, we propose a method for
increasing the field of view without increasing the pixel
resolution of the FPA by superimposing the multiple
subimages within a scene and disambiguating the observed
data to reconstruct the original scene. This technique, in
effect, allows each subimage of the scene to share a single
FPA, thereby increasing the field of view without
compromising resolution. To disambiguate the subimages, we
develop wavelet regularized reconstruction methods which
encourage sparsity in the solution. We present results from
numerical experiments that demonstrate the effectiveness of
this approach. © 2008 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/ICIP.2008.4712331},
Key = {fds264661}
}
@article{fds264583,
Author = {Kim, C and Knoernschild, CW and Liu, B and McKay, KS and Lu, F and Kim,
J},
Title = {Integrated optics technology for quantum information
processing in atomic systems},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {Scalable quantum information processing in ion traps or
neutral atoms requires highly integrated and functional
optical systems for qubit manipulation and detection. We
discuss and demonstrate integrated optics technologies that
are relevant for this application. © 2007 Optical Society
of America.},
Key = {fds264583}
}
@article{fds264584,
Author = {McKay, KS and Lu, F and Kim, J and Hogue, HH},
Title = {Compact high quantum efficiency single photon detector in
the ultraviolet wavelengths},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a high quantum efficiency single photon
detector with operating wavelength extended into the
ultraviolet range (250nm-1μm). Quantum efficiency of 6% is
demonstrated at 300 nm, with estimated internal efficiency
of 24%. © 2007 Optical Society of America.},
Key = {fds264584}
}
@article{fds264585,
Author = {McKay, KS and Lu, F and Kim, J and Hogue, HH},
Title = {Compact high quantum efficiency single photon detector in
the ultraviolet wavelengths},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a high quantum efficiency single photon
detector with operating wavelength extended into the
ultraviolet range (250nm-1μm). Quantum efficiency of 6% is
demonstrated at 300 nm, with estimated internal efficiency
of 24%. © 2007 Optical Society of America.},
Key = {fds264585}
}
@article{fds264586,
Author = {McKay, KS and Lu, F and Kim, J and Hogue, HH},
Title = {Compact high quantum efficiency single photon detector in
the ultraviolet wavelengths},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a high quantum efficiency single photon
detector with operating wavelength extended into the
ultraviolet range (250nm-1μm). Quantum efficiency of 6% is
demonstrated at 300 nm, with estimated internal efficiency
of 24%. © 2007 Optical Society of America.},
Key = {fds264586}
}
@article{fds264581,
Author = {Kim, C and Knoernschild, CW and Liu, B and McKay, KS and Lu, F and Kim,
J},
Title = {Integrated optics technology for quantum information
processing in atomic systems},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {Scalable quantum information processing in ion traps or
neutral atoms requires highly integrated and functional
optical systems for qubit manipulation and detection. We
discuss and demonstrate integrated optics technologies that
are relevant for this application. © 2007 Optical Society
of America.},
Key = {fds264581}
}
@article{fds264582,
Author = {Kim, C and Knoernschild, CW and Liu, B and McKay, KS and Lu, F and Kim,
J},
Title = {Integrated optics technology for quantum information
processing in atomic systems},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {Scalable quantum information processing in ion traps or
neutral atoms requires highly integrated and functional
optical systems for qubit manipulation and detection. We
discuss and demonstrate integrated optics technologies that
are relevant for this application. © 2007 Optical Society
of America.},
Key = {fds264582}
}
@article{fds264632,
Author = {Justice, BJ and Nguyen, VN and Yönak, SH and Kim, J and Smith,
DR},
Title = {Electric-field-coupled metamaterials for microwave beam
formation},
Journal = {IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International
Symposium (Digest)},
Pages = {2566-2569},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1522-3965},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4396058},
Abstract = {Microwave propagation through an eleetrie-field-coupled
metamaterial lens with a refractive index gradient is
experimentally investigated. A gradient in the refractive
index of the metamaterial is introduced by continuous tuning
of a single parameter in the metamaterial elements.
Experimental field maps, acquired in a planar waveguide,
demonstrate that the planar gradient index lens can be used
to collimate radiation from a line source, thereby forming a
beam. © 2007 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/APS.2007.4396058},
Key = {fds264632}
}
@article{fds264633,
Author = {Kim, C and Knoernschild, CW and Liu, B and McKay, KS and Lu, F and Kim,
J},
Title = {Integrated optics technology for quantum information
processing in atomic systems},
Journal = {Conference on Quantum Electronics and Laser Science (QELS) -
Technical Digest Series},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/QELS.2007.4431252},
Abstract = {Scalable quantum information processing in ion traps or
neutral atoms requires highly integrated and functional
optical systems for qubit manipulation and detection. We
discuss and demonstrate integrated optics technologies that
are relevant for this application. © 2006 Optical Society
of America.},
Doi = {10.1109/QELS.2007.4431252},
Key = {fds264633}
}
@article{fds264634,
Author = {Kim, C and Knoernschild, CW and Liu, B and McKay, KS and Lu, F and Kim,
J},
Title = {Integrated optics technology for quantum information
processing in atomic systems},
Journal = {Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2007, CLEO
2007},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/CLEO.2007.4453475},
Abstract = {Scalable quantum information processing in ion traps or
neutral atoms requires highly integrated and functional
optical systems for qubit manipulation and detection. We
discuss and demonstrate integrated optics technologies that
are relevant for this application. © 2007 Optical Society
of America.},
Doi = {10.1109/CLEO.2007.4453475},
Key = {fds264634}
}
@article{fds264659,
Author = {Goodwin, S and Carlson, J and Rogers, S and Kim, J and Kim, C and Brady, D and Stoner, BR},
Title = {Dynamic aperture optical arrays based on polymeric MEMS
actuators for large scale coding elements with application
in visible to MWIR},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {6714},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.736074},
Abstract = {Extension of coded apertures to the MWIR introduces the
effects of diffraction and other distortions not observed in
shorter wavelength systems. A new approach is being
developed under the DARPA/SPO funded LACOSTE (Large Area
Coverage Optical search-while Track and Engage) program,
that addresses the effects of diffraction while gaining the
benefits of coded apertures, thus providing flexibility to
vary resolution, possess sufficient light gathering power,
and achieve a wide field of view (WFOV). The photonic MEMS
"eyelid" array technology is currently being instantiated in
this DARPA Surveillance program study as the "heart",
mediating the flow of the incoming signal. However, speed,
lifetime, packaging and scalability are critical factors for
the MEMS "eyelid" technology which will determine system
efficacy as well as military and commercial usefulness. The
electronic eyelid array is the fundamental addressable unit
for adaptive code generation and will allow the system to
multiplex in time for increased resolution. The binary code
which determines whether a 500μm eyelid is open or closed
is referred to as the "eyelid code." Groups of eyelids can
work together as a "super aperture" by virtue of a
"macro-code." A macro code becomes relevant to describe how
dispersed eyelids across the 0.19m × 0.19m aperture will
function together. Dynamic aperture arrays were fabricated
on both quartz and sapphire substrates for operation in the
visible to MWIR. Both 8×8 and 40×40 element arrays were
designed, fabricated, and tested with macro-codes consisting
of 4, 8, and 16 unique combinations. The die were packaged
and tested in ambient for robust eyelid operations. The
point spread function was also measured in an optical setup
with the eyelid arrays located in the aperture
plane.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.736074},
Key = {fds264659}
}
@article{9585692,
Author = {McKay, KS and Lu, FP and Kim, J and Yi, C and Brown, AS and Hawkins,
AR},
Title = {Band discontinuity measurements of the wafer bonded InGaAsSi
heterojunction},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {90},
Number = {22},
Pages = {222111-222111},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0003-6951},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2745254},
Keywords = {chemical interdiffusion;conduction bands;elemental
semiconductors;gallium arsenide;III-V semiconductors;indium
compounds;interface states;semiconductor
heterojunctions;silicon;thermionic electron emission;valence
bands;},
Abstract = {p -type InGaAsSi heterojunctions were fabricated through a
wafer fusion bonding process. The relative band alignment
between the two materials at the heterointerface was
determined using current-voltage (I-V) measurements and
applying thermionic emission-diffusion theory. The valence
and conduction band discontinuities for the InGaAsSi
interface were determined to be 0.48 and -0.1 eV,
respectively, indicating a type-II band alignment. © 2007
American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.2745254},
Key = {9585692}
}
@article{073510793305,
Author = {Huettel, LG and Brown, AS and Coonley, KD and Gustafson, MR and Kim, J and Ybarra, GA and Collins, LM},
Title = {Fundamentals of ECE: A rigorous, integrated introduction to
electrical and computer engineering},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Education},
Volume = {50},
Number = {3},
Pages = {174-181},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0018-9359},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TE.2007.900020},
Keywords = {Curricula;Electronics engineering;Robotics;Students;Teaching;},
Abstract = {The Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department at
Duke University, Durham, NC, is undergoing extensive
curriculum revisions that incorporate novel content,
organization, and teaching methods. The cornerstone of the
new curriculum is a theme-based introductory course,
Fundamentals of ECE. To introduce students to the major
areas of ECE in their first year of study, this course is
organized around three concepts: 1) how to interface with
the physical world; 2) how to transmit energy and
information; and 3) how to extract, interpret, and analyze
information. To provide insight and motivation, the course
is designed to introduce multiple areas of ECE, emphasizing
how they are interrelated and how they contribute to the
design and functioning of real-world applications. Also, the
course must engage its students, many of whom are evaluating
ECE as a prospective major and career. To achieve these
goals, the course adopts a unifying theme, tightly couples
lecture and laboratory exercises, and includes a laboratory
experience that emphasizes design, integration, and real
applications. The interactive classroom content and
laboratory exercises are developed iteratively so that each
course component supports the other, rather than one being
dominant and driving the other. As the context focus of the
laboratory, a robotic platform enables the exploration of a
broad range of ECE concepts, both independently and
integrated into an entire system. For their final design
project, students form small groups, which in turn combine
into larger teams, to create robots that work together to
overcome realistic challenges. This paper describes the
curricular objectives and key course elements that guide
course development, the resulting content and structure of
the course, and the assessment data that indicate successful
achievement of the curricular goals. © 2007
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/TE.2007.900020},
Key = {073510793305}
}
@article{071810582115,
Author = {Kim, C and Knoernschild, C and Liu, B and Kim, J},
Title = {Design and characterization of MEMS micromirrors for
ion-trap quantum computation},
Journal = {IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum
Electronics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {322-329},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1077-260X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2007.893561},
Keywords = {Computational methods;Laser beams;Mirrors;Natural
frequencies;Optical design;Optical materials;Optimization;Quantum
optics;Transient analysis;},
Abstract = {To build a large-scale quantum information processor (QIP)
based on trapped ions or neutral atoms, integrated optical
systems capable of delivering laser beams to multiple target
locations are necessary. We consider a beam-shifting element
consisting of a tilting micromirror located at the focal
point of a lens, as a fundamental building block for such a
system. We explore the design space of the micromirrors and
characterize their dc, frequency, and transient responses.
The fastest mirror features the resonant frequency of 113
kHz and the 98% settling time of 11 μs. The design
tradeoffs are discussed to facilitate further optimization
of the mirror performance for this application. © 2007
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/JSTQE.2007.893561},
Key = {071810582115}
}
@booklet{Kim07,
Author = {C. Kim and C. Knoernschild and B. Liu and J.
Kim},
Title = {Design and characterization of MEMS micromirrors for
ion-trap quantum computation},
Journal = {Ieee Journal Of Selected Topics In Quantum
Electronics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {322 -- 329},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1077-260X},
Abstract = {To build a large-scale quantum information processor (QIP)
based on trapped ions or neutral atoms, integrated optical
systems capable of delivering laser beams to multiple target
locations are necessary. We consider a beam-shifting element
consisting of a tilting,micromirror located at the focal
point of a lens, as a fundamental building block for such a
system. We explore the design space of the micromirrors and
characterize their dc, frequency, and transient responses.
The fastest mirror features the resonant frequency of 113
kHz and the 98\% settling time of 11 mu s. The design
tradeoffs are discussed to facilitate further optimization
of the mirror performance for this application.},
Key = {Kim07}
}
@article{fds264580,
Author = {Kim, J and Kim, C and Knoernschild, CW and Liu, B and McKay,
KS},
Title = {Integrated optics technology for ion trap based large-scale
quantum information processor},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2162-2701},
Abstract = {Realizing ion trap based large-scale quantum information
processor requires integrated optics technologies. We design
and characterize basic optical beam steering system using
micromirrors as a first step towards constructing
high-quality functional integrated optics. © 2005 Optical
Society of America.},
Key = {fds264580}
}
@inproceedings{9274292,
Author = {Kim, C and Knoernschild, C and Liu, B and Kim, J},
Title = {Design and characterization of MEMS micromirrors for ion
trap quantum computation},
Journal = {IEEE/LEOS International Conference on Optical MEMS and Their
Applications Conference, 2006},
Pages = {96-97},
Address = {Big Sky, MT, USA},
Year = {2006},
Keywords = {micro-optomechanical devices;micromirrors;particle
traps;quantum computing;},
Abstract = {Quantum computation provides non-trivial advantages over
classical computation, by enabling fundamentally more
efficient algorithms for important problems like factoring
and database search. Free space Gaussian beams controlled by
MEMS micromirrors were proposed as a means to precisely
address the ions on a chip. Here, we investigate the design
space of such elements based on an existing ion-trap
experimental setup and characterize their performance. This
design approach can be readily adapted to meet the
requirements for a variety of other trapped ion or neutral
atom experiments},
Key = {9274292}
}
@article{8841853,
Author = {Kim, J and Pau, S and Ma, Z and McLellan, HR and Gates, JV and Kornblit, A and Slusher, RE and Jopson, RM and Kang, I and Dinu, M},
Title = {System design for large-scale ion trap quantum information
processor},
Journal = {Quantum Information and Computation},
Volume = {5},
Number = {7},
Pages = {515-537},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {1533-7146},
Keywords = {hardware-software codesign;parallel processing;particle
traps;quantum computing;},
Abstract = {We present a detailed system design and available technology
choices for building a large scale (> 100 qubits) ion
trap quantum information processor (QIP). The system design
is based on technologies that are within reach today, and
utilizes single-instruction-on-multiple-data (SIMD)
principles to re-use resources that cannot be duplicated
easily. The system engineering principles adopted highlight
various design tradeoffs in the QIP design and serve as a
guideline to find design spaces for a much larger QIP. ©
Rinton Press.},
Key = {8841853}
}
@article{fds264630,
Author = {Kim, J and Nuzman, CJ and Kumar, B and Lieuwen, DF and Kraus, JS and Weiss,
A and Lichtenwalner, CP and Papazian, AR and Frahm, RE and Gates,
JV},
Title = {Training 1100 × 1100-port MEMS-based optical crossconnect
switches},
Journal = {OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series},
Volume = {96 A},
Pages = {1269-},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {1094-5695},
Abstract = {We report 1100 × 1100-port optical crossconnect switch
using micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. The
challenge of generating the database for each connection was
addressed by advanced mathematical modeling, streamlined
learning process and efficient hill-climbing
algorithm.},
Key = {fds264630}
}
@article{04318292916,
Author = {Neilson, DT and Frahm, R and Kolodner, P and Bolle, CA and Ryf, R and Kim,
J and Papazian, AR and Nuzman, CJ and Gasparyan, A and Basavanhally, NR and Aksyuk, VA and Gates, JV},
Title = {256 × 256 port optical cross-connect subsystem},
Journal = {Journal of Lightwave Technology},
Volume = {22},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1499-1508},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {0733-8724},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2004.829223},
Keywords = {Optical interconnects;Optical communication
equipment;Microelectromechanical devices;Optical design;Fits
and tolerances;Computer simulation;Crosstalk;Microlenses;Photoresists;Insertion
losses;Laser beams;Optical switches;},
Abstract = {This paper describes the subsystem design and performance of
a 256 × 256-port micromechanical beam-steering optical
cross-connect with 1.33-dB average loss, which can provide
238 × 238-port cross-connect with a maximum loss of less
than 2 dB. This paper describes the design chosen and
analyzes the tolerance ranges required to produce low loss
and simulate the expected loss distribution of the fabric.
The method of establishing and testing the connections is
also described. The simulation is compared with the measured
system, and the expected and measured static and dynamic
crosstalk are compared. © 2004 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/JLT.2004.829223},
Key = {04318292916}
}
@article{04058002599,
Author = {Kozhevnikov, M and Ryf, R and Neilson, DT and Kolodner, P and Bolle, CA and Papazian, AR and Kim, J and Gates, JV},
Title = {Micromechanical Optical Crossconnect with 4-F Relay Imaging
Optics},
Journal = {IEEE Photonics Technology Letters},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {275-277},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {1041-1135},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2003.819416},
Keywords = {Composite micromechanics;Optical interconnects;Imaging
techniques;Optical switches;Bandwidth;Optical fibers;Optical
collimators;Optical instrument lenses;Mirrors;Arrays;},
Abstract = {We describe a novel optical configuration for a
microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based beam-steering
optical crossconnect. It incorporates 4-F imaging optics to
relay light to the MEMS chip. This makes the system more
tolerant to fiber-microlens misalignment. The use of a relay
plus Fourier lens and patterned mirror removes the skew
angle on the MEMS array and reduces the maximum angle for
the MEMS mirror. A prototype 110 × 110 crossconnect
employing imaging optics was constructed to validate the
approach. This achieved a mean fiber-to-fiber insertion loss
of 2.9 dB.},
Doi = {10.1109/LPT.2003.819416},
Key = {04058002599}
}
@article{04158110679,
Author = {Olkhovets, A and Phanaphat, P and Nuzman, C and Shin, DJ and Lichtenwalner, C and Kozhevnikov, M and Kim, J},
Title = {Performance of an Optical Switch Based on 3-D MEMS
Crossconnect},
Journal = {IEEE Photonics Technology Letters},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {780-782},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {1041-1135},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2004.823703},
Keywords = {Microelectromechanical devices;Feedback control;Switching;Synchronization;Optical
communication equipment;Optical fibers;Internet;Network
protocols;Electric potential;Integration;Algorithms;},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a fully functional microelectrome-chanical
system-based optical crossconnect switch with advanced
close-loop feedback control architecture for the mirrors.
The system architecture was designed for handling multiple
connections in parallel. The switch features rapid
restoration of multiple connections at the switching element
level opening up the path to synchronous optical
network-like performance for mesh networks, and power
equalization capability for each port.},
Doi = {10.1109/LPT.2004.823703},
Key = {04158110679}
}
@inproceedings{8081197,
Author = {Gasparyan, A and Shea, H and Arney, S and Aksyuk, V and Simon, ME and Pardo, F and Chan, HB and Kim, J and Gates, J and Goyal, S and Kleiman,
R},
Title = {On the road to reliable MEMS},
Journal = {Conference Proceedings - Lasers and Electro-Optics Society
Annual Meeting-LEOS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {626-627},
Address = {Tucson, AZ, USA},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LEOS.2003.1252956},
Keywords = {creep;electric properties;fatigue;micromechanical
devices;micromirrors;optical films;optical materials;stress
relaxation;vibrations;},
Abstract = {Dielectric charging, mechanical creep and fatigue of
materials, stresses in thin films, sensitivity to mechanical
vibrations and shock is but a partial list of issues that
may arise on the road to reliable MEMS. Major electrical and
mechanical phenomenon that may limit the lifetime or
functionality of MEMS devices will be discussed along with
the design rules, materials choices and reliability vs.
functionality tradeoffs that are required for designing MEMS
for high performance and reliability.},
Key = {8081197}
}
@inproceedings{7978743,
Author = {Gasparyan, A and Shea, H and Arney, S and Aksyuk, V and Simon, ME and Pardo, F and Chan, HB and Kim, J and Gates, J and Kraus, JS and Goyal, S and Carr, D and Kleiman, R},
Title = {Drift-Free, 1000G Mechanical Shock Tolerant Single-Crystal
Silicon Two-Axis MEMS Tilting Mirrors in a 1000×1000-Port
Optical Crossconnect},
Journal = {Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, Technical Digest
Series},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {908-910},
Address = {Atlanta, GA, USA},
Year = {2003},
Keywords = {elemental semiconductors;hermetic seals;mechanical
stability;micromechanical devices;micromirrors;optical
arrays;optical design techniques;optical fabrication;optical
materials;optical switches;silicon;},
Abstract = {We report drift-free two-axis tilting MEMS mirrors
fabricated from single crystal silicon. These micromirrors
survive 1000G mechanical shocks and exhibit angular
stability better than 4 millidegrees under simulated office
vibrations. Two hermetically sealed mirror arrays were used
to build a low-loss non-blocking 1000×1000-port optical
cross-connect switch. © Optical Society of
America.},
Key = {7978743}
}
@article{03237496005,
Author = {Aksyuk, VA and Pardo, F and Carr, D and Greywall, D and Chan, HB and Simon,
ME and Gasparyan, A and Shea, H and Lifton, V and Bolle, C and Arney, S and Frahm, R and Paczkowski, M and Haueis, M and Ryf, R and Neilson, DT and Kim, J and Giles, CR and Bishop, D},
Title = {Beam-steering micromirrors for large optical
cross-connects},
Journal = {Journal of Lightwave Technology},
Volume = {21},
Number = {3},
Pages = {634-642},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {0733-8724},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2003.811792},
Keywords = {Optical fibers;Optical switches;Light transmission;Microactuators;Micromachining;Fabrication;},
Abstract = {This paper describes Si-micromachined two-axis beam-steering
micromirrors and their performance in 256 × 256-and 1024 ×
1024-port large optical cross-connects (OXCs). The
high-reflectivity wavelength-independent mirrors are
electrostatically actuated; capable of large, continuous,
controlled, dc tilt in any direction at moderate actuation
voltages; and allow setting times of a few milliseconds.
Packaged two-dimensional (2-D) arrays containing
independently addressable identical 256 and 1296 mirrors are
used to build fully functional bitrate and
wavelength-independent single-stage, low-insertion-loss,
single-mode fiber OCX fabrics.},
Doi = {10.1109/JLT.2003.811792},
Key = {03237496005}
}
@inproceedings{7687146,
Author = {Pardo, F and Aksyuk, VA and Arney, S and Bair, H and Basavanhally, NR and Bishop, DJ and Bogart, GR and Bolle, CA and Bower, JE and Carr, D and Chan,
HB and Cirelli, R and Ferry, E and Frahm, R and Gasparyan, A and Gates, JV and Giles, CR and Gomez, L and Goyal, S and Greywall, DS and Haueis, M and Keller, RC and Kim, J and Klemens, FP and Kolodner, P and Kornblit, A and Kroupenkine, T and Lai, W and Lifton, V and Liu, JQ and Low, Y and Mansfield, W and Marom, D and Miner, JF and Neilson, DT and Paczkowski,
M and Pai, CS and Ramirez, A and Ramsey, D and Rogers, S and Ryf, R and Scotti, R and Shea, H and Simon, ME and Soh, HT and Tang, H and Taylor, JA and Teffeau, K and Vuillemin, J and Weld, J},
Title = {Optical MEMS devices for telecom systems},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {5116 II},
Pages = {435-444},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Address = {Maspalomas, Gran Canaria, Spain},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.499075},
Keywords = {micro-optics;micromachining;multiplexing equipment;optical
communication equipment;optical fabrication;optical
filters;optical switches;silicon;silicon-on-insulator;wavelength
division multiplexing;},
Abstract = {As telecom networks increase in complexity there is a need
for systems capable of managing numerous optical signals.
Many of the channel-manipulation functions can be done more
effectively in optical domain. MEMS devices are especially
well suited for these applications since they can offer a
large number of degrees of freedom in a limited space, thus
providing high levels of optical integration. We have
designed, fabricated and tested optical MEMS devices at the
core of optical cross connects, channelized filters and
wavelength-selective switches based on different fabrication
technologies such as polysilicon surface micromachining and
single crystal SOI. We show specific examples of these
devices, discussing design trade-offs between technologies,
fabrication requirements and optical performance.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.499075},
Key = {7687146}
}
@article{03467720156,
Author = {Kim, J and Nuzman, CJ and Kumar, B and Lieuwen, DF and Kraus, JS and Weiss,
A and Lichtenwalner, CP and Papazian, AR and Frahm, RE and Basavanhally,
NR and Ramsey, DA and Aksyuk, VA and Pardo, F and Simon, ME and Lifton, V and Chan, HB and Haueis, M and Gasparyan, A and Shea, HR and Arney, S and Bolle, CA and Kolodner, PR and Ryf, R and Neilson, DT and Gates,
JV},
Title = {1100 × 1100 port MEMS-based optical crossconnect with 4-dB
maximum loss},
Journal = {IEEE Photonics Technology Letters},
Volume = {15},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1537-1539},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {1041-1135},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2003.818653},
Keywords = {Microelectromechanical devices;Insertion losses;Optical
design;Optical fibers;Mirrors;Microlenses;Systems
analysis;},
Abstract = {We present a microelectromechanical systems-based beam
steering optical crossconnect switch core with port count
exceeding 1100, featuring mean fiber-to-fiber insertion loss
of 2.1 dB and maximum insertion loss of 4.0 dB across all
possible connections. The challenge of efficient measurement
and optimization of all possible connections was met by an
automated testing facility. The resulting connections
feature optical loss stability of better than 0.2 dB over
days, without any feedback control under normal laboratory
conditions.},
Doi = {10.1109/LPT.2003.818653},
Key = {03467720156}
}
@article{03187452077,
Author = {Aksyuk, VA and Arney, S and Basavanhally, NR and Bishop, DJ and Bolle,
CA and Chang, CC and Frahm, R and Gasparyan, A and Gates, JV and George, R and Giles, CR and Kim, J and Kolodner, PR and Lee, TM and Neilson, DT and Nijander, C and Nuzman, CJ and Paczkowski, M and Papazian, AR and Pardo,
F and Ramsey, DA and Ryf, R and Scotti, RE and Shea, H and Simon,
ME},
Title = {238 × 238 micromechanical optical cross
connect},
Journal = {IEEE Photonics Technology Letters},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {587-589},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {1041-1135},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2003.809261},
Keywords = {Mirrors;Insertion losses;Microelectromechanical
devices;Light propagation;Diffraction gratings;Optical
design;Optical instrument lenses;Rayleigh scattering;Optical
coatings;},
Abstract = {This letter describes a 238 × 238 beam-steering optical
cross connect constructed using surface micromachined
mirrors. Its innovative optical configuration resulted in
superior optical performance, achieving a mean
fiber-to-fiber insertion loss of 1.33 dB and a maximum
insertion loss for all 56 644 connections of 2
dB.},
Doi = {10.1109/LPT.2003.809261},
Key = {03187452077}
}
@article{7756291,
Author = {Jin, S and Mavoori, H and Kim, J and Aksyuk, VA},
Title = {Control of microelectromechanical systems membrane curvature
by silicon ion implantation},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {83},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2321-2323},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {0003-6951},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1611639},
Keywords = {elemental semiconductors;gold;integrated circuit
metallisation;ion implantation;micro-optics;micromechanical
devices;micromirrors;silicon;},
Abstract = {A study was performed on control of microelectromechanical
systems (MEMS) membrane curvature by silicon ion
implantation. The Si+ ion implantations were applied at dose
levels of 0.4-5×1016/cm 2 into the gold metallization layer
to reduce the mirror curvature. It was found that the
curvature change as well as the temperature dependence were
dependent on the implantation dose.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1611639},
Key = {7756291}
}
@article{03297551364,
Author = {Kozhevnikov, M and Basavanhally, NR and Weld, JD and Low, YL and Kolodner, P and Bolle, CA and Ryf, R and Papazian, AR and Olkhovets, A and Pardo, F and Kim, J and Neilson, DT and Aksyuk, VA and Gates,
JV},
Title = {Compact 64 × 64 micromechanical optical cross
connect},
Journal = {IEEE Photonics Technology Letters},
Volume = {15},
Number = {7},
Pages = {993-995},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {1041-1135},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2003.813408},
Keywords = {Composite micromechanics;Micromachining;Mirrors;Arrays;Optical
fibers;Fourier transforms;},
Abstract = {This letter describes a 64 × 64 beam steering optical cross
connect constructed using surface micromachined mirrors. It
used a curved mirror as a Fourier transform element and to
fold the optical system. Both micromechanical switches
mirror arrays are fabricated on a single chip and packaged
in a single package. The switch fabric size, at 100 × 120
× 20 mm, is compatible with mounting on a standard circuit
card. The cross connect achieves a mean fiber-to-fiber
insertion loss of 1.9 dB.},
Doi = {10.1109/LPT.2003.813408},
Key = {03297551364}
}
@article{fds264625,
Author = {Ryf, R and Neilson, DT and Kolodner, PR and Kim, J and Hickey, JP and Carr,
D and Aksyuk, V and Greywall, DS and Pardo, F and Bolle, C and Frahm, R and Basavanhally, NR and Ramsey, DA and George, R and Kraus, J and Lichtenwalner, C and Papazian, R and Nuzman, C and Weiss, A and Kumar,
B and Lieuwen, D and Gates, J and Shea, HR and Gasparyan, A and Lifton, VA and Prybyla, JA and Goyal, S and Ruel, R and Nijander, C and Arney, S and Bishop, DJ and Giles, CR and Pau, S and Mansfield, WM and Jin, S and Lai,
WY and Barr, DL and Cirelli, RA and Bogart, GR and Teffeau, K and Vella, R and Ramirez, A and Klemens, FP and Liu, JQ and Rosamilia, JM and Soh, HT and Lee, TC},
Title = {Multi-service optical node based on low-losers MEMS optical
crossconnect switch},
Journal = {Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, Technical Digest
Series},
Volume = {70},
Pages = {410-411},
Year = {2002},
Abstract = {A multi-service node based on an optical
microelectromechanical (MEMS) crossconnect switch with 1.33
dB mean loss was demonstrated. Low loss optical switches
could be combined with other optical components to build
highly adaptable multiservice devices. A flexible Add/Drop
multiplexer was implemented by connecting the output ports
of two 16-channel freespace grating-based demultiplexing to
switch ports.},
Key = {fds264625}
}
@inproceedings{02517278614,
Author = {Aksyuk, VA and Arney, S and Basavanhally, NR and Bishop, DJ and Bolle,
CA and Chang, CC and Frahm, R and Gasparyan, A and Gates, JV and George, R and Giles, CR and Kim, J and Kolodner, PR and Lee, TM and Neilson, DT and Nijander, C and Nuzman, CJ and Paczkowski, M and Papazian, AR and Ryf,
R and Shea, H and Simon, ME},
Title = {238×238 surface micromachined optical crossconnect with 2dB
maximum loss},
Journal = {Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, Technical Digest
Series},
Volume = {70},
Pages = {FB91-FB93},
Address = {Anaheim, CA, United States},
Year = {2002},
Keywords = {Optical switches;Optical fibers;Micromachining;Mirrors;Microlenses;},
Abstract = {A microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based 238 x 238
micromachined optical crossconnect switch was discussed. The
switch utilizes surface micromachined two-axis tilt mirrors
which exhibit a curvature-induced loss of < 0.3 dB. Two
fiber arrays with attached collimating microlenses were used
to project and receive beams from two 2-dimensional arrays
of two-axis electrostatic micromirrors. The mean
fiber-to-fiber insertion loss of the fabric was found to be
1.33 dB and the maximum insertion loss to be 2
dB.},
Key = {02517278614}
}
@article{fds264627,
Author = {Kim, J and Papazian, AR and Frahm, RE and Gates, JV},
Title = {Performance of large scale MEMS-based optical crossconnect
switches},
Journal = {Conference Proceedings - Lasers and Electro-Optics Society
Annual Meeting-LEOS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {411-412},
Year = {2002},
Abstract = {A three-dimensional MEMS optical crossconnect (OXC) switch
fabric is described. The fabric design has two critical
performance characteristics, one is the insertion loss and
loss variation across possible connections, and another is
the stability of optical connections over time. The
technology is scaleable to much larger size switch
fabrics.},
Key = {fds264627}
}
@inproceedings{7167731,
Author = {Ryf, R and Kim, J and Hickey, JP and Gnauck, A and Carr, D and Pardo, F and Bolle, C and Frahm, R and Basavanhally, N and Yoh, C and Ramsey, D and Bole, R and George, R and Kraus, J and Lichtenwalner, C and Papazian, R and Gates, J and Shea, HR and Gasparyan, A and Muratov, V and Griffith, JE and Prybyla, JA and Goyal, S and White, CD and Lin, MT and Ruel, R and Nijander, C and Arney, S and Neilson, DT and Bishop, DJ and Kolodner, P and Pau, S and Nuzman, C and Wels, A and Kumar, B and Lieuwen, D and Aksyuk, V and Greywall, DS and Lee, TC and Soh, HT and Mansfield, WM and Jin, S and Lai,
WY and Huggins, HA and Barr, DL and Cirelli, RA and Bogart, GR and Teffeau,
K and Vella, R and Mavoori, H and Ramirez, A and Ciampa, NA and Klemens,
FP and Morris, MD and Boone, T and Liu, JQ and Rosamilia, JM and Giles,
CR},
Title = {1296-port MEMS transparent optical crossconnect with
2.07Petabit/s switch capacity},
Journal = {Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, Technical Digest
Series},
Volume = {54},
Number = {4},
Pages = {PD28/1-PD28/3},
Address = {Anaheim, CA, USA},
Year = {2001},
ISBN = {1557526540},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2001.927572},
Keywords = {micro-optics;micromechanical devices;optical
crosstalk;optical fibre losses;optical fibre
networks;transparency;wavelength division
multiplexing;},
Abstract = {A 1296-port MEMS transparent optical crossconnect with
5.1dB+/-1.1dB insertion loss at 1550nm is reported. Measured
worst-case optical crosstalk in a fabric was ñ38dB and
nominal switching rise/fall times were 5msec. A
2.07Petabit/s switch capacity was verified upon
cross-connecting a forty-channel by 40Gb/s DWDM data stream
through a prototype fabric.},
Key = {7167731}
}
@inproceedings{02287012762,
Author = {Ryf, R and Bernasconi, P and Kolodner, P and Kim, J and Hickey, JP and Carr, D and Pardo, F and Bolle, C and Frahm, R and Basavanhally, N and Yoh,
C and Ramsey, D and George, R and Kraus, J and Lichtenwalner, C and Papazian, R and Gates, J and Shea, HR and Gasparyan, A and Muratov, V and Griffith, JE and Prybyla, JA and Goyal, S and White, CD and Lin, MT and Ruel, R and Nijander, C and Arney, S and Neilson, DT and Bishop, DJ and Pau, S and Nuzman, C and Weis, A and Kumar, B and Lieuwen, D and Aksyuk, V and Greywall, DS and Lee, TC and Soh, HT and Mansfield, WM and Jin, S and Lai,
WY and Huggins, HA and Barr, DL and Cirelli, RA and Bogart, GR and Teffeau,
K and Vella, R and Mavoori, H and Ramirez, A and Ciampa, NA and Klemens,
FP and Morris, MD and Boone, T and Liu, JQ and Rosamilia, JM and Giies,
CK},
Title = {Scalable wavelength-selective crossconnect switch based on
MEMS and planar waveguides},
Journal = {European Conference on Optical Communication,
ECOC},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {76-77},
Address = {Amsterdam},
Year = {2001},
Keywords = {Optical switches;Microelectromechanical devices;Waveguides;Diffraction
gratings;Microlenses;Silicon wafers;Mirrors;Silicon on
insulator technology;Demultiplexing;Crosstalk;Routers;},
Abstract = {A 72×72 wavelength-selective crossconnect switch that was
scalable to 1296×1296 with available planar waveguide and
MEMS technology, was demonstrated. Silica-on-silicon
wavelength multiplexers with integrated monitoring taps and
a MEMS micromirror array were assembled in a hybrid three
dimensional beam steering crossconnects. The switch operated
penalty free at 10 Gbit/s and provided integrated power
monitoring taps.},
Key = {02287012762}
}
@article{6693233,
Author = {Benson, O and Kim, J and Kan, H and Yamamoto, Y},
Title = {Simultaneous Coulomb blockade for electrons and holes in p-n
junctions: observation of Coulomb staircase and turnstile
operation},
Journal = {Physica E: Low-Dimensional Systems and Nanostructures},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-12},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {1386-9477},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1386-9477(00)00123-5},
Keywords = {aluminium compounds;Coulomb blockade;gallium arsenide;III-V
semiconductors;mesoscopic systems;Monte Carlo methods;p-n
junctions;resonant tunnelling;semiconductor quantum
wells;},
Abstract = {The Coulomb blockade effect in a mesoscopic double-barrier
p-i-n junction is reported. The electron and hole injection
into the central QW of a p-n junction is achieved via
resonant tunneling. We present a theoretical model that
describes the device operation. When the device is biased
with a constant voltage source the model predicts the
observation of Coulomb staircase in the current-voltage
characteristics. When an additional square wave modulation
signal is applied, turnstile operation is achieved. The
experimental evidence for Coulomb staircase effect and
turnstile operation is presented.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1386-9477(00)00123-5},
Key = {6693233}
}
@inproceedings{6807787,
Author = {Kim, J and Bolle, CA and Boie, RA and Gates, JV and Ramirez, AG and Jin, S and Bishop, DJ},
Title = {Integration and packaging of MEMS relays},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {4019},
Pages = {333-341},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Address = {Paris, France},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.382263},
Keywords = {chip scale packaging;contact resistance;electrostatic
actuators;flip-chip devices;microassembling;micromachining;relays;},
Abstract = {Micromachined relays provide switching solutions that are
advantageous over existing technology in many aspects of
device performance. In order to fully benefit from the MEMS
solution in switching, however, a general integration
strategy to various integrated circuit (IC) electronics
needs to be developed. We describe the design and test of
such an integration scheme utilizing flip-chip bonding of
MEMS relays onto another substrate carrying the remainder of
the circuitry. Individual devices consist of cantilever-like
mechanical structure carrying a mobile electrode that is
electrostatically actuated. The presence of a second
substrate in the flip-chip bonded geometry provides the
unique possibility of placing electrostatic actuators on
both sides of the cantilever, thereby allowing active
turn-on and turn-off of the relay device. The fabricated
relays show switching time as short as 10 μs, actuation
voltages as low as 25 V, on-state DC resistance as low as 2
Ω and open-state DC resistance as large as 1013 Ω. The
device is assembled and packaged using a single-step
flip-chip bonding process. Upon flip-chip bonding, the MEMS
devices are completely enclosed in a small cavity between
the two substrates that is sealed by a ring-type solder
seal. Such technique provides the opportunity for the
integrated chip to be further packaged using conventional
cost-effective packaging techniques.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.382263},
Key = {6807787}
}
@inproceedings{7245598,
Author = {Oliver, WD and Liu, RC and Kim, J and Maitre, X and Di Carlo and L and Yamamoto, Y},
Title = {Quantum electron optics and its applications},
Journal = {Quantum Mesoscopic Phenomena and Mesoscopic Devices in
Microelectronics},
Pages = {457-466},
Address = {Ankara, Turkey},
Year = {2000},
Keywords = {electron correlations;electron optics;electron-phonon
interactions;mesoscopic systems;quantum interference
phenomena;},
Abstract = {We present two recent experiments that use current
fluctuation measurements to probe the second-order electron
correlation function (fourth-order in wavefunction
amplitude): an intensity interferometry experiment called
the Hanbury Brown and Twiss (1956) experiment, and an
electron collision experiment. Finally, we discuss how these
two experiments can be used to characterize the unique
behavior of Bell's state entangled electrons in a proposed
electron bunching experiment. Throughout the paper, we
consider only ballistic systems, in which the inelastic
phonon scattering and the elastic ionized impurity
scattering lengths axe much longer than the characteristic
size of the system at cryogenic temperatures (typically 1.5
K in our experiments). The screening length (typically
λsc≈5 nm) is assumed to be much smaller than the
Fermi wavelength (typically λF≈40 mn) so that
Coulomb interactions can be neglected. We assume ideal
thermal reservoirs, independent transport channels, and
transmission probabilities independent of the applied bias
voltage. This approach directly follows the coherent
scattering formalism},
Key = {7245598}
}
@article{99044646399,
Author = {Takeuchi, S and Kim, J and Yamamoto, Y and Hogue,
HH},
Title = {Development of a high-quantum-efficiency single-photon
counting system},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {74},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1063-1065},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0003-6951},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123482},
Abstract = {A high-quantum-efficiency single-photon counting system has
been developed. In this system, single photons were detected
by a visible light photon counter operated at 6.9 K. The
visible light photon counter is a solid state device that
makes use of avalanches across a shallow impurity conduction
band in silicon. Threefold tight shielding and viewports
that worked as infrared blocking filters were used to
eliminate the dark count caused by room-temperature
radiation. Corrected quantum efficiencies as high as
88.2%±5% (at 694 nm) were observed, which we believe is the
highest reported value for a single-photon detector. The
dark count increased as the exponential of the quantum
efficiency with changing temperature or bias voltage, and
was 2.0×104 cps at the highest quantum efficiency. © 1999
American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.123482},
Key = {99044646399}
}
@article{04057923563,
Author = {Kim, J and Takeuchi, S and Yamamoto, Y and Hogue,
HH},
Title = {Multiphoton detection using visible light photon
counter},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {74},
Number = {7},
Pages = {902-904},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0003-6951},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123404},
Abstract = {Visible light photon counters feature noise-free avalanche
multiplication and narrow pulse height distribution for
single photon detection events. Such a well-defined pulse
height distribution for a single photon detection event,
combined with the fact that the avalanche multiplication is
confined to a small area of the whole detector, opens up the
possibility for the simultaneous detection of two photons.
In this letter, we investigated this capability using twin
photons generated by parametric down conversion, and present
a high quantum efficiency (∼47%) detection of two photons
with good time resolution (∼2 ns), which can be
distinguished from a single-photon incidence with a small
bit-error rate (∼0.63%). © 1999 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.123404},
Key = {04057923563}
}
@article{6213271,
Author = {Kim, J and Benson, O and Kan, H and Yamamoto, Y},
Title = {A single-photon turnstile device},
Journal = {Nature},
Volume = {397},
Number = {6719},
Pages = {500-503},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0028-0836},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/17295},
Keywords = {Coulomb blockade;mesoscopic systems;p-n junctions;quantum
interference phenomena;quantum optics;semiconductor quantum
wells;},
Abstract = {Quantum-mechanical interference between indistinguishable
quantum particles profoundly affects their arrival time and
counting statistics. Photons from a thermal source tend to
arrive together (bunching) and their counting distribution
is broader than the classical Poisson limit. Electrons from
a thermal source, on the other hand, tend to arrive
separately (anti- bunching) and their counting distribution
is narrower than the classical Poisson limit. Manipulation
of quantum-statistical properties of photons with various
non-classical sources is at the heart of quantum optics:
features normally characteristic of fermions - such as
anti-bunching, sub-poissonian and squeezing (sub-shot-noise)
behaviours - have now been demonstrated. A single-photon
turnstile device was proposed to realize an effect similar
to conductance quantization. Only one electron can occupy a
single state owing to the Pauli exclusion principle and, for
an electron waveguide that supports only one propagating
transverse mode, this leads to the quantization of
electrical conductance the conductance of each propagating
mode is then given by G(Q) = e2/h (where e is the charge of
the electron and h is Planck's constant; ref. 9). Here we
report experimental progress towards generation of a similar
flow of single photons with a well regulated time
interval.},
Doi = {10.1038/17295},
Key = {6213271}
}
@article{6421268,
Author = {Oliver, WD and Kim, J and Liu, RC and Yamamoto, Y},
Title = {Hanbury Brown and Twiss-type experiment with
electrons},
Journal = {Science (USA)},
Volume = {284},
Number = {5412},
Pages = {299-304},
Publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science
(AAAS)},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.284.5412.299},
Keywords = {beam handling techniques;electron beams;},
Abstract = {Fermion anti-bunching was directly observed by measuring the
cross-covariance of the current fluctuations of partitioned
electrons. A quantum point contact was used to inject
single-mode electrons into a mesoscopic electron beam
splitter device. The beam splitter output currents showed
negative cross-covariance, indicating that the electrons
arrived individually at the beam splitter and were randomly
partitioned into two output channels. As the relative time
delay between the outputs was changed, the observed ringing
in the cross-covariance was consistent with the bandwidths
used to monitor the fluctuations. The result demonstrates a
fermion complement to the Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiment
for photons},
Doi = {10.1126/science.284.5412.299},
Key = {6421268}
}
@inproceedings{6208507,
Author = {Yamamoto, Y and Kim, J and Benson, O and Kan, H},
Title = {Single photonics: Turnstile device and solid-state
photomultiplier},
Journal = {Technical Digest - European Quantum Electronics
Conference},
Pages = {172-},
Address = {San Francisco, CA, USA},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IQEC.1998.680349},
Keywords = {aluminium compounds;gallium arsenide;III-V
semiconductors;molecular beam epitaxial growth;p-n
heterojunctions;photomultipliers;semiconductor
growth;},
Abstract = {Two single-photonic devices are presented. A single-photon
turnstile device is based on the simultaneous
Coulomb-blockade effect for electrons and holes in a
mesoscopic, double-barrier, pn-tunnel junction. By
periodically modulating the bias voltage between electron
and hole resonant tunneling, a single electron and a single
hole can periodically be injected into the central island,
followed by single-photon emission. A solid-state
photomultiplier (SSPM) utilizes the impact ionization of
shallow As donor levels in Si as the multiplication
mechanism. A SSPM, combined with a cold GaAs cascode
amplifier that operates at 4 K, achieves single-photon
detection with high quantum efficiency, high gain, and short
response time.},
Key = {6208507}
}
@article{fds304883,
Author = {Kim, J and Benson, O and Kan, H and Yamamoto, Y},
Title = {Single-photon turnstile device: Simultaneous Coulomb
blockade for electrons and holes},
Journal = {Semiconductor Science and Technology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {8 SUPPL. A},
Pages = {A127-A129},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/13/8A/037},
Abstract = {Utilizing simultaneous Coulomb blockade for electrons and
holes in a p-n junction, we can realize a device where a
single electron and a single hole are injected into the
active region to produce a single photon with well-regulated
time interval. The photons emitted from such a device can be
studied with single photon counting detectors using a Si
solid-state photomultiplier. We report locking of the photon
emission with external driving pulse, in the regime where
one electron and one hole are injected into the active
region on the average. © 1998 IOP Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0268-1242/13/8A/037},
Key = {fds304883}
}
@article{5608009,
Author = {Kim, J and Yamamoto, Y},
Title = {Theory of noise in p-n junction light emitters},
Journal = {Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials
Physics},
Volume = {55},
Number = {15},
Pages = {9949-9959},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {0163-1829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.55.9949},
Keywords = {carrier density;current fluctuations;light emitting
diodes;semiconductor device models;semiconductor
lasers;superconducting device noise;},
Abstract = {The intensity noise of light generated by semiconductor
lasers and light-emitting diodes is treated by semiclassical
Langevin equations. An independent equation for the junction
voltage dynamics is considered, and the non-Markoffian
nature of the pump current is decomposed into Markoffian
carrier injection and a regulation mechanism due to charging
effect at the junction. The intensity noise power spectrum
and squeezing bandwidth predicted by these equations agree
well with recent experimental results. External current
noise generated as a result of the internal noise process
and subsequent relaxation process is calculated. Also,
correlations between the carrier-number fluctuation and the
junction-voltage fluctuation, and between the emitted photon
flux fluctuation and the junction-voltage fluctuation are
studied in detail.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevb.55.9949},
Key = {5608009}
}
@article{5596507,
Author = {Kim, J and Yamamoto, Y and Hogue, HH},
Title = {Noise-free avalanche multiplication in Si solid state
photomultipliers},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {70},
Number = {21},
Pages = {2852-2854},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {0003-6951},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119022},
Keywords = {avalanche breakdown;elemental semiconductors;impact
ionisation;impurity states;photodetectors;photomultipliers;semiconductor
device noise;silicon;},
Abstract = {Si solid state photomultipliers utilize impact ionization of
shallow impurity donor levels to create an avalanche
multiplication when triggered by a photoexcited hole. The
distribution of pulse height from a single photon detection
event shows narrow dispersion, which implies that the
avalanche multiplication process in these devices is
inherently noise-free. We have measured the excess noise
factor using two different techniques, digital pulse height
analysis and analog noise power measurement. The results
demonstrate nearly noise-free avalanche multiplication
accomplished in these devices. © 1997 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.119022},
Key = {5596507}
}
@inproceedings{5771511,
Author = {Yamamoto, Y and Liu, R and Kim, J and Imamoǵlu, A},
Title = {Electron and photon noise suppression in mesoscopic systems
- How to teach noisy photons to follow quiet
electrons},
Journal = {Materials Science and Engineering B},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {19-25},
Address = {Karuizawa, Japan},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {0921-5107},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5107(97)00075-5},
Keywords = {digital simulation;light emitting diodes;mesoscopic
systems;Monte Carlo methods;semiconductor device
noise;semiconductor lasers;tunnelling;},
Abstract = {Principles of squeezed state generation in semiconductor
lasers and light emitting diodes (LEDs) are discussed. Shot
noise suppression in electron transport in macroscopic
conductors is ultimately due to Pauli exclusion principle
for fermion particles, electrons. Shot noise suppression in
electron injection in macroscopic pn junctions originates
from collective Coulomb blockade effect for changed
particles, electrons. Regulated single photon generation in
mesoscopic pn junctions is also discussed. © 1997 Elsevier
Science S.A.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0921-5107(97)00075-5},
Key = {5771511}
}
@inproceedings{5411826,
Author = {Kim, J and Yamamoto, Y},
Title = {Theory of pump-noise suppression in p-n junction light
emitters},
Journal = {Conference on Quantum Electronics and Laser Science (QELS) -
Technical Digest Series},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {231-232},
Address = {Anaheim, CA, USA},
Year = {1996},
Keywords = {laser theory;light emitting diodes;optical noise;quantum
noise;semiconductor lasers;shot noise;stochastic
processes;},
Abstract = {Pump noise suppression in constant-current driven
semiconductor laser or LED is known to be the key mechanism
in generating sub-Poissonian light from these sources. The
authors have developed a theoretical model that describes
their pumping mechanism. Pumping is considered to be the
injection of carriers into the active layer across the
depletion region. An independent Poisson equation that
describes the junction voltage dynamics is
introduced.},
Key = {5411826}
}
@article{5084581,
Author = {Kim, J and Kan, H and Yamamoto, Y},
Title = {Macroscopic Coulomb-blockade effect in a
constant-current-driven light-emitting diode},
Journal = {Physical Review B},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {2008-2012},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0163-1829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.52.2008},
Keywords = {capacitance;light emitting diodes;optical squeezing;quantum
interference phenomena;},
Abstract = {The intensity squeezing bandwidth of a light-emitting diode
was measured as functions of a driving current, junction
capacitance, and operation temperature. It was found that
the squeezing bandwidth was linearly proportional to the
current and inversely proportional to the capacitance and
the temperature in a low current regime. The experimental
results provide evidence for a pump-noise-suppression
mechanism in a constant-current-driven p-n junction due to a
''macroscopic Coulomb blockade effect'' [A. Imamoḡlu and
Y. Yamamoto, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 3327 (1993)]. © 1995 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.52.2008},
Key = {5084581}
}
@inproceedings{94111440099,
Author = {Kim, J and Richardson, WH and Yamamoto, Y},
Title = {Influence of Coulomb blockade effects on the squeezing
bandwidth of semiconductor lasers},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Quantum Electronics
Conference (IQEC'94)},
Pages = {172-173},
Address = {Anaheim, CA, USA},
Year = {1994},
Keywords = {Light emission;Interference suppression;Light
interference;Heterojunctions;Efficiency;Light emitting
diodes;Silicon sensors;Light amplifiers;Electric
currents;Spectroscopy;Pumping (laser);Capacitance;},
Abstract = {The discovery of Coulomb blockade effects revised the noise
models of several mesoscopic and macroscopic devices. To
check the proper noise model for p-n junction, the bandwidth
is measured over which the external field amplitude
fluctuation of a semiconductor laser is reduced to below the
standard quantum limit. For macroscopic p-i-n junction, the
noise of the injected electron stream is sub-Poissonian only
at frequencies below that given by the inverse of the
thermionic emission line. This shows that optical squeezing
bandwidth of semiconductor lasers and LEDs will be limited
by rate of thermionic injection at high temperature and
small current.},
Key = {94111440099}
}
@article{fds323528,
Author = {Kim, C and Kim, W and Shin, H and Rhee, K and Chung, H and Kim,
J},
Title = {Combined hierarchical placement algorithm for row-based
layouts},
Journal = {Electronics Letters},
Volume = {29},
Number = {17},
Pages = {1508-1510},
Publisher = {Institution of Engineering and Technology
(IET)},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19931005},
Abstract = {A hierarchical placement algorithm which combines mincut
partitioning and simulated annealing has been developed. The
objective of mincut partitioning is to minimise the number
of crossing nets, while the objective of placement by
simulated annealing is usually to minimise the total
estimated wire length. The combined placement algorithm can
optimise both the routing density and the estimated wire
length. For efficiency, the placement is performed using
multiple levels of hierarchy in the top-down direction.
Several standard-cell and sea-of-gates (SOG) circuits are
placed using this algorithm and promising results are
obtained. © 1993, The Institution of Electrical Engineers.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1049/el:19931005},
Key = {fds323528}
}
%% Papers Accepted
@article{fds374225,
Author = {Aikyo, Y and Sun, K and Ranawat, K and Vrijsen, G and Kim,
J},
Title = {Sympathetic Cooling of Trapped Yb+ Ion Chain},
Journal = {2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO
2023},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781957171258},
Abstract = {We explore sympathetic cooling as a mechanism to cool the
motion of an ion chain without disturbing their qubit
states. A narrow linewidth transition in a different isotope
is used to implement the cooling process.},
Key = {fds374225}
}
@article{fds374918,
Author = {Van Horn and A and Gabaldon, H and Kim, J and Brown,
KR},
Title = {Control Infrastructure for Near-Term Long-Chain
QCCD},
Journal = {Proceedings - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum
Computing and Engineering, QCE 2023},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {357-358},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9798350343236},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/QCE57702.2023.10280},
Abstract = {Here, we propose a modular framework for representing and
generating voltage solutions for near-term ion trap devices.
Voltage graphs are separated into individual segments
interconnected by shuttling paths through junctions managed
by a Finite State Machine (FSM). This representation then
maps onto a modular hardware architecture capable of driving
up to 24 96-channel segments at 10MSPS with 10,000 voltage
lines per channel. Multi-channel synchronous DACs denoted as
'Arbitrary Path Generators' (APG) store the electrode
voltages corresponding to each voltage line in a lookup
table and execute path traversal sequences. A segment
controller then directs the APG to execute a specific
shuttling sequence as defined by the graph. Lastly, a trap
controller is used to coordinate actions among multiple
segments. We also explore the efficient generation and
simulation of trap solutions for long-chain
systems.},
Doi = {10.1109/QCE57702.2023.10280},
Key = {fds374918}
}
@article{fds368310,
Author = {Riesebos, L and Bondurant, B and Whitlow, J and Kim, J and Kuzyk, M and Chen, T and Phiri, S and Wang, Y and Fang, C and Horn, AV and Brown,
KR},
Title = {Modular software for real-time quantum control
systems},
Journal = {Proceedings - 2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum
Computing and Engineering, QCE 2022},
Pages = {545-555},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781665491136},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00077},
Abstract = {Real-time control software and hardware is essential for
operating quantum computers. In particular, the software
plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between quantum
programs and the quantum system. Unfortunately, current
control software is often optimized for a specific system at
the cost of flexibility and portability. We propose a
systematic design strategy for modular real-time quantum
control software and demonstrate that modular control
software can reduce the execution time overhead of kernels
by 63.3% on average while not increasing the binary size.
Our analysis shows that modular control software for two
distinctly different systems can share between 49.8% and
91.0% of covered code statements. To demonstrate the
modularity and portability of our software architecture, we
run a portable randomized benchmarking experiment on two
different ion-trap quantum systems.},
Doi = {10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00077},
Key = {fds368310}
}
@article{fds359915,
Author = {Wang, Y and Crain, S and Fang, C and Zhang, B and Leung, PH and Huang, S and Liang, Q and Brown, KR and Kim, J},
Title = {High-fidelity two-qubit gates using a MEMS-based beam
steering system for individual qubit addressing},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557528209},
Abstract = {We realize and characterize high fidelity Mølmer-Sørensen
gates in chains of up to four 171Yb+ ions using radial
modes. The individual qubits are controlled by two
addressing beams, which are steered using micro-fabricated
tilting mirrors.},
Key = {fds359915}
}
@article{fds359916,
Author = {Kim, J and Chen, T and Whitlow, J and Phiri, S and Bondurant, B and Kuzyk,
M and Crain, S and Brown, K},
Title = {Hardware design of a trapped-ion quantum computer for
software-tailored architecture for quantum co-design (STAQ)
project},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557528209},
Abstract = {We present the hardware design of a trapped-ion quantum
computer for 32 fully-connected 171Yb+ hyperfine qubits. The
system is engineered for optomechanical stability to ensure
high performance quantum gates utilizing a low vibration
cryostat.},
Key = {fds359916}
}
@article{fds349921,
Author = {Nicolich, KL and Cahall, C and Islam, NT and Lafyatis, GP and Kim, J and Miller, AJ and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Universal turn-on dynamics of superconducing nanowire
single-photon detectors},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Volume = {Part F165-QIM 2019},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781943580569},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/QIM.2019.T5A.80},
Abstract = {We model the turn-on dynamics of superconducting nanowire
single-photon detectors (SNSPDs), predicting that the rising
edge of the readout signal encodes photon number, nanowire
length and detector bias current, and experimentally verify
these predictions.},
Doi = {10.1364/QIM.2019.T5A.80},
Key = {fds349921}
}
@article{fds337692,
Author = {Cahall, C and Nicolich, KL and Islam, NT and Lafyatis, GP and Miller,
AJ and Gauthier, DJ and Kim, J},
Title = {Photon-Number Resolution in Conventional Superconducting
Nanowire Single-photon Detectors: Experimental
Demonstration},
Journal = {2018 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2018 -
Proceedings},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781943580422},
Abstract = {We present the first experimental evidence of photon number
resolution in a conventional superconducting nanowire
single-photon detector. The photon-number-dependent
resistance reflected in the rise-time of output pulses is
detected using a wideband, low-noise read-out
circuit.},
Key = {fds337692}
}
@article{fds337734,
Author = {Nicolich, KL and Cahall, C and Islam, NT and Lafyatis, GP and Kim, J and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Photon-Number Resolution in Conventional Superconducting
Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors: Theoretical
Predictions},
Journal = {2018 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2018 -
Proceedings},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781943580422},
Abstract = {We demonstrate theoretically that a conventional
single-pixel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector
can resolve photon number by sensing changes in the rising
edge of the electrical readout pulse.},
Key = {fds337734}
}
@article{fds337735,
Author = {Islam, NT and Lim, CCW and Cahall, C and Qi, B and Kim, J and Gauthier,
DJ},
Title = {High-rate Time-bin Quantum Key Distribution Using
Quantum-controlled Measurement},
Journal = {2018 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2018 -
Proceedings},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781943580422},
Abstract = {We realize a time-bin qudit-based quantum key distribution
system that uses two-photon interference for measuring the
phase-basis states, allowing us to generate a secret key at
a megabits-per-second rate.},
Key = {fds337735}
}
@article{fds337319,
Author = {Nicolich, KL and Cahall, C and Islam, NT and Lafyatis, GP and Kim, J and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Photon-number resolution in conventional superconducting
nanowire single-photon detectors: Theoretical
predictions},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Volume = {Part F92-CLEO_AT 2018},
Publisher = {OSA},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781943580422},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/CLEO_AT.2018.JTh2A.8},
Abstract = {We demonstrate theoretically that a conventional
single-pixel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector
can resolve photon number by sensing changes in the rising
edge of the electrical readout pulse.},
Doi = {10.1364/CLEO_AT.2018.JTh2A.8},
Key = {fds337319}
}
@article{fds335954,
Author = {Islam, NT and Lim, CCW and Cahall, C and Qi, B and Kim, J and Gauthier,
DJ},
Title = {High-rate time-bin quantum key distribution using
quantum-controlled measurement},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Volume = {Part F93-CLEO_QELS 2018},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781943580422},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/CLEO_QELS.2018.FTu3G.3},
Abstract = {We realize a time-bin qudit-based quantum key distribution
system that uses two-photon interference for measuring the
phase-basis states, allowing us to generate a secret key at
a megabits-per-second rate.},
Doi = {10.1364/CLEO_QELS.2018.FTu3G.3},
Key = {fds335954}
}
@article{fds335955,
Author = {Cahall, C and Nicolich, KL and Islam, NT and Lafyatis, GP and Miller,
AJ and Gauthier, DJ and Kim, J},
Title = {Photon-number resolution in conventional superconducting
nanowire single-photon detectors: Experimental
demonstration},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Volume = {Part F93-CLEO_QELS 2018},
Publisher = {OSA},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781943580422},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/CLEO_QELS.2018.FW3F.2},
Abstract = {We present the first experimental evidence of photon number
resolution in a conventional superconducting nanowire
single-photon detector. The photon-number-dependent
resistance reflected in the rise-time of output pulses is
detected using a wideband, low-noise read-out
circuit.},
Doi = {10.1364/CLEO_QELS.2018.FW3F.2},
Key = {fds335955}
}
@article{fds333542,
Author = {Allen, S and Kim, J and Moehring, DL and Monroe, CR},
Title = {Reconfigurable and programmable ion trap quantum
computer},
Journal = {2017 IEEE International Conference on Rebooting Computing,
ICRC 2017 - Proceedings},
Volume = {2017-January},
Pages = {1-3},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9781538615539},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICRC.2017.8123665},
Abstract = {We present progress on the construction and operation of a
room-temperature quantum computer built with trapped atomic
ion qubits. Based on the technological underpinnings of
atomic clocks that define time, atomic qubits are standards
of quantum information because they are all identical. They
present a fundamentally scalable approach to quantum
computation where interactions can be faithfully replicated
and measured with near-perfect efficiency. Moreover, the
connection among atomic ion qubits are forged from external
laser beams and mediated by the Coulomb repulsion between
them, and hence behave as a fully reconfigurable quantum
circuit, much like an FPGA in classical computation. We
further discuss paths to scaling using demonstrated
technologies that are unique to this class of quantum
computation devices. This flexibility will likely allow ion
trap quantum computers to express the superset of all known
quantum computation operations, and thus efficiently target
any type of application that arises.},
Doi = {10.1109/ICRC.2017.8123665},
Key = {fds333542}
}
@article{fds330569,
Author = {Kim, J and Crain, S and Fang, C and Joseph, J and Maunz,
P},
Title = {Enabling trapped ion quantum computing with MEMS
technology},
Journal = {International Conference on Optical MEMS and
Nanophotonics},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9781538607374},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/OMN.2017.8051444},
Abstract = {Practical-scale quantum computing using trapped atomic ions
requires non-conventional integration technologies in
mechanical and optical domains. We present the design and
operation of our system where MEMS technology provides
critical enabling components.},
Doi = {10.1109/OMN.2017.8051444},
Key = {fds330569}
}
@article{fds330570,
Author = {Li, L and Muralidharan, S and Zou, CL and Albert, VV and Kim, J and Lütkenhaus, N and Lukin, MD and Girvin, SM and Jiang,
L},
Title = {Optimized architectures for long distance quantum
communication},
Journal = {Summer Topicals Meeting Series, SUM 2017},
Pages = {149-150},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781509065707},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PHOSST.2017.8012694},
Abstract = {Efficient long distance quantum communication with quantum
repeaters is discussed. We show that quantum repeater
protocols can be classified into three generations, each
performs optimally in different parameter regimes. The
application of cat codes as a single-mode encoding to
one-way quantum repeaters is analyzed.},
Doi = {10.1109/PHOSST.2017.8012694},
Key = {fds330570}
}
@article{fds330033,
Author = {Islam, NT and Cahall, C and Aragoneses, A and Lim, CCW and Allman, MS and Verma, V and Nam, SW and Kim, J and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Discrete-variable time-frequency quantum key
distribution},
Journal = {2016 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO
2016},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781943580118},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_qels.2016.fth3c.3},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a setup for realizing a four-dimensional
time-frequency quantum key distribution protocol, where
discrete temporal states are secured using discrete
frequency states. The high-dimensional frequency states are
detected using a tree of passively stabilized time-delay
interferometers.},
Doi = {10.1364/cleo_qels.2016.fth3c.3},
Key = {fds330033}
}
@article{fds324103,
Author = {Cahall, CT and Gauthier, DJ and Kim, J},
Title = {Cryogenic amplifiers for a superconducting nanowire single
photon detector system},
Journal = {2016 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO
2016},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781943580118},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2016.jtu5a.26},
Abstract = {We study an electrical readout scheme for superconducting
nanowire single photon detectors using commercial
off-the-shelf amplifiers operating at cryogenic
temperatures. Low power consumption and improved noise
performance enable multichannel readout circuit solution
with high timing resolution.},
Doi = {10.1364/cleo_at.2016.jtu5a.26},
Key = {fds324103}
}
@article{fds324104,
Author = {Islam, NT and Cahall, C and Aragoneses, A and Lim, CCW and Allman, MS and Verma, V and Nam, SW and Kim, J and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Enhancing the secure key rate in a quantum-key-distribution
system using discrete-variable, high-dimensional,
time-frequency states},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {9996},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781510603967},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2241429},
Abstract = {High-dimensional (dimension d > 2) quantum key distribution
(QKD) protocols that encode information in the temporal
degree of freedom promise to overcome some of the challenges
of qubit-based (d = 2) QKD systems. In particular, the long
recovery time of single-photon detectors and large channel
noise at long distance both limit the rate at which a final
secure key can be generated in a low-dimension QKD system.
We propose and demonstrate a practical discrete-variable
time-frequency protocol with d = 4 at a wavelength of 1550
nm, where the temporal states are secured by transmitting
and detecting their dual states under Fourier
transformation, known as the frequency-basis states,
augmented by a decoy-state protocol. We show that the
discrete temporal and frequency states can be generated and
detected using commercially-available equipment with high
timing and spectral efficiency. In our initial experiments,
we only have access to detectors that have low efficiency
(1%) at 1550 nm. Together with other component losses, our
system is equivalent to a QKD system with ideal components
and a 50-km-long optical-fiber quantum channel. We find that
our system maintains a spectral visibility of over 99.0%
with a quantum bit error rate of 2.3%, which is largely due
to the finite extinction ratio of the intensity modulators
used in the transmitter. The estimated secure key rate of
this system is 7.7×104 KHz, which should improve
drastically when we use detectors optimized for 1550
nm.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.2241429},
Key = {fds324104}
}
@article{fds365855,
Author = {Islam, NT and Cahall, C and Aragoneses, A and Lim, CCW and Allman, MS and Verma, V and Nam, SW and Kim, J and Gauthier, DJ},
Title = {Discrete-variable time-frequency quantum key
distribution},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557528209},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a setup for realizing a four-dimensional
time-frequency quantum key distribution protocol, where
discrete temporal states are secured using discrete
frequency states. The high-dimensional frequency states are
detected using a tree of passively stabilized time-delay
interferometers.},
Key = {fds365855}
}
@article{fds365856,
Author = {Cahall, CT and Gauthier, DJ and Kim, J},
Title = {Cryogenic Amplifiers for a Superconducting Nanowire Single
Photon Detector System},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557528209},
Abstract = {We study an electrical readout scheme for superconducting
nanowire single photon detectors using commercial
off-the-shelf amplifiers operating at cryogenic
temperatures. Low power consumption and improved noise
performance enable multichannel readout circuit solution
with high timing resolution.},
Key = {fds365856}
}
@article{fds323305,
Author = {Crain, S and Mount, E and Baek, SY and Kim, J and Maunz,
P},
Title = {Application of OMEMS technology in trapped ion quantum
computing},
Journal = {International Conference on Optical MEMS and
Nanophotonics},
Volume = {02-05-August-2015},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9781467368346},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/OMN.2015.7288890},
Abstract = {Scalability is one of the main challenges of trapped ion
based quantum computation, partly limited by the ability to
manipulate the increasing number of quantum bits (qubits).
For individual addressing of qubits, microelectromechanical
systems (MEMS) technology allows one to design movable
micromirrors to focus laser beams on individual ions and
steer the focal point in two dimensions. This system is able
to scale to multiple beams, has switching speeds comparable
to typical single qubit gate times, and has negligible
crosstalk on neighboring ions.},
Doi = {10.1109/OMN.2015.7288890},
Key = {fds323305}
}
@article{fds323306,
Author = {Ahsan, M and Kim, J},
Title = {Optimization of quantum computer architecture using a
resource-performance simulator},
Journal = {Proceedings -Design, Automation and Test in Europe,
DATE},
Volume = {2015-April},
Pages = {1108-1113},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9783981537048},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7873/date.2015.0318},
Abstract = {The hardware technology characterized by the device
parameters (DPs) often drives the architectural optimization
in a novel computer design such as the quantum computer. We
highlight the role of DPs by quantifying the performance of
a fully error-corrected 1024-bit quantum carry look-ahead
adder on a modular, reconfigurable architecture based on
trapped ions. We develop a simulation tool that estimates
the performance and resource requirements for running a
quantum circuit on various quantum architectures as a
function of the underlying DPs. Using this tool, we found
that (1) the latency of the adder circuit execution due to
slow entanglement generation process for qubit communication
can be adequately eliminated with a small increase in
entangling qubits, and (2) the failure probability of the
circuit is ultimately determined by the qubit coherence
time, which needs to be improved in order to reliably
execute the adders comprising core of the Shor's
algorithm.},
Doi = {10.7873/date.2015.0318},
Key = {fds323306}
}
@article{fds349749,
Author = {Kim, J and Mount, E and Baek, SY and Crain, S and Gaultney, D and Noek, R and Vrijsen, G and van Rynbach, A and Ahn, BH and Hudek, K and Isabella, L and Maunz, P},
Title = {Scalable quantum information processing with trapped
ions},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557529954},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/qim.2014.qw4b.3},
Abstract = {We present a scalable approach to quantum information
processing utilizing trapped ions and photons. Ions trapped
in microfabricated surface traps provide a practical
platform for realizing quantum networks of distributed
computing nodes and quantum repeaters. © OSA
2014.},
Doi = {10.1364/qim.2014.qw4b.3},
Key = {fds349749}
}
@article{fds350878,
Author = {Vrijsen, G and Gaultney, D and Hudek M. and KM and Isabella, L and Kim,
J},
Title = {Measuring the photonic frequency qubit generated by an
171yb+ ion in a surface
trap},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557529992},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_qels.2014.fth3b.2},
Abstract = {We propose a novel qubit state measurement method for
photonic frequency qubits using a Mach-Zehnder
interferometer with unequal path lengths. A practical
implementation for photons generated by 171Yb+ ions in a
surface trap is described. © 2014 Optical Society of
America.},
Doi = {10.1364/cleo_qels.2014.fth3b.2},
Key = {fds350878}
}
@article{fds264605,
Author = {Son, HS and Marks, DL and Youn, SH and Brady, DJ and Kim,
J},
Title = {Alignment and assembly strategies for AWARE-10
gigapixel-scale cameras},
Journal = {OPTOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2013},
Volume = {8836},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2013},
ISBN = {9780819496867},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000325488100010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Gigapixel cameras using lens arrays can contain hundreds to
thousands of precisely positioned optical components and
thus require fast, reliable methods for optical assembly and
alignment verification. Our first one-gigapixel prototype
camera (AWARE-2) and our four-gigapixel camera currently
under development (AWARE-10) need active alignment and
performance measurement procedures during assembly to ensure
high quality images. Here we describe the methods that we
have developed to ensure proper positioning of all optical
components in the AWARE-10 system and the resulting
optomechanical design decisions. AWARE cameras employ a
single monocentric objective lens that is shared by an array
of smaller "micro-cameras", each composed of a set of
smaller scale lenses. In AWARE-10, approximately two
thousand pieces of individual optics must be aligned to a
high level of accuracy in order to attain the desired
optical resolution over four gigapixels. To guarantee proper
alignment before final assembly, the objective lens and the
micro-optics are checked separately. Using tools including
auto-stigmatic microscopy, slanted edge MTF measurements,
and flat field measurements, we can confirm the correct
alignment of individual components before assembly.
Optomechanical designs that incorporate the application of
these alignment tools are described. © 2013 Copyright
SPIE.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.2023370},
Key = {fds264605}
}
@article{fds264574,
Author = {Son, HS and Marks, DL and Tremblay, E and Ford, JE and Hahn, J and Stack,
RA and Johnson, A and McLaughlin, P and Shaw, JM and Kim, J and Brady,
DJ},
Title = {A multiscale, wide field, gigapixel camera},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557529145},
Abstract = {Recent investigations into high pixel count imaging using
multiscale optics have led to a novel optical design for a
wide field, gigapixel camera. We review the mechanical
design and optical performance of this imager. © 2011
OSA.},
Key = {fds264574}
}
@article{fds349922,
Author = {Son, HS and Marks, DL and Tremblay, E and Ford, JE and Hahn, J and Stack,
RA and Johnson, A and McLaughlin, P and Shaw, JM and Kim, J and Brady,
DJ},
Title = {A multiscale, wide field, gigapixel camera},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557529145},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cosi.2011.jtue2},
Abstract = {Recent investigations into high pixel count imaging using
multiscale optics have led to a novel optical design for a
wide field, gigapixel camera. We review the mechanical
design and optical performance of this imager. © 2011
OSA.},
Doi = {10.1364/cosi.2011.jtue2},
Key = {fds349922}
}
@article{fds350879,
Author = {Noek, R and Migacz, J and Knoernschild, C and Kim, T and Kim,
J},
Title = {Enhanced light collection from a point fluorescent source
using multiscale optics},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557528780},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2009.fwr4},
Abstract = {We have demonstrated enhancement of point source light
collection by a factor of 18 over a traditional f/2.55
imaging system (~17%) across a 15 mm object space by
integrating a high numerical aperture micromirror. © 2009
Optical Society of America.},
Doi = {10.1364/fio.2009.fwr4},
Key = {fds350879}
}
@article{fds319197,
Author = {Kim, C and Lee, J-Y and Peumans, P and Kim, J},
Title = {Surface Plasmon Polariton Assisted Organic Solar
Cells},
Journal = {CLEAN TECHNOLOGY 2008: BIO ENERGY, RENEWABLES, GREEN
BUILDING, SMART GRID, STORAGE, AND WATER},
Pages = {166-169},
Publisher = {CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP},
Editor = {Laudon, M and Romanowicz, B and Laird, DL},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-1-4200-8502-0},
Key = {fds319197}
}
@article{fds349923,
Author = {Kim, J and Knoernschild, CW and Kim, C and Migacz, J and McKay, KS and Lu,
F},
Title = {Optical MEMS technology for scalable quantum information
processor},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557528612},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2008.ftuf2},
Abstract = {We describe microsystems approach to realizing a scalable
quantum information processor in trapped ions and atoms. A
flexible, MEMS-based beam steering system is demonstrated
that enables random access of qubits in a 2D array. © 2008
Optical Society of America.},
Doi = {10.1364/fio.2008.ftuf2},
Key = {fds349923}
}
@article{fds351209,
Author = {McKay, KS and Lu, F and Kim, J and Hogue, HH},
Title = {Compact high quantum efficiency single photon detector in
the ultraviolet wavelengths},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557528469},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2007.jtub4},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a high quantum efficiency single photon
detector with operating wavelength extended into the
ultraviolet range (250nm-1μm). Quantum efficiency of 6% is
demonstrated at 300 nm, with estimated internal efficiency
of 24%. © 2007 Optical Society of America.},
Doi = {10.1364/fio.2007.jtub4},
Key = {fds351209}
}
@article{fds366283,
Author = {Huettel, L and Coonley, K and Gustafson, M and Kim, J and Ybarra, G and Collins, L},
Title = {Experiment, explore, design: A sensor-based introductory ECE
laboratory},
Journal = {ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference
Proceedings},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {A new introductory course, Fundamentals of Electrical and
Computer Engineering (ECE), has been designed to provide a
rigorous, integrated introduction to the ECE field. The
course laboratory, described in this paper, both promotes
concept integration and provides a mechanism by which
students can explore applications. Consistent with the
curricular theme of Integrated Sensing and Information
Processing (ISIP), a microcontroller-based robotic platform
that includes a suite of sensors was selected as the
foundation of all laboratory exercises. To develop both the
students' conceptual understanding and their design skills,
each laboratory session includes an initial, guided
experimental component, in which basic concepts are
investigated, and a subsequent open-ended exploration
component, during which students are challenged to design a
robot that completes a real-world task. After students
complete a series of eight such laboratory sessions, the
experience culminates in a five-week Integrated Design
Challenge (IDC). To successfully complete the IDC, students
have to go beyond the knowledge developed in previous weekly
laboratory activities, assimilating new knowledge and using
new sensors or processing data in new ways. The IDC is
structured to not only emphasize technical accomplishments,
but also to promote the development of project management,
team organization, and communication skills. This paper
elaborates on the philosophy behind the design of the
laboratory experience, describes specific laboratory
activities (including the IDC), and provides an assessment
of the course based on data from several semesters. These
data indicate that the more integrative, design-oriented,
sensor-based approach benefits students in a variety of ways
such as reinforcing fundamental concepts, motivating the
study of ECE, and providing an opportunity to develop
creative problem solving skills. In addition, the laboratory
experience has been shown to have a significant positive
impact on the achievement of several ABET criteria. ©
American Society for Engineering Education,
2007.},
Key = {fds366283}
}
@article{fds264656,
Author = {Huettel, L and Coonley, K and Gustafson, M and Kim, J and Ybarra, G and Collins, L},
Title = {Experiment, explore, design: A sensor-based introductory ECE
laboratory},
Journal = {ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference
Proceedings},
Year = {2007},
Abstract = {A new introductory course, Fundamentals of Electrical and
Computer Engineering (ECE), has been designed to provide a
rigorous, integrated introduction to the ECE field. The
course laboratory, described in this paper, both promotes
concept integration and provides a mechanism by which
students can explore applications. Consistent with the
curricular theme of Integrated Sensing and Information
Processing (ISIP), a microcontroller-based robotic platform
that includes a suite of sensors was selected as the
foundation of all laboratory exercises. To develop both the
students' conceptual understanding and their design skills,
each laboratory session includes an initial, guided
experimental component, in which basic concepts are
investigated, and a subsequent open-ended exploration
component, during which students are challenged to design a
robot that completes a real-world task. After students
complete a series of eight such laboratory sessions, the
experience culminates in a five-week Integrated Design
Challenge (IDC). To successfully complete the IDC, students
have to go beyond the knowledge developed in previous weekly
laboratory activities, assimilating new knowledge and using
new sensors or processing data in new ways. The IDC is
structured to not only emphasize technical accomplishments,
but also to promote the development of project management,
team organization, and communication skills. This paper
elaborates on the philosophy behind the design of the
laboratory experience, describes specific laboratory
activities (including the IDC), and provides an assessment
of the course based on data from several semesters. These
data indicate that the more integrative, design-oriented,
sensor-based approach benefits students in a variety of ways
such as reinforcing fundamental concepts, motivating the
study of ECE, and providing an opportunity to develop
creative problem solving skills. In addition, the laboratory
experience has been shown to have a significant positive
impact on the achievement of several ABET criteria. ©
American Society for Engineering Education,
2007.},
Key = {fds264656}
}
@article{fds264657,
Author = {Huettel, L and Brown, A and Collins, L and Coonley, K and Gustafson, M and Kim, J and Ybarra, G},
Title = {A novel introductory course for teaching the fundamentals of
electrical and computer engineering},
Journal = {ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference
Proceedings},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) department at
Duke University is undergoing extensive curriculum revisions
incorporating both new content and organization and
innovative teaching methods. The cornerstone of the new
curriculum is a theme-based introductory course entitled
Fundamentals of ECE. To introduce students to the major
areas of ECE in their first year of study, this course has
been organized around three concepts: 1) how to interface
with the physical world, 2) how to transfer/transmit
energy/information, and 3) how to extract/analyze/interpret
information. Other goals include illustrating how various
areas of ECE contribute to the design and functioning of an
entire system, emphasizing the relevance of course material
to realworld applications, and capturing the students'
imagination and creativity. To achieve these goals, the
course adopts a unifying theme, tightly couples lecture and
laboratory exercises, and includes a laboratory experience
that emphasizes design, integration, and real applications.
The course content and laboratory exercises were developed
iteratively such that each component supported the other,
rather than one being dominant and driving the other. A
robotic platform was selected as the foundation of the
laboratory experience. This platform enables the exploration
of a broad range of ECE concepts, both independently and
integrated into an entire system, is flexible, to encourage
creative solutions, is capable of being applied to
real-world challenges, and is easily connected to the
curricular theme. This paper describes the curricular
objectives and key course elements which guided the
development of this course, the process by which the course
was created, and the resulting content and structure. ©
American Society for Engineering Education,
2006.},
Key = {fds264657}
}
@article{fds349924,
Author = {Kim, J and Kim, C and Knoernschild, CW and Liu, B and McKay,
KS},
Title = {Integrated optics technology for ion trap based large-scale
quantum information processor},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781557528186},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2006.fwq5},
Abstract = {Realizing ion trap based large-scale quantum information
processor requires integrated optics technologies. We design
and characterize basic optical beam steering system using
micromirrors as a first step towards constructing
high-quality functional integrated optics. © 2005 Optical
Society of America.},
Doi = {10.1364/fio.2006.fwq5},
Key = {fds349924}
}
@inproceedings{05319271476,
Author = {Collins, LM and Huettel, LG and Brown, AS and Ybarra, GA and Holmes, JS and Board, JA and Cummer, SA and Gustafson, MR and Kim, J and Massoud,
HZ},
Title = {Theme-based redesign of the duke university ECE curriculum:
The first steps},
Journal = {ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference
Proceedings},
Pages = {14313-14326},
Address = {Portland, OR, United States},
Year = {2005},
Keywords = {Students;Curricula;Planning;Data processing;Electronic
equipment;Benchmarking;},
Abstract = {Undergraduates in Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE)
at Duke University have benefited from the combination of
curricular flexibility and rigorous coursework. The current
curriculum is further limited in that the core courses do
not offer a vertically integrated thematic introduction to
ECE as a discipline nor are they reflective of the broader
scope of ECE field of study. The course has streamlined
structure, which is consistent with an educational theme.
Results from Educational BEnchmark Inc. (EBI) survey of
students confirmed that they too perceive the oppurtinities
for improvement in curriculum.},
Key = {05319271476}
}
@article{fds323307,
Author = {Gasparyan, A and Shea, H and Arney, S and Aksyuk, V and Simon, ME and Pardo, F and Chan, HB and Kim, J and Gates, J and Kraus, JS and Goyal, S and Carr, D and Kleiman, R},
Title = {Drift-Free, 1000 G mechanical shock tolerant single-crystal
silicon two-axis MEMS tilting mirrors in a 1000x1000-port
optical crossconnect},
Journal = {Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, Technical Digest
Series},
Volume = {2003-January},
Pages = {PD36.1-PD36.3},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1557527466},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2003.316014},
Abstract = {We report drift-free two-axis tilting MEMS mirrors
fabricated from single crystal silicon. These micromirrors
survive 1000 G mechanical shocks and exhibit angular
stability better than 4 millidegrees under simulated office
vibrations. Two hermetically sealed mirror arrays were used
to build a low-loss nonblocking 1000x1000-port optical
cross-connect switch.},
Doi = {10.1109/OFC.2003.316014},
Key = {fds323307}
}
@inproceedings{7581603,
Author = {Ryf, R and Neilson, DT and Kolodner, PR and Kim, J and Hickey, JP and Carr,
D and Aksyuk, V and Greywall, DS and Pardo, F and Bolle, C and Frahm, R and Basavanhally, NR and Ramsey, DA and George, R and Kraus, J and Lichtenwalner, C and Papazian, R and Nuzman, C and Weiss, A and Kumar,
B and Lieuwen, D and Gates, J and Shea, HR and Gasparyan, A and Lifton, VA and Prybyla, JA and Goyal, S and Ruel, R and Nijander, C and Arney, S and Bishop, DJ and Giles, CR and Pau, S and Mansfield, WM and Jin, S and Lai,
WY and Barr, DL and Cirelli, RA and Bogart, GR and Teffeau, K and Vella, R and Ramirez, A and Klemens, FP and Liu, JQ and Rosamilia, JM and Soh, HT and Lee, TC},
Title = {Multi-service Optical Node Based on Low-Loss MEMS Optical
Crossconnect Switch},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Volume = {vol.1},
Pages = {410-411},
Address = {Anaheim, CA, USA},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1557527008},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036450},
Keywords = {equalisers;micro-optics;micromechanical devices;microswitches;multiplexing
equipment;optical losses;optical switches;telecommunication
channels;},
Abstract = {In summary, a multi-service node based on an optical MEMS
crossconnect switch with 1.33 dB mean loss has been
demonstrated. While a simple 16-wavelength,
channel-equalizing add/drop multiplexer was demonstrated as
a possible node configuration, a broad range of new
functions can be implemented by connecting conventional and
different optical components to the low-loss crossconnect
switch},
Key = {7581603}
}
@inproceedings{7596833,
Author = {Aksyuk, V.A. and Arney, S. and Basavanhally, N.R. and Bishop, D.J. and Bolle, C.A. and Chang, C.C. and Frahm, R. and Gasparyan, A. and Gates, J.V. and George, R. and Giles,
C.R. and Kim, J. and Kolodner, P.R. and Lee, T.M. and Neilson, D.T. and Nijander, C. and Nuzman, C.J. and Paczkowski, M. and Papazian, A.R. and Ryf, R. and Shea, H. and Simon, M.E.},
Title = {238×238 surface micromachined optical crossconnect
with 2dB maximum loss},
Journal = {Optical Fiber Communications Conference. (OFC).
Postconference Technical Digest. Postdeadline Papers (IEEE
Cat. No.02CH37339)},
Volume = {vol.2},
Pages = {9 - 1},
Address = {Anaheim, CA, USA},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036769},
Keywords = {beam steering;micro-optics;micromachining;micromechanical
devices;mirrors;optical communication equipment;optical
fibre losses;optical interconnections;optical
switches;},
Abstract = {A fully provisioned 238×238 beam-steering optical
crossconnect constructed using surface micromachined mirrors
is described. The mean fiber-to-fiber insertion loss of the
fabric is 1.33dB and the maximum insertion loss is
2dB},
Key = {7596833}
}
@article{fds376558,
Author = {Ryf, R and Kim, J and Hickey, JP and Gnauck, A and Carr, D and Pardo, F and Bolle, C and Frahm, R and Basavanhally, N and Yoh, C and Ramsey, D and Boie, R and George, R and Kraus, J and Lichtenwalner, C and Papazian, R and Gates, J and Shea, HR and Gasparyan, A and Muratov, V and Griffith, JE and Prybyla, JA and Goyal, S and White, CD and Lin, MT and Ruel, R and Nijander, C and Arney, S and Neilson, DT and Bishop, DJ and Kolodner, P and Pau, S and Nuzman, C and Weis, A and Kumar, B and Lieuwen, D and Aksyuk, V and Greywall, DS and Lee, TC and Soh, HT and Mansfield, WM and Jin, S and Lai,
WY and Huggins, HA and Barr, DL and Cirelli, RA and Bogart, GR and Teffeau,
K and Vella, R and Mavoori, H and Ramirez, A and Ciampa, NA and Klemens,
FP and Morris, MD and Boone, T and Liu, JQ and Rosamilia, JM and Giles,
CR},
Title = {1296-port MEMS Transparent Optical CrossConnect with
2.07Petabit/s Switch Capacity},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {A 1296-port MEMS transparent optical crossconnect with
5.1dB+/-1.1dB insertion loss at 1550nm is reported. Measured
worst-case optical crosstalk in a fabric was h38dB and
nominal switching rise/fall times were 5msec. A
2.07Petabit/s switch capacity was verified upon
cross-connecting a forty-channel by 40Gb/s DWDM data stream
through a prototype fabric.},
Key = {fds376558}
}
@inproceedings{7431699,
Author = {Ryf, R. and Bernasconi, P. and Kolodner, P. and Kim, J. and Hickey, J.P. and Carr, D. and Pardo, F. and Bolle, C. and Frahm, R. and Basavanhally, N. and Yoh, C. and Ramsey, D. and George, R. and Kraus, J. and Lichtenwalner, C. and Papazian, R. and Gates, J. and Shea, H.R. and Gasparyan, A. and Muratov, V. and Griffith, J.E. and Prybyla, J.A. and Goyal, S. and White, C.D. and Lin, M.T. and Ruel, R. and Nijander, C. and Amey, S. and Neilson, D.T. and Bishop, D.J. and Pau, S. and Nuzman, C. and Weis, A. and Kumar, B. and Lieuwen, D. and Aksyuk, V. and Greywall, D.S. and Lee, T.C. and Soh, H.T. and Mansfield, W.M. and Jin, S. and Lai, W.Y. and Huggins, H.A. and Barr, D.L. and Cirelli, R.A. and Bogart, G.R. and Teffeau, K. and Vella, R. and Mavoori, H. and Ramirez, A. and Ciampa, N.A. and Klemens, F.P. and Morris, M.D. and Boone, T. and Liu, J.Q. and Rosamilia, J.M. and Giies, C.R.},
Title = {Scalable wavelength-selective crossconnect switch based on
MEMS and planar waveguides},
Journal = {Proceedings - Post-Deadline Papers. 27th European Conference
on Optical Communication (Cat. No.01TH8551)},
Volume = {vol.6},
Pages = {76 - 7},
Address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ECOC.2001.989057},
Keywords = {micro-optics;micromechanical devices;mirrors;multiplexing
equipment;optical arrays;optical planar waveguides;photonic
switching systems;silicon-on-insulator;},
Abstract = {A 72×72 wavelength-selective crossconnect switch, that
is scalable to 1296×1296 with current technology, is
presented. Silica-on-silicon wavelength multiplexers with
integrated monitoring taps and a MEMS micromirror array were
assembled in a hybrid 3D beam steering crossconnect having
20 dB insertion loss, 100 GHz channel spacing and 30 GHz
passbands},
Key = {7431699}
}
@article{99034597454,
Author = {Benson, O and Kim, J and Santori, C and Yamamoto,
Y},
Title = {Single Photon Turnstile Device},
Journal = {Optics InfoBase Conference Papers},
Volume = {397},
Number = {6719},
Pages = {24-26},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1557525862},
ISSN = {0028-0836},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/17295},
Abstract = {Quantum-mechanical interference between indistinguishable
quantum particles profoundly affects their arrival time and
counting statistics. Photons from a thermal source tend to
arrive together (bunching) and their counting distribution
is broader than the classical Poisson limit. Electrons from
a thermal source, on the other hand, tend to arrive
separately (anti-bunching) and their counting distribution
is narrower than the classical Poisson limit. Manipulation
of quantum-statistical properties of photons with various
non-classical sources is at the heart of quantum optics:
features normally characteristic of fermions - such as
anti-bunching, sub-poissonian and squeezing (sub-shot-noise)
behaviours - have now been demonstrated. A single-photon
turnstile device was proposed to realize an effect similar
to conductance quantization. Only one electron can occupy a
single state owing to the Pauli exclusion principle and, for
an electron waveguide that supports only one propagating
transverse mode, this leads to the quantization of
electrical conductance: the conductance of each propagating
mode is then given by G<sub>Q</sub> = e<sup>2</sup>/h (where
e is the charge of the electron and h is Planck's constant;
ref. 9). Here we report experimental progress towards
generation of a similar flow of single photons with a well
regulated time interval.},
Key = {99034597454}
}
@inproceedings{98074270947,
Author = {Yamamoto, Y. and Kim, J. and Benson, O. and Kan,
H.},
Title = {Single photonics: Turnstile device and solid-state
photomultiplier},
Journal = {IQEC, International Quantum Electronics Conference
Proceedings},
Pages = {172 -},
Address = {San Francisco, CA, USA},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IQEC.1998.680349},
Keywords = {Semiconductor junctions;Tunnel junctions;Electron
tunneling;Electron resonance;Photomultipliers;Ionization;Semiconducting
silicon;Semiconducting gallium arsenide;Amplifiers
(electronic);Quantum efficiency;Photons;},
Abstract = {Two single-photonic devices are presented. A single-photon
turnstile device is based on the simultaneous
Coulomb-blockade effect for electrons and holes in a
mesoscopic, double-barrier, pn-tunnel junction. By
periodically modulating the bias voltage between electron
and hole resonant tunneling, a single electron and a single
hole can periodically be injected into the central island,
followed by single-photon emission. A solid-state
photomultiplier (SSPM) utilizes the impact ionization of
shallow As donor levels in Si as the multiplication
mechanism. A SSPM, combined with a cold GaAs cascode
amplifier that operates at 4 K, achieves single-photon
detection with high quantum efficiency, high gain, and short
response time.},
Key = {98074270947}
}
@inproceedings{5765860,
Author = {Liu, R. and Odom, B. and Kim, J. and Yamamoto, Y. and Tarucha, S.},
Title = {Partition noise in mesoscopic devices-experiments in quantum
electron optics},
Journal = {23rd International Conference on the Physics of
Semiconductors},
Volume = {vol.3},
Pages = {2399 - 402},
Address = {Berlin, Germany},
Year = {1996},
Keywords = {mesoscopic systems;quantum interference devices;quantum
interference phenomena;quantum optics;random
noise;},
Abstract = {Recent improvements in the sensitivity of noise measurements
make it possible to consider performing novel quantum
electron optics types of experiments in mesoscopic physics.
We discuss the progress towards measuring a quantum
interference effect arising from the indistinguishability of
the carriers rather than their wave nature. Such an
experiment requires the development of a single mode
electron beam splitter, a device which we have recently
fabricated},
Key = {5765860}
}