%%
@article{fds311477,
Author = {DAVE, JH and GOULD, CR and SEAGONDOLLAR, LW and GLENDENNING, SG and HOWELL, CR and PEDRONI, RS and PURSER, FO and WALTER,
RL},
Title = {NEUTRON ELASTIC-SCATTERING FROM 1P-SHELL NUCLEI BETWEEN
10-15 MEV},
Journal = {BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {551-551},
Publisher = {AMER INST PHYSICS},
Year = {1981},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-0503},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1981LG91200140&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311477}
}
@article{fds311478,
Author = {FLOYD, CE and GUSS, PP and TUNGATE, G and BYRD, RC and MURPHY, K and HOWELL, CR and WENDER, SA and WALTER, RL},
Title = {ACCURATE FORWARD ANGLE MEASUREMENTS WITH POLAR
NEUTRONS},
Journal = {BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {623-624},
Publisher = {AMER INST PHYSICS},
Year = {1981},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-0503},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1981LG91200596&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311478}
}
@article{fds246645,
Author = {Howell, CR and Walter, RL},
Title = {SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENTS OF ANALYZING POWERS AND
DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTIONS FOR n plus **2**8Si.},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science},
Volume = {NS-30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1132-1135},
Year = {1982},
Abstract = {Scattering experiments conducted with beams of polarized
neutrons give special information about the spin sensitive
part of the neutron-nucleus interaction. Carefully
controlled measurements of the analyzing power for the
scattering of polarized neutron beams can also give accurate
values for the more conventional observable, the
differential cross section. An attempt is made to obtain
both from an experiment originally intended to determine
only the analyzing power function. As a test the data are
compared to cross sections measured in a conventional
neutron scattering experiment.},
Key = {fds246645}
}
@booklet{Guss82,
Author = {Guss, PP and Floyd, CE and Murphy, K and Howell, CR and Pedroni, RS and Honore, GM and Pfutzner, HG and Tungate, G and Byrd, RC and Walter, RL and Delaroche, JP},
Title = {Spin-orbit deformations deduced from analyzing powers for
inelastic neutron scattering from Fe54, Fe56, Ni58, Ni60,
Sn120, and Pb208},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {25},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2854-2857},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1982},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.25.2854},
Abstract = {Analyzing powers Ay() for inelastic scattering of 10-MeV
neutrons to the first excited states of Fe54, Fe56, Ni58,
Ni60, Sn120, and Pb208 have been measured at a few selected
angles. These data were analyzed using a coupled channels
code in which the full Thomas form of the spin-orbit
potential is assumed. The magnitudes of the observed
spin-orbit deformations, which were found to be similar to
those of (p,p) in each case, contradict recent suggestions
based on microscopic nuclear structure considerations.
NUCLEAR REACTIONS Fe54,56, Ni58,60, Sn120, Pb208(n,n) En=10
MeV; measured Ay(); deduced soc. © 1982 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.25.2854},
Key = {Guss82}
}
@booklet{Floyd82,
Author = {Floyd, CE and Guss, PP and Murphy, K and Howell, CR and Byrd, RC and Tungate, G and Wender, SA and Walter, RL and Clegg,
TB},
Title = {Analyzing powers for neutron elastic scattering at forward
angles},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1682-1684},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1982},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.25.1682},
Abstract = {Accurate neutron analyzing powers have been obtained using a
new pulsed polarized neutron facility. Data are presented
for elastic scattering of 14-MeV neutrons from Ca40, Fe54,
Cu65, Sn120, and Pb208 between 18°and 36°. Our data
exhibit no evidence for the anomalously large values which
were reported previously at 20°. NUCLEAR REACTIONS Ca40,
Fe54, Cu65, Sn120, Pb208(n→,n), E=14.0 MeV; measured
Ay(θ), θ=18°-36A° compared to previous py; 1982 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.25.1682},
Key = {Floyd82}
}
@booklet{Tornow82,
Author = {Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Byrd, RC and Pedroni, RS and Walter,
RL},
Title = {Analyzing power measurements for (H2(npol,n)H2) scattering
at 10 MeV compared to few-nucleon calculations and data for
(H2(ppol,p)H2) scattering},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {49},
Number = {5},
Pages = {312-315},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1982},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.312},
Abstract = {The analyzing power Ay() for scattering of neutrons from
deuterons at 10 MeV for 30°to 145°(c.m.) was measured to
an accuracy better than 0.005. The results are compared to
published p-d data at 10 MeV, and convincing differences are
noted for the first time. These differences provide a
sensitive test both of calculations for the three-nucleon
system and, more importantly, of the fundamental
nucleon-nucleon interaction. © 1982 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.312},
Key = {Tornow82}
}
@booklet{Dave82,
Author = {Dave, JH and Gould, CR and Seagondollar, LW and Howell, CR and Pedroni,
RS and Purser, FO and Walter, RL},
Title = {NEUTRON ELASTIC AND INELASTIC SCATTERING CROSS SECTIONS FOR
CARBON-13 BETWEEN 10 AND 18 Mev.},
Journal = {Nuclear Science and Engineering},
Volume = {80},
Number = {3},
Pages = {388-392},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1982},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/NSE82-A19823},
Abstract = {Fast neutron scattering cross sections have been measured
for **1**3C. Angular distributions for elastic scattering
over an angular range from 20 to 155 deg are presented for
incident neutron energies of 9. 97, 11. 96, 13. 94, 15. 94,
and 17. 92 Mev. Inelastic scattering data were obtained at
9. 97 Mev for states at excitation energy 3. 09 Mev and for
the unresolved states at 3. 68 and 3. 85 Mev. The data were
corrected for finite sample and source effects using a Monte
Carlo simulation. Legendre polynomial coefficients for
angular distributions and optical model fits to the elastic
scattering data are reported.},
Doi = {10.13182/NSE82-A19823},
Key = {Dave82}
}
@booklet{Howell82,
Author = {Howell, CR and Wender, SA},
Title = {A linear voltage ramp generator for a three stage bunching
system},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods},
Volume = {195},
Number = {3},
Pages = {443-446},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1982},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0029-554X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-554X(82)90003-9},
Abstract = {A circuit capable of modulating the energy of a beam oor use
with a three-stage bunching system has been designed and
tested. This circuit charges up the anode of a duoplasmatron
ion source through a resistor and discharges it through high
power FETs at repetition rates of 4 MHz or 2 MHz. This new
design represents an improvement over previous circuits in
simplicity, reliability, and performance. ©
1982.},
Doi = {10.1016/0029-554X(82)90003-9},
Key = {Howell82}
}
@booklet{Tornow83,
Author = {Tornow, W and Byrd, RC and Howell, CR and Pedroni, RS and Walter,
RL},
Title = {Measurements of analyzing power for H2(n, n)H2 scattering at
14.1 MeV and comparisons to H2(p, p)H2},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {27},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2439-2442},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.27.2439},
Abstract = {Data for the analyzing power Ay() for the elastic scattering
of neutrons from deuterons have been measured at 14.1 MeV
for the range from 30°to 153°(c.m.) to accuracies between
0.003 and 0.006. The results are compared to previous n-d
data at 14 MeV and are in significant disagreement with the
most recent measurement. The present data are in excellent
agreement with a Faddeev calculation by Doleschall. The data
are also very similar to p-d scattering data at 14.1 MeV,
although systematic deviations are observed at forward
angles and near the maximum of Ay() at 130°. Recent
calculations indicate that Coulomb effects can explain most
of these differences, although some features will require
further investigation. NUCLEAR REACTIONS H2(n, n)H2, E=14.1
MeV; measured Ay(), compared to H2(p, p)H2, compared to
Faddeev calculations. © 1983 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.27.2439},
Key = {Tornow83}
}
@booklet{Howell83,
Author = {Howell, CR},
Title = {Simultaneous measurements of analyzing powers and
differential cross sections for N+28Si},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1132-1135},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0018-9499},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1983QK12300070&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Scattering experiments conducted with beams of polarized
neutrons give special information about the spin sensitive
part of the neutron-nucleus interaction. Carefully
controlled measurements of the analyzing power A(θ) for the
scattering of polarized neutron beams can also give accurate
values for the more conventional observable, the
differential cross section σ(θ). The present paper focuses
on an attempt to obtain σ(θ) values for 28Si(n, n) from an
experiment originally intended to determine only the
function A(θ). As a test the data are compared to cross
sections measured in a conventional neutron scattering
experiment. Copyright © 1983 by The Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1109/TNS.1983.4332471},
Key = {Howell83}
}
@booklet{Guss85,
Author = {P. P. Guss and R. C. Byrd and C. E. Floyd and C. R. Howell and K. Murphy and G. Tungate and R. S. Pedroni and R. L.
Walter and J. P. Delaroche and T. B. Clegg},
Title = {Cross-sections and analyzing powers for fast-neutron
scattering to the ground and 1st excited-states of ni-58 and
ni-60},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {438},
Number = {1},
Pages = {187 -- 211},
Year = {1985},
Key = {Guss85}
}
@booklet{Delaroche85,
Author = {DELAROCHE, JP and GUSS, PP and HONORE, GM and HOWELL, CR and WALTER, RL and LARSON, DC and HETRICK, DM and HARVEY, JA},
Title = {ENERGY-DEPENDENCE OF THE LOCAL OPTICAL-POTENTIAL FOR
NEUTRON-NUCLEUS SCATTERING},
Journal = {AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS},
Number = {124},
Pages = {310-311},
Publisher = {AMER INST PHYSICS},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
Key = {Delaroche85}
}
@booklet{Howell85,
Author = {HOWELL, CR},
Title = {SCATTERING OF POLARIZED AND UNPOLARIZED NEUTRONS FROM SI-28
AND S-32},
Journal = {AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS},
Number = {124},
Pages = {72-89},
Publisher = {AMER INST PHYSICS},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
Key = {Howell85}
}
@article{fds246779,
Author = {Guss, PP and Byrd, RC and Floyd, CE and Howell, CR and Murphy, K and Tungate, G and Pedroni, RS and Walter, RL and Delaroche, JP and Clegg,
TB},
Title = {Cross sections and analyzing powers for fast-neutron
scattering to the ground and first excited states of
58Ni and 60Ni},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics, Section A},
Volume = {438},
Number = {1},
Pages = {187-211},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1985},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(85)90124-1},
Abstract = {Differential cross sections for neutron scattering from 58Ni
and 60Ni to the ground state and first excited state have
been measured at 8, 10, 12 and 14 MeV. In addition,
analyzing powers were measured for scattering to the same
states for 58Ni at 10 and 14 MeV, and for 60Ni at 10 MeV.
The data were analyzed in the framework of a coupled-channel
formalism in which the vibrational model was assumed with
deformed central and spin-orbit potentials. A
spherical-optical-model analysis of the elastic scattering
data was also performed following the coupled-channel
analysis. Predictions for (p, p) and (p, p') scattering
observables have been made and compared with measurements
previously published. This approach permits neutron and
proton deformation parameters to be deduced similarly from
(n, n') and (p, p') scattering measurements for 58,60Ni.
These deformation parameters are compared in the framework
of the core-polarization model of Madsen, Brown and
Anderson. © 1985.},
Doi = {10.1016/0375-9474(85)90124-1},
Key = {fds246779}
}
@booklet{Honore86a,
Author = {Honoré, GM and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Pedroni, RS and Byrd, RC and Walter, RL and Delaroche, JP},
Title = {Coupled-channel analysis of nucleon scattering from sup40Ca
up to 80 MeV.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1129-1140},
Year = {1986},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9953258},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.33.1129},
Key = {Honore86a}
}
@booklet{Honore86,
Author = {Honoré, GM and Pedroni, RS and Howell, CR and Pfützner, HG and Byrd,
RC and Tungate, G and Walter, RL},
Title = {Differential cross sections and analyzing powers for neutron
elastic scattering from 89Y between 8 and 17
MeV.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {3},
Pages = {825-834},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1986},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.34.825},
Abstract = {Differential cross sections and analyzing powers for neutron
elastic scattering from Y89 have been measured at energies
from 8 to 17 MeV using a neutron time-of-flight facility.
The data have been analyzed with the spherical optical model
and excellent representations are achieved at all energies
with the derived optical potential parameters, which were
constrained to vary linearly with energy. Comparisons have
been made to two previously reported global spherical
optical models as well. © 1986 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.34.825},
Key = {Honore86}
}
@booklet{Howell87,
Author = {Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Murphy, K and Pfützner, HG and Roberts,
ML and Li, A and Felsher, PD and Walter, RL and Šlaus, I and Treado, PA and Koike, Y},
Title = {Comparisons of vector analyzing-power data and calculations
for neutron-deuteron elastic scattering from 10 to 14
MeV},
Journal = {Few-Body Systems},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-32},
Publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc},
Year = {1987},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0177-7963},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01078989},
Abstract = {High-accuracy analyzing-power Ay(θ) data for n-d elastic
scattering at 12 MeV have been measured using the
polarized-neutron facilities at the Triangle Universities
Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL). The present data have been
combined with our previous n-d measurements at 10, 12, and
14.1 MeV to form the highest-accuracy Ay(θ) data set for
n-d elastic scattering below 20 MeV. These data are compared
to recent Faddeev-based neutron-deuteron (n-d) calculations
which use the Paris and Bonn equivalent separable potentials
PEST and BEST, as well as Doleschall's representation of the
P- and D-wave nucleon-nucleon interactions. None of these
models adequately describe the data in the angular region
around the maximum of Ay(θ). Possible reasons for the
discrepancies are discussed. The sensitivity of the present
Faddeev-based calculations to various angular momentum
components of the nucleon-nucleon interaction are examined.
© 1987 Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01078989},
Key = {Howell87}
}
@booklet{Tornow87,
Author = {Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Pfützner, HG and Roberts, ML and Felsher,
PD and Chen, ZM and Walter, RL},
Title = {Search for a purported resonance in 13C at 20 MeV via
analyzing power measurements of 12C(n,n).},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1578-1580},
Year = {1987},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9953937},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.35.1578},
Key = {Tornow87}
}
@booklet{Tornow88,
Author = {Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Roberts, ML and Felsher, PD and Chen, ZM and Walter, RL and Mertens, G and Slaus, I},
Title = {Low-energy neutron-proton analyzing power and the new Bonn
potential and Paris potential predictions.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2326-2331},
Year = {1988},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9954713},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.37.2326},
Key = {Tornow88}
}
@booklet{Howell88a,
Author = {Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Slaus, I and Felsher, PD and Roberts, ML and Pfützner, HG and Li, A and Murphy, K and Walter, RL and Lambert, JM and Treado, PA and Witala, H and Glöckle, W and Cornelius,
T},
Title = {Rigorous calculations and measurements of Ay( theta ) for
n+d elastic-scattering and breakup processes.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {61},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1565-1568},
Year = {1988},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10038838},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.61.1565},
Key = {Howell88a}
}
@booklet{Howell88,
Author = {Howell, CR and Pedroni, RS and Honoré, GM and Murphy, K and Byrd, RC and Tungate, G and Walter, RL},
Title = {Scattering of polarized and unpolarized nucleons from
28Si.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1552-1570},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1988},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.38.1552},
Abstract = {Measurements of the differential cross sections and
analyzing powers have been made for 28Si(n,n0) and
28Si(n,n1) for incident neutron energies between 8 and 17
MeV. These data have been combined with previous
differential and total cross-section data to obtain the most
complete data set for neutron scattering from Si28 over the
840 MeV energy range. The data have been described within
the framework of a symmetric rotational model using
phenomenological coupled-channels calculations. Nuclear
moments were deduced and they are in good agreement with
those obtained from electron scattering and Coulomb
excitation measurements. Various calculations were performed
to determine the sensitivity of the data and calculations to
the signs of the potential deformation parameters 2 and 4.
The systematic analysis of the analyzing power data enabled
the determination of the deformation length for the
spin-orbit potential. Comparisons between neutron- and
proton-scattering data and calculations were made to test
the sensitivity of this type of data to charge symmetry
breaking in the nuclear force and to investigate the isospin
dependence of the absorptive part of the nucleon-nucleus
scattering potential for Si28. The results of these
comparisons suggest that the differences between 28Si+n and
28Si+p scattering can be attributed solely to Coulomb
effects. © 1988 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.38.1552},
Key = {Howell88}
}
@booklet{Pedroni88,
Author = {Pedroni, RS and Howell, CR and Honoré, GM and Pfutzner, HG and Byrd,
RC and Walter, RL and Delaroche, JP},
Title = {Energy dependence of the deformed optical potential for
neutron scattering from 54,56Fe and 58,60Ni up to 80
MeV.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2052-2062},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1988},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.38.2052},
Abstract = {Angular distributions of the analyzing power Ay have been
measured for neutron elastic scattering and for neutron
inelastic scattering to the first 21+ states of 54,56Fe and
Ni58.60 at 10 MeV, and for Fe54 and Ni58 at 14 and 17 MeV.
The differential cross sections for the same processes were
measured at 17 MeV for Fe54 and Ni58. These measurements
have been combined with other measurements of and Ay and
also with total cross sections to form a sizable data set
for incident neutron energies up to 80 MeV. This data set
has been described in the context of the coupled channels
formalism to determine the energy dependences of the various
terms of the deformed optical potential. Some emphasis was
placed on investigating the magnitude of the deformation
parameter so of the neutron spin-orbit potential and the
possibility that it might be energy dependent. © 1988 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.38.2052},
Key = {Pedroni88}
}
@article{fds246646,
Author = {Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Pfutzner, HG and Roberts, ML and Felsher,
PD and Chen, ZM and Al Ohali and M and Weisel, GJ and Walter, RL and Naqvi,
AA},
Title = {Analysing power for 12C(n,n0,1)12C
and evaluation of n-12C scattering at 18.2
MeV},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-64},
Year = {1988},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0305-4616},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4616/14/1/009},
Abstract = {The analysing power Ay( theta ) for 12C(n,n) 12C elastic
scattering and for inelastic scattering to the first excited
state (Jpi=2+, Q=-4.44 MeV) of 12C was measured at 18.2 MeV.
A pulsed polarised neutron beam was produced via the
2H(d,n)3He polarisation transfer reaction. The A y data,
together with published cross sections, were analysed in the
framework of the spherical optical model and in the
coupled-channels formalism. A phase-shift analysis at 18.2
MeV gives supporting evidence for a broad 5/2+ resonance.
The 12C recoil kerma factors and values for the n+12C
reaction cross section were deduced and compared with
previous estimates and predictions.},
Doi = {10.1088/0305-4616/14/1/009},
Key = {fds246646}
}
@booklet{Guss89,
Author = {Guss, PP and Byrd, RC and Howell, CR and Pedroni, RS and Tungate, G and Walter, RL and Delaroche, JP},
Title = {Optical model description of the neutron interaction with
116Sn and 120Sn over a wide energy range.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {405-414},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1989},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.39.405},
Abstract = {Differential cross sections for neutron elastic scattering
and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ and 3- excited
states have been measured at 10, 14, and 17 MeV for Sn120
and at 10 and 14 MeV for Sn116. Analyzing powers have also
been measured at 10 and 14 MeV for elastic scattering from
both isotopes and at 10 MeV for inelastic scattering from
Sn120. These data have been analyzed in the framework of the
coupled-channels formalism for vibrational nuclei.
Previously reported neutron scattering measurements
performed below 25 MeV, along with total cross-section
measurements from 10 keV to 100 MeV, and s- and p-wave
strength functions were also considered in the analysis in
order to place additional constraints on the optical
potential parameters. Neutron scattering deformations have
been deduced for the quadrupole and octupole vibrations.
These deformations have been compared with those derived
from earlier (n,n) and (p,p) scattering measurements which
were reanalyzed in the present work. © 1989 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.39.405},
Key = {Guss89}
}
@booklet{Tornow89,
Author = {W. Tornow and C. R. Howell and R. L. Walter},
Title = {Few-body physics investigated through polarized neutron
experiments in a-less-than-or-equal-to 3 systems at
tunl},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods In Physics Research Section
B-beam Interactions With Materials And Atoms},
Volume = {40-1},
Pages = {470 -- 473},
Year = {1989},
Month = {April},
Key = {Tornow89}
}
@article{fds246783,
Author = {Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Walter, RL},
Title = {Few-body physics investigated through polarized neutron
experiments in A ≤ 3 systems at TUNL},
Journal = {Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research,
B},
Volume = {40-41},
Number = {PART 1},
Pages = {470-473},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1989},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0168-583X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(89)91023-9},
Abstract = {Accurate polarization data obtained with neutrons below 20
MeV in the A ≤ 3 systems provide important new information
on details of the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction. The
two-nucleon and three-nucleon data favor the Paris potential
over the new Bonn (OBEPQ) potential. However, none of the
realistic potential models describes the elastic
neutron-deuteron analyzing power satisfactorily. Charge
independence breaking in the 3P NN interactions and/or
three-body force effects must be considered. ©
1989.},
Doi = {10.1016/0168-583X(89)91023-9},
Key = {fds246783}
}
@booklet{Howell90,
Author = {C. R. Howell and W. Tornow and H. G. Pfutzner and A. L. Li and M. L. Roberts and K. Murphy and P. D. Felsher and G. J.
Weisel and A. Naqvi and R. L. Walter and J. M. Lambert and P. A. Treado and I. Slaus},
Title = {Techniques for vector analyzing power measurements of the
h-2(n-],np)n breakup reaction at low energies},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods In Physics Research Section
A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors And Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {290},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {424 -- 436},
Year = {1990},
Month = {May},
Key = {Howell90}
}
@article{fds246756,
Author = {Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Pfützner, HG and Li, A and Roberts, ML and Murphy, K and Felsher, PD and Weisel, GJ and Naqvi, A and Walter, RL and Lambert, JM and Treado, PA and Šlaus, I},
Title = {Techniques for vector analyzing power measurements of the
2H(n, np)n breakup reaction at low
energies},
Journal = {Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research,
A},
Volume = {290},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {424-436},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1990},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(90)90560-S},
Abstract = {Experimental methods to measure the vector analyzing powers
over a broad range of kinematic configurations in the n-d
breakup reaction have been developed at TUNL. These
techniques employ the polarized beam facilities at TUNL and
use the 2H(d, n)3He reaction as a source of low-energy
polarized neutrons. Our methods permit measurements to a
high statistical accuracy over a large fraction of
three-nucleon phase space. The techniques are described and
experimental spectra along with kinematic calculations are
presented. © 1990.},
Doi = {10.1016/0168-9002(90)90560-S},
Key = {fds246756}
}
@booklet{Pedroni90,
Author = {Pedroni, RS and Howell, CR and Walter, RL},
Title = {Analyzing power measurements for elastic scattering of 17
MeV neutrons from 120Sn.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {41},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2929-2930},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1990},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.41.2929},
Abstract = {Measurements of the analyzing power Ay() have been made for
the elastic scattering of neutrons from Sn120 at 17 MeV.
Over most of the angular range the data agree with
predictions derived from the previously reported
coupled-channels analysis for Sn116,120(n,n) of Guss et al.
© 1990 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.41.2929},
Key = {Pedroni90}
}
@booklet{Weisel90,
Author = {WEISEL, GJ and TORNOW, W and HOWELL, CR and FELSHER, PD and ALOHALI, M and CHEN, ZP and WALTER, RL and LAMBERT, JM and TREADO,
PA},
Title = {NEUTRON-PROTON ANALYZING POWER DATA AT 7.6, 12.0, 14.1,
16.0, 18.5 MEV},
Journal = {JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE},
Volume = {51},
Number = {22},
Pages = {C6515-C6518},
Publisher = {EDP SCIENCES S A},
Year = {1990},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0302-0738},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990ER13200065&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {Weisel90}
}
@article{fds347826,
Author = {LING, A and HAIGHT, RC and KING, NSP and LISOWSKI, PW and SORENSON, DS and ULLMANN, JL and ASLANOGLOU, X and FINLAY, RW and PARK, BK and RAPAPORT,
J and BRADY, FP and ROMERO, JL and HOWELL, CR and TORNOW,
W},
Title = {GROUND-STATE GAMOW-TELLER STRENGTH IN 64NI(N,P)64CO},
Journal = {SPIN AND ISOSPIN IN NUCLEAR INTERACTIONS},
Pages = {207-213},
Publisher = {PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP},
Editor = {WISSINK, SW and GOODMAN, CD and WALKER, GE},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-306-44111-X},
Key = {fds347826}
}
@booklet{Tornow91,
Author = {Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Alohali, M and Chen, ZP and Felsher, PD and Hanly, JM and Walter, RL and Weisel, G and Mertens, G and Slaus, I and Witala, H and Glöckle, W},
Title = {The low-energy neutron-deuteron analyzing power and the
3P0,1,2 interactions of
nucleon-nucleon potentials},
Journal = {Physics Letters B},
Volume = {257},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {273-277},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0370-2693},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(91)91892-Y},
Abstract = {Data for the analyzing power Ay(θ) for the elastic
scattering of neutrons from deuterons have been measured at
5.0, 6.5 and 8.5 MeV to an accuracy of ±0.0035.
Surprisingly large differences have been observed at these
low energies between the data and rigorous Faddeev
calculations using the Paris and Bonn B nucleon-nucleon
potentials. The Ay(θ) data provide a stringent test for our
present understanding of the on-shell and off-shell 3P0,1,2
nucleon-nucleon interactions. © 1991.},
Doi = {10.1016/0370-2693(91)91892-Y},
Key = {Tornow91}
}
@booklet{Pedroni91,
Author = {Pedroni, RS and Byrd, RC and Honoré, GM and Howell, CR and Walter,
RL},
Title = {Scattering of polarized and unpolarized neutrons from 93Nb
from 8 to 17 MeV and optical model descriptions.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2336-2345},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1991},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.43.2336},
Abstract = {Differential cross sections and analyzing powers for neutron
elastic scattering from Nb93 have been measured at energies
from 8 to 17 MeV using pulsed-beam time-of-flight methods.
These data plus total cross-section data from 1 to 20 MeV
are interpreted in terms of the spherical optical model.
Several sets of optical potential parameters with systematic
energy dependences have been derived in searches that used
different initial parameter sets. In addition, comparisons
of the data to calculations based on previously reported
optical potentials are presented. It is concluded that the
data favor the inclusion of a small imaginary spin-orbit
term. © 1991 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.43.2336},
Key = {Pedroni91}
}
@booklet{Howell91,
Author = {Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Pfützner, HG and Roberts, ML and Murphy,
K and Felsher, PD and Weisel, GJ and Mertens, G and Walter, RL and Lambert,
JM and Treado, PA and Slaus, I},
Title = {Neutron-deuteron elastic scattering and breakup reactions
below 20 MeV},
Journal = {Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research,
B},
Volume = {56-57},
Number = {PART 1},
Pages = {459-463},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0168-583X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(91)96070-2},
Abstract = {In this paper we review the results of a series of
high-accuracy measurements on the neutron-deuteron (n-d)
scattering system at incident neutron energies below 20 MeV.
These measurements were designed to: 1) provide data of
sufficient accuracy to be used to refine the parametrization
of the nucleon-nucleon force, 2) to test the reaction
dynamics in the "rigorous" calculations of three-nucleon
(3N) breakup reactions, and 3) identify 3N scattering
observables that are specifically sensitive to three-nucleon
forces and/or off-shell effects. At TUNL we have measured
vector analyzing powers Ay (θ) for n-d elastic scattering
and the breakup reaction to an accuracy better than ± 0.005
and ± 0.020, respectively. Recent results on items 1) and
2) will be presented. Also, results of cross-section
measurements for n-d and p-d breakup will be compared to a
"rigorous" 3N calculation. © 1991.},
Doi = {10.1016/0168-583X(91)96070-2},
Key = {Howell91}
}
@booklet{Sanders91,
Author = {Sanders, PG and Sikka, VK and Howell, CR and Baldwin,
RH},
Title = {A processing method to reduce the environmental-effect in
fe3al-based alloys},
Journal = {Scripta Metallurgica Et Materialia},
Volume = {25},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2365-2369},
Year = {1991},
Month = {October},
Key = {Sanders91}
}
@booklet{Roberts91,
Author = {Roberts, ML and Felsher, PD and Weisel, GJ and Chen, Z and Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Walter, RL and Horen, DJ},
Title = {Measurement of Ay( theta ) for n+208Pb from 6 to 10 MeV and
the neutron-nucleus interaction over the energy range from
bound states at -17 MeV up to scattering at 40
MeV.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2006-2024},
Year = {1991},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9967624},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.44.2006},
Key = {Roberts91}
}
@booklet{Ling91,
Author = {Ling, A and Aslanoglou, X and Brady, FP and Finlay, RW and Haight, RC and Howell, CR and King, NS and Lisowski, PW and Park, BK and Rapaport, J and Romero, JL and Sorenson, DS and Tornow, W and Ullmann,
JL},
Title = {Ground-state Gamow-Teller strength in 64Ni(n,p)64Co cross
sections at 90-240 MeV.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2794-2800},
Year = {1991},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9967715},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.44.2794},
Key = {Ling91}
}
@booklet{Tornow92,
Author = {Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Walter, RL and Slaus,
I},
Title = {Coulomb effects in three-nucleon scattering versus
charge-symmetry breaking in the 3P nucleon-nucleon
interactions.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {459-462},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9967777},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.45.459},
Key = {Tornow92}
}
@article{fds347825,
Author = {WALTER, RL and HOWELL, CR and TORNOW, W},
Title = {NUCLEAR STUDIES AT TUNL USING POLARIZED NEUTRON
BEAMS},
Journal = {BEIJING INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FAST NEUTRON
PHYSICS},
Pages = {267-282},
Publisher = {WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD},
Editor = {SUN, ZX and TANG, HQ and XU, JC and ZHANG, JS},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {981-02-0922-3},
Key = {fds347825}
}
@booklet{Sorenson92,
Author = {Sorenson, DS and Aslanoglou, X and Brady, FP and Drummond, JR and Haight, RC and Howell, CR and King, NS and Ling, A and Lisowski, PW and Park, BK and Rapaport, J and Romero, JL and Tornow, W and Ullmann,
JL},
Title = {Energy dependence of the Gamow-Teller strength in p-shell
nuclei observed in the (n,p) reaction.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {2},
Pages = {R500-R503},
Year = {1992},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9967833},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.45.r500},
Key = {Sorenson92}
}
@booklet{Park92,
Author = {Park, BK and Rapaport, J and Ullmann, JL and Ling, AG and Sorenson, DS and Brady, FP and Romero, JL and Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Rönnqvist,
CT},
Title = {Gamow-Teller and dipole strength distribution in
40Ca(n,p)40K reaction.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1791-1802},
Year = {1992},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9967932},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.45.1791},
Key = {Park92}
}
@booklet{Knibloe92,
Author = {Knibloe, JR and Wright, RN and Sikka, VK and Baldwin, RH and Howell,
CR},
Title = {Elevated-temperature behavior of fe3al with chromium
additions},
Journal = {Materials Science And Engineering A-structural Materials
Properties Microstructure And Processing},
Volume = {153},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {382-386},
Year = {1992},
Month = {May},
Key = {Knibloe92}
}
@booklet{Weisel92,
Author = {Weisel, GJ and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Felsher, PD and AlOhali, M and Chen, ZP and Walter, RL and Lambert, JM and Treado, PA and Slaus,
I},
Title = {Neutron-proton analyzing power data between 7.6 and 18.5
MeV.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {46},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1599-1606},
Year = {1992},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9968278},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.46.1599},
Key = {Weisel92}
}
@article{fds246702,
Author = {Walter, RL and Weisel, GJ and Das, RK and Tornow, W and Howell,
CR},
Title = {The dispersive optical model for n + 208Pb and n
+ 209Bi},
Journal = {Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research,
B},
Volume = {79},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {282-285},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0168-583X},
Abstract = {The dispersive optical model (DOM) provides a natural
connection between the shell model potential for bound
states and the optical model for nucleon scattering at
positive energies. At TUNL we have developed DOMs for
neutron scattering for ten nuclei between 27Al and 209Bi. In
these studies we rely on TUNL measurements of differential
cross-section (σ(θ)) and analyzing power, as well as a
wealth of σ(θ) and total cross section measurements from
numerous other laboratories. In this paper we briefly
outline the DOM method and the achievements in describing
scattering data for n + 208Pb and n + 209Bi and
single-particle bound-state data for neutrons in 208Pb. ©
1993.},
Key = {fds246702}
}
@booklet{Chen93,
Author = {Z. M. Chen and K. Baird and C. R. Howell and M. L. Roberts and W. Tornow and R. L. Walter},
Title = {Neutron-scattering from c-12 between 15.6 and 17.3
mev},
Journal = {Journal Of Physics G-nuclear And Particle
Physics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {6},
Pages = {877 -- 887},
Year = {1993},
Month = {June},
Key = {Chen93}
}
@booklet{Walter93,
Author = {Walter, RL and Weisel, GJ and Das, RK and Tornow, W and Howell,
CR},
Title = {The dispersive optical model for n + 208Pb and n
+ 209Bi},
Journal = {Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research,
B},
Volume = {79},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {282-285},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1993},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0168-583X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LH98400078&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The dispersive optical model (DOM) provides a natural
connection between the shell model potential for bound
states and the optical model for nucleon scattering at
positive energies. At TUNL we have developed DOMs for
neutron scattering for ten nuclei between 27Al and 209Bi. In
these studies we rely on TUNL measurements of differential
cross-section (σ(θ)) and analyzing power, as well as a
wealth of σ(θ) and total cross section measurements from
numerous other laboratories. In this paper we briefly
outline the DOM method and the achievements in describing
scattering data for n + 208Pb and n + 209Bi and
single-particle bound-state data for neutrons in 208Pb. ©
1993.},
Doi = {10.1016/0168-583X(93)95344-5},
Key = {Walter93}
}
@booklet{Park93,
Author = {Park, BK and Rapaport, J and Fink, G and Ullmann, JL and Ling, AG and Sorenson, DS and Brady, FP and Romero, JL and Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Unkelbach, W},
Title = {Energy dependence of multipole strength distributions in the
32S(n,p)32P reaction.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {711-722},
Year = {1993},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9968882},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.48.711},
Key = {Park93}
}
@booklet{Yang93,
Author = {Yang, X and Wang, L and Rapaport, J and Goodman, CD and Foster, C and Wang,
Y and Unkelbach, W and Sugarbaker, E and Marchlenski, D and de Lucia S, and Luther, B and Ullmann, JL and Ling, AG and Park, BK and Sorenson, DS and Rybarcyk, L and Taddeucci, TN and Howell, CR and Tornow,
W},
Title = {Dipole and spin-dipole resonances in charge-exchange
reactions on 12C.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {48},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1158-1171},
Year = {1993},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9968948},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.48.1158},
Key = {Yang93}
}
@booklet{Howell93,
Author = {Howell, CR and Felsher, PD and Tornow, W and Roberts, ML and Hanly, JM and Weisel, GJ and Al Ohali M, and Walter, RL and Slaus, I and Lambert, JM and Treado, PA and Mertens, G},
Title = {Novel probe of charge symmetry breaking: Deuteron-induced
deuteron breakup.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {48},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2855-2863},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9969162},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.48.2855},
Key = {Howell93}
}
@article{fds246796,
Author = {Chen, ZM and Baird, K and Howell, CR and Roberts, ML and Tornow, W and Walter, RL},
Title = {Neutron scattering from 12C between 15.6 and 17.3
MeV},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {6},
Pages = {877-887},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0954-3899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/19/6/008},
Abstract = {The differential cross section sigma ( theta ) for neutron
elastic scattering from 12C and for inelastic scattering
from the 4.44 MeV state was measured at 15.57, 16.75 and
17.29 MeV. The sigma ( theta ) data, together with published
analysing power Ay( theta ) data, were analysed in the
framework of the spherical optical model and in the
coupled-channels formalism. It was concluded that the
present 12C(n,n)12C data and published data at higher
energies appear to be well suited for determining properties
of valence single-particle excitations in 11C and 13C via an
iterative-moment approach or a dispersive optical-model
analysis.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/19/6/008},
Key = {fds246796}
}
@booklet{Aksoy94,
Author = {A. Aksoy and A. Coban and A. A. Naqvi and F. Z. Khiari and J. M. Hanly and C. R. Howell and W. Tornow and P. D. Felsher and M. A. Alohali and R. L. Walter},
Title = {Response-function measurement of an ne213 scintillator using
the h-2(d, n)he-3 reaction},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods In Physics Research Section
A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors And Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {337},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {486 -- 491},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
Key = {Aksoy94}
}
@article{fds246755,
Author = {Aksoy, A and Coban, A and Naqvi, AA and Khiari, FZ and Hanly, JM and Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Felsher, PD and Al-Ohali, MA and Walter,
RL},
Title = {Response-function measurement of an NE213 scintillator using
the 2H(d, n)3He reaction},
Journal = {Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research,
A},
Volume = {337},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {486-491},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)91118-5},
Abstract = {The response function of a 12.5 cm diameter NE213
scintillator detector has been measured over neutron
energies ranging from 4.9 to 16.6 MeV. Beams of
monoenergetic neutrons were produced using the 2H(d, n)3He
reaction. The response function is about 12% lower than
previously reported values for a similar detector obtained
using a continuous spectrum of neutrons from a 252Cf fission
source. However, the present response function agrees with
portions of data sets obtained in published work that used
monoenergetic neutron source reactions. ©
1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0168-9002(94)91118-5},
Key = {fds246755}
}
@booklet{Howell94,
Author = {Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Setze, HR and Braun, RT and Trotter, DEG and Roper, CD and Pedroni, RS and Grimes, SM and Brient, CE and Al-Niemi, N and Goeckner, FC and Mertens, G},
Title = {Resolution of discrepancy between backward angle
cross-section data for neutron-deuteron elastic
scattering},
Journal = {Few-Body Systems},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {127-142},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0177-7963},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01355285},
Abstract = {High-accuracy differential cross-section data for
neutron-deuteron elastic scattering at centre-of-mass
backward angles in the range from 140° to 178° have been
measured to accuracies better than ±3% for incident neutron
energies of 8.0, 10.0, and 14.0 MeV. The measurements were
made by detection of the recoil deuterons and protons from a
mixed CD2-CH2 foil. The new data are compared to existing
data and to three-nucleon calculations with the Bonn-B
nucleon-nucleon potential. We conclude that the present
measurements unambiguously resolve the discrepancies among
previously reported data of the same type. © 1994
Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01355285},
Key = {Howell94}
}
@article{fds347824,
Author = {ALOHALI, MA and HOWELL, CR and TORNOW, W and WALTER,
RL},
Title = {A constrained dispersive optical model for the
neutron-nucleus interaction from -80 to +80 MeV for the mass
region 27<=A<=32},
Journal = {POLARIZATION PHENOMENA IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS},
Number = {339},
Pages = {593-598},
Publisher = {AIP PRESS},
Editor = {Stephenson, EJ and Vigdor, SE},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1-56396-482-1},
Key = {fds347824}
}
@article{fds347823,
Author = {BRAUN, RT and TORNOW, W and TROTTER, DEG and HOWELL, CR and MACHLEIDT,
R and ROPER, CD and SALINAS, F and SETZE, HR and WALTER,
RL},
Title = {Neutron-proton analyzing power at 12 MEV and charged pi NN
coupling constant},
Journal = {POLARIZATION PHENOMENA IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS},
Number = {339},
Pages = {290-295},
Publisher = {AIP PRESS},
Editor = {Stephenson, EJ and Vigdor, SE},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1-56396-482-1},
Key = {fds347823}
}
@booklet{Clegg95,
Author = {Clegg, TB and Karwowski, HJ and Lemieux, SK and Sayer, RW and Crosson,
ER and Hooke, WM and Howell, CR and Lewis, HW and Lovette, AW and Pfutzner,
HJ and Sweeton, KA and Wilburn, WS},
Title = {A new atomic beam polarized ion source for the Triangle
Universities Nuclear Laboratory: overview, operating
experience, and performance},
Journal = {Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research,
A},
Volume = {357},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {200-211},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)01078-1},
Abstract = {A newly constructed source of polarized H± and D± ions is
described. Atomic H or D beams from a dissociator with a
cooled nozzle enter a system of two sextupole magnets and
several radio-frequency transitions where they are focused
and polarized. They enter a downstream electron-cyclotron-resonance-heated
plasma ionizer from which positive ions are extracted. When
negative ions are desired, they may be produced from the
positive beam by charge-exchange in cesium vapor. Emerging
beams are intense, have good polarization, low energy
spread, and good optical quality. Descriptions are included
for all major systems and for diagnostic procedures used to
optimize both the intensity and the polarization of the
output H± or D± beams obtained. Typical operating
experience, performance figures, and a description of
routine maintenance procedures are given. ©
1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0168-9002(94)01078-1},
Key = {Clegg95}
}
@booklet{Howell95,
Author = {C. R. Howell and H. R. Setze and R. T. Braun and D. E. G.
Trotter and A. H. Hussein and C. D. Roper and F. Salinas and I. Slaus and W. Tornow and B. Vlahovic and R. L. Walter and G. Mertens and J. M. Lambert and H. Witala},
Title = {Probing the 3-nucleon force using nucleon-deuteron breakup
reactions},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods In Physics Research Section
B-beam Interactions With Materials And Atoms},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {316 -- 319},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
Key = {Howell95}
}
@article{fds246764,
Author = {Howell, CR and Setze, HR and Braun, RT and Gonzalez Trotter and DE and Hussein, AH and Roper, CD and Salinas, F and Slaus, I and Tornow, W and Vlahovic, B and Walter, RL and Mertens, G and Lambert, JM and Witala,
H},
Title = {Probing the three-nucleon force using nucleon-deuteron
breakup reactions},
Journal = {Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research,
B},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {316-319},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0168-583X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(94)00680-6},
Abstract = {Results of our recent kinematically complete cross-section
measurements of the space-star and coplanar-star
configurations in n-d breakup at 13.0 MeV are reported. The
experimental setup and details of the analysis are
described. The new data for the space-star configuration are
in good agreement with previous n-d data but differ
significantly from both "exact" n-d calculations and p-d
data. In constrast, the new coplanar-star data are in fair
agreement with the calculations but are in gross
disagreement with previous n-d data. The implications of
these data for three-nucleon forces are discussed. ©
1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0168-583X(94)00680-6},
Key = {fds246764}
}
@article{fds347822,
Author = {Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Braun, RT and Chen, Q and Trotter, DEG and Roper, CD and Salinas, F and Setze, HR and Walter, RL and Witala,
H},
Title = {Selected topics of the few-nucleon research program at
TUNL},
Journal = {FEW-BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS '95},
Pages = {161-165},
Publisher = {SPRINGER-VERLAG},
Editor = {Guardiola, R},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {3-211-82732-3},
Key = {fds347822}
}
@booklet{Weisel96,
Author = {Weisel, GJ and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Felsher, PD and Alohali, M and Roberts, ML and Das, RK and Walter, RL and Mertens,
G},
Title = {Analyzing power measurements for 209Bi(n,n) at 6 and 9 MeV
and consistent dispersive optical-model analyses for n+209Bi
and n+208Pb from -20 to +80 MeV.},
Journal = {Physical review. C, Nuclear physics},
Volume = {54},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2410-2428},
Year = {1996},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9971597},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.54.2410},
Key = {Weisel96}
}
@booklet{Setze96,
Author = {Setze, HR and Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Braun, RT and Glöckle, W and Hussein, AH and Lambert, JM and Mertens, G and Roper, CD and Salinas, F and Šlaus, I and González Trotter and DE and Vlahović, B and Walter, RL and Witała, H},
Title = {Verification of the space-star anomaly in nd
breakup},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {388},
Number = {2},
Pages = {229-234},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(96)01069-6},
Abstract = {Cross-section measurements of a collinear configuration, the
space-star and the coplanar-star configurations in nd
breakup at En = 13.0 MeV are reported. The present
measurements for the collinear configuration are in good
agreement with pd and nd data. Our coplanar-star data are
consistent with theoretical predictions and resolve the
reported problem with this configuration. The previously
observed large discrepancy between theory and nd
cross-section data for the space-star configuration is
confirmed in the present work.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(96)01069-6},
Key = {Setze96}
}
@booklet{Felsher97,
Author = {Felsher, PD and Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Roberts, ML and Hanly, JM and Weisel, GJ and Ohali, MA and Walter, RL and Šlaus, I and Lambert, JM and Treado, PA and Mertens, G and Fonseca, AC and Soldi, A and Vlahovic,
B},
Title = {Analyzing power measurements for the [Formula Presented]
breakup reaction at 12 MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {56},
Number = {1},
Pages = {38-49},
Publisher = {AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1997XL65000007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We report the most extensive set of vector [Formula
Presented] and tensor [Formula Presented] and [Formula
Presented] analyzing-power data for the [Formula Presented]
reaction. Two-particle coincidence data have been measured
for six deuteron-proton, three deuteron-neutron and three
proton-neutron angle pairs at an incident deuteron energy of
12.0 MeV. These data are compared to impulse-approximation
calculations that treat the underlying nucleon-deuteron
system exactly and include contributions from both target
and projectile breakup processes. This model gives a good
description of the analyzing-power and relative
cross-section data. We show that the inclusion of
nucleon-nucleon [Formula Presented] interactions
considerably improves the agreement with the spin
observables. The disagreement between the data and
theoretical predictions show the limitations in our model
and the importance of the rescattering processes. We suggest
that the [Formula Presented] three-body breakup process will
provide useful information on the nucleon-nucleon force when
exact calculations become available. © 1997 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.56.38},
Key = {Felsher97}
}
@booklet{Litvinenko97,
Author = {Litvinenko, VN and Burnham, B and Emamian, M and Hower, N and Madey,
JMJ and Morcombe, P and Oshea, PG and Park, SH and Sachtschale, R and Straub, KD and Swift, G and Wang, P and Wu, Y and Canon, RS and Howell, CR and Roberson, NR and E},
Title = {Gamma-ray production in a storage ring free-electron
laser},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {78},
Number = {24},
Pages = {4569-4572},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4569},
Abstract = {A nearly monochromatic beam of 100% linearly polarized γ
rays has been produced via Compton backscattering inside a
free electron laser optical cavity. The beam of 12.2 MeV γ
rays was obtained by backscattering 379.4 nm free-electron
laser photons from 500 MeV electrons circulating in a
storage ring. A detailed description of the γ-ray beam and
the outlook for future improvements are presented. © 1997
The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4569},
Key = {Litvinenko97}
}
@booklet{Alohali97,
Author = {M. A. Alohali and A. Aksoy and A. Coban and J. M. Hanly and P. D. Felsher and C. R. Howell and W. Tornow and F. Salinas and R. L. Walter},
Title = {Determination of the neutron detection efficiency of an
NE213 scintillator for E-n = 2.5 to 16 MeV using the
H-2(d,n)He-3 reaction},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods In Physics Research Section
A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors And Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {396},
Number = {3},
Pages = {388 -- 393},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
Key = {Alohali97}
}
@article{fds246759,
Author = {Al-Ohali, MA and Aksoy, A and Coban, A and Hanly, JM and Felsher, PD and Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Salinas, F and Walter,
RL},
Title = {Determination of the neutron detection efficiency of an
NE213 scintillator for En = 2.5 to 16 MeV using
the 2H(d, n)3He reaction},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {396},
Number = {3},
Pages = {388-393},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00701-8},
Abstract = {The absolute efficiency of an NE213 liquid scintillator of
12.7 cm diameter and 5.08 cm thickness was measured in the
neutron energy range 2.5-16 MeV using the 2H(d, n)3He
reaction as a source of monoenergetic neutrons. The
efficiencies were measured at the time-of-flight facility of
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL). The
experimental data are compared to calculations from the
Monte Carlo code NEFF of Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany (PTB).},
Doi = {10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00701-8},
Key = {fds246759}
}
@booklet{Tornow98a,
Author = {Tornow, W and DeBraeckeleer, L and Howell, CR and Roberson, NR and Walter, RL and Weller, HR},
Title = {Nuclear research at Duke [5]},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {279},
Number = {5350},
Pages = {462-463},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
Key = {Tornow98a}
}
@booklet{Howell98a,
Author = {Howell, CR and Setze, HR and Tornowa, W and Braun, RT and Glöckle, W and Hussein, AH and Lambert, JM and Mertens, G and Roper, CD and Salinas, F and Šlaus, I and González Trotter and DE and Vlahović, B and Walter, RL and Witała, H},
Title = {Implications of the space-star anomaly in nd
breakup},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {631},
Pages = {692-696},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(98)00093-1},
Abstract = {Cross-section measurements of six exit-channel
configurations in nd breakup at 13.0 MeV are reported and
compared to rigorous calculations. Except for the
coplanar-star configuration, our data are consistent with
previous data. The present data for all configurations, with
the exception of the space star, are in good agreement with
theoretical predictions. The previously observed large
discrepancy between theory and data for the space-star
configuration is confirmed in the present work. The
inclusion of the Tucson-Melbourne 2π exchange three-nucleon
force with a cutoff parameter that correctly binds the
triton only changes the predicted cross section by 2%, a
factor of 10 smaller than the amount needed to bring theory
into agreement with data.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0375-9474(98)00093-1},
Key = {Howell98a}
}
@booklet{Tornow98,
Author = {Tornow, W and Carman, TS and Chen, Q and Gibbs, WR and Gibson, BF and González Trotter and DE and Howell, CR and Hussein, AH and Mertens, G and Moore, CF and Morris, C and Obst, A and Pasyuk, E and Roper, CD and Salinas, F and Schmidt, D and Setze, HR and Slaus, I and Sterbenz, S and Tang, H and Walter, RL and Whiteley, CR and Witala, H and Zhou,
Z},
Title = {Scattering length measurements from radiative pion capture
and neutron-deuteron breakup},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {631},
Pages = {421-425},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(98)00040-2},
Abstract = {The neutron-neutron and neutron-proton 1So scattering
lengths ann and anp, respectively, were determined
simultaneously from the neutron-deuteron breakup reaction.
Their comparison with the recommended values obtained from
"two-body" reactions gives a measure of the importance of
three-nucleon force effects in the three-nucleon continuum.
In order to check on the result obtained for ann from the
"two-body" π--d capture reaction, a new measurement was
performed at LANL. Preliminary results of the three
experiments are given.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0375-9474(98)00040-2},
Key = {Tornow98}
}
@booklet{Park98,
Author = {S. H. Park and V. N. Litvinenko and B. Burnham and Y. Wu and J. M. J. Madey and R. S. Canon and C. R. Howell and N. R.
Roberson and E. C. Schreiber and M. Spraker and W. Tornow and H. R. Weller and I. V. Pinayev},
Title = {OK-4/Duke monochromatic gamma-ray source: performance and
prediction},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods In Physics Research Section
A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors And Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {407},
Number = {1-3},
Pages = {224 -- 228},
Year = {1998},
Month = {April},
Key = {Park98}
}
@article{fds246745,
Author = {Park, SH and Litvinenko, VN and Burnham, B and Wu, Y and Madey, JMJ and Canon, RS and Howell, CR and Roberson, NR and Schreiber, EC and Spraker,
M and Tornow, W and Weller, HR and Pinayev, IV},
Title = {OK-4/Duke monochromatic gamma-ray source: performance and
prediction},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods In Physics Research Section
A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors And Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {407},
Number = {1-3},
Pages = {224-228},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(97)01400-9},
Abstract = {A beam of nearly monochromatic γ-rays was produced via
intracavity Compton backscattering in the OK-4/Duke storage
ring FEL. The OK-4 FEL operated in the near-UV range
(345-413 nm) with electron energies of 260-550 MeV. The
energy of the produced γ-rays varied from 3 to 16 MeV. In
the near future we plan to increase the energy of the
γ-rays to 50 MeV by increasing the electron energy and
reducing FEL wavelength. Results from direct measurements of
the γ-ray flux and energy resolution (using a 3 mm diameter
lead collimator) (Litvinenko et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 78
(1997) 4569) are very close to our theoretical predictions.
The energy resolution of the γ-rays was ∼ 1%. In this
paper we present a comparison of our measurements with
theoretical predictions and our plans for future
improvements. We discuss upgrades of our system to attain an
energy resolution down to 0.1% and to increase the flux. A
brief description of the experimental program utilizing the
OK-4/Duke monochromatic γ-ray source is presented. © 1998
Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0168-9002(97)01400-9},
Key = {fds246745}
}
@article{fds329806,
Author = {Niculescu, I and Suleiman, R and Madey, R and Eden, T and Anderson, BD and Anderson, JE and Baker, OK and Baldwin, AR and Brown, WR and Cameron,
JM and Chang, CC and Elaasar, M and Foster, CC and Halli, C and Howell, C and Keane, D and Kelly, JJ and Lai, A and Liu, H and Manley, DM and Markowitz,
P and Niboh, MM and Niculescu, G and Olson, M and Stephenson, EJ and Walter, R and Watson, JW and Zhang, WM},
Title = {Calibration of a Neutron Polarimeter to Measure the Electric
Form Factor of the Neutron},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {68-74},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {1998},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.659556},
Abstract = {We measured the analyzing power and the efficiency of a new
neutron polarimeter that was designed to measure G£, the
neutron electric form factor. The polarimeter calibration
was performed as experiment E377 at the Indiana University
Cyclotron Facility (IUCF) with the 14C(p→, n→)14N
reaction at proton beam energies of 124.0, 164.6, and 199.7
MeV without any shielding material ahead of the polarimeter;
in addition, at 164.6 MeV we measured the analyzing power
〈Ay〉 with 10 cm of lead, sandwiched between 3.5-cm iron
plates, ahead of the polarimeter. © 1998
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/23.659556},
Key = {fds329806}
}
@booklet{Howell98,
Author = {Howell, CR and Chen, Q and Carman, TS and Hussein, A and Gibbs, WR and Gibson, BF and Mertens, G and Moore, CF and Morris, C and Obst, A and Pasyuk, E and Roper, CD and Salinas, F and Slaus, I and Sterbenz, S and Tornow, W and Walter, RL and Whiteley, CR and Whitton,
M},
Title = {Toward a resolution of the neutron-neutron scattering-length
issue},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {444},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {252-259},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01386-0},
Abstract = {We report a high-precision determination of the 1S0
neutron-neutron scattering length (ann) using the
2H(π-,ny)n reaction. The value obtained in the present work
is -18.50 ± 0.05 (statistical) ± 0.44 (systematic) ± 0.30
(theoretical) fm, which is consistent with the values from
previous measurements. Combining our result with previous
measurements reduces the total uncertainty in the world
average of ann to ±0.4 fm, matching the accuracy to which
the charge-symmetric parameter app is determined. © 1998
Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01386-0},
Key = {Howell98}
}
@article{fds246691,
Author = {Alexa, LC and Anderson, BD and Aniol, KA and Arundell, K and Auerbach,
L and Baker, FT and Berthot, J and Bertin, PY and Bertozzi, W and Bimbot,
L and Boeglin, WU and Brash, EJ and Breton, V and Breuer, H and Burtin, E and Calarco, JR and Cardman, LS and Cavata, C and Chang, CC and Chen, JP and Chudakov, E and Cisbani, E and Dale, DS and Degrande, N and De Leo and R and Deur, A and Hose, ND and Diederich, B and Domingo, JJ and Epstein, MB and Ewell, LA and Finn, JM and Fissum, KG and Fonvieille, H and Frois, B and Frullani, S and Gao, H and Gao, J and Garibaldi, F and Gasparian, A and Gilad, S and Gilman, R and Glamazdin, A and Glashausser, C and Gomez, J and Gorbenko, V and Hansen, JO and Holmes, R and Holtrop, M and Howell, C and Huber, GM and Hyde-Wright, C and Iodice, M and De Jager and CW and Jaminion, S and Jardillier, J and Jones, MK and Jutier, C and Kahl, W and Kato, S and Katramatou, AT and Kelly, JJ and Kerhoas, S and Ketikyan, A and Khayat, M and Kino, K and Kramer, LH and Kumar, KS and Kumbartzki, G and Kuss, M and Lavessière, G and Leone, A and Le Rose and JJ and Liang, M and Lindgren, RA and Liyanage, N and Lolos, GJ and Lourie, RW and Madey, R and Maeda, K and Malov, S and Manley, DM and Margaziotis, DJ and Markowitz,
P and Marroncle, J and Martino, J and Martoff, CJ and Mc Cormick and K and McIntyre, J and Van Der Meer and RLJ and Mehrabyan, S and Meziani, ZE and Michaels, R and Miller, GW and Mougey, JY and Nanda, SK and Neyret, D and Offermann, EAJM and Papandreou, Z and Perdrisat,
CF},
Title = {Measurements of the deuteron elastic structure function
A(Q2) for 0.7 ≤ Q2 ≤
6.0(GeV/c)2at jefferson laboratory},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {82},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1374-1378},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.1374},
Abstract = {The deuteron elastic structure function A(Q2) has been
extracted in the range 0.7 ≤ Q2 ≤ 6.0(GeV/c)2 from cross
section measurements of elastic electron-deuteron scattering
in coincidence using the Hall A Facility of Jefferson
Laboratory. The data are compared to theoretical models,
based on the impulse approximation with the inclusion of
meson-exchange currents, and to predictions of quark
dimensional scaling and perturbative quantum chromodynamics.
© 1999 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.1374},
Key = {fds246691}
}
@booklet{Trotter99,
Author = {Gonzalez Trotter and DE and Salinas, F and Chen, Q and Crowell, AS and Glöeckle, W and Howell, CR and Roper, CD and Schmidt, D and Šlaus, I and Tang, H and Tornow, W and Walter, RL and Witała, H and Zhou,
Z},
Title = {A new measurement of the 1S0 neutron-neutron scattering
length using the neutron-proton scattering length as a
standard},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {83},
Number = {19},
Pages = {3788-3791},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.3788},
Abstract = {The present paper reports high-accuracy cross-section data
for the 2H(n, nnp) reaction in the neutron-proton (np) and
neutron-neutron (nn) final-state-interaction (FSI) regions
at an incident mean neutron energy of 13.0 MeV. These data
were analyzed with rigorous three-nucleon calculations to
determine the 1S0 np and nn scattering lengths, a_np and
a_nn. Our results are a_nn = -18.7 +/- 0.6 fm and a_np = −
23.5 +/− 0.8 fm. Since our value for a_np obtained from
neutron-deuteron (nd) breakup agrees with that from free np
scattering, we conclude that our investigation of the nn FSI
done simultaneously and under identical conditions gives the
correct value for a_nn. Our value for a_nn is in agreement
with that obtained in pion-deuteron capture measurements but
disagrees with values obtained from earlier nd breakup
studies. © 1999 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.3788},
Key = {Trotter99}
}
@article{fds347819,
Author = {Trotter, DEG and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Salinas, F and Walter, RL and Witala, H},
Title = {Extraction of the S-1(0) neutron-neutron scattering length
from a kinematically-complete n-d breakup experiment at
TUNL},
Journal = {APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY, PTS 1
AND 2},
Volume = {475},
Pages = {243-246},
Publisher = {AMER INST PHYSICS},
Editor = {Duggan, JL and Morgan, IL},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1-56396-825-8},
Key = {fds347819}
}
@article{fds347820,
Author = {Tornow, W and Trotter, DEG and Howell, CR and Salinas, F and Witala,
H},
Title = {Hadronic probes of few-nucleon systems},
Journal = {FEW-BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS '98},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {285-294},
Publisher = {SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN},
Editor = {Desplanques, B and Protasov, K and SilvestreBrac, B and Carbonell,
J},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {3-211-83280-7},
Key = {fds347820}
}
@article{fds347821,
Author = {Howell, CR},
Title = {Experiments at the triangle universities nuclear laboratory
for the undergraduate physics curriculum},
Journal = {APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY, PTS 1
AND 2},
Volume = {475},
Pages = {1095-1099},
Publisher = {AMER INST PHYSICS},
Editor = {Duggan, JL and Morgan, IL},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1-56396-825-8},
Key = {fds347821}
}
@article{fds246806,
Author = {Jones, MK and Howell, TJECICR and Macri, RA},
Title = {GEp/GMp Ratio form 0.5 to 3.5 GeV2 by Polarization Transfer
in ep --> e'p},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {84},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1398},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
Key = {fds246806}
}
@article{fds246814,
Author = {Schreiber, EC and Canon, RS and Crowley, BT and Howell, CR and Kelley,
JH and Litvinenko, VN and Nelson, SO and Park, SH and Pinayev, LV and Prior, RM and Sabourov, K and Spraker, M and Tornow, W and Wu, Y and Wulf,
EA and Weller, HR},
Title = {First Measurement of the Near-Threshold Analyzing Power
Using a Free-Electron Laser Based g-Ray Source},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {61},
Number = {6},
Pages = {061604},
Year = {2000},
Abstract = {The first measurement of the 2H(γ→,n)p analyzing
power near threshold has been performed using the
High-Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS) at the Duke
Free-Electron Laser Laboratory. A 3.58 MeV γ-ray beam
having an energy resolution of 2.5% and 100% linear
polarization was incident on an active C6D12 target.
Outgoing neutrons were detected parallel and perpendicular
to the plane of γ-ray polarization at a lab angle of
150°. The experimentally determined analyzing power
provides a sensitive measurement of the relative E1 and M1
contributions to the total cross section.},
Key = {fds246814}
}
@article{fds246815,
Author = {Gao, J and Howell, TJECICR},
Title = {Dynamic Relativistic Effects in Quasielastic 1p-Shell Proton
Knockout from 16O},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {84},
Number = {15},
Pages = {3265},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3265},
Abstract = {We have measured the cross section for quasielastic 1p-shell
proton knockout in the 16O(e, e−p) reaction at ω =
0.439GeV and Q2 = 0.8(GeV/c)2 for missing momentum Pmiss =
355MeV/c. We have extracted the response functions RL+TT,
RT, RLT, and the left-right asymmetry, ALT, for the 1p1/2
and the 1p3/2 states. The data are well described by
relativistic distorted wave impulse approximation
calculations. At large Pmiss, the structure observed in ALT
indicates the existence of dynamical relativistic effects.
© 2000 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3265},
Key = {fds246815}
}
@article{fds246816,
Author = {Xu, W and the JLab E95-001 Collaboration including H Gao and SC and Howell, CR},
Title = {The Transverse Asymmetry A’T from Quasielastic Polarized
Process and the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {85},
Number = {14},
Pages = {2900},
Year = {2000},
Abstract = {We have measured the transverse asymmetry AT′ in 3H +
(Combining right arrow above sign)e(e + (Combining right
arrow above sign), e′) quasielastic scattering in Hall
A at Jefferson Laboratory with high precision for Q2 values
from 0.1 to 0.6 (GeV/c)2. The neutron magnetic form factor
GMn was extracted based on Faddeev calculations for Q2 = 0.1
and 0.2 (GeV/c)2 with an experimental uncertainty of less
than 2%. © 2000 The American Physical
Society.},
Key = {fds246816}
}
@article{fds304575,
Author = {Jones, MK and Aniol, KA and Baker, FT and Berthot, J and Bertin, PY and Bertozzi, W and Besson, A and Bimbot, L and Boeglin, WU and Brash, EJ and Brown, D and Calarco, JR and Cardman, LS and Chang, CC and Chen, JP and Chudakov, E and Churchwell, S and Cisbani, E and Dale, DS and Leo, RD and Deur, A and Diederich, B and Domingo, JJ and Epstein, MB and Ewell, LA and Fissum, KG and Fleck, A and Fonvieille, H and Frullani, S and Gao, J and Garibaldi, F and Gasparian, A and Gerstner, G and Gilad, S and Gilman,
R and Glamazdin, A and Glashausser, C and Gomez, J and Gorbenko, V and Green, A and Hansen, JO and Howell, CR and Huber, GM and Iodice, M and Jager, CWD and Jaminion, S and Jiang, X and Kahl, W and Kelly, JJ and Khayat, M and Kramer, LH and Kumbartzki, G and Kuss, M and Lakuriki, E and Lavessière, G and LeRose, JJ and Liang, M and Lindgren, RA and Liyanage, N and Lolos, GJ and Macri, R and Madey, R and Malov, S and Margaziotis, DJ and Markowitz, P and McCormick, K and McIntyre, JI and Meer, RLJVD and Michaels, R and Milbrath, BD and Mougey, JY and Nanda,
SK and Offermann, EAJM and Papandreou, Z and Perdrisat, CF and Petratos,
GG and Piskunov, NM and Pomatsalyuk, RI and Prout, DL and Punjabi, V and Quéméner, G and Ransome, RD and Raue, BA and Roblin, Y and Roche, R and Rutledge, G and Rutt, PM and Saha, A and Saito, T and Sarty, AJ and Smith,
TP and Sorokin, P and Strauch, S and Suleiman, R and Takahashi, K and Templon, JA and Todor, L and Ulmer, PE and Urciuoli, GM and Vernin, P and Vlahovic, B and Voskanyan, H and Wijesooriya, K and Wojtsekhowski,
BB and Woo, RJ and Xiong, F and Zainea, GD and Zhou,
ZL},
Title = {GEp/GMp Ratio by Polarization Transfer
in e→p → ep→},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {84},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1398-1402},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
Key = {fds304575}
}
@article{fds246649,
Author = {Malov, S and Wijesooriya, K and Baker, FT and Bimbot, L and Brash, EJ and Chang, CC and Finn, JM and Fissum, KG and Gao, J and Gilman, R and Glashausser, C and Jones, MK and Kelly, JJ and Kumbartzki, G and Liyanage, N and McIntyre, J and Nanda, S and Perdrisat, CF and Punjabi,
VA and Quéméner, G and Ransome, RD and Rutt, PM and Zainea, DG and Anderson, BD and Aniol, KA and Auerbach, L and Berthot, J and Bertozzi,
W and Bertin, PY and Boeglin, WU and Breton, V and Breuer, H and Burtin, E and Calarco, JR and Cardman, L and Cates, GD and Cavata, C and Chen, JP and Cisbani, E and Dale, DS and de Leo, R and Deur, A and Diederich, B and Djawotho, P and Domingo, J and Doyle, B and Ducret, JE and Epstein, MB and Ewell, LA and Fleniken, J and Fonvieille, H and Frois, B and Frullani,
S and Garibaldi, F and Gasparian, A and Gilad, S and Glamazdin, A and Gomez, J and Gorbenko, V and Gorringe, T and Griffioen, K and Hersman,
FW and Hines, J and Holmes, R and Holtrop, M and d'Hose, N and Howell, C and Huber, GM and Hyde-Wright, CE and Iodice, M and de Jager, CW and Jaminion, S and Joo, K and Jutier, C and Kahl, W and Kato, S and Kerhoas,
S and Khandaker, M and Khayat, M and Kino, K and Korsch, W and Kramer, L and Kumar, KS and Laveissière, G and Leone, A and LeRose, JJ and Levchuk,
L and Liang, M and Lindgren, RA and Lolos, GJ and Lourie, RW and Madey, R and Maeda, K and Manley, DM and Margaziotis, DJ and Markowitz, P and Marroncle, J and Martino, J and McCarthy, JS and McCormick,
K},
Title = {Polarization transfer in the 16o(e→,e′p→)15n
reaction},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {62},
Number = {5},
Pages = {573021-573025},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.62.057302},
Abstract = {The first [Formula Presented] polarization transfer
measurements on a nucleus heavier than deuterium have been
carried out at Jefferson Laboratory. Transverse and
longitudinal components of the polarization of protons
ejected in the reaction [Formula Presented] were measured in
quasielastic perpendicular kinematics at a [Formula
Presented] of 0.8 [Formula Presented] The data are in good
agreement with state of the art calculations. © 2000 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.62.057302},
Key = {fds246649}
}
@article{fds246812,
Author = {Howell, CR and Chen, Q and Trotter, DEG and Salinas, F and Carman, TS and Crowell, AS and Hussein, A and Gibbs, WR and Gibson, BF and Mertens, G and Moore, CF and Morris, C and Obst, A and Pasyuk, E and Roper, CD and Slaus,
I and Sterbenz, S and Tang, H and Tornow, W and Walter, RL and Whiteley,
CR and Whitton, M and Zhou, Z and Glockle, W and Witala,
H},
Title = {Recent high-accuracy measurements of the S-1(0)
neutron-neutron scattering length},
Journal = {FEW-BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS '99},
Volume = {12},
Pages = {451-456},
Publisher = {SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN},
Editor = {Oryu, S and Kamimura, M and Ishikawa, S},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0177-8811},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000166770100080&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds246812}
}
@article{fds304576,
Author = {Schreiber, EC and Canon, RS and Crowley, BT and Howell, CR and Kelley,
JH and Litvinenko, VN and Nelson, SO and Park, SH and Pinayev, IV and Prior, RM and Sabourov, K and Spraker, M and Tornow, W and Wu, Y and Wulf,
EA and Weller, HR},
Title = {First measurement of the near-threshold 2H(γ→,n)p
analyzing power using a free-electron laser based γ-ray
source},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {61},
Number = {6},
Pages = {616041-616044},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.61.061604},
Abstract = {The first measurement of the 2H(γ→,n)p analyzing power
near threshold has been performed using the High-Intensity
Gamma-ray Source (HIGS) at the Duke Free-Electron Laser
Laboratory. A 3.58 MeV γ-ray beam having an energy
resolution of 2.5% and 100% linear polarization was incident
on an active C6D12 target. Outgoing neutrons were detected
parallel and perpendicular to the plane of γ-ray
polarization at a lab angle of 150°. The experimentally
determined analyzing power provides a sensitive measurement
of the relative E1 and M1 contributions to the total cross
section.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.61.061604},
Key = {fds304576}
}
@article{fds330199,
Author = {Schreiber, EC and Canon, RS and Crowley, BT and Howell, CR and Kelley,
JH and Litvinenko, VN and Nelson, SO and Park, SH and Pinayev, IV and Prior, RM and Sabourov, K and Spraker, M and Tornow, W and Wu, Y and Wulf,
EA and Weller, HR},
Title = {First measurement of the near-threshold [Formula Presented]
analyzing power using a free-electron laser based [Formula
Presented]-ray source},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {61},
Number = {6},
Pages = {4},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.61.061604},
Abstract = {The first measurement of the [Formula Presented] analyzing
power near threshold has been performed using the
High-Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS) at the Duke
Free-Electron Laser Laboratory. A 3.58 MeV [Formula
Presented]-ray beam having an energy resolution of [Formula
Presented] and [Formula Presented] linear polarization was
incident on an active [Formula Presented] target. Outgoing
neutrons were detected parallel and perpendicular to the
plane of [Formula Presented]-ray polarization at a lab angle
of 150°. The experimentally determined analyzing power
provides a sensitive measurement of the relative [Formula
Presented] and [Formula Presented] contributions to the
total cross section. © 2000 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.61.061604},
Key = {fds330199}
}
@article{fds329805,
Author = {Vlahovic, B and Voskanyan, H and Wijesooriya, K and Wojtsekhowski,
BB and Woo, RJ and Xiong, F and Zainea, GD and Zhou,
Z},
Title = {G(E(p))/G(M(p)) ratio by polarization transfer in e-->p -->
ep-->},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {84},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1398-1402},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.84.1398},
Abstract = {The ratio of the proton's elastic electromagnetic form
factors, G(E(p))/G(M(p)), was obtained by measuring P(t) and
P(l), the transverse and the longitudinal recoil proton
polarization, respectively. For elastic e-->p-->ep-->,
G(E(p))/G(M(p)) is proportional to P(t)/P(l). Simultaneous
measurement of P(t) and P(l) in a polarimeter provides good
control of the systematic uncertainty. The results for the
ratio G(E(p))/G(M(p)) show a systematic decrease as Q2
increases from 0.5 to 3.5 GeV2, indicating for the first
time a definite difference in the spatial distribution of
charge and magnetization currents in the
proton.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.84.1398},
Key = {fds329805}
}
@article{fds304580,
Author = {Xu, W and Dutta, D and Xiong, F and Anderson, B and Auberbach, L and Averett, T and Bertozzi, W and Black, T and Calarco, J and Cardman, L and Cates, GD and Chai, ZW and Chen, JP and Choi, S and Chudakov, E and Churchwell, S and Corrado, GS and Crawford, C and Dale, D and Deur, A and Djawotho, P and Filippone, BW and Finn, JM and Gao, H and Gilman, R and Glamazdin, AV and Glashausser, C and Glöckle, W and Golak, J and Gomez,
J and Gorbenko, VG and Hansen, JO and Hersman, FW and Higinbotham, DW and Holmes, R and Howell, CR and Hughes, E and Humensky, B and Incerti, S and de Jager, CW and Jensen, JS and Jiang, X and Jones, CE and Jones, M and Kahl, R and Kamada, H and Kievsky, A and Kominis, I and Korsch, W and Kramer, K and Kumbartzki, G and Kuss, M and Lakuriqi, E and Liang, M and Liyanage, N and LeRose, J and Malov, S and Margaziotis, DJ and Martin,
JW and McCormick, K and McKeown, RD and McIlhany, K and Meziani, ZE and Michaels, R and Miller, GW and Pace, E and Pavlin, T and Petratos, GG and Pomatsalyuk, RI and Pripstein, D and Prout, D and Ransome, RD and Roblin, Y and Rvachev, M and Saha, A and Salmè, G and Schnee, M and Shin,
T and Slifer, K and Souder, PA and Strauch, S and Suleiman, R and Sutter,
M and Tipton, B and Todor, L and Viviani, M and Vlahovic, B and Watson, J and Williamson, CF and Witała, H and Wojtsekhowski, B and Yeh, J and Zołnierczuk, P},
Title = {Transverse asymmetry AT' from the quasielastic 3He(e,e')
process and the neutron magnetic form factor.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {85},
Number = {14},
Pages = {2900-2904},
Year = {2000},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.85.2900},
Abstract = {We have measured the transverse asymmetry A(T') in
3He(e,e(')) quasielastic scattering in Hall A at Jefferson
Laboratory with high precision for Q2 values from 0.1 to 0.6
(GeV/c)(2). The neutron magnetic form factor G(n)(M) was
extracted based on Faddeev calculations for Q2 = 0.1 and 0.2
(GeV/c)(2) with an experimental uncertainty of less than
2%.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.85.2900},
Key = {fds304580}
}
@article{fds246818,
Author = {Howell, CR},
Title = {Nucleon-Deuteron Breakup: Truths and Implications},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Volume = {689},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {2986},
Year = {2001},
Abstract = {The results of recent nucleon-deuteron breakup experiments
are reviewed, and a comparative evaluation of the data is
presented. Discrepancies between data from different
experiments are identified, and modest attempts to resolve
the discrepancies are made. Differences between the
evaluated data and theory are noted and discussed.
Recommendations for prioritizing the analysis of certain
breakup configurations in completed experiments are given.
In addition, a call for accurate measurements of
neutron-deuteron breakup integrated cross section for
energies between 10 and 30 MeV is made.},
Key = {fds246818}
}
@article{fds246820,
Author = {Liyanage, N and Howell, TJH-ACICR},
Title = {Dynamics of the 16O(e,e’p) Reaction at High Missing
Energies},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {86},
Number = {25},
Pages = {5670},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.86.5670},
Abstract = {We measured the cross section and response functions for the
quasielastic 16O(e,e'p) reaction for missing energies 25< or
=E(m)< or =120 MeV at missing momenta P(m)< or =340 MeV/c.
For 25<E(m)<50 MeV and P(m) approximately 60 MeV/c, the
reaction is dominated by a single 1s(1/2) proton knockout.
At larger P(m), the single-particle aspects are increasingly
masked by more complicated processes. Calculations which
include pion exchange currents, isobar currents, and
short-range correlations account for the shape and the
transversity, but for only half of the magnitude of the
measured cross section.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.86.5670},
Key = {fds246820}
}
@article{fds246819,
Author = {González Trotter and DE and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Walter,
RL},
Title = {Nucleon-Deuteron Analyzing Power at En = 2.0
MeV},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys. A},
Volume = {684},
Pages = {701c},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000167628700152&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds246819}
}
@article{fds246817,
Author = {Zhou, Z and Crowell, AS and Deng, J and Glöckle, W and Howell, CR and Kamada, H and Qi, B and Macri, RA and Ruan, X and Tang, H and Walter, RL and Witała, H},
Title = {The space-star anomaly in nd breakup at 25
MeV},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {684},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {545-548},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000167628700106&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(01)00389-X},
Key = {fds246817}
}
@article{fds340433,
Author = {Trotter, DEG and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Walter,
RL},
Title = {Neutron–deuteron analyzing power at En=2.0 MeV},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {684},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {701-703},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(01)00466-3},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(01)00466-3},
Key = {fds340433}
}
@article{fds304577,
Author = {Howell, CR},
Title = {Nucleon-deuteron breakup: Truths and implications},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {689},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {298-307},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(01)00844-2},
Abstract = {The results of recent nucleon-deuteron breakup experiments
are reviewed, and a comparative evaluation of the data is
presented. Discrepancies between data from different
experiments are identified, and modest attempts to resolve
the discrepancies are made. Differences between the
evaluated data and theory are noted and discussed.
Recommendations for prioritizing the analysis of certain
breakup configurations in completed experiments are given.
In addition, a call for accurate measurements of
neutron-deuteron breakup integrated cross section for
energies between 10 and 30 MeV is made.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0375-9474(01)00844-2},
Key = {fds304577}
}
@article{fds246693,
Author = {Xiong, F and Dutta, D and Xu, W and Anderson, B and Auberbach, L and Averett, T and Bertozzi, W and Black, T and Calarco, J and Cardman, L and Cates, GD and Chai, ZW and Chen, JP and Choi, S and Chudakov, E and Churchwell, S and Corrado, GS and Crawford, C and Dale, D and Deur, A and Djawotho, P and Filippone, BW and Finn, JM and Gao, H and Gilman, R and Glamazdin, AV and Glashausser, C and Glöckle, W and Golak, J and Gomez,
J and Gorbenko, VG and Hansen, JO and Hersman, FW and Higinbotham, DW and Holmes, R and Howell, CR and Hughes, E and Humensky, B and Incerti, S and de Jager, CW and Jensen, JS and Jiang, X and Jones, CE and Jones, M and Kahl, R and Kamada, H and Kievsky, A and Kominis, I and Korsch, W and Kramer, K and Kumbartzki, G and Kuss, M and Lakuriqi, E and Liang, M and Liyanage, N and LeRose, J and Malov, S and Margaziotis, DJ and Martin,
JW and McCormick, K and McKeown, RD and McIlhany, K and Meziani, ZE and Michaels, R and Miller, GW and Pace, E and Pavlin, T and Petratos, GG and Pomatsalyuk, RI and Pripstein, D and Prout, D and Ransome, RD and Roblin, Y and Rvachev, M and Saha, A and Salmè, G and Schnee, M and Shin,
T and Slifer, K and Souder, PA and Strauch, S and Suleiman, R and Sutter,
M and Tipton, B and Todor, L and Viviani, M and Vlahovic, B and Watson, J and Williamson, CF and Witała, H and Wojtsekhowski, B and Yeh, J and Zołnierczuk, P},
Title = {Precision measurement of the spin-dependent asymmetry in the
threshold region of 3He(e, e').},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {87},
Number = {24},
Pages = {242501},
Year = {2001},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.87.242501},
Abstract = {We present the first precision measurement of the
spin-dependent asymmetry in the threshold region of
3He(e,e') at Q2 values of 0.1 and 0.2 (GeV/c)2. The
agreement between the data and nonrelativistic Faddeev
calculations which include both final-state interactions and
meson-exchange current effects is very good at Q2 = 0.1
(GeV/c)2, while a small discrepancy at Q2 = 0.2 (GeV/c)2 is
observed.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.87.242501},
Key = {fds246693}
}
@inproceedings{fds4298,
Author = {B.G. Levakov and V.I. Litvin and A.E. Lyzhin and E.V. Lychagin and A.
Yu. Muzichka and G.V. Nekhaev and A.V. Strelkov and E.I. Sharapov and V.N. Shvetsov and C.R. Howell and G.E. Mitchell and W. Tornow and C.D.
Bowman, B.E. Crawford and S.L. Stephenson},
Title = {Thermal Neutron Fluxes at the Reactor Yaguar for the
NN-Scattering Experiment},
Journal = {Proceedings of the IX International Seminar on Interactions
of Neutrons with Nuclei, Dubna, Russia, May
2001},
Pages = {27},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds4298}
}
@article{fds53234,
Author = {W.I. Furman and the DIANNA Collaboration (including C.R.
Howell and G.E. Mitchell and W. Tornow)},
Title = {The Reactor YAGUAR Pulse Shape and Neutron Density
Measurements},
Journal = {Proceedings of the X International Seminar on Interactions
of Neutrons with Nuclei, Dubna, May 2002},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds53234}
}
@article{fds246810,
Author = {Furman, WI and Lychagin, EV and Muzichka, AY and Nekhaev, GV and Safronov, YV and Strelkov, AV and Sharapov, EI and Shvetsov, VN and Levakov, BG and Litvin, VI and Lyzhin, AE and Magda, EP and Howell, CR and Mitchell, GE and Tornow, W and Crawford, BE and Stephenson, SL and Bowman, CD},
Title = {Direct measurement of the neutron-neutron scattering cross
section at the reactor YAGUAR},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2627-2641},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/28/10/308},
Abstract = {We propose to perform the first measurement of the
neutron-neutron scattering cross section in the
through-channel of the pulsed aperiodic reactor YAGUAR
(Snezhinsk, Russia). Such a measurement directly determines
the neutron-neutron scattering length, and by comparison
with the proton-proton scattering length bears upon the
issue of charge symmetry of the nuclear force. The proposed
experimental set-up, as well as modelling of the neutron
density and of the frequency of neutron-neutron collisions
is described. Experimental results are reported on the
formation and optimization of the thermal neutron field
inside the through-channel of the reactor YAGUAR. The
instantaneous value of 1.1 × 1018 cm-2 s-1 obtained for the
thermal neutron flux density is large enough to perform the
first direct neutron-neutron scattering length
measurement.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/28/10/308},
Key = {fds246810}
}
@article{fds246652,
Author = {Witała, H and Golak, J and Skibiński, R and Howell, CR and Tornow,
W},
Title = {Effects of the magnetic moment interaction between nucleons
on observables in the 3N continuum},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {67},
Number = {6},
Pages = {640021-640028},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0301022v1},
Abstract = {The influence of the magnetic moment interaction of nucleons
on nucleon-deuteron elastic scattering and breakup cross
sections and on elastic scattering polarization observables
has been studied. Among the numerous elastic scattering
observables only the vector analyzing powers were found to
show a significant effect, and of opposite sign for the
proton-deuteron and neutron-deuteron systems. This finding
results in an even larger discrepancy than the one
previously established between neutron-deuteron data and
theoretical calculations. For the breakup reaction the
largest effect was found for the final-state-interaction
cross sections. The consequences of this observation on
previous determinations of the 1S0 scattering lengths from
breakup data are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.67.064002},
Key = {fds246652}
}
@article{fds246804,
Author = {Churchwell, RMEAIS and Howell, CR and Tajima, S},
Title = {Measurements of Gen/Gmn from the 2H(e,e'n) Reaction to
Q2=1.45 (GeV/c)2},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {91},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1220021-1220025},
Year = {2003},
Abstract = {The measurements of GEn/GMn obtained via recoil polarimetry
from the quasielastic 2H(e→,e′n→)1H reaction at three
central Q2 values of 0.45, 1.15 and 1.47 (GeV/c)2 were
reported. A beam of longitudinally polarized electrons was
found to scatter quasielastically from a neutron in a 15-cm
liquid deuterium target. A scattered electron was detected
in the High Momentum Spectrometer (HMS) in coincidence with
the recoil neutron.},
Key = {fds246804}
}
@article{fds246807,
Author = {Tornow, W and Czakon, NG and Howell, CR and Hutcheson, A and Kelley, JH and Litvinenko, VN and Mikhailov, SF and Pinayev, IV and Weisel, GJ and Witala, H},
Title = {Low-Energy Photodisintegration of the Deuteron and Big-Bang
Nucleosynthesis},
Journal = {Phys. Lett. B},
Volume = {574},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {8},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.078},
Abstract = {The photon analyzing power for the photodisintegration of
the deuteron was measured for seven gamma-ray energies
between 2.39 and 4.05 MeV using the linearly polarized
gamma-ray beam of the high-intensity gamma-ray source at the
Duke Free-Electron Laser Laboratory. The data provide a
stringent test of theoretical calculations for the inverse
reaction, the neutron-proton radiative capture reaction at
energies important for Big-Bang nucleosynthesis. Our data
are in excellent agreement with potential model and
effective field theory calculations. Therefore, the
uncertainty in the baryon density Ω Bh2 obtained from
Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis can be reduced at least by 20%. ©
2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.078},
Key = {fds246807}
}
@article{fds246808,
Author = {Churchwell, WXEAIS and Dutta, D and Gao, H and Howell,
CR},
Title = {PWIA Extraction of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor from
Quasi-Elastic 3He(e,e') at Q2=0.3 to 0.6
(GeV/c)2,},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {012201(R)},
Year = {2003},
Abstract = {A high precision measurement of the transverse
spin-dependent asymmetry AT′ in 3He→(e→,e′)
quasielastic scattering was performed in Hall A at Jefferson
Lab at values of the squared four-momentum transfer, Q2,
between 0.1 and 0.6 (GeV/c)2. AT′ is sensitive to the
neutron magnetic form factor, GMn. Values of GMn at Q2 = 0.1
and 0.2 (GeV/c)2, extracted using Faddeev calculations, were
reported previously. Here, we report the extraction of GMn
for the remaining Q2 values in the range from 0.3 to 0.6
(GeV/c)2 using a plane-wave impulse approximation
calculation. The results are in good agreement with recent
precision data from experiments using a deuterium
target.},
Key = {fds246808}
}
@article{fds246813,
Author = {Tornow, W and Czakon, NG and Howell, CR and Hutcheson, A and Kelley, JH and Litvinenko, VN and Mikhailov, S and Pinayev, IV and Weisel, GJ and Witala, H},
Title = {Analyzing Power for the Photodisintegration of the Deuteron
Between Eg = 2.4 and 4.0 MeV},
Journal = {Mod. Phys. Lett. A},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2-6},
Pages = {282},
Publisher = {World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S021773230301034X},
Abstract = {The photon analyzing power for the photodisintegration of
the deuteron was measured for seven gamma-ray energies
between 2.39 and 4.05 MeV using the linearly polarized
gamma-ray beam of the High-Intensity Gamma-ray Source at the
Duke Free-Electron Laser Laboratory. The data provide a
stringent test of theoretical calculations for the inverse
reaction, the neutron-proton radiative capture reaction at
energies important for Big-Bang nucleosynthesis. Our data
are in excellent agreement with potential model and
effective field theory calculations.},
Doi = {10.1142/S021773230301034X},
Key = {fds246813}
}
@article{fds304578,
Author = {Madey, R and Semenov, AY and Taylor, S and Plaster, B and Aghalaryan, A and Crouse, E and MacLachlan, G and Tajima, S and Tireman, W and Yan, C and Ahmidouch, A and Anderson, BD and Arenhövel, H and Asaturyan, R and Baker, OK and Baldwin, AR and Barkhuff, D and Breuer, H and Carlini, R and Christy, E and Churchwell, S and Cole, L and Danagoulian, S and Day, D and Eden, T and Elaasar, M and Ent, R and Farkhondeh, M and Fenker, H and Finn,
JM and Gan, L and Garrow, K and Gasparian, A and Gueye, P and Howell, CR and Hu, B and Jones, MK and Kelly, JJ and Keppel, C and Khandaker, M and Kim,
WY and Kowalski, S and Lai, A and Lung, A and Mack, D and Manley, DM and Markowitz, P and Mitchell, J and Mkrtchyan, H and Opper, AK and Perdrisat, C and Punjabi, V and Raue, B and Reichelt, T and Reinhold, J and Roche, J and Sato, Y and Savvinov, N and Semenova, IA and Seo, W and Simicevic, N and Smith, G and Stepanyan, S and Tadevosyan, V and Tang,
L and Ulmer, PE and Vulcan, W and Watson, JW and Wells, S and Wesselmann,
F and Wood, S and Yang, S and Yuan, L and Zhang, WM and Zhu, H and Zhu,
X},
Title = {Measurements of GEn/GMn
from the 2H(e→, e′n→)1H
Reaction to Q2 = 1.45 (GeV/c)2},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {91},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1220021-1220025},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.91.122002},
Abstract = {The measurements of GEn/GMn obtained via recoil polarimetry
from the quasielastic 2H(e→,e′n→)1H reaction at three
central Q2 values of 0.45, 1.15 and 1.47 (GeV/c)2 were
reported. A beam of longitudinally polarized electrons was
found to scatter quasielastically from a neutron in a 15-cm
liquid deuterium target. A scattered electron was detected
in the High Momentum Spectrometer (HMS) in coincidence with
the recoil neutron.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.91.122002},
Key = {fds304578}
}
@article{fds304581,
Author = {Xu, W and Anderson, B and Auberbach, L and Averett, T and Bertozzi, W and Black, T and Calarco, J and Cardman, L and Cates, GD and Chai, ZW and Chen,
JP and Choi, S and Chudakov, E and Churchwell, S and Corrado, GS and Crawford, C and Dale, D and Deur, A and Djawotho, P and Donnelly, TW and Dutta, D and Finn, JM and Gao, H and Gilman, R and Glamazdin, AV and Glashausser, C and Glöckle, W and Golak, J and Gomez, J and Gorbenko,
VG and Hansen, JO and Hersman, FW and Higinbotham, DW and Holmes, R and Howell, CR and Hughes, E and Humensky, B and Incerti, S and Jager, CWD and Jensen, JS and Jiang, X and Jones, CE and Jones, M and Kahl, R and Kamada,
H and Kievsky, A and Kominis, I and Korsch, W and Kramer, K and Kumbartzki,
G and Kuss, M and Lakuriqi, E and Liang, M and Liyanage, N and LeRose, J and Malov, S and Margaziotis, DJ and Martin, JW and McCormick, K and McKeown, RD and McIlhany, K and Meziani, ZE and Michaels, R and Miller,
GW and Mitchell, J and Nanda, S and Pace, E and Pavlin, T and Petratos, GG and Pomatsalyuk, RI and Pripstein, D and Prout, D and Ransome, RD and Roblin, Y and Rvachev, M and Saha, A and Salmè, G and Schnee, M and Shin,
T and Slifer, K and Souder, PA and Strauch, S and Suleiman, R and Sutter,
M and Tipton, B and Todor, L and Viviani, M and Vlahovic, B and Watson, J and Williamson, CF and Witała, H and Wojtsekhowski, B and Xiong, F and Yeh,
J and Zołnierczuk, P},
Title = {Plane-wave impulse approximation extraction of the neutron
magnetic form factor from quasielastic 3He→(e→,e′)
at Q2 = 0.3 to 0.6 (GeV/c)2},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {122011-122015},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.67.012201},
Abstract = {A high precision measurement of the transverse
spin-dependent asymmetry AT′ in 3He→(e→,e′)
quasielastic scattering was performed in Hall A at Jefferson
Lab at values of the squared four-momentum transfer, Q2,
between 0.1 and 0.6 (GeV/c)2. AT′ is sensitive to the
neutron magnetic form factor, GMn. Values of GMn at Q2 = 0.1
and 0.2 (GeV/c)2, extracted using Faddeev calculations, were
reported previously. Here, we report the extraction of GMn
for the remaining Q2 values in the range from 0.3 to 0.6
(GeV/c)2 using a plane-wave impulse approximation
calculation. The results are in good agreement with recent
precision data from experiments using a deuterium
target.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.67.012201},
Key = {fds304581}
}
@article{fds17224,
Author = {E.M. Neidel and W. Tornow and D.E. Gonzalez Trotter and C.R. Howell and A.S. Crowell and R.A. Macri and R.L. Walter and G.J. Weisel and J.
Esterline, H. Witala and B.J. Crowe III and R.S. Pedroni and D.M.
Markoff},
Title = {A new twist to the long-standing three-nucleon analyzering
power puzzle},
Journal = {Physics Letters B},
Volume = {552},
Pages = {29},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds17224}
}
@article{fds17245,
Author = {C.R. Howell},
Title = {Review of Indirect Methods used to Determine the
1S0 Neutron-Neutron Scatteing
Length},
Journal = {Proceedings of the X International Seminar on Interactions
of Neutrons with Nuclei, ISINN-10},
Pages = {71},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds17245}
}
@article{fds17225,
Author = {W.I. Furman and E.V. Lychagin and A.Yu. Muzichka and G.V. Nekhaev and A.V. Strelkov and E.I. Sharapov and V.N. Shvetsov and B.G. Levakov and V.I. Litvin and A.E. Lyzhin and C.R. Howell and G.E. Mitchell and W.
Tornow, C.D. Bowman and B.E. Crawford and C.B. Dallas and J.R.
Greece, M.E. Morris and S.},
Title = {Current Status of the Proposal for the Direct Measurement of
the Neutron-Neutron Scattering Length at the Reactor
YAGUAR},
Journal = {Proceedings of the X International Seminar on Interactions
of Neutrons with Nuclei, ISINN-X},
Pages = {410},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds17225}
}
@article{fds17226,
Author = {C.D. Bowman and B.E. Crawford and C.B. Dallas and W.I. Furman and C.R.
Howell, B.G. Levakov and V.I. Litvin and E.V. Lychagin and A.E.
Lyzhin, E.P. Magda and G.E. Mitchell and M.E. Morris and A.Yu.
Muzichka, G.V. Nekhaev and Yu.V. Safronov and E.I. Sharapov and V.N.
Shvetsov, A.V. Strelkov and an},
Title = {Monte Carlo Modeling of the Neutron Field inside the YAGUAR
Through Channel},
Journal = {Proceedings of the X International Seminar on Interactions
of Neutrons with Nuclei, ISINN-X},
Pages = {427},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds17226}
}
@article{fds17227,
Author = {W.I. Furman and J.R. Greece and C.R. Howell and B.G. Levakov and V.I.
Litvin, E.V. Lychagin and A.E. Lyzhin and E.P. Magda and G.E.
Mitchell, M.E. Morris and A.Yu. Muzichka and G.V. Nekhaev and Yu.V.
Safronov, E.I. Sharapov and V.N. Shvetsov and S.L. Stephenson and A.V. Strelkov and W. Tornow},
Title = {Detector Count Rates in the YAGUAR nn-scattering
Experiment},
Journal = {Proceedings of X International Seminar on Interactions of
Neutrons with Nuclei, ISINN-X},
Pages = {436},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds17227}
}
@article{fds30174,
Author = {G.E. Mitchell and C.D. Bowman and Yu.I. Chernuhin and B.E. Crawford and W.I. Furman and C.R. Howell and B.G. Levakov and V.I. Litvin and E.P.
Magda, A.Yu. Muzichka and G.V. Nekhaev and Yu.V. Safronov and E.V.
Lychagin, A.E. Lyzhin and V.N. Shvetsov and S.L. Stephenson and A.V.
Strelkov, E.I. Shar},
Title = {Reactor YAGUAR as a Pulsed Source for a Direct nn-Scattering
Measurement},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ICANS XVI},
Pages = {79},
Publisher = {(Forschungzentrum Julich GmbH, Julich)},
Editor = {G. Mank and H. Conrad},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds30174}
}
@article{fds30177,
Author = {G.E. Mitchell and B.E. Crawford and C.D. Bowman and C.B. Dallas and W.I.
Furman, C.R. Howell and B.G. Levakov and V.I. Litvin and E.V.
Lychagin, A.E. Lyzhin and E.P. Magda and M.E. Morris and A.Yu.
Muzichka, G.V. Nekhaev and Yu.V. Safronov and E.I. Sharapov and V.N.
Shvetsov, S.L. Stephenson},
Title = {Modeling of the Neutron Field and Count Rates for the
NN-experiment},
Journal = {Proceedings of the IIIrd International Conference on
Nuclear-pumped Lasers and Pulse Reactors, Snezhinsk,
Russia},
Pages = {632},
Publisher = {(Russian Federal Center - All-Russian Scientific Institute
of Technical Physics, Snezhinsk, Russia)},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds30177}
}
@article{fds30178,
Author = {E.I. Sharapov and C.D. Bowman and B.E. Crawford and W.I. Furman and C.R.
Howell, B.G. Levakov and V.I. Litvin and E.V. Lychagin and A.E.
Lyzhin, E.P. Magda and G.E. Mitchell and M.E. Morris and A.Yu.
Muzichka, G.V. Nekhaev and Yu.V. Safronov and V.N. Shvetsov and S.L.
Stephenson, A.V. Strelkov},
Title = {Current Condition of the Experiment Project on the Direct
Measurement of Neutron Scattering Length on the YAGUAR
Pulsed Reactor},
Journal = {Proceedings of the IIIrd International Conference on
Nuclear-pumped Lasers and Pulsed Reactors, Snezhinsk,
Russia},
Pages = {644},
Publisher = {(Russian Federal Center - All-Russian Scientific Institute
of Technical Physics, Snezhinsk, Russia)},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds30178}
}
@article{fds246651,
Author = {Gueorguiev, GP and Howell, CR and Mitchell, GE and Sharapov, EI and Tornow, W},
Title = {Modeling fast neutron shielding for the direct nn-scattering
experiment},
Journal = {International Meeting on Nuclear Applications of Accelerator
Technology: Accelerator Application in a Nuclear
Renaissance},
Pages = {53-58},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Modern high power accelerators and reactors provide the
possibility of a direct measurement of neutron-neutron
scattering. This experiment addresses the fundamental
problem of charge symmetry in the nuclear force by comparing
the proton-proton, pp, and neutron-neutron, nn, scattering
lengths. The high flux pulsed reactor YAGUAR will be used to
perform the experiment, with a neutron detector placed in an
evacuated underground channel. Of paramount importance is
the detector background. Here we address the fission neutron
background component due to the delayed neutrons multiplied
in the subcritical reactor. The Monte Carlo MCNP4-C code
with the weight window variance reduction technique was
chosen to calculate the neutron transport for a 6-m model of
the shield consisting of water, concrete, and earth, with a
7-cm diameter channel lined with boron carbide. The present
calculations are important for refining the background
calculations for the real nn-experiment. These results can
also be extended to design studies of biological shields at
accelerators.},
Key = {fds246651}
}
@article{fds246805,
Author = {Nagadi, MM and Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Weisel, GJ and Al-Ohali, MA and Braun, RT and Setze, HR and Chen, Z and Walter, RL and Delaroche, JP and Romain, P},
Title = {Dispersive optical-model and coupled-channels descriptions
of neutron scattering from [Formula Presented] and [Formula
Presented] up to [Formula Presented]},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {68},
Number = {4},
Pages = {8},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000187575300044&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Differential cross sections [Formula Presented] and
analyzing powers [Formula Presented] have been measured for
neutron scattering from [Formula Presented] and [Formula
Presented] at [Formula Presented] at the Triangle
Universities Nuclear Laboratory using standard
time-of-flight techniques. In addition, [Formula Presented]
was measured for [Formula Presented] at 10, 12, 14, 17, and
[Formula Presented]. Two large databases covering the energy
range from 0.1 to [Formula Presented] were formed for these
nuclei from this new data and previously published data,
including that for the total cross section [Formula
Presented]. These sets of data were analyzed using spherical
dispersive optical-model (DOM) potentials, as well as
coupled-channels model (CCM) potentials. The [Formula
Presented] DOM gives good agreement with the [Formula
Presented] data, except in the region of the first minimum.
It also gives a reasonable description of our [Formula
Presented] measurement. The [Formula Presented] DOM gives
good agreement with the data, except for [Formula Presented]
at backward angles below [Formula Presented] and for
[Formula Presented], for which there is up to [Formula
Presented] disagreement in the [Formula Presented] range.
Compared to the DOM, the [Formula Presented] CCM
calculations give improved agreement with the [Formula
Presented] data, especially at the first minimum. The
[Formula Presented] calculations agree with the data to
within about [Formula Presented] above [Formula Presented].
The three-level CCM calculations for [Formula Presented]
give excellent agreement with the entire database. © 2003
The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044610},
Key = {fds246805}
}
@article{fds340912,
Author = {Xu, W and Anderson, B and Auberbach, L and Averett, T and Bertozzi, W and Black, T and Calarco, J and Cardman, L and Cates, GD and Chai, ZW and Chen,
JP and Choi, S and Chudakov, E and Churchwell, S and Corrado, GS and Crawford, C and Dale, D and Deur, A and Djawotho, P and Donnelly, TW and Dutta, D and Finn, JM and Gao, H and Gilman, R and Glamazdin, AV and Glashausser, C and Glöckle, W and Golak, J and Gomez, J and Gorbenko,
VG and Hansen, JO and Hersman, FW and Higinbotham, DW and Holmes, R and Howell, CR and Hughes, E and Humensky, B and Incerti, S and De Jager,
CW and Jensen, JS and Jiang, X and Jones, CE and Jones, M and Kahl, R and Kamada, H and Kievsky, A and Kominis, I and Korsch, W and Kramer, K and Kumbartzki, G and Kuss, M and Lakuriqi, E and Liang, M and Liyanage, N and LeRose, J and Malov, S and Margaziotis, DJ and Martin, JW and McCormick,
K and McKeown, RD and McIlhany, K and Meziani, ZE and Michaels, R and Miller, GW and Mitchell, J and Nanda, S and Pace, E and Pavlin, T and Petratos, GG and Pomatsalyuk, RI and Pripstein, D and Prout, D and Ransome, RD and Roblin, Y and Rvachev, M and Saha, A and Salmè, G and Schnee, M and Shin, T and Slifer, K and Souder, PA and Strauch, S and Suleiman, R and Sutter, M and Tipton, B and Todor, L and Viviani, M and Vlahovic, B and Watson, J and Williamson, CF and Witała, H and Wojtsekhowski, B and Xiong, F and Yeh, J and Zołnierczuk,
P},
Title = {Plane-wave impulse approximation extraction of the neutron
magnetic form factor from quasielastic 3He→(e→,e′)
at Q2 = 0.3 to 0.6 (GeV/c)2},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {122011-122015},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.67.012201},
Abstract = {A high precision measurement of the transverse
spin-dependent asymmetry AT′ in 3He→(e→,e′)
quasielastic scattering was performed in Hall A at Jefferson
Lab at values of the squared four-momentum transfer, Q2,
between 0.1 and 0.6 (GeV/c)2. AT′ is sensitive to the
neutron magnetic form factor, GMn. Values of GMn at Q2 = 0.1
and 0.2 (GeV/c)2, extracted using Faddeev calculations, were
reported previously. Here, we report the extraction of GMn
for the remaining Q2 values in the range from 0.3 to 0.6
(GeV/c)2 using a plane-wave impulse approximation
calculation. The results are in good agreement with recent
precision data from experiments using a deuterium
target.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.67.012201},
Key = {fds340912}
}
@article{fds347818,
Author = {Tornow, W and Czakon, NC and Howell, CR and Hutcheson, A and Kelley, JH and Litvinenko, VN and Mikhailov, S and Pinayev, IV and Weisel, GJ and Witala, H},
Title = {Photodisintegration of the deuteron between E-gamma=2.4 and
4.0 MeV},
Journal = {FEW BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS '02},
Volume = {14},
Pages = {347-348},
Publisher = {SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN},
Editor = {Krivec, R and Golli, B and Rosina, M and Sirca, S},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds347818}
}
@article{fds376805,
Author = {Xu, W and Anderson, B and Auberbach, L and Averett, T and Bertozzi, W and Black, T and Calarco, J and Cardman, L and Cates, GD and Chai, ZW and Chen,
JP and Choi, S and Chudakov, E and Churchwell, S and Corrado, GS and Crawford, C and Dale, D and Deur, A and Djawotho, P and Donnelly, TW and Dutta, D and Finn, JM and Gao, H and Gilman, R and Glamazdin, AV and Glashausser, C and Glöckle, W and Golak, J and Gomez, J and Gorbenko,
VG and Hansen, J and Hersman, FW and Higinbotham, DW and Holmes, R and Howell, CR and Hughes, E and Humensky, B and Incerti, S and Jager, CW and Jensen, JS and Jiang, X and Jones, CE and Jones, M and Kahl, R and Kamada,
H and Kievsky, A and Kominis, I and Korsch, W and Kramer, K and Kumbartzki,
G and Kuss, M and Lakuriqi, E and Liang, M and Liyanage, N and LeRose, J and Malov, S and Margaziotis, DJ and Martin, JW and McCormick, K and McKeown, RD and McIlhany, K and Meziani, Z and Michaels, R and Miller,
GW and Mitchell, J and Nanda, S and Pace, E and Pavlin, T and Petratos, GG and Pomatsalyuk, RI and Pripstein, D and Prout, D and Ransome, RD and Roblin, Y and Rvachev, M and Saha, A and Salmè, G and Schnee, M and Shin,
T and Slifer, K and Souder, PA and Strauch, S and Suleiman, R and Sutter,
M and Tipton, B and Todor, L and Viviani, M and Vlahovic, B and Watson, J and Williamson, CF and Witała, H and Wojtsekhowski, B and Xiong, F and Yeh,
J and Żołnierczuk, P},
Title = {Plane-wave impulse approximation extraction of the neutron
magnetic form factor from quasielastic [Formula Presented]
at [Formula Presented] to [Formula Presented]},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.67.012201},
Abstract = {A high precision measurement of the transverse
spin-dependent asymmetry [Formula Presented] in [Formula
Presented] quasielastic scattering was performed in Hall A
at Jefferson Lab at values of the squared four-momentum
transfer, [Formula Presented] between 0.1 and 0.6 [Formula
Presented] [Formula Presented] is sensitive to the neutron
magnetic form factor, [Formula Presented] Values of [Formula
Presented] at [Formula Presented] and [Formula Presented]
extracted using Faddeev calculations, were reported
previously. Here, we report the extraction of [Formula
Presented] for the remaining [Formula Presented] values in
the range from 0.3 to [Formula Presented] using a plane-wave
impulse approximation calculation. The results are in good
agreement with recent precision data from experiments using
a deuterium target. © 2003 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.67.012201},
Key = {fds376805}
}
@article{fds246811,
Author = {Neidel, EM and Tornow, W and González Trotter and DE and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS and Macri, RA and Walter, RL and Weisel, GJ and Esterline,
J and Witała, H and Crowe, BJ and Pedroni, RS and Markoff,
DM},
Title = {A new twist to the long-standing three-nucleon analyzing
power puzzle},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {552},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {29-34},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03106-4},
Abstract = {New results for the neutron-deuteron analyzing power Ay(θ)
at En = 1.2 and 1.9 MeV and their comparison to
proton-deuteron data reveal a sizeable and unexpected
difference which increases with decreasing center-of-mass
energy. This finding calls for the theoretical treatment of
a subtle electromagnetic effect presently not incorporated
in rigorous three-nucleon scattering calculations, before it
is justified to invoke charge-dependent three-nucleon forces
and/or other new physics. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03106-4},
Key = {fds246811}
}
@article{fds246809,
Author = {Tornow, W and Neidel, EM and González Trotter and DE and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS and Macri, RA and Walter, RL and Weisel, GJ and Esterline,
J and Witala, H and Crowe, BJ and Pedroni, RS and Markoff,
DM},
Title = {Electromagnetic effects and the long-standing three-nucleon
analyzing power puzzle},
Journal = {Modern Physics Letters A},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2-6},
Pages = {258-261},
Publisher = {World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0217732303010314},
Abstract = {New results for the neutron-deuteron analyzing power Ay (θ)
at En = 1.2 and 1.9 MeV and their comparison to
proton-deuteron data reveal a sizeable and unexpected
difference which increases with decreasing center-of-mass
energy. This finding calls for the theoretical treatment of
a subtle electromagnetic effect presently not incorporated
in rigorous three-nucleon scattering calculations, before it
is justified to invoke charge-dependent three-nucleon forces
and/or other new physics.},
Doi = {10.1142/S0217732303010314},
Key = {fds246809}
}
@article{fds246653,
Author = {Madey, R and Semenov, AY and Taylor, S and Aghalaryan, A and Crouse, E and MacLachlan, G and Plaster, B and Tajima, S and Tireman, W and Yan, C and Ahmidouch, A and Anderson, BD and Arenhövel, H and Asaturyan, R and Baker, O and Baldwin, AR and Breuer, H and Carlini, R and Christy, E and Churchwell, S and Cole, L and Danagoulian, S and Day, D and Elaasar, M and Ent, R and Farkhondeh, M and Fenker, H and Finn, JM and Gan, L and Garrow,
K and Gueye, P and Howell, C and Hu, B and Jones, MK and Kelly, JJ and Keppel,
C and Khandaker, M and Kim, WY and Kowalski, S and Lung, A and Mack, D and Manley, DM and Markowitz, P and Mitchell, J and Mkrtchyan, H and Opper,
A and Perdrisat, C and Punjabi, V and Raue, B and Reichelt, T and Reinhold,
J and Roche, J and Sato, Y and Semenova, IA and Seo, W and Simicevic, N and Smith, G and Stepanyan, S and Tadevosyan, V and Tang, L and Ulmer, P and Vulcan, W and Watson, JW and Wells, S and Wesselmann, F and Wood, S and Yang, S and Yuan, L and Zhang, WM and Zhu, H and Zhu,
X},
Title = {Neutron electric form factor up to Q2 = 1.47
(GeV/c)2},
Journal = {European Physical Journal A},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {323-327},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2002-10169-6},
Abstract = {The ratio of the electric to the magnetic form factor of the
neutron, g ≡ GEn/GMn, was measured via recoil polarimetry
(R.G. Arnold, C.E. Carlson, F. Gross, Phys. Rev. C 23, 363
(1981)) from the quasielastic 2H(e→, e′ n→) 1H
reaction at three values of Q2 (viz, 0.45, 1.15, and 1.47
(GeV/c)2) in Hall C of the Thomas Jefferson National
Accelerator Facility. The data reveal that Gen continues to
follow the Galster parameterization up to Q2 = 1.15 (GeV/c)2
and rises above the Galster parameterization at Q2 = 1.47
(GeV/c)2.},
Doi = {10.1140/epja/i2002-10169-6},
Key = {fds246653}
}
@article{fds347817,
Author = {Vylet, V and Bowman, CD and Crowell, AS and Howell, CR and Tonchev, A and Tornow, A},
Title = {Accelerator-driven waste transmutation experiment.},
Journal = {HEALTH PHYSICS},
Volume = {84},
Number = {6},
Pages = {S231-S231},
Publisher = {LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds347817}
}
@article{fds333216,
Author = {Howell, CR},
Title = {Results from Indirect Measurements of the
1S0 Neutron-Neutron Scattering
Length},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {680},
Pages = {283-287},
Publisher = {AIP},
Editor = {Jerome L. Duggan and I.L. Morgan},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {0735401497},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1619717},
Abstract = {The ultra-high sensitivity of the 1S0 nucleon-nucleon (NN)
scattering length to the strength of the nuclear potential
makes it a central parameter for quantifying charge symmetry
breaking in the strong nuclear force. Of the three 1S0 NN
scattering lengths, the value of the neutron-neutron (nn)
scattering length ann is the most uncertain. A number of
reactions that produce two neutrons with low relative
momentum have been used to determine ann. However, the two
reactions that give ann with the least theoretical
uncertainty are pion-deuteron capture (π-+d → n+n+γ) and
neutron-deuteron breakup (n+d → n+n+p). Discrepancies
between the results of different nd breakup experiments
raise serious concerns about the use of this reaction to
determine ann. In this paper the results obtained using
these two popular reactions will be summarized and discussed
in the context of the experimental techniques and theory
used to determine ann in selected experiments.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1619717},
Key = {fds333216}
}
@article{fds332816,
Author = {Sharapov, EI and Bowman, CD and Crawford, BE and Furman, WI and Howell,
CR and Levakov, BG and Litvin, VI and Lychagin, WI and Lyzhin, AE and Magda, EP and Mitchell, GE and Muzichka, GV and Nekhaev, GV and Safronov, YV and Shvetsov, VN and Stephenson, SL and Strelkov, AV and Tornow, W},
Title = {Direct Measurement of Neutron-Neutron Scattering},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {680},
Series = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Pages = {261-264},
Publisher = {AIP},
Editor = {J.L. Duggan and I.L. Morgan},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {0735401497},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1619711},
Abstract = {In order to resolve long-standing discrepancies in indirect
measurements of the neutron-neutron scattering length ann
and contribute to solving the problem of the charge symmetry
of the nuclear force, the collaboration DIANNA (Direct
Investigation of ann Association) plans to measure the
neutron-neutron scattering cross section σnn. The key issue
of our approach is the use of the through-channel in the
Russia reactor YAGUAR with a peak neutron flux of 1018
/cm2/s. The proposed experimental setup is described.
Results of calculations are presented to connect σnn with
the nn-collision detector count rate and the neutron flux
density in the reactor channel. Measurements of the thermal
neutron fields inside polyethylene converters show excellent
prospects for the realization of the direct
nn-experiment.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1619711},
Key = {fds332816}
}
@article{fds246655,
Author = {Reichelt, T and Madey, R and Semenov, AY and Taylor, S and Aghalaryan,
A and Crouse, E and MacLachlan, G and Plaster, B and Tajima, S and Tireman,
W and Yan, C and Ahmidouch, A and Andersen, BD and Asaturyan, R and Baker,
O and Baldwin, AR and Breuer, H and Carlini, R and Christy, E and Churchwell, S and Cole, L and Danagoulian, S and Day, D and Elaasar, M and Ent, R and Farkondeh, M and Fenker, H and Finn, FM and Gan, L and Garrow,
K and Gueye, P and Howell, C and Hu, B and Jones, MK and Kelly, JJ and Keppel,
C and Khandaker, M and Kim, WY and Kowalski, S and Lung, A and Mack, D and Manley, DM and Markowitz, P and Mitchell, J and Mkrtchyan, H and Opper,
AK and Perdrisat, C and Punjabi, V and Raue, B and Reinhold, J and Roche,
J and Sato, Y and Seo, W and Simicevic, N and Smith, G and Stepanyan, S and Tadevosyan, V and Tang, L and Ulmer, P and Vulcan, W and Watson, JW and Wells, S and Wesselmann, F and Wood, S and Yuan, L and Yang, S and Zhang,
WM and Zhu, H and Zhu, X and Arenhövel, H},
Title = {Measurement of the neutron electric form factor via recoil
polarimetry},
Journal = {European Physical Journal A},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {181-183},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2002-10296-0},
Abstract = {The ratio Gem/Gmn of the electric to the magnetic form
factor of the neutron has been measured by analyzing the
polarization of the recoiling neutron in quasi-elastic
scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from
deuterium at the Q2 values of 0.45, 1.15, and 1.47 (GeV/c)2.
The experiment has been performed in Hall C of the Thomas
Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. With Gmn being
known Gen, can be deduced. The preliminary results show that
the lowest Q2 points follow the Galster parametrization and
that the 1.47 (GeV/c)2 point rises above this
parametrization.},
Doi = {10.1140/epja/i2002-10296-0},
Key = {fds246655}
}
@article{fds246695,
Author = {al, JAE},
Title = {Basic Instrumentation for Hall A at Jefferson
Lab},
Journal = {Nucl. Instrum. & Meth.},
Volume = {A522},
Number = {3},
Pages = {294},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.415},
Abstract = {The instrumentation in Hall A at the Thomas Jefferson
National Accelerator Facility was designed to study electro-
and photo-induced reactions at very high luminosity and good
momentum and angular resolution for at least one of the
reaction products. The central components of Hall A are two
identical high resolution spectrometers, which allow the
vertical drift chambers in the focal plane to provide a
momentum resolution of better than 2×10-4. A variety of
Cherenkov counters, scintillators and lead-glass
calorimeters provide excellent particle identification. The
facility has been operated successfully at a luminosity well
in excess of 1038 cm-2 s-1. The research program is aimed at
a variety of subjects, including nucleon structure
functions, nucleon form factors and properties of the
nuclear medium. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.415},
Key = {fds246695}
}
@article{fds246798,
Author = {Gao, GLEAIH and Howell, CR},
Title = {Backward Electroproduction of pi0 Mesons on Protons in the
Region of Nucleon Resonances at Four Momentum Transfer
Squared Q2 = 1.0 GeV2},
Journal = {Phy. Rev. C},
Volume = {69},
Number = {4},
Pages = {45203},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000221427500055&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Exclusive electroproduction of π0 mesons on protons in the
backward hemisphere has been studied at Q2 = 1.0 GeV2 by
detecting protons in the forward direction in coincidence
with scattered electrons from the 4 GeV electron beam in
Jefferson Lab's Hall A. The data span the range of the total
(γ*p) center-of-mass energy W from the pion production
threshold to W=2.0 GeV. The differential cross sections σT+
εσL, σTL, and σTT were separated from the azimuthal
distribution and are presented together with the MAID and
SAID parametrizations.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.69.045203},
Key = {fds246798}
}
@article{fds246799,
Author = {al, KGFE and Howell, ICR},
Title = {Dynamics of the Quasielastic 16O(e,ep) Reaction at Q2 ~ 0.8
(GeV/c)2},
Journal = {Phy. Rev. C},
Volume = {70},
Number = {3},
Pages = {034606},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.70.034606},
Abstract = {The physics program in Hall A at Jefferson Lab commenced in
the summer of 1997 with a detailed investigation of the
16O(e,e′p) reaction in quasielastic. constant
(q,ω) kinematics at Q2≈0.8 (GeV/c)2, q ≈ 1
GeV/c, and ω≈445 MeV. Use of a self-calibrating,
self-normalizing, thin-film waterfall target enabled a
systematically rigorous measurement. Five-fold differential
cross-section data for the removal of protons from the
1p-shell have been obtained for 0<p miss<350 MeV/c.
Six-fold differential cross-section data for
0<Emiss<120 MeV were obtained for 0<pmiss<340
MeV/c. These results have been used to extract the ALT
asymmetry and the RL, RT, RLT, and KL+TT effective response
functions over a large range of Emiss and pmiss. Detailed
comparisons of the 1p-shell data with Relativistic
Distorted-Wave Impulse Approximation (RDWIA), Relativistic
Optical-Model Eikonal Approximation (ROMEA). and
Relativistic Multiple-Scattering Glauber Approximation
(RMSGA) calculations indicate that two-body currents
stemming from meson-exchange currents (MEC) and isobar
currents (IC) are not needed to explain the data at this Q2.
Further, dynamical relativistic effects are strongly
indicated by the observed structure in ALT at
pmiss≈300 MeV/c. For 25<Emiss<50 MeV and
pmiss≈50 MeV/c. proton knockout from the 1s1/2-state
dominates, and ROMEA calculations do an excellent job of
explaining the data. However, as p miss increases, the
single-particle behavior of the reaction is increasingly
hidden by more complicated processes, and for 280<p
miss<340 MeV/c, ROMEA calculations together with two-body
currents stemming from MEC and IC account for the shape and
transverse nature of the data, but only about half the
magnitude of the measured cross section. For
50<Emiss<120 MeV and 145<pmiss<340 MeV/c,
(e.e′pN) calculations which include the contributions
of central and tensor correlations (two-nucleon
correlations) together with MEC and IC (two-nucleon
currents) account for only about half of the measured cross
section. The kinematic consistency of the 1p-shell
normalisation factors extracted from these data with respect
to all available 16O(e, e′ p) data is also examined in
detail. Finally, the Q2- dependence of the normalization
factors is discussed.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.70.034606},
Key = {fds246799}
}
@article{fds246800,
Author = {Gao, GLEAIH and Howell, CR},
Title = {Measurement of the Generalized Polarizabilities of the
Proton in Virtual Compton Scattering at Q2 = 0.92 and 1.76
GeV2},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {93},
Number = {12},
Pages = {122001},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.93.122001},
Abstract = {We report a virtual Compton scattering study of the proton
at low c.m. energies. We have determined the structure
functions P(LL)-P(TT)/epsilon and P(LT), and the electric
and magnetic generalized polarizabilities (GPs) alpha(E)(Q2)
and beta(M)(Q2) at momentum transfer Q(2)=0.92 and 1.76
GeV2. The electric GP shows a strong falloff with Q2, and
its global behavior does not follow a simple dipole form.
The magnetic GP shows a rise and then a falloff; this can be
interpreted as the dominance of a long-distance diamagnetic
pion cloud at low Q2, compensated at higher Q2 by a
paramagnetic contribution from piN intermediate
states.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.93.122001},
Key = {fds246800}
}
@article{fds246803,
Author = {Gueorguiev, GP and Howell, CR and Mitchell, GE and sharapov, EI and Tornow, W},
Title = {Modeling Fast Neutron Shielding for the nn-Experiment},
Journal = {Accelerator Applications in a Nuclear Renaissance},
Pages = {53},
Publisher = {(American Nuclear Society, La Grange Park,
Illinois)},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds246803}
}
@article{fds341596,
Author = {Fissum, KG and Liang, M and Anderson, BD and Aniol, KA and Auerbach, L and Baker, FT and Berthot, J and Bertozzi, W and Bertin, PY and Bimbot, L and Boeglin, WU and Brash, EJ and Breton, V and Breuer, H and Burtin, E and Calarco, JR and Cardman, LS and Cates, GD and Cavata, C and Chang, CC and Chen, JP and Cisbani, E and Dale, DS and Jager, CWD and Leo, RD and Deur,
A and Diederich, B and Djawotho, P and Domingo, J and Ducret, JE and Epstein, MB and Ewell, LA and Finn, JM and Fonvieille, H and Frois, B and Frullani, S and Gao, J and Garibaldi, F and Gasparian, A and Gilad, S and Gilman, R and Glamazdin, A and Glashausser, C and Gomez, J and Gorbenko,
V and Gorringe, T and Hersman, FW and Holmes, R and Holtrop, M and d'Hose,
N and Howell, C and Huber, GM and Hyde-Wright, CE and Iodice, M and Jaminion, S and Jones, MK and Joo, K and Jutier, C and Kahl, W and Kato, S and Kelly, JJ and Kerhoas, S and Khandaker, M and Khayat, M and Kino, K and Korsch, W and Kramer, L and Kumar, KS and Kumbartzki, G and Laveissière, G and Leone, A and LeRose, JJ and Levchuk, L and Lindgren,
RA and Liyanage, N and Lolos, GJ and Lourie, RW and Madey, R and Maeda, K and Malov, S and Manley, DM and Margaziotis, DJ and Markowitz, P and Martino, J and McCarthy, JS and McCormick, K and McIntyre, J and Meer,
RLJVD and Meziani, ZE and Michaels, R and Mougey, J and Nanda, S and Neyret, D and Offermann, EAJM and Papandreou, Z and Perdrisat, CF and Perrino, R and Petratos, GG and Platchkov, S and Pomatsalyuk, R and Prout, DL and Punjabi, VA and Pussieux, T and Quéméner, G and Ransome,
RD and Ravel, O and Roblin, Y and Roche, R and Rowntree, D and Rutledge,
GA and Rutt, PM and Saha, A and Saito, T and Sarty, AJ and Serdarevic-Offermann, A and Smith, TP and Soldi, A and Sorokin, P and Souder, P and Suleiman, R and Templon, JA and Terasawa, T and Todor, L and Tsubota, H and Ueno, H and Ulmer, PE and Urciuoli, GM and Vernin, P and Verst, SV and Vlahovic, B and Voskanyan, H and Watson, JW and Weinstein,
LB and Wijesooriya, K and Wojtsekhowski, B and Zainea, DG and Zeps, V and Zhao, J and Zhou, ZL and Udías, JM and Vignote, JR and Ryckebusch, J and Debruyne, D},
Title = {Dynamics of the quasielastic16O(e,e′p) reaction
at Q 2≈0.8 (GeV/c)2},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {70},
Number = {3},
Pages = {0346061-03460630},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.70.034606},
Abstract = {The physics program in Hall A at Jefferson Lab commenced in
the summer of 1997 with a detailed investigation of the
16O(e,e′p) reaction in quasielastic. constant (q,ω)
kinematics at Q2≈0.8 (GeV/c)2, q ≈ 1 GeV/c, and ω≈445
MeV. Use of a self-calibrating, self-normalizing, thin-film
waterfall target enabled a systematically rigorous
measurement. Five-fold differential cross-section data for
the removal of protons from the 1p-shell have been obtained
for 0<p miss<350 MeV/c. Six-fold differential
cross-section data for 0<Emiss<120 MeV were obtained
for 0<pmiss<340 MeV/c. These results have been used to
extract the ALT asymmetry and the RL, RT, RLT, and KL+TT
effective response functions over a large range of Emiss and
pmiss. Detailed comparisons of the 1p-shell data with
Relativistic Distorted-Wave Impulse Approximation (RDWIA),
Relativistic Optical-Model Eikonal Approximation (ROMEA).
and Relativistic Multiple-Scattering Glauber Approximation
(RMSGA) calculations indicate that two-body currents
stemming from meson-exchange currents (MEC) and isobar
currents (IC) are not needed to explain the data at this Q2.
Further, dynamical relativistic effects are strongly
indicated by the observed structure in ALT at pmiss≈300
MeV/c. For 25<Emiss<50 MeV and pmiss≈50 MeV/c.
proton knockout from the 1s1/2-state dominates, and ROMEA
calculations do an excellent job of explaining the data.
However, as p miss increases, the single-particle behavior
of the reaction is increasingly hidden by more complicated
processes, and for 280<p miss<340 MeV/c, ROMEA
calculations together with two-body currents stemming from
MEC and IC account for the shape and transverse nature of
the data, but only about half the magnitude of the measured
cross section. For 50<Emiss<120 MeV and
145<pmiss<340 MeV/c, (e.e′pN) calculations which
include the contributions of central and tensor correlations
(two-nucleon correlations) together with MEC and IC
(two-nucleon currents) account for only about half of the
measured cross section. The kinematic consistency of the
1p-shell normalisation factors extracted from these data
with respect to all available 16O(e, e′ p) data is also
examined in detail. Finally, the Q2- dependence of the
normalization factors is discussed.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.70.034606},
Key = {fds341596}
}
@article{fds43987,
Author = {B.E. Crawford and W.I. Furman and C.R. Howell and B.G. Levakov and V.I.
Litvin, E.V. Lychagin and A.E. Lyzhin and E.P. Magda and G.E.
Mitchell, A.Yu. Muzichka and G.V. Nekhaev and Yu.V. Safronov and E.I.
Sharapov, V.N. Shvetsov and S.L. Stephenson and A.V. Strelkov and W. Tornow},
Title = {Modeling of the YAGUAR Reactor Neutron Field and Detector
Count Rates for the Direct nn-scattering
experiment},
Journal = {Few-Body Problems in Physics: Proceedings of the 17th
International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in
Physics, (Elsevier)},
Pages = {S178},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds43987}
}
@article{fds43988,
Author = {B.E. Crawford and S.L. Stephenson and C.R. Howell and G.E. Mitchell and W. Tornow and W.I. Furman and E.V. Lychagin and A.Yu. Muzichka and G.V.
Nekhaev, A.V. Strelkov and E.I. Sharapov and V.N.
Shvetsov},
Title = {Calculations of neutron velocity and time-of-flight spectra
in the DIANNA neutron-neutron scattering
experiment},
Journal = {XII International Seminar on Interactions of Neutrons with
Nuclei, ISINN-XII,},
Pages = {144 - 152},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds43988}
}
@article{fds246700,
Author = {Floyd, CE and Howell, C and Harrawood, B and Crowell, A and Kapadia, A and Macri, R and Xia, J and Pedroni, R and Bowsher, J and Kiser, M and Tourassi, G and Tornow, W and Walter, R},
Title = {Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography of stable
isotopes},
Journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical
Engineering},
Volume = {5368},
Number = {1},
Pages = {248-254},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2004},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0277-786X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.535350},
Abstract = {Here we report on the development of a new molecular imaging
technique using inelastic scattering of fast neutrons.
Earlier studies demonstrated a significant difference in
trace element concentrations between benign and malignant
tissue for several cancers including breast, lung, and
colon. Unfortunately, the measurement techniques were not
compatible with living organisms and this discovery did not
translate into diagnostic techniques. Recently we have
developed a tomographic approach to measuring the trace
element concentrations using neutrons to stimulate
characteristic gamma emission from atomic nuclei in the
body. Spatial projections of the emitted energy spectra
allow tomographic image reconstruction of the elemental
concentrations. In preliminary experiments, spectra have
been acquired using a 7.5MeV neutron beam incident on
several multielement phantoms. These experiments demonstrate
our ability to determine the presence of Oxygen, Carbon,
Copper, Iron, and Calcium. We desribe the experimental
technique and present acquired spectra.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.535350},
Key = {fds246700}
}
@article{fds246801,
Author = {Crawford, BE and Stephenson, SL and Howell, CR and Mitchell, GE and Tornow, W and Furman, WI and Lychagin, EV and Muzichka, AY and Nekhaev,
GV and Strelkov, AV and Sharapov, EI and Shvetsov,
VN},
Title = {Calculations of neutron spectra after neutron-neutron
scattering},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1269-1285},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/30/9/024},
Abstract = {A direct neutron-neutron scattering length, ann, measurement
with the goal of 3% accuracy (0.5 fm) is under preparation
at the aperiodic pulsed reactor YAGUAR. A direct measurement
of ann will not only help resolve conflicting results of ann
by indirect means, but also in comparison to the
proton-proton scattering length, app, shed light on the
charge-symmetry of the nuclear force. We discuss in detail
the analysis of the nn-scattering data in terms of a simple
analytical expression. We also discuss calibration
measurements using the time-of-flight spectra of neutrons
scattered on He and Ar gases and the neutron activation
technique. In particular, we calculate the neutron velocity
and time-of-flight spectra after scattering neutrons on
neutrons and after scattering neutrons on He and Ar atoms
for the proposed experimental geometry, using a realistic
neutron flux spectrum - Maxwellian plus epithermal tail. The
shape of the neutron spectrum after scattering is
appreciably different from the initial spectrum, due to
collisions between thermal-thermal and thermal-epithermal
neutrons. At the same time, the integral over the Maxwellian
part of the realistic scattering spectrum differs by only
about 6 per cent from that of a pure Maxwellian
nn-scattering spectrum.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/30/9/024},
Key = {fds246801}
}
@article{fds246802,
Author = {Chen, Z and Walter, RL and Tornow, W and Weisel, GJ and Howell,
CR},
Title = {A dispersive optical model for n +120Sn from -15
to +80 MeV and properties of neutron single-particle and
single-hole states},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1847-1859},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/30/12/007},
Abstract = {Data for σ(θ) and Ay(θ) previously obtained at the
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory for 120Sn(n, n) are
combined with other measurements of σ(θ) and Ay(θ) to
create an elastic-scattering database from 9.9 to 24 MeV. In
addition, relatively recent high-accuracy measurements of
the neutron total cross section σT for Sn from 5 to 80 MeV
are combined with earlier σT data to form a detailed σT
database from 0.24 to 80 MeV. All of these data are analysed
in the framework of a dispersive optical model (DOM). The
DOM is extended to negative energies to investigate
properties of single-particle and single-hole bound states.
The DOM also is used in calculations of compound-nucleus
contributions to σ(θ), so that DOM predictions can be
compared to σ(θ) measurements. Excellent agreement is
obtained for the entire set of scattering data from 0.4 to
24 MeV, and for σT values from 0.05 to 80 MeV. Calculations
of bound-state quantities are compared to values derived
from experiment for energies down to -15 MeV. Reasonable
agreement for the binding energies is achieved, while the
predicted spectroscopic factors disagree somewhat with the
values found in stripping and pickup experiments. Finally,
the DOM is modified to investigate two features (volume
absorption that is asymmetric about the Fermi energy and
zero absorption in the vicinity of the Fermi energy) that
have been ignored in many DOM models. These modifications
have little effect on the agreement of the calculations with
the scattering data or with the bound-state
quantities.},
Doi = {10.1088/0954-3899/30/12/007},
Key = {fds246802}
}
@article{fds246732,
Author = {Roper, CD and Tornow, W and Braun, RT and Chen, Q and Crowell, A and Trotter, DG and Howell, CR and Salinas, F and Setze, R and Walter, RL and Chen, Z and Tang, H and Zhou, Z},
Title = {Measurements of Aγ(θ) for 12C(n,n)12C from En =
2.2 to 8.5 MeV},
Journal = {Phys. Rev},
Volume = {C},
Number = {72},
Pages = {024605},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds246732}
}
@article{fds246739,
Author = {al, DJHE},
Title = {Polarization Transfer in Proton Compton Scattering at High
Momentum Transfer},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
Volume = {94},
Number = {24},
Pages = {242001},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.242001},
Abstract = {Compton scattering from the proton was investigated at
s=6.9GeV2 and t=-4.0GeV2 via polarization transfer from
circularly polarized incident photons. The longitudinal and
transverse components of the recoil proton polarization were
measured. The results are in disagreement with a prediction
of perturbative QCD based on a two-gluon exchange mechanism,
but agree well with a prediction based on a reaction
mechanism in which the photon interacts with a single quark
carrying the spin of the proton. © 2005 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.242001},
Key = {fds246739}
}
@article{fds246740,
Author = {Tonchev, AP and Boswell, M and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley,
JH and Tornow, W and Wu, YK},
Title = {The high intensity gamma-ray source HIGS and recent
measurements},
Journal = {Nucl. Instr. Methods B.},
Volume = {241},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {170-175},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0168-583X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000234260000039&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The high intensity γ-ray source (HIγS) utilizes
intra-cavity backscattering of free electron laser photons
from the Duke electron storage ring to produce a unique
monoenergetic beam of high-flux γ-rays with high
polarization and selectable energy resolution. At present,
γ-ray beams with energies from 2 to 58 MeV are
available with intensities as high as 105–5 × 106
γ/s, energy spreads of 3% or better, and nearly 100%
linear polarization. The quality and intensity of the
γ-ray beams at HIγS are responsible for the
unprecedented performance of this facility in a broad range
of research programs in nuclear structure, nuclear
astrophysics and nuclear applications. Recent results from
excitation of isomeric states in (γ, n) reactions and
parity assignments of dipole states determined via the
(γ, γ′) reaction are presented.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2005.07.080},
Key = {fds246740}
}
@article{fds246742,
Author = {Mitchell, GE and Furman, WI and Lychagin, EV and Muzichka, AY and Nekhaev, GV and Strelkov, AV and Sharapov, EI and Shvetsov, VN and Chernuhin, YI and Levakov, BG and Litvin, VI and Lyzhin, AE and Magda,
EP and Crawford, BE and Stephenson, SL and Howell, CR and Tornow,
W},
Title = {Direct nn-Scattering Measurement with the Pulsed Reactor
YAGUAR},
Journal = {J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.},
Volume = {110},
Number = {3},
Pages = {225},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/jres.110.029},
Abstract = {Although crucial for resolving the issue of charge symmetry
in the nuclear force, direct measurement of nn-scattering by
colliding free neutrons has never been performed. At present
the Russian pulsed reactor YAGUAR is the best neutron source
for performing such a measurement. It has a through channel
where the neutron moderator is installed. The neutrons are
counted by a neutron detector located 12 m from the reactor.
In preliminary experiments an instantaneous value of 1.1 ×
10(18)/cm(2)s was obtained for the thermal neutron flux
density. The experiment will be performed by the DIANNA
Collaboration as International Science & Technology Center
(ISTC) project No. 2286.},
Doi = {10.6028/jres.110.029},
Key = {fds246742}
}
@article{fds246743,
Author = {al, VPE and Churchwell, JH-ACIS and Howell, CR and Macri,
RA},
Title = {Proton Elastic Form Factor Ratios to Q2 = 3.5 GeV2 by
Polarization Transfer},
Journal = {Phy. Rev. C},
Volume = {71},
Number = {5},
Pages = {069902},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.71.055202},
Abstract = {The ratio of the proton elastic electromagnetic form
factors, GEp/GMp, was obtained by measuring Pt and P, the
transverse and longitudinal recoil proton polarization
components, respectively, for the elastic e→p→ep→
reaction in the four-momentum transfer squared range of 0.5
to 3.5GeV2. In the single-photon exchange approximation,
GEp/GMp is directly proportional to Pt/P. The simultaneous
measurement of Pt and P in a polarimeter reduces systematic
uncertainties. The results for GEp/GMp show a systematic
decrease with increasing Q2, indicating for the first time a
definite difference in the distribution of charge and
magnetization in the proton. The data have been reanalyzed
and their systematic uncertainties have become significantly
smaller than those reported previously. © 2005 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.71.055202},
Key = {fds246743}
}
@article{fds43989,
Author = {C.D. Roper and W. Tornow and R.T. Braun and Q. Chen and A. Crowell and D.
Gonzalez Trotter and C.R. Howell and F. Salinas and R. Setze and R.L.
Walter, Z. Chen and H. Tang and Z. Zhou},
Title = {Measurement of Ay(θ)
for 12C(n,n)12 from En =
2.2 to 8.5 MeV},
Journal = {Phy. Rev. C},
Volume = {72},
Pages = {024605},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds43989}
}
@article{fds43990,
Author = {A.P. Tonchev and M. Boswell and C.R. Howell and H.J. Karwowski and J.H.
Kelley, W. Tornow and Y.K. Wu},
Title = {The high intensity gamma-ray source HIGS and recent
measurements},
Journal = {Nucl. Instr. Methods B},
Volume = {241},
Pages = {170 - 175},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds43990}
}
@article{fds246662,
Author = {Roper, CD and Tornow, W and Braun, RT and Chen, Q and Crowell, A and Trotter, DG and Howell, CR and Salinas, F and Setze, R and Walter, RL and Chen, Z and Tang, H and Zhou, Z},
Title = {Measurements of Ay(θ) for C12(n,n)C12 from En=2.2 to 8.5
MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {72},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.72.024605},
Abstract = {The analyzing power Ay(θ) for neutron elastic scattering
from C12 has been measured for 33 neutron energies between
En=2.2 and 8.5 MeV in the angular range from 25° to 145°
in the laboratory system. The primary motivation for these
measurements is the need for an accurate knowledge of Ay(θ)
for C12(n,n)C12 elastic scattering to enable corrections to
high-precision neutron-proton and neutron-deuteron Ay(θ)
data in the neutron-energy range below En=30 MeV. In their
own right, C12(n,n)C12 Ay(θ) data are of crucial importance
for improving both the parametrization of n-C12 scattering
and our knowledge of the level scheme of C13. The present
Ay(θ) data are compared with published data and previous
phase-shift-analysis results. © 2005 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.72.024605},
Key = {fds246662}
}
@article{fds246735,
Author = {Setze, HR and Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Braun, RT and González
Trotter, DE and Hussein, AH and Pedroni, RS and Roper, CD and Salinas,
F and Šlaus, I and Vlahović, B and Walter, RL and Mertens, G and Lambert,
JM and Witała, H and Glöckle, W},
Title = {Cross-section measurements of neutron-deuteron breakup at
13.0 MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {034006},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.71.034006},
Abstract = {Cross-section measurements of seven exit-channel
configurations in the neutron-deuteron breakup at 13.0 MeV
are reported and compared to rigorous calculations. Our data
are consistent with those of previous measurements in four
of six configurations. The present data for five
configurations are in good agreement with theoretical
predictions. The cross-section data for the space-star and
another out-of-plane configuration are larger than the
theoretical predictions by more than three standard
deviations. The previously observed 20% discrepancy between
theory and data for the space-star configuration is
confirmed in the present work. The inclusion of the
Tucson-Melbourne 2π-exchange three-nucleon force changes
the predicted cross section by only 2% and in the wrong
direction needed to bring theory into agreement with data.
© 2005 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.71.034006},
Key = {fds246735}
}
@article{fds318452,
Author = {Mitchell, GE and Furman, WI and Lychagin, EV and Muzichka, AY and Nekhaev, GV and Strelkov, AV and Sharapov, EI and Shvetsov, VN and Levakov, BG and Litvin, VI and Lyzhin, AE and Magda, EP and Crawford,
BE and Stephenson, SL and Howell, CR and Tornow, W},
Title = {A direct measurement of the neutron-neutron scattering
length},
Journal = {Brazilian Journal of Physics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {3 B},
Pages = {850-853},
Publisher = {FapUNIFESP (SciELO)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-97332005000500036},
Abstract = {A direct measurement of nn-scattering by colliding free
neutrons has never been performed. Indirect measurements
continue to provide inconsistent results, leaving the issue
of charge symmetry in the nuclear force unresolved. At
present the Russian pulsed reactor YAGUAR is the best
neutron source for such a measurement. A neutron moderator
is installed in the central through channel and the
scattered neutrons are detected at a distance of 12 m from
the reactor. An instantaneous value of 1.1 × 1018/cm2s was
obtained for the thermal neutron flux density. The
experiment will be performed by the DIANNA Collaboration as
ISTC project No. 2286.},
Doi = {10.1590/S0103-97332005000500036},
Key = {fds318452}
}
@article{fds376410,
Author = {Tornow, W and Esterline, JR and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley,
JH and Tonchev, AP and Li, J and Mikhailov, SF and Pinayev, IV and Wu, YK and Weisel, GJ and Witala, H},
Title = {Photon analyzing power for the three-body breakup of He-3 at
E-gamma=15.0 MeV},
Journal = {Few-Body Problems in Physics},
Volume = {768},
Pages = {138-140},
Publisher = {AMER INST PHYSICS},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds376410}
}
@article{fds246660,
Author = {Tornow, W and Esterline, JH and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley,
JH and Tonchev, AP and Li, J and Mikhailov, SF and Pinayev, IV and Wu, YK and Weisel, GJ and Witała, H},
Title = {Photon analyzing power for the three-body breakup of
3He at Eγ = 15.0 MeV},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {768},
Pages = {138-140},
Publisher = {AMER INST PHYSICS},
Editor = {KalantarNayestanaki, N and Timmermans, RGE and Bakker,
BLG},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {0-7354-0253-1},
ISSN = {0094-243X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1932890},
Abstract = {Photon analyzing power for the three-body breakup of 3He has
been studied at Eγ = 15.0 MeV. The measurements were done
at the HIγS facility at Duke University. © 2005 American
Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1932890},
Key = {fds246660}
}
@article{fds246661,
Author = {Punjabi, V and Perdrisat, CF and Aniol, KA and Baker, FT and Berthot, J and Bertin, PY and Bertozzi, W and Besson, A and Bimbot, L and Boeglin, WU and Brash, EJ and Brown, D and Calarco, JR and Cardman, LS and Chai, Z and Chang, CC and Chen, JP and Chudakov, E and Churchwell, S and Cisbani, E and Dale, DS and de Leo, R and Deur, A and Diederich, B and Domingo, JJ and Epstein, MB and Ewell, LA and Fissum, KG and Fleck, A and Fonvieille, H and Frullani, S and Gao, J and Garibaldi, F and Gasparian, A and Gerstner,
G and Gilad, S and Gilman, R and Glamazdin, A and Glashausser, C and Gomez,
J and Gorbenko, V and Green, A and Hansen, JO and Howell, CR and Huber, GM and Iodice, M and de Jager, CW and Jaminion, S and Jiang, X and Jones, MK and Kahl, W and Kelly, JJ and Khayat, M and Kramer, LH and Kumbartzki, G and Kuss, M and Lakuriki, E and Laveissière, G and LeRose, JJ and Liang, M and Lindgren, RA and Liyanage, N and Lolos, GJ and Macri, R and Madey, R and Malov, S and Margaziotis, DJ and Markowitz, P and McCormick, K and Mclntyre, JI and van der Meer, RLJ and Michaels, R and Milbrath, BD and Mougey, JY and Nanda, SK and Offermann, EAJM and Papandreou, Z and Pentchev, L and Petratos, GG and Piskunov, NM and Pomatsalyuk, RI and Prout, DL and Quéméner, G and Ransome, RD and Raue, BA and Roblin, Y and Roche, R and Rutledge, G and Rutt, PM and Saha, A and Saito, T and Sarty,
AJ and Smith, TP and Sorokin, P and Strauch, S and Suleiman, R and Takahashi, K and Templon, JA and Todor, L and Ulmer,
PE},
Title = {Erratum: Proton elastic form factor ratios to Q2=3.5GeV2 by
polarization transfer (Physical Review C (2005) 71
(055202))},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {71},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.71.069902},
Abstract = {This paper was published online on 20 May 2005 without
several of the authors' corrections incorporated. Equation
(13) has been replaced. The captions of Figs. 16-18 have
also been replaced. Typographical errors on pages 4, 6, 14,
15, 18, 19, 22, and 24 have all been corrected. The paper
has been corrected as of 8 June 2005. The text is correct in
the printed version of the journal. © 2005 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.71.069902},
Key = {fds246661}
}
@article{fds246658,
Author = {Kapadia, AJ and Floyd, CE and Bender, JE and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS and Kiser, MR},
Title = {Non-invasive quantification of iron56Fe in beef
liver using neutron stimulated emission computed
tomography},
Journal = {IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {2232-2234},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1095-7863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2005.1596778},
Abstract = {Neutron spectroscopy is being developed as a noninvasive
tool to measure element concentration in the body at
molecular levels. We are developing a neutron stimulated
emission computed tomography (NSECT) system to identify
element concentrations in tissue, using inelastic scattering
of neutrons by target nuclei. An incident neutron scatters
inelastically with an atomic nucleus to emit a gamma photon
whose energy is characteristic of the scattering nucleus.
This energy is detected by an energy-sensitive gamma
detector to identify the target atom. Here we describe an
experiment to noninvasively determine the concentration of
natural iron (56Fe) in beef liver. A 7.5 MeV neutron beam
was used to scan a known quantity of solid iron and
establish a ratio of iron concentration to gamma counts for
the experimental setup. A known quantity of beef liver was
then scanned using the same experimental setup, to obtain
gamma spectra showing element concentrations in the liver.
Counts from gamma peaks corresponding to excited states in
iron were compared with counts from the known iron sample,
to yield the iron concentration in the liver. A high purity
germanium (HPGe) detector was used to measure the emitted
gamma energy. Although the results obtained in this
experiment are slightly higher than normal iron limits
reported in various studies, they demonstrate the
technique's ability to noninvasively quantify iron
concentration in a biological organ. © 2005
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/NSSMIC.2005.1596778},
Key = {fds246658}
}
@article{fds246659,
Author = {Wut, YK and Busch, M and Emamian, M and Faircloth, J and Gustavsson, J and Hartman, S and Howell, C and Johnson, M and Li, J and Mikhailov, S and Oakley, O and Patterson, J and Pentico, M and Popov, V and Rathbone, V and Swift, G and Wallace, P and Wang, P},
Title = {Recommissioning of duke storage ring with a rom-damped RF
cavity and a new straight section lattice for
fels},
Journal = {Proceedings of the IEEE Particle Accelerator
Conference},
Volume = {2005},
Pages = {3934-3936},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PAC.2005.1591674},
Abstract = {The Duke FEL lab operates a unique UV/VUV storage ring FEL
and an FEL driven nearly monochromatic, highly polarized,
high intensity Compton gamma-ray source. The Duke storage
ring light source is undergoing several phases of upgrade in
order to significantly improve its light source capabilities
and performance. The recent upgrade in 2004 included an
upgrade of the RF system with a high-order mode damped RF
cavity and a new 34 meter long straight section lattice
designed to host new FEL wigglers. This upgrade was
completed in August 2004, followed by the storage ring and
light source commissioning. This paper provides an overview
of this upgrade project and reports the commissioning
experience of the Duke storage ring and light sources. ©
2005 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/PAC.2005.1591674},
Key = {fds246659}
}
@article{fds246665,
Author = {Crawford, BE and Furman, WI and Howell, CR and Lychagin, EV and Levakov,
BG and Litvin, VI and Lyzhin, AE and Magda, EP and Mitchell, GE and Muzichka, AY and Nekhaev, GV and Sharapov, EI and Shvetsov, VN and Stephenson, SL and Strelkov, AV and Tornow, W},
Title = {Direct nn-scattering at the YAGUAR reactor},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
Volume = {241},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {190-194},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0168-583X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2005.07.023},
Abstract = {The Direct Investigation of ann Association (DIANNA) is
finalizing the design of a direct measurement of the
nn-scattering length to be performed at the YAGUAR reactor
in Snezhinsk, Russia. Extensive modeling of the neutron
field, nn-scattering kinematics, and sources of detector
background have verified the plan for a 3% measurement of
ann. Measurements of the neutron flux support the neutron
field modeling. Initial test measurements of the neutron
field inside the underground channel have confirmed
calculations of the thermal neutron background. © 2005
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2005.07.023},
Key = {fds246665}
}
@article{fds246738,
Author = {al, BPE and Tajima, IS and Churchwell, S and Howell,
CR},
Title = {Measurement of the neutron electric to magnetic form factor
ratio GEn/GMn via the reaction to Q2=1.45
(GeV/c)2},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {73},
Number = {2},
Pages = {025205},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.73.025205},
Abstract = {We report values for the neutron electric to magnetic form
factor ratio, GEn/GMn, deduced from measurements of the
neutron's recoil polarization in the quasielastic
H2(e→,e'n→)H1 reaction, at three Q2 values of 0.45,
1.13, and 1.45 (GeV/c)2. The data at Q2=1.13 and 1.45
(GeV/c)2 are the first direct experimental measurements of
GEn employing polarization degrees of freedom in the Q2>1
(GeV/c)2 region and stand as the most precise determinations
of GEn for all values of Q2. © 2006 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.73.025205},
Key = {fds246738}
}
@article{fds347816,
Author = {Kapadia, AJ and Sharma, AC and Tourassi, GD and Bender, JE and Crowell,
AS and Kiser, MR and Howell, CR and Floyd, CE},
Title = {Neutron Stimulated Emission Computed Tomography (NSECT) for
Early Detection of Breast Cancer},
Journal = {2006 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2006},
ISBN = {1424405602},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2006.353847},
Doi = {10.1109/nssmic.2006.353847},
Key = {fds347816}
}
@article{fds53236,
Author = {A. Sabourov and M.W. Ahmed and M.A. Blackston and A.S. Crowell and C.R.
Howell, B.A. Perdue and K. Sabourov and A. Tonchev and H.R. Weller and R.M. Prior and M.C. Spraker},
Title = {Astrophysical S factor for the 7Li(d,n0)8Be
and 7Li(d,n1)8Be
reactions},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {73},
Pages = {015801},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds53236}
}
@article{fds246669,
Author = {Sabourov, A and Ahmed, MW and Blackston, MA and Crowell, AS and Howell,
CR and Joshi, K and Nelson, SO and Perdue, BA and Sabourov, K and Tonchev,
A and Weller, HR and Prior, RM and Spraker, MC and Braizinha, B and Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N},
Title = {The Li7(d→,n0)Be8 and Li7(d→,n1)Be8 reactions below 160
keV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {74},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.74.064611},
Abstract = {The polarization observables have been determined for the
Li7(d→,n0)Be8 and Li7(d→,n1)Be8 reactions at beam
energies between 80 and 160 keV. A Transition Matrix Element
(TME) analysis revealed unique, dominant p-wave solutions
for both neutron channels. The polarization observables were
compared with distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) and
coupled reaction channels (CRC) calculations. The general
features of the data can be reproduced by the CRC
calculations when a large target spin-orbit interaction is
included. However, serious discrepancies are observed when
the TMEs of the theory and experiment are compared. © 2006
The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.74.064611},
Key = {fds246669}
}
@article{fds246674,
Author = {Sharma, AC and Tourassi, GD and Kapadia, AJ and Harrawood, BP and Bender, JE and Crowell, AS and Kiser, MR and Howell, CR and Floyd,
CE},
Title = {Design and construction of a prototype rotation modulation
collimator for near-field high-energy spectroscopic gamma
imaging},
Journal = {IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {2021-2024},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1095-7863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2006.354310},
Abstract = {Neutron Stimulated Emission Computed Tomography (NSECT) is
being developed for in vivo measurement of the concentration
and location of biologically relevant elements. NSECT is a
spectroscopic imaging technique whereby the body is
illuminated via high-energy neutrons that excite elemental
nuclei that then relax through characteristic gamma
radiation. This imaging technique requires high-resolution
spectroscopy, thereby eliminating the use conventional
scintillation gamma cameras. Consequently, high-purity
germanium (HPGe) semi-conductor detectors are utilized,
providing no spatial information. To obtain 2D elemental
concentration images, we are adapting high-energy solar
spectroscopy technology. A rotating modulation collimator
(RMC) consisting of two parallel-slat collimators is placed
in front of the detector to modulate the incoming signal in
a manner predicted by its geometry. Reconstruction of 2D
images is feasible by counting the number of incident gammas
at each rotation angle. The challenge is to identify a RMC
geometry that allows this method to work in the near-field
environment, which has far fewer assumptions and
simplifications than the infinite focus of solar imaging.
Herein we describe construction of a prototype RMC and
experiments conducted with a radioactive 22Na point source.
These experiments verified that the RMC modulates the signal
in manner consistent with its geometric and physical
properties. © 2006 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/NSSMIC.2006.354310},
Key = {fds246674}
}
@article{fds246675,
Author = {Kapadia, AJ and Sharma, AC and Tourassi, GD and Bender, JE and Crowell,
AS and Kiser, MR and Howell, CR and Floyd, CE},
Title = {Non-invasive estimation of potassium (39K) in Bovine Liver
using Neutron Stimulated Emission Computed Tomography
(NSECT)},
Journal = {IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {2076-2078},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1095-7863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2006.354322},
Abstract = {Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography (NSECT) is
being developed as a non-invasive technique to measure
element concentration in in-vivo tissue at molecular levels.
We have developed a system that performs this task using an
incident neutron beam that scatters inelastically with an
atomic nucleus causing it to emit a characteristic gamma
photon. An energy-sensitive gamma detector is used to detect
this energy and identify the target atom. Here we describe
an experiment to determine the concentration of natural
potassium (39K) in bovine liver without the need for a
biopsy. A 5 MeV neutron beam was used to scan a known
quantity of bovine liver to obtain a gamma spectrum showing
element concentration in the liver. An aqueous KCl solution
calibration sample was then scanned to establish a ratio of
potassium concentration to gamma counts for the experimental
setup. Counts from gamma peaks corresponding to excited
states in 39K were summed and compared with counts from the
known calibration sample, to give the concentration of 39K
in the liver. A high purity germanium (HPGe) clover detector
was used to measure the emitted gamma energy. The results
were validated through neutron activation analysis (NAA) of
the liver sample. The concentration of 39K reported by NSECT
was found to be within 13% of the NAA result, clearly
demonstrating the ability of NSECT for non-invasive
quantification of element concentration in tissue. © 2006
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/NSSMIC.2006.354322},
Key = {fds246675}
}
@article{fds246736,
Author = {Gonzalez Trotter and DE and Meneses, FS and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Chen, Q and Crowell, AS and Roper, CD and Walter, RL and Schmidt, D and Witała, H and Glöckle, W and Tang, H and Zhou, Z and Šlaus,
I},
Title = {Neutron-deuteron breakup experiment at En=13MeV:
Determination of the 1S0 neutron-neutron scattering length
ann},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {73},
Number = {3},
Pages = {034001},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.73.034001},
Abstract = {We report on results of a kinematically complete
neutron-deuteron breakup experiment performed at Triangle
Universities Nuclear Laboratory using an En=13 MeV incident
neutron beam. The 1S0 neutron-neutron scattering length ann
has been determined for four production angles of the
neutron-neutron final-state interaction configuration. The
absolute cross-section data were analyzed with rigorous
three-nucleon calculations. Our average value of
ann=-18.7±0.7 fm is in excellent agreement with
ann=-18.6±0.4 fm obtained from capture experiments of
negative pions on deuterons. We also performed a shape
analysis of the final-state interaction cross-section
enhancements by allowing the normalization of the data to
float. From these relative data, we obtained an average
value of ann=-18.8±0.5 fm, in agreement with the result
obtained from the absolute cross-section measurements. Our
result deviates from the world average of ann=-16.7±0.5 fm
determined from previous kinematically complete
neutron-deuteron breakup experiments, including the most
recent one carried out at Bonn. However, this low value for
ann is at variance with theoretical expectation and other
experimental information about the sign of charge-symmetry
breaking of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. In agreement
with theoretical predictions, no evidence was found of
significant three-nucleon force effects on the
neutron-neutron final-state interaction cross sections. ©
2006 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.73.034001},
Key = {fds246736}
}
@article{fds246737,
Author = {Sabourov, A and Ahmed, MW and Blackston, MA and Crowell, AS and Howell,
CR and Perdue, BA and Sabourov, K and Tonchev, A and Weller, HR and Prior,
RM and Spraker, MC},
Title = {Astrophysical S factor for the Li7(d,n0)Be8 and Li7(d,n1)Be8
reactions},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {73},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.73.015801},
Abstract = {The absolute astrophysical S factor and cross section for
the Li7(d,n0)Be8 and Li7(d,n1)Be8 reactions have been
determined using deuteron beams with energies between 45 and
80 keV. The slope of the S factor is consistent with zero in
the n0 case but is slightly negative in the n1 case. The S
factor for the sum of both neutron groups at c.m. energies
below 70 keV is S(E)=5400(±1500)-37(±21)E keV b, where E
is the c.m. energy in keV. © 2006 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.73.015801},
Key = {fds246737}
}
@article{fds347814,
Author = {Sharma, AC and Tourassi, GD and Kapadia, AJ and Bender, JE and Xia, JQ and Harrawood, BP and Crowell, AS and Kiser, MR and Howell, CR and Floyd,
CE},
Title = {Development of a High-Energy Gamma Camera for use with NSECT
Imaging of the Breast},
Journal = {2006 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM CONFERENCE RECORD, VOL
1-6},
Pages = {3925-3927},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds347814}
}
@article{fds347815,
Author = {Kapadia, AJ and Sharma, AC and Tourassi, GD and Bender, JE and Crowell,
AS and Kiser, MR and Howell, CR and Floyd, CE},
Title = {Neutron Spectroscopy of Mouse Using Neutron Stimulated
Emission Computed Tomography (NSECT)},
Journal = {2006 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM CONFERENCE RECORD, VOL
1-6},
Pages = {3546-3548},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds347815}
}
@article{fds246668,
Author = {MacLachlan, G and Aghalaryan, A and Ahmidouch, A and Anderson, BD and Asaturyan, R and Baker, O and Baldwin, AR and Barkhuff, D and Breuer, H and Carlini, R and Christy, E and Churchwell, S and Cole, L and Crouse, E and Danagoulian, S and Day, D and Eden, T and Elaasar, M and Ent, R and Farkhondeh, M and Fenker, H and Finn, JM and Gan, L and Garrow, K and Gueye, P and Howell, CR and Hu, B and Jones, MK and Kelly, JJ and Keppel,
C and Khandaker, M and Kim, WY and Kowalski, S and Lai, A and Lung, A and Mack, D and Madey, R and Manley, DM and Markowitz, P and Mitchell, J and Mkrtchyan, H and Opper, AK and Plaster, B and Perdrisat, C and Punjabi,
V and Raue, B and Reichelt, T and Reinhold, J and Roche, J and Sato, Y and Savvinov, N and Semenov, AY and Semenova, IA and Seo, W and Simicevic,
N and Smith, G and Taylor, S and Stepanyan, S and Tadevosyan, V and Tajima,
S and Tang, L and Tireman, W and Ulmer, PE and Vulcan, W and Watson, JW and Wells, SP and Wesselmann, F and Wood, S and Yan, C and Yang, S and Yuan, L and Zhang, WM and Zhu, H and Zhu, X},
Title = {The ratio of proton electromagnetic form factors via recoil
polarimetry at Q2 = 1.13 (GeV/c)2},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {764},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {261-273},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.09.012},
Abstract = {Recoil polarimetry was used to extract the ratio of the
proton electromagnetic form factors, μp GEp/ GMp = 0.878 ±
0.064(stat) ± 0.012(sys), at Q2 = 1.13 (GeV/c)2 from the
reaction 1H(e, ep). This was an ancillary measurement in
which the proton polarization was determined as part of a
larger program utilizing a stand-alone polarimeter designed
to measure μn GEn/GMn. This measurement complements
previous recoil polarimetry measurements of μp GEp/GMp made
at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. ©
2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.09.012},
Key = {fds246668}
}
@article{fds246671,
Author = {Tonchev, AP and Angell, C and Boswell, M and Howell, CR and Karwowski,
HJ and Kelley, JH and Tornow, W and Tsoneva, N},
Title = {Low-energy dipole modes of excitation below the neutron
separation energy},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {819},
Pages = {350-354},
Publisher = {AIP},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0094-243X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2187883},
Abstract = {The nuclear resonance fluorescence experiments have been
performed at the High Intensity Gamma Source (HIγS) on
138Ba nuclei using four 60% efficient HPGe detectors.
Excitation energies, spin, parities, and decay branching
ratios were measured for the low-energy dipole modes of
excitations. Experimental results on the parity measurement
below the neutron separation energy shows that all dipole
states in this energy region exhibit E1 excitation. These
results are consistent with theoretical prediction of the
collective isoscalar nature of this low-energy mode of
excitation. © 2006 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.2187883},
Key = {fds246671}
}
@article{fds246667,
Author = {Floyd, CE and Bender, JE and Harrawood, B and Sharma, AC and Kapadia, A and Tourassi, GD and Lo, JY and Howell, C},
Title = {Breast cancer diagnosis using neutron stimulated emission
computed tomography: Dose and count requirements},
Journal = {Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of
SPIE},
Volume = {6142 II},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1605-7422},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.656045},
Abstract = {Neutron Stimulated Emission Computed Tomography (NSECT) was
evaluated as a potential technique for breast cancer
diagnosis. NSECT can form a 3D tomographic image with an
elemental (isotopic) spectrum provided at each reconstructed
voxel. The target is illuminated (in vivo) by a neutron beam
that scatters in-elastically producing characteristic gamma
emission that is acquired tomographically with a
spectrograph. Images are reconstructed of each element in
the acquired spectrum. NSECT imaging was simulated for
benign and malignant breast masses. A range of the number of
incident neutrons was simulated from 19 million to 500k
neutrons. Simulation included all known primary and
secondary physical interactions in both the breast as well
as in the spectrometer. Characteristic energy spectra were
acquired by simulation and were analyzed for statistically
significant differences between benign and malignant
breasts. For 1 million incident neutrons, there were 61
differences in the spectra that were statistically
significant (p < 0,05), Of these, 23 matched known
characteristic emission from 6 elements that have been found
in the breast (Br, Cs, K, Mn, Rb, Zn). The dose to two
breasts was less than 3% of the dose of a 4 view screening
mammogram, Increasing the dose to 52% of the mammogram (19
million neutrons) provided 89 significant spectral
differences that matched 30 known emissions from 7 elements
that have been found in the breast (Br, Co, Cs, K, Mn, Rb,
Zn). Decreasing the dose to 1.4% (500K neutrons) eliminated
all statistically significant matches to known elements.
This study suggests that NSECT may be a viable technique for
detecting human breast cancer in vivo at a reduced dose
compared to 4 view screening mammography.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.656045},
Key = {fds246667}
}
@article{fds246666,
Author = {Sharma, A and Floyd, C and Harrawood, B and Tourassi, G and Kapadia, A and Bender, J and Lo, J and Howell, C},
Title = {Rotating slat collimator design for high-energy near-field
imaging},
Journal = {Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of
SPIE},
Volume = {6142 I},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1605-7422},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.653929},
Abstract = {Certain elements (such as Fe, Cu, Zn, etc.) are vital to the
body and an imbalance of such elements can either be a
symptom or cause of certain pathologies. Neutron Stimulated
Emission Computed Tomography (NSECT) is a spectroscopic
imaging technique whereby the body is illuminated via a beam
of neutrons causing elemental nuclei to become excited and
emit characteristic gamma radiation. Acquiring the gamma
energy spectra in a tomographic geometry allows
reconstruction of elemental concentration images. Previously
we have demonstrated the feasibility of NSECT using first
generation CT approaches; while successful, the approach
does not scale well and has limited resolution.
Additionally, current gamma cameras operate in an energy
range too low for NSECT imaging. However, the orbiting
Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager
(RHESSI) captures and images gamma rays over the high-energy
range equivalent to NSECT's (3 keV to 17 MeV) by utilizing
Collimator-based Fourier transform imaging. A High Purity
Germanium (HPGe) detector counts the number of energy events
per unit of time, providing spectroscopic data. While a pair
of rotating collimators placed in front of the detector
modulates the number of gamma events, providing spatial
information. Knowledge of the number of energy events at
each discrete collimator angle allows for 2D image
reconstruction. This method has proven successful at a focus
of infinity in the RHESSI application. Our goal is to
achieve similar results at a reasonable near-field focus.
Here we describe the results of our simulations to implement
a rotating modulation collimator (RMC) gamma imager for use
in NSECT using simulations in Matlab. To determine feasible
collimator setups and the stability of the inverse problem a
Matlab environment was created that uses the geometry of the
system to generate ID observation data from 2D images and
then to reconstruct 2D images using the MLEM algorithm.
Reasonable collimator geometries were determined, successful
reconstruction was achieved and the inverse problem was
found to be stable.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.653929},
Key = {fds246666}
}
@article{fds246670,
Author = {Floyd, CE and Bender, JE and Sharma, AC and Kapadia, A and Xia, J and Harrawood, B and Tourassi, GD and Lo, JY and Crowell, A and Howell,
C},
Title = {Introduction to neutron stimulated emission computed
tomography.},
Journal = {Phys Med Biol},
Volume = {51},
Number = {14},
Pages = {3375-3390},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0031-9155},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16825736},
Abstract = {Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography (NSECT) is
presented as a new technique for in vivo tomographic
spectroscopic imaging. A full implementation of NSECT is
intended to provide an elemental spectrum of the body or
part of the body being interrogated at each voxel of a
three-dimensional computed tomographic image. An external
neutron beam illuminates the sample and some of these
neutrons scatter inelastically, producing characteristic
gamma emission from the scattering nuclei. These
characteristic gamma rays are acquired by a gamma
spectrometer and the emitting nucleus is identified by the
emitted gamma energy. The neutron beam is scanned over the
body in a geometry that allows for tomographic
reconstruction. Tomographic images of each element in the
spectrum can be reconstructed to represent the spatial
distribution of elements within the sample. Here we offer
proof of concept for the NSECT method, present the first
single projection spectra acquired from multi-element
phantoms, and discuss potential biomedical
applications.},
Doi = {10.1088/0031-9155/51/14/006},
Key = {fds246670}
}
@article{fds246677,
Author = {Muzichka, AY and Furman, WI and Lychagin, EV and Krylov, AR and Nekhaev,
GV and Sharapov, EI and Shvetsov, VN and Strelkov, AV and Levakov, BG and Lyzhin, AE and Chernukhin, YI and Kandiev, YZ and Howell, CR and Mitchell, GE and Crawford, BE and Stephenson, SL and Tornow,
W},
Title = {Background Determination for the Neutron-Neutron Scattering
Experiment at the Reactor YAGUAR},
Journal = {Nucl. Phys.},
Volume = {A789},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {30},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2007.03.163},
Abstract = {The motivation and design is outlined for the experiment to
measure the neutron-neutron singlet scattering length
directly with thermal neutrons at the pulsed reactor YAGUAR.
A statistical accuracy of 3% can be reached, though
achieving the goal of an overall accuracy of 3-5% for the
nn-scattering length depends on the background level.
Possible sources of background are discussed in depth and
the results of extensive modeling of the background are
presented. Measurements performed at YAGUAR to test these
background calculations are described. The experimental
results indicate an anticipated background level up to 30%
relative to the expected nn effect at the maximal energy
burst of the reactor. The conclusion is made that the nn
experiment at YAGUAR is feasible to produce the first
directly measured value for the neutron-neutron scattering
length. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2007.03.163},
Key = {fds246677}
}
@article{fds246697,
Author = {al, ADE},
Title = {Compton Scattering Cross Section on the Proton at High
Momentum Transfer},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. Letts.},
Volume = {98},
Number = {15},
Pages = {152001},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.98.152001},
Abstract = {Cross-section values for Compton scattering on the proton
were measured at 25 kinematic settings over the range s=5-11
and -t=2-7 GeV2 with a statistical accuracy of a few
percent. The scaling power for the s dependence of the cross
section at fixed center-of-mass angle was found to be
8.0+/-0.2, strongly inconsistent with the prediction of
perturbative QCD. The observed cross-section values are in
fair agreement with the calculations using the handbag
mechanism, in which the external photons couple to a single
quark.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.98.152001},
Key = {fds246697}
}
@article{fds246698,
Author = {al, BAE},
Title = {`Extraction of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor from
Quasi-Elastic $^{3}\vec{He}(\vec{e},e')$ at $Q^2 = 0.1 -
0.6$ (GeV/c)$^2$},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {75},
Number = {3},
Pages = {034003},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.75.034003},
Abstract = {We have measured the transverse asymmetry AT' in the
quasielastic 3He→(e→,e') process with high precision at
Q2 values from 0.1 to 0.6(GeV/c)2. The neutron magnetic form
factor GMn was extracted at Q2 values of 0.1 and 0.2(GeV/c)2
using a nonrelativistic Faddeev calculation which includes
both final-state interactions (FSI) and meson-exchange
currents (MEC). Theoretical uncertainties due to the FSI and
MEC effects were constrained with a precision measurement of
the spin-dependent asymmetry in the threshold region of
3He→(e→,e'). We also extracted the neutron magnetic form
factor GMn at Q2 values of 0.3 to 0.6(GeV/c)2 based on plane
wave impulse approximation calculations. © 2007 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.75.034003},
Key = {fds246698}
}
@article{fds347813,
Author = {Vieira, DJ and Jandel, M and Bredeweg, TA and Bond, EM and Clement, RR and Couture, A and Haight, RC and O'Donnell, JM and Reifarth, R and Rundberg, RS and Ullmann, JL and Wilhelmy, JB and Wouters, JM and Tonchev, AP and Hutcheson, A and Angell, CT and Crowell, AS and Fallin,
B and Hammond, S and Howell, CR and Karowowski, HJ and Kelley, JH and Pedroni, R and Tornow, W and Macri, RA and Agvaanluvsan, U and Becker,
JA and Dashdorj, D and Stoyer, MA and Wu, CY},
Title = {Neutron capture and (n,2n) measurements on
241Am},
Journal = {ND2007},
Publisher = {EDP Sciences},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ndata:07636},
Doi = {10.1051/ndata:07636},
Key = {fds347813}
}
@article{fds246639,
Author = {Howell, CR},
Title = {Extracting the neutron-neutron scattering length from
neutron-deuteron breakup},
Journal = {Chiral Dynamics 2006 - Proceedings of the 5th International
Workshop on Chiral Dynamics, Theory and Experiment, CD
2006},
Pages = {344-345},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812790804_0058},
Abstract = {This article provides a brief summary of the values for the
1S0 neutron-neutron scattering length obtained from
neutron-deuteron breakup cross-section measurements. The
results of recent kinematically incomplete and complete
experiments are reported, and a description of a new
measurement at the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory
(TUNL) is given.},
Doi = {10.1142/9789812790804_0058},
Key = {fds246639}
}
@article{fds246733,
Author = {Floyd, CE and Sharma, AC and Bender, JE and Kapadia, AJ and Xia, JQ and Harrawood, BP and Tourassi, GD and Lo, JY and Kiser, MR and Crowell, AS and Pedroni, RS and Macri, RA and Tajima, S and Howell,
CR},
Title = {Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography: Background
corrections},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
Volume = {254},
Number = {2},
Pages = {329-336},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0168-583X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2006.11.098},
Abstract = {Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography (NSECT) is
an imaging technique that provides an in-vivo tomographic
spectroscopic image of the distribution of elements in a
body. To achieve this, a neutron beam illuminates the body.
Nuclei in the body along the path of the beam are stimulated
by inelastic scattering of the neutrons in the beam and emit
characteristic gamma photons whose unique energy identifies
the element. The emitted gammas are collected in a
spectrometer and form a projection intensity for each
spectral line at the projection orientation of the neutron
beam. Rotating and translating either the body or the beam
will allow a tomographic projection set to be acquired.
Images are reconstructed to represent the spatial
distribution of elements in the body. Critical to this
process is the appropriate removal of background gamma
events from the spectrum. Here we demonstrate the
equivalence of two background correction techniques and
discuss the appropriate application of each. © 2006
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2006.11.098},
Key = {fds246733}
}
@article{fds339641,
Author = {Tonchev, AP and Angell, C and Boswell, M and Howell, CR and Karwowski,
HJ and Kelley, JH and Tornow, W and Tsoneva, N},
Title = {Missing dipole excitation strength below the particle
threshold},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {44},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {High sensitivity studies of E1 andM1 excitations fromthe
138Ba(γ,γ') reaction at energies close to the neutron
emission threshold have been performed. The electric dipole
character of the "pygmy" mode was experimentally verified
for excitations from 5.5-8.5 MeV. Missing dipole strength
has been reveal in our photon-scattering
measurements.},
Key = {fds339641}
}
@article{fds347812,
Author = {Mikhailov, SF and Busch, MD and Emamian, M and Hartman, SM and Kim, Y and Li, J and Popov, VG and Swift, G and Wallace, PW and Wang, P and Wu, YK and Howell, CR and Gavrilov, NG and Kurkin, GY and Matveev, Y and Anchugov,
OV and Shvedov, DA and Vinokurov, NA},
Title = {Commissioning of the booster injector synchrotron for the
HIGS facility at Duke University},
Journal = {2007 IEEE PARTICLE ACCELERATOR CONFERENCE, VOLS
1-11},
Pages = {3408-+},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-1-4244-0916-7},
Key = {fds347812}
}
@article{fds246672,
Author = {Tonchev, AP and Angell, C and Boswell, M and Chyzh, A and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley, JH and Tornow, W and Tsoneva, N and Wu,
YK},
Title = {Study of collective dipole excitations below the giant
dipole resonance at HIγS},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {891},
Pages = {339-347},
Publisher = {AIP},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0094-243X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2713535},
Abstract = {The High-Intensity Gamma-ray Source utilizing intra-cavity
back-scattering of free electron laser photons from
relativistic electrons allows one to produce a unique beam
of high-flux gamma rays with 100% polarization and
selectable energy and energy resolution which is ideal for
low-energy γ-ray scattering experiments. Nuclear resonance
fluorescence experiments have been performed on N=82 nuclei.
High sensitivity studies of E1 and M1 excitations at
energies close to the neutron emission threshold have been
performed. The method allows the determination of excitation
energies, spin, parities, and decay branching ratios of the
pygmy dipole mode of excitation. The observations are
compared with calculations using statistical and
quasi-particle random-phase approximations. © 2007 American
Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.2713535},
Key = {fds246672}
}
@article{fds246734,
Author = {Hutcheson, A and Angell, CT and Becker, JA and Boswell, M and Crowell,
AS and Dashdorj, D and Fallin, B and Fotiades, N and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley, JH and Kiser, M and Macri, RA and Nelson, RO and Pedroni, RS and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W and Vieira, DJ and Weisel, GJ and Wilhelmy, JB},
Title = {Pulsed and monoenergetic beams for neutron cross-section
measurements using activation and scattering techniques at
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
Volume = {261},
Number = {1-2 SPEC. ISS.},
Pages = {369-372},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0168-583X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.097},
Abstract = {In support of the Stewardship Science Academic Alliances
initiative, an experimental program has been developed at
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) to measure
(n,xn) cross-sections with both in-beam and activation
techniques with the goal of improving the partial
cross-section database for the NNSA Stockpile Stewardship
Program. First experimental efforts include excitation
function measurements on 235,238U and 241Am using pulsed and
monoenergetic neutron beams with En = 5-15 MeV.
Neutron-induced partial cross-sections were measured by
detecting prompt γ rays from the residual nuclei using
various combinations of clover and planar HPGe detectors in
the TUNL shielded neutron source area. Complimentary
activation measurements using DC neutron beams have also
been performed in open geometry in our second target area.
The neutron-induced activities were measured in the TUNL
low-background counting area. In this presentation, we
include detailed information about the irradiation
procedures and facilities and preliminary data on first
measurements using this capability.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.097},
Key = {fds246734}
}
@article{fds246678,
Author = {Sharma, AC and Tourassi, GD and Kapadia, AJ and Harrawood, BP and Bender, JE and Crowell, AS and Kiser, MR and Howell, CR and Floyd,
CE},
Title = {Design and development of a high-energy gamma camera for use
with NSECT imaging: Feasibility for breast
imaging},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science},
Volume = {54},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1498-1505},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0018-9499},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2007.906058},
Abstract = {A new spectroscopic imaging technique, Neutron Stimulated
Emission Computed Tomography (NSECT), is currently being
developed to non-invasively and non-destructively measure
and image elemental concentrations within the body. NSECT
has potential for use in breast imaging as several studies
have shown a link between elemental concentration and tumor
status. In NSECT, a region of interest is illuminated with a
high-energy (3-5 MeV) beam of neutrons that scatter
inelastically with elemental nuclei within the body. The
characteristic gamma rays that are emitted as the excited
nuclei relax allow the identification of elements and the
formation of elemental composition images. This imaging
technique requires high-resolution and high-energy gamma
spectroscopy; thereby eliminating current scintillation
crystal based position sensitive gamma cameras. Instead, we
propose to adapt high-energy gamma imaging techniques used
in space-based imaging. A High Purity Germanium (HPGe)
detector provides high-resolution energy spectra while a
rotating modulation collimator (RMC) placed in front of the
detector modulates the incoming signal to provide spatial
information. Counting the number of gamma events at each
collimator rotation angle allows for reconstruction of
images. Herein we report on the design and testing of a
prototype RMC, a Monte Carlo simulation of this camera, and
the use of this simulation tool to access the feasibility of
imaging a breast with such a camera. The prototype RMC was
tested with a 22Na point source and verified that the RMC
modulates the gamma rays in a predictable manner. The Monte
Carlo simulation accurately modeled this behavior. Other
simulations were used to accurately reconstruct images of a
point source located within a 10 cm cube, suggesting NSECT's
potential as a breast imaging method. © 2007
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/TNS.2007.906058},
Key = {fds246678}
}
@article{fds347811,
Author = {Olcott, PD and Habte, F and Foudray, AM and Levin,
CS},
Title = {Performance Characterization of a Miniature, High
Sensitivity Gamma Ray Camera},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science},
Volume = {54},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1492-1497},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2007.902367},
Doi = {10.1109/tns.2007.902367},
Key = {fds347811}
}
@article{fds246673,
Author = {Sharma, AC and Tourassi, GD and Kapadia, AJ and Crowell, AS and Kiser,
MR and Hutcheson, A and Harrawood, BP and Howell, CR and Floyd,
CE},
Title = {Elemental spectrum of a mouse obtained via neutron
stimulation},
Journal = {Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of
SPIE},
Volume = {6510},
Number = {PART 1},
Publisher = {SPIE},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1605-7422},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.713731},
Abstract = {Several studies have shown that the concentration of certain
elements may be a disease indicator. We are developing a
spectroscopic imaging technique, Neutron Stimulated Emission
Computed Tomography (NSECT), to non-invasively measure and
image elemental concentrations within the body. The region
of interest is interrogated via a beam of highenergy
neutrons that excite elemental nuclei through inelastic
scatter. These excited nuclei then relax by emitting
characteristic gamma radiation. Acquiring the gamma energy
spectrum in a tomographic geometry allows reconstruction of
elemental concentration images. Our previous studies have
demonstrated NSECT's ability to obtain spectra and images of
known elements and phantoms, as well as, initial
interrogations of biological tissue. Here, we describe the
results obtained from NSECT interrogation of a fixed mouse
specimen. The specimen was interrogated via a 5MeV neutron
beam for 9.3 hours in order to ensure reasonable counting
statistics. The gamma energy spectrum was obtained using two
High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) clover detectors. A background
spectrum was obtained by interrogating a specimen container
containing 50mL of 0.9% NaCl solution. Several elements of
biological interest including 12C, 40Ca, 31P, and 39K were
identified with greater then 90% confidence. This
interrogation demonstrates the feasibility of NSECT
interrogation of small animals. Interrogation with a
commercial neutron source that provides higher neutron flux
and lower energy (∼2.5MeV) neutrons would reduce scanning
time and eliminate background from certain
elements.},
Doi = {10.1117/12.713731},
Key = {fds246673}
}
@article{fds246676,
Author = {Mikhailov, SF and Busch, MD and Emamian, M and Hartman, SM and Kim, Y and Li, J and Popov, VG and Swift, G and Wallace, PW and Wang, P and Wu, YK and Howell, CR and Gavrilov, NG and Kurkin, GY and Matveev, Y and Anchugov,
OV and Shvedov, DA and Vinokurov, NA},
Title = {Commissioning of the booster injector synchrotron for the
HIGS facility at Duke University},
Journal = {Proceedings of the IEEE Particle Accelerator
Conference},
Pages = {1209-1211},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PAC.2007.4441032},
Abstract = {A booster synchrotron (Duke booster) has been built and
recently commissioned at Duke University Free Electron Laser
Laboratory (DFELL) as part of the High Intensity Gamma-ray
Source (HIGS) facility upgrade. HIGS is collaboration
between the DFELL and Triangle Universities Nuclear
Laboratory (TUNL). The booster provides top-off injection
into the Duke FEL storage ring in the energy range of 0.24 -
1.2 GeV. When operating the Duke storage ring to produce
high energy Compton gamma ray beams above 20 MeV, continuous
electron beam loss occurs. The lost electrons are
replenished by the booster injector operating in the top-off
mode. The presentt operational injection and extraction rate
of the machine allows us to routinely replenish up to 5·10
8 electrons per second. The compactness of the booster posed
a challenge for its development and commissioning. The
booster has been successfully commissioned in 2006. This
paper reports experience of commissioning and initial
operation of the booster. ©2007 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/PAC.2007.4441032},
Key = {fds246676}
}
@article{fds246724,
Author = {Elhami, E and Orce, JN and Scheck, M and Mukhopadhyay, S and Choudry,
SN and McEllistrem, MT and Yates, SW and Angell, C and Boswell, M and Fallin, B and Howell, CR and Hutcheson, A and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley,
JH and Parpottas, Y and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W},
Title = {Experimental Study of Low-Lying Structure of 94Zr with the
(n, n0) Reaction},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {78},
Number = {6},
Pages = {064303},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.78.064303},
Abstract = {The low-lying structure of 4094Zr was studied with the
(n,n'γ) reaction, and a level scheme was established based
on excitation function and γγ coincidence measurements.
Branching ratios, multipole mixing ratios, and spin
assignments were determined from angular distribution
measurements. Lifetimes of levels up to 3.4 MeV were
measured by the Doppler-shift attenuation method, and for
many transitions the reduced transition probabilities were
determined. In addition to the anomalous 22+ state, which
has a larger B(E2;22+→01+) value than the B(E2;21+→01+),
the experimental results revealed interesting and unusual
properties of the low-lying states in Zr94. In a simple
interpretation, the excited states are classified in two
distinct categories, i.e., those populating the 22+ state
and those decaying to the 21+ state. © 2008 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.78.064303},
Key = {fds246724}
}
@article{fds154079,
Author = {A. P. Tonchev and C. T. Angell and M. Boswell and A. S. Crowell and B.
Fallin, S. Hammond and C. R. Howell and A. Hutcheson and H. J.
Karwowski and J. H. Kelley and R. S. Pedroni and W. Tornow and J.A.
Becker, D. Dashdor and J. Kenneally and R.A. Macri and M.A. Stoyer and C.Y.Wu, E. Bond and M.B. Chadwick and J. Fitzpatrick and T. Kawano and R.S. Rundberg and A. Slemmons and D. J. Vieira and J. B.
Wilhelmy},
Title = {Measurement of the 241Am(n, 2n) Reaction Cross
Section from 7.6 to 14.5 MeV},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {77},
Pages = {54610},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds154079}
}
@article{fds246728,
Author = {Kapadia, AJ and Sharma, AC and Tourassi, GD and Bender, JE and Howell,
CR and Crowell, AS and Kiser, MR and Harrawood, BP and Pedroni, RS and Floyd, CE},
Title = {Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography for
diagnosis of breast cancer},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science},
Volume = {55},
Number = {1},
Pages = {501-509},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0018-9499},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2007.909847},
Abstract = {Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography (NSECT) is
being developed as a non-invasive spectroscopic imaging
technique to determine element concentrations in the human
body. NSECT uses a beam of fast neutrons that scatter
inelastically from atomic nuclei in tissue, causing them to
emit characteristic gamma photons that are detected and
identified using an energy-sensitive gamma detector. By
measuring the energy and number of emitted gamma photons,
the system can determine the elemental composition of the
target tissue. Such determination is useful in detecting
several disorders in the human body that are characterized
by changes in element concentration, such as breast cancer.
In this paper we describe our experimental implementation of
a prototype NSECT system for the diagnosis of breast cancer
and present experimental results from sensitivity studies
using this prototype. Results are shown from three sets of
samples: (a) excised breast tissue samples with unknown
element concentrations, (b) a multi-element calibration
sample used for sensitivity studies, and (c) a small-animal
specimen, to demonstrate detection ability from in-vivo
tissue. Preliminary results show that NSECT has the
potential to detect elements in breast tissue. Several
elements were identified common to both benign and malignant
samples, which were confirmed through neutron activation
analysis (NAA). Statistically significant differences were
seen for peaks at energies corresponding to 37Cl, 56Fe,
58Ni, 59Co, 66Zn, 79Br and 87Rb. The spectrum from the small
animal specimen showed the presence of 12C from tissue, 40Ca
from bone, and elements 39K, 27Al, 37Cl, 56Fe, 68Zn and
25Mg. Threshold sensitivity for the four elements analyzed
was found to range from 0.3 grams to 1 gram, which is higher
than the microgram sensitivity required for cancer
detection. Patient dose levels from NSECT were found to be
comparable to those of screening mammography. © 2008
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/TNS.2007.909847},
Key = {fds246728}
}
@article{fds246730,
Author = {Braun, RT and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and González Trotter and DE and Roper, CD and Salinas, F and Setze, HR and Walter, RL and Weisel,
GJ},
Title = {Neutron-proton analyzing power at 12 MeV and inconsistencies
in parametrizations of nucleon-nucleon data},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {660},
Number = {3},
Pages = {161-166},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0370-2693},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2007.12.039},
Abstract = {We present the most accurate and complete data set for the
analyzing power Ay (θ) in neutron-proton scattering. The
experimental data were corrected for the effects of multiple
scattering, both in the center detector and in the neutron
detectors. The final data at En = 12.0 MeV deviate
considerably from the predictions of nucleon-nucleon
phase-shift analyses and potential models. The impact of the
new data on the value of the charged pion-nucleon coupling
constant is discussed in a model study. © 2008 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.physletb.2007.12.039},
Key = {fds246730}
}
@article{fds246726,
Author = {Kapadia, AJ and Tourassi, GD and Sharma, AC and Crowell, AS and Kiser,
MR and Howell, CR},
Title = {Experimental detection of iron overload in liver through
neutron stimulated emission spectroscopy.},
Journal = {Physics in medicine and biology},
Volume = {53},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2633-2649},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0031-9155},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18443387},
Abstract = {Iron overload disorders have been the focus of several
quantification studies involving non-invasive imaging
modalities. Neutron spectroscopic techniques have
demonstrated great potential in detecting iron
concentrations within biological tissue. We are developing a
neutron spectroscopic technique called neutron stimulated
emission computed tomography (NSECT), which has the
potential to diagnose iron overload in the liver at
clinically acceptable patient dose levels through a
non-invasive scan. The technique uses inelastic scatter
interactions between atomic nuclei in the sample and
incoming fast neutrons to non-invasively determine the
concentration of elements in the sample. This paper
discusses a non-tomographic application of NSECT
investigating the feasibility of detecting elevated iron
concentrations in the liver. A model of iron overload in the
human body was created using bovine liver tissue housed
inside a human torso phantom and was scanned with a 5 MeV
pulsed beam using single-position spectroscopy. Spectra were
reconstructed and analyzed with algorithms designed
specifically for NSECT. Results from spectroscopic
quantification indicate that NSECT can currently detect
liver iron concentrations of 6 mg g(-1) or higher and has
the potential to detect lower concentrations by optimizing
the acquisition geometry to scan a larger volume of tissue.
The experiment described in this paper has two important
outcomes: (i) it demonstrates that NSECT has the potential
to detect clinically relevant concentrations of iron in the
human body through a non-invasive scan and (ii) it provides
a comparative standard to guide the design of iron overload
phantoms for future NSECT liver iron quantification
studies.},
Doi = {10.1088/0031-9155/53/10/013},
Key = {fds246726}
}
@article{fds246727,
Author = {Floyd, CE and Kapadia, AJ and Bender, JE and Sharma, AC and Xia, JQ and Harrawood, BP and Tourassi, GD and Lo, JY and Crowell, AS and Kiser, MR and Howell, CR},
Title = {Neutron-stimulated emission computed tomography of a
multi-element phantom.},
Journal = {Phys Med Biol},
Volume = {53},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2313-2326},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0031-9155},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18421119},
Abstract = {This paper describes the implementation of
neutron-stimulated emission computed tomography (NSECT) for
non-invasive imaging and reconstruction of a multi-element
phantom. The experimental apparatus and process for
acquisition of multi-spectral projection data are described
along with the reconstruction algorithm and images of the
two elements in the phantom. Independent tomographic
reconstruction of each element of the multi-element phantom
was performed successfully. This reconstruction result is
the first of its kind and provides encouraging proof of
concept for proposed subsequent spectroscopic tomography of
biological samples using NSECT.},
Doi = {10.1088/0031-9155/53/9/008},
Key = {fds246727}
}
@article{fds246729,
Author = {Chen, Q and Howell, CR and Carman, TS and Gibbs, WR and Gibson, BF and Hussein, A and Kiser, MR and Mertens, G and Moore, CF and Morris, C and Obst, A and Pasyuk, E and Roper, CD and Salinas, F and Setze, HR and Slaus,
I and Sterbenz, S and Tornow, W and Walter, RL and Whiteley, CR and Whitton, M},
Title = {Measurement of the neutron-neutron scattering length using
the π-d capture reaction},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {77},
Number = {5},
Pages = {054002},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.77.054002},
Abstract = {We have determined a value for the 1S0 neutron-neutron
scattering length (ann) from high-precision measurements of
time-of-flight spectra of neutrons from the H2(π-,nγ)n
capture reaction. The measurements were done at the Los
Alamos Meson Physics Facility by the E1286 Collaboration.
The high spatial resolution of our γ-ray detector enabled
us to make a detailed assessment of the systematic
uncertainties in our techniques. The value obtained in the
present work is ann=-18.63±0.10 (statistical) ± 0.44
(systematic) ± 0.30 (theoretical) fm. This result is
consistent with previous determinations of ann from the π-d
capture reaction. We found that the analysis of the data
with calculations that use a relativistic phase-space factor
gives a more negative value for ann by 0.33 fm over the
analysis done using a nonrelativistic phase-space factor.
Combining the present result with the previous ones from
π-d capture gives ann=-18.63±0.27(expt) ±0.30 fm
(theory). For the first time the combined statistical and
systematic experimental uncertainty in ann is smaller than
the theoretical uncertainty and comparable to the
uncertainty in the proton-proton 1S0 scattering length
(app). This average value of ann when corrected for the
magnetic-moment interaction of the two neutrons becomes
-18.9 ± 0.4 fm, which is 1.6 ± 0.5 fm different from the
recommended value of app, thereby confirming charge symmetry
breaking at the 1% confidence level. © 2008 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.77.054002},
Key = {fds246729}
}
@article{fds246679,
Author = {Stave, S and Ahmed, MW and Antolak, AJ and Blackston, MA and Crowell,
AS and Doyle, BL and Henshaw, SS and Howell, CR and Kingsberry, P and Perdue, BA and Rossi, P and Prior, RM and Spraker, MC and Weller,
HR},
Title = {Cross section measurements of the B10(d,n0)C11 reaction
below 160 keV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {77},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.77.054607},
Abstract = {New data were taken at the Triangle Universities Nuclear
Laboratory to investigate the plausibility of using low
energy deuterons and the B10(d,n)C11 reaction as a portable
source of 6.3 MeV neutrons. Analysis of the data at and
below incident deuteron energies of 160 keV indicates an n0
neutron cross section that is lower than previous estimates
by at least three orders of magnitude. In separate runs,
deuterons with two different energies (160 and 140 keV) were
stopped in a B10 target. The resulting n0 neutrons of
approximately 6.3 MeV were detected at angles between 0°
and 150°. The angle integrated yields were used to
determine the astrophysical S factor for this reaction
assuming a constant value for the S factor below 160 keV.
The cross sections reported between 130 and 160 keV were
calculated using the extracted value of the S factor. The
measured n0 cross section is several orders of magnitude
smaller than previous results, thus eliminating B10(d,n)C11
as a portable source of intense neutrons with low energy
deuteron beams on the order of tens of microamps. In order
to gain insight into the reaction dynamics at these low
energies the cross section results have been compared with
results from calculations using the distorted wave Born
approximation (DWBA) and a detailed Hauser-Feshbach
calculation performed by the authors. The angular
distribution is consistent with the Hauser-Feshbach
calculation suggesting a statistical compound nucleus
reaction rather than a direct reaction. © 2008 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.77.054607},
Key = {fds246679}
}
@article{fds246731,
Author = {Tonchev, AP and Angell, CT and Boswell, M and Crowell, AS and Fallin, B and Hammond, S and Howell, CR and Hutcheson, A and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley,
JH and Pedroni, RS and Tornow, W and Becker, JA and Dashdorj, D and Kenneally, J and MacRi, RA and Stoyer, MA and Wu, CY and Bond, E and Chadwick, MB and Fitzpatrick, J and Kawano, T and Rundberg, RS and Slemmons, A and Vieira, DJ and Wilhelmy, JB},
Title = {Measurement of the Am241(n,2n) reaction cross section from
7.6 MeV to 14.5 MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {77},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.77.054610},
Abstract = {The (n,2n) cross section of the radioactive isotope Am241
(T1/2=432.6 y) has been measured in the incident neutron
energy range from 7.6 to 14.5 MeV in steps of a few MeV
using the activation technique. Monoenergetic neutron beams
were produced via the H2(d,n)He3 reaction by bombarding a
pressurized deuterium gas cell with an energetic deuteron
beam at the TUNL 10-MV Van de Graaff accelerator facility.
The induced γ-ray activity of Am240 was measured with
high-resolution HPGe detectors. The cross section was
determined relative to Al, Ni, and Au neutron activation
monitor foils, measured in the same geometry. Good agreement
is obtained with previous measurements at around 9 and 14
MeV, whereas for a large discrepancy is observed when our
data are compared to those reported by Perdikakis near 11
MeV. Very good agreement is found with the END-B/VII
evaluation, whereas the JENDL-3.3 evaluation is in fair
agreement with our data. © 2008 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.77.054610},
Key = {fds246731}
}
@article{fds246725,
Author = {Kiser, MR and Reid, CD and Crowell, AS and Phillips, RP and Howell,
CR},
Title = {Exploring the transport of plant metabolites using positron
emitting radiotracers.},
Journal = {HFSP journal},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {189-204},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1955-2068},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2976/1.2921207},
Abstract = {Short-lived positron-emitting radiotracer techniques provide
time-dependent data that are critical for developing models
of metabolite transport and resource distribution in plants
and their microenvironments. Until recently these techniques
were applied to measure radiotracer accumulation in coarse
regions along transport pathways. The recent application of
positron emission tomography (PET) techniques to plant
research allows for detailed quantification of real-time
metabolite dynamics on previously unexplored spatial scales.
PET provides dynamic information with millimeter-scale
resolution on labeled carbon, nitrogen, and water transport
over a small plant-size field of view. Because details at
the millimeter scale may not be required for all regions of
interest, hybrid detection systems that combine
high-resolution imaging with other radiotracer counting
technologies offer the versatility needed to pursue
wide-ranging plant physiological and ecological research. In
this perspective we describe a recently developed hybrid
detection system at Duke University that provides
researchers with the flexibility required to carry out
measurements of the dynamic responses of whole plants to
environmental change using short-lived radiotracers.
Following a brief historical development of radiotracer
applications to plant research, the role of radiotracers is
presented in the context of various applications at the leaf
to the whole-plant level that integrates cellular and
subcellular signals andor controls.},
Doi = {10.2976/1.2921207},
Key = {fds246725}
}
@article{fds246720,
Author = {Bowman, CD and Bilpuch, EG and Bowman, DC and Crowell, AS and Howell,
CR and McCabe, K and Smith, GA and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W and Violet, V and Vogelaar, RB and Walter, RL and Yingling, J},
Title = {Reducing Parasitic Thermal Neutron Absorption in Graphite by
30%},
Journal = {Nucl. Science and Eng.},
Volume = {161},
Number = {1},
Pages = {68},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0029-5639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/NSE161-68},
Abstract = {The results of two experiments combined show that the
diffusion length D for thermal neutrons in the graphite
studied is 24% larger than expected from classical
experiments and that the boron equivalent absorption is
smaller than expected and consistent with zero. Taken
together, the results indicate a reduction in parasitic
thermal neutron absorption in heterogeneous graphite
reactors by about 30%. The first experiment measured the
z-dependence of thermal neutron flux in a column of 12 t of
granular graphite with a neutron source at the bottom. A
second measurement was made by pulsing the column with a
neutron source at its center and measuring the neutron decay
rate as a function of time after a pure exponential decay
had been established. The diffusion coefficient D adjusted
to a density of 1.60 g/cm3 is 1.05 ± 0.03 cm compared with
the commonly accepted value of 0.85 ± 0.013 cm. The
absorption in our graphite owing to impurities was found to
be < 10% of that from carbon alone. The parameter ∑a/D
that measures neutron loss was determined to be 0.000235 ±
0.000026 cm-2 for a density of 1.60 g/cm3 and may be
compared with the commonly accepted value of 0.000340. The
performance of graphite thermal spectrum reactors
constructed using our graphite would be significantly
enhanced over present expectations because neutron loss to
graphite is a major factor in the neutron economy of
graphite-moderated thermal reactors.},
Doi = {10.13182/NSE161-68},
Key = {fds246720}
}
@article{fds246721,
Author = {Bowman, CD and Bowman, DC and Bilpuch, EG and Crowell, AS and Howell,
CR and McCabe, K and Smith, GA and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W and Vylet, V and Walter, RL},
Title = {Neutrons from a proton-driven deuterium target as a possible
competitor to spallation for nuclear energy
applications},
Journal = {Nuclear Science and Engineering},
Volume = {161},
Number = {1},
Pages = {119-124},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0029-5639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/NSE161-119},
Abstract = {Measurements are reported on the yield of neutrons from
protons in the energy range from 7 to 17 MeV striking a
stopping-length target of deuterium gas. This combination of
beam and target is being investigated as an alternative to
spallation for accelerator-driven transmutation technology
with perhaps equivalent or lower energy cost per neutron.
The concept includes neutrons produced from a cascade of
reactions starting with the p + d reaction giving rise to
subsequent fusion neutrons and neutrons from higher-order
breakup reactions. In our application the incident proton
energy is expected to be -100 MeV so that most of the
neutrons produced in these reactions will be higher-energy
neutrons that can undergo multiplication in surrounding
beryllium or lead. The results reported here for lower
proton energies indicate that the expected fusion and
higher-order breakup reactions have been observed, and they
provide the basis for a measurement at 100 MeV to confirm
the larger proton-induced cascade benefits expected at
higher proton energies.},
Doi = {10.13182/NSE161-119},
Key = {fds246721}
}
@article{fds327433,
Author = {Gunasingha, R and Howell, C and Crowell, A and Fallin, B and Yoshizumi,
T and Song, H and Tonchev, A and Brady, S and Anderson‐evans,
C},
Title = {SU‐FF‐T‐436: Comparison of Neutron Doses to a Water
Target Exposed to a 10 MeV Neutron Beam: Foil Activation
Method Vs. Monte Carlo Simulations},
Journal = {Medical Physics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2622-2623},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3181918},
Abstract = {We developed a mouse dosimetry model for neutron beam, and
compared the calculated and simulated neutron doses for a
water target (mouse) exposed to a 10 MeV neutron beam. We
also estimated the longitudinal neutron dose profile for the
water target. A water bottle (a simulated mouse, 6 cm × 1.3
cm radius) was exposed to a flux of 10 MeV neutrons produced
via the d(d, n)He reaction using the Tandem accelerator at
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory at Duke University.
An estimation of the neutron flux was obtained by neutron
activations of two sets of aluminum and gold activation
foils. One foil of each type was placed at the front and
back sides of the water target. The flux was then calculated
based on gamma spectroscopy of the irradiated foils using
HPGe detectors. A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation based on
FLUKA2008 code, was also used to estimate the 10 MeV neutron
dose for the same geometry. The highest neutron flux
measured using the activation technique was (8.538×106
+/− 6.89×104) n.cm−2.s−1 at the front end of the
target. Using neutron kerma factors from ICRU data tables,
the calculated dose rate to a water target at the location
of the foil was (1.890+/− 0.015) Gy.hr−1. Using the data
from the MC simulation, the calculated neutron dose to the
front end of the water target was (1.870 +/− 0.001)
Gy.hr−1. The dose calculated using the foil activation
technique was in good agreement with the MC results. The
slight discrepancy in the measured flux was likely the
result of the closer position of the activation foils to the
neutron source than the water bottle target, and also
absorption within the activation foils. Assuming these
results are in good agreement, we estimated the dose profile
for the simulated mouse. © 2009, American Association of
Physicists in Medicine. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1118/1.3181918},
Key = {fds327433}
}
@article{fds327635,
Author = {Brady, S and Gunasingha, R and Howell, C and Crowell, A and Fallin, B and Yoshizumi, T},
Title = {SU‐FF‐T‐372: Novel Neutron Dosimetry Using
Radiochromic Films for 10 MeV Neutrons},
Journal = {Medical Physics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2607},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3181853},
Abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to estimate neutron doses using
radiochromic XRQA films. Five radiochromic films, placed at
varying distances from the neutron source and a water
bottle, were exposed to a flux of 10 MeV neutrons produced
via the d(d, n)He reaction using the Tandem accelerator at
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory at Duke University.
An estimation of the neutron flux was obtained by neutron
activations of two sets of aluminum and gold activation
foils. One foil of each type was placed at the front and
back sides of the water target. The flux calculation was
based on gamma spectroscopy of the irradiated foils using
HPGe detectors. A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation based on
FLUKA2008 code was also used to estimate the 10 MeV neutron
dose for the same geometry. The accuracy of the results from
MC was verified by the comparison of dose on water target
from MC with the dose calculated on the same target using
flux and the ICRU data tables. Based on these results, a
calibration curve was obtained for optical density of the
film vs. absorbed neutron dose in the range of 0–20 Gy. We
have demonstrated the potential application of radiochromic
films for neutron dosimetry. This research was, in part,
supported by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases Grant 5U19 AI067798‐03. © 2009, American
Association of Physicists in Medicine. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1118/1.3181853},
Key = {fds327635}
}
@article{fds246699,
Author = {Laveissière, G and Degrande, N and Jaminion, S and Jutier, C and Todor,
L and Di Salvo and R and Van Hoorebeke and L and Alexa, LC and Anderson, BD and Aniol, KA and Arundell, K and Audit, G and Auerbach, L and Baker, FT and Baylac, M and Berthot, J and Bertin, PY and Bertozzi, W and Bimbot, L and Boeglin, WU and Brash, EJ and Breton, V and Breuer, H and Burtin, E and Calarco, JR and Cardman, LS and Cavata, C and Chang, CC and Chen, JP and Chudakov, E and Cisbani, E and Dale, DS and De Jager and CW and De Leo and R and Deur, A and D'Hose, N and Dodge, GE and Domingo, JJ and Elouadrhiri, L and Epstein, MB and Ewell, LA and Finn, JM and Fissum, KG and Fonvieille, H and Fournier, G and Frois, B and Frullani, S and Furget, C and Gao, H and Gao,
J and Garibaldi, F and Gasparian, A and Gilad, S and Gilman, R and Glamazdin, A and Glashausser, C and Gomez, J and Gorbenko, V and Grenier, P and Guichon, PAM and Hansen, JO and Holmes, R and Holtrop, M and Howell, C and Huber, GM and Hyde, CE and Incerti, S and Iodice, M and Jardillier, J and Jones, MK and Kahl, W and Kamalov, S and Kato, S and Katramatou, AT and Kelly, JJ and Kerhoas, S and Ketikyan, A and Khayat,
M and Kino, K and Kox, S and Kramer, LH and Kumar, KS and Kumbartzki, G and Kuss, M and Leone, A and LeRose, JJ and Liang, M and Lindgren, RA and Liyanage, N and Lolos, GJ and Lourie, RW and Madey, R and Maeda, K and Malov, S and Manley, DM and Marchand, C and Marchand, D and Margaziotis,
DJ and Markowitz, P and Marroncle, J},
Title = {Virtual Compton scattering and neutral pion
electroproduction in the resonance region up to the deep
inelastic region at backward angles},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {79},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.79.015201},
Abstract = {We have made the first measurements of the virtual Compton
scattering (VCS) process via the H(e, e'p)γ exclusive
reaction in the nucleon resonance region, at backward
angles. Results are presented for the W-dependence at fixed
Q2=1 GeV2 and for the Q2 dependence at fixed W near 1.5 GeV.
The VCS data show resonant structures in the first and
second resonance regions. The observed Q2 dependence is
smooth. The measured ratio of H(e, e'p)γ to H(e, e'p)π0
cross sections emphasizes the different sensitivity of these
two reactions to the various nucleon resonances. Finally,
when compared to real Compton scattering (RCS) at high
energy and large angles, our VCS data at the highest W
(1.8-1.9 GeV) show a striking Q2 independence, which may
suggest a transition to a perturbative scattering mechanism
at the quark level. © 2009 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.79.015201},
Key = {fds246699}
}
@article{fds246722,
Author = {Trotter, DEG and Meneses, FS and Tornow, W and Crowell, AS and Howell,
CR and Schmidt, D and Walter, RL},
Title = {Neutron detection efficiency determinations for the TUNL
neutron-neutron and neutron-proton scattering-length
measurements},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {599},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {234-242},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2008.10.036},
Abstract = {The methods employed and the results obtained from
measurements and calculations of the detection efficiency
for the neutron detectors used at Triangle Universities
Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) in the simultaneous determination
of the 1S0 neutron-neutron and neutron-proton scattering
lengths ann and anp, respectively, are described. Typical
values for the detector efficiency were 0.3. Very good
agreement between the different experimental methods and
between data and calculation has been obtained in the
neutron energy range below En = 13 MeV. © 2008 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2008.10.036},
Key = {fds246722}
}
@article{fds246680,
Author = {Tonchev, AP and Hammond, S and Howell, CR and Huibregtse, C and Hutcheson, A and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley, JH and Kwan, E and Rusev, G and Tornow, W and Vieira, DJ and Wilhelmy, JB},
Title = {Photodisintegration cross section of241Am},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {1099},
Pages = {820-823},
Publisher = {AIP},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0094-243X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3120165},
Abstract = {The photodisintegration cross section of radioactive 241Am
has been obtained for the first time using monoenergetic
γ-ray beams from the HIγS facility. The induced activity
of240Am produced via the 241Am(γ,n) reaction in the γ-ray
energy range from 9.5 to 16 MeV was measured by the
activation technique utilizing high resolution HPGe
detectors. The 241Am(γ,n) cross section was determined both
by measuring the absolute γ-ray flux and by comparison to
the 197Au(γ,n) and 58Ni(γ,n) cross section standards. The
experimental data for the 241Am(γ,n ) reaction in the giant
dipole resonance energy region is compared with statistical
nuclear-model calculations. © 2009 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3120165},
Key = {fds246680}
}
@article{fds246681,
Author = {Furman, WI and Muzichka, AY and Crawford, BE and Howell, CR and Kandiev,
Y and Levakov, BG and Litvin, VI and Lychagin, EV and Lyzhin, AE and Mitchell, GE and Nekhaev, GV and Sharapov, EI and Shvetsov, VN and Stephenson, SL and Strelkov, AV and Tchernukhin, YI and Tomow,
W},
Title = {Current status of the experiment on direct measurement of
neutron-neutron scattering length at the reactor
yaguar},
Journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
Volume = {1109},
Pages = {53-58},
Publisher = {AIP},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0094-243X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3122261},
Abstract = {A new experiment was proposed in 2002 to perixirm the first
direct measurement of neutron-neutron scattering on the
powerful pulsed reactor YAGUAR located at Snezhinsk, Ural
region, Russia. Extensive efforts were made to model the
background conditions and to optimize the set-up design. To
make the experiment feasible it was necessary to suppress
the background from various origins by more than 16 orders
of magnitude for thermal neutrons and 14 orders of magnitude
for fast neutrons. In 2003 a channel was drilled under the
reactor and equipped for time-offlight measurements. During
the next two years at this channel there were carried out a
series of test experiments aimed at verifying the accuracy
of the background modeling. Good agreement of the measured
results with the calculated values enabled us to make the
final design of the full scale set-up. During 2005-2006 the
experimental system was manufactured. After vacuum tests at
JINR the set-up was mounted at the YAGUAR reactor hall. In
2006-2007 calibration measurements with noble gases were
performed. The results confirmed the validity of the
modeling of the full scale experiment and verified the
calibration. The first preliminary experiments for
nn-scattering were performed in April 2008. These recent
results are discussed. © 2009 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3122261},
Key = {fds246681}
}
@article{fds246723,
Author = {Hutcheson, A and Angell, C and Becker, JA and Crowell, AS and Dashdorj,
D and Fallin, B and Fotiades, N and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kawano, T and Kelley, JH and Kwan, E and MacRi, RA and Nelson, RO and Pedroni, RS and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W},
Title = {Cross sections for U238(n,n'γ) and U238(n,2nγ) reactions
at incident neutron energies between 5 and 14
MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {80},
Number = {1},
Pages = {014603},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.80.014603},
Abstract = {Precision measurements of U238(n,n'γ) and U238(n,2nγ)
partial cross sections have been performed at Triangle
Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) to improve crucial
data needed for testing nuclear reaction models in the
actinide mass region. A pulsed and monoenergetic neutron
beam was used in combination with high-resolution γ-ray
spectroscopy to obtain partial cross sections for incident
neutron energies between 5 and 14 MeV. γ-ray yields were
measured with high-purity germanium clover and planar
detectors. Measured partial cross-section data are compared
with previous results using white and monoenergetic neutron
beams and calculations from the GNASH and TALYS
Hauser-Feshbach statistical-model codes. Present
experimental results are in fair to good agreement with most
of the existing data for the U238(n,n'γ) reaction. However,
significant discrepancies are observed for the U238(n,2nγ)
reaction. © 2009 The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.80.014603},
Key = {fds246723}
}
@article{fds246683,
Author = {Weisenberger, AG and Kross, B and McKisson, J and Stolin, A and Zorn, C and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS and Reid, CD and Majewski, S and Smith,
MF},
Title = {Positron emission tomography detector development for plant
biology},
Journal = {IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record},
Pages = {2323-2328},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1095-7863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2009.5402259},
Abstract = {There are opportunities for the development of new tools to
advance plant biology research through the use of
radionuclides. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator
Facility, Duke University, West Virginia University and the
University of Maryland are collaborating on the development
of radionuclide imaging technologies to facilitate plant
biology research. Biological research into optimizing plant
productivity under various environmental constraints,
biofuel and carbon sequestration research are areas that
could potentially benefit from new imaging technologies.
Using 11CO2 tracers, the investigators at Triangle
University Nuclear Laboratory / Duke University Phytotron
are currently researching the dynamical responses of plants
to environmental changes forecasted from increasing
greenhouse trace gases involved in global change. The
biological research primary focus is to investigate the
impact of elevated atmospheric CO2 and nutrients limitation
on carbon and nitrogen dynamics in plants. We report here on
preliminary results of 11CO2 plant imaging experiments
involving barley plants using Jefferson Lab dual planar
positron emission tomography detectors to image 11CO2 in
live barley plants. New detector designs will be developed
based on the preliminary studies reported here and further
planned. ©2009 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/NSSMIC.2009.5402259},
Key = {fds246683}
}
@article{fds246682,
Author = {Bowman, CD and Vogelaar, RB and Bilpuch, EG and Bowman, DC and Howell,
CR and Pierson, MA and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W},
Title = {Basis for green energy multiplier*alternative nuclear
technology (GEM*ART)},
Journal = {Transactions of the American Nuclear Society},
Volume = {100},
Pages = {578-579},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0003-018X},
Key = {fds246682}
}
@article{fds246717,
Author = {Weisel, GJ and Tornow, W and Crowe, BJ and Crowell, AS and Esterline,
JH and Howell, CR and Kelley, JH and Macri, RA and Pedroni, RS and Walter,
RL and Witala, H},
Title = {Neutron-deuteron analyzing power at 19.0
MeV},
Journal = {Phys. Rev.},
Volume = {C 81},
Pages = {024003},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds246717}
}
@article{fds246718,
Author = {Zhou, Z and Ruan, X and Du, Y and Qi, B and Tang, H and Xia, H and Walter, RL and Braun, RT and Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Weisel, GJ and Dupuis, M and Delaroche, JP and Chen, Z and Chen, Z and Chen, Y},
Title = {Differential cross section for neutron scattering from 209Bi
at 37 MeV and the weak particle-core coupling},
Journal = {Phys. Rev.},
Volume = {C 82},
Number = {2},
Pages = {024601},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/4266 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Differential scattering cross-section data have been
measured at 43 angles from 11° to 160° for 37-MeV neutrons
incident on Bi209. The primary motivation for the
measurements is to address the scarcity of neutron
scattering data above 30 MeV and to improve the accuracy of
optical-model predictions at medium neutron energies. The
high-statistics measurements were conducted at the China
Institute of Atomic Energy using the H3(d,n)He4 reaction as
the neutron source, a pulsed deuteron beam, and
time-of-flight (TOF) techniques. Within the resolution of
the TOF spectrometer, the measurements included inelastic
scattering components. The sum of elastic and inelastic
scattering cross sections was computed in joint
optical-model and distorted-wave Born approximation
calculations under the assumption of the weak particle-core
coupling. The results challenge predictions from
well-established spherical optical potentials. Good
agreement between data and calculations is achieved at 37
MeV provided that the balance between surface and volume
absorption in a recent successful model is modified, thus
suggesting the need for global optical-model improvements at
medium neutron energies. © 2010 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.82.024601},
Key = {fds246718}
}
@article{fds185178,
Author = {A. P. Tonchev and S. L. Hammond and C. R. Howell and C. Huibregtse and A. Hutcheson and J. H. Kelley and E. Kwan and R. Raut and G. Rusev and W.
Tornow, T. Kawano and D. J. Vieira and J. B.
Wilhelmy},
Title = {Measurement of the 241Am(γ,n)240Am
reaction in the giant dipole resonance region},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {82},
Pages = {054620},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds185178}
}
@article{fds185179,
Author = {Charles D. Bowman and R. Bruce Vogelaar and Edward G. Bilpuch and Calvin R. Howell and Anton P. Tonchev and Werner Tornow and R. L.
Walter},
Title = {GEM*STAR: The Alternative Reactor Technology Comprising
Graphite, Molten Salt, and Accelerators},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Nuclear Engineering},
Publisher = {Springer},
Address = {New York, NY},
Editor = {Dan Gabriel Cacuci},
Year = {2010},
ISBN = {978-0387-98130-7},
Key = {fds185179}
}
@article{fds327432,
Author = {Kapadia, A and Agasthya, G and Cumberbatch, L and Howell,
C},
Title = {SU‐GG‐I‐159: In‐Vivo Iron Measurement through
Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence},
Journal = {Medical Physics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3138},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3468195},
Abstract = {In‐vivo quantitative measurement of iron has been the
focus of several studies related to iron disorders in the
human body. Techniques such as SQUID and MRI have been used
to detect liver iron stores in patients afflicted with
hemochromatosis and thalassemia. Here we present a
gamma‐stimulated spectroscopy method to detect iron in an
aqueous sample through nuclear resonance fluorescence. A
high‐energy tuned gamma‐ray beam was used to excite
characteristic gamma emission from an iron sample suspended
in water. The gamma‐beam was generated using the
free‐electron‐laser source at Duke University and tuned
to 6.93 MeV to resonate with the 6926 keV energy state in
natural iron (56‐Fe). The beam was collimated and focused
onto a sample of natural iron immersed in water
corresponding to an iron concentration of 180 mg/g. An
identical phantom of copper immersed in water was used to
obtain an estimate of the background noise from the
spectroscopic acquisition setup. Emitted gamma spectra were
generated for each sample using a high‐purity germanium
(HPGe) detector and background corrected using
time‐of‐flight techniques. The resulting spectrum showed
a strong gamma line at 6926 keV originating from 56‐Fe in
the sample. This experiment demonstrates the ability to
selectively stimulate and quantify a specific energy level
in iron through nuclear resonance gamma‐stimulated
spectroscopy. Through tomographic imaging the technique can
be expanded to obtain three‐dimensional quantitative maps
of iron stores in the liver or other organs in the body in a
manner that is both non‐invasive and in‐vivo. © 2010,
American Association of Physicists in Medicine. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1118/1.3468195},
Key = {fds327432}
}
@article{fds246684,
Author = {Weisel, GJ and Tornow, W and Crowe, BJ and Crowell, AS and Esterline,
JH and Howell, CR and Kelley, JH and Macri, RA and Pedroni, RS and Walter,
RL and Witała, H},
Title = {Neutron-deuteron analyzing power data at 19.0
MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {81},
Number = {2},
Pages = {024003},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/4259 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Measurements of neutron-deuteron (n-d) analyzing power
Ay(θ) at En=19.0 MeV are reported at 16 angles from
θc.m.=46.7 to 152.0°. The objective of the experiment is
to better characterize the discrepancies between n-d data
and the predictions of three-nucleon calculations for
neutron energies above 16.0 MeV. The experiment used a
shielded neutron source, which produced polarized neutrons
via the H2(d-,n-)He3 reaction, a deuterated liquid
scintillator center detector (CD) and liquid-scintillator
neutron side detectors. A coincidence between the CD and the
side detectors isolated the elastic-scattering events. The
CD pulse height spectrum associated with each side detector
was sorted by using pulse-shape discrimination,
time-of-flight techniques, and by removing accidental
coincidences. A Monte Carlo computer simulation of the
experiment accounted for effects due to finite geometry,
multiple scattering, and CD edge effects. The resulting
high-precision data (with absolute uncertainties ranging
from 0.0022 to 0.0132) have a somewhat lower discrepancy
with the predictions of three-body calculations, as compared
to those found at lower energies. © 2010 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.81.024003},
Key = {fds246684}
}
@article{fds246719,
Author = {Brady, SL and Gunasingha, R and Yoshizumi, TT and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS and Fallin, B and Tonchev, AP and Dewhirst,
MW},
Title = {A feasibility study using radiochromic films for fast
neutron 2D passive dosimetry.},
Journal = {Phys Med Biol},
Volume = {55},
Number = {17},
Pages = {4977-4992},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20693612},
Abstract = {The objective of this paper is threefold: (1) to establish
sensitivity of XRQA and EBT radiochromic films to fast
neutron exposure; (2) to develop a film response to
radiation dose calibration curve and (3) to investigate a
two-dimensional (2D) film dosimetry technique for use in
establishing an experimental setup for a radiobiological
irradiation of mice and to assess the dose to the mice in
this setup. The films were exposed to a 10 MeV neutron beam
via the (2)H(d,n)(3)He reaction. The XRQA film response was
a factor of 1.39 greater than EBT film response to the 10
MeV neutron beam when exposed to a neutron dose of 165 cGy.
A film response-to-soft tissue dose calibration function was
established over a range of 0-10 Gy and had a goodness of
fit of 0.9926 with the calibration data. The 2D film
dosimetry technique estimated the neutron dose to the mice
by measuring the dose using a mouse phantom and by placing a
piece of film on the exterior of the experimental mouse
setup. The film results were benchmarked using Monte Carlo
and aluminum (Al) foil activation measurements. The
radiochromic film, Monte Carlo and Al foil dose measurements
were strongly correlated, and the film within the mouse
phantom agreed to better than 7% of the externally mounted
films. These results demonstrated the potential application
of radiochromic films for passive 2D neutron
dosimetry.},
Doi = {10.1088/0031-9155/55/17/007},
Key = {fds246719}
}
@article{fds246716,
Author = {Tonchev, AP and Hammond, SL and Howell, CR and Huibregtse, C and Hutcheson, A and Kelley, JH and Kwan, E and Raut, R and Rusev, G and Tornow, W and Kawano, T and Vieira, DJ and Wilhelmy,
JB},
Title = {Measurement of the Am241(γ,n)Am240
reaction in the giant dipole resonance region},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.82.054620},
Abstract = {The photodisintegration cross section of the radioactive
nucleus Am 241 has been obtained using activation techniques
and monoenergetic γ-ray beams from the HIγS facility. The
induced activity of Am 240 produced via the Am241(γ,n)
reaction was measured in the energy interval from 9 to 16
MeV utilizing high-resolution γ-ray spectroscopy. The
experimental data for the Am241(γ ,n) reaction in the giant
dipole resonance energy region are compared with statistical
nuclear-model calculations. © 2010 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.82.054620},
Key = {fds246716}
}
@article{fds246685,
Author = {Weisenberger, AG and Stolin, A and Kross, B and Lee, SJ and Majewski, S and McKisson, J and McKisson, JE and Xi, W and Zorn, C and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS and Reid, CD and Smith, MF},
Title = {Compact beta particle/positron imager for plant
biology},
Journal = {IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record},
Pages = {1752-1754},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1095-7863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2010.5874074},
Abstract = {The 11 CO2 tracer is used to facilitate plant biology
research towards optimization of plant productivity, biofuel
development and carbon sequestration in biomass. Positron
emission tomography (PET) imaging has been used to study
carbon transport in live plants using 11 CO 2. Plants
typically have very thin leaves resulting in little medium
for the emitted positrons to undergo an annihilation event.
For the emitted positron from 11C decay approximately 1mm of
water equivalent material is needed for positron
annihilation. Thus most of the positrons do not annihilate
inside the leaf, resulting in limited sensitivity for PET
imaging. To address this problem we have developed a compact
beta-positive beta-minus particle (BPBM) imager for 11 CO2
leaf imaging. The detector is based on a Hamamatsu H8500
position sensitive photomultiplier tube optically coupled
via optical grease and a 3mm thick glass plate to a 0.5mm
thick Eljin EJ-212 plastic scintillator. The detector is
equipped with a flexible arm to allow its placement and
orientation on the leaf of the plant of interest while
maintaining the leaf's original orientation. We are planning
to utilize the imaging device at the Duke University
Phytotron to investigate dynamic carbon transport
differences between invasive and native species. © 2010
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/NSSMIC.2010.5874074},
Key = {fds246685}
}
@article{fds246687,
Author = {Weisenberger, AG and Dong, H and Kross, B and Lee, SJ and McKisson, J and McKisson, JE and Xi, W and Zorn, C and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS and Cumberbatch, L and Reid, CD and Smith, MF and Stolin,
A},
Title = {Development of PhytoPET: A plant imaging PET
system},
Journal = {IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record},
Pages = {275-278},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1095-7863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2011.6154496},
Abstract = {The development and initial evaluation of a high-resolution
positron emission tomography (PET) system to image the
biodistribution of positron emitting tracers in live plants
is underway. The positron emitting 11CO2 tracer is used in
plant biology research investigating carbon sequestration in
biomass, optimization of plant productivity and biofuel
development. This PhytoPET design allows flexible
arrangements of PET detectors based on individual standalone
detector modules built from single 5 cm x 5 cm Hamamatsu
H8500 position sensitive photomultiplier tubes. Each H8500
is coupled to a LYSO:Ce scintillator array composed of 48x48
elements that are 10 mm thick arranged with a 1.0 mm pitch.
An Ethernet based 12-bit flash analog to digital data
acquisition system with onboard coincident matrix definition
is under development to digitize the signals. The detector
modules of the PhytoPET system can be arranged and stacked
to accommodate various sized plants and plant structures. ©
2011 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/NSSMIC.2011.6154496},
Key = {fds246687}
}
@article{fds246714,
Author = {Raut, R and Crowell, AS and Fallin, B and Howell, CR and Huibregtse, C and Kelley, JH and Kawano, T and Kwan, E and Rusev, G and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W and Vieira, DJ and Wilhelmy, JB},
Title = {Cross section measurements of neutron induced reactions on
GaAs using monoenergetic beams from 7.5 to 15
MeV},
Journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
Volume = {312},
Number = {SECTION 6},
Pages = {062008-062008},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/312/6/062008},
Abstract = {Cross section measurements for the neutron induced reactions
on GaAs have been carried out at ten different neutron
energies from 7.5 to 15 MeV, using the activation technique.
The monoenergetic neutron beams were produced via the
2H(d,n)3He reaction, known for it's high neutron yield in
the chosen energy regime. GaAs samples were activated along
with the Au and Al monitor foils, for estimating the
incident neutron flux. The induced activiy was measured
using high resolution γ-ray spectroscopy. Five reaction
channels viz., 69Ga(n, 2n) Ga, 69Ga(n,p)69mZn,
71Ga(n,p)71mZn, 75As(n, 2n)74As and 75As(n,p)75Ge, have been
reported for the comprehensive cross section measurements.
The results are compared with the existing literature data
and the available evaluations. Statistical model
calculations, based on the Hauser-Feshbach formalism, have
been carried out using the TALYS and EMPIRE codes and are
compared with the experimental values.},
Doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/312/6/062008},
Key = {fds246714}
}
@article{fds246713,
Author = {Adekola, AS and Angell, CT and Hammond, SL and Hill, A and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley, JH and Kwan, E},
Title = {Discovery of low-lying E1 and M1 strengths in
Th232},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {3},
Pages = {034615},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.034615},
Abstract = {Properties of low-energy dipole states in Th232 have been
investigated with the nuclear resonance fluorescence
technique. The present work used monoenergetic γ-ray beams
at energies of 2-4 MeV from the high-intensity γ-ray source
at Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory. Over 40
transitions corresponding to deexcitation to the ground
state and first excited state were observed for the first
time. Excitation energies, integrated cross sections, decay
widths, branching ratios, and transition strengths for those
states in Th232 were determined and compared with
quasiparticle random-phase-approximation calculations. A
large number of E1 transitions were observed for the first
time in actinide nuclei with summed strength of
3.28(69)×10-3 e2fm2. The observed summed M1 strength of
4.26(63)μN2 is in good agreement with the other actinides
and with the systematics of the scissors mode in deformed
rare-earth nuclei. © 2011 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.83.034615},
Key = {fds246713}
}
@article{fds246712,
Author = {Kwan, E and Rusev, G and Adekola, AS and Dönau, F and Hammond, SL and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley, JH and Pedroni, RS and Raut, R and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W},
Title = {Discrete deexcitations in U235 below 3 MeV from nuclear
resonance fluorescence},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {4},
Pages = {041601},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.041601},
Abstract = {Gamma-ray transitions in U235 were measured using the (γ,
γ') reaction below 3 MeV. The nuclear-resonance-fluorescence
experiment was carried out at the High-Intensity γ-ray
Source facility using nearly monoenergetic and circularly
polarized photon beams. More than 20 transitions
corresponding to deexcitations to the ground state and
low-lying levels in U235 were observed. The integrated cross
sections to the excited levels and intensities of branching
transitions were deduced. The experimental results are
compared with predictions from a quasiparticle random-phase
approximation in a deformed basis. © 2011 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.83.041601},
Key = {fds246712}
}
@article{fds318451,
Author = {Raut, R and Crowell, AS and Fallin, B and Howell, CR and Huibregtse, C and Kelley, JH and Kawano, T and Kwan, E and Rusev, G and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W and Vieira, DJ and Wilhelmy, JB},
Title = {Cross-section measurements of neutron-induced reactions on
GaAs using monoenergetic beams from 7.5 to 15
MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {4},
Pages = {062008-062008},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.044621},
Abstract = {Cross-section measurements for neutron-induced reactions on
GaAs have been carried out at twelve different neutron
energies from 7.5 to 15 MeV using the activation technique.
The monoenergetic neutron beams were produced via the
H2(d,n)He3 reaction. GaAs samples were activated along with
Au and Al monitor foils to determine the incident neutron
flux. The activities induced by the reaction products were
measured using high-resolution γ-ray spectroscopy. Cross
sections for five reaction channels, viz., Ga69(n,2n)Ga68,
Ga69(n,p)Zn69m, Ga71(n,p)Zn71m, As75(n,2n)As74, and
As75(n,p)Ge75, are reported. The results are compared with
the previous measurements and available data evaluations.
Statistical-model calculations, based on the Hauser-Feshbach
formalism, have been carried out using the TALYS and the
COH3 codes and are compared with the experimental results.
© 2011 American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.83.044621},
Key = {fds318451}
}
@article{fds246715,
Author = {Mueller, JM and Charity, RJ and Shane, R and Sobotka, LG and Waldecker,
SJ and Dickhoff, WH and Crowell, AS and Esterline, JH and Fallin, B and Howell, CR and Westerfeldt, C and Youngs, M and Crowe, BJ and Pedroni,
RS},
Title = {Asymmetry dependence of nucleon correlations in spherical
nuclei extracted from a dispersive-optical-model
analysis},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {6},
Pages = {064605},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.064605},
Abstract = {Neutron elastic-scattering angular distributions were
measured at beam energies of 11.9 and 16.9 MeV on Ca40,48
targets. These data plus other elastic-scattering
measurements, total and reaction cross-sections
measurements, (e,e′p) data, and single-particle energies
for magic and doubly magic nuclei have been analyzed in the
dispersive optical-model (DOM), generating nucleon
self-energies (optical-model potentials) that can be
related, via the many-body Dyson equation, to spectroscopic
factors and occupation probabilities. It is found that, for
stable nuclei with N≥Z, the imaginary surface potential
for protons exhibits a strong dependence on the
neutron-proton asymmetry. This result leads to a more modest
dependence of the spectroscopic factors on asymmetry. The
measured data and the DOM analysis of all considered nuclei
clearly demonstrate that the neutron imaginary surface
potential displays very little dependence on the
neutron-proton asymmetry for nuclei near stability (N≥Z).
© 2011 American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.83.064605},
Key = {fds246715}
}
@article{fds246711,
Author = {Arnold, CW and Clegg, TB and Karwowski, HJ and Rich, GC and Tompkins,
JR and Howell, CR},
Title = {Characterization of an INVS model IV neutron counter for
high precision (γ,n) cross-section measurements},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {647},
Number = {1},
Pages = {55-62},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.01.177},
Abstract = {A neutron counter designed for assay of radioactive
materials has been adapted for beam experiments at TUNL. The
cylindrical geometry and 60% maximum efficiency make it well
suited for (γ,n) cross-section measurements near the
neutron emission threshold. A high precision
characterization of the counter has been made using neutrons
from several sources. Using a combination of measurements
and simulations, the absolute detection efficiency of the
neutron counter was determined to an accuracy of ±3% in the
neutron energy range between 0.1 and 1 MeV. It is shown that
this efficiency characterization is generally valid for a
wide range of targets. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2011.01.177},
Key = {fds246711}
}
@article{fds246710,
Author = {Tompkins, JR and Arnold, CW and Karwowski, HJ and Rich, GC and Sobotka,
LG and Howell, CR},
Title = {Measurements of the 48Ca(γ,n) reaction},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {84},
Number = {4},
Pages = {044331},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.84.044331},
Abstract = {The 48Ca(γ,n) cross section was measured by using γ-ray
beams of energies between 9.5 and 15.3 MeV generated at the
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory high-intensity
γ-ray source. Prior to this experiment, no direct
measurements had been made with γ-ray beams of sufficiently
low energy spread to observe a structure in this energy
range. The cross sections were measured at 34 different
γ-ray energies with an enriched 48Ca target. Neutron
emission is the dominant decay mechanism in the measured
energy range that spans from the threshold, across the
previously identified M1 strength, and up the low-energy
edge of the E1 giant dipole resonance. This paper found
B(M1)=6.8±0.5μN2 for the 10.23-MeV resonance, a value
greater than previously measured. Structures in the cross
section have been observed whose magnitudes are in agreement
with existing data and that are commensurate with extended
random-phase approximation calculations. © 2011 American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.84.044331},
Key = {fds246710}
}
@article{fds246688,
Author = {Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS},
Title = {Proposal for the Simultaneous Measurement of the
Neutron-Neutron and Neutron-Proton Quasi-Free Scattering
Cross Section via the Neutron-Deuteron Breakup Reaction at E
n = 19 MeV},
Journal = {Few-Body Systems},
Volume = {54},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1-4},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0177-7963},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00601-012-0488-x},
Abstract = {In order to confirm or refute the present discrepancy
between data and calculation for the neutron-neutron
quasi-free scattering cross section in the neutron-deuteron
breakup reaction, we describe a new experimental approach
currently being pursued at TUNL. © 2012
Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00601-012-0488-x},
Key = {fds246688}
}
@article{fds246689,
Author = {Weisenberger, AG and Kross, B and Lee, SJ and McKisson, J and McKisson,
JE and Xi, W and Zorn, C and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS and Reid, CD and Smith, MF},
Title = {Nuclear physics detector technology applied to plant biology
research},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research
A},
Volume = {718},
Pages = {157-159},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.08.097},
Abstract = {The ability to detect the emissions of radioactive isotopes
through radioactive decay (e.g. beta particles, x-rays and
gamma-rays) has been used for over 80 years as a tracer
method for studying natural phenomena. More recently a
positron emitting radioisotope of carbon: 11C has been
utilized as a 11CO 2 tracer for plant ecophysiology
research. Because of its ease of incorporation into the
plant via photosynthesis, the 11CO 2 radiotracer is a
powerful tool for use in plant biology research. Positron
emission tomography (PET) imaging has been used to study
carbon transport in live plants using 11CO 2. Presently
there are several groups developing and using new PET
instrumentation for plant based studies. Thomas Jefferson
National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab) in
collaboration with the Duke University Phytotron and the
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) is involved
in PET detector development for plant imaging utilizing
technologies developed for nuclear physics research. The
latest developments of the use of a LYSO scintillator based
PET detector system for 11CO 2 tracer studies in plants will
be briefly outlined. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2012.08.097},
Key = {fds246689}
}
@article{fds246706,
Author = {Weisenberger, AG and Kross, B and Lee, SJ and McKisson, J and McKisson,
JE and Xi, W and Zorn, C and Reid, CD and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS and Cumberbatch, L and Fallin, B and Stolin, A and Smith,
MF},
Title = {PhytoBeta imager: a positron imager for plant
biology.},
Journal = {Physics in Medicine and Biology},
Volume = {57},
Number = {13},
Pages = {4195-4210},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0031-9155},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/57/13/4195},
Abstract = {Several positron emitting radioisotopes such as (11)C and
(13)N can be used in plant biology research. The
(11)CO(2) tracer is used to facilitate plant biology
research toward optimization of plant productivity, biofuel
development and carbon sequestration in biomass. Positron
emission tomography (PET) imaging has been used to study
carbon transport in live plants using (11)CO(2). Because
plants typically have very thin leaves, little medium is
present for the emitted positrons to undergo an annihilation
event. The emitted positrons from (11)C (maximum energy
960 keV) could require up to approximately 4 mm of water
equivalent material for positron annihilation. Thus many of
the positrons do not annihilate inside the leaf, resulting
in limited sensitivity for PET imaging. To address this
problem we have developed a compact beta-positive,
beta-minus particle imager (PhytoBeta imager) for
(11)CO(2) leaf imaging. The detector is based on a
Hamamatsu H8500 position sensitive photomultiplier tube
optically coupled via optical grease to a 0.5 mm thick
Eljen EJ-212 plastic scintillator. The detector is equipped
with a flexible arm to allow its placement and orientation
over or under the leaf to be studied while maintaining the
leaf's original orientation. To test the utility of the
system the detector was used to measure carbon translocation
in a leaf of the spicebush (Lindera benzoin) under two
transient light conditions.},
Doi = {10.1088/0031-9155/57/13/4195},
Key = {fds246706}
}
@article{fds246707,
Author = {Hammond, SL and Adekola, AS and Angell, CT and Karwowski, HJ and Kwan,
E and Rusev, G and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Kelley,
JH},
Title = {Dipole response of 238U to polarized photons below the
neutron separation energy},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {85},
Number = {4},
Pages = {044302},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.85.044302},
Abstract = {Nuclear resonance fluorescence experiments were carried out
at the High-Intensity γ-ray Source facility at Triangle
Universities Nuclear Laboratory to characterize the
low-energy dipole structure of 238U using 100% linearly
polarized photon beams from 2.0 to 6.2 MeV. 113 transitions
corresponding to de-excitations to the ground state in 238U
were observed and the energy, spin, parity, integrated cross
section, reduced width, and branching ratio were determined
for each of these identified levels. The total E1 γ-ray
interaction cross section was calculated and it was deduced
that the observed concentration of low-lying E1 transitions
were excited from the low-energy tail of the giant dipole
resonance and were not a pygmy dipole resonance. Comparisons
were made between quasiparticle random-phase approximation
calculations and the experimentally observed strength. The
observed and predicted M1 strength agreed well with each
other. However, there was no similar agreement for the E1
strength. © 2012 American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.85.044302},
Key = {fds246707}
}
@article{fds246709,
Author = {Arnold, CW and Clegg, TB and Iliadis, C and Karwowski, HJ and Rich, GC and Tompkins, JR and Howell, CR},
Title = {Cross-section measurement of 9Be(γ,n)8Be and implications
for α+α+n→9Be in the r process},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {85},
Number = {4},
Pages = {044605},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.85.044605},
Abstract = {Models of the r process are sensitive to the production rate
of 9Be because, in explosive environments rich in neutrons,
α(αn,γ) 9Be is the primary mechanism for bridging the
stability gaps at A=5 and A=8. The α(αn,γ)9Be reaction
represents a two-step process, consisting of α+α→8Be
followed by 8Be(n,γ)9Be. We report here on a new absolute
cross-section measurement for the 9Be(γ,n)8Be reaction
conducted using a highly efficient, 3He-based neutron
detector and nearly monoenergetic photon beams, covering
energies from Eγ=1.5 MeV to Eγ=5.2 MeV, produced by the
High Intensity γ-ray Source of Triangle Universities
Nuclear Laboratory. In the astrophysically important
threshold energy region, the present cross sections are 40%
larger than those found in most previous measurements and
are accurate to ±10% (95% confidence). The revised
thermonuclear α(αn,γ)9Be reaction rate could have
implications for the r process in explosive environments
such as type II supernovae. © 2012 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.85.044605},
Key = {fds246709}
}
@article{fds246708,
Author = {Couture, AH and Clegg, TB and Tajima, S and Howell, CR and Fallin, B and Esterline, JH and Crowell, AS and Crowe, BJ and Markoff, DM and Cumberbatch, LC and Pedroni, RS and Witała, H},
Title = {Cross-section measurements of 2H(n,np)n in symmetric star
configurations},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {85},
Number = {5},
Pages = {054004},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.85.054004},
Abstract = {Cross-section measurements have been made at 16 and 19 MeV
in two exit-channel configurations of neutron-deuteron
breakup: the space star and coplanar star. In this
kinematically complete measurement, the outgoing proton and
one of the neutrons were detected in coincidence and their
energies were determined via time-of-flight techniques.
Monte Carlo simulations based on rigorous three-nucleon
Faddeev calculations using the charge-dependent-Bonn
(CD-Bonn) nucleon-nucleon potential were used to compare the
experimental results with theory. Large discrepancies
between data and theory were found in both breakup
configurations measured at both energies, suggesting
deficiencies in current theoretical treatment of
three-nucleon forces or in present knowledge of the
neutron-neutron 1S0 force. © 2012 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.85.054004},
Key = {fds246708}
}
@article{fds327431,
Author = {Kapadia, A and Crowell, A and Fallin, B and Howell, C and Agasthya, G and Lakshmanan, M and Newton, J and Juang, T and Oldham,
M},
Title = {SU-E-T-108: 3D Measurement of Neutron Dose from a Novel
Neutron Imaging Technique.},
Journal = {Med Phys},
Volume = {39},
Number = {6Part11},
Pages = {3727},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.4735166},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: We have been developing a fast-neutron
spectroscopic technique to quantitatively image the
distribution of elements in the body using
quasi-monochromatic neutron beams. Previously, we
demonstrated the ability of the technique to quantify
specific elements in the liver and breast while limiting
radiation dose to clinically acceptable levels. Here we
present the results of a physical dose measurement performed
through neutron irradiation of 3D PRESAGE dosimetry
phantoms. METHODS: Two PRESAGE optical-CT dosimeters were
placed inside a physical phantom of the human torso and
irradiated with 8 MeV neutrons produced via the 2H(d,n)
reaction using a tandem Van-de-Graaff accelerator. The
dosimeters, measuring 10 cm and 4 cm in diameter, were
located in regions corresponding to the liver (10 cm), and
the kidney (4 cm). Irradiation was performed with the
neutron beam incident directly on the larger dosimeter.
Cumulative neutron fluence incident upon each dosimeter was
determined using an aluminum-foil activation technique.
Following irradiation, the change in optical density in both
dosimeters was measured to determine the relative
irradiation and dose distribution in each volume. RESULTS:
Both PRESAGE dosimeters exhibited detectable changes in
optical density corresponding to the dose deposited in the
volume. The two dosimeters registered doses of 8.5 Gy
(direct incidence, 4.5 hour irradiation) and 0.25 Gy
(off-axis, 20 hour irradiation), respectively. The larger
dosimeter showed highest intensity at the entry point of the
beam with exponential drop-off along the beam direction. The
smaller dosimeter registered a more uniform change in
intensity, consistent with the higher incidence of scattered
neutrons at this location. CONCLUSION: The results
demonstrate the utility of PRESAGE dosimeters in measuring
dose from neutron irradiation and highlight the difference
in relative doses between primary and proximal organs when
exposed to neutron beams. This work was supported by the
United States Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear
Physics under Grant No. DE-FG02-97ER41033, the National
Cancer Institute under grant R01CA100835, and by the
Department of Defense under award W81XWH-09-1-0066.},
Doi = {10.1118/1.4735166},
Key = {fds327431}
}
@article{fds246704,
Author = {Fonvieille, H and Laveissière, G and Degrande, N and Jaminion, S and Jutier, C and Todor, L and Di Salvo and R and Van Hoorebeke and L and Alexa,
LC and Anderson, BD and Aniol, KA and Arundell, K and Audit, G and Auerbach, L and Baker, FT and Baylac, M and Berthot, J and Bertin, PY and Bertozzi, W and Bimbot, L and Boeglin, WU and Brash, EJ and Breton, V and Breuer, H and Burtin, E and Calarco, JR and Cardman, LS and Cavata, C and Chang, CC and Chen, JP and Chudakov, E and Cisbani, E and Dale, DS and De
Jager, CW and De Leo and R and Deur, A and D'Hose, N and Dodge, GE and Domingo, JJ and Elouadrhiri, L and Epstein, MB and Ewell, LA and Finn,
JM and Fissum, KG and Fournier, G and Frois, B and Frullani, S and Furget,
C and Gao, H and Gao, J and Garibaldi, F and Gasparian, A and Gilad, S and Gilman, R and Glamazdin, A and Glashausser, C and Gomez, J and Gorbenko,
V and Grenier, P and Guichon, PAM and Hansen, JO and Holmes, R and Holtrop,
M and Howell, C and Huber, GM and Hyde, CE and Incerti, S and Iodice, M and Jardillier, J and Jones, MK and Kahl, W and Kato, S and Katramatou, AT and Kelly, JJ and Kerhoas, S and Ketikyan, A and Khayat, M and Kino, K and Kox,
S and Kramer, LH and Kumar, KS and Kumbartzki, G and Kuss, M and Leone, A and Lerose, JJ and Liang, M and Lindgren, RA and Liyanage, N and Lolos, GJ and Lourie, RW and Madey, R and Maeda, K and Malov, S and Manley, DM and Marchand, C and Marchand, D and Margaziotis, DJ and Markowitz, P and Marroncle, J and Martino, J},
Title = {Virtual Compton scattering and the generalized
polarizabilities of the proton at Q2=0.92 and 1.76
GeV2},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {86},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.86.015210},
Abstract = {Virtual Compton scattering (VCS) on the proton has been
studied at the Jefferson Laboratory using the exclusive
photon electroproduction reaction ep→epγ. This paper
gives a detailed account of the analysis which has led to
the determination of the structure functions PLL-P TT/ε and
PLT and the electric and magnetic generalized
polarizabilities (GPs) αE(Q2) and βM(Q2) at values of the
four-momentum transfer squared Q2=0.92 and 1.76 GeV2. These
data, together with the results of VCS experiments at lower
momenta, help building a coherent picture of the electric
and magnetic GPs of the proton over the full measured Q2
range and point to their nontrivial behavior. © 2012
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.86.015210},
Key = {fds246704}
}
@article{fds246690,
Author = {Al-Ohali, MA and Delaroche, JP and Howell, CR and Nagadi, MM and Naqvi,
AA and Tornow, W and Walter, RL and Weisel, GJ},
Title = {Neutron scattering from 28Si and 32S from 8.0 to 18.9 MeV,
dispersive optical model analyses, and ground-state
correlations},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {86},
Number = {3},
Pages = {034603},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.86.034603},
Abstract = {Background: The nucleon-nucleus dispersive optical model
(DOM) has been successful in providing good fits to
scattering data and in making valuable predictions for
bound-state properties in single- and double-closed shell
nuclei. However, the generalizability of the DOM remains an
ongoing issue. Purpose: We investigate the DOM in the
continuum and bound-state regions of the open-shell,
self-conjugate nuclei 28Si and 32S. We collect new
differential cross section and analyzing power data for
elastic scattering at incident neutron energies between 8.0
and 18.9 MeV. Methods: The measurements were conducted using
a pulsed deuteron beam, the 2He(d,n)3He source reaction, and
time-of-flight techniques. All data were corrected for
finite-geometry effects. Phenomenological DOM potentials
were tailored to fit the differential and total cross
section data, and then extrapolated to the bound-state
regions. The DOM bound-state predictions were then compared
to experimental data available for single-particle energies,
occupation probabilities, root-mean-square radii, and
spectroscopic factors. Results: The DOM bound-state
predictions are in only fair agreement with experimental
data and with USD shell-model predictions. Similar results
are found after converting our neutron DOMs into proton
DOMs. We investigate the separate effects of the dispersive
surface and volume potential components on occupation
probability and find that the volume component leads to a
uniform depletion of the hole states, while the surface
component acts mainly to deplete the valence orbitals. We
compare these results to those of a variational
multiparticle multihole configuration mixing (mp-mh CM)
calculation using the Gogny D1S effective force.
Conclusions: We find that the phenomenological DOM, which
was originally designed for spherical nuclei, show certain
deficiencies when applied to open-shell nuclei and suggest
possible avenues of improvement. We also find that the
predictions of occupation probability by the DOM using the
dispersive surface component are similar to those by the
mp-mh CM. This lends support to the interpretation that the
surface absorption in the optical model originates from
particle-vibration couplings, that is, long-range
correlations. © 2012 American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.86.034603},
Key = {fds246690}
}
@article{fds246642,
Author = {Lee, S and Kross, B and McKisson, J and McKisson, JE and Weisenberger,
AG and Xi, W and Zorn, C and Howell, CR and Reid, CD and Smith,
MF},
Title = {PhytoPET: Design and initial results of modular PET for
plant biology},
Journal = {IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record},
Pages = {1323-1325},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1095-7863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2012.6551323},
Abstract = {We have developed a positron emission tomography (PET)
system designed specifically for plant imaging in Phytotron
at Duke University. Initial evaluation of a PhytoPET system
to image the biodistribution of the positron emitting tracer
11C in live plants is presented. The mechanical arrangement
of the detectors is designed to accommodate the
unpredictable and random distribution in space of the plant
parts such as stems, leaves, and roots. Prototyping such a
system requires a completely new PET system design strategy
different from preclinical and clinical applications. This
PhytoPET design allows flexible arrangements of PET
detectors based on individual standalone detector modules
built from single 5 cm × 5 cm Hamamatsu H8500 position
sensitive photomultiplier tubes. Each H8500 is coupled to a
LYSO:Ce scintillator array composed of 48 × 48 elements
that are 10 mm thick with a 1 mm pitch. Initial results
provide planar PET images from two different arrangements (1
× 4 or 2 × 2) for flexible imaging capability. © 2012
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/NSSMIC.2012.6551323},
Key = {fds246642}
}
@article{fds246643,
Author = {Lee, S and Dong, H and McKisson, J and McKisson, JE and Weisenberger,
AG and Xi, W and Howell, CR and Reid, CD and Smith, MF},
Title = {Ethernet-based flash ADC for a plant PET detector
system},
Journal = {IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record},
Pages = {1320-1322},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1095-7863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2012.6551322},
Abstract = {We have developed a flash analog to digital (ADC) based read
out system to be used for a Positron Emission Tomography
(PET) system. The custom designed 16 channel 12-bit
Ethernet-based flash ADC (EFADC-16) unit operates at 250
MHz/s/channel utilizing a gigabit Ethernet interface to
parse time-stamped event signals. Each unit allows the user
to define a custom coincidence table for triggering. Each
EFADC-16 unit can digitize four H8500 position sensitive
photomultiplier tubes (PSPMT) equipped with a Jefferson Lab
designed 4 channel resistive readout (a total of 16
channels). We present initial performance results of the
EFADC-16 with four PET detector modules in a plant biology
application to acquire tomographic images of the
translocation of 11C within an oak seedling. © 2012
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/NSSMIC.2012.6551322},
Key = {fds246643}
}
@article{fds246705,
Author = {Stephenson, SL and Crawford, BE and Furman, WI and Lychagin, EV and Muzichka, AY and Nekhaev, GV and Sharapov, EI and Shvetsov, VN and Strelkov, AV and Levakov, BG and Lyzhin, AE and Chernukhin, YI and Howell, CR and Mitchell, GE and Tornow, W and Showalter-Bucher,
RA},
Title = {Experiment on direct n-n scattering – the
radiation-induced outgassing complication},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics A},
Volume = {895},
Pages = {33-43},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2012.09.005},
Abstract = {The first direct neutron-neutron scattering experiment using
the YAGUAR pulsed reactor has yielded initial results. They
show a unforeseen significant thermal neutron background as
a result of radiation-induced desorption within the
scattering chamber. Thermal neutrons are mostly scattering
not from other neutrons but instead from the desorbed gas
molecules. Analysis of the obtained neutron time-of-flight
spectra suggests neutron scattering from H2 molecules. The
presented desorption model agrees with our experimental
value of the desorption yield ηγ=0.02 molecules/gamma.
Possible techniques to reduce the effect of the desorption
background are presented.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2012.09.005},
Key = {fds246705}
}
@article{fds225744,
Author = {W. Tornow and C.R. Howell and A.S. Crowell},
Title = {A Proposal for the Simultaneous Measurement of the
Neutron-Neutron and Neutron-Proton Quasi-Free Scattering
Cross Section via the Neuron-Deuteron Breakup Reaction at En
= 19 MeV},
Journal = {Few-Body Syst.},
Volume = {54},
Pages = {2174},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds225744}
}
@article{fds221247,
Author = {M.W. Ahmed and A.E. Champagne and B.R. Holstein and C.R. Howell and W.M.
Snow, R.P. Springer and W.K. Wu.},
Title = {Parity Violation in Photonuclear Reactions at HIGS --
Submission to Snowmass 2013: Intensity Frontier},
Journal = {arXiv:1307.8178 [nucl-th]},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds221247}
}
@article{fds246635,
Author = {Lee, S and Kross, B and McKisson, J and McKisson, JE and Weisenberger,
AG and Xi, W and Zorn, C and Bonito, G and Howell, CR and Reid, CD and Crowell, A and Cumberbatch, LC and Topp, C and Smith,
MF},
Title = {Imaging corn plants with PhytoPET, a modular PET system for
plant biology},
Journal = {IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1095-7863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2013.6829796},
Abstract = {PhytoPET is a modular positron emission tomography (PET)
system designed specifically for plant imaging. The PhytoPET
design allows flexible arrangements of PET detectors based
on individual standalone detector modules built from single
Hamamatsu H8500 position sensitive photomultiplier tubes and
pixelated LYSO arrays. We have used the PhytoPET system to
perform preliminary corn plant imaging studies at the Duke
University Biology Department Phytotron. Initial evaluation
of the PhytoPET system to image the biodistribution of the
positron emitting tracer 11C in corn plants is presented.
11CO 2 is loaded into corn seedlings by a leaf-labeling
cuvette and translocation of 11C-sugars is imaged by a
flexible arrangement of PhytoPET modules on each side. The
PhytoPET system successfully images 11C within corn plants
and allows for the dynamic measurement of 11C-sugar
translocation from the leaf to the roots. © 2013
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/NSSMIC.2013.6829796},
Key = {fds246635}
}
@article{fds246640,
Author = {Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS},
Title = {Proposal for the Simultaneous Measurement of the
Neutron-Neutron and Neutron-Proton Quasi-Free Scattering
Cross Section via the Neutron-Deuteron Breakup Reaction at
En = 19 MeV},
Journal = {Few-Body Systems},
Volume = {54},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2171-2174},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0177-7963},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00601-012-0488-x},
Abstract = {In order to confirm or refute the present discrepancy
between data and calculation for the neutron-neutron
quasi-free scattering cross section in the neutron-deuteron
breakup reaction, we describe a new experimental approach
currently being pursued at TUNL. © 2012
Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00601-012-0488-x},
Key = {fds246640}
}
@article{fds337968,
Author = {Weisenberger, AG and Kross, B and Lee, SJ and McKisson, J and McKisson,
JE and Xi, W and Zorn, C and Howell, CR and Crowell, AS and Reid, CD and Smith, M},
Title = {Nuclear physics detector technology applied to plant biology
research},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {718},
Pages = {157-159},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.08.097},
Abstract = {The ability to detect the emissions of radioactive isotopes
through radioactive decay (e.g. beta particles, x-rays and
gamma-rays) has been used for over 80 years as a tracer
method for studying natural phenomena. More recently a
positron emitting radioisotope of carbon: 11C has been
utilized as a 11CO2 tracer for plant ecophysiology research.
Because of its ease of incorporation into the plant via
photosynthesis, the 11CO2 radiotracer is a powerful tool for
use in plant biology research. Positron emission tomography
(PET) imaging has been used to study carbon transport in
live plants using 11CO2. Presently there are several groups
developing and using new PET instrumentation for plant based
studies. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
(Jefferson Lab) in collaboration with the Duke University
Phytotron and the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory
(TUNL) is involved in PET detector development for plant
imaging utilizing technologies developed for nuclear physics
research. The latest developments of the use of a LYSO
scintillator based PET detector system for 11CO2 tracer
studies in plants will be briefly outlined. © 2012 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2012.08.097},
Key = {fds337968}
}
@article{fds347810,
Author = {Arnold, CW and Bond, EM and Bredeweg, TA and Fowler, MM and Moody, WA and Rusev, G and Vieira, DJ and Wilhelmy, JB and Becker, JA and Henderson,
R and Kenneally, J and Macri, R and McNabb, D and Ryan, C and Sheets, S and Stoyer, MA and Tonchev, AP and Bhatia, C and Bhike, M and Fallin, B and Gooden, ME and Howell, CR and Kelley, JH and Tornow,
W},
Title = {MEASUREMENT OF FISSION PRODUCT YIELDS FROM
FAST-NEUTRON-INDUCED FISSION},
Journal = {FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI,
ICFN5},
Pages = {443-448},
Publisher = {WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD},
Editor = {Hamilton, JH and Ramayya, AV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-981-4525-42-8},
Key = {fds347810}
}
@article{fds303667,
Author = {MacMullin, S and Kidd, M and Henning, R and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Brown, M},
Title = {Measurement of the elastic scattering cross section of
neutrons from argon and neon},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {87},
Number = {5},
Pages = {054613},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.2992v1},
Abstract = {Background: The most significant source of background in
direct dark matter searches are neutrons that scatter
elastically from nuclei in the detector's sensitive volume.
Experimental data for the elastic scattering cross section
of neutrons from argon and neon, which are target materials
of interest to the dark matter community, were previously
unavailable. Purpose: Measure the differential cross section
for elastic scattering of neutrons from argon and neon in
the energy range relevant to backgrounds from (α,n)
reactions in direct dark matter searches. Method:
Cross-section data were taken at the Triangle Universities
Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) using the neutron time-of-flight
technique. These data were fit using the spherical optical
model. Results: The differential cross section for elastic
scatting of neutrons from neon at 5.0 and 8.0 MeV and argon
at 6.0 MeV was measured. Optical-model parameters for the
elastic scattering reactions were determined from the best
fit to these data. The total elastic scattering cross
section for neon was found to differ by 6% at 5.0 MeV and
13% at 8.0 MeV from global optical-model predictions.
Compared to a local optical model for 40Ar, the elastic
scattering cross section was found to differ from the data
by 8% at 6.0 MeV. Conclusions: These new data are important
for improving Monte Carlo simulations and background
estimates for direct dark matter searches and for
benchmarking optical models of neutron elastic scattering
from these nuclei. © 2013 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.87.054613},
Key = {fds303667}
}
@article{fds246638,
Author = {Elhami, E and Orce, JN and Scheck, M and Mukhopadhyay, S and Choudry,
SN and McEllistrem, MT and Yates, SW and Angell, C and Boswell, M and Fallin, B and Howell, CR and Hutcheson, A and Karwowski, HJ and Kelley,
JH and Parpottas, Y and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W},
Title = {Erratum: Experimental study of the low-lying structure of
94Zr with the (n,n′γ) reaction (Physical
Review C - Nuclear Physics (2008) 78 (064303))},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {88},
Number = {2},
Year = {2013},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.88.029903},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.88.029903},
Key = {fds246638}
}
@article{fds225745,
Author = {G. J. Weisel and W. Tornow and A. S. Crowell and J. H. Esterline and G.
M. Hale and C. R. Howell and P. D. O’Malley and J. R. Tompkins and H. Witala},
Title = {Neutron-Deuteron Analyzing Power Data at En= 22.5
MeV},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {89},
Pages = {054001},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds225745}
}
@article{fds311602,
Author = {C. Bhatia et al. (including J. H. Kelley and C. R. Howell and W. Tornow)},
Title = {Fission Product Yield Study of 235U, 238U, and 239Pu Using
Dual Fission Chambers},
Journal = {Nuclear Data Sheets},
Volume = {119},
Pages = {324},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds311602}
}
@article{fds225747,
Author = {M.E. Gooden and B.A. Fallin and S.W. Finch and J.H. Kelley and C.R.
Howell, G. Rusev and A.P. Tonchev and W. Tornow and V.
Stanislav},
Title = {Partial Cross Sections for Neutron-Induced Reactions on
natCu at En=6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 MeV for 0-neutrino
double beta decay Background Studies},
Journal = {Int. Nuclear Data Conference, New York, 2013, Nucl. Data
Sheets},
Volume = {119},
Pages = {121},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds225747}
}
@article{fds311599,
Author = {G.J. Weisel and W. Tornow and A.S. Crowell and J.H. Esterline and G.M.
Hale, C.R. Howell and P.D. O’Malley and J.R. Tomkins and H.
Witała},
Title = {Neutron-deuteron analyzing power data at En=22.5
MeV},
Journal = {Phys. Rev. C},
Volume = {89},
Pages = {054001},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds311599}
}
@article{fds347809,
Author = {Gooden, ME and Fallin, BA and Finch, SW and Kelley, JH and Howell, CR and Rusev, G and Tonchev, AP and Tornow, W and Stanislav,
V},
Title = {Partial Cross Sections of Neutron-Induced Reactions on
??natCu
at ??En
= 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 MeV for 0νββ Background
Studies},
Journal = {Nuclear Data Sheets},
Volume = {119},
Pages = {121-123},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nds.2014.08.034},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nds.2014.08.034},
Key = {fds347809}
}
@article{fds304574,
Author = {Weisel, GJ and Tornow, W and Crowell, AS and Esterline, JH and Hale, GM and Howell, CR and O'Malley, PD and Tompkins, JR and Witała,
H},
Title = {Neutron-deuteron analyzing power data at En=22.5
MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {89},
Number = {5},
Pages = {701-703},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0375-9474},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000167628700152&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We present measurements of n-d analyzing power, Ay(θ), at
En=22.5 MeV. The experiment uses a shielded neutron source
which produced polarized neutrons via the 2H(d - ,n - )3He
reaction. It also uses a deuterated liquid-scintillator
center detector and six pairs of liquid-scintillator neutron
side detectors. Elastic neutron scattering events are
identified by using time-of-flight techniques and by setting
a window in the center detector pulse-height spectrum. The
beam polarization is monitored by using a high-pressure
helium gas cell and an additional pair of
liquid-scintillator side detectors. The n-d Ay(θ) data were
corrected for finite-geometry and multiple-scattering
effects using a Monte Carlo simulation of the experiment.
The 22.5-MeV data demonstrate that the three-nucleon
analyzing power puzzle also exists at this energy. They show
a significant discrepancy with predictions of high-precision
nucleon-nucleon potentials alone or combined with
Tucscon-Melbourne or Urbana IX three-nucleon forces, as well
as currently available effective-field theory based
potentials of next-to-next-to-next-to- leading order. ©
2014 American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.89.054001},
Key = {fds304574}
}
@article{fds246636,
Author = {Broussard, LJ and Back, HO and Boswell, MS and Crowell, AS and Dendooven, P and Giri, GS and Howell, CR and Kidd, MF and Jungmann, K and Kruithof, WL and Mol, A and Onderwater, CJG and Pattie, RW and Shidling,
PD and Sohani, M and Van Der Hoek and DJ and Rogachevskiy, A and Traykov,
E and Versolato, OO and Willmann, L and Wilschut, HW and Young,
AR},
Title = {Measurement of the half-life of the T= 12 mirror decay of Ne
19 and its implication on physics beyond the standard
model},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {112},
Number = {21},
Pages = {212301},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.212301},
Abstract = {The 12+→12+ superallowed mixed mirror decay of Ne19 to F19
is excellently suited for high precision studies of the weak
interaction. However, there is some disagreement on the
value of the half-life. In a new measurement we have
determined this quantity to be T1/2=17.2832±0.0051(stat)
±0.0066(syst)s, which differs from the previous world
average by 3 standard deviations. The impact of this
measurement on limits for physics beyond the standard model
such as the presence of tensor currents is discussed. ©
2014 American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.212301},
Key = {fds246636}
}
@article{fds322933,
Author = {Seo, PN and Crabb, DG and Duve, R and Norum, B and Tkachenko, S and Howell,
CR and Weller, HR and Miskimen, R and Ahmed, M},
Title = {Frozen spin target system for high intensive gamma-ray
source at DFELL of TUNL},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {09-13-September-2013},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {The UVa group in collaboration with the TUNL group is
currently building a frozen spin target system for the high
intensity gamma-ray source (HIγS) at the Duke Free Electron
Laser Laboratory (HIFROST). The heart of the system is a
dilution refrigerator which we rebuilt from the one
originally designed by T. Niinikoski and used at CERN and
subsequently at GKSS (now HGZ), Germany. The use of a
polarized target together with ∼100% polarized beams
available at HIγS make the HIγS facility ideal for double
polarization experiments. The first experiment will utilize
a polarized deuteron target with the ∼100% circularly
polarized gamma-ray beams to measure the
Drell-Hearn-Gerasimov sum rule integrand for the deuteron
below pion threshold. We report the status of developing
this system and describe the first experiment using
HIFROST.},
Key = {fds322933}
}
@article{fds246637,
Author = {Bhatia, C and Fallin, B and Gooden, ME and Howell, CR and Kelley, JH and Tornow, W and Arnold, CW and Bond, EM and Bredeweg, TA and Fowler, MM and Moody, WA and Rundberg, RS and Rusev, G and Vieira, DJ and Wilhelmy, JB and Becker, JA and Macri, R and Ryan, C and Sheets, SA and Stoyer, MA and Tonchev, AP},
Title = {Dual-fission chamber and neutron beam characterization for
fission product yield measurements using monoenergetic
neutrons},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {757},
Pages = {7-19},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2014.03.022},
Abstract = {A program has been initiated to measure the energy
dependence of selected high-yield fission products used in
the analysis of nuclear test data. We present out initial
work of neutron activation using a dual-fission chamber with
quasi-monoenergetic neutrons and gamma-counting method.
Quasi-monoenergetic neutrons of energies from 0.5 to 15 MeV
using the TUNL 10 MV FM tandem to provide high-precision and
self-consistent measurements of fission product yields
(FPY). The final FPY results will be coupled with
theoretical analysis to provide a more fundamental
understanding of the fission process. To accomplish this
goal, we have developed and tested a set of dual-fission
ionization chambers to provide an accurate determination of
the number of fissions occurring in a thick target located
in the middle plane of the chamber assembly. Details of the
fission chamber and its performance are presented along with
neutron beam production and characterization. Also presented
are studies on the background issues associated with
room-return and off-energy neutron production. We show that
the off-energy neutron contribution can be significant, but
correctable, while room-return neutron background levels
contribute less than <1% to the fission signal. © 2014
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2014.03.022},
Key = {fds246637}
}
@article{fds246634,
Author = {Bhatia, C and Fallin, BF and Gooden, ME and Howell, CR and Kelley, JH and Tornow, W and Arnold, CW and Bond, E and Bredeweg, TA and Fowler, MM and Moody, W and Rundberg, RS and Rusev, GY and Vieira, DJ and Wilhelmy, JB and Becker, JA and Macri, R and Ryan, C and Sheets, SA and Stoyer, MA and Tonchev, AP},
Title = {Exploratory study of fission product yields of
neutron-induced fission of U 235, U 238, and Pu 239 at 8.9
MeV EXPLORATORY STUDY of FISSION PRODUCT YIELDS ... C.
BHATIA et al.},
Journal = {Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0556-2813},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.064604},
Abstract = {Using dual-fission chambers each loaded with a thick
(200-400-mg/cm2) actinide target of 235,238U or Pu239 and
two thin (∼10-100-μg/cm2) reference foils of the same
actinide, the cumulative yields of fission products ranging
from Sr92 to Nd147 have been measured at En=8.9MeV. The
H2(d,n)He3 reaction provided the quasimonoenergetic neutron
beam. The experimental setup and methods used to determine
the fission product yield (FPY) are described, and results
for typically eight high-yield fission products are
presented. Our FPYs for U235(n,f), U238(n,f), and Pu239(n,f)
at 8.9 MeV are compared with the existing data below 8 MeV
from Glendenin et al. [Phys. Rev. C 24, 2600
(1981)10.1103/PhysRevC.24.2600], Nagy et al. [Phys. Rev. C
17, 163 (1978)10.1103/PhysRevC.17.163], Gindler et al.
[Phys. Rev. C 27, 2058 (1983)10.1103/PhysRevC.27.2058], and
those of Mac Innes et al. [Nucl. Data Sheets 112, 3135
(2011)10.1016/j.nds.2011.11.009] and Laurec et al. [Nucl.
Data Sheets 111, 2965 (2010)10.1016/j.nds.2010.11.004] at
14.5 and 14.7 MeV, respectively. This comparison indicates a
negative slope for the energy dependence of most fission
product yields obtained from U235 and Pu239, whereas for
U238 the slope issue remains unsettled.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.91.064604},
Key = {fds246634}
}
@article{fds329802,
Author = {Gooden, ME and Arnold, CW and Becker, JA and Bhatia, C and Bhike, M and Bond, EM and Bredeweg, TA and Fallin, B and Fowler, MM and Howell, CR and others},
Title = {Energy Dependence of Fission Product Yields from 235 U, 238
U and 239 Pu for Incident Neutron Energies Between 0.5 and
14.8 MeV},
Journal = {Nuclear Data Sheets},
Volume = {131},
Pages = {319-356},
Publisher = {Academic Press},
Year = {2016},
url = {http:/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nds.2015.12.006},
Abstract = {Fission Product Yields (FPY) have historically been one of
the most observable features of the fission process. They
are known to have strong variations that are dependent on
the fissioning species, the excitation energy, and the
angular momentum of the compound system. However, consistent
and systematic studies of the variation of these FPY with
energy have proved challenging. This is caused primarily by
the nature of the experiments that have traditionally relied
on radiochemical procedures to isolate specific fission
products. Although radiochemical procedures exist that can
isolate all products, each element presents specific
challenges and introduces varying degrees of systematic
errors that can make inter-comparison of FPY uncertain.
Although of high importance in fields such as nuclear
forensics and Stockpile Stewardship, accurate information
about the energy dependence of neutron induced FPY are
sparse, due primarily to the lack of suitable monoenergetic
neutron sources. There is a clear need for improved data,
and to address this issue, a collaboration was formed
between Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and the Triangle
Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) to measure the energy
dependence of FPY for 235U, 238U and 239Pu. The measurements
have been performed at TUNL, using a 10 MV Tandem Van de
Graaff accelerator to produce monoenergetic neutrons at
energies between 0.6 MeV to 14.8 MeV through a variety of
reactions. The measurements have utilized a dual-fission
chamber, with thin (10-100 μg/cm2) reference foils of
similar material to a thick (100-400 mg) activation target
held in the center between the chambers. This method allows
for the accurate determination of the number of fissions
that occurred in the thick target without requiring
knowledge of the fission cross section or neutron fluence on
target. Following activation, the thick target was removed
from the dual-fission chamber and gamma-ray counted using
shielded HPGe detectors for a period of 1-2 months to
determine the yield of various fission products. To the
extent possible all irradiation and counting procedures were
kept the same to minimize sources of systematic errors. FPY
have been determined at incident neutron energies of 0.6,
1.4, 2.4, 3.5, 4.6, 5.5, 8.9 and 14.8 MeV.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nds.2015.12.006},
Key = {fds329802}
}
@article{fds347808,
Author = {Snow, WM and Ahmed, MW and Bowman, JD and Crawford, C and Fomin, N and Gao,
H and Gericke, MT and Gudkov, V and Holstein, BR and Howell, CR and Huffman, P and van Oers, WTH and Penttilä, S and Wu,
YK},
Title = {Status of Theory and Experiment in Hadronic Parity
Violation},
Journal = {International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference
Series},
Volume = {40},
Pages = {1660002-1660002},
Publisher = {World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194516600028},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Hadronic parity violation uses quark-quark weak
interactions to probe nonperturbative strong interaction
dynamics through two nonperturbative QCD scales: [Formula:
see text] and the fine-tuned MeV scales of NN bound states
in low energy nuclear physics. The current and projected
availability of high-intensity neutron and photon sources
coupled with ongoing experiments and continuing developments
in theoretical methods provide the opportunity to greatly
expand our understanding of hadronic parity violation in
few-nucleon systems. The current status of these efforts and
future plans are discussed. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1142/s2010194516600028},
Key = {fds347808}
}
@article{fds329803,
Author = {Han, Z and Friesen, FQL and Howell, CR and Ahmed, MW and Crowe, BJ and Crowell, AS and Cumberbatch, LC and Fallin, B and Ticehurst, D and Tornow, W and Witała, H},
Title = {Monte-Carlo Simulation of 3H(γ, pn) n and
3He(γ, pp) n Experiments at HI
γs},
Journal = {EPJ Web of Conferences},
Volume = {113},
Pages = {08009-08009},
Publisher = {E D P SCIENCES},
Editor = {Elster, C and Phillips, DR and Roberts, CD},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201611308009},
Abstract = {We are developing an experiment to measure the two and
three-body (γ, p) differential cross sections (DCS) for 3H
and 3He. These data will be used to determine the 1S0 nn
scattering length (ann) and np scattering length (anp)
respectively. This paper describes features of the
Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation that will aid in the
optimization of the experimental design and the data
analysis approach.},
Doi = {10.1051/epjconf/201611308009},
Key = {fds329803}
}
@article{fds329804,
Author = {Malone, RC and Crowe, B and Crowell, AS and Cumberbatch, LC and Esterline, JH and Fallin, BA and Friesen, FQL and Han, Z and Howell, CR and Markoff, D and Ticehurst, D and Tornow, W and Witała,
H},
Title = {Neutron-neutron quasifree scattering in nd breakup at 10
MeV},
Journal = {EPJ Web of Conferences},
Volume = {113},
Pages = {04010-04010},
Publisher = {E D P SCIENCES},
Editor = {Elster, C and Phillips, DR and Roberts, CD},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201611304010},
Abstract = {The neutron-deuteron (nd) breakup reaction provides a rich
environment for testing theoretical models of the
neutron-neutron (nn) interaction. Current theoretical
predictions based on rigorous ab-initio calculations agree
well with most experimental data for this system, but there
remain a few notable discrepancies. The cross section for nn
quasifree (QFS) scattering is one such anomaly. Two recent
experiments reported cross sections for this particular nd
breakup configuration that exceed theoretical calculations
by almost 20% at incident neutron energies of 26 and 25 MeV
[1, 2]. The theoretical values can be brought into agreement
with these results by increasing the strength of the 1S0 nn
potential matrix element by roughly 10%. However, this
modification of the nn effective range parameter and/or the
1S0 scattering length causes substantial charge-symmetry
breaking in the nucleon-nucleon force and suggests the
possibility of a weakly bound di-neutron state [3]. We are
conducting new measurements of the cross section for nn QFS
in nd breakup. The measurements are performed at incident
neutron beam energies below 20 MeV. The neutron beam is
produced via the 2H(d, n)3He reaction. The target is a
deuterated plastic cylinder. Our measurements utilize
time-of-flight techniques with a pulsed neutron beam and
detection of the two emitted neutrons in coincidence. A
description of our initial measurements at 10 MeV for a
single scattering angle will be presented along with
preliminary results. Also, plans for measurements at other
energies with broad angular coverage will be
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1051/epjconf/201611304010},
Key = {fds329804}
}
@article{fds322000,
Author = {Howell, CR and Tornow, W and Witała, H},
Title = {Few-Nucleon Research at TUNL: Probing Two- and Three-Nucleon
Interactions with Neutrons},
Journal = {EPJ Web of Conferences},
Volume = {113},
Pages = {04008-04008},
Publisher = {E D P SCIENCES},
Editor = {Elster, C and Phillips, D and Roberts, C},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201611304008},
Abstract = {The central goal of few-nucleon research at the Triangle
Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) is to perform
measurements that contribute to advancing ab-initio
calculations of nuclear structure and reactions. The program
aims include evaluating theoretical treatments of
few-nucleon reaction dynamics through strategically
comparing theory predictions to data, determining properties
of the neutron-neutron interaction that are not accessible
in two-nucleon reactions, and searching for evidence of
longrange features of three-nucleon interactions, e.g., spin
and isospin dependence. This paper will review studies of
three- and four-nucleon systems at TUNL conducted using
unpolarized and polarized neutron beams. Measurements of
neutron-induced reactions performed by groups at TUNL over
the last six years are described in comparison with theory
predictions. The results are discussed in the context of the
program goals stated above. Measurements of vector analyzing
powers for elastic scattering in A=3 and A=4 systems,
differential cross sections for neutron-deuteron elastic
scattering and neutrondeuteron breakup in several
final-state configurations are described. The findings from
these studies and plans for the coming three years are
presented in the context of worldwide activities in this
front, in particular, research presented in this
session.},
Doi = {10.1051/epjconf/201611304008},
Key = {fds322000}
}
@article{fds330178,
Author = {Friesen, FQL and Ahmed, MW and Crowe, BJ and Crowell, AS and Cumberbatch, LC and Fallin, B and Han, Z and Howell, CR and Malone, RM and Markoff, D and Tornow, W and Witała, H},
Title = {Design of an Experiment to Measure ann Using
3 H (γ, pn) n at HIγS},
Journal = {EPJ Web of Conferences},
Volume = {113},
Pages = {08007-08007},
Publisher = {E D P SCIENCES},
Editor = {Elster, C and Phillips, DR and Roberts, CD},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201611308007},
Abstract = {We provide an update on the development of an experiment at
TUNL for determining the 1S0 neutron-neutron (nn) scattering
length (ann) from differential cross-section measurements of
three-body photodisintegration of the triton. The experiment
will be conducted using a linearly polarized gamma-ray beam
at the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIγS) and tritium
gas contained in thin-walled cells. The main components of
the planned experiment are a 230 Ci gas target system, a set
of wire chambers and silicon strip detectors on each side of
the beam axis, and an array of neutron detectors on each
side beyond the silicon detectors. The protons emitted in
the reaction are tracked in the wire chambers and their
energy and position are measured in silicon strip detectors.
The first iteration of the experiment will be simplified,
making use of a collimator system, and silicon detectors to
interrogate the main region of interest near 90° in the
polar angle. Monte-Carlo simulations based on rigorous 3N
calculations have been conducted to validate the sensitivity
of the experimental setup to ann.},
Doi = {10.1051/epjconf/201611308007},
Key = {fds330178}
}
@article{fds329800,
Author = {Krishichayan, and Bhike, M and Finch, SW and Howell, CR and Tonchev,
AP and Tornow, W},
Title = {Photofission cross-section ratio measurement of 235 U/238 U
using monoenergetic photons in the energy range of
9.0–16.6 MeV},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section
A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {854},
Pages = {40-44},
Publisher = {North-Holland},
Year = {2017},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.02.043},
Abstract = {Photofission cross-section ratios of U and U have been
measured using monoenergetic photon beams at the HIγS
facility of TUNL. These measurements have been performed in
small energy steps between 9.0 and 16.6 MeV using a
dual-fission ionization chamber. Measured cross-section
ratios are compared with the previous experimental data as
well as with the recent evaluated nuclear data library ENDF.
235 238},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2017.02.043},
Key = {fds329800}
}
@article{fds329801,
Author = {Carlson, J and Carpenter, MP and Casten, R and Elster, C and Fallon, P and Gade, A and Gross, C and Hagen, G and Hayes, AC and Higinbotham, DW and Howell, CR and Horowitz, CJ and Jones, KL and Kondev, FG and Lapi, S and Macchiavelli, A and McCutchen, EA and Natowitz, J and Nazarewicz, W and Papenbrock, T and Reddy, S and Riley, MA and Savage, MJ and Savard, G and Sherrill, BM and Sobotka, LG and Stoyer, MA and Betty Tsang and M and Vetter, K and Wiedenhoever, I and Wuosmaa, AH and Yennello,
S},
Title = {White paper on nuclear astrophysics and low-energy nuclear
physics, Part 2: Low-energy nuclear physics},
Journal = {Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics},
Volume = {94},
Pages = {68-124},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2016.11.002},
Abstract = {Over the last decade, the Low-Energy Nuclear Physics (LENP)
and Nuclear Astrophysics (NAP) communities have increasingly
organized themselves in order to take a coherent approach to
resolving the challenges they face. As a result, there is a
high level of optimism in view of the unprecedented
opportunities for substantial progress. In preparation of
the 2015 US Nuclear Science Long Range Plan (LRP), the two
American Physical Society Division of Nuclear Physics town
meetings on LENP and NAP were held jointly on August
21–23, 2014, at Texas A&M, College Station, in Texas.
These meetings were co-organized to take advantage of the
strong synergy between the two fields. The present White
Paper attempts to communicate the sense of great
anticipation and enthusiasm that came out of these meetings.
A unanimously endorsed set of joint resolutions condensed
from the individual recommendations of the two town meetings
were agreed upon. The present LENP White Paper discusses the
above and summarizes in detail for each of the sub-fields
within low-energy nuclear physics, the major accomplishments
since the last LRP, the compelling near-term and long-term
scientific opportunities plus the resources needed to
achieve these goals, along with the scientific impact on,
and interdisciplinary connections to, other
fields.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ppnp.2016.11.002},
Key = {fds329801}
}
@article{fds360565,
Author = {Sikora, MH and Ahmed, MW and Banu, A and Bartram, C and Crowe, B and Downie, EJ and Feldman, G and Gao, H and Grießhammer, HW and Hao, H and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kendellen, DP and Kovash, MA and Li, X and Markoff, DM and Mikhailov, S and Popov, V and Pywell, RE and Silano, JA and Spraker, MC and Wallace, P and Weller, HR and Whisnant, CS and Wu, YK and Xiong, W and Yan, X and Zhao, ZW},
Title = {Compton scattering from 4He at 61 MeV},
Journal = {PRC},
Volume = {96},
Number = {5},
Pages = {055209-055209},
Publisher = {American Physical Society},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.055209},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.96.055209},
Key = {fds360565}
}
@article{fds347807,
Author = {Gooden, M and Tonchev, AP and Silano, JA and Tornow, W and Finch, S and Bredeweg, TA and Wilhelmy, JB and Howell, CR and Krishichayan},
Title = {Energy Dependence of Fission Product Yields from 235U, 238U
and 239Pu with Monoenergetic Neutrons between thermal and 14
MeV},
Journal = {Bulletin of the American Physical Society},
Volume = {253},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {American Physical Society},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds347807}
}
@article{fds374209,
Author = {Howell, CR},
Title = {Low-Energy QCD: Few-Nucleon Research at TUNL},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {317},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The main goal of few-nucleon research at the Triangle
Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) is to perform
high-precision measurements that contribute to advancing
ab-initio calculations and testing nucleon-interaction
models. The current focus is on the three-nucleon system,
which has highly developed theory and has sufficient
complexity to exhibit influences of three-nucleon forces.The
few-nucleon measurements performed at the High Intensity
Gamma-ray Source (HIγS) and in the tandem lab provide
complementary information. We have performed the first
exclusive differential cross-section measurements for
photodisintegration of 3He at low energy. The measurements
were carried out at an incident beam energy of 15 MeV. A
difference in the 1S0 neutron-proton scattering length
determined in this reaction from the value established by
two-nucleon scattering data would be potential evidence for
three-nucleon interactions that are not included in current
calculations. The strength of the neutron-neutron (nn) 1S0
interaction is directly evaluated using nn quasi-free
scattering in neutron-deuteron breakup. We are performing
measurements of this process at two incident neutron beam
energies, 10 and 16 MeV, using substantially different
detector setups. The experiment methods and preliminary
results of these experiments will be presented.},
Key = {fds374209}
}
@article{fds374208,
Author = {Ahmed, MW and Gao, H and Howell, CR and Lee, D},
Title = {The 9th International Workshop on Chiral Dynamics
2018},
Journal = {Proceedings of Science},
Volume = {317},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds374208}
}
@article{fds341595,
Author = {Krishichayan, and Finch, SW and Howell, CR and Tonchev, AP and Tornow,
W},
Title = {Monoenergetic photon-induced fission cross-section ratio
measurements for U235 , U238 , and Pu239 from 9.0 to 17.0
MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {98},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.98.014608},
Abstract = {Background: High-accuracy data are needed to advance
microscopic descriptions of the nuclear fission process, to
improve the predictive precision of phenomenological models,
and for applications in nuclear energy and homeland
security. Purpose: The main goal of this work is to provide
high-accuracy cross-section data for photofission of U235,
U238, and Pu239 in the energy range from the fission
threshold to the high-energy tail of the giant dipole
resonance. These new data should contribute significantly to
the reduction of the systematic uncertainty in evaluated
photofission cross-section databases. Method: Cross-section
ratios for photofission of the "big three" actinide nuclei
were measured using a quasimonoenergetic photon beam and
dual-fission chambers. The measurements were performed at
the HIγS facility using a photon beam produced from Compton
backscattering of free-electron laser light. The
dual-fission chamber enabled simultaneous counting of
fission events from two targets. This method allows for
cross-section ratio measurements with very small systematic
errors. The largest source of systematic error in the
determination of the cross-section ratios is the uncertainty
in the ratio of the target thicknesses. Results: We report
photon-induced fission cross-section ratios for
σ[U235(γ,f)/U238(γ,f)], σ[U235(γ,f)/Pu239(γ,f)], and
σ[U238(γ,f)/Pu239(γ,f)] at photon energies from 9.0-17.0
MeV. More than 20 data points were measured for each ratio,
and the systematic uncertainties are less than 2%.
Conclusion: The present photofission cross-section ratio
data sets are compared to ratios computed from previous
measurements, to the corresponding neutron-induced fission
cross-section ratios, and to ratios computed from evaluated
databases. The data obtained in this work for
σ[U235(γ,f)/U238(γ,f)] are consistent with the existing
data, while for σ[U235(γ,f)/Pu239(γ,f)] and
σ[U238(γ,f)/Pu239(γ,f)] the present data are
systematically lower.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevc.98.014608},
Key = {fds341595}
}
@article{fds341594,
Author = {Yates, SA and Fallin, B and Howell, CR and Krishichayan, K and Tornow,
W and Grimes, SM},
Title = {Measurement of the Se 80 (γ,n) reaction with linearly
polarized γ rays},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {98},
Number = {5},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.98.054621},
Abstract = {This paper reports the results of the first measurements of
the differential cross section of the Se80(γ,n)Se79
reaction with a linearly polarized gamma-ray (γ-ray) beam.
The cross section was measured at three incident γ-ray beam
energies: 15.6, 15.8, and 16.0 MeV, with a beam energy
spread of 3.0% full width at half-maximum (FWHM). The
differential cross section for the excitation spectrum in
Se79 was measured at two scattering angles in the plane of
the beam polarization: θ=90 and 135, and at one angle in
the plane perpendicular to the plane of polarization: θ=90.
The total photoneutron cross sections determined from these
data are between 0.8 and 1.3 standard deviations smaller
than previously published results. The excitation spectra
measured in this work were fit with a Hauser-Feshbach model.
Better fits to the data were obtained with a
constant-temperature formulation of the nuclear level
density (NLD) than with a Fermi-gas NLD model. The
parameters for the constant-temperature NLD model obtained
in this work are consistent with those obtained for
medium-mass nuclei in previous studies.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.98.054621},
Key = {fds341594}
}
@article{fds345429,
Author = {Krishichayan, and Bhike, M and Howell, CR and Tonchev, AP and Tornow,
W},
Title = {Fission product yield measurements using monoenergetic
photon beams},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {100},
Number = {1},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.100.014608},
Abstract = {Background: High-accuracy and self-consistent fission
product yield (FPY) data are needed to advance
microscopic/macroscopic descriptions of the nuclear fission
process, to improve the predictive power of phenomenological
models, and for applications in nuclear energy, nuclear
forensics, and homeland security. Purpose: In a
collaboration between the Triangle Universities Nuclear
Laboratory (TUNL), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL),
and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), the
dependence of a number of cumulative FPYs on the incoming
neutron energy has been measured and unexpected energy
dependencies of certain fission products have been reported
[M. E. Gooden, Nucl. Data Sheets 131, 319
(2016)NDTSBA0090-375210.1016/j.nds.2015.12.006]. To
investigate whether this observation is unique to
neutron-induced fission, a program has been initiated to
measure FPYs in photon-induced fission. Method: The
photon-induced FPYs were measured by a combination of
fission counting using a specially designed dual-fission
chamber and γ-ray counting. The measurements were carried
out with a monoenergetic photon beam at the HIγS facility.
Gamma-ray counting of the activated targets was performed
with well-shielded high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors
over a period of two months after irradiation to properly
identify the decay history of fission products. Results: We
report on our photofission product yield measurements on
U235, U238, and Pu239 using a monoenergetic photon beam of
Eγ=13MeV. More than 40 fission products were uniquely
identified, and their yield values were computed. The use of
the fission chamber with post-activation measurements has
provided absolute fission product yield data with minimal
uncertainties. Conclusion: The photon-induced cumulative
fission product yields of U235, U238, and Pu239 are compared
with previous photon- and neutron-induced fission
measurements. In the near future data will be obtained at
lower and higher photon energies.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.100.014608},
Key = {fds345429}
}
@article{fds360564,
Author = {Stoyer, MA and Tonchev, AP and Silano, JA and Gooden, ME and Wilhelmy,
JB and Tornow, W and Howell, CR and Krishichayan, F and Finch,
S},
Title = {Fission Product Yield Measurements from Neutron-Induced
Fission of 235,238 U and 239Pu},
Journal = {EPJ Web of Conferences},
Volume = {232},
Pages = {03006-03006},
Publisher = {EDP Sciences},
Editor = {Mitchell, AJ and Pavetich, S and Koll, D},
Year = {2020},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023203006},
Abstract = {<jats:p>Fission product yields (FPY) are one of the most
fundamental quantities that can be measured for a fissioning
nucleus and are important for basic and applied nuclear
physics. Recent measurements using mono-energetic and pulsed
neutron beams generated using Triangle Universities Nuclear
Laboratory’s tandem accelerator and employing a dual
fission chamber setup have produced self-consistent,
high-precision data critical for testing fission models for
the neutron-induced fission of <jats:sup>235,238</jats:sup>U
and <jats:sup>239</jats:sup>Pu between neutron energies of
0.5 to 15.0 MeV. These data have elucidated a low-energy
dependence of FPY for several fission products using
irradiations of varying lengths and neutron energies. This
paper will discuss new measurements just beginning utilizing
a RApid Belt-driven Irradiated Target Transfer System
(RABITTS) to measure shorterlived fission products and the
time dependence of fission yields, expanding the
measurements from cumulative towards independent fission
yields. The uniqueness of these FPY data and the impact on
the development of fission theory will be
discussed.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1051/epjconf/202023203006},
Key = {fds360564}
}
@article{fds366403,
Author = {Howell, CR and Ahmed, MW and Tornow, W},
Title = {Low-Energy QCD Research at TUNL},
Journal = {Springer Proceedings in Physics},
Volume = {238},
Pages = {409-413},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9783030323561},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32357-8_66},
Abstract = {Experiments are underway at the Triangle Universities
Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) that provide data for evaluating
calculations based on low-energy QCD theories, e.g.,
effective field theory formulations of two-nucleon and
three-nucleon interactions, chiral-perturbation theory, and
Lattice QCD. Few-nucleon reaction measurements are carried
out using the monoenergetic polarized gamma-ray beam at the
High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HI(formula presented)S) and
the neutron beams at the tandem laboratory. Experiments in
nucleon structure are performed at HI(formula presented)S.
In this paper we present the status of recent few-nucleon
experiments that measure the cross sections for
neutron-neutron quasifree scattering in neutron-deuteron
breakup and for photodisintegration of (formula
presented)He.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-32357-8_66},
Key = {fds366403}
}
@article{fds341593,
Author = {Gai, M and Schweitzer, D and Stern, SR and Young, AH and Smith, R and Cwiok, M and Bihalowicz, JS and Czyrkowski, H and Dabrowski, R and Dominik, W and Fijalkowska, A and Janas, Z and Janiak, L and Korgul, A and Matulewicz, T and Mazzocchi, C and Pfützner, M and Zaremba, M and Balabanski, D and Gheorghe, I and Matei, C and Tesileanu, O and Zamfir,
NV and Ahmed, MW and Henshaw, SS and Howell, CR and Mueller, JM and Myers,
LS and Stave, S and Sun, C and Weller, HR and Wu, YK and Breskin, A and Dangendorf, V and Tittelmeier, K and Freer, M},
Title = {Time Projection Chamber (TPC) detectors for nuclear
astrophysics studies with gamma beams},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {954},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.01.006},
Abstract = {Gamma-Beams at the HIγS facility in the USA and anticipated
at the ELI-NP facility, now constructed in Romania, present
unique new opportunities to advance research in nuclear
astrophysics; not the least of which is resolving open
questions in oxygen formation during stellar helium burning
via a precise measurement of the 12C(α,γ) reaction. Time
projection chamber (TPC) detectors operating with low
pressure gas (as an active target) are ideally suited for
such studies. We review the progress of the current research
program and plans for the future at the HIγS facility with
the optical readout TPC (O-TPC) and the development of an
electronic readout TPC for the ELI-NP facility
(ELITPC).},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2019.01.006},
Key = {fds341593}
}
@article{fds347806,
Author = {Friesen, FQL and Howell, CR},
Title = {A functional form for liquid scintillator pulse
shapes},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {955},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.163302},
Abstract = {Digitization of detector signals enables analysis of the
original waveform to extract timing, particle
identification, and energy deposition information. Here we
present the use of analytical functions based on sigmoids to
model and fit such pulse shapes from liquid organic
scintillators, though the method should also be applicable
to other detector systems. Neutron and gamma interactions in
NE213 detectors were digitized from the phototube anode and
fit using a sigmoid-based function. The acuity of the fit in
extracting timing information and performing neutron-gamma
pulse-shape discrimination are presented and
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2019.163302},
Key = {fds347806}
}
@article{fds349337,
Author = {Malone, RC and Crowell, AS and Cumberbatch, LC and Fallin, BA and Friesen, FQL and Howell, CR and Malone, CR and Ticehurst, DR and Tornow,
W and Markoff, DM and Crowe, BJ and Witała, H},
Title = {Neutron-neutron quasifree scattering in neutron-deuteron
breakup at 10 MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {101},
Number = {3},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.034002},
Abstract = {New measurements of the neutron-neutron quasifree scattering
cross section in neutron-deuteron breakup at an incident
neutron energy of 10.0 MeV are reported. The experiment
setup was optimized to evaluate the technique for
determining the integrated beam-target luminosity in
neutron-neutron coincidence cross-section measurements in
neutron-deuteron breakup. The measurements were carried out
with a systematic uncertainty of ±5.6%. Our data are in
agreement with theoretical calculations performed using the
CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential in the Faddeev formalism.
The measured integrated cross section over the quasifree
peak is 20.5±0.5(stat)±1.1(sys)mb/sr2 in comparison with
the theory prediction of 20.1mb/sr2. These results validate
our technique for determining the beam-target luminosity in
neutron-deuteron breakup measurements.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.101.034002},
Key = {fds349337}
}
@article{fds330843,
Author = {Li, X and Ahmed, MW and Banu, A and Bartram, C and Crowe, B and Downie, EJ and Emamian, M and Feldman, G and Gao, H and Godagama, D and Grießhammer,
HW and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kendellen, DP and Kovash, MA and Leung, KKH and Markoff, D and Mikhailov, S and Pywell, RE and Sikora,
MH and Silano, JA and Sosa, RS and Spraker, MC and Swift, G and Wallace, P and Weller, HR and Whisnant, CS and Wu, YK and Zhao, ZW},
Title = {Compton scattering from 4He at the TUNL HIγS
facility},
Journal = {PRC},
Volume = {101},
Number = {3},
Pages = {034618-034618},
Publisher = {American Physical Society},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.034618},
Abstract = {Differential cross sections for elastic Compton scattering
from He4 have been measured with high statistical precision
at the High Intensity γ-ray Source at laboratory scattering
angles of 55°, 90°, and 125° using a quasi-monoenergetic
photon beam with a weighted mean energy value of 81.3 MeV.
The results are compared to previous measurements and
similar fore-aft asymmetry in the angular distribution of
the differential cross sections is observed. This
experimental work is expected to strongly motivate the
development of effective-field-theory calculations of
Compton scattering from He4 to fully interpret the
data.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.101.034618},
Key = {fds330843}
}
@article{fds359470,
Author = {Kading, EE and Aviv, O and Eliyahu, I and Gai, M and Halfon, S and Hass, M and Howell, CR and Kijel, D and Mishnayot, Y and Mukul, I and Perry, A and Shachar, Y and Seiffert, C and Shor, A and Silverman, I and Stern, SR and Stora, T and Ticehurst, DR and Weiss, A and Weissman,
L},
Title = {Tests and calibrations of nuclear track detectors (CR39) for
operation in high neutron flux},
Journal = {Physical Review Research},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.023279},
Abstract = {The neutron beams produced by the Soreq Applied Research
Accelerator Facility (SARAF) operating with the liquid
lithium target (LiLiT) present scientific opportunities in
nuclear astrophysics. Of interest are measurements (in our
setup) of 1.5 to 3.0 MeV alpha-particles and 1.5 MeV
protons, emanating from the interaction of neutrons with
Be7. The deduced cross sections, are important for
understanding the cosmological "Primordial Li7
Problem."However, major experimental challenges arise when
measuring such low-energy charged particles due to the high
flux neutron beams produced by the LiLiT (up to ∼5×1010
n/sec/cm2). We present a study of the operation of CR39
nuclear track detectors (NTD), in such a high neutron flux.
The CR39 plates were energy calibrated with 3.18 MeV
alpha-particles from a Gd148 standard radioactive source,
and by using Rutherford backscattering of 1.5 MeV
alpha-particles as well as 1.5 MeV protons from a thin (100
μg/cm2) gold foil. The plates were etched in a 6.25 N NaOH
solution for 30 minutes at 90∘C to produce micron-sized
circular pits. The alpha (3.18 MeV) and proton (1.5 MeV)
etch efficiencies were measured to be 93.3±6.1% and
8.7±1.3%, respectively. After etching, the plates were
scanned with a fully automated microscope. A segmentation
algorithm that addressed the challenges posed by the intense
neutron beam was developed. A measurement of the interaction
of cold neutrons with CR39 showed that the O17(n,α)C14
reaction inside the CR39 was a major source of background.
Since the tracks were formed inside the CR39, this
background extended up to the full energy deposit of ∼2.1
MeV. This neutron-beam-induced background inside the CR39
plates, observed here for the first time, will most likely
be the limiting factor for observing ∼2 MeV
alpha-particles with CR39, in measurements of small cross
sections (below a few mb) of (n,α) reactions. However, in
measurements of larger cross sections, this O17(n,α)
"background line"can be used as an internal self-calibration
of alpha-particles with energies up to ∼2.1MeV, and thus
allow to correct for piece-to-piece variations in the
energy-to-track size calibration of CR39
plates.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.023279},
Key = {fds359470}
}
@article{fds361306,
Author = {Aprahamian, A and Brune, CR and Famiano, MA and Garcia, A and Howell,
CR and Janssens, RVF and Meisel, Z and Rogers, A and Wiedenhöver, I and Wiescher, M and Yates, SW and Yennello, SJ},
Title = {ARUNA: Advancing Science, Educating Scientists, Delivering
for Society},
Journal = {Nuclear Physics News},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {4-14},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10619127.2021.1988470},
Doi = {10.1080/10619127.2021.1988470},
Key = {fds361306}
}
@article{fds360497,
Author = {Finch, SW and Bhike, M and Howell, CR and Krishichayan, and Tornow, W and Tonchev, AP and Wilhelmy, JB},
Title = {Measurements of Short-Lived Isomers from Photofission as a
Method of Active Interrogation for Special Nuclear
Materials},
Journal = {Physical Review Applied},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.15.034037},
Abstract = {Isomeric fission products, such as 134mTe (T1/2=164 ns) and
136mXe (T1/2=2.95μs), are proposed as a signature of
special nuclear materials in active interrogation
applications. To test this conjecture, monoenergetic 9, 11,
and 13 MeV photons from the HIγS facility are used to
induce fission of 235U, 238U, and 239Pu targets. The
de-excitation γ rays of the isomers are measured using
time-gated spectroscopy with high-purity germanium
detectors. The 134mTe and 136mXe isomers are detected and
identified by the energy and decay half-life of their
characteristic γ-ray transitions. The ratio of yields for
these two signature γ rays, corresponding to
134mTe/(136mXe+136I), is found to be strongly correlated
with the identity of the fissioning nuclei. These results
show that fission-product isomers may be used in active
interrogation to detect and identify special nuclear
materials, even providing information on the isotopic
enrichment. The feasibility of an active interrogation
scenario using a bremsstrahlung beam is discussed.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevApplied.15.034037},
Key = {fds360497}
}
@article{fds360563,
Author = {Springer, R and Ahmed, M and Howell, C and phillips, D and Griesshammer,
H and Wu, Y},
Title = {International Workshop on Next Generation Gamma-Ray
Source},
Journal = {Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Physics},
Volume = {49},
Number = {1},
Pages = {010502},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ac2827},
Abstract = {A workshop on The Next Generation Gamma-Ray Source sponsored
by the Office of Nuclear Physics at the Department of
Energy, was held November 17-19, 2016 in Bethesda, Maryland.
The goals of the workshop were to identify basic and applied
research opportunities at the frontiers of nuclear physics
that would be made possible by the beam capabilities of an
advanced laser Compton beam facility. To anchor the
scientific vision to realistically achievable beam
specifications using proven technologies, the workshop
brought together experts in the fields of electron
accelerators, lasers, and optics to examine the technical
options for achieving the beam specifications required by
the most compelling parts of the proposed research programs.
An international assembly of participants included current
and prospective γ-ray beam users, accelerator and
light-source physicists, and federal agency program
managers. Sessions were organized to foster interactions
between the beam users and facility developers, allowing for
information sharing and mutual feedback between the two
groups. The workshop findings and recommendations are
summarized in this whitepaper.},
Key = {fds360563}
}
@article{fds362606,
Author = {Finch, SW and Gooden, ME and Hagmann, C and Howell, CR and Krishichayan, and Ramirez, APD and Silano, JA and Stoyer, MA and Tonchev, AP and Tornow,
W and Wilhelmy, JB},
Title = {Development of a rapid-transit system for precision nuclear
physics measurements},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section
A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {1025},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2021.166127},
Abstract = {A Rapid Belt-driven Irradiated Target Transfer System, named
RABITTS, was developed for use at the Triangle Universities
Nuclear Laboratory. This system allows for cyclic activation
with neutron or photon beams, and measurement of reaction
products using γ-ray spectroscopy. Both a 1 meter and 10
meter transfer system have been developed with transit times
as low as 0.4 and 1.0 s, respectively. The systems are
deployed at the tandem accelerator laboratory for use with
monoenergetic neutron beams, and at the High-Intensity
γ-ray Source facility for activation using photon beams. A
detailed characterization of the systems’ performance and
sensitivity is presented. In order to produce the highest
accuracy cross-section data, a model for calculating
corrections to cyclic activation with variable beam flux is
developed and presented. We have commissioned these systems
by measuring 197mAu, where we report a measured half-life of
7.73±0.05 s and a 197Au(n,n′)197mAu isomer production
cross of 628±28 mb at neutron energy En=2.0MeV. In
addition, we measured 90mZr, where we report a measured
half-life of 799.7±8.0ms and a 90Zr(n,n′)90mZr isomer
production cross of 180±12 mb at En=4.6MeV. These measured
half-lives are in excellent agreement with the evaluated
values and the cross-section measurements are performed at
previously unmeasured incident neutron energies.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2021.166127},
Key = {fds362606}
}
@article{fds362976,
Author = {Li, X and Ahmed, MW and Banu, A and Bartram, C and Crowe, B and Downie, EJ and Emamian, M and Feldman, G and Gao, H and Godagama, D and Grießhammer,
HW and Howell, CR and Karwowski, HJ and Kendellen, DP and Kovash, MA and Leung, KKH and Markoff, DM and McGovern, JA and Mikhailov, S and Pywell,
RE and Sikora, MH and Silano, JA and Sosa, RS and Spraker, MC and Swift, G and Wallace, P and Weller, HR and Whisnant, CS and Wu, YK and Zhao,
ZW},
Title = {Proton Compton Scattering from Linearly Polarized Gamma
Rays.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {128},
Number = {13},
Pages = {132502},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.128.132502},
Abstract = {Differential cross sections for Compton scattering from the
proton have been measured at scattering angles of 55°,
90°, and 125° in the laboratory frame using
quasimonoenergetic linearly (circularly) polarized photon
beams with a weighted mean energy value of 83.4 MeV
(81.3 MeV). These measurements were performed at the High
Intensity Gamma-Ray Source facility at the Triangle
Universities Nuclear Laboratory. The results are compared to
previous measurements and are interpreted in the chiral
effective field theory framework to extract the
electromagnetic dipole polarizabilities of the proton, which
gives α_{E1}^{p}=13.8±1.2_{stat}±0.1_{BSR}±0.3_{theo},β_{M1}^{p}=0.2∓1.2_{stat}±0.1_{BSR}∓0.3_{theo}
in units of 10^{-4} fm^{3}.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.128.132502},
Key = {fds362976}
}
@article{fds367870,
Author = {Malone, RC and Crowell, AS and Cumberbatch, LC and Fallin, BA and Friesen, FQL and Howell, CR and Malone, CR and Ticehurst, DR and Tornow,
W and Markoff, DM and Crowe, BJ and Witała, H},
Title = {Measurement of the S01 neutron-neutron effective range in
neutron-deuteron breakup},
Journal = {Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics},
Volume = {835},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137557},
Abstract = {We report the most precise determination of the S01
neutron-neutron effective range parameter (rnn) from
neutron-neutron quasifree scattering in neutron-deuteron
breakup. The experiment setup utilized a collimated beam of
15.5 MeV neutrons and an array of eight neutron detectors
positioned at angles sensitive to several quasifree
scattering kinematic configurations. The two neutrons
emitted from the breakup reaction were detected in
coincidence and time-of-flight techniques were used to
determine their energies. The beam-target luminosity was
measured in-situ with the yields from neutron-deuteron
elastic scattering. Rigorous Faddeev-type calculations using
the CD Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential were fit to our
cross-section data to determine the value of rnn. The
analysis was repeated using a semilocal momentum-space
regularized N4LO+ chiral interaction potential. We obtained
values of rnn=2.86±0.01(stat)±0.10(sys) fm and
rnn=2.87±0.01(stat)±0.10(sys) fm using the CD Bonn and
N4LO+ potentials, respectively. Our results are consistent
with charge symmetry and previously reported values of
rnn.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137557},
Key = {fds367870}
}
@article{fds375147,
Author = {D. Dutta et al. (including C.R. Howell)},
Title = {A new direct detection electron scattering experiment to
search for the X17 particle},
Series = {arXiv:2301.08768 [nucl-ex]},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.08768},
Key = {fds375147}
}
@article{fds370226,
Author = {Finch, SW and Krishichayan, and Howell, CR and Tonchev, AP and Tornow,
W and Gooden, ME and Malone, RC and Silano, JA and Ramirez,
APD},
Title = {Erratum: Monoenergetic photon-induced fission cross-section
ratio measurements for U 235, U 238, and Pu 239 from 9.0 to
17.0 MeV (Physical Review C (2018) 98 (014608) DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevC.98.014608)},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {107},
Number = {3},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.107.039906},
Abstract = {Background: High-accuracy data are needed to advance
microscopic descriptions of the nuclear fission process, to
improve the predictive precision of phenomenological models,
and for applications in nuclear energy and homeland
security. Purpose: The main goal of this work is to provide
high-accuracy cross-section data for photofission of 235U,
238U, and 239Pu in the energy range from the fission
threshold to the high-energy tail of the giant dipole
resonance. These new data should contribute significantly to
the reduction of the systematic uncertainty in evaluated
photofission cross-section databases. Method: Cross-section
ratios for photofission of the “big three” actinide
nuclei were measured using a quasimonoenergetic photon beam
and dual-fission chambers. The measurements were performed
at the HIγS facility using a photon beam produced from
Compton backscattering of free-electron laser light. The
dual-fission chamber enabled simultaneous counting of
fission events from two targets. This method allows for
cross-section ratio measurements with very small systematic
errors. The largest source of systematic error in the
determination of the cross-section ratios is the uncertainty
in the ratio of the target thicknesses.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.107.039906},
Key = {fds370226}
}
@article{fds375146,
Author = {P. Achenbach et al. (including C.R. Howell)},
Title = {The Present and Future of QCD},
Series = {arXiv:2303.02579 [hep-ph]},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.02579},
Key = {fds375146}
}
@article{fds375145,
Author = {B. Acharya et al. (including C.R. Howell)},
Title = {Fundamental Symmetries, Neutrons, and Neutrinos (FSNN):
Whitepaper for the 2023 NSAC Long Range Plan},
Publisher = {arXiv:2304.03451 [nucl-ex].},
Year = {2023},
Month = {April},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.03451},
Key = {fds375145}
}
@article{fds371254,
Author = {Ramirez, APD and Silano, JA and Malone, RC and Stoyer, MA and Tonchev,
AP and Gooden, ME and Wilhelmy, JB and Finch, SW and Howell, CR and Krishichayan, and Tornow, W},
Title = {Fission product yields from the U 238 (n,f) reaction at
En=4.6 MeV},
Journal = {Physical Review C},
Volume = {107},
Number = {5},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054608},
Abstract = {We present cumulative fission product yields from the
U238(n,f) reaction at an incident energy of 4.6 MeV for
fission products with half-lives from less than one second
to several hours. We employed direct γ-ray spectroscopy to
measure unseparated fission products with a conventional
neutron activation analysis and a cyclic activation
technique using the RApid Belt-driven Irradiated Target
Transfer System (RABITTS). Yields were determined for 78
isotopes and isomers, covering the mass range 84≤A≤148
and the charge range from 33(As)≤Z≤58(Ce). Our
experimental cumulative yields are compared to the
literature and evaluated data at En≈0.5 MeV from
ENDF/B-VIII.0 and JEFF-3.3 libraries and with theoretical
models using the gef and freya codes at En=4.6
MeV.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054608},
Key = {fds371254}
}
@article{fds372386,
Author = {Haselschwardt, SJ and Lenardo, BG and Daniels, T and Finch, SW and Friesen, FQL and Howell, CR and Malone, CR and Mancil, E and Tornow,
W},
Title = {Observation of Low-Lying Isomeric States in ^{136}Cs: A New
Avenue for Dark Matter and Solar Neutrino Detection in Xenon
Detectors.},
Journal = {Physical review letters},
Volume = {131},
Number = {5},
Pages = {052502},
Year = {2023},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.131.052502},
Abstract = {We report on new measurements establishing the existence of
low-lying isomeric states in ^{136}Cs using γ rays produced
in ^{136}Xe(p,n)^{136}Cs reactions. Two states with
O(100) ns lifetimes are placed in the decay sequence of
the ^{136}Cs levels that are populated in charged-current
interactions of solar neutrinos and fermionic dark matter
with ^{136}Xe. Xenon-based experiments can therefore exploit
a delayed-coincidence tag of these interactions, greatly
suppressing backgrounds to enable spectroscopic studies of
solar neutrinos and dark matter.},
Doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.131.052502},
Key = {fds372386}
}