%% Papers Published
@article{fds246821,
Author = {Buss, E and Pillsbury, HC and Buchman, CA and Pillsbury, CH and Clark,
MS and Haynes, DS and Labadie, RF and Amberg, S and Roland, PS and Kruger,
P and Novak, MA and Wirth, JA and Black, JM and Peters, R and Lake, J and Wackym, PA and Firszt, JB and Wilson, BS and Lawson, DT and Schatzer, R and D'Haese, PSC and Barco, AL},
Title = {Multicenter U.S. bilateral MED-EL cochlear implantation
study: speech perception over the first year of
use.},
Journal = {Ear and Hearing},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {20-32},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0196-0202},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aud.0b013e31815d7467},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Binaural hearing has been shown to support better
speech perception in normal-hearing listeners than can be
achieved with monaural stimulus presentation, particularly
under noisy listening conditions. The purpose of this study
was to evaluate whether bilateral electrical stimulation
could confer similar benefits for cochlear implant
listeners. DESIGN: A total of 26 postlingually deafened
adult patients with short duration of deafness were
implanted at five centers and followed up for 1 yr. Subjects
received MED-EL COMBI 40+ devices bilaterally; in all but
one case, implantation was performed in a single-stage
surgery. Speech perception testing included CNC words in
quiet and CUNY sentences in noise. Target speech was
presented at the midline (0 degrees), and masking noise,
when present, was presented at one of three simulated source
locations along the azimuth (-90, 0, and +90 degrees).
RESULTS: Benefits of bilateral electrical stimulation were
observed under conditions in which the speech and masker
were spatially coincident and conditions in which they were
spatially separated. Both the "head shadow" and "summation"
effects were evident from the outset. Benefits consistent
with "binaural squelch" were not reliably observed until 1
yr after implantation. CONCLUSIONS: These results support a
growing consensus that bilateral implantation provides
functional benefits beyond those of unilateral implantation.
Longitudinal data suggest that some aspects of binaural
processing continue to develop up to 1 yr after
implantation. The squelch effect, often reported as absent
or rare in previous studies of bilateral cochlear
implantation, was present for most subjects at the 1 yr
measurement interval.},
Doi = {10.1097/aud.0b013e31815d7467},
Key = {fds246821}
}
@article{fds246824,
Author = {Wilson, BS and Schatzer, R and Lopez-Poveda, EA and Sun, X and Lawson,
DT and Wolford, RD},
Title = {Two new directions in speech processor design for cochlear
implants},
Journal = {Ear and Hearing},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {73S-81S},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0196-0202},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16082269},
Keywords = {Acoustic Stimulation • Auditory Perception •
Cochlea • Cochlear Implants* • Hearing Loss •
Humans • Models, Theoretical • Prosthesis Design
• Prosthesis Fitting • instrumentation* •
physiology • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {Two new approaches to the design of speech processors for
cochlear implants are described. The first aims to represent
"fine structure" or "fine frequency" information in a way
that it can be perceived and used by patients, and the
second aims to provide a closer mimicking than was
previously possible of the signal processing that occurs in
the normal cochlea.},
Doi = {10.1097/00003446-200508001-00009},
Key = {fds246824}
}
@booklet{Wilson03,
Author = {Wilson, BS and Lawson, DT and Muller, JM and Tyler, RS and Kiefer,
J},
Title = {Cochlear implants: some likely next steps.},
Journal = {Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {207-249},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {1523-9829},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12704085},
Abstract = {The history of cochlear implants is marked by large
improvements in performance, especially over the past two
decades and especially due to the development of ever-better
processing strategies. Although the progress to date has
been substantial, present devices still do not restore
normal speech reception, even for top performers and
particularly for listening to speech in competition with
noise or other talkers. In addition, a wide range of
outcomes persists, with some patients receiving little
benefit using the same devices that support high levels of
speech reception for others. The purpose of this review is
to describe some likely possibilities for further
improvement, including (a) combined electric and acoustic
stimulation of the auditory system for patients with
significant residual hearing, (b) use of bilateral implants,
(c) a closer replication with implants of the processing
steps in the normal cochlea, and (d) applications of
knowledge about factors that are correlated with outcomes to
help patients presently at the low end of the performance
scale.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.bioeng.5.040202.121645},
Key = {Wilson03}
}
@article{fds98968,
Author = {BS Wilson and DT Lawson and JM Muller and RS Tyler and J
Kiefer},
Title = {Cochlear implants: some likely next steps.},
Journal = {Annual review of biomedical engineering, United
States},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {207-49},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {1523-9829},
Keywords = {Acoustic Stimulation • Biomimetics • Cochlear
Implants • Electric Stimulation Therapy •
Equipment Failure Analysis • Hearing Loss • Humans
• Prosthesis Design • Signal Processing,
Computer-Assisted* • Speech Intelligibility •
Speech Perception • Treatment Outcome •
classification* • instrumentation • methods •
methods* • rehabilitation* • trends •
trends*},
Abstract = {The history of cochlear implants is marked by large
improvements in performance, especially over the past two
decades and especially due to the development of ever-better
processing strategies. Although the progress to date has
been substantial, present devices still do not restore
normal speech reception, even for top performers and
particularly for listening to speech in competition with
noise or other talkers. In addition, a wide range of
outcomes persists, with some patients receiving little
benefit using the same devices that support high levels of
speech reception for others. The purpose of this review is
to describe some likely possibilities for further
improvement, including (a) combined electric and acoustic
stimulation of the auditory system for patients with
significant residual hearing, (b) use of bilateral implants,
(c) a closer replication with implants of the processing
steps in the normal cochlea, and (d) applications of
knowledge about factors that are correlated with outcomes to
help patients presently at the low end of the performance
scale.},
Key = {fds98968}
}
@article{fds98955,
Title = {Lawson, J.H., and Anderson, R.W., Rypin Intensive Reviews:
Surgery. Clinical Sciences Review, 18th edition, Lippincott
- Raven, 2000},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds98955}
}
@article{fds98956,
Title = {Lawson, J.H.: The Hematologic System. The Handbook of
Surgical Intensive Care, 5th Edition, Clary, B. and Milano,
C eds. W. B. Saunders, 2000.},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds98956}
}
@article{fds98960,
Title = {Mercer, M.C., and Lawson, J.H.: Fibrin Sealants: An
Innovative Approach to Achieving Hemostasis and Tissue
Sealing in the Surgical Patient. Independent Study Guide. A
Continuing Education Activity Sponsored by Education Design.
2000.},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds98960}
}
@article{fds98961,
Title = {Schoenecker, J.G., Hauck, R.K., Mercer, M.C., Parker, W.,
Lawson, J.H. Exposure of Topical Bovine Thrombin During
Surgery Elicits a Response Against the Xenogeneic
Carbohydrate Galactosea1-3 Galactose, Journal of Clinical
Immunology, 20(6)m 434-444, 2000.},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds98961}
}
@article{fds98962,
Title = {Rusconi, P., Yeh, A., Lyerly, H.K., Lawson, J.H., and
Sullenger B.: Blocking the Initiation of Coagulation by RNA
Aptamars to Factor VIIa. Thrombosis and Heamostasis,
84(5):841-848, 2000.},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds98962}
}
@article{fds98963,
Title = {Lawson, J.H., Cintron, J., Grossman, P.H., Katkhouda, N.,
Levitsky, S., Superina, R.A., Emerging Technologies in
Surgical Wound Management. Surgical Rounds, pp 2-11,
2000},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds98963}
}
@article{fds98964,
Title = {Paulson, E.K., Neal, M.C, Stephenson, R.G., and Lawson,
J.H.: Use of Fibrin Sealant as a Hemostatic Agent after
Liver Biopsy in Swine. Journal of Vascular Interventional
Radiology, V11, No.7, 905-911, 2000.},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds98964}
}
@article{fds98953,
Title = {Stephenson, G.R., Lawson, J.H., and Brody, F.: Laparoscopic
Exposure of the Lumbosacral Spine for Discectomy and Fusion.
Atlas of Laparoscopic Surgery, 2nd Edition, Pappas, T.N.,
Chekan, E.G., and Eubanks, S., eds. Appleton & Lange, 23,
23.2-23.6, 1999.},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds98953}
}
@article{fds98954,
Title = {Jaggers, J., Smith, P.K., Ungerleider, R., Neal, M., and
Lawson, J.H. Infant Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Procoagulant
State. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 68(2): 513-20,
1999.},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds98954}
}
@article{fds98958,
Title = {Lau, C.L., Posther, K., Stephenson, G.R., Lodge, A., Lawson,
J.H., Darling, E.M., Davis, R.D. Jr., Ungerleider, R.M.,
Jaggers, J. Mini-Circuit Cardiopulmonary Bypass With Vacuum
Assisted Venous Drainage: Feasibility of an Asanguineous
Prime in In the Neonate. Perfusion, 14, 389-396,
1999.},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds98958}
}
@article{fds98959,
Title = {Lawson, J.H., and Platt, J.L.: Xenotransplantation:
Prospects for Clinical Application. Dialysis and
Transplantation. Owen, W. and Periera, B., Eds. W.B.
Saunders Co., pp 653-660, 1999. Thal, E.R., Cintron, J.R.,
Kockerling, F., Lange, V.A., Lawson, J.H., Marczell, A.P.,
Waclawiczek, H.W. The Future of Surgical Wound Care for the
Next Millennium. Surgical Rounds, (Supplement) pp 2-7,
1999.},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds98959}
}
@article{fds98969,
Author = {DT Lawson and BS Wilson and M Zerbi and C van den Honert and CC Finley and JC Farmer and JT McElveen and PA Roush},
Title = {Bilateral cochlear implants controlled by a single speech
processor.},
Journal = {The American journal of otology, UNITED STATES},
Volume = {19},
Number = {6},
Pages = {758-61},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0192-9763},
Keywords = {Adult • Cochlear Implants* • Communication Aids
for Disabled* • Deafness • Encephalitis •
Humans • Listeria Infections • Loudness Perception
• Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted* • Sound
Localization • Speech Perception* • Treatment
Outcome • complications • microbiology •
physiopathology* • surgery*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess, in one profoundly
hearing impaired subject, potential benefits and limitations
in placing bilaterally implanted scala tympani electrode
arrays under control of a single speech processor. STUDY
DESIGN: All available stimulation sites in both ears were
compared in studies of pitch discrimination and pitch
ranking, identifying three bilateral pairs capable of
supporting interaural comparisons with no perceptible
difference in pitch. Using those pairs, the subject's
ability to lateralize sound was studied as a function of
interaural time delay and interaural amplitude difference.
Consonant identification scores were obtained for continuous
interleaved sampling processors using various unilateral and
bilateral combinations of electrodes. RESULTS: For
loudness-matched stimuli composed of 50-msec bursts of
80-microsec/phase pulses at 480 pulses/sec, the subject was
able to identify the ear receiving the earlier onset for
interaural delays at least as brief as 150 microsec for all
three matched pairs. For similar simultaneous stimuli, the
subject could identify the ear receiving the louder signal
for the smallest deviations from loudness-matched amplitudes
available from the implanted electronics. The consonant
studies found no evidence that bilateral stimulation per se
degrades speech processor performance, even for arbitrary
divisions of information between the two ears. Additional
contralateral as well as ipsilateral channels were observed
to improve speech processor performance. CONCLUSIONS: The
ability of this subject to lateralize sounds on the basis of
interaural delay or loudness difference, combined with the
consonant identification results, supports further use of
coordinated binaural stimulation to improve cochlear implant
users' ability to understand speech, especially in the
presence of competing speech noise.},
Key = {fds98969}
}
@booklet{Wilson98,
Author = {Wilson, BS and Rebscher, S and Zeng, FG and Shannon, RV and Loeb, GE and Lawson, DT and Zerbi, M},
Title = {Design for an inexpensive but effective cochlear
implant.},
Journal = {Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery},
Volume = {118},
Number = {2},
Pages = {235-241},
Year = {1998},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0194-5998},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9482558},
Abstract = {Widespread application of cochlear implants is limited by
cost, especially in developing countries. In this article we
present a design for a low-cost but effective cochlear
implant system. The system includes a speech processor, four
pairs of transmitting and receiving coils, and an electrode
array with four monopolar electrodes. All implanted
components are passive, reducing to a minimum the complexity
of manufacture and allowing high reliability. A four-channel
continuous interleaved sampling strategy is used for the
speech processor. The processor and transmission link have
been evaluated in tests with a subject previously implanted
with the Ineraid electrode array and percutaneous connector.
A prototype of the link, consisting of four pairs of
transmitting and external receiving coils, was used, with
the outputs of the receiving coils directed to four
intracochlear electrodes through the percutaneous connector.
The subject achieved speech reception scores with the
prototype system that were equivalent to those achieved with
a standard laboratory implementation of a continuous
interleaved sampling processor with current-controlled
stimuli.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0194-5998(98)80022-3},
Key = {Wilson98}
}
@article{fds98975,
Author = {BS Wilson and S Rebscher and FG Zeng and RV Shannon and GE Loeb and DT
Lawson, M Zerbi},
Title = {Design for an inexpensive but effective cochlear
implant.},
Journal = {Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of
American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,
UNITED STATES},
Volume = {118},
Number = {2},
Pages = {235-41},
Year = {1998},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0194-5998},
Keywords = {Cochlear Implantation • Deafness • Equipment
Design • Female • Humans • Male •
Phonetics • Speech Discrimination Tests • Speech
Perception* • Speech Reception Threshold Test •
instrumentation* • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {Widespread application of cochlear implants is limited by
cost, especially in developing countries. In this article we
present a design for a low-cost but effective cochlear
implant system. The system includes a speech processor, four
pairs of transmitting and receiving coils, and an electrode
array with four monopolar electrodes. All implanted
components are passive, reducing to a minimum the complexity
of manufacture and allowing high reliability. A four-channel
continuous interleaved sampling strategy is used for the
speech processor. The processor and transmission link have
been evaluated in tests with a subject previously implanted
with the Ineraid electrode array and percutaneous connector.
A prototype of the link, consisting of four pairs of
transmitting and external receiving coils, was used, with
the outputs of the receiving coils directed to four
intracochlear electrodes through the percutaneous connector.
The subject achieved speech reception scores with the
prototype system that were equivalent to those achieved with
a standard laboratory implementation of a continuous
interleaved sampling processor with current-controlled
stimuli.},
Key = {fds98975}
}
@article{fds98952,
Title = {Kalady, M.F., Lawson, J.H., Sorrell, R.D. and Platt, J.L.
Decreased Fibrinolytic Activity in Porcine-to-Primate
Cardiac Xenotransplantation. Molecular Medicine, 4, 629-637,
1998.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds98952}
}
@article{fds98957,
Title = {Lin, S.S., Weidner, B.C., Byrne, G.W., Diamond, L.E.,
Lawson, J.H., Hoopes, C.W., Daniels, L.J., Daggett, C.W.,
Parker, W., Harland, R.C., Davis, R.D., Bollinger, R.R.,
Logan J.S., Platt, J.L.: The Role of Antibodies in Acute
Vascular Rejection of Pig-to-Baboon Cardiac Transplants.
Journal of Clinical Investigation 101, 1745-1756,
1998.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds98957}
}
@booklet{Lawson98,
Author = {Lawson, DT and Wilson, BS and Zerbi, M and Honert, CVD and Finley, CC and Jr, JCF and Jr, JTM and Roush, PA},
Title = {Bilateral cochlear implants controlled by a single speech
processor},
Journal = {The American journal of otology},
Volume = {19},
Number = {6},
Pages = {758-761},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {0192-9763},
Abstract = {Objective: This study aimed to assess, in one profoundly
hearing impaired subject, potential benefits and limitations
in placing bilaterally implanted scala tympani electrode
arrays under control of a single speech processor. Study
Design: All available stimulation sites in both ears were
compared in studies of pitch discrimination and pitch
ranking, identifying three bilateral pairs capable of
supporting interaural comparisons with no perceptible
difference in pitch. Using those pairs, the subject's
ability to lateralize sound was studied as a function of
interaural time delay and interaural amplitude difference.
Consonant identification scores were obtained for continuous
interleaved sampling processors using various unilateral and
bilateral combinations of electrodes. Results: For loudness-
matched stimuli composed of 50-msec bursts of 80-μsec/phase
pulses at 480 pulses/sec, the subject was able to identify
the ear receiving the earlier onset for interaural delays at
least as brief as 150 μsec for all three matched pairs. For
similar simultaneous stimuli, the subject could identify the
ear receiving the louder signal for the smallest deviations
from loudness-matched amplitudes available from the
implanted electronics. The consonant studies found no
evidence that bilateral stimulation per se degrades speech
processor performance, even for arbitrary divisions of
information between the two ears. Additional contralateral
as well as ipsilateral channels were observed to improve
speech processor performance. Conclusions: The ability of
this subject to lateralize sounds on the basis of interaural
delay or loudness difference, combined with the consonant
identification results, supports further use of coordinated
binaural stimulation to improve cochlear implant users'
ability to understand speech, especially in the presence of
competing speech noise.},
Key = {Lawson98}
}
@article{fds246822,
Author = {Wilson, BS and Finley, CC and Lawson, DT and Zerbi,
M},
Title = {Temporal representations with cochlear implants.},
Journal = {The American journal of otology},
Volume = {18},
Number = {6 Suppl},
Pages = {S30-S34},
Year = {1997},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0192-9763},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9391587},
Keywords = {Cochlear Implantation* • Deafness • Electric
Stimulation • Evoked Potentials, Auditory • Humans
• Time Factors • Vestibulocochlear Nerve •
surgery},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To record and characterize intracochlear evoked
potentials (EPs) for a variety of electrical stimuli in
studies with cochlear implant patients. METHODS: Recordings
were made with patients having direct percutaneous access to
their implanted electrodes. Intracochlear voltages were
recorded via unstimulated electrodes. The stimuli included
trains of identical pulses, with pulse rates ranging from
100 to 4065/s, and a modulated pulse train produced by a
single-channel speech processor, with the pulse rate of
824/s. RESULTS: Magnitudes of EPs for each pulse in trains
of identical pulses were uniform for pulse rates below about
200/s. For rates between about 400 and 1000/s, an
alternating pattern of EP magnitudes was observed, with
relatively large EPs following the odd-numbered pulses. For
rates between about 1000 and 3000/s, more complex patterns
were observed. After the first millisecond of each train at
even higher rates, uniform EPs again were observed across
pulses, although the absolute magnitude of the EPs was much
lower than that observed for low rates of stimulation. The
approximate rates corresponding to boundaries between these
different regions varied among subjects and among electrodes
within subjects. EP magnitudes for the modulated pulse train
reflected the gross periodicity of the modulation waveform
but did not reflect temporal details within the periods.
CONCLUSIONS: Population responses of the human auditory
nerve, as indicated by EP magnitudes, reflect the amplitudes
of electrical pulses for pulse rates below about 200/s and
above about 3000/s. Use of intermediate rates may introduce
distortions in the transmission of stimulus information with
cochlear implants.},
Key = {fds246822}
}
@booklet{Wilson97,
Author = {Wilson, BS and Finley, CC and Lawson, DT and Zerbi,
M},
Title = {Temporal representations with cochlear implants},
Journal = {The American journal of otology},
Volume = {18},
Number = {6},
Pages = {S30-S34},
Year = {1997},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0192-9763},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1997YF21600015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Objective: To record and characterize intracochlear evoked
potentials (EPs) for a variety of electrical stimuli in
studies with cochlear implant patients. Methods: Recordings
were made with patients having direct percutaneous access to
their implanted electrodes. Intracochlear voltages were
recorded via unstimulated electrodes. The stimuli included
trains of identical pulses, with pulse rates ranging from
100 to 4065/s, and a modulated pulse train produced by a
single-channel speech processor, with the pulse rate of
824/s. Results: Magnitudes of EPs for each pulse in trains
of identical pulses were uniform for pulse rates below about
200/s. For rates between about 400 and 1000/s, an
alternating pattern of EP magnitudes was observed, with
relatively large EPs following the odd-numbered pulses. For
rates between about 1000 and 3000/s, more complex patterns
were observed. After the first millisecond of each train at
even higher rates, uniform EPs again were observed across
pulses, although the absolute magnitude of the EPs was much
lower than that observed for low rates of stimulation. The
approximate rates corresponding to boundaries between these
different regions varied among subjects and among electrodes
within subjects. EP magnitudes for the modulated pulse train
reflected the gross periodicity of the modulation waveform
but did not reflect temporal details within the periods.
Conclusions: Population responses of the human auditory
nerve, as indicated by EP magnitudes, reflect the amplitudes
of electrical pulses for pulse rates below about 200/s and
above about 3000/s. Use of intermediate rates may introduce
distortions in the transmission of stimulus information with
cochlear implants.},
Key = {Wilson97}
}
@booklet{Lawson97,
Author = {Lawson, DT and Wilson, BS and Finley, CC and Zerbi, M and Cartee, LA and Roush, PA and Farmer, JC and Tucci, DL},
Title = {Cochlear implant studies at Research Triangle Institute and
Duke University Medical Center.},
Journal = {Scandinavian Audiology, Supplement},
Volume = {46},
Pages = {50-64},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {0107-8593},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9309839},
Abstract = {Examples from several areas of cochlear implant research are
presented, with emphasis on the continuous interleaved
sampling (CIS) approach to speech processor design.
Within-subject comparisons of such processors with the
compressed analog (CA) approach of the clinical Ineraid
device are reviewed, and ongoing similar comparisons with
the clinical Nucleus spectral peak (SPEAK) strategy are
outlined. Correlations between chronic performance levels
with clinical CA processors and initial performance levels
with CIS, data on further improvements in performance with
chronic use of CIS, and instances of substantial benefit
from custom fitting of CIS parameters are presented as
examples of findings with immediate clinical implications.
New studies are described, involving the measurement of
intracochlear evoked potentials in response to cochlear
implant stimulation, and the integration of such work with
computer modeling studies.},
Key = {Lawson97}
}
@article{fds98967,
Author = {DT Lawson and BS Wilson and CC Finley and M Zerbi and LA Cartee and PA
Roush, JC Farmer and DL Tucci},
Title = {Cochlear implant studies at Research Triangle Institute and
Duke University Medical Center.},
Journal = {Scandinavian audiology. Supplementum, DENMARK},
Volume = {46},
Pages = {50-64},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {0107-8593},
Keywords = {Cochlear Implants* • Deafness • Equipment Design
• Evoked Potentials • Female • Humans •
Male • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {Examples from several areas of cochlear implant research are
presented, with emphasis on the continuous interleaved
sampling (CIS) approach to speech processor design.
Within-subject comparisons of such processors with the
compressed analog (CA) approach of the clinical Ineraid
device are reviewed, and ongoing similar comparisons with
the clinical Nucleus spectral peak (SPEAK) strategy are
outlined. Correlations between chronic performance levels
with clinical CA processors and initial performance levels
with CIS, data on further improvements in performance with
chronic use of CIS, and instances of substantial benefit
from custom fitting of CIS parameters are presented as
examples of findings with immediate clinical implications.
New studies are described, involving the measurement of
intracochlear evoked potentials in response to cochlear
implant stimulation, and the integration of such work with
computer modeling studies.},
Key = {fds98967}
}
@booklet{Wilson95,
Author = {Wilson, BS and Lawson, DT and Zerbi, M and Finley, CC and Wolford,
RD},
Title = {New processing strategies in cochlear implantation.},
Journal = {The American journal of otology},
Volume = {16},
Number = {5},
Pages = {669-675},
Year = {1995},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0192-9763},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8588675},
Abstract = {New strategies for representing acoustic information with
multichannel cochlear implants have produced substantial
improvements in speech recognition for implant users. This
report reviews within-subject comparison of a new continuous
interleaved sampling (CIS) strategy with a compressed analog
(CA) strategy used in a standard clinical device. In
general, the comparison show higher levels of open-set
speech recognition with CIS for each of the 11 subjects
studied. Data on the importance of the patients variable in
determining outcomes with cochlear implants are presented. A
brief description of another new strategy, the spectral
maxima sound processor (SMSP) strategy is given as well as
information on the availability of CIS in various implant
systems.},
Key = {Wilson95}
}
@article{fds98976,
Author = {BS Wilson and DT Lawson and M Zerbi and CC Finley and RD
Wolford},
Title = {New processing strategies in cochlear implantation.},
Journal = {The American journal of otology, UNITED STATES},
Volume = {16},
Number = {5},
Pages = {669-75},
Year = {1995},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0192-9763},
Keywords = {Cochlear Implants* • Equipment Design • Humans
• Phonetics • Speech Acoustics* • Speech
Perception* • standards • trends},
Abstract = {New strategies for representing acoustic information with
multichannel cochlear implants have produced substantial
improvements in speech recognition for implant users. This
report reviews within-subject comparison of a new continuous
interleaved sampling (CIS) strategy with a compressed analog
(CA) strategy used in a standard clinical device. In
general, the comparison show higher levels of open-set
speech recognition with CIS for each of the 11 subjects
studied. Data on the importance of the patients variable in
determining outcomes with cochlear implants are presented. A
brief description of another new strategy, the spectral
maxima sound processor (SMSP) strategy is given as well as
information on the availability of CIS in various implant
systems.},
Key = {fds98976}
}
@article{fds246823,
Author = {Wilson, BS and Lawson, DT and Finley, CC and Wolford,
RD},
Title = {Importance of patient and processor variables in determining
outcomes with cochlear implants.},
Journal = {Journal of Speech and Hearing Research},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {373-379},
Year = {1993},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-4685},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8487529},
Keywords = {Acoustic Stimulation • Auditory Pathways • Cochlea
• Cochlear Diseases • Cochlear Implants* •
Equipment Design • Female • Humans • Loudness
Perception • Male • Speech Perception* •
physiopathology* • rehabilitation},
Abstract = {Within-subjects comparisons of processing strategies for
cochlear implants are reviewed. Compressed analog strategies
were compared to interleaved pulses strategies in tests with
one group of 8 subjects, and to continuous interleaved
sampling strategies in tests with another group of 11
subjects. The tests included open-set recognition of words
and sentences. The results show that, while different
strategies may produce quite different outcomes across
subjects, individual performances with one processing
strategy are significantly correlated with those of
alternative strategies. These findings emphasize the
importance of patient variables in determining outcomes
across a variety of prosthesis designs.},
Key = {fds246823}
}
@booklet{Wilson93,
Author = {WILSON, BS and FINLEY, CC and LAWSON, DT and WOLFORD, RD and ZERBI,
M},
Title = {DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF A CONTINUOUS INTERLEAVED SAMPLING
(CIS) PROCESSING STRATEGY FOR MULTICHANNEL COCHLEAR
IMPLANTS},
Journal = {Bulletin of Prosthetics Research},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {110-116},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0007-506X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MD71800010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {Wilson93}
}
@booklet{Lawson93,
Author = {Lawson, DT and Wilson, BS and Finley, CC},
Title = {New processing strategies for multichannel cochlear
prostheses.},
Journal = {Progress in Brain Research},
Volume = {97},
Pages = {313-321},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0079-6123},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8234758},
Abstract = {Various strategies for representing speech information with
multichannel cochlear prostheses were compared in tests with
implant patients. The strategies included the compressed
analog (CA) approach of a standard clinical device, and
alternative interleaved pulses (IP) and continuous
interleaved sampling (CIS) strategies. CA and IP strategies
had been compared in previous studies with a wide range of
subjects. The present studies compared all three types in
tests with one subject and CA and CIS strategies in tests
with six additional subjects. Subjects for the present
studies were selected for their excellent performance with
the clinical CA processor, and the tests included closed-set
identification of consonants and open-set recognition of
words and sentences. For every test, every subject obtained
his or her highest score, or repeated a score of 100%
correct, using a CIS strategy. In the comparisons of all
three approaches, IP processor scores were between those
obtained with CA and CIS processors. The results are
discussed in terms of their implications for processor
design.},
Key = {Lawson93}
}
@article{fds98965,
Author = {DT Lawson and BS Wilson and CC Finley},
Title = {New processing strategies for multichannel cochlear
prostheses.},
Journal = {Progress in brain research, NETHERLANDS},
Volume = {97},
Pages = {313-21},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0079-6123},
Keywords = {Cochlear Implants* • Hearing • Humans •
Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted* • Speech
Perception • physiology*},
Abstract = {Various strategies for representing speech information with
multichannel cochlear prostheses were compared in tests with
implant patients. The strategies included the compressed
analog (CA) approach of a standard clinical device, and
alternative interleaved pulses (IP) and continuous
interleaved sampling (CIS) strategies. CA and IP strategies
had been compared in previous studies with a wide range of
subjects. The present studies compared all three types in
tests with one subject and CA and CIS strategies in tests
with six additional subjects. Subjects for the present
studies were selected for their excellent performance with
the clinical CA processor, and the tests included closed-set
identification of consonants and open-set recognition of
words and sentences. For every test, every subject obtained
his or her highest score, or repeated a score of 100%
correct, using a CIS strategy. In the comparisons of all
three approaches, IP processor scores were between those
obtained with CA and CIS processors. The results are
discussed in terms of their implications for processor
design.},
Key = {fds98965}
}
@article{fds98970,
Author = {BS Wilson and CC Finley and DT Lawson and RD Wolford and M
Zerbi},
Title = {Design and evaluation of a continuous interleaved sampling
(CIS) processing strategy for multichannel cochlear
implants.},
Journal = {Journal of rehabilitation research and development, UNITED
STATES},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {110-6},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0748-7711},
Keywords = {Acoustic Stimulation • Auditory Threshold •
Cochlear Implants* • Humans • Learning •
Practice (Psychology) • Prosthesis Design • Signal
Processing, Computer-Assisted* • Speech Perception
• methods*},
Abstract = {Two approaches for representing speech information with
multichannel cochlear prostheses are being compared in tests
with implant patients. Included in these studies are the
compressed analog (CA) approach of a standard clinical
device and research processors utilizing continuous
interleaved sampling (CIS). Initial studies have been
completed with nine subjects, seven of whom were selected on
the basis of excellent performance with the Ineraid clinical
processor, and the remaining two for their relatively poor
performance with the same device. The tests include open-set
recognition of words and sentences. Every subject has
obtained a higher score--or repeated a score of 100%
correct--on every test when using a CIS processor. These
results are discussed in terms of their implications for
processor design.},
Key = {fds98970}
}
@booklet{Wilson91,
Author = {Wilson, BS and Finley, CC and Lawson, DT and Wolford, RD and Eddington,
DK and Rabinowitz, WM},
Title = {Better speech recognition with cochlear implants.},
Journal = {Nature},
Volume = {352},
Number = {6332},
Pages = {236-238},
Year = {1991},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0028-0836},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1857418},
Abstract = {HIGH levels of speech recognition have been achieved with a
new sound processing strategy for multielectrode cochlear
implants. A cochlear implant system consists of one or more
implanted electrodes for direct electrical activation of the
auditory nerve, an external speech processor that transforms
a microphone input into stimuli for each electrode, and a
transcutaneous (rf-link) or percutaneous (direct) connection
between the processor and the electrodes. We report here the
comparison of the new strategy and a standard clinical
processor. The standard compressed analogue (CA) processor
presented analogue waveforms simultaneously to all
electrodes, whereas the new continuous interleaved sampling
(CIS) strategy presented brief pulses to each electrode in a
nonoverlapping sequence. Seven experienced implant users,
selected for their excellent performance with the CA
processor, participated as subjects. The new strategy
produced large improvements in the scores of speech
reception tests for all subjects. These results have
important implications for the treatment of deafness and for
minimal representations of speech at the auditory
periphery.},
Doi = {10.1038/352236a0},
Key = {Wilson91}
}
@article{fds98966,
Author = {BS Wilson and CC Finley and DT Lawson and RD Wolford and DK Eddington and WM Rabinowitz},
Title = {Better speech recognition with cochlear implants.},
Journal = {Nature, ENGLAND},
Volume = {352},
Number = {6332},
Pages = {236-8},
Year = {1991},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0028-0836},
Keywords = {Cochlear Implants* • Hearing Tests • Humans •
Prosthesis Design • Speech Intelligibility*},
Abstract = {HIGH levels of speech recognition have been achieved with a
new sound processing strategy for multielectrode cochlear
implants. A cochlear implant system consists of one or more
implanted electrodes for direct electrical activation of the
auditory nerve, an external speech processor that transforms
a microphone input into stimuli for each electrode, and a
transcutaneous (rf-link) or percutaneous (direct) connection
between the processor and the electrodes. We report here the
comparison of the new strategy and a standard clinical
processor. The standard compressed analogue (CA) processor
presented analogue waveforms simultaneously to all
electrodes, whereas the new continuous interleaved sampling
(CIS) strategy presented brief pulses to each electrode in a
nonoverlapping sequence. Seven experienced implant users,
selected for their excellent performance with the CA
processor, participated as subjects. The new strategy
produced large improvements in the scores of speech
reception tests for all subjects. These results have
important implications for the treatment of deafness and for
minimal representations of speech at the auditory
periphery.},
Key = {fds98966}
}
@booklet{Wilson91a,
Author = {WILSON, BS and LAWSON, DT and FINLEY, CC and WOLFORD,
RD},
Title = {CODING STRATEGIES FOR MULTICHANNEL COCHLEAR
PROSTHESES},
Journal = {The American journal of otology},
Volume = {12},
Pages = {56-61},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0192-9763},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991FL41600014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {Wilson91a}
}
@article{fds98972,
Author = {BS Wilson and DT Lawson and CC Finley and RD Wolford},
Title = {Coding strategies for multichannel cochlear
prostheses.},
Journal = {The American journal of otology, UNITED STATES},
Volume = {12 Suppl},
Pages = {56-61},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0192-9763},
Keywords = {Adult • Child • Cochlear Implants* • Humans
• Speech Discrimination Tests},
Abstract = {Comparisons of analog and pulsatile coding strategies for
multichannel cochlear prostheses are reviewed. The results
are related to design considerations for pediatric implants,
including efficacy, safety, ease of fitting, and access to
future improvements.},
Key = {fds98972}
}
@booklet{Wilson88a,
Author = {Wilson, BS and Finley, CC and Farmer, JC and Lawson, DT and Weber, BA and Wolford, RD and Kenan, PD and White, MW and Merzenich, MM and Schindler,
RA},
Title = {Comparative studies of speech processing strategies for
cochlear implants.},
Journal = {The Laryngoscope},
Volume = {98},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1069-1077},
Year = {1988},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0023-852X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3172953},
Abstract = {A wide variety of speech processing strategies for
multichannel auditory prostheses were compared in studies of
two patients implanted with the UCSF electrode array. Each
strategy was evaluated using tests of vowel and consonant
confusions, with and without lipreading. Included among the
strategies were the compressed analog processor of the
present UCSF/Storz prosthesis and a group of interleaved
pulses processors in which the amplitudes of nonsimultaneous
pulses code the spectral variations of speech. For these
patients, each with indications of poor nerve survival, test
scores were significantly higher with the interleaved pulses
processors. We believe this superior performance was a
result of 1. the substantial release from channel
interactions provided by nonsimultaneous stimuli and 2. a
fast enough rotation among the channels to support adequate
temporal and spectral resolution of perceived speech
sounds.},
Doi = {10.1288/00005537-198810000-00009},
Key = {Wilson88a}
}
@article{fds98977,
Author = {BS Wilson and CC Finley and JC Farmer and DT Lawson and BA Weber and RD
Wolford, PD Kenan and MW White and MM Merzenich and RA
Schindler},
Title = {Comparative studies of speech processing strategies for
cochlear implants.},
Journal = {The Laryngoscope, UNITED STATES},
Volume = {98},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1069-77},
Year = {1988},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0023-852X},
Keywords = {Cochlear Implants* • Female • Humans • Male
• Middle Aged • Prosthesis Design • Speech
Discrimination Tests},
Abstract = {A wide variety of speech processing strategies for
multichannel auditory prostheses were compared in studies of
two patients implanted with the UCSF electrode array. Each
strategy was evaluated using tests of vowel and consonant
confusions, with and without lipreading. Included among the
strategies were the compressed analog processor of the
present UCSF/Storz prosthesis and a group of interleaved
pulses processors in which the amplitudes of nonsimultaneous
pulses code the spectral variations of speech. For these
patients, each with indications of poor nerve survival, test
scores were significantly higher with the interleaved pulses
processors. We believe this superior performance was a
result of 1. the substantial release from channel
interactions provided by nonsimultaneous stimuli and 2. a
fast enough rotation among the channels to support adequate
temporal and spectral resolution of perceived speech
sounds.},
Key = {fds98977}
}
@booklet{Wilson88,
Author = {WILSON, BS and FINLEY, CC and LAWSON, DT and WOLFORD,
RD},
Title = {SPEECH PROCESSORS FOR COCHLEAR PROSTHESES},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers (IEEE)},
Volume = {76},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1143-1154},
Year = {1988},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0018-9219},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1988Q748800010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1109/5.9660},
Key = {Wilson88}
}
@article{fds325377,
Author = {Wilson, BS and Finley, CC and White, MW and Lawson,
DT},
Title = {COMPARISONS OF PROCESSING STRATEGIES FOR MULTICHANNEL
AUDITORY PROSTHESES.},
Journal = {IEEE/Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual
Conference},
Pages = {1908-1910},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {A wide variety of processing strategies for auditory
prostheses have been compared in studies with two patients
implanted with the UCSF electrode array. Each strategy was
evaluated using tests of vowel and consonant confusions.
Included were the compressed-analog (CA) strategy of the
present UCSF prosthesis and a group of interleaved-pulses
(IP) strategies in which the amplitudes of nonsimultaneous
pulses code the short-time spectra of speech. For these
patients, each with indications of poor nerve survival,
scores were significantly higher with the IP processors. It
is believed that an important contributor to this superior
performance is the substantial release from channel
interactions provided by nonsimultaneous
stimuli.},
Key = {fds325377}
}
@booklet{Pape80,
Author = {PAPE, DR and LAWSON, DT},
Title = {ANALYSIS OF ZERO-SOUND ATTENUATION DATA FOR HE-3-A IN HIGH
MAGNETIC-FIELDS},
Journal = {Bulletin- American Physical Society},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {497-497},
Year = {1980},
ISSN = {0003-0503},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1980JM68800115&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {Pape80}
}
@booklet{Lawson80,
Author = {LAWSON, DT},
Title = {INTERVAL-BASED REPRESENTATIONS OF COMPLEX
TONES},
Journal = {American journal of physics},
Volume = {48},
Number = {8},
Pages = {615-619},
Year = {1980},
ISSN = {0002-9505},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1980KF13600011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1119/1.12330},
Key = {Lawson80}
}
@article{fds324417,
Author = {LAWSON, DT and BOZLER, HM and LEE, DM},
Title = {ANISOTROPY IN SUPERFLUID HE-3 AND ATTENUATION OF ZERO
SOUND},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {34},
Number = {3},
Pages = {121-124},
Year = {1975},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.34.121},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.34.121},
Key = {fds324417}
}
@article{fds324418,
Author = {Lawson, DT and Fairbank, HA},
Title = {Thermal conductivity and isotopic impurities in single
crystals of helium},
Journal = {Journal of Low Temperature Physics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {363-394},
Year = {1973},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00656559},
Abstract = {We have utilized the enhancement of thermal conductivity by
Poiseuille flow of the phonon gas to obtain highly sensitive
measurements of phonon scattering by isotopic impurities in
single crystals of helium. Crystal orientation, size, and
quality may be inferred from the thermal conductivity data
themselves. Our hcp 4 He crystals were grown at a constant
pressure of 85.1 atm using apparatus and techniques that
made possible some control over crystal orientation. An
isotopic impurity concentration of 1.0×10 -5 decreases the
peak conductivity in these crystals by a factor of 1.9 along
a direction perpendicular to the c axis. In the Poiseuille
region a relaxation time limit has been achieved
experimentally that allows our data to be fitted as a
function of temperature and concentration with only one
parameter. The observed scattering strength is a factor of
2.7 greater than can be explained in terms of mass-defect
scattering alone. A number of current theories are examined
in the light of this result. Our pure 4 He data strongly
support a T -3 dependence for the normal-process relaxation
time. Measurements of the thermal conductivity parallel to
the c axis reveal no anisotropy in either the normal-process
relaxation time or the isotopic scattering strength. © 1973
Plenum Publishing Corporation.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00656559},
Key = {fds324418}
}
@article{fds324419,
Author = {Lawson, DT},
Title = {A technique for growing helium crystals in preferred
orientations},
Journal = {Cryogenics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {5},
Pages = {276-281},
Year = {1973},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-2275(73)90204-X},
Abstract = {An apparatus has been developed in which hcp He 4 single
crystals of high quality are grown with a 0.3 probability of
obtaining c-axis orientations of 0 or 90° with respect to
the direction of growth. Methods of influencing the relative
distribution of crystals between these two angles have been
observed and are believed to depend on the anisotropy in the
thermal conductivity of hcp He 4 . A simple computer
simulation of the nucleation process supports our
identification of the orientation angles and our explanation
of the observed orientation preferences. Some possible
applications of similar techniques have been surveyed. ©
1973.},
Doi = {10.1016/0011-2275(73)90204-X},
Key = {fds324419}
}