%% Papers Published
@article{fds245391,
Author = {Soff, S and Bass, SA and Hardtke, DH and Panitkin,
SY},
Title = {(Strange) meson interferometry at RHIC},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1885-1893},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0202019},
Abstract = {We make predictions for the kaon interferometry measurements
in Au+Au collisions at the relativistic heavy ion collider
(RHIC). A first-order phase transition from a thermalized
quark-gluon plasma (QGP) to a gas of hadrons is assumed for
the transport calculations. The fraction of kaons that are
directly emitted from the phase boundary is considerably
enhanced at large transverse momenta KT ∼ 1 GeV/c. In this
kinematic region, the sensitivity of the Rout/Aside ratio to
the QGP properties is enlarged. The results of the
one-dimensional correlation analysis are presented. The
extracted interferometry radii, depending on KT, are not
unusually large and are strongly affected by finite momentum
resolution effects.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/28/7/343},
Key = {fds245391}
}
@article{fds245301,
Author = {Song, H and Bass, SA and Heinz, UW and Hirano, T and Shen,
C},
Title = {200 A GeV Au+Au collisions serve a nearly perfect
quark-gluon liquid.},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {106},
Number = {19},
Pages = {192301},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1011.2783},
Abstract = {A new robust method to extract the specific shear viscosity
(η/s)(QGP) of a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at temperatures
T(c) < T ≲ 2T(c) from the centrality dependence of the
eccentricity-scaled elliptic flow v2/ε measured in
ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions is presented.
Coupling viscous fluid dynamics for the QGP with a
microscopic transport model for hadronic freeze-out we find
for 200 A GeV Au + Au collisions that v2/ε is a universal
function of multiplicity density (1/S)(dN(ch)/dy) that
depends only on the viscosity but not on the model used for
computing the initial fireball eccentricity ε. Comparing
with measurements we find 1<4π(η/s)(QGP) < 2.5 where the
uncertainty range is dominated by model uncertainties for
the values of ε used to normalize the measured
v2.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.106.192301},
Key = {fds245301}
}
@article{fds245326,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Bass, SA},
Title = {3-D hydro + cascade model at RHIC},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {774},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {873-876},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0510038},
Abstract = {We present a 3-D hydro + cascade model in which viscosity
and a realistic freezeout process for the hadronic phase are
taken into account. We compare our results to experimental
data and discuss the finite state interaction effects on
physical observables. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2006.06.155},
Key = {fds245326}
}
@article{fds332868,
Author = {Xu, Y and Nahrgang, M and Cao, S and Bernhard, JE and Bass,
SA},
Title = {A data-drive analysis for heavy quark diffusion
coefficient},
Journal = {EPJ Web of Conferences},
Volume = {171},
Pages = {18001-18001},
Publisher = {E D P SCIENCES},
Editor = {Mischke, A and Kuijer, P},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {9782759890330},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817118001},
Abstract = {We apply a Bayesian model-to-data analysis on an improved
Langevin framework to estimate the temperature and momentum
dependence of the heavy quark diffusion coefficient in the
quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The spatial diffusion coefficient
is found to have a minimum around 1-3 near Tc in the zero
momentum limit, and has a non-trivial momentum dependence.
With the estimated diffusion coefficient, our improved
Langevin model is able to simultaneously describe the
D-meson RAA and v2 in three different systems at RHIC and
the LHC.},
Doi = {10.1051/epjconf/201817118001},
Key = {fds332868}
}
@article{fds331112,
Author = {Xu, Y and Nahrgang, M and Bernhard, JE and Cao, S and Bass,
SA},
Title = {A data-driven analysis of the heavy quark transport
coefficient},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {967},
Pages = {668-671},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.05.035},
Abstract = {Using a Bayesian model-to-data analysis, we estimate the
temperature dependence of the heavy quark diffusion
coefficients by calibrating to the experimental data of
D-meson RAA and v2 in AuAu collisions (sNN=200 GeV) and PbPb
collisions (sNN=2.76 TeV) [G. Xie [STAR Collaboration],
Nucl. Phys. A 956, 473 (2016); A. Andronic et al., Eur.
Phys. J. C 76, no. 3, 107 (2016)]. The spatial diffusion
coefficient Ds2πT is found to be mostly constraint around
(1.3−1.5)Tc and is compatible with lattice QCD
calculations. We demonstrate the capability of our improved
Langevin model to simultaneously describe the RAA and v2 at
both RHIC and the LHC energies, as well as the feasibility
to apply a Bayesian analysis to quantitatively study the
heavy flavor transport in heavy-ion collisions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.05.035},
Key = {fds331112}
}
@article{fds375224,
Author = {Ji, Y and Mak, S and Soeder, D and Paquet, JF and Bass,
SA},
Title = {A Graphical Multi-Fidelity Gaussian Process Model, with
Application to Emulation of Heavy-Ion Collisions},
Journal = {Technometrics},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00401706.2023.2281940},
Abstract = {With advances in scientific computing and mathematical
modeling, complex scientific phenomena such as galaxy
formations and rocket propulsion can now be reliably
simulated. Such simulations can however be very
time-intensive, requiring millions of CPU hours to perform.
One solution is multi-fidelity emulation, which uses data of
different fidelities to train an efficient predictive model
which emulates the expensive simulator. For complex
scientific problems and with careful elicitation from
scientists, such multi-fidelity data may often be linked by
a directed acyclic graph (DAG) representing its scientific
model dependencies. We thus propose a new Graphical
Multi-fidelity Gaussian Process (GMGP) model, which embeds
this DAG structure (capturing scientific dependencies)
within a Gaussian process framework. We show that the GMGP
has desirable modeling traits via two Markov properties, and
admits a scalable algorithm for recursive computation of the
posterior mean and variance along at each depth level of the
DAG. We also present a novel experimental design methodology
over the DAG given an experimental budget, and propose a
nonlinear extension of the GMGP via deep Gaussian processes.
The advantages of the GMGP are then demonstrated via a suite
of numerical experiments and an application to emulation of
heavy-ion collisions, which can be used to study the
conditions of matter in the Universe shortly after the Big
Bang. The proposed model has broader uses in data fusion
applications with graphical structure, which we further
discuss.},
Doi = {10.1080/00401706.2023.2281940},
Key = {fds375224}
}
@article{fds245352,
Author = {Spieles, C and Gerland, L and Hammon, N and Bleicher, M and Bass, SA and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W and Lourenço, C and Vogt,
R},
Title = {A microscopic calculation of secondary Drell-Yan production
in heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {European Physical Journal C},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {349-355},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9706525},
Abstract = {A study of secondary Drell-Yan production in nuclear
collisions is presented for SPS energies. In addition to the
lepton pairs produced in the initial collisions of the
projectile and target nucleons, we consider the potentially
high dilepton yield from hard valence antiquarks in produced
mesons and antibaryons. We calculate the secondary Drell-Yan
contributions taking the collision spectrum of hadrons from
the microscopic model URQMD. The contributions from
meson-baryon interactions, small in hadron-nucleus
interactions, are found to be substantial in nucleus-nucleus
collisions at low dilepton masses. Preresonance collisions
of partons may further increase the yields.},
Doi = {10.1007/s100529800843},
Key = {fds245352}
}
@article{fds245289,
Author = {Petersen, H and Placa, RL and Bass, SA},
Title = {A systematic study of the sensitivity of triangular flow to
the initial state fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {5},
Pages = {055102-055102},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2012},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/0954-3899/39/5/055102/},
Abstract = {Experimental data from the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider
suggest that the quark gluon plasma behaves almost like an
ideal fluid. Due to its short lifetime, many QGP properties
can only be inferred indirectly through a comparison of the
final state measurements with transport model calculations.
Among the current phenomena of interest are the
interdependences between two collective flow phenomena,
elliptic and triangular flow. The former is mostly related
to the initial geometry and collective expansion of the
system whereas the latter is sensitive to the fluctuations
of the initial state. For our investigation we use a hybrid
transport model based on the ultra-relativistic quantum
molecular dynamics (UrQMD) transport approach using an ideal
hydrodynamic expansion for the hot and dense stage. Using
UrQMD initial conditions for an AuAu collision, particles
resulting from a collision are mapped into an energy density
distribution that is evolved event-by-event with a
hydrodynamic calculation. By averaging these distributions
over different numbers of events, we have studied how the
granularity/smoothness of the distribution affects the
initial eccentricity, the initial triangularity, and the
resulting flow components. The average elliptic flow in
non-central collisions is not sensitive to the granularity,
while triangular flow is. The triangularity might thus
provide a good measure of the amount of initial state
fluctuations that is necessary to reproduce the experimental
data. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/39/5/055102},
Key = {fds245289}
}
@article{fds245204,
Author = {Moreland, JS and Bernhard, JE and Bass, SA},
Title = {Alternative ansatz to wounded nucleon and binary collision
scaling in high-energy nuclear collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.92.011901},
Abstract = {We introduce a new parametric initial-condition model for
high-energy nuclear collisions based on eikonal entropy
deposition via a "reduced-thickness" function. The model
simultaneously describes experimental proton-proton,
proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus multiplicity
distributions and generates nucleus-nucleus eccentricity
harmonics consistent with experimental flow constraints. In
addition, the model is compatible with ultracentral
uranium-uranium data unlike existing models that include
binary collision terms.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.92.011901},
Key = {fds245204}
}
@article{fds304507,
Author = {Bass, SA and Hofmann, M and Bleicher, M and Bravina, L and Zabrodin, E and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Analysis of reaction dynamics at ultrarelativistic energies
in a combined parton-hadron transport approach},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {60},
Number = {2},
Pages = {219011-219015},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.60.021901},
Abstract = {We introduce a transport approach which combines partonic
and hadronic degrees of freedom on an equal footing and
discuss the resulting reaction dynamics. The initial parton
dynamics is modeled in the framework of the parton cascade
model, hadronization is performed via a cluster
hadronization model and configuration space coalescence, and
the hadronic phase is described by a microscopic hadronic
transport approach. The resulting reaction dynamics indicate
a strong influence of hadronic rescattering on the
space-time pattern of hadronic freeze-out and on the shape
of transverse mass spectra. Freeze-out times and transverse
radii increase by factors of 2-3 depending on the hadron
species.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.60.021901},
Key = {fds304507}
}
@article{fds245322,
Author = {Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Müller, B},
Title = {Anomalous transport processes in anisotropically expanding
quark-gluon plasmas},
Journal = {Progress of Theoretical Physics},
Volume = {116},
Number = {4},
Pages = {725-755},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0033-068X},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0608270},
Abstract = {We derive an expression for the anomalous viscosity in an
anisotropically expanding quark-gluon-plasma, which arises
from interactions of thermal partons with dynamically
generated color fields. The anomalous viscosity dominates
over the collisional viscosity for large velocity gradients
or weak coupling. This effect may provide an explanation for
the apparent "nearly perfect" liquidity of the matter
produced in nuclear collisions at RHIC without the
assumption that it is a strongly coupled
state.},
Doi = {10.1143/PTP.116.725},
Key = {fds245322}
}
@article{fds245302,
Author = {Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Müller, B},
Title = {Anomalous transport processes in turbulent non-Abelian
plasmas},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {854},
Number = {1},
Pages = {76-80},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1008.3496},
Abstract = {Turbulent color fields, which can arise in the early and
late stages of relativistic heavy ion collisions, may
contribute significantly to the transport processes in the
matter created in these collisions. We review the theory of
these anomalous transport processes and discuss their
possible phenomenology in the glasma and quasistationary
expanding quark-gluon plasma. © 2010 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2010.07.013},
Key = {fds245302}
}
@article{fds245318,
Author = {Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Müller, B},
Title = {Anomalous viscosity of an expanding quark-gluon
plasma},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {8},
Pages = {S839-S842},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arXiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0702007},
Abstract = {We argue that an expanding quark-gluon plasma has an
anomalous viscosity, which arises from interactions with
dynamically generated colour fields. The anomalous viscosity
dominates over the collisional viscosity for large velocity
gradients or weak coupling. This effect may provide an
explanation for the apparent near-perfect liquidity of the
matter produced in nuclear collisions at RHIC without the
assumption that it is a strongly coupled state. © 2007 IOP
Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S108},
Key = {fds245318}
}
@article{fds245324,
Author = {Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Müller, B},
Title = {Anomalous viscosity of an expanding quark-gluon
plasma.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {96},
Number = {25},
Pages = {252301},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0603092},
Abstract = {We argue that an expanding quark-gluon plasma has an
anomalous viscosity, which arises from interactions with
dynamically generated color fields. We derive an expression
for the anomalous viscosity in the turbulent plasma domain
and apply it to the hydrodynamic expansion phase, when the
quark-gluon plasma is near equilibrium. The anomalous
viscosity dominates over the collisional viscosity for weak
coupling and not too late times. This effect may provide an
explanation for the apparent "nearly perfect" liquidity of
the matter produced in nuclear collisions at the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider without the assumption that
it is a strongly coupled state.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.96.252301},
Key = {fds245324}
}
@article{fds287561,
Author = {Bleicher, MJ and Bass, SA},
Title = {Anti-ω dominance in pp interactions at intermediate
energies},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1965-1969},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/28/7/354},
Abstract = {The Ω+/Ω-ratio originating from string decays is predicted
to be >1 in pp interaction at SPS energies. The anti-Ω
dominance increases with decreasing beam energy. This
surprising behaviour is caused by the combinatorics of
quark-antiquark production in small, finite strings. Since
this behaviour is not found in a statistical description of
hadron production in pp collisions, it may serve as a potent
observable to probe the hadronization mechanism in such
collisions.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/28/7/354},
Key = {fds287561}
}
@article{fds322930,
Author = {Bernhard, JE and Moreland, JS and Bass, SA and Liu, J and Heinz,
U},
Title = {Applying Bayesian parameter estimation to relativistic
heavy-ion collisions: Simultaneous characterization of the
initial state and quark-gluon plasma medium},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {94},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.94.024907},
Abstract = {We quantitatively estimate properties of the quark-gluon
plasma created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
utilizing Bayesian statistics and a multiparameter
model-to-data comparison. The study is performed using a
recently developed parametric initial condition model,
TRENTo, which interpolates among a general class of particle
production schemes, and a modern hybrid model which couples
viscous hydrodynamics to a hadronic cascade. We calibrate
the model to multiplicity, transverse momentum, and flow
data and report constraints on the parametrized initial
conditions and the temperature-dependent transport
coefficients of the quark-gluon plasma. We show that initial
entropy deposition is consistent with a saturation-based
picture, extract a relation between the minimum value and
slope of the temperature-dependent specific shear viscosity,
and find a clear signal for a nonzero bulk
viscosity.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.94.024907},
Key = {fds322930}
}
@article{fds304519,
Author = {Bass, SA and Belkacem, M and Brandstetter, M and Bleicher, M and Gerland, L and Konopka, J and Neise, L and Spieles, C and Soff, S and Weber, H and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Are we close to an equilibrated quark-gluon plasma?
Nonequilibrium analysis of particle production in
ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {81},
Number = {19},
Pages = {4092-4095},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1998},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.4092},
Abstract = {Ratios of hadronic abundances are analyzed for pp and
nucleus-nucleus collisions at √s≈20 GeV using the
microscopic ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics
transport model.Secondary interactions significantly change
the primordial hadronic composition of the system.A strong
dependence on rapidity is predicted.Without assuming thermal
and chemical equilibrium, predicted hadron yields and ratios
agree with many of the data (π/p, d/p, p¯/p, Λ¯/Λ,
Ξ¯/Λ¯ © 1998 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.4092},
Key = {fds304519}
}
@article{fds245397,
Author = {Bass, SA and Belkacem, M and Brandstetter, M and Bleicher, M and Gerland, L and Konopka, J and Neise, L and Spieles, C and Soff, S and Weber, H and Stoecker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Are we close to the QGP? - Hadrochemical vs. microscopic
analysis of particle production in ultrarelativistic heavy
ion collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {81},
Number = {19},
Pages = {4092-4095},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9711032},
Abstract = {Ratios of hadronic abundances are analyzed for pp and
nucleus-nucleus collisions at sqrt(s)=20 GeV using the
microscopic transport model UrQMD. Secondary interactions
significantly change the primordial hadronic cocktail of the
system. A comparison to data shows a strong dependence on
rapidity. Without assuming thermal and chemical equilibrium,
predicted hadron yields and ratios agree with many of the
data, the few observed discrepancies are
discussed.},
Key = {fds245397}
}
@article{fds348387,
Author = {BASS, SA and HARTNACK, C and STOCKER, H and GREINER,
W},
Title = {AZIMUTHAL ANISOTROPIES OF PIONS IN HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS - A
NEW CHANCE OF PROBING THE HOT AND DENSE REACTION
PHASE},
Journal = {FRONTIER TOPICS IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS},
Volume = {334},
Pages = {439-440},
Publisher = {PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP},
Editor = {Scheid, W and Sandulescu, A},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-306-44831-9},
Key = {fds348387}
}
@booklet{Bass95a,
Author = {Bass, SA and Hartnack, C and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Azimuthal correlations of pions in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions at 1 GeV/nucleon.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3343-3356},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.51.3343},
Abstract = {Triple differential cross sections of pions in heavy ion
collisions at 1 GeV/nucleon are studied with the isospin
quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model. After discussing
general properties of Δ resonance and pion production we
focus on azimuthal correlations: At projectile- and
target-rapidities we observe an anticorrelation in the
in-plane transverse momentum between pions and protons. At
c.m.-rapidity, however, we find that high pt pions are being
preferentially emitted perpendicular to the event plane. We
investigate the causes of those correlations and their
sensitivity on the density and momentum dependence of the
real and imaginary part of the nucleon and pion optical
potential. © 1995 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.51.3343},
Key = {Bass95a}
}
@article{fds331111,
Author = {Nahrgang, M and Bluhm, M and Schäfer, T and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Baryon number diffusion with critical fluctuations},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {967},
Pages = {824-827},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.04.021},
Abstract = {The description of dynamical fluctuations near the QCD
critical point in heavy-ion collisions is crucial for
understanding the existing and upcoming experimental data
from the beam energy scan programs. In this talk we discuss
the evolution of fluctuations of the net-baryon density as
given by a stochastic diffusion equation. We study
equilibrium as well as dynamical systems for which we can
show the impact of nonequilibrium effects on the
second-order moment.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.04.021},
Key = {fds331111}
}
@article{fds348979,
Author = {Moreland, JS and Bernhard, JE and Bass, SA},
Title = {Bayesian calibration of a hybrid nuclear collision model
using p-Pb and Pb-Pb data at energies available at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {101},
Number = {2},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.024911},
Abstract = {We posit a unified hydrodynamic and microscopic description
of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) produced in
ultrarelativistic p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV
and evaluate our assertion using Bayesian inference.
Specifically, we model the dynamics of both collision
systems using initial conditions with parametric nucleon
substructure, a preequilibrium free streaming stage,
event-by-event viscous hydrodynamics, and a microscopic
hadronic afterburner. Free parameters of the model, which
describe the initial state and QGP medium are then
simultaneously calibrated to fit charged-particle yields,
mean pT, and flow cumulants. We argue that the global
agreement of the calibrated model with the experimental data
strongly supports the existence of hydrodynamic flow in
small collision systems at ultrarelativistic energies, and
that the flow produced develops at length scales smaller
than a single proton. Posterior estimates for the model's
input parameters are obtained, and new insights into the
temperature dependence of the QGP transport coefficients and
event-by-event structure of the proton are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.101.024911},
Key = {fds348979}
}
@article{fds345883,
Author = {Bernhard, JE and Moreland, JS and Bass, SA},
Title = {Bayesian estimation of the specific shear and bulk viscosity
of quark–gluon plasma},
Journal = {Nature Physics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1113-1117},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0611-8},
Abstract = {Ultrarelativistic collisions of heavy atomic nuclei produce
an extremely hot and dense phase of matter, known as
quark–gluon plasma (QGP), which behaves like a
near-perfect fluid with the smallest specific shear
viscosity—the ratio of the shear viscosity to the entropy
density—of any known substance1. Due to its transience
(lifetime ~ 10−23 s) and microscopic size (10−14 m), the
QGP cannot be observed directly, but only through the
particles it emits; however, its characteristics can be
inferred by matching the output of computational collision
models to experimental observations. Previous work, using
viscous relativistic hydrodynamics to simulate QGP, has
achieved semiquantitative constraints on key physical
properties, such as its specific shear and bulk viscosity,
but with large, poorly defined uncertainties2–8. Here, we
present the most precise estimates so far of QGP properties,
including their quantitative uncertainties. By applying
established Bayesian parameter estimation methods9 to a
dynamical collision model and a wide variety of experimental
data, we extract estimates of the temperature-dependent
specific shear and bulk viscosity simultaneously with
related initial-condition properties. The method is
extensible to other collision models and experimental data
and may be used to characterize additional aspects of
high-energy nuclear collisions.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41567-019-0611-8},
Key = {fds345883}
}
@article{fds325390,
Author = {Bluhm, M and Nahrgang, M and Bass, SA and Schäfer,
T},
Title = {Behavior of universal critical parameters in the QCD phase
diagram},
Journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
Volume = {779},
Number = {1},
Pages = {012074-012074},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/779/1/012074},
Abstract = {We determine the dependence of important parameters for
critical fluctuations on temperature and baryon chemical
potential in the QCD phase diagram. The analysis is based on
an identification of the fluctuations of the order parameter
obtained from the Ising model equation of state and the
Ginzburg-Landau effective potential approach. The impact of
the mapping from Ising model variables to QCD thermodynamics
is discussed.},
Doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/779/1/012074},
Key = {fds325390}
}
@article{fds304510,
Author = {Wong, SMH and Belkacem, M and Kapusta, JI and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Stöcker, H},
Title = {Bremsstrahlung from a microscopic model of relativistic
heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {63},
Number = {1},
Pages = {149031-149039},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.63.014903},
Abstract = {We compute bremsstrahlung arising from the acceleration of
individual charged baryons and mesons during the time
evolution of high-energy Au + Au collisions at the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider using a microscopic
transport model. We elucidate the connection between
bremsstrahlung and charge stopping by colliding artificial
pure proton on pure neutron nuclei. From the intensity of
low energy bremsstrahlung, the time scale and the degree of
stopping could be accurately extracted without measuring any
hadronic observables.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.63.014903},
Key = {fds304510}
}
@article{fds245355,
Author = {Bleicher, M and Belkacem, M and Ernst, C and Weber, H and Gerland, L and Spieles, C and Bass, SA and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Can momentum correlations prove kinetic equilibration in
heavy ion collisions at 160 AGeV?},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {435},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {9-12},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {September},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9803345},
Abstract = {We perform an event-by-event analysis of the transverse
momentum distribution of final state particles in central
Pb(160 AGeV) + Pb collisions within a microscopic
non-equilibrium transport model (UrQMD). Strong influence of
rescattering is found. The extracted momentum distributions
show less fluctuations in A + A collisions than in p + p
reactions. This is in contrast to simplified p + p
extrapolations and random walk models. © 1998 Elsevier
Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00831-4},
Key = {fds245355}
}
@article{fds245288,
Author = {Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Mueller, B},
Title = {Center Domains and their Phenomenological
Consequences},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {110},
Number = {20},
Pages = {202301},
Year = {2012},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1208.2426},
Abstract = {We argue that the domain structure of deconfined QCD matter,
which can be inferred from the properties of the Polyakov
loop, can simultaneously explain the two most prominent
experimentally verified features of the quark-gluon plasma,
namely its large opacity as well as its near ideal fluid
properties.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.110.202301},
Key = {fds245288}
}
@article{fds245207,
Author = {Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Mueller, B},
Title = {Center domains and their phenomenological consequences in
ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {931},
Pages = {1120-1124},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.08.005},
Abstract = {We argue that the domain structure of deconfined QCD matter,
which can be inferred from the properties of the Polyakov
loop, can simultaneously explain the two most prominent
experimental features of the quark-gluon plasma, namely its
near ideal fluid properties and its large
opacity.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.08.005},
Key = {fds245207}
}
@article{fds331108,
Author = {Bernhard, JE and Moreland, JS and Bass, SA},
Title = {Characterization of the initial state and QGP medium from a
combined Bayesian analysis of LHC data at 2.76 and 5.02
TeV},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {967},
Pages = {293-296},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.05.037},
Abstract = {We perform a global Bayesian analysis of a modern
event-by-event heavy-ion collision model and LHC data at
s=2.76 and 5.02 TeV. After calibration, the model
simultaneously describes multiplicity, transverse momentum,
and flow data at both beam energies. We report new
constraints on the scaling of initial-state entropy
deposition and QGP transport coefficients, including a
quantitative estimate of the temperature-dependent shear
viscosity (η/s)(T).},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.05.037},
Key = {fds331108}
}
@article{fds245400,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Asakawa, M and Bass, SA},
Title = {Charge fluctuation observables at RHIC},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {S243-S249},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/30/1/028},
Abstract = {We discuss net charge event-by-event fluctuations in
microscopic transport models with emphasis on hadronization
schemes and rescattering effects.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/30/1/028},
Key = {fds245400}
}
@article{fds245206,
Author = {Younus, M and Coleman-Smith, CE and Bass, SA and Srivastava,
DK},
Title = {Charm quark energy loss in infinite QCD matter using a
parton cascade model},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.024912},
Abstract = {We utilize the parton cascade model to study the evolution
of charm quarks propagating through a thermal brick of QCD
matter. We determine the energy loss and the transport
coefficient q for charm quarks. The calculations are done at
a constant temperature of 350 MeV and the results are
compared to analytical calculations of heavy-quark energy
loss in order to validate the applicability of using a
parton cascade model for the study of heavy-quark dynamics
in hot and dense QCD matter.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.91.024912},
Key = {fds245206}
}
@article{fds245386,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Zabrodin, EE and Bass, SA and Faessler, A and Fuchs, C and Gorenstein, MI and Greiner, W and Soff, S and Stöcker, H and Weber,
H},
Title = {Chemical freeze-out parameters at RHIC from microscopic
model calculations},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {698},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {383-386},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0104023},
Abstract = {The relaxation of hot nuclear matter to an equilibrated
state in the central zone of heavy-ion collisions at
energies from AGS to RHIC is studied within the microscopic
UrQMD model. It is found that the system reaches the
(quasi)equilibrium stage for the period of 10-15 fm/$c$.
Within this time the matter in the cell expands nearly
isentropically with the entropy to baryon ratio $S/A = 150 -
170$. Thermodynamic characteristics of the system at AGS and
at SPS energies at the endpoints of this stage are very
close to the parameters of chemical and thermal freeze-out
extracted from the thermal fit to experimental data.
Predictions are made for the full RHIC energy $\sqrt{s} =
200$ AGeV. The formation of a resonance-rich state at RHIC
energies is discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(01)01385-9},
Key = {fds245386}
}
@article{fds245410,
Author = {Bass, SA and Danielewicz, P and Pratt, S},
Title = {Clocking hadronization in relativistic heavy-Ion collisions
with balance functions},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {85},
Number = {13},
Pages = {2689-2692},
Year = {2000},
Month = {September},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0005044},
Abstract = {A novel state of matter has been hypothesized to exist
during the early stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions,
with normal hadrons not appearing until several fm/c after
the start of the reaction. To test this hypothesis,
correlations between charges and their associated
anticharges are evaluated with the use of balance functions.
It is shown that late-stage hadronization is characterized
by tightly correlated charge-anticharge pairs when measured
as a function of relative rapidity.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.85.2689},
Key = {fds245410}
}
@article{fds348386,
Author = {BASS, SA and HARTNACK, C and MATTIELLO, R and STOCKER, H and GREINER,
W},
Title = {COLLECTIVE EFFECTS OF MESONS AT SIS ENERGIES},
Journal = {HOT AND DENSE NUCLEAR MATTER},
Volume = {335},
Pages = {463-474},
Publisher = {PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP},
Editor = {Greiner, W and Stocker, H and Gallmann, A},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-306-44885-8},
Key = {fds348386}
}
@article{fds348385,
Author = {Dumitru, A and Bass, SA},
Title = {Collective evolution of hot QCD matter from the QGP to
freeze-out},
Journal = {INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS},
Volume = {549},
Pages = {359-362},
Publisher = {AMER INST PHYSICS},
Editor = {Parsa, Z and Marciano, WJ},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1-56396-978-5},
Key = {fds348385}
}
@article{fds245287,
Author = {Cao, S and Qin, GY and Bass, SA and Mueller, B},
Title = {Collisional vs. Radiative Energy Loss of Heavy Quark in a
Hot and Dense Nuclear Matter},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {904-905},
Pages = {653c-656c},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1209.5410},
Abstract = {We study the heavy quark evolution in a quark-gluon plasma
medium within the framework of Langevin equation coupled to
a (2 + 1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model. We modify
the current Langevin algorithm such that apart from
quasi-elastic scattering, medium-induced radiative energy
loss is incorporated as well by treating gluon radiation as
an extra force term. We find a significant effect of gluon
radiation on heavy quark energy loss at LHC energies. Our
calculation provides a good description of the D meson
suppression measured by ALICE experiment, and makes a
prediction for B meson suppression and flow. © 2013
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2013.02.100},
Key = {fds245287}
}
@article{fds245271,
Author = {Alabi, OS and Wu, X and Harter, JM and Phadke, M and Pinto, L and Petersen,
H and Bass, S and Keifer, M and Zhong, S and Healey, C and Taylor,
RM},
Title = {Comparative Visualization of Ensembles Using Ensemble
Surface Slicing.},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {8294},
Pages = {82940U},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.908288},
Abstract = {By definition, an ensemble is a set of surfaces or volumes
derived from a series of simulations or experiments.
Sometimes the series is run with different initial
conditions for one parameter to determine parameter
sensitivity. The understanding and identification of visual
similarities and differences among the shapes of members of
an ensemble is an acute and growing challenge for
researchers across the physical sciences. More specifically,
the task of gaining spatial understanding and identifying
similarities and differences between multiple complex
geometric data sets <i>simultaneously</i> has proved
challenging. This paper proposes a comparison and
visualization technique to support the visual study of
parameter sensitivity. We present a novel single-image view
and sampling technique which we call Ensemble Surface
Slicing (ESS). ESS produces a single image that is useful
for determining differences and similarities between
surfaces simultaneously from several data sets. We
demonstrate the usefulness of ESS on two real-world data
sets from our collaborators.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.908288},
Key = {fds245271}
}
@article{fds370366,
Author = {Weiss, B and Paquet, JF and Bass, SA},
Title = {Computational budget optimization for Bayesian parameter
estimation in heavy-ion collisions},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {50},
Number = {6},
Pages = {065104-065104},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/acd0c7},
Abstract = {Bayesian parameter estimation provides a systematic approach
to compare heavy-ion collision models with measurements,
leading to constraints on the properties of nuclear matter
with proper accounting of experimental and theoretical
uncertainties. Aside from statistical and systematic model
uncertainties, interpolation uncertainties can also play a
role in Bayesian inference, if the model’s predictions can
only be calculated at a limited set of model parameters.
This uncertainty originates from using an emulator to
interpolate the model’s prediction across a continuous
space of parameters. In this work, we study the trade-offs
between the emulator (interpolation) and statistical
uncertainties. We perform the analysis using spatial
eccentricities from the TRENTo model of initial conditions
for nuclear collisions. Given a fixed computational budget,
we study the optimal compromise between the number of
parameter samples and the number of collisions simulated per
parameter sample. For the observables and parameters used in
the present study, we find that the best constraints are
achieved when the number of parameter samples is slightly
smaller than the number of collisions simulated per
parameter sample.},
Doi = {10.1088/1361-6471/acd0c7},
Key = {fds370366}
}
@article{fds245297,
Author = {Petersen, H and Coleman-Smith, C and Bass, SA and Wolpert,
R},
Title = {Constraining the initial state granularity with bulk
observables in Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200
GeV},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {045102-045102},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1012.4629},
Abstract = {In this paper we conduct a systematic study of the
granularity of the initial state of hot and dense QCD matter
produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions and its
influence on bulk observables like particle yields, mT
spectra and elliptic flow. For our investigation we use a
hybrid transport model, based on (3+1)D hydrodynamics and a
microscopic Boltzmann transport approach. The initial
conditions are generated by a non-equilibrium hadronic
transport approach and the size of their fluctuations can be
adjusted by defining a Gaussian smoothing parameter σ. The
dependence of the hydrodynamic evolution on the choices of
σ and tstart is explored by means of a Gaussian emulator.
To generate particle yields and elliptic flow that are
compatible with experimental data the initial state
parameters are constrained to be σ = 1 fm and tstart = 0.5
fm. In addition, the influence of changes in the equation of
state is studied and the results of our event-by-event
calculations are compared to a calculation with averaged
initial conditions. We conclude that even though the initial
state parameters can be constrained by yields and elliptic
flow, the granularity needs to be constrained by other
correlation and fluctuation observables. © 2011 IOP
Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/38/4/045102},
Key = {fds245297}
}
@article{fds353980,
Author = {Park, C and Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Everett,
D and Fan, W and Fries, R and Gale, C and Garza, F and He, Y and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Ke, W and Khalaj, E and Kim, B and II, MK and Kumar, A and Liyanage, D and Luo, T and Luzum, M and Majumder, A and McNelis, M and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pang, LG and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Tachibana, Y and Vujanovic, G and Wang,
X-N and Wolpert, RL and Xu, Y},
Title = {Constraints on jet quenching from a multi-stage energy-loss
approach},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {We present a multi-stage model for jet evolution through a
quark-gluon plasma within the JETSCAPE framework. The
multi-stage approach in JETSCAPE provides a unified
description of distinct phases in jet shower contingent on
the virtuality. We demonstrate a simultaneous description of
leading hadron and integrated jet observables as well as jet
$v_n$ using tuned parameters. Medium response to the jet
quenching is implemented based on a weakly-coupled recoil
prescription. We also explore the cone-size dependence of
jet energy loss inside the plasma.},
Key = {fds353980}
}
@article{fds333787,
Author = {Ke, W and Scott Moreland and J and Bernhard, JE and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Constraints on rapidity-dependent initial conditions from
charged particle pseudorapidity densities and correlations
at the LHC},
Journal = {Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings},
Volume = {289-290},
Pages = {483-486},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2017.05.113},
Abstract = {The initial three-dimensional entropy distribution of the
quark-gluon plasma produced in relativistic heavy-ion
collision is systematically studied using parametric initial
conditions. We apply a cumulant generating function approach
to parametrize the rapidity dependence of local entropy
deposition and extend the boost-invariant initial condition
model TRENTo to include longitudinal structure. Two
different parametrizations are tested and their parameters
optimized by comparing to centrality dependent charged
particle pseudorapidity densities of p+Pb (5.02A TeV) and
Pb+Pb (2.76A TeV) using Bayesian inference. Successful
parametrizations are then selected based on their ability to
describe two-particle psuedorapidity correlations. Finally,
we predict the pseudorapidity dependent flows and
event-plane decorrelations using the optimized initial
conditions and a 3+1D hybrid hydro+micro
model.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2017.05.113},
Key = {fds333787}
}
@article{fds331113,
Author = {Ke, W and Moreland, JS and Bernhard, JE and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Constraints on rapidity-dependent initial conditions from
charged-particle pseudorapidity densities and two-particle
correlations},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {96},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.044912},
Abstract = {We study the initial three-dimensional spatial configuration
of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) produced in relativistic
heavy-ion collisions using centrality and
pseudorapidity-dependent measurements of the medium's
charged particle density and two-particle correlations. A
cumulant-generating function is first used to parametrize
the rapidity dependence of local entropy deposition and
extend arbitrary boost-invariant initial conditions to
nonzero beam rapidities. The model is then compared to p+Pb
and Pb + Pb charged-particle pseudorapidity densities and
two-particle pseudorapidity correlations and systematically
optimized using Bayesian parameter estimation to extract
high-probability initial condition parameters. The optimized
initial conditions are then compared to a number of
experimental observables including the pseudorapidity-dependent
anisotropic flows, event-plane decorrelations, and flow
correlations. We find that the form of the initial local
longitudinal entropy profile is well constrained by these
experimental measurements.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.96.044912},
Key = {fds331113}
}
@article{fds245328,
Author = {Fries, RJ and Bass, SA and Müller, B},
Title = {Correlated emission of hadrons from recombination of
correlated partons.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {94},
Number = {12},
Pages = {122301},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.94.122301},
Abstract = {We discuss different sources of hadron correlations in
relativistic heavy ion collisions. We show that correlations
among partons in a quasithermal medium can lead to the
correlated emission of hadrons by quark recombination and
argue that this mechanism offers a plausible explanation for
the dihadron correlations in the few GeV/c momentum range
observed in Au+Au collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy
Ion Collider.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.94.122301},
Key = {fds245328}
}
@article{fds245327,
Author = {Bass, SA and Fries, RJ and Müller, B},
Title = {Correlations in the Parton Recombination
Model},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {774},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {635-638},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0510084},
Abstract = {We describe how parton recombination can address the recent
measurement of dynamical jet-like two particle correlations.
In addition we discuss the possible effect realistic
light-cone wave-functions including higher Fock-states may
have on the well-known elliptic flow valence-quark number
scaling law. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2006.06.103},
Key = {fds245327}
}
@article{fds353951,
Author = {Yao, X and Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, SA and Müller,
B},
Title = {Coupled Boltzmann Transport Equations of Heavy Quarks and
Quarkonia in Quark-Gluon Plasma},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We develop a framework of coupled transport equations for
open heavy flavor and quarkonium states, in order to
describe their transport inside the quark-gluon plasma. Our
framework is capable of studying simultaneously both open
and hidden heavy flavor observables in heavy-ion collision
experiments and can account for both, uncorrelated and
correlated recombination. Our recombination implementation
depends on real-time open heavy quark and antiquark
distributions. We carry out consistency tests to show how
the interplay among open heavy flavor transport, quarkonium
dissociation and recombination drives the system to
equilibrium. We then apply our framework to study
bottomonium production in heavy-ion collisions. We include
$\Upsilon(1S)$, $\Upsilon(2S)$, $\Upsilon(3S)$, $\chi_b(1P)$
and $\chi_b(2P)$ in the framework and take feed-down
contributions during the hadronic gas stage into account.
Cold nuclear matter effects are included by using nuclear
parton distribution functions for the initial primordial
heavy flavor production. A calibrated $2+1$ dimensional
viscous hydrodynamics is used to describe the bulk QCD
medium. We calculate both the nuclear modification factor
$R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ of all bottomonia states and the azimuthal
angular anisotropy coefficient $v_2$ of the $\Upsilon(1S)$
state and find that our results agree reasonably with
experimental measurements. Our calculations indicate that
correlated cross-talk recombination is an important
production mechanism of bottomonium in current heavy-ion
experiments. The importance of correlated recombination can
be tested experimentally by measuring the ratio of
$R_{\mathrm{AA}}(\chi_b(1P))$ and $R_{\mathrm{AA}}(\Upsilon(2S))$.},
Key = {fds353951}
}
@article{fds353979,
Author = {Yao, X and Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, SA and Müller,
B},
Title = {Coupled Transport Equations for Quarkonium Production in
Heavy Ion Collisions},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Motivated by recent applications of the open quantum system
formalism to understand quarkonium transport in the
quark-gluon plasma, we develop a set of coupled Boltzmann
equations for open heavy quark-antiquark pairs and
quarkonia. Our approach keeps track of the correlation
between the heavy quark-antiquark pair from quarkonium
dissociation and thus is able to account for both
uncorrelated and correlated recombination. By solving the
coupled Boltzmann equations for current heavy ion collision
experiments, we find correlated recombination is crucial to
describe the data of bottomonia nuclear modification
factors. To further test the importance of correlated
recombination in experiments, we propose a new observable:
$\frac{R_{AA}[\chi_b(1P)]}{R_{AA}[\Upsilon(2S)]}$. Future
measurements of this ratio will help distinguish
calculations with and without correlated
recombination.},
Key = {fds353979}
}
@article{fds245283,
Author = {Scherer, S and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Belkacem, M and Bravina, L and Brachmann, J and Dumitru, A and Ernst, C and Gerland, L and Hofmann, M and Neise, L and Reiter, M and Soff, S and Spieles, C and Weber, H and Zabrodin, E and Zschiesche, D and Maruhn, JA and Stöcker, H and Griener, W},
Title = {Critical review of quark gluon plasma signatures},
Journal = {Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {279-293},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0146-6410(99)00083-6},
Abstract = {Nonequilibrium models (three-fluid hydrodynamics and UrQMD)
are used to discuss the uniqueness of often proposed
experimental signatures for quark matter formation in
relativistic heavy ion collisions. It is demonstrated that
these two models - although they do treat the most
interesting early phase of the collisions quite differently
(thermalizing QGP vs. coherent color fields with virtual
particles) - both yield a reasonable agreement with a large
variety of the available heavy ion data. Hadron/hyperon
yields, including J/Ψ meson production/suppression, strange
matter formation, dileptons, and directed flow (bounce-off
and squeeze-out) are investigated. Observations of
interesting phenomena in dense matter are reported. However,
we emphasize the need for systematic future measurements to
search for simultaneous irregularities in the excitation
functions of several observables in order to come close to
pinning the properties of hot, dense QCD matter from
data.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0146-6410(99)00083-6},
Key = {fds245283}
}
@booklet{Stoecker97,
Author = {Stoecker, H and Bass, SA and Greiner, W},
Title = {Critical review on Quark Gluon Plasma signals.},
Journal = {Abstracts Of Papers Of The American Chemical
Society},
Volume = {214},
Pages = {96-NUCL},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
Key = {Stoecker97}
}
@article{fds245236,
Author = {Zschiesche, D and Bass, S and Bleicher, M and Brachmann, J and Gerland,
L and Paech, K and Scherer, S and Soff, S and Spieles, C and Weber, H and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Current Status of Quark-Gluon Plasma Signals},
Journal = {Acta Physica Hungarica New Series Heavy Ion
Physics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {425-438},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2001},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/APH.14.2001.1-4.40},
Abstract = {Compelling evidence for the creation of a new form of matter
has been claimed to be found in Pb+Pb collisions at SPS. We
discuss the uniqueness of often proposed experimental
signatures for quark matter formation in relativistic heavy
ion collisions. It is demonstrated that so far none of the
proposed signals like J/ψ meson production/suppression,
strangeness enhancement, dileptons, and directed flow
unambiguously show that a phase of deconfined matter has
been formed in SPS Pb+Pb collisions. We emphasize the need
for systematic future measurements to search for
simultaneous irregularities in the excitation functions of
several observables in order to come close to pinning the
properties of hot, dense QCD matter from
data.},
Doi = {10.1556/APH.14.2001.1-4.40},
Key = {fds245236}
}
@article{fds332869,
Author = {Xu, Y and Bernhard, JE and Bass, SA and Nahrgang, M and Cao,
S},
Title = {Data-driven analysis for the temperature and momentum
dependence of the heavy-quark diffusion coefficient in
relativistic heavy-ion collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {97},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.014907},
Abstract = {By applying a Bayesian model-to-data analysis, we estimate
the temperature and momentum dependence of the heavy quark
diffusion coefficient in an improved Langevin framework. The
posterior range of the diffusion coefficient is obtained by
performing a Markov chain Monte Carlo random walk and
calibrating on the experimental data of D-meson RAA and v2
in three different collision systems at the Relativistic
Heavy-Ion Collidaer (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider
(LHC): Au-Au collisions at 200 GeV and Pb-Pb collisions at
2.76 and 5.02 TeV. The spatial diffusion coefficient is
found to be consistent with lattice QCD calculations and
comparable with other models' estimation. We demonstrate the
capability of our improved Langevin model to simultaneously
describe the RAA and v2 at both RHIC and the LHC energies,
as well as the higher order flow coefficient such as D meson
v3. We show that by applying a Bayesian analysis, we are
able to quantitatively and systematically study the heavy
flavor dynamics in heavy-ion collisions.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.97.014907},
Key = {fds332869}
}
@article{fds333786,
Author = {Xu, Y and Cao, S and Nahrgang, M and Bernhard, JE and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Data-driven analysis of the temperature dependence of the
heavy-quark transport coefficient},
Journal = {Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings},
Volume = {289-290},
Pages = {257-260},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2017.05.058},
Abstract = {By applying a Bayesian model-to-data comparison, our
improved Langevin transport model simultaneously describes
the D-meson nuclear modification factor RAA and elliptic
flow v2 in heavy-ion collisions at both RHIC and LHC
energies on an event-by-event basis. We extract the
diffusion coefficients of charm quarks in a quark-gluon
plasma medium and find the resulting spatial diffusion
coefficient Ds is compatible with lattice QCD
calculations.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2017.05.058},
Key = {fds333786}
}
@article{fds374207,
Author = {Sorensen, A and Agarwal, K and Brown, KW and Chajęcki, Z and Danielewicz, P and Drischler, C and Gandolfi, S and Holt, JW and Kaminski, M and Ko, CM and Kumar, R and Li, BA and Lynch, WG and McIntosh,
AB and Newton, WG and Pratt, S and Savchuk, O and Stefaniak, M and Tews, I and Tsang, MYB and Vogt, R and Wolter, H and Zbroszczyk, H and Abbasi, N and Aichelin, J and Andronic, A and Bass, SA and Becattini, F and Blaschke,
D and Bleicher, M and Blume, C and Bratkovskaya, E and Brown, BA and Brown,
DA and Camaiani, A and Casini, G and Chatziioannou, K and Chbihi, A and Colonna, M and Cozma, MD and Dexheimer, V and Dong, X and Dore, T and Du,
L and Dueñas, JA and Elfner, H and Florkowski, W and Fujimoto, Y and Furnstahl, RJ and Gade, A and Galatyuk, T and Gale, C and Geurts, F and Grozdanov, S and Hagel, K and Harris, SP and Haxton, W and Heinz, U and Heller, MP and Hen, O and Hergert, H and Herrmann, N and Huang, HZ and Huang, XG and Ikeno, N and Inghirami, G and Jankowski, J and Jia, J and Jiménez, JC and Kapusta, J and Kardan, B and Karpenko, I and Keane, D and Kharzeev, D and Kugler, A and Le Fèvre and A and Lee, D and Liu, H and Lisa,
MA and Llope, WJ and Lombardo, I and Lorenz, M and Marchi, T and McLerran,
L and Mosel, U and Motornenko, A and Müller, B and Napolitani, P and Natowitz, JB and Nazarewicz, W and Noronha, J and Noronha-Hostler, J and Odyniec, G and Papakonstantinou, P and Paulínyová, Z and Piekarewicz, J and Pisarski, RD and Plumberg, C and Prakash, M and Randrup, J},
Title = {Dense nuclear matter equation of state from heavy-ion
collisions},
Journal = {Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {134},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2023.104080},
Abstract = {The nuclear equation of state (EOS) is at the center of
numerous theoretical and experimental efforts in nuclear
physics. With advances in microscopic theories for nuclear
interactions, the availability of experiments probing
nuclear matter under conditions not reached before,
endeavors to develop sophisticated and reliable transport
simulations to interpret these experiments, and the advent
of multi-messenger astronomy, the next decade will bring new
opportunities for determining the nuclear matter EOS,
elucidating its dependence on density, temperature, and
isospin asymmetry. Among controlled terrestrial experiments,
collisions of heavy nuclei at intermediate beam energies
(from a few tens of MeV/nucleon to about 25 GeV/nucleon in
the fixed-target frame) probe the widest ranges of baryon
density and temperature, enabling studies of nuclear matter
from a few tenths to about 5 times the nuclear saturation
density and for temperatures from a few to well above a
hundred MeV, respectively. Collisions of neutron-rich
isotopes further bring the opportunity to probe effects due
to the isospin asymmetry. However, capitalizing on the
enormous scientific effort aimed at uncovering the dense
nuclear matter EOS, both at RHIC and at FRIB as well as at
other international facilities, depends on the continued
development of state-of-the-art hadronic transport
simulations. This white paper highlights the essential role
that heavy-ion collision experiments and hadronic transport
simulations play in understanding strong interactions in
dense nuclear matter, with an emphasis on how these efforts
can be used together with microscopic approaches and neutron
star studies to uncover the nuclear EOS.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ppnp.2023.104080},
Key = {fds374207}
}
@article{fds331109,
Author = {Bass, SA and Bernhard, J and Moreland, JS},
Title = {Determination of Quark-Gluon-Plasma Parameters from a Global
Bayesian Analysis},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {967},
Pages = {67-73},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.05.052},
Abstract = {The quality of data taken at RHIC and LHC as well as the
success and sophistication of computational models for the
description of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions have
advanced to a level that allows for the quantitative
extraction of the transport properties of the
Quark-Gluon-Plasma. However, the complexity of this task as
well as the computational effort associated with it can only
be overcome by developing novel methodologies: in this paper
we outline such an analysis based on Bayesian Statistics and
systematically compare an event-by-event heavy-ion collision
model to data from the Large Hadron Collider. We
simultaneously probe multiple model parameters including
fundamental quark-gluon plasma properties such as the
temperature-dependence of the specific shear viscosity η/s,
calibrate the model to optimally reproduce experimental
data, and extract quantitative constraints for all
parameters simultaneously. The method is universal and
easily extensible to other data and collision
models.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.05.052},
Key = {fds331109}
}
@article{fds359027,
Author = {Cao, S and Chen, Y and Coleman, J and Mulligan, J and Jacobs, PM and Soltz,
RA and Angerami, A and Arora, R and Bass, SA and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Everett, D and Fan, W and Fries, RJ and Gale, C and Garza, F and He, Y and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jeon, S and Ke, W and Kim, B and Kordell, I and Kumar, A and Majumder, A and Mak, S and McNelis, M and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Park, C and Paquet, JF and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Silva, A and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Sirimanna, C and Tachibana, Y and Vujanovic, G and Wang, XN and Wolpert, RL and Xu,
Y},
Title = {Determining the jet transport coefficient q from inclusive
hadron suppression measurements using Bayesian parameter
estimation},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {104},
Number = {2},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.104.024905},
Abstract = {We report a new determination of q, the jet transport
coefficient of the quark-gluon plasma. We use the JETSCAPE
framework, which incorporates a novel multistage theoretical
approach to in-medium jet evolution and Bayesian inference
for parameter extraction. The calculations, based on the
Matter and Lbt jet quenching models, are compared to
experimental measurements of inclusive hadron suppression in
Au+Au collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
(RHIC) and Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron
Collider (LHC). The correlation of experimental systematic
uncertainties is accounted for in the parameter extraction.
The functional dependence of q on jet energy or virtuality
and medium temperature is based on a perturbative picture of
in-medium scattering, with components reflecting the
different regimes of applicability of Matter and Lbt. In the
multistage approach, the switch between Matter and Lbt is
governed by a virtuality scale Q0. Comparison of the
posterior model predictions to the RHIC and LHC hadron
suppression data shows reasonable agreement, with moderate
tension in limited regions of phase space. The distribution
of q/T3 extracted from the posterior distributions exhibits
weak dependence on jet momentum and medium temperature T,
with 90% credible region (CR) depending on the specific
choice of model configuration. The choice of Matter+Lbt,
with switching at virtuality Q0, has 90% CR of 2<q/T3<4 for
pT,jet>40 GeV/c. The value of Q0, determined here for the
first time, is in the range 2.0-2.7 GeV.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.104.024905},
Key = {fds359027}
}
@article{fds245371,
Author = {Monreal, B and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Esumi, S and Greiner, W and Li,
Q and Liu, H and Llope, WJ and Mattiello, R and Panitkin, S and Sakrejda,
I and Snellings, R and Sorge, H and Spieles, C and Stoecker, H and Thomas,
J and Voloshin, S and Wang, F and xu, N},
Title = {Deuterons and space-momentum correlations in high energy
nuclear collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {60},
Number = {3},
Pages = {031901},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000082735100010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Using a microscopic transport model together with a
coalescence after-burner, we study the formation of
deuterons in Au + Au central collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200
AGeV$. It is found that the deuteron transverse momentum
distributions are strongly affected by the nucleon
space-momentum correlations, at the moment of freeze-out,
which are mostly determined by the number of rescatterings.
This feature is useful for studying collision dynamics at
ultrarelativistic energies.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.60.031901},
Key = {fds245371}
}
@article{fds345427,
Author = {Nahrgang, M and Bluhm, M and Schäfer, T and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Diffusive dynamics of critical fluctuations near the QCD
critical point},
Journal = {Physical Review D},
Volume = {99},
Number = {11},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.99.116015},
Abstract = {A quantitatively reliable theoretical description of the
dynamics of fluctuations in nonequilibrium is indispensable
in the experimental search for the QCD critical point by
means of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. In this
paper we consider the fluctuations of the net-baryon density
which becomes the slow, critical mode near the critical
point. Due to net-baryon number conservation the dynamics is
described by the fluid dynamical diffusion equation, which
we extend to contain a white noise stochastic current.
Including nonlinear couplings from the 3d Ising model
universality class in the free energy functional, we solve
the fully interacting theory in a finite size system. We
observe that purely Gaussian white noise generates
non-Gaussian fluctuations, but finite size effects and exact
net-baryon number conservation lead to significant
deviations from the expected behavior in equilibrated
systems. In particular the skewness shows a qualitative
deviation from infinite volume expectations. With this
benchmark established we study the real-time dynamics of the
fluctuations. We recover the expected dynamical scaling
behavior and observe retardation effects and the impact of
critical slowing down near the pseudocritical
temperature.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.99.116015},
Key = {fds345427}
}
@article{fds245367,
Author = {Dumitru, A and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Direct emission of multiple strange baryons in
ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions from the phase
boundary},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {460},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {411-416},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9901046},
Abstract = {We discuss a model for the space-time evolution of
ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions which employs
relativistic hydrodynamics within one region of the forward
light-cone, and microscopic transport theory (i.e. UrQMD) in
the complement. Our initial condition consists of a
quark-gluon plasma which expands hydrodynamically and
hadronizes. After hadronization the solution eventually
changes from expansion in local equilibrium to free
streaming, as determined selfconsistently by the interaction
rates between the hadrons and the local expansion rate. We
show that in such a scenario the inverse slopes of the
mT-spectra of multiple strange baryons (Ξ, Ω) are
practically unaffected by the purely hadronic stage of the
reaction, while the flow of p's and Λ's increases.
Moreover, we find that the rather "soft" transverse
expansion at RHIC energies (due to a first-order phase
transition) is not washed out by strong rescattering in the
hadronic stage. The earlier kinetic freeze-out as compared
to SPS-energies results in similar inverse slopes (of the
mT-spectra of the hadrons in the final state) at RHIC and
SPS energies. © 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00805-9},
Key = {fds245367}
}
@article{fds245398,
Author = {Dumitru, A and Bleicher, M and Bass, SA and Spieles, C and Neise, L and Stocker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Direct photons in Pb+Pb at CERN-SPS from microscopic
transport theory},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {57},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3271-3275},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9709487},
Abstract = {Direct photon production in central Pb+Pb collisions at
CERN-SPS energy is calculated within the relativistic
microscopic transport model UrQMD, and within distinctly
different versions of relativistic hydrodynamics. We find
that in UrQMD the local momentum distributions of the
secondaries are strongly elongated along the beam axis
initially. Therefore, the pre-equilibrium contribution
dominates the photon spectrum at transverse momenta above
$\approx 1.5$ GeV. The hydrodynamics prediction of a strong
correlation between the temperature and radial expansion
velocities on the one hand and the slope of the transverse
momentum distribution of direct photons on the other hand
thus is not recovered in UrQMD. The rapidity distribution of
direct photons in UrQMD reveals that the initial conditions
for the longitudinal expansion of the photon source (the
meson ``fluid'') resemble rather boostinvariance than
Landau-like flow.},
Key = {fds245398}
}
@article{fds303613,
Author = {Soff, S and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Stoecker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Directed and Elliptic Flow},
Year = {1999},
Month = {March},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9903061v1},
Abstract = {We compare microscopic transport model calculations to
recent data on the directed and elliptic flow of various
hadrons in 2 - 10 A GeV Au+Au and Pb (158 A GeV) Pb
collisions. For the Au+Au excitation function a transition
from the squeeze-out to an in-plane enhanced emission is
consistently described with mean field potentials
corresponding to one incompressibility. For the Pb (158 A
GeV) Pb system the elliptic flow prefers in-plane emission
both for protons and pions, the directed flow of protons is
opposite to that of the pions, which exhibit anti-flow.
Strong directed transverse flow is present for protons and
Lambdas in Au (6 A GeV) Au collisions as well. Both for the
SPS and the AGS energies the agreement between data and
calculations is remarkable.},
Key = {fds303613}
}
@booklet{Soff95,
Author = {Soff, S and Bass, SA and Hartnack, C and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Disappearance of flow.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3320-3325},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.51.3320},
Abstract = {We investigate the disappearance of collective flow in the
reaction plane in heavy-ion collisions within a microscopic
model (QMD). A systematic study of the impact parameter
dependence is performed for the system Ca+Ca. The balance
energy strongly increases with impact parameter. Momentum
dependent interactions reduce the balance energies for
intermediate impact parameters b4.5 fm. For the heavy system
Au+Au, dynamical negative flow is not visible in the
laboratory frame but does exist if the initial precontact
rotation of the system due to the Coulomb potential is
subtracted. For semiperipheral collisions of Ca+Ca with b6.5
fm a new two-component flow is discussed. Azimuthal
distributions exhibit strong collective flow signals, even
at the balance energy. © 1995 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.51.3320},
Key = {Soff95}
}
@article{fds245366,
Author = {Spieles, C and Vogt, R and Gerland, L and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Frankfurt, L and Strikman, M and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Dissociation of expanding cc̄ states in heavy ion
collisions},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {458},
Number = {1},
Pages = {137-142},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00579-1},
Abstract = {We study J/ψ suppression in AB collisions assuming that the
charmonium states evolve from small, color transparent
configurations. Their interaction with nucleons and
nonequilibrated, secondary hadrons is simulated using the
microscopic model UrQMD. The Drell-Yan lepton pair yield and
the J/ψ/Drell-Yan ratio are calculated as a function of the
neutral transverse energy in Pb + Pb collisions at 160 GeV
and found to be in reasonable agreement with existing data.
© 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00579-1},
Key = {fds245366}
}
@article{fds304508,
Author = {Spieles, C and Vogt, R and Gerland, L and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Dissociation of J/ψ by mesons: Thermal versus
nonequilibrium scenario},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2351-2359},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/25/12/305},
Abstract = {We study J/ψ reaction kinetics in hadronic environments.
The validity of a thermal meson gas ansatz is tested by
confronting it with an alternative, nonequilibrium scenario.
Heavy-ion collisions are simulated in the framework of the
microscopic transport model, the ultrarelativistic quantum
molecular dynamics model, taking into account the production
of charmonium states through hard parton-parton interactions
and subsequent rescattering with secondary hadrons assuming
constant dissociation cross sections. The thermal gas and
microscopic transport scenarios are shown to be very
dissimilar. Estimates of J/ψ survival probabilities based
on thermal models of co-mover interactions in heavy-ion
collisions are therefore questionable.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/25/12/305},
Key = {fds304508}
}
@article{fds245361,
Author = {Spieles, C and Vogt, R and Gerland, L and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Stoecker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Dissociation rates of J/psi's with comoving mesons - thermal
vs. nonequilibrium scenario},
Journal = {J. Phys. G},
Volume = {25},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2351-2359},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9809441},
Abstract = {We study J/psi dissociation processes in hadronic
environments. The validity of a thermal meson gas ansatz is
tested by confronting it with an alternative, nonequilibrium
scenario. Heavy ion collisions are simulated in the
framework of the microscopic transport model UrQMD, taking
into account the production of charmonium states through
hard parton-parton interactions and subsequent rescattering
with hadrons. The thermal gas and microscopic transport
scenarios are shown to be very dissimilar. Estimates of
J/psi survival probabilities based on thermal models of
comover interactions in heavy ion collisions are therefore
not reliable.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/25/12/305},
Key = {fds245361}
}
@article{fds245364,
Author = {Bleicher, M and Reiter, M and Dumitru, A and Brachmann, J and Spieles,
C and Bass, SA and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Distinguishing hadronic cascades from hydrodynamic models in
[Formula Presented] reactions by impact parameter
variation},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {59},
Number = {4},
Pages = {R1844-R1845},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9811459},
Abstract = {We propose to study the impact parameter dependence of the
[Formula Presented] ratio in [Formula Presented] reactions.
The [Formula Presented] ratio is a sensible tool to
distinguish between hadronic cascade models and
hydrodynamical models, which assume chemical equilibrium and
incorporate a possible phase transition to a quark-gluon
plasma. © 1999 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.59.R1844},
Key = {fds245364}
}
@article{fds245209,
Author = {Cao, S and Qin, GY and Bass, SA},
Title = {Dynamical evolution, hadronization and angular
de-correlation of heavy flavor in a hot and dense QCD
medium},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {932},
Pages = {38-44},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.08.047},
Abstract = {We study heavy flavor evolution and hadronization in
relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The in-medium evolution
of heavy quarks is described using our modified Langevin
framework that incorporates both collisional and radiative
energy loss mechanisms. The subsequent hadronization process
for heavy quarks is calculated with a fragmentation plus
recombination model. We find significant contribution from
gluon radiation to heavy quark energy loss at high pT; the
recombination mechanism can greatly enhance the D meson
production at medium pT. Our calculation provides a good
description of the D meson nuclear modification at the LHC.
In addition, we explore the angular correlation functions of
heavy flavor pairs which may provide us a potential
candidate for distinguishing different energy loss
mechanisms of heavy quarks inside the QGP.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.08.047},
Key = {fds245209}
}
@article{fds245409,
Author = {Bass, SA and Dumitru, A},
Title = {Dynamics of hot bulk QCD matter: From the quark-gluon plasma
to hadronic freeze-out},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {61},
Number = {6},
Pages = {649091-6490924},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000087575000068&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We introduce a combined macroscopic-microscopic transport
approach employing relativistic hydrodynamics for the early,
dense, deconfined stage of the reaction and a microscopic
nonequilibrium model for the later hadronic stage where the
equilibrium assumptions are not valid anymore. Within this
approach we study the dynamics of hot, bulk QCD matter,
which is expected to be created in ultrarelativistic
heavy-ion collisions at the Super Proton Synchrotron, the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and the Large Hadron
Collider. Our approach is capable of self-consistently
calculating the freeze-out of the hadronic system, while
accounting for the collective flow on the hadronization
hypersurface generated by the QGP expansion. In particular,
we perform a detailed analysis of the reaction dynamics,
hadronic freeze-out, and transverse flow.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.61.064909},
Key = {fds245409}
}
@article{fds245325,
Author = {Renk, T and Bass, SA and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Dynamics of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect in Au + Au
collisions at √s=200 A GeV},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {632},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {632-637},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0505059},
Abstract = {We study the role played by the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal
(LPM) effect in relativistic collisions of hadrons and heavy
nuclei, within a parton cascade model. We find that the LPM
effect strongly affects the gluon multiplication due to
radiation and considerably alters the spacetime evolution of
the dynamics of the collision. It ensures a multiplicity
distribution of hadrons in agreement with the experimental
proton-proton data. We study the production of single
photons in relativistic heavy ion collisions and find that
the inclusion of LPM suppression leads to a reduction in the
single photon yield at small and intermediate transverse
momenta. The parton cascade calculation of the single photon
yield including the LPM effect is shown to be in good
agreement with the recent PHENIX data taken at the
Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.physletb.2005.11.026},
Key = {fds245325}
}
@article{fds245212,
Author = {Younus, M and Srivastava, DK and Bass, SA},
Title = {Effect of quark gluon plasma on charm quark produced in
relativistic heavy ion collision},
Journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
Volume = {509},
Number = {1},
Pages = {012038-012038},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1742-6588},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/509/1/012038},
Abstract = {Charm quarks are produced mainly in the pre-equilibrium
stage of heavy ion collision and serve as excellent probes
entering the thermalized medium. They come out with
altogether different momenta and energies and fragments into
D-mesons and decay into non-photonic electrons which are
observed experimentally. Here we present the effect of QGP
on charm quark production using two different models: first
one based on Wang-Huang-Sarcevic model of multiple
scattering of partons and the second one is based on Parton
Cascade Model with Boltzmann transport equation used for
charm quark evolution in QGP.},
Doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/509/1/012038},
Key = {fds245212}
}
@article{fds351400,
Author = {Paquet, JF and Bass, SA},
Title = {Effective viscosities in a hydrodynamically expanding
boost-invariant QCD plasma},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {102},
Number = {1},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.102.014903},
Abstract = {Background: The near-equilibrium properties of a QCD plasma
can be encoded into transport coefficients such as bulk and
shear viscosity. In QCD, the ratio of these transport
coefficients to entropy density, ζ/s and η/s, depends
nontrivially on the plasma's temperature. This is unlike in
conformal systems where they take constant values such as
η/s=1/(4π). Purpose: In this work, we show that in a
(0+1)D boost-invariant fluid with no transverse expansion, a
temperature-dependent ζ/s(T) or η/s(T) can be described by
an equivalent effective viscosity ζ/seff or η/seff. This
effective viscosity combines the actual temperature-dependent
ζ/s(T) or η/s(T) with the temperature profile of the
fluid. We extend the concept of effective viscosity in
systems with transverse expansion and discuss how effective
viscosities can be used to identify families of ζ/s(T) and
η/s(T) that lead to similar hydrodynamic evolution.
Methods: The Navier-Stokes relativistic hydrodynamic
equations are used to provide a first definition of
effective viscosity, in (0+1)D and (1+1)D. In the (0+1)D
case, the analysis is extended to Israel-Stewart-type
second-order hydrodynamics to clarify the effect of
higher-order hydrodynamics corrections on the effective
viscosity. Results: In a boost-invariant fluid with no
transverse expansion [(0+1)D], the effective viscosity is
expressed as a simple integral of ζ/s(T) or η/s(T) over
temperature, with a weight determined by the speed of sound
of the fluid. The result is general for any equation of
state with a moderate temperature dependence of the speed of
sound, including the QCD equation of state. This definition
of effective viscosity can be used to identify infinite
families of ζ/s(T) or η/s(T) that produce essentially
indistinguishable temperature profiles. In a boost-invariant
cylindrical system [(1+1)D], a similar definition of
effective viscosity is obtained in terms of characteristic
trajectories in time and transverse direction. This leads to
an infinite number of constraints on an infinite functional
space for ζ/s(T) and η/s(T). Realistic examples are
presented by using a finite number of constraints on a
finite functional space. Conclusions: The definition of
effective viscosity in a (0+1)D system clarifies how
infinite families of ζ/s(T) and η/s(T) can result in
nearly identical hydrodynamic temperature profiles. By
extending the study to a boost-invariant cylindrical
[(1+1)D] fluid, we identify an approximate but more general
definition of effective viscosity that highlights the
potential and limits of the concept of effective viscosity
in fluids with limited symmetries.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.102.014903},
Key = {fds351400}
}
@article{fds315780,
Author = {Hao, L and Healey, CG and Bass, SA},
Title = {Effective Visualization of Temporal Ensembles.},
Journal = {IEEE transactions on visualization and computer
graphics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {787-796},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1077-2626},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2015.2468093},
Abstract = {An ensemble is a collection of related datasets, called
members, built from a series of runs of a simulation or an
experiment. Ensembles are large, temporal, multidimensional,
and multivariate, making them difficult to analyze. Another
important challenge is visualizing ensembles that vary both
in space and time. Initial visualization techniques
displayed ensembles with a small number of members, or
presented an overview of an entire ensemble, but without
potentially important details. Recently, researchers have
suggested combining these two directions, allowing users to
choose subsets of members to visualization. This manual
selection process places the burden on the user to identify
which members to explore. We first introduce a static
ensemble visualization system that automatically helps users
locate interesting subsets of members to visualize. We next
extend the system to support analysis and visualization of
temporal ensembles. We employ 3D shape comparison, cluster
tree visualization, and glyph based visualization to
represent different levels of detail within an ensemble.
This strategy is used to provide two approaches for temporal
ensemble analysis: (1) segment based ensemble analysis, to
capture important shape transition time-steps, clusters
groups of similar members, and identify common shape changes
over time across multiple members; and (2) time-step based
ensemble analysis, which assumes ensemble members are
aligned in time by combining similar shapes at common
time-steps. Both approaches enable users to interactively
visualize and analyze a temporal ensemble from different
perspectives at different levels of detail. We demonstrate
our techniques on an ensemble studying matter transition
from hadronic gas to quark-gluon plasma during gold-on-gold
particle collisions.},
Doi = {10.1109/tvcg.2015.2468093},
Key = {fds315780}
}
@article{fds245202,
Author = {Nahrgang, M and Aichelin, J and Bass, S and Gossiaux, PB and Werner,
K},
Title = {Elliptic and triangular flow of heavy flavor in heavy-ion
collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1410.5396},
Abstract = {We investigate the elliptic and the triangular flow of heavy
mesons in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the BNL
Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider and the CERN Large Hadron
Collider (LHC). The dynamics of heavy quarks is coupled to
the locally thermalized and fluid dynamically evolving
quark-gluon plasma. The elliptic flow of D mesons and the
centrality dependence measured at the LHC is well reproduced
for purely collisional and bremsstrahlung interactions. Due
to the event-by-event fluctuating initial conditions from
the EPOS2 model, the D meson triangular flow is predicted to
be nonzero at s=200 GeV and s=2.76 TeV. We study the
centrality dependence and quantify the contributions
stemming from flow of the light bulk event and the
hadronization process. The flow coefficients as responses to
the initial eccentricities behave differently for heavy
mesons than for light hadrons due to their inertia.
Higher-order flow coefficients of heavy flavor become
important in order to quantify the degree of
thermalization.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.91.014904},
Key = {fds245202}
}
@article{fds245294,
Author = {Song, H and Bass, SA and Heinz, UW},
Title = {Elliptic flow in 200 A GeV Au+Au collisions and 2.76 A TeV
Pb+Pb collisions: insights from viscous hydrodynamics +
hadron cascade hybrid model.},
Journal = {Physical Review},
Volume = {C83},
Number = {5},
Pages = {054912},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1103.2380},
Abstract = {Using the newly developed hybrid model VISHNU, which
connects viscous hydrodynamics with a hadron cascade model,
we study the differential and integrated elliptic flow v2 at
different centrality bins for 200 A GeV Au+Au collisions and
2.76 A TeV Pb+Pb collisions. We find that the average
quark-gluon plasma (QGP)-specific shear viscosity η/s
slightly increases from Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider to
Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies. However, a further
study assuming different temperature dependencies for
(η/s)QGP shows that one cannot uniquely constrain the form
of (η/s)QGP(T) by fitting the spectra and v2 alone. Based
on our current understanding, the question whether the QGP
fluid is more viscous or more perfect in the temperature
regime reached by LHC energies is still open. © 2011
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.83.054912},
Key = {fds245294}
}
@article{fds245346,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Fries, RJ and Bass, SA},
Title = {Elliptic flow of multi-strange particles: Fragmentation,
recombination and hydrodynamics},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {583},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {73-78},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
url = {http:////arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0308051},
Abstract = {We study the elliptic flow v2 of multi-strange hadrons such
as the φ, Ξ and Ω as a function of transverse momentum in
the recombination and fragmentation model and compare to a
standard hydrodynamic calculation. We find that the
measurement of v2 for the φ and Ω will allow for the
unambiguous distinction between parton recombination and
statistical hadro-chemistry to be the dominant process in
hadronization at intermediate transverse momenta. © 2004
Published by Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.physletb.2003.12.034},
Key = {fds245346}
}
@article{fds245404,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Mueller, B and Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Fries,
RJ},
Title = {Elliptic flow of resonances at RHIC: Probing final state
interactions and the structure of resonances},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {69},
Number = {3},
Pages = {031902},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.69.031902},
Abstract = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0312081},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.69.031902},
Key = {fds245404}
}
@article{fds304512,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Müller, B and Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Fries,
RJ},
Title = {Elliptic flow of resonances in relativistic heavy ion
collisions: Probing final state interactions and the
structure of resonances},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {69},
Number = {3},
Pages = {031902-031901},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.69.031902},
Abstract = {We propose the measurement of the elliptic flow of hadron
resonances at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider as a tool
to probe the amount of hadronic final state interactions for
resonances at intermediate and large transverse momenta.
This can be achieved by looking at systematic deviations of
the measured flow coefficient ν2 from the scaling law given
by the quark recombination formalism. Our method can be
generalized to explore the structure of exotic particles,
such as the recently found pentaquark Θ+(1540).},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.69.031902},
Key = {fds304512}
}
@article{fds245203,
Author = {Cao, S and Qin, GY and Bass, SA},
Title = {Energy loss, hadronization, and hadronic interactions of
heavy flavors in relativistic heavy-ion collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.92.024907},
Abstract = {We construct a theoretical framework to describe the
evolution of heavy flavors produced in relativistic
heavy-ion collisions. The in-medium energy loss of heavy
quarks is described using our modified Langevin equation
that incorporates both quasielastic scatterings and the
medium-induced gluon radiation. The space-time profiles of
the fireball are described by a (2+1)-dimensional
hydrodynamics simulation. A hybrid model of fragmentation
and coalescence is utilized for heavy quark hadronization,
after which the produced heavy mesons together with the soft
hadrons produced from the bulk quark-gluon plasma (QGP) are
fed into the hadron cascade ultrarelativistic quantum
molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model to simulate the subsequent
hadronic interactions. We find that the medium-induced gluon
radiation contributes significantly to heavy quark energy
loss at high pT; heavy-light quark coalescence enhances
heavy meson production at intermediate pT; and scatterings
inside the hadron gas further suppress the D meson RAA at
large pT and enhance its v2. Our calculations provide good
descriptions of heavy meson suppression and elliptic flow
observed at both the Large Hadron Collider and the
Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.92.024907},
Key = {fds245203}
}
@article{fds245399,
Author = {Bleicher, M and Belkacem, M and Bass, SA and Soff, S and Stöcker,
H},
Title = {Enhanced antiproton production in Pb(160 A GeV) + Pb
reactions: Evidence for quark gluon matter?},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {485},
Number = {1-3},
Pages = {133-138},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0370-2693},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0004045},
Abstract = {The centrality dependence of the antiproton per participant
ratio is studied in Pb(160 A GeV) + Pb reactions. Antiproton
production in collisions of heavy nuclei at the CERN/SPS
seems considerably enhanced as compared to conventional
hadronic physics, given by the antiproton production rates
in pp and antiproton annihilation in pp reactions. This
enhancement is consistent with the observation of strong
in-medium effects in other hadronic observables and may be
an indication of partial restoration of chiral symmetry. (C)
2000 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00643-2},
Key = {fds245399}
}
@article{fds245379,
Author = {Soff, S and Zschiesche, D and Bleicher, M and Hartnack, C and Belkacem,
M and Bravina, L and Zabrodin, E and Bass, SA and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Enhanced strange particle yields - Signal of a phase of
massless particles?},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {449-457},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0010103},
Abstract = {The yields of strange particles are calculated with the
ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model for p,
Pb(158 A GeV)Pb collisions and compared with experimental
data. The yields are enhanced in central collisions compared
with proton-induced or peripheral Pb + Pb collisions. The
enhancement is due to secondary interactions. Nevertheless,
only a reduction of the quark masses or equivalently an
increase of the string tension provides an adequate
description of the large observed enhancement factors (WA97
and NA49). Furthermore, the yields of unstable strange
resonances such as the A* or the φ are considerably
affected by hadronic rescattering of the decay
products.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/27/3/324},
Key = {fds245379}
}
@article{fds245381,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Zabrodin, EE and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Faessler, A and Fuchs, C and Greiner, W and Soff, S and Stoecker, H},
Title = {Equation of state of resonance-rich matter in the central
cell in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=200
AGeV},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {63},
Number = {6},
Pages = {064902},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0010172},
Abstract = {The equilibration of hot and dense nuclear matter produced
in the central cell of central Au+Au collisions at RHIC
($\sqrt{s}=200$ AGeV) energies is studied within a
microscopic transport model. The pressure in the cell
becomes isotropic at $t\approx 5$ fm/$c$ after beginning of
the collision. Within the next 15 fm/$c$ the expansion of
matter in the cell proceeds almost isentropically with the
entropy per baryon ratio $S/A \approx 150$, and the equation
of state in the $(P,\epsilon)$ plane has a very simple form,
$P=0.15\epsilon$. Comparison with the statistical model of
an ideal hadron gas indicates that the time $t \approx 20$
fm/c may be too short to reach the fully equilibrated state.
Particularly, the creation of long-lived resonance-rich
matter in the cell decelerates the relaxation to chemical
equilibrium. This resonance-abundant state can be detected
experimentally after the thermal freeze-out of
particles.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.63.064902},
Key = {fds245381}
}
@article{fds304511,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Zabrodin, EE and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Faessler, A and Fuchs, C and Greiner, W and Soff, S and Stöcker, H},
Title = {Equation of state of resonance-rich matter in the central
cell in heavy-ion collisions at √s = 200A
GeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {63},
Number = {6},
Pages = {649021-649028},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.63.064902},
Abstract = {The equilibration of hot and dense nuclear matter produced
in the central cell of central Au+Au collisions at √s=200A
GeV is studied within a microscopic transport model. The
pressure in the cell becomes isotropic at t≈5 fm/c after
beginning of the collision. Within the next 15 fm/c the
expansion of matter in the cell proceeds almost
isentropically with the entropy per baryon ratio S/A≅150,
and the equation of state in the (P,ε) plane has a very
simple form, P=0.15ε. Comparison with the statistical model
of an ideal hadron gas indicates that the time t≈20 fm/c
may be too short to reach the fully equilibrated state.
Particularly, the creation of long-lived resonance-rich
matter in the cell decelerates the relaxation to chemical
equilibrium. This resonance-abundant state can be detected
experimentally after the thermal freeze out of
particles.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.63.064902},
Key = {fds304511}
}
@article{fds245356,
Author = {Belkacem, M and Brandstetter, M and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Bravina, L and Gorenstein, MI and Konopka, J and Neise, L and Spieles,
C and Soff, S and Weber, H and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Equation of state, spectra, and composition of hot and dense
infinite hadronic matter in a microscopic transport
model},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {58},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1727-1733},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9804058},
Abstract = {Equilibrium properties of infinite relativistic hadron
matter are investigated using the ultrarelativistic quantum
molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model. The simulations are
performed in a box with periodic boundary conditions.
Equilibration times depend critically on energy and baryon
densities. Energy spectra of various hadronic species are
shown to be isotropic and consistent with a single
temperature in equilibrium. The variation of energy density
versus temperature shows a Hagedorn-like behavior with a
limiting temperature of [Formula Presented] MeV. Comparison
of abundances of different particle species to ideal hadron
gas model predictions show good agreement only if detailed
balance is implemented for all channels. At low energy
densities, high mass resonances are not relevant; however,
their importance rises with increasing energy density. The
relevance of these different conceptual frameworks for any
interpretation of experimental data is questioned. © 1998
The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.58.1727},
Key = {fds245356}
}
@article{fds245365,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Gorenstein, MI and Zabrodin, EE and Bass, SA and Belkacem, M and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Hofmann, M and Soff,
S and Spieles, C and Weber, H and Stöckerand, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Equilibrium and non-equilibrium effects in nucleus - Nucleus
collisions},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {459},
Number = {4},
Pages = {660-666},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0370-2693},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00692-9},
Abstract = {Local thermal and chemical equilibration is studied for
central A + A collisions at 10.7-160 AGeV in the
Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics model (UrQMD).
The UrQMD mode exhibits strong deviations from local
equilibrium at the high density hadron-string phase formed
during the early stage of the collision. Equilibration of
the hadron-resonance matter is established in the central
cäl of volume V = 125 fmat later stages, t > 10 fm/c, of
the resulting quasi-isentropic expansion. The
thermodynamical functions in the cell and their time
evolution are presented. Deviations of the UrQMD
quasi-equilibrium state from the statistical mechanics
equilibrium are found. They increase with energy per baryon
and lead to a strong enhancement of the pion number density
as compared to statistical mechanics estimates at SPS
energies. ©1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00692-9},
Key = {fds245365}
}
@article{fds245373,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Zabrodin, EE and Gorenstein, MI and Bass, SA and Belkacem, M and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Ernst, C and Faessler, A and Greiner, W and Soff, S and Stöcker, H and Weber,
H},
Title = {Equilibrium and non-equilibrium effects in relativistic
heavy ion collisions.},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {661},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {600-603},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9907062},
Abstract = {The hypothesis of local equilibrium (LE) in relativistic
heavy ion collisions at energies from AGS to RHIC is checked
in the microscopic transport model. We find that kinetic,
thermal, and chemical equilibration of the expanding
hadronic matter is nearly reached in central collisions at
AGS energy for t ≥ 10 fm/c in a central cell. At these
times the equation of state may be approximated by a simple
dependence P ≅ (0.12 - 0.15) ε. Increasing deviations of
the yields and the energy spectra of hadrons from
statistical model values are observed for increasing
bombarding energies. The origin of these deviations is
traced to the irreversible multiparticle decays of strings
and many-body (N ≥ 3) decays of resonances. The violations
of LE indicate that the matter in the cell reaches a steady
state instead of idealized equilibrium. The entropy density
in the cell is only about 6% smaller than that of the
equilibrium state.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(99)85097-0},
Key = {fds245373}
}
@article{fds245285,
Author = {Song, H and Bass, SA and Heinz, U and Hirano, T and Shen,
C},
Title = {Erratum: 200 A GeV Au+Au collisions serve a nearly perfect
Quark-Gluon liquid},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {109},
Number = {13},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.139904},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.139904},
Key = {fds245285}
}
@article{fds245219,
Author = {Song, H and Bass, SA and Heinz, U},
Title = {Erratum: Elliptic flow in √s=200 GeV Au+Au collisions and
√s=2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collisions: Insights from viscous
hydrodynamics+hadron cascade hybrid model (Physical Review C
(2011) 83 (054912))},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {87},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.87.019902},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.87.019902},
Key = {fds245219}
}
@article{fds245220,
Author = {Song, H and Bass, SA and Heinz, U and Hirano, T and Shen,
C},
Title = {Erratum: Hadron spectra and elliptic flow for 200A GeV Au+Au
collisions from viscous hydrodynamics coupled to a Boltzmann
cascade},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {86},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.86.059903},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.86.059903},
Key = {fds245220}
}
@article{fds341426,
Author = {Moreland, JS and Bernhard, JE and Bass, SA},
Title = {Estimating nucleon substructure properties in a unified
model of p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {982},
Pages = {503-506},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2018.07.011},
Abstract = {We apply a well tested hybrid transport model, which couples
viscous hydrodynamics to a hadronic afterburner, to describe
bulk observables in proton-lead and lead-lead collisions at
sNN=5.02TeV. The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) initial conditions
are modeled using the parametric TRENTo model with
additional nucleon substructure parameters to vary the
number and size of hot spots inside each nucleon, followed
by a pre-equilibrium free streaming stage to match the full
energy-momentum tensor of the initial state onto viscous
hydrodynamics. Initial condition and QGP medium parameters,
such as the temperature dependence of the QGP shear and bulk
viscosities, are then calibrated using Bayesian parameter
estimation to describe charged particle yields, mean pT and
anisotropic flow harmonics of both collision systems in a
single self-consistent framework. We find that the hybrid
model provides a compelling, simultaneous description of
both collision systems using appropriately chosen model
parameters, and present new posterior estimates for the size
and shape of the nucleon and temperature dependence of QGP
shear and bulk viscosities.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2018.07.011},
Key = {fds341426}
}
@article{fds245265,
Author = {Bass, S and Caines, H and Calderon De La Barca Sanchez and M and De
Falco, A and Kuhn, C and Nagle, J and Nardi, M and Salgado, C and Velkovska, J},
Title = {European Physical Journal C: Editorial},
Journal = {European Physical Journal C},
Volume = {62},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1434-6044},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-009-1041-z},
Doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-009-1041-z},
Key = {fds245265}
}
@article{fds245257,
Author = {Antinori, F and Bass, S and De Falco and A and Kuhn, C and Nardi, M and Peitzmann, T and Ullrich, T and Velkovska, J and Wiedemann,
UA},
Title = {European Physical Journal C: Preface},
Journal = {European Physical Journal C},
Volume = {49},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1434-6044},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-006-0190-6},
Doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-006-0190-6},
Key = {fds245257}
}
@article{fds318407,
Author = {Weber, H and Ernst, C and Bass, SA and Spieles, C and Bleicher, M and Belkacem, M and Bravina, L and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Excitation function of energy density and partonic degrees
of freedom in relativistic heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {642},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {c121-c129},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00507-7},
Abstract = {We estimate the energy density ∈ pile-up at mid-rapidity
in central Pb+Pb collisions from 1 - 200 GeV/nucleon. ∈ is
decomposed into hadronic and partonic contributions. A
detailed analysis of the collision dynamics in the framework
of a microscopic transport model shows the importance of
partonic degrees of freedom and rescattering of leading
(di)quarks in the early phase of the reaction for Elab ≥
30 GeV/nucleon. The energy density reaches up to 4 GeV/fm3,
95% of which are contained in partonic degrees of freedom.
It is shown that cells of hadronic matter, after t ≈
2.R/γ, can be viewed as nearly chemically equilibrated.
This matter never exceeds energy densities of ∼ 1
GeV/fm-3, i.e. a density above which the notion of separated
hadrons loses its meaning.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00507-7},
Key = {fds318407}
}
@article{fds245358,
Author = {Weber, H and Ernst, C and Bleicher, M and Bravina, L and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W and Spieles, C and Bass, SA},
Title = {Excitation function of energy density and partonic degrees
of freedom in relativistic heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {442},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {443-448},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {December},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9808021},
Abstract = {We estimate the energy density ε pile-up at mid-rapidity in
central Pb + Pb collisions from 2-200 GeV/nucleon. ε is
decomposed into hadronic and partonic contributions. A
detailed analysis of the collision dynamics in the framework
of a microscopic transport model shows the importance of
partonic degrees of freedom and rescattering of leading
(di)quarks in the early phase of the reaction for Elab ≥
30 GeV/nucleon. In Pb + Pb collisions at 160 GeV/nucleon the
energy density reaches up to 4 GeV/fm3, 95% of which are
contained in partonic degrees of freedom. © 1998 Elsevier
Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01252-0},
Key = {fds245358}
}
@article{fds245272,
Author = {Phadke, MN and Pinto, L and Alabi, F and Harter, J and Taylor, RM and Wu,
X and Petersen, H and Bass, SA and Healey, CG},
Title = {Exploring Ensemble Visualization.},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {8294},
Number = {82940B},
Pages = {82940B_1},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.912419},
Abstract = {An ensemble is a collection of related datasets. Each
dataset, or member, of an ensemble is normally large,
multidimensional, and spatio-temporal. Ensembles are used
extensively by scientists and mathematicians, for example,
by executing a simulation repeatedly with slightly different
input parameters and saving the results in an ensemble to
see how parameter choices affect the simulation. To draw
inferences from an ensemble, scientists need to compare data
both within and between ensemble members. We propose two
techniques to support ensemble exploration and comparison: a
pairwise sequential animation method that visualizes locally
neighboring members simultaneously, and a screen door
tinting method that visualizes subsets of members using
screen space subdivision. We demonstrate the capabilities of
both techniques, first using synthetic data, then with
simulation data of heavy ion collisions in high-energy
physics. Results show that both techniques are capable of
supporting meaningful comparisons of ensemble
data.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.912419},
Key = {fds245272}
}
@article{fds245309,
Author = {Demir, N and Bass, SA},
Title = {Extracting hadronic viscosity from microscopic transport
models},
Journal = {European Physical Journal C},
Volume = {62},
Number = {1},
Pages = {63-68},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {1434-6044},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-009-1000-8},
Abstract = {Ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic
Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) are thought to have created a
Quark-Gluon Plasma, characterized by a very small shear
viscosity to entropy density ratio η/s, close to the lower
bound predicted for that quantity by string theory. However,
due to the dynamics of the collision, the produced matter
passes through a phase characterized by an expanding and
rapidly cooling hadron gas with strongly increasing η/s.
Such a rise in η/s would not be compatible with the success
of (viscous) hydrodynamics, which requires a very small
value of η/s throughout the full evolution of the reaction
in order to successfully describe the collective flow seen
in the experiments. Here we show that the inclusion of a
pion-chemical potential, which is bound to arise due to the
separation of chemical and kinetic freeze-out during the
collision evolution, will reduce the value of η/s, and
argue that introduction of other chemical potentials could
ensure the successful application of (viscous) hydrodynamics
to collisions at RHIC. © 2009 Springer-Verlag / Società
Italiana di Fisica.},
Doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-009-1000-8},
Key = {fds245309}
}
@article{fds352105,
Author = {Yao, X and Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, S and Mehen, T and Müller,
B},
Title = {Fate of heavy quark bound states inside quark-gluon
plasma},
Journal = {Hadron Spectroscopy and Structure},
Publisher = {WORLD SCIENTIFIC},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811219313_0118},
Doi = {10.1142/9789811219313_0118},
Key = {fds352105}
}
@article{fds343801,
Author = {Abada, A and Abbrescia, M and AbdusSalam, SS and Abdyukhanov, I and Fernandez, JA and Abramov, A and Aburaia, M and Acar, AO and Adzic, PR and Agrawal, P and Aguilar-Saavedra, JA and Aguilera-Verdugo, JJ and Aiba, M and Aichinger, I and Aielli, G and Akay, A and Akhundov, A and Aksakal, H and Albacete, JL and Albergo, S and Alekou, A and Aleksa, M and Aleksan, R and Fernandez, RMA and Alexahin, Y and Alía, RG and Alioli,
S and Tehrani, NA and Allanach, BC and Allport, PP and Altınlı, M and Altmannshofer, W and Ambrosio, G and Amorim, D and Amstutz, O and Anderlini, L and Andreazza, A and Andreini, M and Andriatis, A and Andris, C and Andronic, A and Angelucci, M and Antinori, F and Antipov,
SA and Antonelli, M and Antonello, M and Antonioli, P and Antusch, S and Anulli, F and Apolinário, L and Apollinari, G and Apollonio, A and Appelö, D and Appleby, RB and Apyan, A and Arbey, A and Arbuzov, A and Arduini, G and Arı, V and Arias, S and Armesto, N and Arnaldi, R and Arsenyev, SA and Arzeo, M and Asai, S and Aslanides, E and Aßmann, RW and Astapovych, D and Atanasov, M and Atieh, S and Attié, D and Auchmann,
B and Audurier, A and Aull, S and Aumon, S and Aune, S and Avino, F and Avrillaud, G and Aydın, G and Azatov, A and Azuelos, G and Azzi, P and Azzolini, O and Azzurri, P and Bacchetta, N and Bacchiocchi, E and Bachacou, H and Baek, YW and Baglin, V and Bai, Y and Baird, S and Baker,
MJ and Baldwin, MJ and Ball, AH and Ballarino, A and Banerjee, S and Barber, DP and Barducci, D and Barjhoux, P},
Title = {FCC Physics Opportunities: Future Circular Collider
Conceptual Design Report Volume 1},
Journal = {European Physical Journal C},
Volume = {79},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6904-3},
Abstract = {We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular
Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion
programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each
FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs
and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well
as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the
synergy and complementarity of the different colliders,
which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious
research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of
precision and sensitivity to new physics.},
Doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6904-3},
Key = {fds343801}
}
@article{fds343800,
Author = {Abada, A and Abbrescia, M and AbdusSalam, SS and Abdyukhanov, I and Abelleira Fernandez and J and Abramov, A and Aburaia, M and Acar, AO and Adzic, PR and Agrawal, P and Aguilar-Saavedra, JA and Aguilera-Verdugo, JJ and Aiba, M and Aichinger, I and Aielli, G and Akay, A and Akhundov, A and Aksakal, H and Albacete, JL and Albergo, S and Alekou, A and Aleksa, M and Aleksan, R and Alemany Fernandez and RM and Alexahin, Y and Alía, RG and Alioli, S and Alipour Tehrani and N and Allanach, BC and Allport, PP and Altınlı, M and Altmannshofer, W and Ambrosio, G and Amorim, D and Amstutz, O and Anderlini, L and Andreazza,
A and Andreini, M and Andriatis, A and Andris, C and Andronic, A and Angelucci, M and Antinori, F and Antipov, SA and Antonelli, M and Antonello, M and Antonioli, P and Antusch, S and Anulli, F and Apolinário, L and Apollinari, G and Apollonio, A and Appelö, D and Appleby, RB and Apyan, A and Arbey, A and Arbuzov, A and Arduini, G and Arı, V and Arias, S and Armesto, N and Arnaldi, R and Arsenyev, SA and Arzeo, M and Asai, S and Aslanides, E and Aßmann, RW and Astapovych, D and Atanasov, M and Atieh, S and Attié, D and Auchmann, B and Audurier, A and Aull, S and Aumon, S and Aune, S and Avino, F and Avrillaud, G and Aydın,
G and Azatov, A and Azuelos, G and Azzi, P and Azzolini, O and Azzurri, P and Bacchetta, N and Bacchiocchi, E and Bachacou, H and Baek, YW and Baglin,
V and Bai, Y and Baird, S and Baker, MJ and Baldwin, MJ and Ball, AH and Ballarino, A and Banerjee, S and Barber, DP and Barducci, D and Barjhoux, P},
Title = {FCC-ee: The Lepton Collider: Future Circular Collider
Conceptual Design Report Volume 2},
Journal = {European Physical Journal: Special Topics},
Volume = {228},
Number = {2},
Pages = {261-623},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2019-900045-4},
Abstract = {In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for
Particle Physics, the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study
was launched, as an international collaboration hosted by
CERN. This study covers a highest-luminosity high-energy
lepton collider (FCC-ee) and an energy-frontier hadron
collider (FCC-hh), which could, successively, be installed
in the same 100 km tunnel. The scientific capabilities of
the integrated FCC programme would serve the worldwide
community throughout the 21st century. The FCC study also
investigates an LHC energy upgrade, using FCC-hh technology.
This document constitutes the second volume of the FCC
Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the electron-positron
collider FCC-ee. After summarizing the physics discovery
opportunities, it presents the accelerator design,
performance reach, a staged operation scenario, the
underlying technologies, civil engineering, technical
infrastructure, and an implementation plan. FCC-ee can be
built with today’s technology. Most of the FCC-ee
infrastructure could be reused for FCC-hh. Combining
concepts from past and present lepton colliders and adding a
few novel elements, the FCC-ee design promises outstandingly
high luminosity. This will make the FCC-ee a unique
precision instrument to study the heaviest known particles
(Z, W and H bosons and the top quark), offering great direct
and indirect sensitivity to new physics.},
Doi = {10.1140/epjst/e2019-900045-4},
Key = {fds343800}
}
@article{fds345024,
Author = {Abada, A and Abbrescia, M and AbdusSalam, SS and Abdyukhanov, I and Abelleira Fernandez and J and Abramov, A and Aburaia, M and Acar, AO and Adzic, PR and Agrawal, P and Aguilar-Saavedra, JA and Aguilera-Verdugo, JJ and Aiba, M and Aichinger, I and Aielli, G and Akay, A and Akhundov, A and Aksakal, H and Albacete, JL and Albergo, S and Alekou, A and Aleksa, M and Aleksan, R and Alemany Fernandez and RM and Alexahin, Y and Alía, RG and Alioli, S and Alipour Tehrani and N and Allanach, BC and Allport, PP and Altınlı, M and Altmannshofer, W and Ambrosio, G and Amorim, D and Amstutz, O and Anderlini, L and Andreazza,
A and Andreini, M and Andriatis, A and Andris, C and Andronic, A and Angelucci, M and Antinori, F and Antipov, SA and Antonelli, M and Antonello, M and Antonioli, P and Antusch, S and Anulli, F and Apolinário, L and Apollinari, G and Apollonio, A and Appelö, D and Appleby, RB and Apyan, A and Arbey, A and Arbuzov, A and Arduini, G and Arı, V and Arias, S and Armesto, N and Arnaldi, R and Arsenyev, SA and Arzeo, M and Asai, S and Aslanides, E and Aßmann, RW and Astapovych, D and Atanasov, M and Atieh, S and Attié, D and Auchmann, B and Audurier, A and Aull, S and Aumon, S and Aune, S and Avino, F and Avrillaud, G and Aydın,
G and Azatov, A and Azuelos, G and Azzi, P and Azzolini, O and Azzurri, P and Bacchetta, N and Bacchiocchi, E and Bachacou, H and Baek, YW and Baglin,
V and Bai, Y and Baird, S and Baker, MJ and Baldwin, MJ and Ball, AH and Ballarino, A and Banerjee, S and Barber, DP and Barducci, D and Barjhoux, P},
Title = {FCC-hh: The Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider
Conceptual Design Report Volume 3},
Journal = {European Physical Journal: Special Topics},
Volume = {228},
Number = {4},
Pages = {755-1107},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2019-900087-0},
Abstract = {In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for
Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC)
study was launched as a world-wide international
collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an
energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a
highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the
corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the
physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a
high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document
constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design
Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes
the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the
FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged
operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the
civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also
sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients
from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity
LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches,
the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy
frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre of-mass
collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to
explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great
direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries.},
Doi = {10.1140/epjst/e2019-900087-0},
Key = {fds345024}
}
@article{fds331107,
Author = {Moreland, JS and Bernhard, JE and Ke, W and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Flow in small and large quark-gluon plasma droplets: the
role of nucleon substructure},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {967},
Pages = {361-364},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.05.054},
Abstract = {We study the effects of nucleon substructure on bulk
observables in proton-lead collisions at the LHC using
Bayesian methodology. Substructure is added to the TRENTo
parametric initial condition model using Gaussian nucleons
with a variable number of Gaussian partons. We vary the
number and width of these partons while recovering the
desired inelastic proton-proton cross section and ensemble
averaged proton density. We then run the model through a
large number of minimum bias hydrodynamic simulations and
measure the response of final particle production and
azimuthal particle correlations to initial state properties.
Once these response functions are determined, we calibrate
free parameters of the model using established Bayesian
methodology. We comment on the implied viability of the
partonic model for describing hydrodynamic behavior in small
systems.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.05.054},
Key = {fds331107}
}
@article{fds332867,
Author = {Bluhm, M and Nahrgang, M and Schäfer, T and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Fluctuating fluid dynamics for the QGP in the LHC and BES
era},
Journal = {EPJ Web of Conferences},
Volume = {171},
Pages = {16004-16004},
Publisher = {E D P SCIENCES},
Editor = {Mischke, A and Kuijer, P},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {9782759890330},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817116004},
Abstract = {In an era of high-precision determinations of QGP properties
a full incorporation of fluid dynamical fluctuations into
our models has become crucial, in particular, when
describing the dynamics of small systems or near the
conjectured QCD critical point. In this talk we discuss some
effects of the propagation of these fluctuations. For LHC
physics we focus on fluctuations in the energy-momentum
tensor, while the impact of fluctuations in the diffusive
net-baryon density is studied to improve our knowledge on
the formation of critical fluctuations being searched in
current and future BES programs.},
Doi = {10.1051/epjconf/201817116004},
Key = {fds332867}
}
@article{fds245279,
Author = {Bleicher, M and Gerland, L and Spieles, C and Dumitru, A and Bass, S and Belkacem, M and Brandstetter, M and Ernst, C and Neise, L and Soff, S and Weber, H and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Fluctuations and inhomogenities of energy density and
isospin in Pb+Pb at the SPS},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {638},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {391c-394c},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00392-3},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00392-3},
Key = {fds245279}
}
@article{fds245274,
Author = {Bass, SA and Casalderrey-Solana, J},
Title = {Focus section on AdS/CFT applications to QCD
matter},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {5},
Pages = {050301-050301},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/39/5/050301},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/39/5/050301},
Key = {fds245274}
}
@article{fds245378,
Author = {Bleicher, MJ and Bass, SA and Bravina, LV and Greiner, W and Soff, S and Stöcker, H and Xu, N and Zabrodin, EE},
Title = {Global observables and secondary interactions in central
Au+Au reactions at [Formula Presented] GeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {62},
Number = {2},
Pages = {7},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000088714000048&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model
(UrQMD) is used to study global observables in central
reactions of Au+Au at [Formula Presented] GeV at the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Strong stopping
governed by massive particle production is predicted if
secondary interactions are taken into account. The
underlying string dynamics and the early hadronic decoupling
implies only small transverse expansion rates. However,
rescattering with mesons is found to act as a source of
pressure leading to additional flow of baryons and kaons,
while cooling down pions. © 2000 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.62.024904},
Key = {fds245378}
}
@article{fds245225,
Author = {Bass, SA and Soff, S and Belkacem, M and Brandstetter, M and Bleicher,
M and Gerland, L and Konopka, J and Neise, L and Spieles, C and Weber, H and Stocker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Hadrochemical vs. microscopic analysis of particle
production and freeze-out in ultrarelativistic heavy ion
collisions},
Journal = {ADVANCES IN NUCLEAR DYNAMICS 4},
Pages = {13-24},
Publisher = {PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP},
Editor = {Bauer, W and Ritter, HG},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-306-46036-X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000078172500002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds245225}
}
@article{fds245405,
Author = {Fries, RJ and Müller, B and Nonaka, C and Bass, SA},
Title = {Hadron production in heavy ion collisions: Fragmentation and
recombination from a dense parton phase},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {68},
Number = {4},
Pages = {23},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000187575300046&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We discuss hadron production in heavy ion collisions at the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We argue that
hadrons at transverse momenta [Formula Presented] are formed
by recombination of partons from the dense parton phase
created in central collisions at RHIC. We provide a
theoretical description of the recombination process for
[Formula Presented]. Below [Formula Presented] our results
smoothly match a purely statistical description. At high
transverse momentum hadron production is well described in
the language of perturbative QCD by the fragmentation of
partons. We give numerical results for a variety of hadron
spectra, ratios, and nuclear suppression factors. We also
discuss the anisotropic flow [Formula Presented] and give
results based on a flow in the parton phase. Our results are
consistent with the existence of a parton phase at RHIC
hadronizing at a temperature of [Formula Presented] and a
radial flow velocity of [Formula Presented]. © 2003 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044902},
Key = {fds245405}
}
@article{fds245295,
Author = {Song, H and Bass, SA and Heinz, U and Hirano, T and Chen,
C},
Title = {Hadron spectra and elliptic flow for 200 A GeV Au+Au
collisions from viscous hydrodynamics coupled to a Boltzmann
cascade.},
Journal = {Physical Review},
Volume = {C83},
Number = {5},
Pages = {054910},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1101.4638},
Abstract = {It is shown that the recently developed hybrid code VISHNU,
which couples a relativistic viscous fluid dynamical
description of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) with a
microscopic Boltzmann cascade for the late hadronic
rescattering stage, yields an excellent description of
charged and identified hadron spectra and elliptic flow
measured in 200 A GeV Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic
Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC). Using initial conditions that
incorporate event-by-event fluctuations in the initial shape
and orientation of the collision fireball and values η/s
for the specific shear viscosity of the quark-gluon plasma
that were recently extracted from the measured centrality
dependence of the eccentricity-scaled, pT-integrated charged
hadron elliptic flow v2,ch/, we obtain universally good
agreement between theory and experiment for the pT spectra
and differential elliptic flow v2(pT) for both pions and
protons at all collision centralities. © 2011 American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.83.054910},
Key = {fds245295}
}
@article{fds245368,
Author = {Bass, SA and Dumitru, A and Bleicher, M and Bravina, L and Zabrodin, E and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Hadronic freeze-out following a first order hadronization
phase transition in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion
collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {60},
Number = {2},
Pages = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000082051700007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We analyze the hadronic freeze-out in ultrarelativistic
heavy-ion collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
(RHIC) in a transport approach that combines hydrodynamics
for the early, dense, deconfined stage of the reaction with
a microscopic nonequilibrium model for the later hadronic
stage at which the hydrodynamic equilibrium assumptions are
not valid. With this ansatz we are able to self-consistently
calculate the freeze-out of the system and determine
space-time hypersurfaces for individual hadron species. The
space-time domains of the freeze-out for several hadron
species are found to be actually four dimensional, and
differ drastically for the individual hadrons species.
Freeze-out radii distributions are similar in width for most
hadron species, even though the [Formula Presented] is found
to be emitted rather close to the phase boundary and shows
the smallest freeze-out radii and times among all baryon
species. The total lifetime of the system does not change by
more than 10% when going from CERN Super Proton Synchrotron
to RHIC energies. © 1999 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.60.021902},
Key = {fds245368}
}
@article{fds245221,
Author = {Bass, SA and Fries, RJ and Nonaka, C},
Title = {Hadronization at RHIC: Interplay of recombination and
fragmentation},
Journal = {STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF ELEMENTARY MATTER},
Volume = {166},
Pages = {225-237},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Editor = {Greiner, W and Itkis, MG and Reinhardt, J and Guclu,
MC},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1-4020-2445-2},
ISSN = {1568-2609},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000225711800017&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds245221}
}
@article{fds245226,
Author = {Bass, SA and Fries, RJ and Nonaka, C and Muller, B},
Title = {Hadronization at RHIC: Interplay of recombination and
fragmentation},
Journal = {ICHEP 2005: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 32ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS VOLS 1 AND 2},
Pages = {347-351},
Publisher = {WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD},
Editor = {Chen, H and Du, D and Li, W and Lu, C},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {981-256-110-2},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000230511700044&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds245226}
}
@article{fds245251,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Fries, RJ and Müller, B and Bass, SA and Asakawa,
M},
Title = {Hadronization at RHIC: Interplay of recombination and
fragmentation},
Journal = {Acta Physica Hungarica, Series A: Heavy Ion
Physics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {227-233},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1219-7580},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/APH.24.2005.1-4.31},
Abstract = {We discuss the hadron production in heavy ion collisions by
the recombination and fragmentation model. We propose the
elliptic flow as the useful tool for exploring final
interactions for resonances, hadron structure for exotic
particles and phase structure. © 2005 Akadémiai Kiadó,
Budapest.},
Doi = {10.1556/APH.24.2005.1-4.31},
Key = {fds245251}
}
@article{fds245406,
Author = {Fries, RJ and Müller, B and Nonaka, C and Bass, SA},
Title = {Hadronization in heavy-ion collisions: recombination and
fragmentation of partons.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {90},
Number = {20},
Pages = {202303},
Year = {2003},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12785886},
Abstract = {We argue that the emission of hadrons with transverse
momentum up to about 5 GeV/c in central relativistic heavy
ion collisions is dominated by recombination, rather than
fragmentation of partons. This mechanism provides a natural
explanation for the observed constant baryon-to-meson ratio
of about one and the apparent lack of a nuclear suppression
of the baryon yield in this momentum range. Fragmentation
becomes dominant at higher transverse momentum, but the
transition point is delayed by the energy loss of fast
partons in dense matter.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.90.202303},
Key = {fds245406}
}
@article{fds245345,
Author = {Fries, RJ and Müller, B and Nonaka, C and Bass, SA},
Title = {Hadronization in heavy-ion collisions: Recombination or
fragmentation?},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {S223-S228},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0305079},
Abstract = {We show that hadron production in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions at transverse momenta larger than 2 GeV/c can be
explained by the competition of two different hadronization
mechanisms. Above 5 GeV/c hadron production can be described
by fragmentation of partons that are created perturbatively.
Below 5 GeV/c recombination of partons from the dense and
hot fireball dominates. This can explain some of the
surprising features of RHIC data such as the constant
baryon-to-meson ratio of about one and the small nuclear
suppression for baryons between 2 to 4 GeV/c.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/30/1/025},
Key = {fds245345}
}
@article{fds245262,
Author = {Lee, KS and Bass, S and Müller, B and Nonaka, C},
Title = {Hadronization via recombination},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {6},
Pages = {064034-064034},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/36/6/064034},
Abstract = {The recombination model as a model for hadronization from a
quark-gluon plasma has been recently revived since it has
advantages in explaining several important features of the
final state produced in heavy-ion collisions at the RHIC,
such as the constituent quark number scaling of the elliptic
coefficient versus the transverse energy of identified
hadrons, the bending shape of the pT spectrum of hadrons
near 5 GeV/c, and the measured large value of
baryon-to-meson ratio (of the order of unity) in the same pT
range. We have developed a dynamic simulation model of
heavy-ion collisions in which a quark-gluon plasma, starting
from a certain initial condition, evolves hydrodynamically
until it reaches the phase boundary, and then hadronizes by
valence quark recombination. Rescattering after
hadronization is described by UrQMD. We discuss some details
of the model and report first, preliminary results. © 2009
IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/36/6/064034},
Key = {fds245262}
}
@article{fds245317,
Author = {Bass, SA and Renk, T and Ruppert, J and Nonaka, C},
Title = {Hard and soft probe-medium interactions in a 3D hydro+micro
approach at RHIC},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {8},
Pages = {S979-S983},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arXiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0702079},
Abstract = {We utilize a 3D hybrid hydro+micro model for a comprehensive
and consistent description of soft and hard particle
production in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at
RHIC. In the soft sector we focus on the dynamics of
(multi-) strange baryons, where a clear strangeness
dependence of their collision rates and freeze-out is
observed. In the hard sector we study the radiative energy
loss of hard partons in a soft medium in the multiple soft
scattering approximation. While the nuclear suppression
factor RAA does not reflect the high quality of the medium
description (except in a reduced systematic uncertainty in
extracting the quenching power of the medium), the
hydrodynamical model also allows us to study different
centralities and in particular the angular variation of RAA
with respect to the reaction plane, allowing for a
controlled variation of the in-medium path length. © 2007
IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S139},
Key = {fds245317}
}
@article{fds349333,
Author = {Dai, T and Bass, SA and Paquet, JF and Teaney, D},
Title = {Hard scattering and stochastic reformulation of parton
energy loss},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {355},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Hard partons lose energy when propagating through the
quark-gluon plasma by interacting with plasma particles.
These parton-plasma interactions consist of frequent soft
interactions and occasional hard scatterings. A reformulated
parton energy loss model building on a stochastic
description of soft interactions was derived recently in the
weakly-coupled limit. We numerically implement this
reformulated model and apply it in the phenomenological
regime. We validate this model by testing the dependence of
the parton energy loss on the cutoff between soft and hard
interactions, at both small and large coupling, for a static
brick as well as a realistic hydrodynamic
medium.},
Key = {fds349333}
}
@article{fds346527,
Author = {Abada, A and Abbrescia, M and AbdusSalam, SS and Abdyukhanov, I and Abelleira Fernandez and J and Abramov, A and Aburaia, M and Acar, AO and Adzic, PR and Agrawal, P and Aguilar-Saavedra, JA and Aguilera-Verdugo, JJ and Aiba, M and Aichinger, I and Aielli, G and Akay, A and Akhundov, A and Aksakal, H and Albacete, JL and Albergo, S and Alekou, A and Aleksa, M and Aleksan, R and Alemany Fernandez and RM and Alexahin, Y and Alía, RG and Alioli, S and Alipour Tehrani and N and Allanach, BC and Allport, PP and Altınlı, M and Altmannshofer, W and Ambrosio, G and Amorim, D and Amstutz, O and Anderlini, L and Andreazza,
A and Andreini, M and Andriatis, A and Andris, C and Andronic, A and Angelucci, M and Antinori, F and Antipov, SA and Antonelli, M and Antonello, M and Antonioli, P and Antusch, S and Anulli, F and Apolinário, L and Apollinari, G and Apollonio, A and Appelö, D and Appleby, RB and Apyan, A and Arbey, A and Arbuzov, A and Arduini, G and Arı, V and Arias, S and Armesto, N and Arnaldi, R and Arsenyev, SA and Arzeo, M and Asai, S and Aslanides, E and Aßmann, RW and Astapovych, D and Atanasov, M and Atieh, S and Attié, D and Auchmann, B and Audurier, A and Aull, S and Aumon, S and Aune, S and Avino, F and Avrillaud, G and Aydın,
G and Azatov, A and Azuelos, G and Azzi, P and Azzolini, O and Azzurri, P and Bacchetta, N and Bacchiocchi, E and Bachacou, H and Baek, YW and Baglin,
V and Bai, Y and Baird, S and Baker, MJ and Baldwin, MJ and Ball, AH and Ballarino, A and Banerjee, S and Barber, DP and Barducci, D and Barjhoux, P},
Title = {HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider: Future
Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume
4},
Journal = {European Physical Journal: Special Topics},
Volume = {228},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1109-1382},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2019-900088-6},
Abstract = {In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for
Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC)
study was launched as a world-wide international
collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an
energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a
highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the
corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the
physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a
high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document
constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design
Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes
the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the
FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged
operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the
civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also
sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients
from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity
LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches,
the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy
frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre-of-mass
collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to
explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great
direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries.},
Doi = {10.1140/epjst/e2019-900088-6},
Key = {fds346527}
}
@article{fds245208,
Author = {Cao, S and Qin, GY and Bass, SA},
Title = {Heavy flavor dynamics in QGP and hadron gas},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {931},
Pages = {569-574},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.09.011},
Abstract = {We study heavy flavor evolution in the quark-gluon plasma
matter and the subsequent hadron gas created in
ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. The motion of heavy
quarks inside the QGP is described using our modified
Langevin framework that incorporates both collisional and
radiative energy loss mechanisms; and the scatterings
between heavy mesons and the hadron gas are simulated with
the UrQMD model. We find that the hadronic interaction
further suppresses the D meson RAA at high pT and enhances
its v2. And our calculations provide good descriptions of
experimental data from both RHIC and LHC. In addition, we
explore the heavy-flavor-tagged angular correlation
functions and find them to be a potential candidate for
distinguishing different energy loss mechanisms of heavy
quarks inside the QGP.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.09.011},
Key = {fds245208}
}
@article{fds349335,
Author = {Fan, W and Ke, W and Bass, SA},
Title = {Heavy jet analysis within the JETSCAPE framework},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {355},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {JETSCAPE is a modular, flexible, and extensible Monte Carlo
event generator for simulating Heacy Ion collisions under
various collision systems and collision energy. In this
work, we continue the benchmark of such a framework in p+p
collisions under the heavy jet production sector. The
JETSCAPE calculation is compared with PYTHIA calculation as
well as experimental data and qualitative agreement is
found.},
Key = {fds349335}
}
@article{fds220305,
Author = {S. Cao and G.-Y. Qin and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Heavy quark dynamics and hadronization in ultra-relativistic
heavy-ion collisions: collisional versus radiative energy
loss},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {88},
Pages = {044907},
Year = {2013},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.88.044907},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.88.044907},
Key = {fds220305}
}
@article{fds245214,
Author = {Cao, S and Qin, GY and Bass, SA and Müller, B},
Title = {Heavy quark energy loss and angular de-correlation in a
quark-gluon plasma matter},
Journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
Volume = {446},
Number = {1},
Pages = {012035-012035},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2013},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {1742-6588},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000325851000035&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We study heavy quark energy loss in a hot and dense nuclear
matter in the framework of Langevin equation coupled to a
(2+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The classical Langevin
framework is modified such that both quasi-elastic
scattering and gluon radiation are incorporated. We provide
good description of D meson suppression measured by the
ALICE collaboration. We further investigate the angular
correlation function of c pairs, and find that it can be
potentially employed to distinguish different energy loss
mechanisms of heavy quarks inside QGP. © Published under
licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/446/1/012035},
Key = {fds245214}
}
@article{fds245218,
Author = {Cao, S and Qin, GY and Bass, SA},
Title = {Heavy quark energy loss and thermalization in hot and dense
nuclear matter},
Journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
Volume = {420},
Number = {1},
Pages = {012022-012022},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1742-6588},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/420/1/012022},
Abstract = {We study heavy quark energy loss and thermalization in hot
and dense nuclear medium. The diffusion of heavy quarks is
calculated via a Langevin equation, both for a static medium
as well as for a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) medium generated
by a (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic model. We investigate
how the initial configuration of the QGP and its properties
affect the final state spectra and elliptic flow of heavy
flavor mesons and non-photonic electrons. It is observed
that both the geometric anisotropy of the initial profile
and the flow profile of the hydrodynamic medium play
important roles in the heavy quark energy loss process and
the development of elliptic flow. Within our definition of
the thermalization criterion and for reasonable values of
the diffusion constant, we observe thermalization times that
are longer than the lifetime of the QGP phase.},
Doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/420/1/012022},
Key = {fds245218}
}
@article{fds322931,
Author = {Xu, Y and Cao, S and Nahrgang, M and Ke, W and Qin, GY and Auvinen, J and Bass, SA},
Title = {Heavy-flavor dynamics in relativistic p-Pb collisions at
√sNN = 5.02 TeV},
Journal = {Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings},
Volume = {276-278},
Pages = {225-228},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2016.05.050},
Abstract = {We investigate the heavy flavor dynamics in the quark-gluon
plasma (QGP) medium created in p-Pb collisions at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the (3+1)-dimensional
viscous hydrodynamics model describing QGP medium, the
dynamics of heavy quarks are studied in an improved Langevin
framework incorporating both collisional and radiative
energy loss. The hadronization of the heavy quarks is given
by a hybrid model of fragmentation and recombination. We
find that the in-medium evolution of charm quarks raises the
D-meson RpPb at low transverse momenta while it suppresses
the D-meson RpPb at intermediate momenta. In addition, the
elliptic flow of D-meson is calculated. For a diffusion
coefficient which reproduces central RAA data at the LHC, we
find a much smaller D-meson ν2 compared to the light
hadrons. This observation indicates an incomplete coupling
between heavy quarks with the medium, due to the reduced
medium size compared to AA collisions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2016.05.050},
Key = {fds322931}
}
@article{fds245201,
Author = {Nahrgang, M and Aichelin, J and Bass, S and Gossiaux, PB and Werner,
K},
Title = {Heavy-flavor observables at RHIC and LHC},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {931},
Pages = {575-580},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.08.094},
Abstract = {We investigate the charm-quark propagation in the QGP media
produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC
and the LHC. Purely collisional and radiative processes lead
to a significant suppression of final D-meson spectra at
high transverse momentum and a finite flow of heavy quarks
inside the fluid dynamical evolution of the light partons.
The D-meson nuclear modification factor and the elliptic
flow are studied at two collision energies. We further
propose to measure the triangular flow of D mesons, which we
find to be nonzero in non-central collisions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.08.094},
Key = {fds245201}
}
@article{fds327010,
Author = {Aarts, G and Aichelin, J and Allton, C and Arnaldi, R and Bass, SA and Bedda, C and Brambilla, N and Bratkovskaya, E and Braun-Munzinger, P and Bruno, GE and Dahms, T and Das, SK and Dembinski, H and Djordjevic, M and Ferreiro, E and Frawley, A and Gossiaux, PB and Granier de Cassagnac,
R and Grelli, A and He, M and Horowitz, WA and Innocenti, GM and Jo, M and Kaczmarek, O and Kuijer, PG and Laine, M and Lombardo, MP and Mischke,
A and Munhoz, MG and Nahrgang, M and Nguyen, M and Oliveira da Silva,
AC and Petreczky, P and Rothkopf, A and Schmelling, M and Scomparin, E and Song, T and Stachel, J and Suaide, AAP and Tolos, L and Trzeciak, B and Uras, A and van Doremalen, L and Vermunt, L and Vigolo, S and Xu, N and Ye,
Z and Zanoli, HJC and Zhuang, P},
Title = {Heavy-flavor production and medium properties in high-energy
nuclear collisions --What next?},
Journal = {European Physical Journal A},
Volume = {53},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2017-12282-9},
Abstract = {Open and hidden heavy-flavor physics in high-energy nuclear
collisions are entering a new and exciting stage towards
reaching a clearer understanding of the new experimental
results with the possibility to link them directly to the
advancement in lattice Quantum Chromo-Dynamics (QCD). Recent
results from experiments and theoretical developments
regarding open and hidden heavy-flavor dynamics have been
debated at the Lorentz Workshop Tomography of the
Quark-Gluon Plasma with Heavy Quarks, which was held in
October 2016 in Leiden, The Netherlands. In this
contribution, we summarize identified common understandings
and developed strategies for the upcoming five years, which
aim at achieving a profound knowledge of the dynamical
properties of the quark-gluon plasma.},
Doi = {10.1140/epja/i2017-12282-9},
Key = {fds327010}
}
@article{fds245215,
Author = {Cao, S and Qin, GY and Bass, SA},
Title = {Heavy-quark dynamics and hadronization in ultrarelativistic
heavy-ion collisions: Collisional versus radiative energy
loss},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {88},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.88.044907},
Abstract = {We study the dynamics of energy loss and flow of heavy
quarks produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
within the framework of a Langevin equation coupled to a
(2+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model that simulates
the spacetime evolution of the produced hot and dense QCD
matter. The classical Langevin approach is improved such
that, apart from quasielastic scatterings, radiative energy
loss is incorporated by treating gluon radiation as an
additional force term. The hadronization of emitted heavy
quarks is simulated via a hybrid fragmentation plus
recombination model. Our calculation shows significant
contribution from gluon radiation to heavy quark energy loss
at high energies, and we find the recombination mechanism is
important for heavy flavor meson production at intermediate
energies. We present numerical results for the nuclear
modification and elliptic flow of D mesons, which are
consistent with measurements at both the CERN Large Hadron
Collider (LHC) and the BNL Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider
(RHIC); predictions for B mesons are also provided. © 2013
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.88.044907},
Key = {fds245215}
}
@article{fds245270,
Author = {Bass, SA},
Title = {High energy-density QCD matter},
Journal = {Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement},
Volume = {193},
Number = {193},
Pages = {53-61},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0375-9687},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.193.53},
Abstract = {This article highlights topics in High Energy-Density QCD of
relevance to the physics of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion
collisions.},
Doi = {10.1143/PTPS.193.53},
Key = {fds245270}
}
@booklet{Bass94,
Author = {Bass, SA and Hartnack, C and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {High pt pions as probes of the dense phase of relativistic
heavy ion collisions.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {50},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2167-2172},
Year = {1994},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.50.2167},
Abstract = {The properties of pions from the hot and dense reaction
stage of relativistic heavy ion collisions are investigated
with the Quantum Molecular Dynamics model. Pions originating
from this reaction stage stem from resonance decay with
enhanced mass. They carry high transverse moments. The
calculation shows a direct correlation between high pt
pions, early freeze-out times, and high freeze-out
densities. A measurement of the mass distributions of p-
correlations (e.g., the ++) in different pt bins is proposed
to distinguish different reaction stages. © 1994 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.50.2167},
Key = {Bass94}
}
@article{fds353952,
Author = {Tachibana, Y and Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner,
H and Everett, D and Fan, W and Fries, R and Gale, C and He, Y and Heffernan,
M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kauder, K and Ke,
W and Khalaj, E and II, MK and Kumar, A and Luo, T and Luzum, M and Majumder,
A and McNelis, M and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pablos, D and Pang, LG and Park, C and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Vujanovic, G and Wang, X-N and Wolpert,
RL and Xu, Y and Yang, Z},
Title = {Hydrodynamic response to jets with a source based on causal
diffusion},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {We study the medium response to jet evolution in the
quark-gluon plasma within the JETSCAPE framework. Recoil
partons' medium response in the weakly coupled description
is implemented in the multi-stage jet energy-loss model in
the framework. As a further extension, the hydrodynamic
description is rearranged to include in-medium jet transport
based on a strong-coupling picture. To interface
hydrodynamics with jet energy-loss models, the hydrodynamic
source term is modeled by a causal formulation employing the
relativistic diffusion equation. The jet shape and
fragmentation function are studied via realistic simulations
with weakly coupled recoils. We also demonstrate
modifications in the medium caused by the hydrodynamic
response.},
Key = {fds353952}
}
@article{fds326196,
Author = {Bluhm, M and Nahrgang, M and Bass, SA and Schäfer,
T},
Title = {Impact of resonance decays on critical point signals in
net-proton fluctuations},
Journal = {European Physical Journal C},
Volume = {77},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4771-3},
Abstract = {The non-monotonic beam energy dependence of the higher
cumulants of net-proton fluctuations is a widely studied
signature of the conjectured presence of a critical point in
the QCD phase diagram. In this work we study the effect of
resonance decays on critical fluctuations. We show that
resonance effects reduce the signatures of critical
fluctuations, but that for reasonable parameter choices
critical effects in the net-proton cumulants survive. The
relative role of resonance decays has a weak dependence on
the order of the cumulants studied with a slightly stronger
suppression of critical effects for higher-order
cumulants.},
Doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4771-3},
Key = {fds326196}
}
@article{fds245296,
Author = {Coleman-Smith, CE and Bass, SA and Srivastava,
DK},
Title = {Implementing the LPM effect in a parton cascade
model},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {862-863},
Number = {1},
Pages = {275-278},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1101.4895},
Abstract = {Parton Cascade Models which describe the full time-evolution
of a system of quarks and gluons using pQCD interactions are
ideally suited for the description of jet production,
including the emission, evolution and energy-loss of the
full parton shower in a hot and dense QCD medium. The
Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect the quantum
interference of parton wave functions due to repeated
scatterings against the background medium, is likely the
dominant in-medium effect affecting jet suppression. We have
implemented a probabilistic implementation of the LPM effect
within the PCM which can be validated against previously
derived analytical calculations by Baier et al (BDMPS-Z)
Presented at the 6th International Conference on Physics and
Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma (ICPAQGP 2010). © 2011
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2011.05.071},
Key = {fds245296}
}
@article{fds370458,
Author = {Kumar, A and Tachibana, Y and Sirimanna, C and Vujanovic, G and Cao, S and Majumder, A and Chen, Y and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Everett, D and Fan, W and He, Y and Mulligan, J and Park, C and Angerami, A and Arora, R and Bass,
SA and Dai, T and Elfner, H and Fries, RJ and Gale, C and Garza, F and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kauder, K and Kasper, L and Ke, W and Kelsey, M and Kim, B and Kordell, M and Latessa, J and Lee, YJ and Liyanage, D and Lopez, A and Luzum, M and Mak,
S and Mankolli, A and Martin, C and Mehryar, H and Mengel, T and Nattrass,
C and Oliinychenko, D and Paquet, JF and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Sengupta, A and Shen, C and Silva, A and Soeder, D and Soltz, RA and Staudenmaier, J and Strickland, M and Velkovska, J and Wang, XN and Wolpert, RL},
Title = {Inclusive jet and hadron suppression in a multistage
approach},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {107},
Number = {3},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.107.034911},
Abstract = {We present a new study of jet interactions in the
quark-gluon plasma created in high-energy heavy-ion
collisions, using a multistage event generator within the
jetscape framework. We focus on medium-induced modifications
in the rate of inclusive jets and high transverse momentum
(high-pT) hadrons. Scattering-induced jet energy loss is
calculated in two stages: a high virtuality stage based on
the matter model, in which scattering of highly virtual
partons modifies the vacuum radiation pattern, and a second
stage at lower jet virtuality based on the lbt model, in
which leading partons gain and lose virtuality by scattering
and radiation. Coherence effects that reduce the
medium-induced emission rate in the matter phase are also
included. The trento model is used for initial conditions,
and the (2+1)dimensional vishnu model is used for viscous
hydrodynamic evolution. Jet interactions with the medium are
modeled via 2-to-2 scattering with Debye screened
potentials, in which the recoiling partons are tracked,
hadronized, and included in the jet clustering. Holes left
in the medium are also tracked and subtracted to conserve
transverse momentum. Calculations of the nuclear
modification factor (RAA) for inclusive jets and high-pT
hadrons are compared to experimental measurements at the BNL
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the CERN Large
Hadron Collider (LHC). Within this framework, we find that
with one extra parameter which codifies the transition
between stages of jet modification - along with the typical
parameters such as the coupling in the medium, the start and
stop criteria, etc. - we can describe these data at all
energies for central and semicentral collisions without a
rescaling of the jet transport coefficient
q.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.107.034911},
Key = {fds370458}
}
@article{fds245273,
Author = {Harter, JM and Wu, X and Alabi, OS and Phadke, M and Pinto, L and Dougherty, D and Petersen, H and Bass, S and Taylor,
RM},
Title = {Increasing the perceptual salience of relationships in
parallel coordinate plots.},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {8294},
Pages = {82940T},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.907486},
Abstract = {We present three extensions to parallel coordinates that
increase the perceptual salience of relationships between
axes in multivariate data sets: (1) luminance modulation
maintains the ability to preattentively detect patterns in
the presence of overplotting, (2) adding a one-vs.-all
variable display highlights relationships between one
variable and all others, and (3) adding a scatter plot
within the parallel-coordinates display preattentively
highlights clusters and spatial layouts without strongly
interfering with the parallel-coordinates display. These
techniques can be combined with one another and with
existing extensions to parallel coordinates, and two of them
generalize beyond cases with known-important axes. We
applied these techniques to two real-world data sets
(relativistic heavy-ion collision hydrodynamics and weather
observations with statistical principal component analysis)
as well as the popular car data set. We present
relationships discovered in the data sets using these
methods.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.907486},
Key = {fds245273}
}
@article{fds245278,
Author = {Spieles, C and Gerland, L and Hammon, N and Bleicher, M and Bass, SA and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W and Lourenço, C and Vogt,
R},
Title = {Intermediate mass dileptons from secondary Drell-Yan
processes},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {638},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {507c-510c},
Year = {1998},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00345-5},
Abstract = {Recent reports on enhancements of intermediate and high mass
muon pairs produced in heavy ion collisions have attracted
much attention. To gain a better understanding of the
content of the dilepton continuum, we study Drell-Yan
production from secondary hadron interactions in
nucleus-nucleus collisions. We show that meson-baryon
interactions can be an important source of m ∼ 2 GeV
dileptons. We also discuss the effects of preresonance
parton collisions.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00345-5},
Key = {fds245278}
}
@article{fds245353,
Author = {Ernst, C and Bass, SA and Belkacem, M and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Intermediate mass excess of dilepton production in heavy ion
collisions at relativistic energies},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {58},
Number = {1},
Pages = {447-456},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9712069},
Abstract = {Dielectron mass spectra are examined for various nuclear
reactions recently measured by the DLS Collaboration. A
detailed description is given of all dilepton channels
included in the transport model UrQMD 1.0, i.e., Dalitz
decays of [Formula Presented] mesons and of the [Formula
Presented] resonance, direct decays of vector mesons and
[Formula Presented] bremsstrahlung. The microscopic
calculations reproduce data for light systems fairly well,
but tend to underestimate the data in [Formula Presented] at
high energies and in [Formula Presented] at low energies.
These conventional sources, however, cannot explain the
recently reported enhancement for nucleus-nucleus collisions
in the mass region [Formula Presented] Chiral scaling and
[Formula Presented] meson broadening in the medium are
investigated as a source of this mass excess. They also
cannot explain the recent DLS data. © 1998 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.58.447},
Key = {fds245353}
}
@article{fds336440,
Author = {Auvinen, J and Bernhard, JE and Bass, SA and Karpenko,
I},
Title = {Investigating the collision energy dependence of η/s in the
beam energy scan at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
using Bayesian statistics},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {97},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.044905},
Abstract = {We determine the probability distributions of the shear
viscosity over the entropy density ratio η/s in the
quark-gluon plasma formed in Au + Au collisions at
sNN=19.6,39, and 62.4GeV, using Bayesian inference and
Gaussian process emulators for a model-to-data statistical
analysis that probes the full input parameter space of a
transport + viscous hydrodynamics hybrid model. We find the
most likely value of η/s to be larger at smaller sNN,
although the uncertainties still allow for a constant value
between 0.10 and 0.15 for the investigated collision energy
range.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.97.044905},
Key = {fds336440}
}
@booklet{Bass93a,
Author = {Bass, SA and Mattiello, R and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W and Hartnack,
C},
Title = {Is collective pion flow anticorrelated to nucleon
flow?},
Journal = {Physics Letters B},
Volume = {302},
Number = {4},
Pages = {381-385},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1993},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0370-2693},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(93)90413-C},
Abstract = {The in-plane transverse momentum of pions in Ne(2A GeV)Pb
and Au(2A GeV)Au collisions is analysed in the framework of
the Vlasov-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model. The rapidity dependence
of pion flow shows the opposite sign as the nucleon flow.
The anticorrelation of pions and nucleons can be explained
by multiple πN scattering. It turns out that the nonzero
transverse momentum for pions at target rapidities is no
proof for pion absorption in contrast to claims in previous
works. Pion absorption does not influence the angular
distribution of pions but plays an important role for the
absolute numbers of produced pions. © 1993.},
Doi = {10.1016/0370-2693(93)90413-C},
Key = {Bass93a}
}
@article{fds245267,
Author = {Coleman-Smith, CE and Qin, GY and Bass, SA and Müller,
B},
Title = {Jet modification in a brick of QGP matter},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {1441},
Pages = {892-894},
Publisher = {AIP},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0094-243X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3700711},
Abstract = {We have implemented the LPM effect into a microscopic
transport model with partonic degrees of freedom by
following the algorithm of Zapp & Wiedemann. The
Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect is a quantum
interference process that modifies the emission of radiation
in the presence of a dense medium. In QCD this results in a
quadratic length dependence for radiative energy loss. This
is an important effect for the modification of jets by their
passage through the QGP. We verify the leading parton energy
loss in the model against the leading order
Baier-Dokshitzer-Mueller-Peigne-Schiff-Zakharov (BDMPS-Z)
result. We apply our model to the recent observations of the
modification of di-jets at the LHC. © 2012 American
Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3700711},
Key = {fds245267}
}
@article{fds245319,
Author = {Majumder, A and Nonaka, C and Bass, SA},
Title = {Jet modification in three dimensional fluid dynamics at
next-to-leading twist},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {76},
Number = {4},
Pages = {041902},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arXiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0703019},
Abstract = {The modification of the single inclusive spectrum of high
transverse momentum (pT) pions emanating from an
ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collision is investigated. The
deconfined sector is modeled using a full three-dimensional
(3-D) ideal fluid dynamics simulation. Energy loss of high
pT partons and the ensuing modification of their
fragmentation is calculated within perturbative QCD at
next-to-leading twist, where the magnitude of the higher
twist contribution is modulated by the entropy density
extracted from the 3-D fluid dynamics simulation. The
nuclear modification factor (RAA) for pions with a pT≥8
GeV as a function of centrality as well as with respect to
the reaction plane is calculated. The magnitude of
contributions to the differential RAA within small angular
ranges, from various depths in the dense matter, is
extracted from the calculation and demonstrates the
correlation of the length integrated density and the RAA
from a given depth. The significance of the mixed and
hadronic phase to the overall magnitude of energy loss is
explored. © 2007 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.76.041902},
Key = {fds245319}
}
@article{fds353953,
Author = {Kumar, A and Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Coleman,
J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Everett, D and Fan, W and Fries, R and Gale, C and He, Y and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kauder, K and Ke, W and Khalaj, E and II, MK and Luo, T and Luzum, M and Majumder, A and McNelis,
M and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pablos, D and Pang, LG and Park, C and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Tachibana, Y and Vujanovic, G and Wang, X-N and Wolpert,
RL and Xu, Y and Yang, Z},
Title = {Jet quenching in a multi-stage Monte Carlo
approach},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {We present a jet quenching model within a unified
multi-stage framework and demonstrate for the first time a
simultaneous description of leading hadrons, inclusive jets,
and elliptic flow observables which spans multiple
centralities and collision energies. This highlights one of
the major successes of the JETSCAPE framework in providing a
tool for setting up an effective parton evolution that
includes a high-virtuality radiation dominated energy loss
phase (MATTER), followed by a low-virtuality scattering
dominated (LBT) energy loss phase. Measurements of jet and
charged-hadron $R_{AA}$ set strong constraints on the jet
quenching model. Jet-medium response is also included
through a weakly-coupled transport description.},
Key = {fds353953}
}
@article{fds245258,
Author = {Renk, T and Ruppert, J and Nonaka, C and Bass, SA},
Title = {Jet quenching in a three-dimensional hydrodynamic
medium},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {75},
Number = {3},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.75.031902},
Abstract = {We study the radiative energy loss of hard partons in a soft
medium in the multiple soft scattering approximation. The
soft medium is described by a 3D hydrodynamical model and we
treat the averaging over all possible parton paths through
the medium without approximation. While the nuclear
suppression factor RAA does not reflect the high quality of
the medium description (except in a reduced systematic
uncertainty in extracting the quenching power of the
medium), the hydrodynamical model also allows to study
different centralities and in particular the angular
variation of RAA with respect to the reaction plane,
allowing for a controlled variation of the in-medium
path-length. We study the angular dependence of RAA for
different centralities, discuss the influence of
hydrodynamical expansion and flow and comment on the
comparison with preliminary data. © 2007 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.75.031902},
Key = {fds245258}
}
@article{fds353959,
Author = {Tachibana, Y and Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Elfner, H and Everett, D and Fan, W and Fries, R and Gale, C and He, Y and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kauder, K and Ke, W and Khalaj, E and II, MK and Kumar, A and Luo,
T and Majumder, A and McNelis, M and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pablos, D and Pang, LG and Park, C and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Vujanovic, G and Wang, X-N and Wolpert, RL and Xu, Y and Yang, Z},
Title = {Jet substructure modification in a QGP from a multi-scale
description of jet evolution with JETSCAPE},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {The modification of jet substructure in relativistic
heavy-ion collisions is studied using JETSCAPE, a publicly
available software package containing a framework for Monte
Carlo event generators. Multi-stage jet evolution in
JETSCAPE provides an integrated description of jet quenching
by combining multiple models, with each becoming active at a
different stage of the parton shower evolution. Jet
substructure modification due to different aspects of jet
quenching is studied using jet shape and jet fragmentation
observables. Various combinations of jet energy loss models
are exploed, with medium background provided by (2 + 1)-D
VISHNU with TRENTo+freestreaming initial conditions. Results
reported here are from simulations performed within JETSCAPE
framework.},
Key = {fds353959}
}
@article{fds245315,
Author = {Renk, T and Ruppert, J and Nonaka, C and Bass, SA},
Title = {Jet-quenching in a 3D hydrodynamic medium},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {75},
Pages = {031902},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0611027},
Key = {fds245315}
}
@article{fds354216,
Author = {Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Everett,
D and Fan, W and Fries, R and Gale, C and He, Y and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kauder, K and Ke, W and Khalaj, E and Kordell, M and Kumar, A and Luo, T and Luzum, M and Majumder, A and McNelis, M and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pablos, D and Pang, LG and Park, C and Paquet, JF and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Tachibana, Y and Vujanovic, G and Wang,
XN and Wolpert, RL and Xu, Y and Yang, Z},
Title = {JETSCAPE Collaboration},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {1005},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(20)30416-4},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(20)30416-4},
Key = {fds354216}
}
@article{fds353265,
Author = {Kumar, A and Tachibana, Y and Pablos, D and Sirimanna, C and Fries, RJ and Majumder, A and Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Elfner, H and Everett,
D and Fan, W and Gale, C and He, Y and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kauder, K and Khalaj, E and Ke, W and Kordell, M and Luo, T and McNelis, M and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pang,
LG and Park, C and Paquet, JF and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke,
B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Soltz, RA and Vujanovic, G and Wang,
XN and Wolpert, RL and Xu, Y and Yang, Z},
Title = {JETSCAPE framework: P+p results},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {102},
Number = {5},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.102.054906},
Abstract = {The JETSCAPE framework is a modular and versatile Monte
Carlo software package for the simulation of high energy
nuclear collisions. In this work we present a new tune of
JETSCAPE, called PP19, and validate it by comparison to
jet-based measurements in p+p collisions, including
inclusive single jet cross sections, jet shape observables,
fragmentation functions, charged hadron cross sections, and
dijet mass cross sections. These observables in p+p
collisions provide the baseline for their counterparts in
nuclear collisions. Quantifying the level of agreement of
JETSCAPE results with p+p data is thus necessary for
meaningful applications of JETSCAPE to A+A collisions. The
calculations use the JETSCAPE PP19 tune, defined in this
paper, based on version 1.0 of the JETSCAPE framework. For
the observables discussed in this work calculations using
JETSCAPE PP19 agree with data over a wide range of collision
energies at a level comparable to standard Monte Carlo
codes. These results demonstrate the physics capabilities of
the JETSCAPE framework and provide benchmarks for JETSCAPE
users.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.102.054906},
Key = {fds353265}
}
@article{fds245376,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B},
Title = {K-factors in parton cascades at RHIC and
SPS},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {471},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {108-112},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0370-2693},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9908014},
Abstract = {Different treatments for the inclusion of higher-order
perturbative QCD corrections in parton based transport
models of relativistic heavy-ion collisions are studied and
their influence on experimental observables is investigated.
At RHIC, particle multiplicities may vary by more than 30%,
depending on the correction scheme. A detailed analysis of
the squared relative momentum transfers Q2 to be expected in
parton (re)scatterings at RHIC casts doubt on the
applicability of pQCD based transport approaches at the SPS
and rules out the application of higher-order correction
schemes based on a rescaling of Q2 in the running coupling
constant α(s), at all energies. (C) 1999 Published by
Elsevier Science B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(99)01364-7},
Key = {fds245376}
}
@article{fds245387,
Author = {Soff, S and Bass, SA and Hardtke, DH and Panitkin,
SY},
Title = {Kaon interferometry: a sensitive probe of the QCD equation
of state?},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {88},
Number = {7},
Pages = {072301},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000174021100020&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We calculate the kaon-interferometry radius parameters for
high-energy heavy-ion collisions, assuming a first-order
phase transition from a thermalized quark-gluon plasma (QGP)
to a gas of hadrons. At high transverse momenta K(T)
approximately 1 GeV/c direct emission from the phase
boundary becomes important; the emission duration signal,
i.e., the R(out)/R(side) ratio, and its sensitivity to T(c)
(and thus to the latent heat) are enlarged. The QGP+hadronic
rescattering transport model calculations do not yield
unusually large radii (R(i) < or = 9 fm).
Finite-momentum-resolution effects have a strong impact on
the extracted interferometry parameters ( R(i) and lambda),
as well as on the ratio R(out)/R(side).},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.88.072301},
Key = {fds245387}
}
@article{fds340904,
Author = {Srivastava, DK and Chatterjee, R and Bass, SA},
Title = {Landau-Pomeranchuk-Midgal effect and charm production in pp
collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron
Collider using the parton cascade model},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {98},
Number = {5},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.98.054910},
Abstract = {We study the impact of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Midgal (LPM)
effect on the dynamics of parton interactions in
proton-proton collisions at energies available at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider. For our investigation we utilize a
microscopic kinetic theory based on the Boltzmann equation.
The calculation traces the space-time evolution of the
cascading partons interacting via semihard pQCD scatterings
and fragmentations. We focus on the impact of the LPM effect
on the production of charm quarks, since their production is
exclusively governed by processes well described in our
kinetic theory. The LPM effect is found to become more
prominent as the collision energy rises and at central
rapidities, and may significantly affect the model's
predicted charm distributions at low momenta.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.98.054910},
Key = {fds340904}
}
@article{fds245372,
Author = {Bass, S and Bleicher, M and Cassing, W and Dumitru, A and Drescher, HJ and Eskola, K and Gyulassy, M and Kharzeev, D and Kovchegov, Y and Lin, Z and Molnar, D and Ollitrault, JY and Pratt, S and Rafelski, J and Rapp, R and Rischke, D and Schaffner Bielich and J and Schlei, B and Snigerev, A and Sorge, H and Sriva, D},
Title = {Last Call for RHIC Predictions},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys.},
Volume = {661},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {205-260},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9907090},
Abstract = {This paper contains the individual contributions of all
speakers of the session on 'Last Call for RHIC Predictions'
at Quark Matter 99, and a summary by the
convenor.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(99)85024-6},
Key = {fds245372}
}
@article{fds245359,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Pöschl, W},
Title = {Lattice gauge description of colliding nuclei},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {11},
Pages = {L109-L115},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {1999},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9808011},
Abstract = {We propose a novel formalism for simultaneously describing
both the hard and soft parton dynamics in ultrarelativistic
collisions of nuclei. The emission of gluons from the
initially coherent parton configurations of the colliding
nuclei and low-p1 colour coherence effects are treated in
the framework of a Yang-Mills transport equation on a
coupled lattice-particle system. A collision term is added
to the transport equation to account for the remaining
intermediate and high-p1 interactions in an infrared finite
manner.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/25/11/101},
Key = {fds245359}
}
@article{fds245407,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Light from cascading partons in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {90},
Number = {8},
Pages = {082301},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12633418},
Abstract = {We calculate the production of high energy photons from
Compton and annihilation processes as well as fragmentation
off quarks in the parton cascade model. The multiple
scattering of partons is seen to lead to a substantial
production of high energy photons, which rises further when
parton multiplication due to final state radiation is
included. The photon yield is found to be directly
proportional to the number of hard collisions and thus
provides valuable information on the preequilibrium reaction
dynamics.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.90.082301},
Key = {fds245407}
}
@article{fds340903,
Author = {Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, SA},
Title = {Linearized Boltzmann-Langevin model for heavy quark
transport in hot and dense QCD matter},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {98},
Number = {6},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.98.064901},
Abstract = {In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the production of
heavy quarks at large transverse momenta is strongly
suppressed compared to proton-proton collisions. In
addition, an unexpectedly large azimuthal anisotropy was
observed for the emission of charmed hadrons in noncentral
collisions. Both observations pose challenges to the
theoretical understanding of the coupling between heavy
quarks and the quark-gluon plasma produced in these
collisions. Transport models for the evolution of heavy
quarks in a QCD medium offer the opportunity to study these
effects; two of the most successful approaches are based on
the linearized Boltzmann transport equation and the Langevin
equation. In this work, we develop a hybrid transport model
that combines the strengths of both of these approaches:
Heavy quarks scatter with medium partons using
matrix-elements calculated in perturbative QCD, while
between these discrete hard scatterings they evolve using a
Langevin equation with empirical transport coefficients to
capture the nonperturbative soft part of the interaction.
With the hybrid transport model coupled to a
state-of-the-art event-by-event bulk evolution model based
on 2+1D relativistic viscous fluid dynamics, we study the
azimuthal anisotropy and nuclear modification factor of
heavy quarks in Pb+Pb collisions at s=5.02 TeV. The
parameters related to heavy-flavor transport are calibrated
using a Bayesian analysis comparing them to available
D-meson and B-meson data at the Large Hadron Collider. Using
the calibrated model, we study the implications on
heavy-flavor transport properties and predict
observables.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.98.064901},
Key = {fds340903}
}
@article{fds245374,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Zabrodin, EE and Gorenstein, MI and Bass, SA and Belkacem, M and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Ernst, C and Hofmann, M and Neise, L and Soff, S and Weber, H and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Local equilibrium in heavy ion collisions: Microscopic model
versus statistical model analysis},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {60},
Number = {2},
Pages = {14},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000082051700046&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The assumption of local equilibrium in relativistic heavy
ion collisions at energies from [Formula Presented] GeV
(AGS) up to [Formula Presented] GeV (SPS) is checked in the
microscopic transport model. Dynamical calculations
performed for a central cell in the reaction are compared to
the predictions of the thermal statistical model. We find
that kinetic, thermal, and chemical equilibration of the
expanding hadronic matter are nearly approached late in
central collisions at AGS energy for [Formula Presented] in
a central cell. At these times the equation of state may be
approximated by a simple dependence [Formula Presented].
Increasing deviations of the yields and the energy spectra
of hadrons from statistical model values are observed for
increasing energy, [Formula Presented] GeV and [Formula
Presented] GeV. These violations of local equilibrium
indicate that a fully equilibrated state is not reached, not
even in the central cell of heavy ion collisions at energies
above [Formula Presented] GeV. The origin of these findings
is traced to the multiparticle decays of strings and
many-body decays of resonances. © 1999 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.60.024904},
Key = {fds245374}
}
@article{fds245382,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Zabrodin, EE and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Soff, S and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Local equilibrium in heavy-ion collisions: Microscopic
analysis of a central cell versus infinite
matter},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {62},
Number = {6},
Pages = {064906},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.62.064906},
Abstract = {We study the local equilibrium in the central V = 125 fm3
cell in heavy-ion collisions at energies from 10.7A GeV
(AGS) to 160A GeV (SPS) calculated in the microscopic
transport model. In the present paper the hadron yields and
energy spectra in the cell are compared with those of
infinite nuclear matter, as calculated within the same
model. The agreement between the spectra in the two systems
is established for times t [>=] 10 fm/c in the central cell.
The cell results do not deviate noticeably from the infinite
matter calculations with rising incident energy, in contrast
to the apparent discrepancy with predictions of the
statistical model (SM) of an ideal hadron gas. The entropy
of this state is found to be very close to the maximum
entropy, while hadron abundances and energy spectra differ
significantly from those of the SM.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.62.064906},
Key = {fds245382}
}
@article{fds304509,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Zabrodin, EE and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Soff, S and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Local equilibrium in heavy-ion collisions: Microscopic
analysis of a central cell versus infinite
matter},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {62},
Number = {6},
Pages = {649061-6490610},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.62.064906},
Abstract = {We study the local equilibrium in the central V = 125 fm3
cell in heavy-ion collisions at energies from 10.7/4 GeV
(AGS) to 160A GeV (SPS) calculated in the microscopic
transport model. In the present paper the hadron yields and
energy spectra in the cell are compared with those of
infinite nuclear matter, as calculated within the same
model. The agreement between the spectra in the two systems
is established for times t ≥ 10 fm/c in the central cell.
The cell results do not deviate noticeably from the infinite
matter calculations with rising incident energy, in contrast
to the apparent discrepancy with predictions of the
statistical model (SM) of an ideal hadron gas. The entropy
of this state is found to be very close to the maximum
entropy, while hadron abundances and energy spectra differ
significantly from those of the SM.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.62.064906},
Key = {fds304509}
}
@article{fds245362,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Brandstetter, M and Gorenstein, MI and Zabrodin, EE and Belkacem, M and Bleicher, M and Bass, SA and Ernst, C and Hofmann, M and Soff, S and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Local thermal and chemical equilibration and the equation of
state in relativistic heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {351-361},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9810036},
Abstract = {Thermodynamical variables and their time evolution are
studied for central relativistic heavy ion collisions from
10.7 to 160 A GeV in the microscopic ultrarelativistic
quantum molecular dynamics model (UrQMD). The UrQMD model
exhibits drastic deviations from equilibrium during the
early high density phase of the collision. Local thermal and
chemical equilibration of the hadronic matter seems to be
established only at later stages of the quasi-isentropic
expansion in the central reaction cell with volume 125 fm3.
Baryon energy spectra in this cell are reproduced by
Boltzmann distributions at all collision energies for t ≥
10 fm/c with a unique rapidly dropping temperature. At these
times the equation of state has a simple form: P ≅
(0.12-0.15)ε. At SPS energies the strong deviation from
chemical equilibrium is found for mesons, especially pions,
even at the late stage of the reaction. The final
enhancement of pions is supported by experimental
data.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/25/2/024},
Key = {fds245362}
}
@article{fds245357,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Gorenstein, MI and Belkacem, M and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Hofmann, M and Soff, S and Spieles,
C and Weber, H and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Local thermodynamical equilibrium and the equation of state
of hot, dense matter created in Au + Au collisions at
AGS},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {434},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {379-387},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {August},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9804008},
Abstract = {Local kinetic and chemical equilibration is studied for Au +
Au collisions at 10.7 AGeV in the microscopic
Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics model (UrQMD).
The UrQMD model exhibits dramatic derivations from
equilibrium during the high density phase of the collision.
Thermal and chemical equilibration of the hadronic matter
seems to be established in the later stages during a
quasi-isentropic expansion, observed in the central reaction
cell with volume 125 fm3. For t ≥ 10 fm/c the hadron
energy spectra in the cell are nicely reproduced by
Boltzmann distributions with a common rapidly dropping
temperature. Hadron yields change drastically and at the
late expansion stage follow closely those of an ideal gas
statistical model. The equation of state seems to be simple
at late times: P ≅ 0.12ε. The time evolution of other
thermodynamical variables in the cell is also presented. ©
1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00624-8},
Key = {fds245357}
}
@article{fds245320,
Author = {Majumder, A and Müller, B and Bass, SA},
Title = {Longitudinal broadening of quenched jets in turbulent color
fields.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {99},
Number = {4},
Pages = {042301},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17678353},
Abstract = {The nearside distribution of particles at intermediate
transverse momentum, associated with a high momentum trigger
hadron produced in a high energy heavy-ion collision, is
broadened in rapidity compared with the jet cone. This
broadened distribution is thought to contain the energy lost
by the progenitor parton of the trigger hadron. We show that
the broadening can be explained as the final-state
deflection of the gluons radiated from the hard parton
inside the medium by soft, transversely oriented, turbulent
color fields that arise in the presence of plasma
instabilities. The magnitude of the effect is found to grow
with medium size and density and diminish with increasing
energy of the associated hadron.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.99.042301},
Key = {fds245320}
}
@article{fds245293,
Author = {Petersen, H and Bhattacharya, V and Bass, SA and Greiner,
C},
Title = {Longitudinal correlation of the triangular flow event plane
in a hybrid approach with hadron and parton cascade initial
conditions},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {84},
Number = {5},
Pages = {054908},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1105.0340},
Abstract = {The longitudinal long-range correlations of the triangular
flow event-plane angles are calculated in a Boltzmann +
hydrodynamics hybrid approach. The potential to disentangle
different energy deposition scenarios is explored by
utilizing two different transport approaches for the early
nonequilibrium evolution. In the hadronic transport approach
the particle production in high-energy heavy ion reactions
is mainly governed by string excitation and fragmentation
processes which are absent in the parton cascade approach.
We find that in both approaches the initial state shows a
strong longitudinal correlation of the event-plane angles
which is diluted but still persists in the final state
momentum space distributions of the produced particles. The
observation of this effect is an important prerequisite for
the experimental determination of odd harmonics that relies
on a rapidity independent event-plane definition. © 2011
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.84.054908},
Key = {fds245293}
}
@article{fds304515,
Author = {Petersen, H and Renk, T and Bass, SA},
Title = {Medium-modified jets and initial state fluctuations as
sources of charge correlations measured at energies
available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
(RHIC)},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.014916},
Abstract = {We investigate the contribution of medium-modified jets and
initial state fluctuations to the asymmetry in
charged-particle production with respect to the reaction
plane. This asymmetry has been suggested as a compelling
signature for the chiral magnetic effect in QCD and makes
the study of conventional scenarios for the creation of such
charged-particle multiplicity fluctuations a timely
endeavor. The different path-length combinations of jets
through the medium in noncentral heavy ion collisions result
in finite correlations of like and different charged
particles emitted in the different hemispheres. Our
calculation is based on the combination of jet events from
Yet another Jet Energy-Loss Model (YaJEM) and a bulk-medium
evolution. It is found that the jet production probabilities
are too small to observe this effect. The influence of
initial state fluctuations on this observable is explored by
using an event-by-event (3+1)-dimensional hybrid approach
that is based on Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular
Dynamics (UrQMD) with an ideal hydrodynamic evolution. In
this calculation, momentum conservation and elliptic flow
are explicitly taken into account. The asymmetries in the
initial state are translated to a final state momentum
asymmetry by the hydrodynamic flow profile. Dependent on the
size of the initial state fluctuations, the resulting
charged-particle asymmetries are in qualitative agreement
with the preliminary STAR (solenoid tracker at the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider) results. The multiparticle
correlation as proposed by the PHENIX Collaboration can, in
principle, be used to disentangle the different
contributions, however, in practice, is affected
substantially by the procedure to subtract trivial resonance
decay contributions. © 2011 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.83.014916},
Key = {fds304515}
}
@article{fds245299,
Author = {Petersen, H and Renk, T and Bass, SA},
Title = {Medium-modified Jets and Initial State Fluctuations as
Sources of Charge Correlations Measured at
RHIC},
Journal = {Physical Review},
Volume = {C83},
Number = {1},
Pages = {014916},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1008.3846},
Abstract = {We investigate the contribution of medium-modified jets and
initial state fluctuations to the asymmetry in
charged-particle production with respect to the reaction
plane. This asymmetry has been suggested as a compelling
signature for the chiral magnetic effect in QCD and makes
the study of conventional scenarios for the creation of such
charged-particle multiplicity fluctuations a timely
endeavor. The different path-length combinations of jets
through the medium in noncentral heavy ion collisions result
in finite correlations of like and different charged
particles emitted in the different hemispheres. Our
calculation is based on the combination of jet events from
Yet another Jet Energy-Loss Model (YaJEM) and a bulk-medium
evolution. It is found that the jet production probabilities
are too small to observe this effect. The influence of
initial state fluctuations on this observable is explored by
using an event-by-event (3+1)-dimensional hybrid approach
that is based on Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular
Dynamics (UrQMD) with an ideal hydrodynamic evolution. In
this calculation, momentum conservation and elliptic flow
are explicitly taken into account. The asymmetries in the
initial state are translated to a final state momentum
asymmetry by the hydrodynamic flow profile. Dependent on the
size of the initial state fluctuations, the resulting
charged-particle asymmetries are in qualitative agreement
with the preliminary STAR (solenoid tracker at the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider) results. The multiparticle
correlation as proposed by the PHENIX Collaboration can, in
principle, be used to disentangle the different
contributions, however, in practice, is affected
substantially by the procedure to subtract trivial resonance
decay contributions. © 2011 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.83.014916},
Key = {fds245299}
}
@booklet{Winckelmann96,
Author = {Winckelmann, LA and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Dumitru, A and Ernst, C and Gerland, L and Konopka, J and Soff, S and Spieles, C and Weber, H and Hartnack, C and Aichelin, J and Amelin, N and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Microscopic calculations of stopping, flow and
electromagnetic radiation from 160AMeV to
160AGeV},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {610},
Pages = {116-123},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(96)00347-8},
Abstract = {The behavior of hadronic matter at high baryon densities is
studied within Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics
(UQMD). Baryonic stopping is observed for Au+Au collisions
from SIS up to SPS energies. The excitation function of flow
shows strong sensitivities to the underlying equation of
state (EOS), allowing for systematic studies of the EOS.
Effects of a density dependent pole of the ρ-meson
propagator on dilepton spectra are studied for different
systems and centralities at CERN energies.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0375-9474(96)00347-8},
Key = {Winckelmann96}
}
@article{fds245354,
Author = {Bass, SA and Belkacem, M and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Bravina, L and Ernst, C and Gerland, L and Hofmann, M and Hofmann, S and Konopka, J and Mao, G and Neise, L and Soff, S and Spieles, C and Weber, H and Winckelmann, LA and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W and Hartnack, C and Aichelin, J and Amelin, N},
Title = {Microscopic Models for Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion
Collisions},
Journal = {Prog. Part. & Nucl. Phys.},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {225-370},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9803035},
Abstract = {In this paper, the concepts of microscopic transport theory
are introduced and the features and shortcomings of the most
commonly used ansatzes are discussed. In particular, the
Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD)
transport model is described in great detail. Based on the
same principles as QMD and RQMD, it incorporates a vastly
extended collision term with full baryon-antibaryon
symmetry, 55 baryon and 32 meson species. Isospin is
explicitly treated for all hadrons. The range of
applicability stretches from $E_{lab} 200$ GeV/nucleon,
allowing for a consistent calculation of excitation
functions from the intermediate energy domain up to
ultrarelativistic energies. The main physics topics under
discussion are stopping, particle production and collective
flow.},
Key = {fds245354}
}
@article{fds304517,
Author = {Bass, SA and Belkacem, M and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter, M and Bravina, L and Ernst, C and Gerland, L and Hofmann, M and Hofmann, S and Konopka, J and Mao, G and Neise, L and Soff, S and Spieles, C and Weber, H and Winckelmann, LA and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W and Hartnack, C and Aichelin, J and Amelin, N},
Title = {Microscopic Models for Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion
Collisions},
Journal = {Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {255-369},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0146-6410(98)00058-1},
Doi = {10.1016/s0146-6410(98)00058-1},
Key = {fds304517}
}
@article{fds245385,
Author = {Bass, SA},
Title = {Microscopic reaction dynamic at SPC and RHIC},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {698},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {164-170},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0104040},
Abstract = {The current status of transport theoretical models
applicable to the physics of the Relativistic Heavy-Ion
Collider is reviewed. The time evolution of microscopic
reaction dynamics - from early, hard, partonic rescattering
up to soft hadronic interactions close to freeze-out is
analyzed and key observables linked to the different
reaction stages are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0375-9474(01)01360-4},
Key = {fds245385}
}
@article{fds245216,
Author = {Cao, S and Qin, GY and Bass, SA},
Title = {Model and parameter dependence of heavy quark energy loss in
a hot and dense medium},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {40},
Number = {8},
Pages = {085103-085103},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2013},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1205.2396},
Abstract = {Within the framework of the Langevin equation, we study the
energy loss of heavy quarks due to quasi-elastic multiple
scatterings in a quark-gluon plasma created by relativistic
heavy-ion collisions. We investigate how the initial
configuration of the quark-gluon plasma as well as its
properties affect the final state spectra and elliptic flow
of D-mesons and non-photonic electrons. We find that both
the geometric anisotropy of the initial quark-gluon plasma
and the flow profiles of the hydrodynamic medium play
important roles in the heavy quark energy loss process and
the development of elliptic flow. The relative contribution
from charm and bottom quarks is found to affect the
transverse momentum dependence of the quenching and flow
patterns of heavy flavor decay electron; such influence
depends on the interaction strength between heavy quarks and
the medium. © 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/40/8/085103},
Key = {fds245216}
}
@article{fds349334,
Author = {Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, SA},
Title = {Modeling coherence effects of gluon emission for heavy
flavor studies},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {355},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Heavy quarks with large transverse momenta lose energy
mainly through radiative processes. However, a Monte-Carlo
implementation of gluon emission in an event-by-event
fluctuating medium background is a non-trivial task. This is
because the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect of the
medium-induced bremsstrahlung introduces coherence over long
distances that may be comparable to the typical expansion
time scale or even the size of the QGP fireball. We have
developed a new partonic transport model to implement the
LPM effect approximately. The simulated in-medium
bremsstrahlung spectra quantitatively agree with leading
order theory calculations in a static medium and also
display expected reduction in an expanding medium.
Integrating the transport model into a multistage
heavy-flavor dynamical model for heavy-ion collisions, we
extract the heavy-quark transport coefficient by comparing
to open heavy-flavor measurements at the
LHC.},
Key = {fds349334}
}
@article{fds376646,
Author = {Spieles, C and Vogt, R and Gerland, L and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Modeling J/ψ production and absorption in a microscopic
nonequilibrium approach},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {60},
Number = {5},
Pages = {549011-5490115},
Year = {1999},
Abstract = {Charmonium production and absorption in heavy ion collisions
is studied with the ultrarelativisitic quantum molecular
dynamics model. We compare the scenario of universal and
time-independent color-octet dissociation cross sections
with one of distinct color-singlet J/ψ, ψ′, and χc
states, evolving from small, color transparent
configurations to their asymptotic sizes. Both purely
hadronic scenarios are compared with the pA and AB data at
SPS energies. The predicted rapidity dependence of Jlψ
suppression can be used to discriminate between the two
scenarios experimentally. The importance of interactions
with secondary hadrons and the applicability of thermal
reaction kinetics to Jlψ absorption are investigated. We
discuss the effect of nuclear stopping and the role of
leading hadrons. The dependence of the ψ′/J/ψ ratio on
the model assumptions and the possible influence of
refeeding processes are also studied.},
Key = {fds376646}
}
@article{fds315779,
Author = {Cao, S and Qin, GY and Bass, SA},
Title = {Modeling of heavy-flavor pair correlations in Au-Au
collisions at 200A GeV at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion
Collider},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.92.054909},
Abstract = {We study the nuclear modification of angular and momentum
correlations between heavy quark pairs in ultrarelativistic
heavy-ion collisions. The evolution of heavy quarks inside
the thermalized medium is described via a modified Langevin
approach that incorporates both elastic and inelastic
interactions with the medium constituents. The spacetime
evolution of the fireball is obtained from a
(2+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamics simulation. The
hadronization of heavy quarks is performed by utilizing a
hybrid model of fragmentation and coalescence. Our results
show that the nuclear modification of the transverse
momentum imbalance of DD¯ pairs reflects the total energy
loss experienced by the heavy quarks and may help us probe
specific regions of the medium. The angular correlation of
heavy-flavor pairs, especially in the low- to
intermediate-transverse-momentum regime, is sensitive to the
detailed energy-loss mechanism of heavy quarks inside the
quark-gluon plasma.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.92.054909},
Key = {fds315779}
}
@article{fds245259,
Author = {Bass, SA and Nonaka, C},
Title = {Modeling of heavy-ion collisions at the relativistic
heavy-ion collider},
Journal = {International Journal of Modern Physics E},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {729-741},
Publisher = {World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0218-3013},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S021830130700623X},
Abstract = {In summary, we have introduced a hybrid macroscopic/microscopic
transport approach, combining a newly developed relativistic
3+1 dimensional hydrodynamic model for the early deconfined
stage of the reaction and the hadronization process with a
microscopic non-equilibrium model for the later hadronic
stage at which the hydrodynamic equilibrium assumptions are
not valid anymore. Within this approach we have
self-consistently calculated the freeze-out of the hadronic
system, accounting for the collective flow on the
hadronization hypersurface generated by the QGP expansion.
We have compared the results of our hybrid model and of a
calculation utilizing our hydrodynamic model for the full
evolution of the reaction to experimental data. This
comparison has allowed us to quantify the strength of
dissipative effects prevalent in the later hadronic phase of
the reaction, which cannot be properly treated in the
framework of ideal hydrodynamics. Overall, the improved
treatment of the hadronic phase provides a far better
agreement between transport calculation and data, in
particular concerning the flavor dependence of radial flow
observables and the collective behavior of matter at
forward/backward rapidities. We find that the hadronic phase
of the heavy-ion reaction at top RHIC energy is of
significant duration (at least 10 fm/c) and that hadronic
freeze-out is a continuous process, strongly depending on
hadron flavor and momenta. With this work we have
established a base-line - both for the regular 3+1
dimensional hydrodynamic model as well as for the hybrid
hydro+micro approach. In forthcoming publications we shall
expand on this baseline by investigating the effects of a
realistic lattice-QCD motivated equation of state containing
a tri-cricital point and by performing an analysis of two
particle correlations (HBT interferometry). We also plan to
use our model as the medium for the propagation of jets and
heavy quarks and to study the modification of our medium due
to the passage of these hard probes. © World Scientific
Publishing Company.},
Doi = {10.1142/S021830130700623X},
Key = {fds245259}
}
@article{fds245263,
Author = {Bass, SA},
Title = {Modeling of relativistic heavy-ion collisions with 3+1D
hydrodynamic and hybrid models},
Journal = {Acta Physica Polonica B},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {951-961},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0587-4254},
Abstract = {The current status of the modeling of relativistic heavy-ion
collisions with 3+1D hydrodynamic and hybrid models is
reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed in the use of
hydrodynamics as a "standard medium", enabling the
calculation of rare probe - medium interactions in a way
consistent with the bulk evolution of the
medium.},
Key = {fds245263}
}
@article{fds245370,
Author = {Spieles, C and Vogt, R and Gerland, L and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Modeling [Formula Presented] production and absorption in a
microscopic nonequilibrium approach},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {60},
Number = {5},
Pages = {15},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000083768600057&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Charmonium production and absorption in heavy ion collisions
is studied with the ultrarelativisitic quantum molecular
dynamics model. We compare the scenario of universal and
time-independent color-octet dissociation cross sections
with one of distinct color-singlet [Formula Presented], and
[Formula Presented] states, evolving from small, color
transparent configurations to their asymptotic sizes. Both
purely hadronic scenarios are compared with the [Formula
Presented] and [Formula Presented] data at SPS energies. The
predicted rapidity dependence of [Formula Presented]
suppression can be used to discriminate between the two
scenarios experimentally. The importance of interactions
with secondary hadrons and the applicability of thermal
reaction kinetics to [Formula Presented] absorption are
investigated. We discuss the effect of nuclear stopping and
the role of leading hadrons. The dependence of the [Formula
Presented] ratio on the model assumptions and the possible
influence of refeeding processes are also studied. © 1999
The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.60.054901},
Key = {fds245370}
}
@article{fds245351,
Author = {Hartnack, C and Puri, RK and Aichelin, J and Konopka, J and Bass, SA and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Modelling the many-body dynamics of heavy ion collisions:
Present status and future perspective},
Journal = {European Physical Journal A},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {151-169},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9811015},
Abstract = {Basic problems of the semiclassical microscopic modelling of
strongly interacting systems are discussed within the
framework of Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD). This model
allows to study the influence of several types of nucleonic
interactions on a large variety of observables and phenomena
occurring in heavy ion collisions at relativistic energies.
It is shown that the same predictions can be obtained with
several - numerically completely different and independently
written - programs as far as the same model parameters are
employed and the same basic approximations are made. Many
observables are robust against variations of the details of
the model assumptions used. Some of the physical results,
however, depend also on rather technical parameters like the
preparation of the initial configuration in phase space.
This crucial problem is connected with the description of
the ground state of single nuclei, which differs among the
various approaches. An outlook to an improved molecular
dynamics scheme for heavy ion collisions is
given.},
Doi = {10.1007/s100500050045},
Key = {fds245351}
}
@article{fds348063,
Author = {Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, SA},
Title = {Modified Boltzmann approach for modeling the splitting
vertices induced by the hot QCD medium in the deep
Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal region},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {100},
Number = {6},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.100.064911},
Abstract = {Hard probes produced in perturbative processes are excellent
probes for the study of the hot and dense QCD matter created
in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Transport theory,
allowing for coupling to an evolving medium with fluctuating
initial conditions, has become a powerful tool in this
endeavor. However, the implementation of the
Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect for medium-induced
parton bremsstrahlung and pair production poses a challenge
to semiclassical transport models based on Boltzmann-type
transport equations. In this work, we investigate a possible
solution to approximate the LPM effect in a "modified
Boltzmann transport" approach, including a prescription for
the running coupling constant. By fixing a numerical
parameter, this approach quantitatively reproduces the rates
of medium-induced parton splitting predicted by the
next-to-leading-log solution of the Arnold-Moore-Yaffe
equation, which is valid in the deep-LPM regime of an
infinite medium. We also find qualitative agreement of our
implementation with calculations in a finite and expanding
medium, but future improvements are necessary for added
precision at small path length. This work benefits transport
model-based studies and the usage of these models in the
phenomenological extraction of the jet transport
coefficient.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.100.064911},
Key = {fds348063}
}
@article{fds353954,
Author = {Vujanovic, G and Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner,
H and Everett, D and Fan, W and Fries, R and Gale, C and He, Y and Heffernan,
M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kauder, K and Ke,
W and Khalaj, E and II, MK and Kumar, A and Luo, T and Luzum, M and Majumder,
A and McNelis, M and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pablos, D and Pang, LG and Park, C and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Tachibana, Y and Wang, X-N and Wolpert,
RL and Xu, Y and Yang, Z},
Title = {Multi-stage evolution of heavy quarks in the quark-gluon
plasma},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {The interaction of heavy flavor with the quark-gluon plasma
(QGP) in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is studied using
JETSCAPE, a publicly available software package containing a
framework for Monte Carlo event generators. Multi-stage (and
multi-model) evolution of heavy quarks within JETSCAPE
provides a cohesive description of heavy flavor quenching
inside the QGP. As the parton shower develops, a model
becomes active as soon as its kinematic region of validity
is reached. Two combinations of heavy-flavor energy-loss
models are explored within a realistic QGP medium, using
parameters which were tuned to describe {\it light-flavor}
partonic energy-loss.},
Key = {fds353954}
}
@article{fds353958,
Author = {Park, C and Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Elfner, H and Everett, D and Fan, W and Fries, R and Gale, C and He, Y and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kauder, K and Ke, W and Khalaj, E and II, MK and Kumar, A and Luo,
T and Majumder, A and McNelis, M and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pablos, D and Pang, LG and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Tachibana, Y and Vujanovic, G and Wang, X-N and Wolpert, RL and Xu, Y and Yang, Z},
Title = {Multi-stage jet evolution through QGP using the JETSCAPE
framework: inclusive jets, correlations and leading
hadrons},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {The JETSCAPE Collaboration has recently announced the first
release of the JETSCAPE package that provides a modular,
flexible, and extensible Monte Carlo event generator. This
innovative framework makes it possible to perform a
comprehensive study of multi-stage high-energy jet evolution
in the Quark-Gluon Plasma. In this work, we illustrate the
performance of the event generator for different algorithmic
approaches to jet energy loss, and reproduce the
measurements of several jet and hadron observables as well
as correlations between the hard and soft sector. We also
carry out direct comparisons between different approaches to
energy loss to study their sensitivity to those
observables.},
Key = {fds353958}
}
@article{fds325389,
Author = {Auvinen, J and Redlich, K and Bass, SA},
Title = {Multi-strange hadrons and the precision extraction of QGP
properties in the RHIC-BES domain},
Journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
Volume = {779},
Number = {1},
Pages = {012045-012045},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/779/1/012045},
Abstract = {We systematically compare an event-by-event
transport+viscous hydrodynamics hybrid model to data from
the RHIC beam energy scan using a general Bayesian method.
We demonstrate how the inclusion of multistrange hadron
observables affects the outcome of the Bayesian analysis and
conduct an in depth analysis of the viability of φ and ω
as probes of the transition region between a deconfined
quark-gluon plasma and hadronic phase in heavy ion
collisions at higher-end RHIC collision energies. Utilizing
UrQMD to model the final hadronic interactions, we examine
the collision rates of φ and ω and the modification to
their transverse momentum spectra due to these
interactions.},
Doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/779/1/012045},
Key = {fds325389}
}
@article{fds353977,
Author = {Everett, D and Ke, W and Paquet, J-F and Vujanovic, G and Bass, SA and Du,
L and Gale, C and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Liyanage, D and Luzum, M and Majumder, A and McNelis, M and Shen, C and Xu, Y and Angerami, A and Cao,
S and Chen, Y and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Fan, W and Fries, RJ and Garza, F and He, Y and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kim, B and II, MK and Kumar, A and Mak, S and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Park, C and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Silva,
A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Tachibana, Y and Wang, X-N and Wolpert, RL},
Title = {Multi-system Bayesian constraints on the transport
coefficients of QCD matter},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {We study the properties of the strongly-coupled quark-gluon
plasma with a multistage model of heavy ion collisions that
combines the T$_\mathrm{R}$ENTo initial condition ansatz,
free-streaming, viscous relativistic hydrodynamics, and a
relativistic hadronic transport. A model-to-data comparison
with Bayesian inference is performed, revisiting assumptions
made in previous studies. The role of parameter priors is
studied in light of their importance towards the
interpretation of results. We emphasize the use of closure
tests to perform extensive validation of the analysis
workflow before comparison with observations. Our study
combines measurements from the Large Hadron Collider and the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, achieving a good
simultaneous description of a wide range of hadronic
observables from both colliders. The selected experimental
data provide reasonable constraints on the shear and the
bulk viscosities of the quark-gluon plasma at $T\sim$
150-250 MeV, but their constraining power degrades at higher
temperatures $T \gtrsim 250$ MeV. Furthermore, these
viscosity constraints are found to depend significantly on
how viscous corrections are handled in the transition from
hydrodynamics to the hadronic transport. Several other model
parameters, including the free-streaming time, show similar
model sensitivity while the initial condition parameters
associated with the T$_\mathrm{R}$ENTo ansatz are quite
robust against variations of the particlization
prescription. We also report on the sensitivity of
individual observables to the various model parameters.
Finally, Bayesian model selection is used to quantitatively
compare the agreement with measurements for different sets
of model assumptions, including different particlization
models and different choices for which parameters are
allowed to vary between RHIC and LHC energies.},
Key = {fds353977}
}
@article{fds371393,
Author = {Fan, W and Vujanovic, G and Bass, SA and Majumder, A and Angerami, A and Arora, R and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner,
H and Fries, RJ and Gale, C and He, Y and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak,
BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Ji, Y and Kauder, K and Kasper, L and Ke, W and Kelsey, M and Kordell, M and Kumar, A and Latessa, J and Lee, YJ and Liyanage, D and Lopez, A and Luzum, M and Mak, S and Mankolli, A and Martin, C and Mehryar, H and Mengel, T and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Paquet, JF and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Sengupta, A and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soeder, D and Soltz, RA and Soudi, I and Staudenmaier,
J and Strickland, M and Tachibana, Y and Velkovska, J and Wang, XN and Wolpert, RL and Zhao, W},
Title = {Multiscale evolution of charmed particles in a nuclear
medium},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {107},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054901},
Abstract = {Parton energy-momentum exchange with the quark gluon plasma
(QGP) is a multiscale problem. In this work, we calculate
the interaction of charm quarks with the QGP within the
higher twist formalism at high virtuality and high energy
using the Modular All Twist Transverse-scattering
Elastic-drag and Radiation (MATTER) model, while the
low-virtuality and high-energy portion is treated via a
linearized Boltzmann transport formalism. Coherence effect
that reduces the medium-induced emission rate in the MATTER
model is also taken into account through a
virtuality-dependent q, leaving the simultaneous dependence
of q on heavy quark mass and virtuality for future studies.
The interplay between these two formalisms is studied
phenomenologically and used to produce a first description
of the D-meson and charged hadron nuclear modification
factor RAA across multiple centralities. All calculations
were carried out utilizing the Jet Energy-loss Tomography
with a Statistically and Computationally Advanced Program
Envelope framework.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054901},
Key = {fds371393}
}
@article{fds328952,
Author = {Cao, S and Park, C and Barbieri, RA and Bass, SA and Bazow, D and Bernhard,
J and Coleman, J and Fries, R and Gale, C and He, Y and Heinz, U and Jacak,
BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kordell, M and Kumar, A and Luo, T and Majumder, A and Nejahi, Y and Pablos, D and Pang, LG and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Rose, S and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Velicanu, D and Vujanovic, G and Wang,
XN and Wolpert, RL},
Title = {Multistage Monte Carlo simulation of jet modification in a
static medium},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {96},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.024909},
Abstract = {The modification of hard jets in an extended static medium
held at a fixed temperature is studied using three different
Monte Carlo event generators: linear Boltzmann transport
(LBT), modular all twist transverse-scattering elastic-drag
and radiation (MATTER), and modular algorithm for
relativistic treatment of heavy-ion interactions (MARTINI).
Each event generator contains a different set of assumptions
regarding the energy and virtuality of the partons within a
jet versus the energy scale of the medium and, hence,
applies to a different epoch in the space-time history of
the jet evolution. Here modeling is developed where a jet
may sequentially transition from one generator to the next,
on a parton-by-parton level, providing a detailed simulation
of the space-time evolution of medium modified jets over a
much broader dynamic range than has been attempted
previously in a single calculation. Comparisons are carried
out for different observables sensitive to jet quenching,
including the parton fragmentation function and the
azimuthal distribution of jet energy around the jet axis.
The effect of varying the boundary between different
generators is studied and a theoretically motivated
criterion for the location of this boundary is proposed. The
importance of such an approach with coupled generators to
the modeling of jet quenching is discussed.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.96.024909},
Key = {fds328952}
}
@article{fds245348,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Net baryon density in Au + Au collisions at the relativistic
heavy ion collider},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {91},
Number = {5},
Pages = {523021-523024},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12906590},
Abstract = {The net-baryon multiplicity density distributions in Au + Au
collisions were calculated at 130 and 200 GeV center-of-mass
energy per nucleon pair. The parton cascade model predicted
a net-baryon excess at midrapidity in Au + Au collisions,
which was in agreement with measured values. The transport
of partons to midrapidity, caused by rescattering among
partons, was found to increase the net-baryon number
density.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.91.052302},
Key = {fds245348}
}
@booklet{Bass94b,
Author = {Bass, SA and Bischoff, A and Hartnack, C and Maruhn, JA and Reinhardt,
J and Stocker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Neural networks for impact parameter determination},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {L21-L26},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {1994},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/20/1/004},
Abstract = {Accurate impact parameter determination in a heavy-ion
collision is crucial for almost all further analysis. We
investigate the capabilities of an artificial neural network
in that respect. First results show that the neural network
is capable of improving the accuracy of the impact parameter
determination based on observables such as the flow angle,
the average directed inplane transverse momentum and the
difference between transverse and longitudinal momenta.
However, further investigations are necessary to discover
the full potential of the neural network
approach.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/20/1/004},
Key = {Bass94b}
}
@booklet{Bass96,
Author = {Bass, SA and Bischoff, A and Maruhn, JA and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Neural networks for impact parameter determination.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {53},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2358-2363},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.53.2358},
Abstract = {An accurate impact parameter determination in a heavy ion
collision is crucial for almost all further analysis. The
capabilities of an artificial neural network are
investigated in that respect. A novel input generation for
the network is proposed, namely, the transverse and
longitudinal momentum distributions of all outgoing (or
actually detectable) particles. The neural network approach
yields an improvement in performance of a factor of 2 as
compared to classical techniques. To achieve this
improvement simple network architectures and a 5×5 input
grid in (pt,pz) space are sufficient.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.53.2358},
Key = {Bass96}
}
@article{fds373870,
Author = {Oliva, L and Fan, W and Moreau, P and Bass, SA and Bratkovskaya,
E},
Title = {Non-equilibrium Dynamics and Collectivity in
Ultra-relativistic Proton–Nucleus Collisions},
Journal = {Acta Physica Polonica B Proceedings Supplement},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-1},
Publisher = {Jagiellonian University},
Year = {2023},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5506/aphyspolbsupp.16.1-a68},
Doi = {10.5506/aphyspolbsupp.16.1-a68},
Key = {fds373870}
}
@article{fds367335,
Author = {Oliva, L and Fan, W and Moreau, P and Bass, SA and Bratkovskaya,
E},
Title = {Nonequilibrium effects and transverse spherocity in
ultrarelativistic proton-nucleus collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {106},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.106.044910},
Abstract = {We investigate the effects of nonequilibrium dynamics in
small colliding systems by comparing a nonequilibrium
transport approach, Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD),
with a (2+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model,
VISHNew. Focusing on p+Pb collisions at energies available
at the Large Hadron Collider, we extract the initial
conditions for the hydrodynamic model from PHSD, in order to
reduce the impact of the early out-of-equilibrium dynamics
and focus on the traces of nonequilibrium in the ensuing
medium evolution. We find that in the transport approach
quantities like energy density and bulk viscous pressure are
highly inhomogeneous on the transverse plane during the
whole evolution, whereas the hydrodynamic simulations
dissolve more efficiently the initial spatial
irregularities, still keeping a high degree of inhomogeneity
due to the smaller size and lifetime of the medium produced
in p+Pb collisions with respect to heavy-ion reactions. As a
first step that will help to identify the impact of these
nonequilibrium effects on final observables in
proton-nucleus collisions, we perform an analysis of the
transverse spherocity, an event-shape observable able to
distinguish between jetty and isotropic configurations of
transverse momenta. We found that the spherocity
distribution in PHSD is slightly shifted towards the
isotropic limit with respect to the hydrodynamic result.
Even though this dissimilarity is partially due to the
difference in the final charged particle production, it
mainly comes from the different description within the two
frameworks of the medium produced in small colliding
systems. This finding supports the idea that
multidifferential measurements, such as those based on event
categorization according to multiplicity and spherocity, are
useful to study final-state observables in ultrarelativistic
proton-nucleus collisions.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.106.044910},
Key = {fds367335}
}
@article{fds304518,
Author = {Dumitru, A and Bleicher, M and Bass, SA and Spieles, C and Neise, L and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Nonthermal direct photons in Pb+Pb at [Formula Presented]
GeV from microscopic transport theory},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {57},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3271-3275},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.57.3271},
Abstract = {Direct photon production in central Pb+Pb collisions at
CERN-SPS energy is calculated within the ultrarelativistic
quantum molecular dynamics model (UrQMD), and within
distinctly different versions of relativistic hydrodynamics.
We find that in UrQMD the local momentum distributions of
the secondaries are strongly elongated along the beam axis
initially. Therefore, the pre-equilibrium contribution
dominates the photon spectrum at transverse momenta above
[Formula Presented] GeV. The hydrodynamics prediction of a
strong correlation between the temperature and radial
expansion velocities on the one hand, and the slope of the
transverse momentum distribution of direct photons on the
other hand thus is not recovered in UrQMD. The rapidity
distribution of direct photons in UrQMD reveals that the
initial conditions for the longitudinal expansion of the
photon source (the meson “fluid”) resemble boost
invariance rather than Landau-like flow. © 1998 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.57.3271},
Key = {fds304518}
}
@booklet{Bass95b,
Author = {Bass, SA and Hartnack, C and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Nucleon and baryon densities in heavy ion collisions at 1
GeV/nucl},
Journal = {Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei},
Volume = {351},
Number = {4},
Pages = {359-360},
Publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc},
Year = {1995},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0939-7922},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01291138},
Abstract = {The baryon density calculated at the collision center in
relativistic heavy ion collisions is not representative for
the density really probed by baryons in the high density
collision phase. A decomposition into nucleon- and
Δ-resonance densities yields average values of 1.25 ρN/ρo
and 0.25 ρΔ/ρ0 at the time of maximum compression. ©
1995 Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01291138},
Key = {Bass95b}
}
@booklet{Bass93,
Author = {Bass, SA and Hartnack, C and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Out-of-plane pion emission in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions: Spectroscopy of Delta resonance
matter.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {71},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1144-1147},
Year = {1993},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.71.1144},
Abstract = {Azimuthal correlations of pions are studied with the quantum
molecular dynamics model. Pions are preferentially emitted
perpendicular to the reaction plane. Our analysis shows that
this anisotropy is dominated by pion absorption on the
spectator matter in the reaction plane. Pions emitted
perpendicular to the reaction plane undergo less
rescattering than those emitted in the reaction plane and
might therefore be more sensitive to the early hot and dense
reaction phase.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.71.1144},
Key = {Bass93}
}
@article{fds245388,
Author = {Bleicher, M and Liu, FM and Keränen, A and Aichelin, J and Bass, SA and Becattini, F and Redlich, K and Werner, K},
Title = {Overpopulation of Omega; in pp collisions: a way to
distinguish statistical hadronization from string
dynamics.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {88},
Number = {20},
Pages = {202501},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000175466200007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The Omega/Omega ratio originating from string decays is
predicted to be larger than unity in proton-proton
interactions at SPS energies ( E(lab) = 160 GeV). The
antiomega dominance increases with decreasing beam energy.
This surprising behavior is caused by the combinatorics of
quark-antiquark production in small and low-mass strings.
Since this behavior is not found in a statistical
description of hadron production in proton-proton
collisions, it may serve as a key observable to probe the
hadronization mechanism in such collisions.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.88.202501},
Key = {fds245388}
}
@article{fds337150,
Author = {Auvinen, J and Karpenko, I and Bernhard, JE and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Parameter extractions for RHIC BES using Bayesian
statistics},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {2017-August},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We present the latest results on the collision energy
dependence of ?/s, obtained from a Bayesian model-to-data
analysis of UrQMD + viscous hydrodynamics hybrid model to
RHIC beam energy scan data for Au+Au collisions at 19.6, 39
and 62.4 GeV. Changes in the most likely value of ?/s over
beam energy scan range suggest a dependence on baryon
chemical potential µB. However, we also find the
uncertainties regarding the value of ?/s to be notable at
sNN = 19.6 GeV.},
Key = {fds337150}
}
@article{fds245349,
Author = {Soff, S and Bass, SA and Hardtke, DH and Panitkin,
SY},
Title = {Particle correlations at RHIC - Scrutiny of a
puzzle},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {715},
Pages = {801c-804c},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0209055},
Abstract = {We present calculations of two-pion and two-kaon correlation
functions in relativistic heavy ion collisions from a
relativistic transport model that includes explicitly a
first-order phase transition from a thermalized quark-gluon
plasma to a hadron gas. We compare the obtained correlation
radii with recent data from RHIC. The predicted R_side radii
agree with data while the R_out and R_long radii are
overestimated. We also address the impact of in-medium
modifications, for example, a broadening of the rho-meson,
on the correlation radii. In particular, the longitudinal
correlation radius R_long is reduced, improving the
comparison to data.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(02)01492-6},
Key = {fds245349}
}
@article{fds353976,
Author = {Dai, T and Paquet, J-F and Teaney, D and Bass, SA},
Title = {Parton energy loss in a hard-soft factorized
approach},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {An energetic parton travelling through a quark-gluon plasma
loses energy via occasional hard scatterings and frequent
softer interactions. Whether or not these interactions admit
a perturbative description, the effect of the soft
interactions can be factorized and encoded in a small number
of transport coefficients. In this work, we present a
hard-soft factorized parton energy loss model which combines
a stochastic description of soft interactions and rate-based
modelling of hard scatterings. We introduce a scale to
estimate the regime of validity of the stochastic
description, allowing for a better understanding of the
model's applicability at small and large coupling. We study
the energy and fermion-number cascade of energetic partons
as an application of the model.},
Key = {fds353976}
}
@article{fds362926,
Author = {Dai, T and Paquet, JF and Teaney, D and Bass, SA},
Title = {Parton energy loss in a hard-soft factorized
approach},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {105},
Number = {3},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.105.034905},
Abstract = {An energetic parton traveling through a quark-gluon plasma
loses energy via occasional hard scatterings and frequent
softer interactions. Whether or not these interactions admit
a perturbative description, the effect of the soft
interactions can be factorized and encoded in a small number
of transport coefficients. In this work, we present the
numerical implementation of a hard-soft factorized parton
energy loss model which combines a stochastic description of
soft interactions and rate-based modeling of hard
scatterings. We introduce a scale to estimate the regime of
validity of the stochastic description, allowing for a
better understanding of the model's applicability at small
and large coupling. We study the energy and fermion-number
cascade of energetic partons as an application of the
model.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.105.034905},
Key = {fds362926}
}
@article{fds346594,
Author = {Dai, T and Bass, SA and Paquet, JF and Teaney, D},
Title = {Parton energy loss in the reformulated weakly-coupled
kinetic approach},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {345},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Interactions between hard partons and the quark-gluon plasma
range from frequent soft interactions to rare hard
scatterings. The larger number of soft interactions makes
possible an effective stochastic description of
parton-plasma interactions in terms of drag and diffusion
transport coefficients. In this work, we present a numerical
implementation that builds upon this systematic division
between soft and hard parton-plasma interactions. We study
the dependence of the single parton distribution on the
cutoff between soft and hard parton-plasma interactions,
both for small and phenomenological values of the strong
coupling constant.},
Key = {fds346594}
}
@article{fds245243,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Parton rescattering and colour screening in Au+Au collisions
at RHIC},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {715},
Pages = {813c-816c},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(02)01501-4},
Abstract = {We study the microscopic dynamics of quarks and gluons in
relativistic heavy ion collisions in the framework of the
Parton Cascade Model. We use lowest order perturbative QCD
cross sections with fixed lower momentum cutoff p Tmin. We
calculate the time evolution of the Debye-screening mass μD
for Au+Au collisions at √s = 200 GeV per nucleon pair. We
also determine the energy density reached through hard and
semi-hard processes at RHIC and analyze the extent of
perturbative rescattering among partons. © 2003 Elsevier
Science E.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(02)01501-4},
Key = {fds245243}
}
@article{fds245350,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Parton rescattering and screening in Au + Au collisions at
RHIC},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {551},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {277-283},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0207042},
Abstract = {We study the microscopic dynamics of quarks and gluons in
relativistic heavy ion collisions in the framework of the
Parton Cascade Model. We use lowest order perturbative QCD
cross sections with fixed lower momentum cutoff PTmin. We
calculate the time-evolution of the Debye-screening mass μD
for Au + Au collisions at √s = 200 GeV per nucleon pair.
The screening mass is used to determine a lower limit for
the allowed range of PTmin. We also determine the energy
density reached through hard and semi-hard processes at
RHIC, obtain a lower bound for the rapidity density of
charged hadrons produced by semi-hard interactions, and
analyze the extent of perturbative rescattering among
partons. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03068-X},
Key = {fds245350}
}
@article{fds245331,
Author = {Chang, DY and Bass, SA and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Perturbative dynamics of strangeness production at
RHIC},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {6},
Pages = {S1005-S1010},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/31/6/047},
Abstract = {Strange quark production in Au-Au collisions at RHIC is
studied in the framework of the parton cascade model (PCM).
The yields of (anti-) strange quarks for three production
scenarios - primary-primary scattering full scattering and
full production - are compared to a proton-proton baseline.
Enhancement of strange quark yields in central Au-Au
collisions compared to scaled p-p collisions increases with
the number of secondary interactions. The centrality
dependence of strangeness production for the three
production scenarios is studied as well. For all production
mechanisms, the strangeness yield increases with (Npart)4/3.
The perturbative QCD regime described by the PCM is able to
account for up to 50% of the observed strangeness at RHIC.
© 2005 IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/31/6/047},
Key = {fds245331}
}
@article{fds353978,
Author = {Everett, D and Ke, W and Paquet, J-F and Vujanovic, G and Bass, SA and Du,
L and Gale, C and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Liyanage, D and Luzum, M and Majumder, A and McNelis, M and Shen, C and Xu, Y and Angerami, A and Cao,
S and Chen, Y and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Fan, W and Fries, RJ and Garza, F and He, Y and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kim, B and II, MK and Kumar, A and Mak, S and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Park, C and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Silva,
A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Tachibana, Y and Wang, X-N and Wolpert, RL},
Title = {Phenomenological constraints on the transport properties of
QCD matter with data-driven model averaging},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Using combined data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion and
Large Hadron Colliders, we constrain the shear and bulk
viscosities of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at temperatures of
${\sim\,}150{-}350$ MeV. We use Bayesian inference to
translate experimental and theoretical uncertainties into
probabilistic constraints for the viscosities. With Bayesian
Model Averaging we account for the irreducible model
ambiguities in the transition from a fluid description of
the QGP to hadronic transport in the final evolution stage,
providing the most reliable phenomenological constraints to
date on the QGP viscosities.},
Key = {fds353978}
}
@article{fds245344,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Photon interferometry of Au+Au collisions at the BNL
Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {93},
Number = {16},
Pages = {162301},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15524982},
Abstract = {We calculate the two-body correlation function of direct
photons produced in central Au+Au collisions at the
Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. Our calculation includes
contributions from the early preequilibrium phase in which
photons are produced via hard parton scatterings as well as
radiation of photons from a thermalized quark-gluon plasma
and the subsequent expanding hadron gas. We find that high
energy photon interferometry provides a faithful probe of
the details of the space-time evolution and of the early
reaction stages of the system.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.93.162301},
Key = {fds245344}
}
@article{fds245316,
Author = {Bass, SA and Renk, T and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Photon Production in the Parton Cascade Model},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {783},
Number = {1-4 SPEC. ISS.},
Pages = {367-378},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2006.11.029},
Abstract = {We calculate the production of high energy photons from
Compton and annihilation processes as well as fragmentation
off quarks in the Parton Cascade Model. The multiple
scattering of partons is seen to lead to substantial
production of high energy photons, which rises further when
parton multiplication due to final state radiation is
included. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2006.11.029},
Key = {fds245316}
}
@article{fds303612,
Author = {Scherer, S and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Brachmann, J and Dumitru, A and Ernst, C and Gerland, L and Hammon, N and Hofmann, M and Konopka, J and Neise, L and Reiter, M and Schramm, S and Soff, S and Spieles, C and Weber,
H and Zschiesche, D and Maruhn, JA and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Physics opportunities at RHIC and LHC},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Publisher = {American Institute of Physics},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9903392v1},
Abstract = {Nonequilibrium models (three-fluid hydrodynamics, UrQMD, and
quark molecular dynamics) are used to discuss the uniqueness
of often proposed experimental signatures for quark matter
formation in relativistic heavy ion collisions from the SPS
via RHIC to LHC. It is demonstrated that these models --
although they do treat the most interesting early phase of
the collisions quite differently (thermalizing QGP vs.
coherent color fields with virtual particles) -- all yield a
reasonable agreement with a large variety of the available
heavy ion data. Hadron/hyperon yields, including $J/\Psi$
meson production/suppression, strange matter formation,
dileptons, and directed flow (bounce-off and squeeze-out)
are investigated. Observations of interesting phenomena in
dense matter are reported. However, we emphasize the need
for systematic future measurements to search for
simultaneous irregularities in the excitation functions of
several observables in order to come close to pinning the
properties of hot, dense QCD matter from data. The role of
future experiments with the STAR and ALICE detectors is
pointed out.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.59576},
Key = {fds303612}
}
@booklet{Bass95c,
Author = {Bass, SA and Hartnack, C and Stocker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Pi-n correlations probe the nuclear-equation of state in
relativistic heavy-ion collisions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {R12-R16},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.51.r12},
Abstract = {We investigate the sensitivity of pionic bounce-off and
squeeze-out on the density and momentum dependence of the
real part of the nucleon optical potential. For the in-plane
pion bounce-off we find a strong sensitivity on both the
density and momentum dependence whereas the out-of-plane
pion squeeze-out shows a strong sensitivity only towards the
momentum dependence but little sensitivity towards the
density dependence. We observe strong differences between
calculations including the nucleon optical potential and
CASCADE calculations. The question of validity of the
CASCADE approach in relativistic heavy-ion collisions can be
resolved experimentally on the basis of the predicted pion
nucleon correlations. © 1995 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.51.r12},
Key = {Bass95c}
}
@article{fds245383,
Author = {Soff, S and Bass, SA and Dumitru, A},
Title = {Pion interferometry at RHIC: porobing a thermalized
quark-gluon plasma?},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {86},
Number = {18},
Pages = {3981-3984},
Year = {2001},
Month = {April},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0012085},
Abstract = {We calculate the Gaussian radius parameters of the
pion-emitting source in high-energy heavy-ion collisions,
assuming a first-order phase transition from a thermalized
quark-gluon plasma (QGP) to a gas of hadrons. Such a model
leads to a very long-lived dissipative hadronic rescattering
phase which dominates the properties of the two-pion
correlation functions. The radii are found to depend only
weakly on the thermalization time tau(i), the critical
temperature Tc (and thus the latent heat), and the specific
entropy of the QGP. The model calculations suggest a rapid
increase of R(out)/R(side) as a function of KT if a
thermalized QGP were formed.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.86.3981},
Key = {fds245383}
}
@article{fds245333,
Author = {Nonaka, C and uuml, M and ller, B and Bass, SA and Asakawa,
M},
Title = {Possible resolution of the D-paradox},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {71},
Pages = {051901},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0501028},
Key = {fds245333}
}
@article{fds245252,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Müller, B and Bass, SA and Asakawa,
M},
Title = {Possible resolutions of the D-puzzle},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {71},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.71.051901},
Abstract = {We explore possible ways of explaining the net charge
event-by-event fluctuations in Au+Au collisions observed in
experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider within a
quark recombination model. We estimate the number of quarks
at recombination and their implications for the predicted
net charge fluctuations. We also discuss the consequences of
diquark and quark-antiquark clustering above the
deconfinement temperature. © 2005 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.71.051901},
Key = {fds245252}
}
@article{fds245224,
Author = {Antinori, F and Bass, SA and Bellwied, R and Ullrich, T and Velkovska,
J and Wiedemann, U},
Title = {Preface - Hot Quarks 2004},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE
PHYSICS},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {3 pages},
Publisher = {IOP PUBLISHING LTD},
Year = {2005},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000228842000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/000},
Key = {fds245224}
}
@article{fds245246,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Stephans, GSF and Ullrich,
T},
Title = {Preface: The 7th International Conference on Strangeness in
Quark Matter},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {i-ii},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds245246}
}
@article{fds318406,
Author = {Bass, SA and Dumitru, A and Danielewicz, P and Pratt,
S},
Title = {Probing hadronization with strangeness},
Journal = {NONEQUILIBRIUM AND NONLINEAR DYNAMICS IN NUCLEAR AND OTHER
FINITE SYSTEMS},
Volume = {597},
Pages = {54-63},
Publisher = {AMER INST PHYSICS},
Editor = {Li, ZX and Wu, K and Wu, X and Zhao, E and Sakata, F},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-7354-0041-5},
Key = {fds318406}
}
@article{fds245384,
Author = {Bass, SA and Danielewicz, P and Dumitru, A and Pratt,
S},
Title = {Probing hadronization with strangeness},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {635-644},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {0-7354-0041-5},
ISSN = {0094-243X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000174875600004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {A novel state of matter has been hypothesized to exist
during the early stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions,
with normal hadrons not appearing until several fin c-1
after the start of the reaction. Radial flow of
multi-strange baryons is shown to be a sensitive probe of
the expansion of the deconfined phase prior to
hadronization. Using a hybrid macroscopic/microscopic
transport model we show that if at hadronization the system
has been significantly out of chemical equilibrium, hadronic
rescattering cannot drive the system towards full chemical
equilibration. Furthermore, we suggest a novel
model-independent observable, balance functions, to evaluate
correlations between charges and their associated
anticharges It is shown that balance functions are extremely
sensitive to the time-scale of hadronization: late-stage
hadronization is characterized by tightly correlated
charge/anticharge pairs when measured as a function of
relative rapidity.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/27/3/348},
Key = {fds245384}
}
@article{fds245286,
Author = {Bass, SA and Petersen, H and Quammen, C and Canary, H and Healey, CG and Taylor, RM},
Title = {Probing the QCD critical point with relativistic heavy-ion
collisions},
Journal = {Central European Journal of Physics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1278-1281},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2012},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {1895-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000312142600013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We utilize an event-by-event relativistic hydrodynamic
calculation performed at a number of different incident beam
energies to investigate the creation of hot and dense QCD
matter near the critical point. Using state-of-the-art
analysis and visualization tools we demonstrate that each
collision event probes QCD matter characterized by a wide
range of temperatures and baryo-chemical potentials, making
a dynamical response of the system to the vicinity of the
critical point very difficult to isolate above the
background. © 2012 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag
Wien.},
Doi = {10.2478/s11534-012-0076-1},
Key = {fds245286}
}
@booklet{Bass94a,
Author = {Bass, SA and Hofmann, M and Hartnack, C and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Probing Δ resonance production in Au+Au collisions at 1
GeV/nucleon},
Journal = {Physics Letters B},
Volume = {335},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {289-294},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0370-2693},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(94)90352-2},
Abstract = {We investigate the possibility of creating a new form of
highly excited nuclear matter, Δ-matter, in heavy ion
collisions at 1 GeV/nucleon. Enough Δ-resonances are
produced to show collective effects. Maximum densities for
the resonances around 50% ground state density of nuclear
matter are reached. We propose two decisive experiments,
namely the resonance mass shift (nucleon-pion correlations)
and the Δ-flow, to investigate collective properties of the
Δ resonance in relativistic heavy ion collisions. ©
1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0370-2693(94)90352-2},
Key = {Bass94a}
}
@article{fds332349,
Author = {Srivastava, DK and Bass, SA and Chatterjee, R},
Title = {Production of charm quarks in a parton cascade model for
relativistic heavy ion collisions at s NN =200
GeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {96},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.064906},
Abstract = {We study the production and dynamics of heavy quarks in the
parton cascade model for relativistic heavy ion collisions.
The model is motivated by the QCD parton picture and
describes the dynamics of an ultrarelativistic heavy ion
collision in terms of cascading partons which undergo
scattering and multiplication while propagating. We focus on
the dynamics of charm quark production and evolution in p+p
and Au + Au collisions for several different interaction
scenarios, viz., collisions only between primary partons
without radiation of gluons, multiple collisions without
radiation of gluons, and multiple collisions with radiation
of gluons, allowing us to isolate the contributions of
parton rescattering and radiation to charm production. We
also discuss results of an eikonal approximation of the
collision which provides a valuable comparison with minijet
calculations and clearly brings out the importance of
multiple collisions.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.96.064906},
Key = {fds332349}
}
@article{fds245244,
Author = {Bass, SA},
Title = {QGP theory: Status and perspectives},
Journal = {Pramana - Journal of Physics},
Volume = {60},
Number = {4},
Pages = {593-612},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02705161},
Abstract = {The current status of quark gluon plasma theory was
reviewed. The ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions
offered a unique opportunity to probe highly excited dense
nuclear matter under controlled laboratory conditions. It
was found that the development of a transport theory based
on QCD treated both hard and soft processes
consistently.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02705161},
Key = {fds245244}
}
@article{fds357917,
Author = {Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, S},
Title = {Quantifying heavy quark transport coefficients with an
improved transport model},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {1005},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2020.122039},
Abstract = {The heavy-flavor transport coefficients contain important
information on the strong interaction at finite
temperatures. The extraction of these numbers from
experimental data requires dynamical modeling of
heavy-flavor transport that is coupled to realistic medium
evolution. Furthermore, meaningful extractions necessitate
both a faithful implementation of the physical inputs to be
tested and the quantification of model uncertainty. For
these purposes, we have developed a partonic transport model
LIDO [1, 2]. It has an improved treatment of in-medium
parton bremsstrahlung, which has been calibrated to
theoretical calculations in a simple medium to reduce
modeling uncertainty. Regarding the interaction between
heavy quark and the medium, few-body perturbative
scatterings are applied to large-momentum transfer (q)
processes, while a diffusion equation models the dynamics of
small-q processes. Such a separation restricts the explicit
use of medium quasi-particles to large-q processes only.
Another advantage is that deviations from the leading-order
probe-medium coupling can be parametrized as an additional
contribution to the diffusion constant. The heavy quark
transport coefficients are then extracted with uncertainty
estimation from a Bayesian analysis including both the RHIC
and the LHC data. The results are found to be consistent
with earlier extraction of the light-quark transport
coefficients at high momentum and be comparable with lattice
calculations of the heavy-flavor diffusion constant in the
static limit at low momentum.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2020.122039},
Key = {fds357917}
}
@article{fds245205,
Author = {Bernhard, JE and Marcy, PW and Coleman-Smith, CE and Huzurbazar, S and Wolpert, RL and Bass, SA},
Title = {Quantifying properties of hot and dense QCD matter through
systematic model-to-data comparison},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.054910},
Abstract = {We systematically compare an event-by-event heavy-ion
collision model to data from the CERN Large Hadron Collider.
Using a general Bayesian method, we probe multiple model
parameters including fundamental quark-gluon plasma
properties such as the specific shear viscosity η/s,
calibrate the model to optimally reproduce experimental
data, and extract quantitative constraints for all
parameters simultaneously. The method is universal and
easily extensible to other data and collision
models.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.91.054910},
Key = {fds245205}
}
@article{fds359516,
Author = {Dai, T and Bass, SA and Paquet, JF and Teaney, D},
Title = {Quantifying the light parton transport properties with jet
and hadron RAA},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {387},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Interactions between hard partons and the quark-gluon plasma
range from frequent soft interactions to rare hard
interactions. While it is reasonable that hard interactions
can be described perturbatively, soft interactions likely
have significant non-perturbative effects. The cumulative
effect of the soft interactions can be encoded into parton
transport coefficients, which can be constrained from heavy
ion measurements. In this work, we perform a simplified
proof of principle calculations showing that the magnitude
of the drag and diffusion of light partons can be
constrained from the hadronic and jet RAA, assuming a known
temperature dependence of the soft transport coefficients.
We show how this study can be implemented naturally in a
parton energy loss model that factorizes systematically soft
and hard partonic interactions. We use this proof of
principle calculation to understand how reducing
uncertainties on RAA can improve constraints on the parton's
transport coefficients. We also observe the complementarity
of jet and hadronic observables to constrain the light
parton transport coefficients.},
Key = {fds359516}
}
@article{fds362570,
Author = {Mueller, B and Yao, X and Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, S},
Title = {Quarkonium production in heavy ion collisions: coupled
Boltzmann transport equations},
Journal = {PoS - Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {HardProbes2018},
Pages = {157-157},
Publisher = {SISSA},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.345.0157},
Doi = {10.22323/1.345.0157},
Key = {fds362570}
}
@article{fds346593,
Author = {Yao, X and Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, S and Müller, B},
Title = {Quarkonium production in heavy ion collisions: Coupled
Boltzmann transport equations},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {345},
Publisher = {Sissa Medialab},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.345.0157},
Abstract = {By coupling the Boltzmann transport equations of both
quarkonium and open heavy quarks, we investigate their
dynamical evolution inside the quark-gluon plasma and study
quarkonium production in heavy ion collisions. The Boltzmann
transport equation of quarkonium is derived from the open
quantum system formalism and effective field theory of QCD
by assuming quarkonium interacts weakly with the plasma. The
dissociation and recombination terms in the Boltzmann
equation are calculated in potential nonrelativistic QCD. It
is shown that the combination of quarkonium dissociation,
recombination, open heavy quark diffusion and energy loss
can drive the system of quarkonium and open heavy quarks to
detailed balance and kinetic thermalization. By solving the
transport equations with initial momenta of quarkonia and
heavy quarks sampled from PYTHIA and a hydrodynamic medium,
we can calculate the nuclear modification factors of
bottomonium and describe the data at both RHIC and LHC
energies. The azimuthal angular anisotropy coefficient v2 of
ϒ(1S) in 5.02 TeV peripheral Pb-Pb collisions is also
predicted.},
Doi = {10.22323/1.345.0157},
Key = {fds346593}
}
@article{fds341425,
Author = {Yao, X and Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, S and Müller, B},
Title = {Quarkonium production in heavy ion collisions: coupled
Boltzmann transport equations},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {982},
Pages = {755-758},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2018.10.005},
Abstract = {We develop a set of coupled Boltzmann equations to describe
the dynamical evolution of heavy quarks and quarkonia inside
the quark-gluon plasma. The quarkonium dissociation and
recombination terms are calculated from pNRQCD. Their
interplay drives the system to a detailed balance. The heavy
quark energy loss term is necessary for the system to reach
kinematic thermalization. By coupling the transport
equations with initial particles' momenta generated by
Pythia and hydrodynamic medium evolutions, we can describe
the RAA of ϒ family at both RHIC and LHC energies. The
transverse momentum azimuthal anisotropy of ϒ(1S) in 2.76
TeV peripheral Pb-Pb collisions is also studied.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2018.10.005},
Key = {fds341425}
}
@article{fds353956,
Author = {Yao, X and Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, SA and Mehen, T and Müller,
B},
Title = {Quarkonium Production in Heavy Ion Collisions: From Open
Quantum System to Transport Equation},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {Using the open quantum system formalism and effective field
theory of QCD, we derive the Boltzmann transport equation of
quarkonium inside the quark-gluon plasma. Our derivation
illuminates that the success of transport equations in
quarkonium phenomenology is closely related to the
separation of scales in the problem.},
Key = {fds353956}
}
@article{fds245314,
Author = {Qin, GY and Ruppert, J and Turbide, S and Gale, C and Nonaka, C and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Radiative jet energy loss in a three-dimensional
hydrodynamical medium and high $p_T$ azimuthal asymmetry of
pi-zero suppression at mid and forward rapidity at
RHIC},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {76},
Number = {6},
Pages = {064907},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/0705.2575},
Abstract = {The nuclear modification factor RAA for π0 production in
Au+Au collisions at s=200A GeV is calculated and studied at
high transverse momenta pT. The soft thermalized nuclear
medium is described within the framework of relativistic
ideal three-dimensional hydrodynamics. The energy loss of
partonic jets is evaluated in the context of gluon
bremsstrahlung in the thermalized partonic matter. We
provide a systematic analysis of the azimuthal asymmetry of
Ï€0 suppression at high pT in central and noncentral
collisions at mid and forward rapidity. The determination of
RAA as a function of pT at different azimuthal angles and
different rapidities makes for a stringent test of our
theoretical understanding of jet energy loss over a variety
of in-medium path lengths, temperatures, and initial
partonic jet energies. This lays the groundwork for a
tomography of the nuclear medium. © 2007 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.76.064907},
Key = {fds245314}
}
@article{fds304513,
Author = {Qin, GY and Ruppert, J and Turbide, S and Gale, C and Nonaka, C and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Radiative jet energy loss in a three-dimensional
hydrodynamical medium and high pT azimuthal asymmetry of π0
suppression at mid and forward rapidity in Au+Au collisions
at sNN=200 GeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {76},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.76.064907},
Abstract = {The nuclear modification factor RAA for π0 production in
Au+Au collisions at s=200A GeV is calculated and studied at
high transverse momenta pT. The soft thermalized nuclear
medium is described within the framework of relativistic
ideal three-dimensional hydrodynamics. The energy loss of
partonic jets is evaluated in the context of gluon
bremsstrahlung in the thermalized partonic matter. We
provide a systematic analysis of the azimuthal asymmetry of
π0 suppression at high pT in central and noncentral
collisions at mid and forward rapidity. The determination of
RAA as a function of pT at different azimuthal angles and
different rapidities makes for a stringent test of our
theoretical understanding of jet energy loss over a variety
of in-medium path lengths, temperatures, and initial
partonic jet energies. This lays the groundwork for a
tomography of the nuclear medium. © 2007 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.76.064907},
Key = {fds304513}
}
@article{fds245360,
Author = {Bass, SA and Weber, H and Ernst, C and Bleicher, M and Belkacem, M and Bravina, L and Soff, S and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W and Spieles,
C},
Title = {Reaction dynamics in Pb + Pb at the CERN/SPS: From partonic
degrees of freedom to freeze-out},
Journal = {Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {313-322},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9810077},
Abstract = {We analyze the reaction dynamics of central Pb+Pb collisions
at 160 GeV/nucleon. First we estimate the energy density ∈
pile-up at mid-rapidity and calculate its excitation
function: ∈ is decomposed into hadronic and partonic
contributions. A detailed analysis of the collision dynamics
in the framework of a microscopic transport model shows the
importance of partonic degrees of freedom and rescattering
of leading (di)quarks in the early phase of the reaction for
Elab ≥ 30 GeV/nucleon. The energy density reaches up to 4
GeV/fm3, 95% of which are contained in partonic degrees of
freedom. It is shown that cells of hadronic matter, after t
≈ 2R/γυcm, can be viewed as nearly chemically
equilibrated. This matter never exceeds energy densities of
∼ 0.4 GeV/fm3, i.e. a density above which the notion of
separated hadrons loses its meaning. The final reaction
stage is analyzed in terms of hadron ratios, freeze-out
distributions and a source analysis for final state
pions.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0146-6410(99)00086-1},
Key = {fds245360}
}
@article{fds245329,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Fries, RJ and Müller, B and Bass, SA and Asakawa,
M},
Title = {Recombination plus fragmentation model at RHIC: Elliptic
flow},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {S429-S435},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/053},
Abstract = {We discuss hadron production in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions in the framework of the recombination and
fragmentation model. We propose elliptic flow as a useful
tool for exploring final interactions of resonances, the
hadron structure of exotic particles and the phase structure
of the reaction. © 2005 IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/053},
Key = {fds245329}
}
@article{fds245377,
Author = {Bleicher, M and Zabrodin, E and Spieles, C and Bass, SA and Ernst, C and Soff, S and Bravina, L and Belkacem, M and Weber, H and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Relativistic hadron-hadron collisions in the
ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics
model},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1859-1896},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9909407},
Abstract = {Hadron-hadron (h-h) collisions at high energies are
investigated in the ultra-relativistic quantum molecular
dynamics (UrQMD) approach. This microscopic transport model
describes the phenomenology of hadronic interactions at low
and intermediate energies (√s < 5 GeV) in terms of
interactions between known hadrons and their resonances. At
higher energies, √s > 5 GeV, the excitation of colour
strings and their subsequent fragmentation into hadrons
dominates the multiple production of particles in the UrQMD
model. The model shows a fair overall agreement with a large
body of experimental h-h data over a wide range of h-h
centre-of-mass energies. Hadronic reaction data with higher
precision would be useful to support the use of the UrQMD
model for relativistic heavy-ion collisions.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/25/9/308},
Key = {fds245377}
}
@article{fds341592,
Author = {Xu, Y and Bass, SA and Moreau, P and Song, T and Nahrgang, M and Bratkovskaya, E and Gossiaux, P and Aichelin, J and Cao, S and Greco, V and Coci, G and Werner, K},
Title = {Resolving discrepancies in the estimation of heavy quark
transport coefficients in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.99.014902},
Abstract = {Heavy flavor observables provide valuable information on the
properties of the hot and dense quark-gluon plasma (QGP)
created in ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions.
Various microscopic models have successfully described many
of the observables associated with its formation. Their
transport coefficients differ, however, due to different
assumptions about the underlying interaction of the heavy
quarks with the plasma constituents, different initial
geometries and formation times, different hadronization
processes, and a different time evolution of the QGP. In
this study we present the transport coefficients of these
models and investigate systematically how some of these
assumptions influence the heavy quark properties at the end
of the QGP expansion. For this purpose we impose on these
models the same initial condition and the same model for the
QGP expansion and show that both have considerable influence
on RAA and v2.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.99.014902},
Key = {fds341592}
}
@article{fds331110,
Author = {Auvinen, J and Karpenko, I and Bernhard, JE and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Revealing the collision energy dependence of η/s in
RHIC-BES Au+Au collisions using Bayesian
statistics},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {967},
Pages = {784-787},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.05.107},
Abstract = {We investigate the collision energy dependence of η/s in a
transport + viscous hydrodynamics hybrid model. A Bayesian
analysis is performed on RHIC beam energy scan data for Au +
Au collisions at sNN=19.6, 39, and 62.4 GeV. The resulting
posterior probability distributions for the model parameters
show a preference for a larger value of η/s at 19.6 GeV
compared to 62.4 GeV, indicating dependence on baryon
chemical potential μB.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2017.05.107},
Key = {fds331110}
}
@article{fds245255,
Author = {Bass, SA},
Title = {Review of parton recombination models},
Journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
Volume = {50},
Number = {1},
Pages = {279-288},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1742-6588},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/033},
Abstract = {Parton recombination models have been very successful in
explaining data taken at RHIC on hadron spectra and emission
patterns in Au+Au collisions at transverse momenta above 2
GeV/c, which have exhibited features which could not be
understood in the framework of basic perturbative QCD. In
this article I will review the current status on
recombination models and outline which future challenges
need to be addressed by this class of models. © 2006 IOP
Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/033},
Key = {fds245255}
}
@article{fds353955,
Author = {Paquet, J-F and Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner,
H and Everett, D and Fan, W and Fries, R and Gale, C and He, Y and Heffernan,
M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kauder, K and Ke,
W and Khalaj, E and II, MK and Kumar, A and Luo, T and Luzum, M and Majumder,
A and McNelis, M and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pablos, D and Pang, LG and Park, C and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Tachibana, Y and Vujanovic, G and Wang, X-N and Wolpert,
RL and Xu, Y and Yang, Z},
Title = {Revisiting Bayesian constraints on the transport
coefficients of QCD},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {Multistage models based on relativistic viscous
hydrodynamics have proven successful in describing hadron
measurements from relativistic nuclear collisions. These
measurements are sensitive to the shear and the bulk
viscosities of QCD and provide a unique opportunity to
constrain these transport coefficients. Bayesian analyses
can be used to obtain systematic constraints on the
viscosities of QCD, through methodical model-to-data
comparisons. In this manuscript, we discuss recent
developments in Bayesian analyses of heavy ion collision
data. We highlight the essential role of closure tests in
validating a Bayesian analysis before comparison with
measurements. We discuss the role of the emulator that is
used as proxy for the multistage theoretical model. We use
an ongoing Bayesian analysis of soft hadron measurements by
the JETSCAPE Collaboration as context for the
discussion.},
Key = {fds353955}
}
@article{fds245402,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {RHIC physics with the parton cascade model},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {8},
Pages = {S1283-S1286},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {1219-7580},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/30/8/109},
Abstract = {We present an analysis of the net baryon number rapidity
distribution and of direct photon emission in the framework
of the parton cascade model.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/30/8/109},
Key = {fds245402}
}
@article{fds340301,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {RHIC physics with the parton cascade model},
Journal = {Acta Physica Hungarica, Series A: Heavy Ion
Physics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {45-50},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/APH.24.2005.1-4.7},
Abstract = {We discuss the Parton Cascade Model and it's application to
RHIC physics. In particular, we focus on an analysis of the
net-baryon nurnber rapidity distribution and on direct
photon emission. © 2005 Akadémiai Kiadó,
Budapest.},
Doi = {10.1556/APH.24.2005.1-4.7},
Key = {fds340301}
}
@article{fds368437,
Author = {Everett, D and Oliinychenko, D and Luzum, M and Paquet, JF and Vujanovic, G and Bass, SA and Du, L and Gale, C and Heffernan, M and Heinz,
U and Kasper, L and Ke, W and Liyanage, D and Majumder, A and Mankolli, A and Shen, C and Soeder, D and Velkovska, J and Angerami, A and Arora, R and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Dai, T and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Fan, W and Fries, RJ and Garza, F and He, Y and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kelsey, M and Kordell, M and Kumar, A and Latessa, J and Lee, YJ and Lopez,
A and Mak, S and Martin, C and Mehryar, H and Mengel, T and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Staudenmaier, J and Strickland, M and Tachibana, Y and Wang, XN and Wolpert, RL},
Title = {Role of bulk viscosity in deuteron production in
ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {106},
Number = {6},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.106.064901},
Abstract = {We use a Bayesian-calibrated multistage viscous hydrodynamic
model to explore deuteron yield, mean transverse momentum
and flow observables in Pb-Pb collisions at the Large Hadron
Collider. We explore theoretical uncertainty in the
production of deuterons, including (i) the contribution of
thermal deuterons, (ii) models for the subsequent formation
of deuterons (hadronic transport vs coalescence), and (iii)
the overall sensitivity of the results to the hydrodynamic
model, in particular to bulk viscosity, which is often
neglected in studies of deuteron production. Using physical
parameters set by a comparison to only light hadron
observables, we find good agreement with measurements of the
mean transverse momentum (pT) and elliptic flow v2 of
deuterons; however, tension is observed with experimental
data for the deuteron multiplicity in central collisions.
The results are found to be sensitive to each of the
mentioned theoretical uncertainties, with a particular
sensitivity to bulk viscosity, indicating that the latter is
an important ingredient for an accurate treatment of
deuteron production.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.106.064901},
Key = {fds368437}
}
@booklet{Soff97,
Author = {Soff, S and Ardouin, D and Spieles, C and Bass, SA and Stöcker, H and Gourio, D and Schramm, S and Greiner, C and Lednicky, R and Lyuboshitz,
VL and Coffin, JP and Kuhn, C},
Title = {Search for the production of strangelets in quark matter
using particle correlations},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2095-2105},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/23/12/035},
Abstract = {We present a new technique for observing the strangelet
production in quark matter based on unlike particle
correlations. A simulation is presented with a two-phase
thermodynamical model.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/23/12/035},
Key = {Soff97}
}
@article{fds245408,
Author = {S A Bass and BM and uuml, and ller, DKS},
Title = {Semihard scattering of partons at SPS and RHIC: A Study in
contrast.},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C, Rapid Communication},
Volume = {66},
Pages = {061902(R)},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0210042},
Abstract = {We analyze the contribution of pQCD based semi-hard parton
(re)scattering to the reaction dynamics of relativistic
heavy-ion collisions at SPS and RHIC. While such processes
are able to account for the measured yield of high momentum
direct photons at SPS energies, the conditions necessary for
jet-quenching are not fulfilled. The situation changes
dramatically at RHIC energies.},
Key = {fds245408}
}
@article{fds245242,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Semihard scattering of partons at [Formula Presented] vs 200
GeV: A study in contrast},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {66},
Number = {6},
Pages = {4},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.66.061902},
Abstract = {We analyze the contribution of perturbative QCD based
semihard parton (re)scattering to the reaction dynamics of
relativistic heavy-ion collisions at SPS and RHIC. While
such processes are able to account for the measured yield of
high-momentum direct photons at SPS energies, the conditions
necessary for jet quenching are not fulfilled. The situation
changes dramatically at RHIC energies. © 2002 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.66.061902},
Key = {fds245242}
}
@article{fds245303,
Author = {Fuini, J and Demir, NS and Srivastava, DK and Bass,
SA},
Title = {Shear viscosity in a perturbative quark-gluon
plasma},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {015004-015004},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/38/1/015004},
Abstract = {Among the key features of hot and dense QCD matter produced
in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC is its
very low shear viscosity, indicative of the properties of a
near-ideal fluid, and a large opacity demonstrated by jet
energy loss measurements. In this work, we utilize a
microscopic transport model based on the Boltzmann equation
with quark and gluon degrees of freedom and cross sections
calculated from perturbative quantum chromodynamics to
simulate an ideal quark-gluon plasma in full thermal and
chemical equilibrium. We then use the Kubo formalism to
calculate the shear viscosity to entropy-density ratio of
the medium as a function of temperature and system
composition. One of our key results is that the shear
viscosity over entropy-density ratio η/s becomes invariant
to the chemical composition of the system when plotted as a
function of energy-density instead of temperature. © 2011
IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/38/1/015004},
Key = {fds245303}
}
@article{fds245311,
Author = {Demir, N and Bass, SA},
Title = {Shear-Viscosity to Entropy Density Ratio of a Relativistic
Hadron Gas at RHIC: Approaching the AdS/CFT
bound?},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {102},
Number = {17},
Pages = {172302},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=PRLTAO000102000017172302000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes},
Abstract = {http://arXiv.org/abs/0812.2422},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.172302},
Key = {fds245311}
}
@article{fds304514,
Author = {Demir, N and Bass, SA},
Title = {Shear-viscosity to entropy-density ratio of a relativistic
hadron gas.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {102},
Number = {17},
Pages = {172302},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19518776},
Abstract = {Ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Brookhaven
National Laboratory Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
are thought to have produced a state of matter called the
quark-gluon plasma, characterized by a very small
shear-viscosity to entropy-density ratio eta/s, near the
lower bound predicted for that quantity by anti-de Sitter
space/conformal field theory methods. As the produced matter
expands and cools, it evolves through a phase described by a
hadron gas with rapidly increasing eta/s. We calculate eta/s
as a function of temperature in this phase both in and out
of chemical equilibrium and find that its value poses a
challenge for viscous relativistic hydrodynamics, which
requires small values of eta/s in order to successfully
describe the collective flow observables at the RHIC. We
therefore conclude that the origin of the low viscosity
matter at the RHIC must be in the partonic phase of the
reaction.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.102.172302},
Key = {fds304514}
}
@article{fds245308,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Müller,
B},
Title = {Signals of the QCD Critical Point in Hydrodynamic
Evolutions},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {830},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {291c-294c},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2009.10.025},
Abstract = {The presence of a critical point in the QCD phase diagram
can deform the trajectories describing the evolution of the
expanding fireball in the μB - T phase diagram. The
deformation of the hydrodynamic trajectories will change the
transverse velocity (βT) dependence of the
proton-antiproton ratio when the fireball passes in the
vicinity of the critical point. An unusual βT dependence of
the over(p, -) / p ratio in a narrow beam energy window
would thus signal the presence of the critical point. ©
2009.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2009.10.025},
Key = {fds245308}
}
@article{fds245363,
Author = {Bass, SA and Gyulassy, M and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Signatures of quark-gluon plasma formation in high energy
heavy-ion collisions: A critical review},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {R1-R57},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {1999},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9810281},
Abstract = {A critical review on signatures of quark-gluon plasma (QGP)
formation is given and the current (1998) experimental
status is discussed. After giving an introduction to the
properties of QCD matter in both, equilibrium and
non-equilibrium theories, we focus on observables which may
yield experimental evidence for QGP formation. For each
individual observable the discussion is divided into three
sections: first the connection between the respective
observable and QGP formation in terms of the underlying
theoretical concepts is given, then the relevant
experimental results are reviewed and finally the current
status concerning the interpretation of both, theory and
experiment, is discussed. A comprehensive summary including
an outlook towards RHIC is given in the final
section.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/25/3/013},
Key = {fds245363}
}
@article{fds245321,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Bass, SA},
Title = {Space-time evolution of bulk QCD matter},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {75},
Number = {1},
Pages = {014902},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0607018},
Abstract = {We introduce a combined, fully three-dimensional
macroscopic/microscopic transport approach employing
relativistic 3D hydrodynamics for the early, dense,
deconfined stage of the reaction and a microscopic
nonequilibrium model for the later hadronic stage where the
equilibrium assumptions are no longer valid. Within this
approach, we study the dynamics of hot bulk QCD matter,
which is being created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion
collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. Our
work is an extension of the well-known hybrid macro+micro
approach in 1+1 and 2+1 dimensions, which is capable of
self-consistently calculating the freeze-out of the hadronic
system while accounting for the collective flow on the
hadronization hypersurface generated by the quark-gluon
plasma expansion. In particular, we perform a detailed
analysis of the reaction dynamics, hadronic freeze-out, and
transverse flow. © 2007 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.75.014902},
Key = {fds245321}
}
@article{fds245256,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Bass, SA},
Title = {Space-time evolution of bulk QCD matter at
RHIC},
Journal = {European Physical Journal C},
Volume = {49},
Number = {1},
Pages = {97-102},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1434-6044},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-006-0062-0},
Abstract = {We introduce a combined fully three-dimensional
macroscopic/microscopic transport approach employing
relativistic 3D-hydrodynamics for the early, dense,
deconfined stage of the reaction and a microscopic
non-equilibrium model for the later hadronic stage where the
equilibrium assumptions are not valid anymore. Within this
approach we study the dynamics of hot, bulk QCD matter,
which is being created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion
collisions at RHIC. In particular, we perform a detailed
analysis of the reaction dynamics, hadronic freeze-out,
transverse flow and elliptic flow. © Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg 2007.},
Doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-006-0062-0},
Key = {fds245256}
}
@article{fds245213,
Author = {Song, H and Bass, SA and Heinz, U},
Title = {Spectra and elliptic flow for identified hadrons in 2.76A
TeV Pb + Pb collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {89},
Number = {3},
Pages = {034919},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1311.0157},
Abstract = {Using the vishnu hybrid model that couples (2+1)-dimensional
viscous hydrodynamics to a microscopic hadronic transport
model, we calculate the multiplicity, pT spectra, and
elliptic flow for pions, kaons, and protons in 2.76A TeV
Pb+Pb collisions, using mc-kln initializations with smoothed
initial conditions, obtained by averaging over a large
number of events. The results from our calculations are
compared to data from the ALICE Collaboration, showing nice
agreement over several centrality bins. Using the same
inputs, we predict the pT spectra and elliptic flow for
Ï• mesons and explore their flow development in the
strong and weak coupling limits through hydrodynamic
calculations with different decoupling temperatures. In
addition we study the influence of baryon and antibaryon
annihilation processes on common observables and demonstrate
that, by including annihilation processes below a switching
temperature of 165 MeV, vishnu provides a good description
of the multiplicity and pT spectra for pions, kaons, and
protons measured by PHENIX and ALICE at both the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron
Collider (LHC). © 2014 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.89.034919},
Key = {fds245213}
}
@article{fds245323,
Author = {Bass, SA},
Title = {SQM 2006: Theory summary and perspectives},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {32},
Number = {12},
Pages = {S15-S27},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0607056},
Abstract = {In this write-up of my SQM 2006 Theory Summary talk I focus
on a selection of key contributions which I consider to have
a large impact on the current status of the field of
strangeness physics or which may have the potential to
significantly advance strangeness - or in general flavour
physics - in the near future. © 2006 IOP Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/32/12/S02},
Key = {fds245323}
}
@article{fds245403,
Author = {Bratkovskaya, EL and Bleicher, M and Reiter, M and Soff, S and Stöcker,
H and Van Leeuwen and M and Bass, SA and Cassing, W},
Title = {Strangeness dynamics and transverse pressure in relativistic
nucleus-nucleus collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {69},
Number = {5},
Pages = {054907-054901},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.69.054907},
Abstract = {We investigate hadron production as well as transverse
hadron spectra from proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and
nucleus-nucleus collisions from 2A GeV to 21.3A TeV within
two independent transport approaches, i.e., hadron-string
dynamics (HSD) and ultrarelativistic quantum molecular
dynamics (UrQMD) that are based on quark, diquark, string,
and hadronic degrees of freedom. The comparison to
experimental data on transverse mass spectra from pp, pA,
and C+C (or Si+Si) reactions shows the reliability of the
transport models for light systems. For central Au+Au
(Pb+Pb) collisions at bombarding energies above ∼5A GeV,
furthermore, the measured K± transverse mass spectra have a
larger inverse slope parameter than expected from the
default calculations. We investigate various scenarios to
explore their potential effects on the K± spectra. In
particular the initial state Cronin effect is found to play
a substantial role at top Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energies. However,
the maximum in the K+/π+ ratio at 20-30 A GeV is missed by
40% and the approximately constant slope of the K± spectra
at SPS energies is not reproduced either. Our systematic
analysis suggests that the additional pressure - as expected
from lattice QCD calculations at finite quark chemical
potential μq and temperature T - should be generated by
strong interactions in the early prehadronic/partonic phase
of central Au+Au (Pb+Pb) collisions.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.69.054907},
Key = {fds245403}
}
@article{fds245375,
Author = {Soff, S and Bass, SA and Bleicher, M and Bravina, L and Gorenstein, M and Zabrodin, E and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W},
Title = {Strangeness enhancement in heavy ion collisions - Evidence
for quark-gluon matter?},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {471},
Number = {1},
Pages = {89-96},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0370-2693},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9907026},
Abstract = {The centrality dependence of (multi-)strange hadron
abundances is studied for Pb(158 A GeV)Pb reactions and
compared to p(158 GeV)Pb collisions. The microscopic
transport model UrQMD is used for this analysis. The
predicted Λ/π-, Ξ-/π- and Ω-/π- ratios are enhanced
due to rescattering in central Pb-Pb collisions as compared
to peripheral Pb-Pb or p-Pb collisions. However, the
enhancement is substantially smaller than observed
experimentally. The enhancement depends strongly on the
kinematical cuts. The maximum enhancement is predicted
around midrapidity. For A's, strangeness suppression is
predicted at projectile/target rapidity. For Λ's, the
predicted enhancement can be as large as one order of
magnitude. Comparisons of Pb-Pb data to proton induced
asymmetric (p-A) collisions are hampered due to the
predicted strong asymmetry in the various rapidity
distributions of the different (strange) particle species.
In p-Pb collisions, strangeness is locally (in rapidity) not
conserved. The present comparison to the data of the WA97
and NA49 Collaborations clearly supports the suggestion that
conventional (free) hadronic scenarios are unable to
describe the observed high (anti-)hyperon yields in central
collisions. A reduction of the constituent quark masses to
the current quark masses m(s) ~ 230 Me V, m(q) ~ 10 MeV, as
motivated by chiral symmetry restoration, yields hyperon
production close to the experimentally observed high values.
An ad hoc overall increase of the color electric field
strength (effective string tension of κ = 3 Ge V/fm) yields
similar results. It has been suggested that these findings
might be interpreted as a signal of a phase of nearly
massless particles. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(99)01318-0},
Key = {fds245375}
}
@article{fds245401,
Author = {Chang, DY and Bass, SA and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Strangeness production at RHIC in the perturbative
regime},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {7},
Pages = {L7-L15},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/30/7/L02},
Abstract = {We investigate strange quark production in Au-Au collisions
at RHIC in the framework of the parton cascade model (PCM).
The yields of (anti-) strange quarks for three production
scenarios - primary-primary scattering, full scattering, and
full production - are compared to a proton-proton baseline.
The enhancement of the strange quark yield in central Au-Au
collisions compared to scaled p - p collisions increases
with the number of secondary interactions. The centrality
dependence of strangeness production for the three
production scenarios is studied as well. For all production
mechanisms, the strangeness yield increases with (Npart)4/3.
The perturbative QCD regime described by the PCM is able to
account for up to 50% of the observed strangeness at
RHIC.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/30/7/L02},
Key = {fds245401}
}
@article{fds245389,
Author = {Bass, SA},
Title = {Strangeness production in microscopic transport
models},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1543-1551},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0112046},
Abstract = {Strangeness production in microscopic transport models for
relativistic heavyion collisions from SIS to RHIC is
reviewed: after a brief introduction into elementary
strangeness production processes, the main emphasis is put
on strangeness as an indicator of the nuclear equation of
state, the excitation function of the K+/π+ ratio and
strangeness as a deconfinement indicator.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/28/7/304},
Key = {fds245389}
}
@article{fds353950,
Author = {Ke, W and Wang, X-N and Fan, W and Bass, S},
Title = {Study of heavy-flavor jets in a transport
approach},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {Measurements at the RHIC and the LHC have observed flavor
dependence of single-hadron suppression, which reveal the
role played by quark masses in the parton interactions with
the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) medium. In this study, we
explore the manifestation of quark mass effect and flavor
dependence in jet observables. We approach this study using
the LIDO transport model. Both elastic and medium-induced
radiative processes are implemented for hard parton
evolution in the medium. To guarantee energy-momentum
conservation in the model for the study of full jet
observables, we also include a component that mimics the
energy-momentum transported by medium excitation. We first
predict the heavy-jet (B-jet, D-jet) and inclusive-jet
nuclear modification factor $R_{AA}$ in central nuclear
collisions at both the RHIC and the LHC beam energies. We
observe a flavor-dependent jet suppression as a function of
jet transverse momentum, which can be tested by future
precision measurements of heavy jets. We further investigate
a novel observable that considers the angular correlation
between two hard objects: a D-meson and a jet, which
provides model constraints in addition to those imposed by
inclusive measurements.},
Key = {fds353950}
}
@article{fds322929,
Author = {Cao, S and Qin, GY and Bass, SA},
Title = {Suppression and Two-Particle Correlations of Heavy Mesons in
Heavy-Ion Collisions},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {956},
Pages = {505-508},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2015.12.012},
Abstract = {We study the medium modification of heavy quarks produced in
heavy-ion collisions. The evolution of heavy quarks inside
the QGP is described using a modified Langevin framework
that simultaneously incorporates their collisional and
radiative energy loss. Within this framework, we provide
good descriptions of the heavy meson suppression and
predictions for the two-particle correlation functions of
heavy meson pairs.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2015.12.012},
Key = {fds322929}
}
@article{fds245310,
Author = {Bass, SA and Gale, C and Majumder, A and Nonaka, C and Qin, GY and Renk, T and Ruppert, J},
Title = {Systematic comparison of jet energy-loss schemes in a 3D
hydrodynamic medium},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {10},
Pages = {024901},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=PRVCAN000079000002024901000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes},
Abstract = {We utilize a 3D hydrodynamic model to provide the medium
evolution for a systematic comparison of jet energy-loss
calculations in the BDMPS/ASW, HT and AMY approaches. We
find that the parameters of all three calculations can be
adjusted to provide a good description of inclusive data on
RAA versus transverse momentum. However, we do observe
slight differences in their predictions for the azimuthal
angular dependence of RAA versus p T. We also note that the
value of the transport coefficient needed in the three
approaches to describe the data differs significantly. ©
2008 IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/35/10/104064},
Key = {fds245310}
}
@article{fds245312,
Author = {Bass, SA and Gale, C and Majumder, A and Nonaka, C and Qin, GY and Renk, T and Ruppert, J},
Title = {Systematic comparison of jet energy-loss schemes in a
realistic hydrodynamic medium},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {79},
Number = {2},
Pages = {104064-104064},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/35/10/104064},
Abstract = {We perform a systematic comparison of three different jet
energy-loss approaches. These include the
Armesto-Salgado-Wiedemann scheme based on the approach of
Baier-Dokshitzer-Mueller-Peigne-Schiff and Zakharov
(BDMPS-Z/ASW), the higher twist (HT) approach and a scheme
based on the Arnold-Moore-Yaffe (AMY) approach. In this
comparison, an identical medium evolution will be utilized
for all three approaches: this entails not only the use of
the same realistic three-dimensional relativistic fluid
dynamics (RFD) simulation, but also the use of identical
initial parton-distribution functions and final
fragmentation functions. We are, thus, in a unique position
to not only isolate fundamental differences between the
various approaches but also make rigorous calculations for
different experimental measurements using state of the art
components. All three approaches are reduced to versions
containing only one free tunable parameter, this is then
related to the well-known transport parameter q. We find
that the parameters of all three calculations can be
adjusted to provide a good description of inclusive data on
RAA vs transverse momentum. However, we do observe slight
differences in their predictions for the centrality and
azimuthal angular dependence of RAA vs pT. We also note that
the values of the transport coefficient q in the three
approaches to describe the data differ significantly. ©
2009 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.79.024901},
Key = {fds245312}
}
@article{fds331115,
Author = {Auvinen, J and Bernhard, JE and Bass, SA},
Title = {Systematic extraction of QGP properties},
Journal = {Acta Physica Polonica B, Proceedings Supplement},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {455-459},
Publisher = {Acta Physica Polonica B Editorial Office},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5506/APhysPolBSupp.10.455},
Abstract = {We investigate the collision energy dependence of shear
viscosity over the entropy density ratio η/=s in Au+Au
collisions at √ sNN = 19:6, 39, and 62.4 GeV, using
Bayesian statistical analysis and Gaussian process emulators
to explore the full input parameter space of a
transport+hydrodynamics hybrid model. The ratio is found to
decrease as a function of collision energy, supporting the
results from previous studies performed with the same hybrid
model.},
Doi = {10.5506/APhysPolBSupp.10.455},
Key = {fds331115}
}
@article{fds245217,
Author = {Coleman-Smith, CE and Müller, B and Bass, SA},
Title = {Systematic Monte-Carlo studies of dijets at RHIC using the
VNI/BMS Parton Cascade},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {904-905},
Pages = {759c-762c},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2013.02.128},
Abstract = {We present a study of the dijet suppression at RHIC using
the parton cascade model. We examine the modification of the
dijet asymmetry A j and the fragmentation distributions z
and j T in terms of: q̂; the path length of leading and
sub-leading jets; cuts on the jet energy distributions; jet
cone angle and the jet-medium interaction mechanism. We have
introduced a string hadronization model and present hadronic
jet fragmentation distributions. We find that A j is most
sensitive to q̂ and less sensitive to the nature of the
jet-medium interaction mechanism. The fragmentation
distributions show jet modification and differentiate
between elastic and radiative+elastic modes. © 2013
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2013.02.128},
Key = {fds245217}
}
@article{fds245261,
Author = {Nonaka, C and Asakawa, M and Bass, SA},
Title = {The 3D hydro+UrQMD model with the QCD critical
point},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {10},
Pages = {104099-104099},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/35/10/104099},
Abstract = {Using a combined fully three-dimensional
macroscopic/microscopic transport approach, we discuss the
existence of the QCD critical point and how to find its
consequences in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. © 2008
IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/35/10/104099},
Key = {fds245261}
}
@article{fds245223,
Author = {Bass, SA and Muller, B and Stephans, GSF and Urich,
T},
Title = {The 7th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark
Matter},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE
PHYSICS},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {IOP PUBLISHING LTD},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000188667400001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds245223}
}
@article{fds245254,
Author = {Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Müller, B},
Title = {The flavours of the quark-gluon plasma},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {32},
Number = {12},
Pages = {S411-S419},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/32/12/S50},
Abstract = {Flavour probes depend on the transport properties of the
quark-gluon plasma. An expanding quark-gluon plasma has an
anomalous viscosity, which arises from interactions with
dynamically generated colour fields. The anomalous viscosity
dominates over the collisional viscosity for weak coupling
and at not too late times. In addition to possibly providing
an explanation for the apparent nearly 'perfect' liquidity
of the matter produced in nuclear collisions at RHIC,
similar anomalous effects can affect the rate of flavour
equilibration and the diffusion constant of heavy quarks. ©
2006 IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/32/12/S50},
Key = {fds245254}
}
@article{fds245306,
Author = {Xie, Z and Ning, P and Bass, SA},
Title = {The freeze-out properties of hyperons in a microscopic
transport model.},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {37},
Number = {4},
Pages = {045002},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2010},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arXiv.org/abs/0911.4410},
Abstract = {The excitation function of freeze-out time, average
freeze-out temperature and freeze-out energy density of
(multi-) strange baryons created in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions is investigated in the framework of a microscopic
transport model. We find that the Ω on average freezes out
earlier than the nucleon, Λ and Ξ. The average freeze-out
temperature and energy density, as well as the spread
between the different baryonic states, increase
monotonically with increasing beam energy and should
approach a universal value in the case of a hadronizing
quark-gluon plasma. © 2010 IOP Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/37/4/045002},
Key = {fds245306}
}
@article{fds315777,
Author = {Shen, C and Qiu, Z and Song, H and Bernhard, J and Bass, S and Heinz,
U},
Title = {The iEBE-VISHNU code package for relativistic heavy-ion
collisions},
Journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
Volume = {199},
Pages = {61-85},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0010-4655},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2015.08.039},
Abstract = {The iEBE-VISHNU code package performs event-by-event
simulations for relativistic heavy-ion collisions using a
hybrid approach based on (2+1)-dimensional viscous
hydrodynamics coupled to a hadronic cascade model. We
present the detailed model implementation, accompanied by
some numerical code tests for the package. iEBE-VISHNU forms
the core of a general theoretical framework for model-data
comparisons through large scale Monte-Carlo simulations. A
numerical interface between the hydrodynamically evolving
medium and thermal photon radiation is also discussed. This
interface is more generally designed for calculations of all
kinds of rare probes that are coupled to the temperature and
flow velocity evolution of the bulk medium, such as jet
energy loss and heavy quark diffusion.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cpc.2015.08.039},
Key = {fds315777}
}
@article{fds315778,
Author = {Cao, S and Huang, Y and Qin, GY and Bass, SA},
Title = {The influence of initial state fluctuations on heavy quark
energy loss in relativistic heavy-ion collisions},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {42},
Number = {12},
Pages = {125104-125104},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1404.3139},
Abstract = {We study the effects of initial state fluctuations on the
dynamical evolution of heavy quarks inside a quark-gluon
plasma (QGP) created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
The evolution of heavy quarks in QGP matter is described
utilizing a modified Langevin equation that incorporates the
contributions from both collisional and radiative energy
loss. The spacetime evolution of the fireball medium is
simulated with a (2 + 1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic
model. We find that when the medium traversed by the heavy
quark contains a fixed amount of energy, heavy quarks tend
to lose more energy for greater fluctuations of the medium
density. This may result in a larger suppression of heavy
flavor observables in a fluctuating QGP matter than in a
smooth one. The possibility of using hard probes to infer
the information of initial states of heavy-ion collisions is
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/42/12/125104},
Key = {fds315778}
}
@article{fds353957,
Author = {Putschke, JH and Kauder, K and Khalaj, E and Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Elfner, H and Everett, D and Fan, W and Fries, RJ and Gale, C and He, Y and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Ke, W and II, MK and Kumar, A and Luo, T and Majumder, A and McNelis, M and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pablos, D and Pang, L-G and Park, C and Paquet, J-F and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Tachibana, Y and Vujanovic, G and Wang, X-N and Wolpert,
RL and Xu, Y and Yang, Z},
Title = {The JETSCAPE framework},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {The JETSCAPE simulation framework is an overarching
computational envelope for developing complete event
generators for heavy-ion collisions. It allows for modular
incorporation of a wide variety of existing and future
software that simulates different aspects of a heavy-ion
collision. The default JETSCAPE package contains both the
framework, and an entire set of indigenous and third party
routines that can be used to directly compare with
experimental data. In this article, we outline the
algorithmic design of the JETSCAPE framework, define the
interfaces and describe the default modules required to
carry out full simulations of heavy-ion collisions within
this package. We begin with a description of the various
physics elements required to simulate an entire event in a
heavy-ion collision, and distribute these within a flowchart
representing the event generator and statistical routines
for comparison with data. This is followed by a description
of the abstract class structure, with associated members and
functions required for this flowchart to work. We then
define the interface that will be required for external
users of JETSCAPE to incorporate their code within this
framework and to modify existing elements within the default
distribution. We conclude with a discussion of some of the
physics output for both $p$-$p$ and $A$-$A$ collisions from
the default distribution, and an outlook towards future
releases. In the appendix, we discuss various architectures
on which this code can be run and outline our benchmarks on
similar hardware.},
Key = {fds353957}
}
@article{fds245284,
Author = {Bleicher, M and Spieles, C and Ernst, C and Gerland, L and Soff, S and Neise, L and Stöcker, H and Greiner, W and Bass,
SA},
Title = {The origin of transverse flow at the SPS},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {447},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {227-232},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0370-2693},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9803346},
Abstract = {We study the transverse expansion in central Pb + Pb
collisions at the CERN SPS. Strong collective motion of
hadrons can be created. This flow is mainly due to meson
baryon rescattering. It allows to study the angular
distribution of intermediate mass meson baryon interactions.
© 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01599-8},
Key = {fds245284}
}
@article{fds245292,
Author = {Shen, C and Bass, SA and Hirano, T and Huovinen, P and Qiu, Z and Song, H and Heinz, U},
Title = {The QGP shear viscosity - elusive goal or just around the
corner?.},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {38},
Number = {12},
Pages = {124045},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1106.6350},
Abstract = {With the new viscous hydrodynamic + hadron cascade hybrid
code VISHNU, a rather precise (25%) extraction of the quark
gluon plasma (QGP) shear viscosity (η/s)QGP from heavy-ion
elliptic flow data is possible if the initial eccentricity
of the collision fireball is known with <5% accuracy. At
this point, eccentricities from initial state models differ
by up to 20%, leading to an (100%) uncertainty for
(η/s)QGP. It is shown that a simultaneous comparison of
elliptic and triangular flow, v2 and v3, puts strong
constraints on initial state models and can largely
eliminate the present uncertainty in (η/s)QGP. The
variation of the differential elliptic flow v2(pT) for
identified hadrons between RHIC and LHC energies provides
additional tests of the evolution model. © 2011 IOP
Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/38/12/124045},
Key = {fds245292}
}
@article{fds245332,
Author = {Müller, B and Fries, RJ and Bass, SA},
Title = {Thermal recombination: Beyond the valence quark
approximation},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {618},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {77-83},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0503003},
Abstract = {Quark counting rules derived from recombination models agree
well with data on hadron production at intermediate
transverse momenta in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
They convey a simple picture of hadrons consisting only of
valence quarks. We discuss the inclusion of higher Fock
states that add sea quarks and gluons to the hadron
structure. We show that, when recombination occurs from a
thermal medium, hadron spectra remain unaffected by the
inclusion of higher Fock states. However, the quark number
scaling for elliptic flow is somewhat affected. We discuss
the implications for our understanding of data from the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.physletb.2005.05.025},
Key = {fds245332}
}
@article{fds245290,
Author = {Cao, S and Bass, SA},
Title = {Thermalization of charm quarks in infinite and finite
quark-gluon plasma matter},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {84},
Number = {6},
Pages = {064902},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1108.5101},
Abstract = {We study the thermalization process of charm quarks in hot
and dense matter. The diffusion of heavy quarks is
calculated via a Langevin equation, both for a static medium
as well as for a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) medium generated
by a (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic model. We define two
criteria for the thermalization of the heavy quarks and
observe thermalization times that are longer than the
lifetime of the QGP phase for reasonable values of the
diffusion constant. © 2011 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.84.064902},
Key = {fds245290}
}
@booklet{Soff97a,
Author = {Soff, S and Bass, SA and Belkacem, M and Bleicher, M and Brandstetter,
M and Ernst, C and Gerland, L and Greiner, W and Konopka, J and Schramm, S and Spieles, C and Stoecker, H and Weber, H},
Title = {Thermodynamic properties of heavy ion collisions.},
Journal = {Abstracts Of Papers Of The American Chemical
Society},
Volume = {214},
Pages = {81-NUCL},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
Key = {Soff97a}
}
@article{fds331114,
Author = {Nahrgang, M and Bluhm, M and Schäfer, T and Bass,
S},
Title = {Toward the description of fluid dynamical fluctuations in
heavy-ion collisions},
Journal = {Acta Physica Polonica B, Proceedings Supplement},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {687-692},
Publisher = {Acta Physica Polonica B Editorial Office},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5506/APhysPolBSupp.10.687},
Abstract = {In this article, we present results obtained when fluid
dynamical fluctuations are included in relativistic 3+1
dimensional viscous fluid dynamics. We discuss effects of
the interactions of fluctuations due to nonlinearities and
the cutoff dependence.},
Doi = {10.5506/APhysPolBSupp.10.687},
Key = {fds331114}
}
@article{fds343596,
Author = {Cao, S and Coci, G and Das, SK and Ke, W and Liu, SYF and Plumari, S and Song,
T and Xu, Y and Aichelin, J and Bass, S and Bratkovskaya, E and Dong, X and Gossiaux, PB and Greco, V and He, M and Nahrgang, M and Rapp, R and Scardina, F and Wang, XN},
Title = {Toward the determination of heavy-quark transport
coefficients in quark-gluon plasma},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {99},
Number = {5},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.99.054907},
Abstract = {Several transport models have been employed in recent years
to analyze heavy-flavor meson spectra in high-energy
heavy-ion collisions. Heavy-quark transport coefficients
extracted from these models with their default parameters
vary, however, by up to a factor of 5 at high momenta. To
investigate the origin of this large theoretical
uncertainty, a systematic comparison of heavy-quark
transport coefficients is carried out between various
transport models. Within a common scheme devised for the
nuclear modification factor of charm quarks in a brick
medium of a quark-gluon plasma, the systematic uncertainty
of the extracted drag coefficient among these models is
shown to be reduced to a factor of 2, which can be viewed as
the smallest intrinsic systematical error band achievable at
present time. This indicates the importance of a realistic
hydrodynamic evolution constrained by bulk hadron spectra
and of heavy-quark hadronization for understanding the final
heavy-flavor hadron spectra and extracting heavy-quark drag
coefficient. The transverse transport coefficient is less
constrained due to the influence of the underlying mechanism
for heavy-quark medium interaction. Additional constraints
on transport models such as energy loss fluctuation and
transverse-momentum broadening can further reduce
theoretical uncertainties in the extracted transport
coefficients.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.99.054907},
Key = {fds343596}
}
@article{fds346595,
Author = {Ke, W and Xu, Y and Bass, SA},
Title = {Towards an extraction of q with an uncertainty controlled
energy loss Monte-Carlo},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {345},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Recent progress in open-heavy-flavor measurements and future
experimental upgrades are bringing heavy-flavor physics into
the precision era, allowing for strong quantitative
constraints on the transport properties of heavy quarks in
the quark-gluon plasma. Starting from the LIDO transport
model, which combines a matrix-element based
linearized-Boltzmann transport and diffusion based Langevin
equation, we have made two essential improvements to
increase both the flexibility and physical accuracy of the
model. First, we have absorbed the pQCD scatterings with
small momentum transfers to the medium into the diffusion
part of the LIDO model, and we have restricted the use of
vacuum matrix elements to large momentum transfer processes.
This study allows us to construct a model that smoothly
interpolates between a pure pQCD based approach and a
radiation-improved Langevin equation by tuning a single
scale parameter. Second, the Monte-Carlo implementation of
the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect of the original model
has been improved to account for multiple scatterings of
gluons. The simulated radiative energy loss can be tuned to
quantitatively agree with semi-analytic theory calculations
both for a static (finite / infinite) medium and for a
dynamic expanding medium. With such improvements, the LIDO
model will greatly facilitate the extraction of heavy-quark
transport coefficient from a systematic model-to-data
comparison.},
Key = {fds346595}
}
@article{fds337149,
Author = {Moreau, P and Xu, Y and Song, T and Nahrgang, M and Bass, S and Bratkovskaya, E},
Title = {Traces of non-equilibrium dynamics in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {2017-August},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The impact of non-equilibrium effects on the dynamics of
heavy-ion collisions is investigated by comparing a
non-equilibrium transport approach, the Parton-Hadron-String-Dynamics
(PHSD), to a 2D+1 viscous hydrodynamical model, which is
based on the assumption of local equilibrium and
conservation laws. Starting the hydrodynamical model from
the same non-equilibrium initial condition as in the PHSD,
using an equivalent lQCD Equation-of-State (EoS), the same
transport coefficients, i.e. shear viscosity ? and the bulk
viscosity ? in the hydrodynamical model, we compare the time
evolution of the system in terms of energy density, Fourier
transformed energy density, spatial and momentum
eccentricities and ellipticity in order to quantify the
traces of non-equilibrium phenomena. In addition, we also
investigate the role of initial pre-equilibrium flow on the
hydrodynamical evolution and demonstrate its importance for
final state observables. We find that due to non-equilibrium
effects, the event-by-event transport calculations show
large fluctuations in the collective properties, while
ensemble averaged observables are close to the
hydrodynamical results.},
Key = {fds337149}
}
@article{fds329191,
Author = {Xu, Y and Moreau, P and Song, T and Nahrgang, M and Bass, SA and Bratkovskaya, E},
Title = {Traces of nonequilibrium dynamics in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {96},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.024902},
Abstract = {The impact of nonequilibrium effects on the dynamics of
heavy-ion collisions is investigated by comparing a
nonequilibrium transport approach, the Parton-Hadron-String-Dynamics
(PHSD), to a 2D+1 viscous hydrodynamical model, which is
based on the assumption of local equilibrium and
conservation laws. Starting the hydrodynamical model from
the same nonequilibrium initial condition as in the PHSD,
using an equivalent lQCD equation of state (EoS), the same
transport coefficients, i.e., shear viscosity η and the
bulk viscosity ζ in the hydrodynamical model, we compare
the time evolution of the system in terms of energy density,
Fourier transformed energy density, spatial and momentum
eccentricities, and ellipticity to quantify the traces of
nonequilibrium phenomena. In addition, we also investigate
the role of initial pre-equilibrium flow on the
hydrodynamical evolution and demonstrate its importance for
final state observables. We find that because of
nonequilibrium effects, the event-by-event transport
calculations show large fluctuations in the collective
properties, while ensemble averaged observables are close to
the hydrodynamical results.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.96.024902},
Key = {fds329191}
}
@article{fds349997,
Author = {Song, T and Moreau, P and Xu, Y and Ozvenchuk, V and Bratkovskaya, E and Aichelin, J and Bass, SA and Gossiaux, PB and Nahrgang,
M},
Title = {Traces of nonequilibrium effects, initial condition, bulk
dynamics, and elementary collisions in the charm
observables},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {101},
Number = {4},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.044903},
Abstract = {Heavy quarks produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
are known to be sensitive probes of the hot and dense QCD
matter they traverse. In this paper we study how their
dynamics is affected by the nature of the bulk evolution of
the QCD matter, the initial condition of the system, and the
treatment of elementary interactions between heavy quarks
and the surrounding medium. For the same initial condition
and the same quark-gluon plasma (QGP) expansion scenario we
discuss the consequences of the assumption of a local
equilibrium by comparing the consequences for the nuclear
modification factor RAA and the elliptic flows of charm
quarks, scrutinizing the different components of the final
distribution of charm quarks. For this purpose we employ the
parton-hadron-string dynamics (PHSD) model, which is an
off-shell microscopic transport approach, as well as the
linearized-Boltzmann (LB) scheme obtained by coarse graining
the PHSD bulk and assuming local equilibrium for the
interactions of the charm quarks with the bulk. The RAA of
charm quarks stemming from the later LB approach is also
compared to a genuine fluid dynamics evolution initiated by
the coarse grained PHSD, which allows us to further assess
the consequences of reducing the full n-body dynamics. We
then proceed to a systematic comparison of PHSD (in its LB
approximation) with MC@HQ, another transport model for heavy
flavors which also relies on the LB approach. In particular,
we investigate the consequences for the nuclear modification
factor of charm quarks if we vary separately the initial
heavy quark distribution function in matter, the expansion
dynamics of the QGP, and the elementary interactions of
heavy quarks of these models. We find that the results for
both models vary significantly depending on the details of
the calculation. However, both models achieve very similar
predictions for key heavy quark observables for certain
combinations of initial condition, bulk evolution, and
interactions. We conclude that this ambiguity limits our
ability to determine the different properties of the system
based on the current set of observables.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.101.044903},
Key = {fds349997}
}
@article{fds245411,
Author = {Bravina, LV and Zabrodin, EE and Bleicher, M and Bass, SA and Brandstetter, M and Faessler, A and Fuchs, C and Greiner, W and Gorenstein, MI and Soff, S and Stöcker, H},
Title = {Transition to resonance-rich matter in heavy-ion collisions
at RHIC energies},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {421-426},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0010088},
Abstract = {The equilibration of hot and dense nuclear matter produced
in the central region in central Au + Au collisions at √s
= 200 A GeV is studied within the microscopic transport
model UrQMD. The pressure here becomes isotropic at t ≈ 5
fm c-1. Within the next 15 fm c-1 the expansion of the
matter proceeds almost isentropically with the entropy per
baryon ratio S/A ≈ 150. During this period the equation of
state in the (P, ε)-plane has a very simple form, P =
0.15ε. Comparison with the statistical model (SM) of an
ideal hadron gas reveals that the time of ≈ 20 fm c-1 may
be too short to attain the fully equilibrated state. In
particular, the fractions of resonances are overpopulated in
contrast with the SM values. The creation of such a
long-lived resonance-rich state slows down the relaxation to
chemical equilibrium and can be detected
experimentally.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/27/3/321},
Key = {fds245411}
}
@article{fds245298,
Author = {Qin, GY and Petersen, H and Bass, SA and Müller,
B},
Title = {Translation of collision geometry fluctuations into momentum
anisotropies in relativistic heavy-ion collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1009.1847},
Abstract = {We develop a systematic framework for the study of the
initial collision geometry fluctuations in relativistic
heavy-ion collisions and investigate how they evolve through
different stages of the fireball history and translate into
final-particle momentum anisotropies. We find in our
event-by-event analysis that only the few lowest momentum
anisotropy parameters survive after the hydrodynamical
evolution of the system. The geometry of the produced medium
is found to be affected by the pre-equilibrium evolution of
the medium and the thermal smearing of the discretized
event-by-event initial conditions, both of which tend to
smear out the spatial anisotropies. We find such effects to
be more prominent for higher moments than for lower moments.
The correlations between odd and even spatial anisotropy
parameters during the pre-equilibrium expansion are
quantitatively studied and found to be small. Our study
provides a theoretical foundation for the understanding of
initial-state fluctuations and the collective expansion
dynamics in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. © 2010 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.82.064903},
Key = {fds245298}
}
@article{fds336439,
Author = {Srivastava, DK and Chatterjee, R and Bass, SA},
Title = {Transport dynamics of parton interactions in pp collisions
at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron
Collider},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {97},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.064910},
Abstract = {We investigate the transport dynamics of partons in
proton-proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
using a Boltzmann transport approach, the Parton Cascade
Model (PCM). The calculations include semihard perturbative
quantum chromodynamics interaction of partons populating the
nucleons and provide a space-time description of the
collision in terms of cascading partons undergoing
scatterings and fragmentations. Parton production and number
of collisions rise rapidly with an increase in the center of
mass energy of the collision. For a given center of mass
energy, the number of parton interactions is seen to rise
stronger than linear with decreasing impact parameter before
saturating for very central collisions. The strangeness
enhancement factor γs for the semihard processes is found
to rise rapidly and saturate towards the highest collision
energies. Overall, our study indicates a significant amount
of partonic interactions in proton-proton collisions, which
supports the observation of fluid-like behavior for high
multiplicity proton-proton collisions observed in the
experiments.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.97.064910},
Key = {fds336439}
}
@article{fds245305,
Author = {Shin, GR and Bass, SA and Müller, B},
Title = {Transport theoretical description of collisional energy loss
in infinite quark-gluon matter},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {10},
Pages = {105112-105112},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2010},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/0954-3899/37/10/105112/},
Abstract = {We study the time evolution of a high-momentum gluon or
quark propagating through an infinite, thermalized, partonic
medium utilizing a Boltzmann equation approach. We calculate
the collisional energy loss of the parton, study its
temperature and flavor dependence as well as the momentum
broadening incurred through multiple interactions. Our
transport calculations agree well with analytic calculations
of collisional energy loss where available, but offer the
unique opportunity to address the medium response as well in
a consistent fashion. © 2010 IOP Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/37/10/105112},
Key = {fds245305}
}
@article{fds245253,
Author = {Bass, SA and Nonaka, C},
Title = {Transport theory for RHIC},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {870},
Pages = {699-702},
Publisher = {AIP},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0094-243X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2402733},
Abstract = {We present the results of a novel macroscopic/microscopic
hybrid model, using a fully 3D non-boostinvariant
hydrodynamic calculation for the deconfined phase coupled
with with a non-equilibrium microscopic transport model
(UrQMD) for the hadronic phase at RHIC. Advantages of this
novel approach compared to pure hydrodynamics include the
treatment of viscous effects in the hadronic phase as well
as a fully self-consistent calculation of the hadronic
freeze-out. © 2006 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.2402733},
Key = {fds245253}
}
@booklet{Bass95,
Author = {Bass, SA and Hartnack, C and Stöcker, H and Greiner,
W},
Title = {Transverse energy dependence of neutron squeeze-out in
relativistic heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei},
Volume = {352},
Number = {2},
Pages = {171-174},
Publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0939-7922},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01298904},
Abstract = {We present a microscopic calculation of neutron squeeze-out
in relativistic heavy ion collisions at beam energies
betweeen 400 and 1000 MeV/nucleon. After demonstrating the
importance of the correct isospin treatment for the neutron
to proton ratio, our main emphasis is put on the
investigation of the properties of neutron squeeze-out. The
squeeze-out ratio increases monotonously with the transverse
momentum of the neutrons. This ratio is independent of the
incident beam energy if plotted versus pt/pproj. Most
importantly, we observe a strong dependence on the nuclear
equation of state and momentum dependent interaction. ©
1995 Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01298904},
Key = {Bass95}
}
@article{fds245347,
Author = {Bass, SA and Müller, B and Srivastava, DK},
Title = {Transverse momentum distribution of net baryon number at
RHIC},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {10},
Pages = {L51-L58},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0307027},
Abstract = {We calculate the transverse momentum distribution of net
quarks (quarks minus antiquarks) in Au+Au collisions at the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in the framework of the
parton cascade model at two different rapidities. Parton
re-scattering and fragmentation are seen to lead to a
substantial difference in the slopes of these distributions
between mid- and forward-rapidities, in qualitative
agreement with the corresponding data for the net baryon
distribution.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/29/10/101},
Key = {fds245347}
}
@article{fds245249,
Author = {Bleicher, M and Bandyopadhyay, D and Bratkovskaya, EL and Reiter, M and Soff, S and Stöcker, H and van Leeuwen, M and Bass, SA and Cassing,
W},
Title = {Transverse pressure in relativistic nuclear collisions:
Evidence for partonic interactions?},
Journal = {Acta Physica Hungarica, Series A: Heavy Ion
Physics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {181-188},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1219-7580},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/APH.24.2005.1-4.25},
Abstract = {Transverse hadron spectra from proton-proton, proton-nucleus
and nucleus-nucleus collisions from 2 A·GeV to 21.3 A·TeV
are investigated within two independent transport approaches
(HSD and UrQMD). For central Au+Au (Pb+Pb) collisions at
energies above Elab ∼ 5 A·GeV, the measured K±
transverse mass spectra have a larger inverse slope
parameter than expected from the default calculations. The
additional pressure - as supported by lattice QCD
calculations at finite quark chemical potential μq and
temperature T - might be generated by strong interactions in
the early pre-hadronic/partonic phase of central Au+Au
(Pb+Pb) collisions [1]. © 2005 Akadémiai Kiadó,
Budapest.},
Doi = {10.1556/APH.24.2005.1-4.25},
Key = {fds245249}
}
@article{fds152134,
Author = {M. Asakawa and S.A. Bass and B. Mueller and C.
Nonaka},
Title = {Transverse Rapidity Dependence of the Proton-Antiproton
Ratio as a Signature of the QCD Critical
Endpoint},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {101},
Pages = {122302},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e122302},
Key = {fds152134}
}
@article{fds245313,
Author = {Asakawa, M and Bass, SA and Müller, B and Nonaka,
C},
Title = {Transverse velocity dependence of the proton-antiproton
ratio as a signature of the QCD critical
point.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {101},
Number = {12},
Pages = {122302},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.101.122302},
Abstract = {The presence of a critical point in the QCD phase diagram
can deform the trajectories describing the evolution of the
expanding fireball in the mu_B-T phase diagram. If the
average emission time of hadrons is a function of transverse
velocity, as microscopic simulations of the hadronic
freeze-out dynamics suggest, the deformation of the
hydrodynamic trajectories will change the transverse
velocity (beta_T) dependence of the proton-antiproton ratio
when the fireball passes in the vicinity of the critical
point. An unusual beta_T dependence of the [over]p/p ratio
in a narrow beam energy window would thus signal the
presence of the critical point.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.101.122302},
Key = {fds245313}
}
@article{fds245304,
Author = {Petersen, H and Qin, GY and Bass, SA and Müller,
B},
Title = {Triangular flow in event-by-event ideal hydrodynamics in
Au+Au collisions at √SNN = 200A GeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {4},
Pages = {041901},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/4268 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The first calculation of triangular flow ν3 in Au+Au
collisions at √sNN = 200A GeV from an event-by-event (3 +
1) d transport+hydrodynamics hybrid approach is presented.
As a response to the initial triangularity Ie{cyrillic,
ukrainian}3 of the collision zone, ν3 is computed in a
similar way to the standard event-plane analysis for
elliptic flow ν2. It is found that the triangular flow
exhibits weak centrality dependence and is roughly equal to
elliptic flow in most central collisions. We also explore
the transverse momentum and rapidity dependence of ν2 and
ν3 for charged particles as well as identified particles.
We conclude that an event-by-event treatment of the ideal
hydrodynamic evolution startingwith realistic initial
conditions generates the main features expected for
triangular flow. © 2010 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.82.041901},
Key = {fds245304}
}
@article{fds245268,
Author = {Petersen, H and Placa, RL and Bass, SA},
Title = {Triangular flow in relativstic heavy ion collisions in an
event-by-event hybrid approach},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {1441},
Pages = {777-779},
Publisher = {AIP},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0094-243X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3700677},
Abstract = {Triangular flow has been shown to be an interesting new
observable to gain insights about the properties of hot and
dense strongly interacting matter as it is produced in heavy
ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. The potential of triangular
flow for constraining the initial state granularity is
explored by performing an explicit calculation of the
triangularity and the final state anisotropic flow for
initial states that exhibit different amounts of
fluctuations. We present triangular flow results for Au+Au
collisions at the highest RHIC energy calculated in a hybrid
approach that includes a non-equilibrium initial evolution
and an ideal hydrodynamic expansion with a hadronic
afterburner in 3+1 dimensions. Triangular flow results for
Pb+Pb collisions at LHC energies employing the same
parameters that work at RHIC are compared to ALICE data. In
addition, by comparing the hybrid approach calculation with
a pure transport approach, the influence of viscosity is
studied. © 2012 American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3700677},
Key = {fds245268}
}
@article{fds245282,
Author = {Ardouin, D and Soff, S and Spieles, C and Bass, SA and Stöcker, H and Gourio, D and Schramm, S and Greiner, C and Lednicky, R and Lyuboshitz,
VL and Coffin, JP and Kühn, C},
Title = {Unlike particle correlations and the strange quark matter
distillation process},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {446},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {191-196},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0370-2693},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01566-4},
Abstract = {We present a new technique for observing the strange quark
matter distillation process based on unlike particle
correlations. A simulation is presented based on the
scenario of a two-phase thermodynamical evolution mode. ©
1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01566-4},
Key = {fds245282}
}
@article{fds245300,
Author = {Song, H and Bass, SA and Heinz, UW},
Title = {Viscous QCD matter in a hybrid hydrodynamic+Boltzmann
approach},
Journal = {Physical Review},
Volume = {C83},
Number = {2},
Pages = {024912},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1012.0555},
Abstract = {A hybrid transport approach for the bulk evolution of
viscous QCD matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion
collisions is presented. The expansion of the dense
deconfined phase of the reaction is modeled with viscous
hydrodynamics, while the dilute late hadron gas stage is
described microscopically by the Boltzmann equation. The
advantages of such a hybrid approach lie in the improved
capability of handling large dissipative corrections in the
late dilute phase of the reaction, including a realistic
treatment of the nonequilibrium hadronic chemistry and
kinetic freeze-out. By varying the switching temperature at
which the hydrodynamic output is converted to particles for
further propagation with the Boltzmann cascade we test the
ability of the macroscopic hydrodynamic approach to emulate
the microscopic evolution during the hadronic stage and
extract the temperature dependence of the effective shear
viscosity of the hadron resonance gas produced in the
collision. We find that the extracted values depend on the
prior hydrodynamic history and hence do not represent
fundamental transport properties of the hadron resonance
gas. We conclude that viscous fluid dynamics does not
provide a faithful description of hadron resonance gas
dynamics with predictive power, and that both components of
the hybrid approach are needed for a quantitative
description of the fireball expansion and its freeze-out. ©
2011 American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.83.024912},
Key = {fds245300}
}
@article{fds332350,
Author = {Hao, L and Healey, CG and Bass, SA and Yu, HY},
Title = {Visualizing static ensembles for effective shape and data
comparison},
Journal = {IS and T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging
Science and Technology},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2016.1.vda-509},
Abstract = {Ensembles are large, multidimensional, multivariate datasets
generated in areas like physical and natural science to
study real-world phenomena. Simulations or experiments are
run repeatedly with slightly different initial parameters,
producing members of the ensemble. The need to compare data
and spatial properties, both within an individual member and
across multiple members, makes analysis challenging. Initial
visualization techniques focused on ensembles with a limited
number of members. Others generated overviews of larger
ensembles, but at the expense of aggregating potentially
important details. We propose an approach that combines
these two directions by automatically clustering members in
ways that help scientists locate interesting subsets, then
visualize members within the subset. Our ensemble
visualization technique includes: (1) octree comparison and
clustering to generate a hierarchical level-of-detail
overview of inter-member shape and data similarity; (2) a
glyph-based visualization of an ensemble member; and (3) a
method of combining multiple glyph visualizations to
highlight similarities and differences in shape and data
values across a subset of ensemble members. We apply our
approach to a Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ensemble
collected by nuclear physics col- leagues at Duke University
studying quantum chromo-dynamics. Our system allows the
physicists to interactively choose when to explore
inter-member relationships, and when to visualize
fine-grained details in individual member
datasets.},
Doi = {10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2016.1.vda-509},
Key = {fds332350}
}
@article{fds245291,
Author = {Bass, SA},
Title = {What do we know about the viscosity of QCD
matter?},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {862-863},
Number = {1},
Pages = {174-179},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2011.05.037},
Abstract = {This article provides an overview over the current state of
knowledge regarding the viscosity of QCD matter and on its
extraction via ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at
the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. © 2011 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2011.05.037},
Key = {fds245291}
}
@article{fds245330,
Author = {Bass, SA},
Title = {What do we learn from strangeness at RHIC?},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {6},
Pages = {S733-S740},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/31/6/014},
Abstract = {I discuss strangeness as a tool for studying the reaction
and hadronization dynamics of relativistic heavy-ion
collisions at RHIC. In particular, I focus on quark-number
scaling of elliptic flow as a tool to determine the nature
of hadronization as well as to quantify the amount of
collective flow the strange quarks carry and discuss the use
of (multi-)strange hadron radial flow and interferometry for
characterizing the collective expansion and emitting source
dimensions of a hadronizing quark-gluon-plasma. © 2005 IOP
Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/31/6/014},
Key = {fds245330}
}
@article{fds245307,
Author = {Demir, N and Bass, SA},
Title = {η / s of a Relativistic Hadron Gas at RHIC: Approaching the
AdS/CFT bound?},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {830},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {733c-736c},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2009.10.120},
Abstract = {Ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic
Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) are thought to have produced a
state of matter called the quark-gluon plasma, characterized
by a very small shear-viscosity to entropy-density ratio η
/ s, near the lower bound predicted for that quantity by
AdS/CFT methods. As the produced matter expands and cools,
it evolves through a phase described by a hadron gas with
rapidly increasing η / s. We calculate η / s as a function
of temperature in this phase both in and out of chemical
equilibrium and find that its value poses a challenge for
viscous relativistic hydrodynamics, which requires small
values of η / s in order to successfully describe the
collective flow observables at RHIC. We therefore conclude
that the origin of the low viscosity matter at the RHIC must
be in the partonic phase of the reaction. © 2009 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2009.10.120},
Key = {fds245307}
}
%% Papers Accepted
@article{fds225580,
Author = {M. Asakawa and S.A. Bass and B. Mueller},
Title = {Center domains and their phenomenological consequences in
ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A.},
Year = {2014},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds225580}
}
@article{fds225579,
Author = {S. Cao and G.Y. Qin and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Dynamical Evolution, Hadronization and Angular
De-correlation of Heavy Flavor in a Hot and Dense QCD
Medium},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Year = {2014},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1404.1081},
Key = {fds225579}
}
@article{fds225581,
Author = {S. Cao and G.Y. Qin and S.A. Bass},
Title = {Heavy Flavor Dynamics in QGP and Hadron Gas},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Year = {2014},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1408.0503},
Key = {fds225581}
}
@article{fds225582,
Author = {M. Nahrgang and J. Aichelin and S.A. Bass and P.B. Gossiaux and K.
Werner},
Title = {Heavy-flavor observables at RHIC and LHC},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Year = {2014},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1409.1464},
Key = {fds225582}
}
%% Papers Submitted
@article{fds220608,
Author = {H. Song and S.A. Bass and U.W. Heinz},
Title = {Spectra and elliptic flow for identified hadrons in 2.76 A
TeV Pb+Pb collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Year = {2013},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1311.0157},
Key = {fds220608}
}
@article{fds220307,
Author = {M. Younus and C.E. Coleman-Smith and S.A. Bass and D.K.
Srivastava},
Title = {Systematic Study of Charm Quark Energy Loss Using Parton
Cascade Model},
Journal = {submitted to Phys. Rev. C},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1309.1276},
Key = {fds220307}
}
%% Preprints
@article{fds368109,
Author = {Ehlers, R and Angerami, A and Arora, R and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Du, L and Dai, T and Elfner, H and Fan, W and Fries, RJ and Gale, C and He, Y and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Ji,
Y and Kasper, L and Ke, W and Kelsey, M and II, MK and Kumar, A and Latessa,
J and Lee, Y-J and Liyanage, D and Lopez, A and Luzum, M and Mak, S and Majumder, A and Mankolli, A and Martin, C and Mehryar, H and Mengel, T and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Sengupta, A and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soeder, D and Soltz, RA and Soudi, I and Staudenmaier, J and Strickland, M and Tachibana, Y and Velkovska, J and Vujanovic, G and Wang, X-N and Wolpert, RL and Zhao, W},
Title = {Bayesian analysis of QGP jet transport using multi-scale
modeling applied to inclusive hadron and reconstructed jet
data},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds368109}
}
@article{fds368116,
Author = {Cao, S and Chen, Y and Coleman, J and Mulligan, J and Jacobs, PM and Soltz,
RA and Angerami, A and Arora, R and Bass, SA and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Everett, D and Fan, W and Fries, RJ and Gale, C and Garza, F and He, Y and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jeon, S and Ke, W and Kim, B and Kordell, M and Kumar, A and Majumder, A and Mak, S and McNelis, M and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Park, C and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Silva, A and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Sirimanna, C and Tachibana, Y and Vujanovic, G and Wang, X-N and Wolpert, RL and Xu,
Y},
Title = {Determining the jet transport coefficient $\hat{q}$ from
inclusive hadron suppression measurements using Bayesian
parameter estimation},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds368116}
}
@article{fds368115,
Author = {Mulligan, J and Angerami, A and Arora, R and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Chen,
Y and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Everett, D and Fan, W and Fries, R and Gale, C and Garza, F and He, Y and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon,
S and Ke, W and Kim, B and II, MK and Kumar, A and Liyanage, D and Luzum, M and Majumder, A and Mak, S and McNelis, M and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko,
D and Park, C and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke,
B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz,
RA and Tachibana, Y and Vujanovic, G and Wang, X-N and Wolpert, RL and Xu,
Y},
Title = {Determining the jet transport coefficient $\hat{q}$ of the
quark-gluon plasma using Bayesian parameter
estimation},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds368115}
}
@article{fds368111,
Author = {Paquet, J-F and Bass, SA},
Title = {Electromagnetic measurement of the temperature of
quark-gluon plasma produced in central ultrarelativistic
nuclear collisions},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds368111}
}
@article{fds368113,
Author = {Kumar, A and Tachibana, Y and Sirimanna, C and Vujanovic, G and Cao, S and Majumder, A and Chen, Y and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Everett, D and Fan, W and He, Y and Mulligan, J and Park, C and Angerami, A and Arora, R and Bass,
SA and Dai, T and Elfner, H and Fries, RJ and Gale, C and Garza, F and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kauder, K and Kasper, L and Ke, W and Kelsey, M and Kim, B and II, MK and Latessa, J and Lee, Y-J and Liyanage, D and Lopez, A and Luzum, M and Mak,
S and Mankolli, A and Martin, C and Mehryar, H and Mengel, T and Nattrass,
C and Oliinychenko, D and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Sengupta, A and Shen, C and Silva, A and Soeder, D and Soltz, RA and Staudenmaier, J and Strickland, M and Velkovska, J and Wang, X-N and Wolpert, RL},
Title = {Inclusive jet and hadron suppression in a multistage
approach},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds368113}
}
@article{fds368110,
Author = {collaboration, JETSCAPE and Fan, W and Vujanovic, G and Bass, SA and Majumder, A and Angerami, A and Arora, R and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Fries, RJ and Gale, C and He, Y and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Ji,
Y and Kauder, K and Kasper, L and Ke, W and Kelsey, M and II, MK and Kumar, A and Latessa, J and Lee, Y-J and Liyanage, D and Lopez, A and Luzum, M and Mak,
S and Mankolli, A and Martin, C and Mehryar, H and Mengel, T and Mulligan,
J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Paquet, J-F and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Sengupta, A and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soeder, D and Soltz, RA and Soudi, I and Staudenmaier, J and Strickland, M and Tachibana, Y and Velkovska, J and Wang, X-N and Wolpert, RL and Zhao, W},
Title = {Multi-scale evolution of charmed particles in a nuclear
medium},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds368110}
}
@article{fds368145,
Author = {Oliva, L and Fan, W and Moreau, P and Bass, SA and Bratkovskaya,
E},
Title = {Nonequilibrium effects and transverse spherocity in
ultra-relativistic proton-nucleus collisions},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds368145}
}
@article{fds368117,
Author = {Fan, W and Vujanovic, G and Angerami, A and Bass, SA and Cao, S and Chen,
Y and Coleman, J and Cunqueiro, L and Dai, T and Du, L and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Everett, D and Fries, R and Gale, C and Garza, F and He, Y and Heffernan, M and Heinz, U and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Ke,
W and Khalaj, E and Kim, B and II, MK and Kumar, A and Liyanage, D and Luo, T and Luzum, M and Majumder, A and McNelis, M and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Oliinychenko, D and Pang, LG and Park, C and Paquet, J-F and Putschke,
JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Shen, C and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Tachibana, Y and Wang, X-N and Wolpert,
RL and Xu, Y},
Title = {Probing the multi-scale dynamical interaction between heavy
quarks and the QGP using JETSCAPE},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds368117}
}
@article{fds368108,
Author = {Almaalol, D and Hippert, M and Noronha-Hostler, J and Noronha, J and Speranza, E and Basar, G and Bass, S and Cebra, D and Dexheimer, V and Keane, D and Radhakrishnan, S and Sheikh, AI and Strickland, M and Tsang, CY and Dong, X and Koch, V and Odyniec, G and Xu, N and Geurts, F and Hofman, D and Stephanov, M and Wilks, G and Ye, ZY and Huang, HZ and Wang,
G and Jia, JY and Li, HS and Wang, FQ and Liao, JF and Lisa, M and McLerran,
L and Sorensen, A and Plumberg, C and Mukherjee, S and Pisarski, R and Schenke, B and Xu, ZB and Pratt, S and Ratti, C and Rapp, R and Vovchenko,
V and Schäfer, T and Seto, R and Shen, C},
Title = {QCD Phase Structure and Interactions at High Baryon Density:
Continuation of BES Physics Program with CBM at
FAIR},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds368108}
}
@article{fds368114,
Author = {Everett, D and Oliinychenko, D and Luzum, M and Paquet, J-F and Vujanovic, G and Bass, SA and Du, L and Gale, C and Heffernan, M and Heinz,
U and Kasper, L and Ke, W and Liyanage, D and Majumder, A and Mankolli, A and Shen, C and Soeder, D and Velkovska, J and Angerami, A and Arora, R and Cao, S and Chen, Y and Dai, T and Ehlers, R and Elfner, H and Fan, W and Fries, RJ and Garza, F and He, Y and Jacak, BV and Jacobs, PM and Jeon, S and Kelsey, M and II, MK and Kumar, A and Latessa, J and Lee, Y-J and Lopez, A and Mak, S and Martin, C and Mehryar, H and Mengel, T and Mulligan, J and Nattrass, C and Putschke, JH and Roland, G and Schenke, B and Schwiebert, L and Silva, A and Sirimanna, C and Soltz, RA and Staudenmaier, J and Strickland, M and Tachibana, Y and Wang, X-N and Wolpert, RL},
Title = {Role of bulk viscosity in deuteron production in
ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds368114}
}
@article{fds225577,
Author = {C. Shen and Z. Qiu and H. Song and J. Bernhard and S.A. Bass and U.
Heinz},
Title = {The iEBE-VISHNU code package for relativistic heavy-ion
collisions},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1409.8164},
Key = {fds225577}
}
%% Other
@misc{fds28286,
Title = {Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on
Strangeness in Quark Matter , SQM 2003, March 12-17
2003},
Journal = {J. Phys. G.},
Volume = {30},
Pages = {1-632},
Editor = {S.A. Bass and B. Mueller and G.S.F. Stephans and T.
Ullrich},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds28286}
}
@misc{fds42902,
Title = {Proceedings, Workshop for Young Scientists on the Physics of
Ultrarelativistic Nucleus Nucleus Collisions (Hot Quarks
2004)},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {S1-S619},
Editor = {F. Antinori and S.A. Bass and R. Bellwied and T. Ullrich and J.
Velkovska and U.A. Wiedemann},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds42902}
}