%% Papers Published
@article{fds152135,
Author = {S.A. Bass and C. Gale and A. Majumder and C. Nonaka and G.Y. Qin and T.
Renk and J. Ruppert},
Title = {Systematic Comparison of Jet Energy-Loss Schemes in a 3D
hydrodynamic medium},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {104064},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/35/10/104064},
Key = {fds152135}
}
@article{fds152134,
Author = {M. Asakawa and S.A. Bass and B. Mueller and C.
Nonaka},
Title = {Transverse Rapidity Dependence of the Proton-Antiproton
Ratio as a Signature of the QCD Critical
Endpoint},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {101},
Pages = {122302},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e122302},
Key = {fds152134}
}
@article{fds139497,
Author = {C. Nonaka and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Space-time evolution of bulk QCD matter},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {75},
Pages = {014902},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0607018},
Key = {fds139497}
}
@article{fds139499,
Author = {T. Renk and J. Ruppert and C. Nonaka and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Jet-quenching in a 3D hydrodynamic medium},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {75},
Pages = {031902},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0611027},
Key = {fds139499}
}
@article{fds152133,
Author = {G.Y. Qin and J. Ruppert and S. Turbide and C. Gale and C. Nonaka and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Radiative jet energy loss in a three-dimensional
hydrodynamical medium and high $p_T$ azimuthal asymmetry of
pi-zero suppression at mid and forward rapidity at
RHIC},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {76},
Pages = {064907},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://arXiv.org/abs/0705.2575},
Key = {fds152133}
}
@article{fds139507,
Author = {M. Asakawa and S.A. Bass and B. Mueller},
Title = {Anomalous Viscosity of an Expanding Quark-Gluon-Plasma},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {34},
Pages = {S839},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://arXiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0702007},
Key = {fds139507}
}
@article{fds139504,
Author = {A. Majumder and C. Nonaka and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Jet modification in three dimensional fluid dynamics at
next-to-leading twist},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {76},
Pages = {041902},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://arXiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0703019},
Key = {fds139504}
}
@article{fds139510,
Author = {S.A. Bass},
Title = {Photon Production in the Parton Casade Model},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {783},
Pages = {367},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds139510}
}
@article{fds139501,
Author = {A. Majumder and B. Mueller and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Longitudinal Broadening of Quenched Jets in Turbulent Color
Fields},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {99},
Pages = {042301},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0611135},
Key = {fds139501}
}
@article{fds139509,
Author = {S.A. Bass and T. Renk and J. Ruppert and C. Nonaka},
Title = {Hard and Soft Probe-Medium Interactions in a 3D Hydro+Micro
Approach at RHIC},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {34},
Pages = {S979},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://arXiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0702079},
Key = {fds139509}
}
@article{fds50774,
Author = {S.A. Bass},
Title = {SQM 2006: Theory Summary and Perspectives},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {S15-S27},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0607056},
Key = {fds50774}
}
@article{fds50775,
Author = {M. Asakawa and S.A. Bass and B. Mueller},
Title = {Anomalous Transport Processes in Anisotropically Expanding
Quark-Gluon Plasmas},
Journal = {Prog. Theor. Phys.},
Volume = {116},
Pages = {725-755},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0608270},
Key = {fds50775}
}
@article{fds50773,
Author = {M. Asakawa and S.A. Bass and B. Mueller},
Title = {Anomalous Viscosity of an Expanding Quark-Gluon
Plasma},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {96},
Pages = {252301},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0603092},
Key = {fds50773}
}
@article{fds50770,
Author = {S.A. Bass and R.J. Fries and B. Mueller},
Title = {Correlations in the parton recombination
model},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Volume = {774},
Pages = {635-638},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0510084},
Key = {fds50770}
}
@article{fds50771,
Author = {C. Nonaka and S.A. Bass},
Title = {3D Hydro+Cascade Model at RHIC},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Volume = {774},
Pages = {873-876},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0510038},
Key = {fds50771}
}
@article{fds50772,
Author = {T. Renk and S.A. Bass and D.K. Srivastava},
Title = {Dynamics of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal Effect in Au+Au
Collisions at 200 AGeV},
Journal = {Physics Letters B},
Volume = {632},
Pages = {632-637},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0505059},
Key = {fds50772}
}
@article{fds42898,
Author = {S.A. Bass},
Title = {What do we learn from strangeness at RHIC?},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {S733-S740},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds42898}
}
@article{fds42899,
Author = {C. Nonaka and B. Mueller and S.A. Bass and R.J. Fries and M.
Asakawa},
Title = {Recombination + fragmentation at RHIC: elliptic
flow},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {S429-S435},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds42899}
}
@article{fds41299,
Author = {B. Mueller and R.J. Fries and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Thermal Recombination: Beyond the Valence Quark
Approximation},
Journal = {Physics Letters B},
Volume = {618},
Pages = {77},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0503003},
Key = {fds41299}
}
@article{fds41297,
Author = {R.J. Fries and S.A. Bass and B. Mueller},
Title = {Correlated Emission of Hadrons from Recombination of
Correlated Partons},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {94},
Pages = {122301},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Spring},
Abstract = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0407102},
Key = {fds41297}
}
@article{fds41298,
Author = {C. Nonaka and B. Mueller and S.A. Bass and M. Asakawa},
Title = {Possible Resolution of the D-Paradox},
Journal = {Physical Review C, Rapid Communication},
Volume = {71},
Pages = {051901},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0501028},
Key = {fds41298}
}
@article{fds41302,
Author = {D.Y. Chang and S.A. Bass and D.K. Srivastava},
Title = {Perturbative dynamics of strangeness production at
RHIC},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {S1005},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds41302}
}
@article{fds28285,
Author = {S.A. Bass and B. Mueller and D.K. Srivastava},
Title = {Photon Interferometry of Au + Au Collisions at the BNL
Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {93},
Pages = {162301},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
Abstract = {We calculate the two-body correlation function of direct
photons produced in central Au + Au collisions at the
Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. Our calculation includes
contributions from the early preequilibrium phase in which
photons are produced via hard parton scatterings as well as
radiation of photons from a thermalized quark-gluon plasma
and the subsequent expanding hadron gas. We find that high
energy photon interferometry provides a faithful probe of
the details of the space-time evolution and of the early
reaction stages of the system. ©2004 The American Physical
Society},
Key = {fds28285}
}
@article{fds28275,
Author = {E. L. Bratkovskaya and M. Bleicher and M. Reiter and S. Soff and H.
Stoecker, M. van Leeuwen and S.A. Bass and W. Cassing},
Title = {Strangeness dynamics and transverse pressure in relativistic
nucleus-nucleus collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {69},
Pages = {054907},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
Abstract = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0402026},
Key = {fds28275}
}
@article{fds28278,
Author = {S.A. Bass and D.K. Srivastava and B. Mueller},
Title = {RHIC Physics with the Parton Cascade Model},
Journal = {J. Phys. G.},
Volume = {30},
Pages = {S1283-S1286},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
Abstract = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0403033},
Key = {fds28278}
}
@article{fds28282,
Author = {Daphne Y. Chang and S.A. Bass and D.K. Srivastava},
Title = {Strangeness Production at RHIC in the Perturbative
Regime},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {30},
Pages = {L7-L15},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
Abstract = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0403034},
Key = {fds28282}
}
@article{fds28298,
Author = {C. Nonaka and S.A. Bass and M. Asakawa},
Title = {Charge Fluctuation Observables at RHIC},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {30},
Pages = {S243-S249},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds28298}
}
@article{fds28269,
Author = {R. J. Fries and B. Muller and C. Nonaka and S. A.
Bass},
Title = {Hadronization in heavy ion collisions: recombination or
fragmentation?},
Journal = {J. Phys.G},
Volume = {30},
Pages = {S223-S228},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0305079},
Abstract = {We show that hadron production in relativistic heavy ion
collisions at transverse momenta larger than 2 GeV/c can be
explained by the competition of two different hadronization
mechanisms. Above 5 GeV/c hadron production can be described
by fragmentation of partons that are created perturbatively.
Below 5 GeV/c recombination of partons from the dense and
hot fireball dominates. This can explain some of the
surprising features of RHIC data like the constant
baryon-to-meson ratio of about one and the small nuclear
suppression for baryons between 2 to 4 GeV/c.},
Key = {fds28269}
}
@article{fds28272,
Author = {C. Nonaka and B. Mueller and M. Asakawa and S.A. Bass and R.J.
Fries},
Title = {Elliptic flow of resonances at RHIC: Probing final state
interactions and the structure of resonances},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {69},
Pages = {031902},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
Abstract = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0312081},
Key = {fds28272}
}
@article{fds28268,
Author = {C. Nonaka and R.J. Fries and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Elliptic flow of multi-strange particles: fragmentation,
recombination and hydrodynamics},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {583},
Pages = {73-78},
Year = {2004},
Month = {February},
url = {http:////arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0308051},
Abstract = {We study the elliptic flow $v_2$ of multi-strange hadrons
such as the $\phi$, $\Xi$ and $\Omega$ as a function of the
transverse momentum in the recombination and fragmentation
model and compare to a standard hydrodynamic calculation. We
find that the measurement of $v_2$ for the $\phi$ and
$\Omega$ will allow for the unambiguous distinction between
parton recombination and conventional hydrodynamics as the
source of the elliptic flow.},
Key = {fds28268}
}
@article{fds14076,
Author = {Steffen A. Bass and Berndt Müller and Dinesh K.
Srivastava},
Title = {Transverse momentum distribution of net baryon number at
RHIC},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {29},
Pages = {L51-L58},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0307027},
Abstract = {We calculate the transverse momentum distribution of net
quarks (quarks minus antiquarks) in Au+Au collisions at the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in the framework of the
parton cascade model at two different rapidities. Parton
re-scattering and fragmentation is seen to lead to a
substantial difference in the slopes of these distributions
between mid- and forward-rapidities, in qualitative
agreement with the corresponding data for the net baryon
distribution.},
Key = {fds14076}
}
@article{fds14075,
Author = {R.J. Fries and B. Muller and C. Nonaka and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Hadron production in heavy ion collisions: Fragmentation and
recombination from a dense parton phase},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {68},
Pages = {044902},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0306027},
Abstract = {We discuss hadron production in heavy ion collisions at
RHIC. We argue that hadrons at transverse momenta P_T < 5
GeV are formed by recombination of partons from the dense
parton phase created in central collisions at RHIC. We
provide a theoretical description of the recombination
process for P_T > 2 GeV. Below P_T = 2 GeV our results
smoothly match a purely statistical description. At high
transverse momentum hadron production is well described in
the language of perturbative QCD by the fragmentation of
partons. We give numerical results for a variety of hadron
spectra, ratios and nuclear suppression factors. We also
discuss the anisotropic flow v_2 and give results based on a
flow in the parton phase. Our results are consistent with
the existence of a parton phase at RHIC hadronizing at a
temperature of 175 MeV and a radial flow velocity of
0.55c.},
Key = {fds14075}
}
@article{fds8518,
Author = {S.A. Bass and B. Müller and D.K. Srivastava},
Title = {Net baryon density in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic
Heavy Ion Collider},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {91},
Pages = {052302},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0212103},
Abstract = {We calculate the net baryon rapidity distribution in Au+Au
collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) in
the framework of the Parton Cascade Model (PCM). Parton
rescattering and fragmentation leads to a substantial
increase in the net baryon density at mid-rapidity over the
density produced by initial primary parton-parton
scatterings. The PCM is able to describe the measured net
baryon density at RHIC.},
Key = {fds8518}
}
@article{fds4330,
Author = {S.A. Bass and B. Müller and D. K. Srivastava},
Title = {Parton rescattering and screening in Au+Au collisions at
RHIC},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {551},
Pages = {277-283},
Year = {2003},
Month = {April},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0207042},
Abstract = {We study the microscopic dynamics of quarks and gluons in
relativistic heavy ion collisions in the framework of the
Parton Cascade Model. We use lowest order perturbative QCD
cross sections with fixed lower momentum cutoff p_0. We
calculate the time-evolution of the Debye-screening mass for
Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV per nucleon pair. The
screening mass is used to determine a lower limit for the
allowed range of p_0. We also determine the energy density
reached through hard and semi-hard processes at RHIC, obtain
a lower bound for the rapidity density of charged hadrons
produced by semihard interactions, and analyze the extent of
perturbative rescattering among partons.},
Key = {fds4330}
}
@article{fds8509,
Author = {S. Soff and S.A. Bass and D.H. Hardtke and S.Y. Panitkin},
Title = {Particle Correlations at RHIC - Scrutiny of a
Puzzle},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Volume = {715},
Pages = {801},
Year = {2003},
Month = {April},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0209055},
Abstract = {We present calculations of two-pion and two-kaon correlation
functions in relativistic heavy ion collisions from a
relativistic transport model that includes explicitly a
first-order phase transition from a thermalized quark-gluon
plasma to a hadron gas. We compare the obtained correlation
radii with recent data from RHIC. The predicted R_side radii
agree with data while the R_out and R_long radii are
overestimated. We also address the impact of in-medium
modifications, for example, a broadening of the rho-meson,
on the correlation radii. In particular, the longitudinal
correlation radius R_long is reduced, improving the
comparison to data.},
Key = {fds8509}
}
@article{fds8516,
Author = {R.J. Fries and S.A. Bass and B. Müller and C.
Nonaka},
Title = {Hadronization in heavy ion collisions: recombination and
fragmentation of partons},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {90},
Pages = {202303},
Year = {2003},
Month = {April},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0301087},
Abstract = {We argue that the emission of hadrons with transverse
momentum up to about 5 GeV/c in central relativistic heavy
ion collisions is dominated by recombination, rather than
fragmentation of partons. This mechanism provides a natural
explanation for the observed constant baryon-to-meson ratio
of about one and the apparent lack of a nuclear suppression
of the baryon yield in this momentum range. Fragmentation
becomes dominant at higher transverse momentum, but the
transition point is delayed by the energy loss of fast
partons in dense matter.},
Key = {fds8516}
}
@article{fds5759,
Author = {S.A. Bass and B. Müller and D.K. Srivastava},
Title = {Light from cascading partons in relativistic heavy ion
collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {90},
Pages = {082301},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0209030},
Abstract = {We calculate the production of high energy photons from
Compton and annihilation processes as well as fragmentation
off quarks in the parton cascade model. The multiple
scattering of partons is seen to lead to a substantial
production of high energy photons, which rises further when
parton multiplication due to final state radiation is
included. The photon yield is found to be proportional to
the number of collisions among the cascading
partons.},
Key = {fds5759}
}
@article{fds4331,
Author = {S.A. Bass and B. Müller and D.K. Srivastava},
Title = {Semihard scattering of partons at SPS and RHIC: A Study in
contrast.},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C, Rapid Communication},
Volume = {66},
Pages = {061902(R)},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0210042},
Abstract = {We analyze the contribution of pQCD based semi-hard parton
(re)scattering to the reaction dynamics of relativistic
heavy-ion collisions at SPS and RHIC. While such processes
are able to account for the measured yield of high momentum
direct photons at SPS energies, the conditions necessary for
jet-quenching are not fulfilled. The situation changes
dramatically at RHIC energies.},
Key = {fds4331}
}
@article{fds3136,
Author = {S. Soff and S.A. Bass and D.H. Hardtke and S.Y. Panitkin},
Title = {(Strange) Meson Interferometry at RHIC},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {28},
Pages = {1885-1894},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0202019},
Abstract = {We make predictions for the kaon interferometry measurements
in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
(RHIC). A first order phase transition from a thermalized
Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) to a gas of hadrons is assumed for
the transport calculations. The fraction of kaons that are
directly emitted from the phase boundary is considerably
enhanced at large transverse momenta K_T ~ 1 GeV/c. In this
kinematic region, the sensitivity of the R_out/R_side ratio
to the QGP-properties is enlarged. Here, the results of the
1-dimensional correlation analysis are presented. The
extracted interferometry radii, depending on $K_T$, are not
unusually large and are strongly affected by momentum
resolution effects.},
Key = {fds3136}
}
@article{fds3137,
Author = {M.J. Bleicher and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Anti-Omega dominance in p p interactions at intermediate
energies},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {28},
Pages = {1965-1969},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds3137}
}
@article{fds3138,
Author = {S.A. Bass},
Title = {Strangeness Production in Microscopic Transport
Models},
Journal = {J. Phys.G},
Volume = {28},
Pages = {1543-1552},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0112046},
Abstract = {Strangeness production in microscopic transport models for
relativistic heavy-ion collisions from SIS to RHIC is
reviewed: after a brief introduction into elementary
strangeness production processes, the main emphasis is put
on strangeness as indicator of the nuclear equation of
state, the excitation function of the $K^+/\pi^+$ ratio and
strangeness as a deconfinement indicator.},
Key = {fds3138}
}
@article{fds3139,
Author = {M. Bleicher and F.M. Liu and A. Keranen and J. Aichelin and S.A. Bass and F. Becattini and K. Redlich and K. Werner},
Title = {Overpopulation of $\bar \Omega$ in pp collisions: a way to
distinguish statistical hadronization from string
dynamics},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {88},
Pages = {202501},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0111187},
Abstract = {The $\bar{\Omega}/\Omega$ ratio originating from string
decays is predicted to be larger than unity in proton proton
interactions at SPS energies ($E_{\rm lab}$=160 GeV). The
anti-omega dominance increases with decreasing beam energy.
This surprising behavior is caused by the combinatorics of
quark-antiquark production in small and low-mass strings.
Since this behavior is not found in a statistical
description of hadron production in proton proton
collisions, it may serve as a key observable to probe the
hadronization mechanism in such collisions.},
Key = {fds3139}
}
@article{fds3142,
Author = {S. Soff and S.A. Bass and D.H. Hardtke and S.Y. Panitkin},
Title = {Kaon Interferometry: A Sensitive Probe of the QCD Equation
of State?},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {88},
Pages = {072301},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0109055},
Abstract = {We calculate the kaon HBT radius parameters for high energy
heavy ion collisions, assuming a first order phase
transition from a thermalized Quark-Gluon-Plasma to a gas of
hadrons. At high transverse momenta K_T ~ 1 GeV/c direct
emission from the phase boundary becomes important, the
emission duration signal, i.e., the R_out/R_side ratio, and
its sensitivity to T_c (and thus to the latent heat of the
phase transition) are enlarged. Moreover, the QGP+hadronic
rescattering transport model calculations do not yield
unusual large radii (R_i<9fm). Finite momentum resolution
effects have a strong impact on the extracted HBT parameters
(R_i and lambda) as well as on the ratio
R_out/R_side.},
Key = {fds3142}
}
@article{fds3143,
Author = {L.V. Bravina and E.E. Zabrodin and S.A. Bass and A. Faessler and C.
Fuchs, M.I. Gorenstein and W. Greiner and S. Soff and H. Stoecker and H.
Weber},
Title = {Chemical freeze-out parameters at RHIC from microscopic
model calculations},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Volume = {698},
Pages = {383-386},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0104023},
Abstract = {The relaxation of hot nuclear matter to an equilibrated
state in the central zone of heavy-ion collisions at
energies from AGS to RHIC is studied within the microscopic
UrQMD model. It is found that the system reaches the
(quasi)equilibrium stage for the period of 10-15 fm/$c$.
Within this time the matter in the cell expands nearly
isentropically with the entropy to baryon ratio $S/A = 150 -
170$. Thermodynamic characteristics of the system at AGS and
at SPS energies at the endpoints of this stage are very
close to the parameters of chemical and thermal freeze-out
extracted from the thermal fit to experimental data.
Predictions are made for the full RHIC energy $\sqrt{s} =
200$ AGeV. The formation of a resonance-rich state at RHIC
energies is discussed.},
Key = {fds3143}
}
@article{fds3144,
Author = {S.A. Bass},
Title = {Microscopic Reaction Dynamics at SPS and
RHIC},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Volume = {698},
Pages = {164-170},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0104040},
Abstract = {The current status of transport theoretical models
applicable to the physics of the Relativistic Heavy-Ion
Collider is reviewed. The time evolution of microscopic
reaction dynamics - from early, hard, partonic rescattering
up to soft hadronic interactions close to freeze-out is
analyzed and key observables linked to the different
reaction stages are discussed.},
Key = {fds3144}
}
@article{fds3145,
Author = {S.A. Bass and P. Danielewicz and S. Pratt},
Title = {Probing Hadronization with Strangeness},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {27},
Pages = {635-644},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds3145}
}
@article{fds3148,
Author = {S.Soff, S.A. Bass and A. Dumitru},
Title = {Pion Interferometry at RHIC: Probing a thermalized
Quark-Gluon-Plasma?},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {3981-3984},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0012085},
Abstract = {We calculate the Gaussian radius parameters of the
pion-emitting source in high energy heavy ion collisions,
assuming a first order phase transition from a thermalized
Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) to a gas of hadrons. Such a model
leads to a very long-lived dissipative hadronic rescattering
phase which dominates the properties of the two-pion
correlation functions. The radii are found to depend only
weakly on the thermalization time tau_i, the critical
temperature T_c (and thus the latent heat), and the specific
entropy of the QGP. The dissipative hadronic stage enforces
large variations of the pion emission times around the mean.
Therefore, the model calculations suggest a rapid increase
of R_out/R_side as a function of K_T if a thermalized QGP
were formed.},
Key = {fds3148}
}
@article{fds3150,
Author = {L.V.Bravina, E.E.Zabrodin and S.A.Bass, M.Bleicher and M.Brandstetter, A. Faessler and C.Fuchs, W.Greiner and S.Soff, H.Stoecker},
Title = {Equation of state of resonance-rich matter in the central
cell in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=200
AGeV},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {63},
Pages = {064902},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0010172},
Abstract = {The equilibration of hot and dense nuclear matter produced
in the central cell of central Au+Au collisions at RHIC
($\sqrt{s}=200$ AGeV) energies is studied within a
microscopic transport model. The pressure in the cell
becomes isotropic at $t\approx 5$ fm/$c$ after beginning of
the collision. Within the next 15 fm/$c$ the expansion of
matter in the cell proceeds almost isentropically with the
entropy per baryon ratio $S/A \approx 150$, and the equation
of state in the $(P,\epsilon)$ plane has a very simple form,
$P=0.15\epsilon$. Comparison with the statistical model of
an ideal hadron gas indicates that the time $t \approx 20$
fm/c may be too short to reach the fully equilibrated state.
Particularly, the creation of long-lived resonance-rich
matter in the cell decelerates the relaxation to chemical
equilibrium. This resonance-abundant state can be detected
experimentally after the thermal freeze-out of
particles.},
Key = {fds3150}
}
@article{fds3151,
Author = {S.M.H. Wong and M. Belkacem and J.I. Kapusta and S.A. Bass and M.
Bleicher, H. Stöcker},
Title = {Bremsstrahlung from a Microscopic Model of Relativistic
Heavy Ion Collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {63},
Pages = {014903},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0008119},
Abstract = {We compute bremsstrahlung arising from the acceleration of
individual charged baryons and mesons during the time
evolution of high-energy Au+Au collisions at the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider using a microscopic
transport model. We elucidate the connection between
bremsstrahlung and charge stopping by colliding artificial
pure proton on pure neutron nuclei. From the intensity of
low energy bremsstrahlung, the time scale and the degree of
stopping could be accurately extracted without measuring any
hadronic observables.},
Key = {fds3151}
}
@article{fds3152,
Author = {L.V.Bravina, E.E.Zabrodin and M.Bleicher, S.A.Bass and M.Brandstetter, A.Faessler and C.Fuchs, W.Greiner and M.I.Gorenstein, S.Soff and H.Stoecker},
Title = {Transition to resonance-rich matter in heavy ion collisions
at RHIC energies},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {27},
Pages = {421-426},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0010088},
Abstract = {The equilibration of hot and dense nuclear matter produced
in the central region in central Au+Au collisions at
$\sqrt{s}=200$ AGeV is studied within the microscopic
transport model UrQMD. The pressure here becomes isotropic
at $t \approx 5$ fm/c. Within the next 15 fm/c the expansion
of the matter proceeds almost isentropically with the
entropy per baryon ratio $S/A \approx 150$. During this
period the equation of state in the $(P,\epsilon)$-plane has
a very simple form, $P=0.15 \epsilon$. Comparison with the
statistical model (SM) of an ideal hadron gas reveals that
the time of $\approx 20$ fm/$c$ may be too short to attain
the fully equilibrated state. Particularly, the fractions of
resonances are overpopulated in contrast to the SM values.
The creation of such a long-lived resonance-rich state slows
down the relaxation to chemical equilibrium and can be
detected experimentally.},
Key = {fds3152}
}
@article{fds3153,
Author = {Sven Soff and D. Zschiesche and M. Bleicher and C. Hartnack and M.
Belkacem, L. Bravina and E. Zabrodin and S.A. Bass and H. Stöcker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Enhanced strange particle yields - signal of a phase of
massless particles?},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {27},
Pages = {449-457},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0010103},
Abstract = {The yields of strange particles are calculated with the
UrQMD model for p,Pb(158 AGeV)Pb collisions and compared to
experimental data. The yields are enhanced in central
collisions if compared to proton induced or peripheral Pb+Pb
collisions. The enhancement is due to secondary
interactions. Nevertheless, only a reduction of the quark
masses or equivalently an increase of the string tension
provides an adequate description of the large observed
enhancement factors (WA97 and NA49). Furthermore, the yields
of unstable strange resonances as the Lambda_star(1520)
resonance or the phi meson are considerably affected by
hadronic rescattering of the decay products.},
Key = {fds3153}
}
@article{fds3149,
Author = {L.V. Bravina and E.E. Zabrodin and S.A. Bass and M. Bleicher and M.
Brandstetter, S. Soff and H. Stöcker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Local equilibrium in heavy-ion collisions: Microscopic
analysis of a central cell versus infinite
matter},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {62},
Pages = {064906},
Year = {2000},
Abstract = {We study the local equilibrium in the central V = 125 fm3
cell in heavy-ion collisions at energies from 10.7A GeV
(AGS) to 160A GeV (SPS) calculated in the microscopic
transport model. In the present paper the hadron yields and
energy spectra in the cell are compared with those of
infinite nuclear matter, as calculated within the same
model. The agreement between the spectra in the two systems
is established for times t [>=] 10 fm/c in the central cell.
The cell results do not deviate noticeably from the infinite
matter calculations with rising incident energy, in contrast
to the apparent discrepancy with predictions of the
statistical model (SM) of an ideal hadron gas. The entropy
of this state is found to be very close to the maximum
entropy, while hadron abundances and energy spectra differ
significantly from those of the SM.},
Key = {fds3149}
}
@article{fds3154,
Author = {S.A. Bass and P. Danielewicz and S. Pratt},
Title = {Clocking Hadronization in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
with Balance Functions},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {85},
Pages = {2689-2692},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0005044},
Abstract = {A novel state of matter has been hypothesized to exist
during the early stage of relativistic heavy ion collisions,
with normal hadrons not appearing until several fm/c after
the start of the reaction. To test this hypothesis,
correlations between charges and their associated
anticharges are evaluated with the use of balance functions.
It is shown that late-stage hadronization is characterized
by tightly correlated charge/anticharge pairs when measured
as a function of relative rapidity.},
Key = {fds3154}
}
@article{fds3155,
Author = {M. Bleicher and M. Belkacem and S.A. Bass and S. Soff and H.
Stöcker},
Title = {Enhanced antiproton production in Pb(160 AGeV)+Pb reactions:
evidence for quark gluon matter?},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {485},
Pages = {133-138},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0004045},
Abstract = {The centrality dependence of the antiproton per participant
ratio is studied in Pb(160 AGeV)+Pb reactions. Antiproton
production in collisions of heavy nuclei at the CERN/SPS
seems considerably enhanced as compared to conventional
hadronic physics, given by the antiproton production rates
in $pp$ and antiproton annihilation in $\bar{p}p$ reactions.
This enhancement is consistent with the observation of
strong in-medium effects in other hadronic observables and
may be an indication of partial restoration of chiral
symmetry.},
Key = {fds3155}
}
@article{fds3156,
Author = {S.A. Bass and A. Dumitru},
Title = {Dynamics of Hot Bulk QCD Matter: from the Quark-Gluon Plasma
to Hadronic Freeze-Out},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {61},
Pages = {064909},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0001033},
Abstract = {We introduce a combined macroscopic/microscopic transport
approach employing relativistic hydrodynamics for the early,
dense, deconfined stage of the reaction and a microscopic
non-equilibrium model for the later hadronic stage where the
equilibrium assumptions are not valid anymore. Within this
approach we study the dynamics of hot, bulk QCD matter,
which is expected to be created in ultra-relativistic heavy
ion collisions at the SPS, the RHIC and the LHC. Our
approach is capable of self-consistently calculating the
freeze-out of the hadronic system, while accounting for the
collective flow on the hadronization hypersurface generated
by the QGP expansion. In particular, we perform a detailed
analysis of the reaction dynamics, hadronic freeze-out, and
transverse flow.},
Key = {fds3156}
}
@article{fds3157,
Author = {M. Bleicher and S.A. Bass and L.V. Bravina and W. Greiner and S. Soff and H. Stöcker and N. Xu and E.E. Zabrodin},
Title = {Global observables and secondary interactions in central
Au+Au reactions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ AGeV},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {62},
Pages = {024904},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9911420},
Abstract = {The Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics model
(UrQMD) is used to study global observables in central
reactions of Au+Au at $\sqrt{s}=200$ AGeV (RHIC). Strong
stopping governed by massive particle production is
predicted if secondary interactions are taken into account.
The underlying string dynamics and the early hadronic
decoupling implies only small transverse expansion rates.
However, rescattering with mesons is found to act as a
source of pressure leading to additional flow of baryons and
kaons, while cooling down pions.},
Key = {fds3157}
}
@article{fds3176,
Author = {S.A. Bass and B. Müller and W. Poeschl},
Title = {Lattice Gauge Description of Colliding Nuclei},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {L109-L115},
Year = {1999},
Month = {November},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9808011},
Abstract = {We propose a novel formalism for simultaneously describing
both, the hard and soft parton dynamics in ultrarelativistic
collisions of nuclei. The emission of gluons from the
initially coherent parton configurations of the colliding
nuclei and low-$p_t$ color coherence effects are treated in
the framework of a Yang-Mills transport equation on a
coupled lattice-particle system. A collision term is added
to the transport equation to account for the remaining
intermediate and high-$p_t$ interactions in an infrared
finite manner.},
Key = {fds3176}
}
@article{fds3158,
Author = {M. Bleicher and E. Zabrodin and C. Spieles and S.A. Bass and C. Ernst and S. Soff and L. Bravina and M. Belkacem and H. Weber and H. Stöcker and W.
Greiner},
Title = {Relativistic Hadron-Hadron Collisions in the
Ultra-Relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model
(UrQMD)},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {1859-1896},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9909407},
Abstract = {Hadron-hadron collisions at high energies are investigated
in the Ultra-relativistic-Quantum-Molecular-Dynamics
approach (UrQMD). This microscopic transport model is
designed to study pp, pA and A+A collisions. It describes
the phenomenology of hadronic interactions at low and
intermediate energies ($\sqrt s <5$ GeV) in terms of
interactions between known hadrons and their resonances. At
high energies, $\sqrt s >5$ GeV, the excitation of color
strings and their subsequent fragmentation into hadrons
dominates the multiple production of particles in the UrQMD
model. The model shows a fair overall agreement with a large
body of experimental h-h data over a wide range of h-h
center-of-mass energies. Hadronic reaction data with higher
precision would be useful to support the use of the UrQMD
model for relativistic heavy ion collisions.},
Key = {fds3158}
}
@article{fds3159,
Author = {S.A. Bass and B. Müller},
Title = {K-Factors in Parton Cascades at RHIC and
SPS},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {471},
Pages = {108-112},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9908014},
Abstract = {Different treatments for the inclusion of higher-order
perturbative QCD corrections in parton based transport
models of relativistic heavy-ion collisions are studied and
their influence on experimental observables is investigated.
At RHIC, particle multiplicities may vary by more than 30%,
depending on the correction scheme. A detailed analysis of
the squared relative momentum transfers to be expected in
parton (re)scatterings at RHIC casts doubt on the
applicability of pQCD based transport approaches at the SPS
and rules out the application of higher-order correction
schemes based on a rescaling of the relative squared
momentum transfers in the running coupling constant at all
energies.},
Key = {fds3159}
}
@article{fds3160,
Author = {S. Soff and S.A. Bass and M. Bleicher and L. Bravina and M. Gorenstein and E. Zabrodin and H. Stoecker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Strangeness Enhancement in Heavy Ion Collisions - Evidence
for Quark-Gluon-Matter ?},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {471},
Pages = {89-96},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9907026},
Abstract = {The centrality dependence of (multi-)strange hadron
abundances is studied for Pb(158 AGeV)Pb reactions and
compared to p(158 GeV)Pb collisions. The microscopic
transport model UrQMD is used for this analysis. The
predicted Lambda/pi-, Xi-/pi- and Omega-/pi- ratios are
enhanced due to rescattering in central Pb-Pb collisions as
compared to peripheral Pb-Pb or p-Pb collisions. A reduction
of the constituent quark masses to the current quark masses
m_s \sim 230 MeV, m_q \sim 10 MeV, as motivated by chiral
symmetry restoration, enhances the hyperon yields to the
experimentally observed high values. Similar results are
obtained by an ad hoc overall increase of the color electric
field strength (effective string tension of kappa=3 GeV/fm).
The enhancement depends strongly on the kinematical cuts.
The maximum enhancement is predicted around midrapidity. For
Lambda's, strangeness suppression is predicted at
projectile/target rapidity. For Omega's, the predicted
enhancement can be as large as one order of magnitude.
Comparisons of Pb-Pb data to proton induced asymmetric (p-A)
collisions are hampered due to the predicted strong
asymmetry in the various rapidity distributions of the
different (strange) particle species. In p-Pb collisions,
strangeness is locally (in rapidity) not conserved. The
present comparison to the data of the WA97 and NA49
collaborations clearly supports the suggestion that
conventional (free) hadronic scenarios are unable to
describe the observed high (anti-)hyperon yields in central
collisions. The doubling of the strangeness to nonstrange
suppression factor, gamma_s \approx 0.65, might be
interpreted as a signal of a phase of nearly massless
particles.},
Key = {fds3160}
}
@article{fds3161,
Author = {L.V. Bravina and E.E. Zabrodin and M.I. Gorenstein and S.A. Bass and M.
Belkacem, M. Bleicher and M. Brandstetter and C. Ernst and M.
Hofmann, L. Neise and S. Soff and H. Weber and H. Stoecker and W.
Greiner},
Title = {Local equilibrium in heavy ion collisions. Microscopic model
versus statistical model analysis},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {60},
Pages = {024904},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9906548},
Abstract = {The assumption of local equilibrium in relativistic heavy
ion collisions at energies from 10.7 AGeV (AGS) up to 160
AGeV (SPS) is checked in the microscopic transport model.
Dynamical calculations performed for a central cell in the
reaction are compared to the predictions of the thermal
statistical model. We find that kinetic, thermal and
chemical equilibration of the expanding hadronic matter are
nearly approached late in central collisions at AGS energy
for $t \geq 10$ fm/$c$ in a central cell. At these times the
equation of state may be approximated by a simple dependence
$P \cong (0.12-0.15) \epsilon$. Increasing deviations of the
yields and the energy spectra of hadrons from statistical
model values are observed for increasing energy, 40 AGeV and
160 AGeV. These violations of local equilibrium indicate
that a fully equilibrated state is not reached, not even in
the central cell of heavy ion collisions at energies above
10 AGeV. The origin of these findings is traced to the
multiparticle decays of strings and many-body decays of
resonances.},
Key = {fds3161}
}
@article{fds3162,
Author = {L.V. Bravina and E.E. Zabrodin and M.I. Gorenstein and S.A. Bass and M.
Belkacem, M. Bleicher and M. Brandstetter and C. Ernst and Amand
Faessler, W. Greiner and S. Soff and H. Stoecker and H.
Weber},
Title = {Equilibrium and non-equilibrium effects in relativistic
heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Volume = {661},
Pages = {600-603},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9907062},
Abstract = {The hypothesis of local equilibrium (LE) in relativistic
heavy ion collisions at energies from AGS to RHIC is checked
in the microscopic transport model. We find that kinetic,
thermal, and chemical equilibration of the expanding
hadronic matter is nearly reached in central collisions at
AGS energy for $t \geq 10$ fm/$c$ in a central cell. At
these times the equation of state may be approximated by a
simple dependence $P \cong (0.12-0.15) \epsilon$. Increasing
deviations of the yields and the energy spectra of hadrons
from statistical model values are observed for increasing
bombarding energies. The origin of these deviations is
traced to the irreversible multiparticle decays of strings
and many-body $(N \geq 3)$ decays of resonances. The
violations of LE indicate that the matter in the cell
reaches a steady state instead of idealized equilibrium. The
entropy density in the cell is only about 6% smaller than
that of the equilibrium state.},
Key = {fds3162}
}
@article{fds3163,
Author = {S. Bass and M. Bleicher and W. Cassing and A. Dumitru and H.J. Drescher and K. Eskola and M. Gyulassy and D. Kharzeev and Y. Kovchegov and Z. Lin and D. Molnar and J.Y. Ollitrault and S. Pratt and J. Rafelski and R. Rapp and D. Rischke and J. Schaffner-Bielich and B.Schlei, A. Snigerev and H.
Sorge, D. Sriva},
Title = {Last Call for RHIC Predictions},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys.},
Volume = {661},
Pages = {205-260},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9907090},
Abstract = {This paper contains the individual contributions of all
speakers of the session on 'Last Call for RHIC Predictions'
at Quark Matter 99, and a summary by the
convenor.},
Key = {fds3163}
}
@article{fds3164,
Author = {B. Monreal and S.A. Bass and M. Bleicher and S. Esumi and W. Greiner and Q.
Li, H. Liu and W.J. Llope and R. Mattiello and S. Panitkin and I.
Sakrejda, R. Snellings and H. Sorge and C. Spieles and H. Stoecker and J. Thomas and S. Voloshin and F. Wang and N. xu},
Title = {Deuterons and space-momentum correlations in high energy
nuclear collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {60},
Pages = {031901},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9904080},
Abstract = {Using a microscopic transport model together with a
coalescence after-burner, we study the formation of
deuterons in Au + Au central collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200
AGeV$. It is found that the deuteron transverse momentum
distributions are strongly affected by the nucleon
space-momentum correlations, at the moment of freeze-out,
which are mostly determined by the number of rescatterings.
This feature is useful for studying collision dynamics at
ultrarelativistic energies.},
Key = {fds3164}
}
@article{fds3165,
Author = {C. Spieles and R. Vogt and L. Gerland and S. A. Bass and M. Bleicher and H.
Stoecker, W. Greiner},
Title = {Modelling J/psi production and absorption in a microscopic
nonequilibrium approach},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {60},
Pages = {054901},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9902337},
Abstract = {Charmonium production and absorption in heavy ion collisions
is studied with the Ultrarelativisitic Quantum Molecular
Dynamics model. We compare the scenario of universal and
time independent color-octet dissociation cross sections
with one of distinct color-singlet J/psi, psi' and chi_c
states, evolving from small, color transparent
configurations to their asymptotic sizes. The measured J/psi
production cross sections in pA and AB collisions at SPS
energies are consistent with both - purely hadronic -
scenarios. The predicted rapidity dependence of J/psi
suppression can be used to discriminate between the two
experimentally. The importance of interactions with
secondary hadrons and the applicability of thermal reaction
kinetics to J/psi absorption are investigated. We discuss
the effect of nuclear stopping and the role of leading
hadrons. The dependence of the psi' to J/psi ratio on the
model assumptions and the possible influence of refeeding
processes is also studied.},
Key = {fds3165}
}
@article{fds3166,
Author = {S.A. Bass and M. Hofmann and M. Bleicher and L. Bravina and E. Zabrodin and H. Stoecker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Analysis of reaction dynamics at RHIC in a combined
parton/hadron transport approach},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {60},
Pages = {021901},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9902055},
Abstract = {We introduce a transport approach which combines partonic
and hadronic degrees of freedom on an equal footing and
discuss the resulting reaction dynamics. The initial parton
dynamics is modeled in the framework of the parton cascade
model, hadronization is performed via a cluster
hadronization model and configuration space coalescence, and
the hadronic phase is described by a microscopic hadronic
transport approach. The resulting reaction dynamics
indicates a strong influence of hadronic rescattering on the
space-time pattern of hadronic freeze-out and on the shape
of transverse mass spectra. Freeze-out times and transverse
radii increase by factors of 2 - 3 depending on the hadron
species.},
Key = {fds3166}
}
@article{fds3167,
Author = {S.A. Bass and A. Dumitru and M. Bleicher and L. Bravina and E. Zabrodin and H. Stoecker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Hadronic freeze-out following a first order hadronization
phase transition in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion
collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {60},
Pages = {021902},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9902062},
Abstract = {We analyze the hadronic freeze-out in ultra-relativistic
heavy ion collisions at RHIC in a transport approach which
combines hydrodynamics for the early, dense, deconfined
stage of the reaction with a microscopic non-equilibrium
model for the later hadronic stage at which the hydrodynamic
equilibrium assumptions are not valid. With this ansatz we
are able to self-consistently calculate the freeze-out of
the system and determine space-time hypersurfaces for
individual hadron species. The space-time domains of the
freeze-out for several hadron species are found to be
actually four-dimensional, and differ drastically for the
individual hadrons species. Freeze-out radii distributions
are similar in width for most hadron species, even though
the Omega-baryon is found to be emitted rather close to the
phase boundary and shows the smallest freeze-out radii and
times among all baryon species. The total lifetime of the
system does not change by more than 10% when going from SPS
to RHIC energies.},
Key = {fds3167}
}
@article{fds3168,
Author = {A. Dumitru and S.A. Bass and M. Bleicher and H. Stöcker and W.
Greiner},
Title = {Direct Emission of multiple strange baryons in
ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions from the phase
boundary},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {460},
Pages = {411-416},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9901046},
Abstract = {We discuss a model for the space-time evolution of
ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions which employs
relativistic hydrodynamics within one region of the forward
light-cone, and microscopic transport theory (i.e. UrQMD) in
the complement. Our initial condition consists of a
quark-gluon plasma which expands hydrodynamically and
hadronizes. After hadronization the solution eventually
changes from expansion in local equilibrium to free
streaming, as determined selfconsistently by the interaction
rates between the hadrons and the local expansion rate. We
show that in such a scenario the inverse slopes of the
$m_T$-spectra of multiple strange baryons ($\Xi$, $\Omega$)
are practically unaffected by the purely hadronic stage of
the reaction, while the flow of $p$'s and $\Lambda$'s
increases. Moreover, we find that the rather ``soft''
transverse expansion at RHIC energies (due to a first-order
phase transition) is not washed out by strong rescattering
in the hadronic stage. The earlier kinetic freeze-out as
compared to SPS-energies results in similar inverse slopes
(of the $m_T$-spectra of the hadrons in the final state) at
RHIC and SPS energies.},
Key = {fds3168}
}
@article{fds3169,
Author = {C. Spieles and R. Vogt and L. Gerland and S.A. Bass and M. Bleicher and L.
Frankfurt, M. Strikman and H. Stocker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Dissociation of expanding c anti-c states in heavy ion
collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {458},
Pages = {137-142},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds3169}
}
@article{fds3170,
Author = {L.V. Bravina and M.I. Gorenstein and E.E. Zabrodin and S.A. Bass and M.
Belkacem, M. Bleicher and M. Brandstetter and M. Hofmann and S. Soff and C. Spieles and H. Weber and H. Stocker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Equilibrium and non-equilibrium effects in nucleus nucleus
collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {459},
Pages = {660-666},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds3170}
}
@article{fds3171,
Author = {M. Bleicher and M. Reiter and A. Dumitru and J. Brachmann and C.
Spieles, S.A. Bass and H. Stöcker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Distinguishing Hadronic Cascades from Hydrodynamic Models in
Pb(160 AGeV)+Pb Reactions by Impact Parameter
Variation},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {59},
Pages = {1844-1845},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9811459},
Abstract = {We propose to study the impact parameter dependence of the
anti-Lambda/anti-Proton ratio in Pb(160AGeV)+Pb reactions.
The anti-Lambda/anti-Proton ratio is a sensible tool to
distinguish between hadronic cascade models and
hydrodynamical models, which incorporate a QGP phase
transition.},
Key = {fds3171}
}
@article{fds3172,
Author = {S.A. Bass and M. Gyulassy and H. Stoecker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Signatures of Quark-Gluon-Plasma formation in high energy
heavy-ion collisions: A critical review},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {R1-R57},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9810281},
Abstract = {A critical review on signatures of Quark-Gluon-Plasma
formation is given and the current (1998) experimental
status is discussed. After giving an introduction to the
properties of QCD matter in both, equilibrium- and
non-equilibrium theories, we focus on observables which may
yield experimental evidence for QGP formation. For each
individual observable the discussion is divided into three
sections: first the connection between the respective
observable and QGP formation in terms of the underlying
theoretical concepts is given, then the relevant
experimental results are reviewed and finally the current
status concerning the interpretation of both, theory and
experiment, is discussed. A comprehensive summary including
an outlook towards RHIC is given in the final
section.},
Key = {fds3172}
}
@article{fds3173,
Author = {L.V.Bravina, M. Brandstetter and M.I.Gorenstein, E.E. Zabrodin and M. Belkacem and M. Bleicher and S.A. Bass and C. Ernst and M. Hofmann and S. Soff and H. Stoecker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Local Thermal and Chemical Equilibration and the Equation of
State in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {351-361},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9810036},
Abstract = {Thermodynamical variables and their time evolution are
studied for central relativistic heavy ion collisions from
10.7 to 160 AGeV in the microscopic Ultrarelativistic
Quantum Molecular Dynamics model (UrQMD). The UrQMD model
exhibits drastic deviations from equilibrium during the
early high density phase of the collision. Local thermal and
chemical equilibration of the hadronic matter seems to be
established only at later stages of the quasi- isentropic
expansion in the central reaction cell with volume 125
fm$^{3}$. distributions at all collision energies for $t\geq
10 fm/c$ with a unique Baryon energy spectra in this cell
are approximately reproduced by Boltzmann rapidly dropping
temperature. At these times the equation of state has a
simple form: $P \cong (0.12-0.15) \epsilon$. At 160 AGeV the
strong deviation from chemical equilibrium is found for
mesons, especially for pions, even at the late stage of the
reaction. The final enhancement of pions is supported by
experimental data.},
Key = {fds3173}
}
@article{fds3174,
Author = {C. Spieles and R. Vogt and L. Gerland and S.A. Bass and M. Bleicher and H.
Stoecker, W. Greiner},
Title = {Dissociation rates of J/psi's with comoving mesons - thermal
vs. nonequilibrium scenario},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {2351-2359},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9809441},
Abstract = {We study J/psi dissociation processes in hadronic
environments. The validity of a thermal meson gas ansatz is
tested by confronting it with an alternative, nonequilibrium
scenario. Heavy ion collisions are simulated in the
framework of the microscopic transport model UrQMD, taking
into account the production of charmonium states through
hard parton-parton interactions and subsequent rescattering
with hadrons. The thermal gas and microscopic transport
scenarios are shown to be very dissimilar. Estimates of
J/psi survival probabilities based on thermal models of
comover interactions in heavy ion collisions are therefore
not reliable.},
Key = {fds3174}
}
@article{fds3175,
Author = {S.A. Bass and H. Weber and C. Ernst and M. Bleicher and M. Belkacem and L.
Bravina, S. Soff and H. Stoecker and W. Greiner and C.
Spieles},
Title = {Reaction dynamics in Pb+Pb at the CERN/SPS: from partonic
degrees of freedom to freeze-out},
Journal = {Prog. in Part. & Nucl. Phys.},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {313-322},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9810077},
Abstract = {We analyze the reaction dynamics of central Pb+Pb collisions
at 160 GeV/nucleon. First we estimate the energy density
pile-up at mid-rapidity and calculate its excitation
function: The energy density is decomposed into hadronic and
partonic contributions. A detailed analysis of the collision
dynamics in the framework of a microscopic transport model
shows the importance of partonic degrees of freedom and
rescattering of leading (di)quarks in the early phase of the
reaction for E > 30 GeV/nucleon. The energy density reaches
up to 4 GeV/fm^3, 95% of which are contained in partonic
degrees of freedom. It is shown that cells of hadronic
matter, after the early reaction phase, can be viewed as
nearly chemically equilibrated. This matter never exceeds
energy densities of 0.4 GeV/fm^3, i.e. a density above which
the notion of separated hadrons loses its meaning. The final
reaction stage is analyzed in terms of hadron ratios,
freeze-out distributions and a source analysis for final
state pions.},
Key = {fds3175}
}
@article{fds3177,
Author = {M. Bleicher and C. Spieles and C. Ernst and L. Gerland and S. Soff and H.
Stöcker, W. Greiner and S.A. Bass},
Title = {The Origin of Transverse Flow at the SPS},
Volume = {447},
Pages = {227-232},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9803346},
Abstract = {We study the transverse expansion in central Pb+Pb
collisions at the CERN SPS. Strong collective motion of
hadrons can be created. This flow is mainly due to meson
baryon rescattering. It allows to study the angular
distribution of intermediate mass meson baryon
interactions.},
Key = {fds3177}
}
@article{fds3185,
Author = {C. Ernst and S.A. Bass and M. Belkacem and H. Stöcker and W.
Greiner},
Title = {Intermediate mass excess of dilepton production in heavy ion
collisions at BEVALAC energies},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {58},
Pages = {447-456},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9712069},
Abstract = {Dielectron mass spectra are examined for various nuclear
reactions recently measured by the DLS collaboration. A
detailed description is given of all dilepton channels
included in the transport model UrQMD 1.0, i.e. Dalitz
decays of $\pi^0,\eta,\omega,\eta'$ mesons and of the
$\Delta(1232)$ resonance, direct decays of vector mesons and
$pn$ bremsstrahlung. The microscopic calculations reproduce
data for light systems fairly well, but tend to
underestimate the data in $pp$ at high energies and in $pd$
at low energies. These conventional sources, however, cannot
explain the recently reported enhancement for
nucleus-nucleus collisions in the mass region 0.15
GeV<$M_{ee}$<0.6 GeV. Chiral scaling and $\omega$ meson
broadening in the medium are investigated as a source of
this mass excess. They also cannot explain the recent DLS
data.},
Key = {fds3185}
}
@article{fds3178,
Author = {H. Weber and C. Ernst and M. Bleicher and L. Bravina and H. Stoecker and W.
Greiner, C. Spieles and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Excitation Function of Energy Density and Partonic Degrees
of Freedom in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {442},
Pages = {443-448},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9808021},
Abstract = {We estimate the energy density pile-up at mid-rapidity in
central Pb+Pb collisions from 2 - 200 GeV/nucleon. The
energy density is decomposed into hadronic and partonic
contributions. A detailed analysis of the collision dynamics
in the framework of a microscopic transport model shows the
importance of partonic degrees of freedom and rescattering
of leading (di)quarks in the early phase of the reaction for
lab-energies > 30 GeV/nucleon. In Pb+Pb collisions at 160
GeV/nucleon the energy density reaches up to 4 GeV/fm^3, 95%
of which are contained in partonic degrees of
freedom.},
Key = {fds3178}
}
@article{fds3179,
Author = {L.V. Bravina and M.I. Gorenstein and M. Belkacem and S.A. Bass and M.
Bleicher, M. Brandstetter and M. Hofmann and S. Soff and C. Spieles and H. Weber and H. Stöcker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Local Thermodynamical Equilibrium and the Equation of State
of Hot, Dense Matter Created in Au+Au Collisions at
AGS},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {434},
Pages = {379-387},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9804008},
Abstract = {Local kinetic and chemical equilibration is studied for
Au+Au collisions at 10.7 AGeV in the microscopic
Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics model (UrQMD).
The UrQMD model exhibits dramatic deviations from
equilibrium during the high density phase of the collision.
Thermal and chemical equilibration of the hadronic matter
seems to be established in the later stages during a
quasi-isentropic expansion, observed in the central reaction
cell ($S/A=S/A=s/\rho_B ~\cong~$ 12). At latest stages of
the reactions (of order of 10 fm/c) the hadron energy
spectra in the cell are nicely reproduced by Boltzmann
distributions with a common rapidly dropping temperature.
Hadron yields change drastically and at the late expansion
stage follow closely those of an ideal gas statistical
model. The detailed comparison with the UrQMD box
calculations for infinite equilibrated matter is done. It
also shows that the system in the central zone reaches the
equilibrium at late stages of the reaction. The equation of
state seems to be simple at late times: $P\cong0.12\epsilon$
which coincides with Shuryak predictions for the resonance
gas. The contribution of the strange particles into the
total energy density of the system in the central region of
the reaction seems to be of order of 1-3 % (strange particle
density in the central zone is negligibly small e.g.
$\rho_S=0.008$). The time evolution of other thermodynamical
variables in the cell is also presented.},
Key = {fds3179}
}
@article{fds3180,
Author = {M. Belkacem and M. Brandstetter and S.A. Bass and M. Bleicher and L.
Bravina, M.I. Gorenstein and J. Konopka and L. Neise and C. Spieles and S. Soff and H. Weber and H. Stoecker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Equation of State, Spectra and Composition of Hot and Dense
Infinite Hadronic Matter in a Microscopic Transport
Model},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {58},
Pages = {1727-1733},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9804058},
Abstract = {Equilibrium properties of infinite relativistic hadron
matter are investigated using the Ultrarelativistic Quantum
Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) model. The simulations are
performed in a box with periodic boundary conditions.
Equilibration times depend critically on energy and baryon
densities. Energy spectra of various hadronic species are
shown to be isotropic and consistent with a single
temperature in equilibrium. The variation of energy density
versus temperature shows a Hagedorn-like behavior with a
limiting temperature of 130$\pm$10 MeV. Comparison of
abundances of different particle species to ideal hadron gas
model predictions show good agreement only if detailed
balance is implemented for all channels. At low energy
densities, high mass resonances are not relevant; however,
their importance raises with increasing energy density. The
relevance of these different conceptual frameworks for any
interpretation of experimental data is questioned.},
Key = {fds3180}
}
@article{fds3181,
Author = {M. Bleicher and M. Belkacem and C. Ernst and H. Weber and L. Gerland and C.
Spieles, S. A. Bass and H. Stöcker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Can Momentum Correlations Proof Kinetic Equilibration in
Heavy Ion Collisions at 160 AGeV?},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {435},
Pages = {9-12},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9803345},
Abstract = {We perform an event-by-event analysis of the transverse
momentum distribution of final state particles in central
Pb(160AGeV)+Pb collisions within a microscopic
non-equilibrium transport model (UrQMD). Strong influence of
rescattering is found. The extracted momentum distributions
show less fluctuations in A+A collisions than in p+p
reactions. This is in contrast to simplified p+p
extrapolations and random walk models.},
Key = {fds3181}
}
@article{fds3182,
Author = {S. A. Bass and M. Belkacem and M. Bleicher and M. Brandstetter and L.
Bravina, C. Ernst and L. Gerland and M. Hofmann and S. Hofmann and J.
Konopka, G. Mao and L. Neise and S. Soff and C. Spieles and H. Weber and L.
A. Winckelmann and H. Stöcker and W. Greiner and Ch. Hartnack and J.
Aichelin, N. Amelin},
Title = {Microscopic Models for Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion
Collisions},
Journal = {Prog. Part. & Nucl. Phys.},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {225-370},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9803035},
Abstract = {In this paper, the concepts of microscopic transport theory
are introduced and the features and shortcomings of the most
commonly used ansatzes are discussed. In particular, the
Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD)
transport model is described in great detail. Based on the
same principles as QMD and RQMD, it incorporates a vastly
extended collision term with full baryon-antibaryon
symmetry, 55 baryon and 32 meson species. Isospin is
explicitly treated for all hadrons. The range of
applicability stretches from $E_{lab}< 100$ MeV/nucleon up
to $E_{lab}> 200$ GeV/nucleon, allowing for a consistent
calculation of excitation functions from the intermediate
energy domain up to ultrarelativistic energies. The main
physics topics under discussion are stopping, particle
production and collective flow.},
Key = {fds3182}
}
@article{fds3183,
Author = {A. Dumitru and M. Bleicher and S.A. Bass and C. Spieles and L. Neise and H.
Stocker, W. Greiner},
Title = {Direct photons in Pb+Pb at CERN-SPS from microscopic
transport theory},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {57},
Pages = {3271-3275},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9709487},
Abstract = {Direct photon production in central Pb+Pb collisions at
CERN-SPS energy is calculated within the relativistic
microscopic transport model UrQMD, and within distinctly
different versions of relativistic hydrodynamics. We find
that in UrQMD the local momentum distributions of the
secondaries are strongly elongated along the beam axis
initially. Therefore, the pre-equilibrium contribution
dominates the photon spectrum at transverse momenta above
$\approx 1.5$ GeV. The hydrodynamics prediction of a strong
correlation between the temperature and radial expansion
velocities on the one hand and the slope of the transverse
momentum distribution of direct photons on the other hand
thus is not recovered in UrQMD. The rapidity distribution of
direct photons in UrQMD reveals that the initial conditions
for the longitudinal expansion of the photon source (the
meson ``fluid'') resemble rather boostinvariance than
Landau-like flow.},
Key = {fds3183}
}
@article{fds3184,
Author = {S.A. Bass and M. Belkacem and M. Brandstetter and M. Bleicher and L.
Gerland, J. Konopka and L. Neise and C. Spieles and S. Soff and H.
Weber, H. Stoecker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Are we close to the QGP? - Hadrochemical vs. microscopic
analysis of particle production in ultrarelativistic heavy
ion collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {81},
Pages = {4092-4095},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9711032},
Abstract = {Ratios of hadronic abundances are analyzed for pp and
nucleus-nucleus collisions at sqrt(s)=20 GeV using the
microscopic transport model UrQMD. Secondary interactions
significantly change the primordial hadronic cocktail of the
system. A comparison to data shows a strong dependence on
rapidity. Without assuming thermal and chemical equilibrium,
predicted hadron yields and ratios agree with many of the
data, the few observed discrepancies are
discussed.},
Key = {fds3184}
}
@article{fds3186,
Author = {C. Spieles and L. Gerland and N. Hammon and M. Bleicher and S. A. Bass and H. Stoecker and W. Greiner and C. Lourenco and R.
Vogt},
Title = {A microscopic calculation of secondary Drell-Yan production
in heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {Eur. Phys. J. C},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {349-355},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9706525},
Abstract = {A study of secondary Drell-Yan production in nuclear
collisions is presented for SPS energies. In addition to the
lepton pairs produced in the initial collisions of the
projectile and target nucleons, we consider the potentially
high dilepton yield from hard valence antiquarks in produced
mesons and antibaryons. We calculate the secondary Drell-Yan
contributions taking the collision spectrum of hadrons from
the microscopic model URQMD. The contributions from
meson-baryon interactions, small in hadron-nucleus
interactions, are found to be substantial in nucleus-nucleus
collisions at low dilepton masses. Preresonance collisions
of partons may further increase the yields.},
Key = {fds3186}
}
@article{fds3187,
Author = {C. Hartnack and Rajeev K. Puri and J. Aichelin and J. Konopka and S.A.
Bass, H. Stoecker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Modelling the many-body dynamics of heavy ion collisions:
Present status and future perspective},
Journal = {Eur. J. Phys. A},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {151-169},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9811015},
Abstract = {Basic problems of the semiclassical microscopic modelling of
strongly interactingsystems are discussed within the
framework of Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD). This model
allows to study the influence of several types of nucleonic
interactions on a large variety of observables and phenomena
occurring in heavy ion collisions at relativistic
energies.It is shown that the same predictions can be
obtained with several -- numerically completely different
and independently written -- programs as far as the same
model parameters are employed and the same basic
approximations are made. Many observables are robust against
variations of the details of the model assumptions used.
Some of the physical results, however, depend also on rather
technical parameters like the preparation of the initial
configuration in phase space. This crucial problem is
connected with the description of the ground state of single
nuclei,which differs among the various approaches. An
outlook to an improved molecular dynamics scheme for heavy
ion collisions is given.},
Key = {fds3187}
}
@booklet{Soff97,
Author = {S. Soff and D. Ardouin and C. Spieles and S.A. Bass and H. Stocker and D.
Gourio, S. Schramm and C. Greiner and R. Lednicky and V.L.
Lyuboshitz, J.P. Coffin and C. Kuhn},
Title = {Search for the production of strangelets in quark matter
using particle correlations},
Journal = {J. Phys. G-Nucl. & Part. Phys.},
Volume = {23},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2095 -- 2105},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
Key = {Soff97}
}
@booklet{Stoecker97,
Author = {H. Stoecker and S.A. Bass and W. Greiner},
Title = {Critical review on Quark Gluon Plasma signals.},
Journal = {Abstracts Of Papers Of The American Chemical
Society},
Volume = {214},
Pages = {96 -- NUCL},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
Key = {Stoecker97}
}
@booklet{Soff97a,
Author = {S. Soff and S. A. Bass and M. Belkacem and M. Bleicher and M.
Brandstetter, C. Ernst and L. Gerland and W. Greiner and J. Konopka and S. Schramm and C. Spieles and H. Stoecker and H.
Weber},
Title = {Thermodynamic properties of heavy ion collisions.},
Journal = {Abstracts Of Papers Of The American Chemical
Society},
Volume = {214},
Pages = {81 -- NUCL},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
Key = {Soff97a}
}
@booklet{Winckelmann96,
Author = {L.A. Winckelmann and S.A. Bass and M. Bleicher and M. Brandstetter and A. Dumitru and C. Ernst and L. Gerland and J. Konopka and S. Soff and C.
Spieles, H. Weber and C. Hartnack and J. Aichelin and N. Amelin and H.
Stocker, W. Greiner},
Title = {Microscopic calculations of stopping, flow and
electromagnetic radiation from 160AMeV to
160AGeV},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Volume = {610},
Pages = {C116 -- C123},
Year = {1996},
Month = {December},
Key = {Winckelmann96}
}
@booklet{Bass96,
Author = {S.A. Bass and A. Bischoff and J.A. Maruhn and H. Stocker and W.
Greiner},
Title = {Neural networks for impact parameter determination},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {53},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2358 -- 2363},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
Key = {Bass96}
}
@booklet{Bass95,
Author = {S.A. Bass and C. Hartnack and H. Stocker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Transverse energy-dependence of neutron squeeze-out in
relativistic heavy-ion collisions},
Journal = {Zeitschrift Fur Physik A-hadrons And Nuclei},
Volume = {352},
Number = {2},
Pages = {171 -- 174},
Year = {1995},
Month = {July},
Key = {Bass95}
}
@booklet{Soff95,
Author = {S. Soff and S.A. Bass and C. Hartnack and H. Stocker and W.
Greiner},
Title = {Disappearance of flow},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {51},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3320 -- 3325},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
Key = {Soff95}
}
@booklet{Bass95a,
Author = {S.A. Bass and C. Hartnack and H. Stocker and W.
Greiner},
Title = {Azimuthal correlations of pions in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions at 1 gev/nucleon},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {51},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3343 -- 3356},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
Key = {Bass95a}
}
@booklet{Bass95b,
Author = {S.A. Bass and C. Hartnack and H. Stocker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Nucleon and baryon densities in heavy-ion collisions at 1
gev/nucl},
Journal = {Zeitschrift Fur Physik A-hadrons And Nuclei},
Volume = {351},
Number = {4},
Pages = {359 -- 360},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
Key = {Bass95b}
}
@booklet{Bass95c,
Author = {S.A. Bass and C. Hartnack and H. Stocker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Pi-n correlations probe the nuclear-equation of state in
relativistic heavy-ion collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {R12 -- R16},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
Key = {Bass95c}
}
@booklet{Bass94,
Author = {S.A. Bass and C. Hartnack and H. Stocker and W. Greiner},
Title = {High pt pions as probes of the dense phase of relativistic
heavy-ion collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {50},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2167 -- 2172},
Year = {1994},
Month = {October},
Key = {Bass94}
}
@booklet{Bass94a,
Author = {S.A. Bass and M. Hofmann and C. Hartnack and H. Stocker and W.
Greiner},
Title = {Probing delta-resonance production in au+au collisions at 1
gev/nucleon},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {335},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {289 -- 294},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
Key = {Bass94a}
}
@booklet{Bass94b,
Author = {S.A. Bass and A. Bischoff and C. Hartnack and J.A. Maruhn and J.
Reinhardt, H. Stocker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Neural networks for impact parameter determination},
Journal = {Journal Of Physics G-nuclear And Particle
Physics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {L21 -- L26},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
Key = {Bass94b}
}
@booklet{Bass93,
Author = {S.A. Bass and C. Hartnack and H. Stocker and W. Greiner},
Title = {Out-of-plane pion emission in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions - spectroscopy of delta-resonance
matter},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {71},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1144 -- 1147},
Year = {1993},
Month = {August},
Key = {Bass93}
}
@booklet{Bass93a,
Author = {S.A. Bass and R. Mattiello and H. Stocker and W. Greiner and C.
Hartnack},
Title = {Is collective pion flow anticorrelated to nucleon
flow},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {302},
Number = {4},
Pages = {381 -- 385},
Year = {1993},
Month = {April},
Key = {Bass93a}
}
%% Papers Submitted
@article{fds152616,
Author = {N. Demir and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Shear-Viscosity to Entropy Density Ratio of a Relativistic
Hadron Gas at RHIC: Approaching the AdS/CFT
bound?},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://arXiv.org/abs/0812.2422},
Key = {fds152616}
}
@article{fds152136,
Author = {S.A. Bass and C. Gale and A. Majumder and C. Nonaka and G.Y. Qin and T.
Renk and J. Ruppert},
Title = {Systematic Comparison of Jet Energy-Loss Schemes in a
realistic hydrodynamic medium},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://arXiv.org/abs/0808.0908},
Key = {fds152136}
}
%% Other
@article{fds42902,
Title = {Proceedings, Workshop for Young Scientists on the Physics of
Ultrarelativistic Nucleus Nucleus Collisions (Hot Quarks
2004)},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {S1-S619},
Editor = {F. Antinori and S.A. Bass and R. Bellwied and T. Ullrich and J.
Velkovska and U.A. Wiedemann},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds42902}
}
@article{fds28286,
Title = {Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on
Strangeness in Quark Matter , SQM 2003, March 12-17
2003},
Journal = {J. Phys. G.},
Volume = {30},
Pages = {1-632},
Editor = {S.A. Bass and B. Mueller and G.S.F. Stephans and T.
Ullrich},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds28286}
}