Publications of Bastiaan Driehuys :chronological combined listing:
%% Papers Published
@article{fds346778,
Author = {Rankine, LJ and Wang, Z and Wang, JM and He, M and McAdams, HP and Mammarappallil, J and Rackley, CR and Driehuys, B and Tighe,
RM},
Title = {129Xenon Gas Exchange Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a
Potential Prognostic Marker for Progression of Idiopathic
Pulmonary Fibrosis.},
Journal = {Annals of the American Thoracic Society},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {121-125},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201905-413RL},
Doi = {10.1513/AnnalsATS.201905-413RL},
Key = {fds346778}
}
@article{fds343485,
Author = {Bier, E and Wang, Z and Swaminathan, A and Nouls, J and He, M and Mammarappallil, J and Luo, S and Driehuys, B and Rajagopal,
S},
Title = {129Xenon MR Imaging and Spectroscopic Signatures to
Differentiate Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension from Other
Heart and Lung Disease},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {199},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds343485}
}
@article{fds268618,
Author = {Cleveland, ZI and Virgincar, RS and Qi, Y and Robertson, SH and Degan,
S and Driehuys, B},
Title = {3D MRI of impaired hyperpolarized 129Xe uptake in a rat
model of pulmonary fibrosis.},
Journal = {Nmr Biomed},
Volume = {27},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1502-1514},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0952-3480},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nbm.3127},
Abstract = {A variety of pulmonary pathologies, in particular
interstitial lung diseases, are characterized by thickening
of the pulmonary blood-gas barrier, and this thickening
results in reduced gas exchange. Such diffusive impairment
is challenging to quantify spatially, because the
distributions of the metabolically relevant gases (CO2 and
O2) cannot be detected directly within the lungs.
Hyperpolarized (HP) (129)Xe is a promising surrogate for
these metabolic gases, because MR spectroscopy and imaging
allow gaseous alveolar (129)Xe to be detected separately
from (129)Xe dissolved in the red blood cells (RBCs) and the
adjacent tissues, which comprise blood plasma and lung
interstitium. Because (129)Xe reaches the RBCs by diffusing
across the same barrier tissues (blood plasma and
interstitium) as O2, barrier thickening will delay (129)Xe
transit and, thus, reduce RBC-specific (129)Xe MR signal.
Here we have exploited these properties to generate 3D, MR
images of (129)Xe uptake by the RBCs in two groups of rats.
In the experimental group, unilateral fibrotic injury was
generated prior to imaging by instilling bleomycin into one
lung. In the control group, a unilateral sham instillation
of saline was performed. Uptake of (129)Xe by the RBCs,
quantified as the fraction of RBC signal relative to total
dissolved (129)Xe signal, was significantly reduced
(P = 0.03) in the injured lungs of bleomycin-treated
animals. In contrast, no significant difference
(P = 0.56) was observed between the saline-treated and
untreated lungs of control animals. Together, these results
indicate that 3D MRI of HP (129)Xe dissolved in the
pulmonary tissues can provide useful biomarkers of impaired
diffusive gas exchange resulting from fibrotic
thickening.},
Doi = {10.1002/nbm.3127},
Key = {fds268618}
}
@article{fds268667,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Walker, J and Pollaro, J and Cofer, GP and Mistry, N and Schwartz, D and Johnson, GA},
Title = {3He MRI in mouse models of asthma.},
Journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Volume = {58},
Number = {5},
Pages = {893-900},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17969115},
Keywords = {Animals • Asthma • Disease Models, Animal* •
Helium • Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Mice •
Mice, Inbred BALB C • Mice, Inbred C57BL •
methods* • pathology*},
Abstract = {In the study of asthma, a vital role is played by mouse
models, because knockout or transgenic methods can be used
to alter disease pathways and identify therapeutic targets
that affect lung function. Assessment of lung function in
rodents by available methods is insensitive because these
techniques lack regional specificity. A more sensitive
method for evaluating lung function in human asthma patients
uses hyperpolarized (HP) (3)He MRI before and after
bronchoconstriction induced by methacholine (MCh). We now
report the ability to perform such (3)He imaging of MCh
response in mice, where voxels must be approximately 3000
times smaller than in humans and (3)He diffusion becomes an
impediment to resolving the airways. We show
three-dimensional (3D) images that reveal airway structure
down to the fifth branching and visualize ventilation at a
resolution of 125 x 125 x 1000 microm(3). Images of
ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice acquired after MCh show both
airway closure and ventilation loss. To also observe the MCh
response in naive mice, we developed a non-slice-selective
2D protocol with 187 x 187 microm(2) resolution that was
fast enough to record the MCh response and recovery with
12-s temporal resolution. The extension of (3)He MRI to
mouse models should make it a valuable translational tool in
asthma research.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.21306},
Key = {fds268667}
}
@article{fds338564,
Author = {He, M and Zha, W and Tan, F and Rankine, L and Fain, S and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {A Comparison of Two Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI Ventilation
Quantification Pipelines: The Effect of Signal to Noise
Ratio.},
Journal = {Acad Radiol},
Volume = {26},
Number = {7},
Pages = {949-959},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2018.08.015},
Abstract = {RATIONALE: Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI enables quantitative
evaluation of regional ventilation. To this end, multiple
classifiers have been proposed to determine ventilation
defect percentage (VDP) as well as other cluster
populations. However, consensus has not yet been reached
regarding which of these methods to deploy for multicenter
clinical trials. Here, we compare two published
classification techniques-linear-binning and adaptive
K-means-to establish their limits of agreement and their
robustness against reduced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
METHODS: A total of 29 subjects (age: 38.4 ± 19.0 years)
were retrospectively identified for inter-method comparison.
For each 129Xe ventilation image, 7 images with reduced SNR
were generated with equal decrements relative to the native
SNR. All 8 sets of images were then analyzed using both
methods independently to classify all lung voxels into four
clusters: VDP, low-, medium-, and high-ventilation-percentage
(LVP, MVP and HVP). For each cluster, the percentage of the
lung it comprised was compared between the two methods, as
well as how these values persisted as SNR was degraded.
RESULTS: The limits of agreement for calculating VDP were
[+0.2%, +4.0%] with a +1.5% bias for binning relative to
K-means. However, the inter-method agreement for the other
clusters was moderate, with biases of -5.7%, 8.1%, and -4.0%
for LVP, MVP, and HVP, respectively. As SNR decreased below
∼4, both methods began reporting values that deviated
substantially from the native image. By requiring VDP to
remain within ≤1.8% of that calculated from the native
image, the minimum tolerable SNR values were 2.4 ± 1.0 for
the linear-binning, and 3.5 ± 1.5 for the K-means.
CONCLUSIONS: Both methods agree well in quantifying VDP, but
agreement for LVP and MVP remains variable. We suggest a
required SNR threshold be two standard deviations above the
minimum value of 3.5 ± 1.5 for robust determination of VDP,
suggesting a minimum SNR of 6.6. However, robust
quantification of the ventilated clusters required an SNR of
13.4.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2018.08.015},
Key = {fds338564}
}
@article{fds268659,
Author = {Nouls, J and Fanarjian, M and Hedlund, L and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {A Constant-Volume Ventilator and Gas Recapture System for
Hyperpolarized Gas MRI of Mouse and Rat Lungs.},
Journal = {Concepts in Magnetic Resonance. Part B, Magnetic Resonance
Engineering},
Volume = {39B},
Number = {2},
Pages = {78-88},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1552-5031},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21625347},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1002/cmr.b.20192},
Key = {fds268659}
}
@article{fds337357,
Author = {Virgincar, RS and Dahlke, J and Robertson, SH and Morand, N and Qi, Y and Degan, S and Driehuys, B and Nouls, JC},
Title = {A portable ventilator with integrated physiologic monitoring
for hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI in rodents.},
Journal = {J Magn Reson},
Volume = {295},
Pages = {63-71},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2018.07.017},
Abstract = {Hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe MRI is emerging as a powerful,
non-invasive method to image lung function and is beginning
to find clinical application across a range of conditions.
As clinical implementation progresses, it becomes important
to translate back to well-defined animal models, where novel
disease signatures can be characterized longitudinally and
validated against histology. To date, preclinical 129Xe MRI
has been limited to only a few sites worldwide with 2D
imaging that is not generally sufficient to fully capture
the heterogeneity of lung disease. To address these
limitations and facilitate broader dissemination, we report
on a compact and portable HP gas ventilator that integrates
all the gas-delivery and physiologic monitoring capabilities
required for high-resolution 3D hyperpolarized 129Xe
imaging. This ventilator is MR- and HP-gas compatible,
driven by inexpensive microcontrollers and open source code,
and allows for precise control of the tidal volume and
breathing cycle in perorally intubated mice and rats. We use
the system to demonstrate data acquisition over multiple
breath-holds, during which lung motion is suspended to
enable high-resolution 3D imaging of gas-phase and
dissolved-phase 129Xe in the lungs. We demonstrate the
portability and versatility of the ventilator by imaging a
mouse model of lung cancer longitudinally at 2 Tesla, and
a healthy rat at 7 Tesla. We also report the detection of
subtle spectroscopic fluctuations in phase with the heart
rate, superimposed onto larger variations stemming from the
respiratory cycle. This ventilator was developed to
facilitate duplication and gain broad adoption to accelerate
preclinical 129Xe MRI research.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmr.2018.07.017},
Key = {fds337357}
}
@article{fds339924,
Author = {Bier, EA and Robertson, SH and Schrank, GM and Rackley, C and Mammarappallil, JG and Rajagopal, S and McAdams, HP and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {A protocol for quantifying cardiogenic oscillations in
dynamic 129 Xe gas exchange spectroscopy: The effects of
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.},
Journal = {Nmr Biomed},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1},
Pages = {e4029},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nbm.4029},
Abstract = {The spectral parameters of hyperpolarized 129 Xe exchanging
between airspaces, interstitial barrier, and red blood cells
(RBCs) are sensitive to pulmonary pathophysiology. This
study sought to evaluate whether the dynamics of 129 Xe
spectroscopy provide additional insight, with particular
focus on quantifying cardiogenic oscillations in the RBC
resonance. 129 Xe spectra were dynamically acquired in eight
healthy volunteers and nine subjects with idiopathic
pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). 129 Xe FIDs were collected every
20 ms (TE = 0.932 ms, 512 points, dwell
time = 32 μs, flip angle ≈ 20°) during a 16 s
breathing maneuver. The FIDs were pre-processed using the
spectral improvement by Fourier thresholding technique
(SIFT) and fit in the time domain to determine the airspace,
interstitial barrier, and RBC spectral parameters. The RBC
and gas resonances were fit to a Lorentzian lineshape, while
the barrier was fit to a Voigt lineshape to account for its
greater structural heterogeneity. For each complex resonance
the amplitude, chemical shift, linewidth(s), and phase were
calculated. The time-averaged spectra confirmed that the RBC
to barrier amplitude ratio (RBC:barrier ratio) and RBC
chemical shift are both reduced in IPF subjects. Their
temporal dynamics showed that all three 129 Xe resonances
are affected by the breathing maneuver. Most notably,
several RBC spectral parameters exhibited prominent
oscillations at the cardiac frequency, and their
peak-to-peak variation differed between IPF subjects and
healthy volunteers. In the IPF cohort, oscillations were
more prominent in the RBC amplitude (16.8 ± 5.2 versus
9.7 ± 2.9%; P = 0.008), chemical shift (0.43 ± 0.33
versus 0.083 ± 0.05 ppm; P < 0.001), and phase
(7.7 ± 5.6 versus 1.4 ± 0.8°; P < 0.001). Dynamic
129 Xe spectroscopy is a simple and sensitive tool that
probes the temporal variability of gas exchange and may
prove useful in discerning the underlying causes of its
impairment.},
Doi = {10.1002/nbm.4029},
Key = {fds339924}
}
@article{fds268674,
Author = {Thomas, AC and Potts, EN and Chen, BT and Slipetz, DM and Foster, WM and Driehuys, B},
Title = {A robust protocol for regional evaluation of methacholine
challenge in mouse models of allergic asthma using
hyperpolarized 3He MRI.},
Journal = {Nmr Biomed},
Volume = {22},
Number = {5},
Pages = {502-515},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1099-1492},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19204996},
Keywords = {Animals • Asthma • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
• Bronchoconstriction • Cell Count • Disease
Models, Animal • Drug Delivery Systems • Heart
Rate • Helium • Imaging, Three-Dimensional •
Infusion Pumps • Lung • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Methacholine Chloride • Mice • Ovalbumin
• Pulmonary Ventilation • Reproducibility of
Results • Time Factors • administration & dosage
• administration & dosage* • chemistry* •
cytology • drug effects • methods* •
pathology • pathology* • pharmacology* •
physiopathology},
Abstract = {Hyperpolarized (HP) (3)He magnetic resonance imaging has
been recently used to produce high-resolution images of
pulmonary ventilation after methacholine (MCh) challenge in
mouse models of allergic inflammation. This capability
presents an opportunity to gain new insights about these
models and to more sensitively evaluate new drug treatments
in the pre-clinical setting. In the current study, we
present our initial experience using two-dimensional (2D),
time-resolved (3)He MRI of MCh challenge-induced airways
hyperreactivity (AHR) to compare ovalbumin-sensitized and
challenged (N = 8) mice to controls (N = 8). Imaging
demonstrated that ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged
animals exhibited many large ventilation defects even prior
to MCh challenge (four out of eight) compared to no defects
in the control animals. Additionally, the
ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged animals experienced a
greater number of ventilation defects (4.5 +/- 0.4)
following MCh infusion than did controls (3.3 +/- 0.6).
However, due to variability in MCh delivery that was
specific to the small animal MRI environment, the difference
in mean defect number was not statistically significant.
These findings are reviewed in detail and a comprehensive
solution to the variability problem is presented that has
greatly enhanced the magnitude and reproducibility of the
MCh response. This has permitted us to develop a new imaging
protocol consisting of a baseline 3D image, a time-resolved
2D series during MCh challenge, and a post-MCh 3D image that
reveals persistent ventilation defects.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/nbm.1362},
Key = {fds268674}
}
@article{fds268675,
Author = {Spector, ZZ and Emami, K and Fischer, MC and Zhu, J and Ishii, M and Yu, J and Kadlecek, S and Driehuys, B and Panettieri, RA and Lipson, DA and Gefter, W and Shrager, J and Rizi, RR},
Title = {A small animal model of regional alveolar ventilation using
HP 3He MRI1.},
Journal = {Academic Radiology},
Volume = {11},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1171-1179},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1076-6332},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15530811},
Keywords = {Animals • Helium • Isotopes • Magnetic
Resonance Imaging • Male • Models, Animal •
Pulmonary Alveoli • Pulmonary Ventilation • Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley • anatomy & histology*
• diagnostic use • diagnostic use* • methods*
• physiology},
Abstract = {RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to
establish a standardized procedure for the measurement of
regional fractional ventilation in a healthy rat model as a
baseline for further studies of pulmonary disorder models.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The lungs of five healthy male
Sprague-Dawley rats were imaged using hyperpolarized
helium-3 magnetic resonance imaging. From these images,
regional fractional ventilation was calculated and maps
generated detailing the distribution of fractional
ventilation in the lung. The 1.56 mm x 1.56 mm x 4 mm
regions of interest were assigned on 5 cm x 5 cm field of
view lung maps. Histograms were also generated showing the
frequency distribution of fractional ventilation values. To
compare fractional ventilation values between animals, the
ventilation procedure was standardized to results from
individual pulmonary function tests. Each animal's
spontaneous tidal volume, respiratory rate, and inspiration
percentage (percent of total respiratory cycle in
inspiration) were used in their mechanical ventilation
settings. RESULTS: Results were similar among all five
healthy rats based on examination of ventilation
distribution maps and frequency distribution histograms.
Mean (0.13) and standard deviation (0.07) were calculated
for fractional ventilation in each animal. However, these
values were determined to be influenced by slice selection,
and therefore the maps and histograms were favored in
analysis of results. CONCLUSION: This study shows consistent
results in healthy rat lungs and will serve as a baseline
study for future measurements in emphysematous rat
lungs.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2004.08.001},
Key = {fds268675}
}
@article{fds344456,
Author = {Bier, EA and Nouls, JC and Wang, Z and He, M and Schrank, G and Morales-Medina, N and Hashoian, R and Svetlik, H and Mugler, JP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {A thermally polarized 129 Xe phantom for quality assurance
in multi-center hyperpolarized gas MRI studies.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {82},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1961-1968},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.27836},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Hyperpolarized 129 Xe MR is increasingly being
adopted worldwide, but no standards exist for assessing or
comparing performance at different 129 Xe imaging centers.
Therefore, we sought to develop a thermally polarized xenon
phantom assembly, approximating the size of a human torso,
along with an associated imaging protocol to enable rapid
quality-assurance imaging. METHODS: MR-compatible pressure
vessels, with an internal volume of 5.85 L, were constructed
from pressure-rated, engineering grade PE4710 high-density
polyethylene. They were filled with a mixture of 61% natural
xenon and 39% oxygen to approximately 11.6 bar and placed in
a loader shell filled with a 0.56% saline solution to mimic
the human chest. Imaging employed a 2D spoiled gradient-echo
sequence using non-slice-selective excitation (TR/TE =
750/6.13 ms, flip angle = 74°, FOV = 40 × 440 mm, matrix =
64 × 32, bandwidth = 30 Hz/pixel, averages = 4), resulting
in a 1.6 min acquisition. System characterization and
imaging were performed at 8 different MRI centers. RESULTS:
At 3 Telsa, 129 Xe in the pressure vessels was characterized
by T1 = 580.5 ± 8.3 ms, linewidth = 0.21 ppm, and chemical
shift = +10.2 ppm. The phantom assembly was used to obtain
transmit voltage calibrations and 2D and 3D images across
multiple coil and scanner configurations at 8 sites. Across
the 5 sites that employed a standard flexible chest coil,
the SNR was 12.4 ± 1.8. CONCLUSION: The high-density
polyethylene pressure vessels filled with thermally
polarized xenon and associated loader shell combine to form
a phantom assembly that enables spectroscopic and imaging
acquisitions that can be used for testing, quality
assurance, and performance tracking-capabilities essential
for standardizing hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI within and
across institutions.},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.27836},
Key = {fds344456}
}
@article{fds315945,
Author = {Dahhan, T and Kaushik, SS and He, M and Mammarappallil, JG and Tapson,
VF and McAdams, HP and Sporn, TA and Driehuys, B and Rajagopal,
S},
Title = {Abnormalities in hyperpolarized (129)Xe magnetic resonance
imaging and spectroscopy in two patients with pulmonary
vascular disease.},
Journal = {Pulmonary Circulation},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {126-131},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {2045-8932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/685110},
Abstract = {The diagnosis of pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) is usually
based on hemodynamic and/or clinical criteria. Noninvasive
imaging of the heart and proximal vasculature can also
provide useful information. An alternate approach to such
criteria in the diagnosis of PVD is to image the vascular
abnormalities in the lungs themselves. Hyperpolarized (HP)
(129)Xe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a novel
technique for assessing abnormalities in ventilation and gas
exchange in the lungs. We applied this technique to two
patients for whom there was clinical suspicion of PVD. Two
patients who had significant hypoxemia and dyspnea with no
significant abnormalities on computed tomography imaging or
ventilation-perfusion scan and only mild or borderline
pulmonary arterial hypertension at catheterization were
evaluated. They underwent HP (129)Xe imaging and
subsequently had tissue diagnosis obtained from lung
pathology. In both patients, HP (129)Xe imaging demonstrated
normal ventilation but markedly decreased gas transfer to
red blood cells with focal defects on imaging, a pattern
distinct from those previously described for idiopathic
pulmonary fibrosis or obstructive lung disease. Pathology on
both patients later demonstrated severe PVD. These findings
suggest that HP (129)Xe MRI may be useful in the diagnosis
of PVD and monitoring response to therapy. Further studies
are required to determine its sensitivity and specificity in
these settings.},
Doi = {10.1086/685110},
Key = {fds315945}
}
@article{fds268687,
Author = {Brown, RH and Irvin, CG and Allen, GB and Shapiro, SD and Martin, WJ and Kolb, MRJ and Hyde, DM and Nieman, GF and Cody, DD and Ishii, M and Kadlecek, SJ and Driehuys, B and Rizi, RR and Wu, AM and Weber, WA and Stout, DB and ATS Small Animal Imaging Subcommittee},
Title = {An official ATS conference proceedings: advances in
small-animal imaging application to lung
pathophysiology.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society},
Volume = {5},
Number = {5},
Pages = {591-600},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1546-3222},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18625751},
Keywords = {Animals • Congresses as Topic* • Diagnostic
Imaging • Disease Models, Animal • Lung Diseases
• Reproducibility of Results • Respiration* •
diagnosis* • methods* • physiopathology*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1513/pats.200708-116ST},
Key = {fds268687}
}
@article{fds343484,
Author = {Nouls, JC and Virgincar, RS and Culbert, AG and Morand, N and Bobbert,
DW and Yoder, AD and Schopler, RS and Bashir, MR and Badea, A and Hochgeschwender, U and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Applications of 3D printing in small animal magnetic
resonance imaging.},
Journal = {Journal of Medical Imaging (Bellingham, Wash.)},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {021605},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.6.2.021605},
Abstract = {Three-dimensional (3D) printing has significantly impacted
the quality, efficiency, and reproducibility of preclinical
magnetic resonance imaging. It has vastly expanded the
ability to produce MR-compatible parts that readily permit
customization of animal handling, achieve consistent
positioning of anatomy and RF coils promptly, and accelerate
throughput. It permits the rapid and cost-effective creation
of parts customized to a specific imaging study, animal
species, animal weight, or even one unique animal, not
routinely used in preclinical research. We illustrate the
power of this technology by describing five preclinical
studies and specific solutions enabled by different 3D
printing processes and materials. We describe fixtures,
assemblies, and devices that were created to ensure the
safety of anesthetized lemurs during an MR examination of
their brain or to facilitate localized, contrast-enhanced
measurements of white blood cell concentration in a mouse
model of pancreatitis. We illustrate expansive use of 3D
printing to build a customized birdcage coil and components
of a ventilator to enable imaging of pulmonary gas exchange
in rats using hyperpolarized Xe 129 . Finally, we present
applications of 3D printing to create high-quality, dual RF
coils to accelerate brain connectivity mapping in mouse
brain specimens and to increase the throughput of brain
tumor examinations in a mouse model of pituitary
adenoma.},
Doi = {10.1117/1.JMI.6.2.021605},
Key = {fds343484}
}
@article{fds333599,
Author = {Rankine, L and Wang, Z and Driehuys, B and Marks, LB and Kelsey, C and Das,
S},
Title = {BEST IN PHYSICS (JOINT IMAGING-THERAPY): Functional-Guidance
for Lung Radiation Therapy Planning: Does Ventilation
Imaging Correlate with Gas Exchange?},
Journal = {Medical Physics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3281-3282},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds333599}
}
@article{fds363250,
Author = {Lu, J and Wang, Z and Bier, E and Leewiwatwong, S and Mummy, D and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Bias field correction in hyperpolarized 129 Xe ventilation
MRI using templates derived by RF-depolarization
mapping.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {88},
Number = {2},
Pages = {802-816},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.29254},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To correct for RF inhomogeneity for in vivo 129 Xe
ventilation MRI using flip-angle mapping enabled by
randomized 3D radial acquisitions. To extend this
RF-depolarization mapping approach to create a flip-angle
map template applicable to arbitrary acquisition strategies,
and to compare these approaches to conventional bias field
correction. METHODS: RF-depolarization mapping was evaluated
first in digital simulations and then in 51 subjects who had
undergone radial 129 Xe ventilation MRI in the supine
position at 3T (views = 3600; samples/view = 128;
TR/TE = 4.5/0.45 ms; flip angle = 1.5;
FOV = 40 cm). The images were corrected using newly
developed RF-depolarization and templated-based methods and
the resulting quantitative ventilation metrics (mean,
coefficient of variation, and gradient) were compared to
those resulting from N4ITK correction. RESULTS:
RF-depolarization and template-based mapping methods yielded
a pattern of RF-inhomogeneity consistent with the expected
variation based on coil architecture. The resulting
corrected images were visually similar, but meaningfully
distinct from those generated using standard N4ITK
correction. The N4ITK algorithm eliminated the
physiologically expected anterior-posterior gradient
(-0.04 ± 1.56%/cm, P < 0.001). These 2 newly
introduced methods of RF-depolarization and template
correction retained the physiologically expected
anterior-posterior ventilation gradient in healthy subjects
(2.77 ± 2.09%/cm and 2.01 ± 2.73%/cm,
respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Randomized 3D 129 Xe MRI
ventilation acquisitions can inherently be corrected for
bias field, and this technique can be extended to create
flip angle templates capable of correcting images from a
given coil regardless of acquisition strategy. These methods
may be more favorable than the de facto standard N4ITK
because they can remove undesirable heterogeneity caused by
RF effects while retaining results from known
physiology.},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.29254},
Key = {fds363250}
}
@article{fds268665,
Author = {Albert, MS and Cates, GD and Driehuys, B and Happer, W and Saam, B and Springer, CS and Wishnia, A},
Title = {Biological magnetic resonance imaging using laser-polarized
129Xe.},
Journal = {Nature},
Volume = {370},
Number = {6486},
Pages = {199-201},
Year = {1994},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0028-0836},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8028666},
Keywords = {Animals • Lasers • Lung • Magnetic Resonance
Imaging • Mice • Water • Xenon Isotopes*
• anatomy & histology • methods*},
Abstract = {As currently implemented, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
relies on the protons of water molecules in tissue to
provide the NMR signal. Protons are, however, notoriously
difficult to image in some biological environments of
interest, notably the lungs and lipid bilayer membranes such
as those in the brain. Here we show that 129Xe gas can be
used for high-resolution MRI when the nuclear-spin
polarization of the atoms is increased by laser optical
pumping and spin exchange. This process produces
hyperpolarized 129Xe, in which the magnetization is enhanced
by a factor of about 10(5). By introducing hyperpolarized
129Xe into mouse lungs we have obtained images of the lung
gas space with a speed and a resolution better than those
available from proton MRI or emission tomography. As xenon
(a safe general anaesthetic) is rapidly and safely
transferred from the lungs to blood and thence to other
tissues, where it is concentrated in lipid and protein
components, images of the circulatory system, the brain and
other vital organs can also be obtained. Because the
magnetic behaviour of 129Xe is very sensitive to its
environment, and is different from that of 1H2O, MRI using
hyperpolarized 129Xe should involve distinct and sensitive
mechanisms for tissue contrast.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1038/370199a0},
Key = {fds268665}
}
@article{fds268686,
Author = {Månsson, S and Wolber, J and Driehuys, B and Wollmer, P and Golman,
K},
Title = {Characterization of diffusing capacity and perfusion of the
rat lung in a lipopolysaccaride disease model using
hyperpolarized 129Xe.},
Journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Volume = {50},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1170-1179},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14648564},
Keywords = {Animals • Capillary Permeability •
Lipopolysaccharides • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy*
• Male • Pulmonary Alveoli • Pulmonary
Circulation* • Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity* •
Rats • Rats, Wistar • Respiratory Distress
Syndrome, Adult • Xenon Isotopes • chemically
induced • diagnosis • diagnostic use* •
physiopathology • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {The ability to quantify pulmonary diffusing capacity and
perfusion using dynamic hyperpolarized (129)Xe NMR
spectroscopy is demonstrated. A model of alveolar gas
exchange was developed, which, in conjunction with (129)Xe
NMR, enables quantification of average alveolar wall
thickness, pulmonary perfusion, capillary diffusion length,
and mean transit time. The technique was employed to compare
a group of naïve rats (n = 10) with a group of rats with
acute inflammatory lung injury (n = 10), caused by
instillation of lipopolysaccaride (LPS). The measured
structural and perfusion-related parameters were in
agreement with reported values from studies using non-NMR
methods. Significant differences between the groups were
found in total diffusion length (control 8.5 +/- 0.5 microm,
LPS 9.9 +/- 0.6 microm, P < 0.001), in capillary diffusion
length (control 2.9 +/- 0.4 microm, LPS 3.9 +/- 1.0 microm,
P < 0.05), and in pulmonary hematocrit (control 0.55 +/-
0.06, LPS 0.43 +/- 0.08, P < 0.01), whereas no differences
were observed in alveolar wall thickness, pulmonary
perfusion, and mean transit time. These results demonstrate
the ability of the method to distinguish two main aspects of
lung function, namely, diffusing capacity and pulmonary
perfusion.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.10649},
Key = {fds268686}
}
@article{fds268616,
Author = {Freeman, MS and Emami, K and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Characterizing and modeling the efficiency limits in
large-scale production of hyperpolarized
129Xe.},
Journal = {Physical Review A},
Volume = {90},
Number = {2},
Pages = {023406},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1050-2947},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.90.023406},
Abstract = {The ability to produce liter volumes of highly
spin-polarized 129Xe enables a wide range of investigations,
most notably in the fields of materials science and
biomedical MRI. However, for nearly all polarizers built to
date, both peak 129Xe polarization and the rate at which it
is produced fall far below those predicted by the standard
model of Rb metal vapor, spin-exchange optical pumping
(SEOP). In this work, we comprehensively characterized a
high-volume, flow-through 129Xe polarizer using three
different SEOP cells with internal volumes of 100, 200 and
300 cc and two types of optical sources: a broad-spectrum
111-W laser (FWHM = 1.92 nm) and a line-narrowed 71-W laser
(FWHM = 0.39 nm). By measuring 129Xe polarization as a
function of gas flow rate, we extracted peak polarization
and polarization production rate across a wide range of
laser absorption levels. Peak polarization for all cells
consistently remained a factor of 2-3 times lower than
predicted at all absorption levels. Moreover, although
production rates increased with laser absorption, they did
so much more slowly than predicted by the standard
theoretical model and basic spin exchange efficiency
arguments. Underperformance was most notable in the smallest
optical cells. We propose that all these systematic
deviations from theory can be explained by invoking the
presence of paramagnetic Rb clusters within the vapor.
Cluster formation within saturated alkali vapors is well
established and their interaction with resonant laser light
was recently shown to create plasma-like conditions. Such
cluster systems cause both Rb and 129Xe depolarization, as
well as excess photon scattering. These effects were
incorporated into the SEOP model by assuming that clusters
are activated in proportion to excited-state Rb number
density and by further estimating physically reasonable
values for the nanocluster-induced, velocity-averaged
spin-destruction cross-section for Rb (<σcluster-Rbv>
≈4×10-7 cm3s-1), 129Xe relaxation cross-section
(<σcluster-Xev> ≈ 4×10-13 cm3s-1), and a
non-wavelength-specific, photon-scattering cross-section
(σcluster ≈ 1×10-12 cm2). The resulting modified SEOP
model now closely matches experimental observations.},
Doi = {10.1103/physreva.90.023406},
Key = {fds268616}
}
@article{fds323788,
Author = {He, M and Robertson, SH and Wang, JM and Que, LG and Mahmood, K and Driehuys, B and Huang, Y-C},
Title = {Characterizing The Ventilation Distribution In Healthy
Normal Subjects To Establish Robust Quantitative Analysis Of
129xe Mri},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {193},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds323788}
}
@article{fds268654,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Martinez-Jimenez, S and Cleveland, ZI and Metz, GM and Beaver, DM and Nouls, JC and Kaushik, SS and Firszt, R and Willis, C and Kelly, KT and Wolber, J and Kraft, M and McAdams,
HP},
Title = {Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: safety and
tolerability of hyperpolarized 129Xe MR imaging in healthy
volunteers and patients.},
Journal = {Radiology},
Volume = {262},
Number = {1},
Pages = {279-289},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1527-1315},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22056683},
Keywords = {Adult • Analysis of Variance • Case-Control
Studies • Chi-Square Distribution •
Electrocardiography • Female • Humans •
Logistic Models • Magnetic Resonance Imaging •
Male • Middle Aged • Prospective Studies •
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive • Xenon Isotopes
• diagnosis* • diagnostic use •
methods*},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of inhaling
multiple 1-L volumes of undiluted hyperpolarized xenon 129
((129)Xe) followed by up to a 16-second breath hold and
magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This
study was approved by the institutional review board and was
HIPAA compliant. Written informed consent was obtained.
Forty-four subjects (19 men, 25 women; mean age, 46.1 years
± 18.8 [standard deviation]) were enrolled, consisting of
24 healthy volunteers, 10 patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD), and 10 age-matched control
subjects. All subjects received three or four 1-L volumes of
undiluted hyperpolarized (129)Xe, followed by breath-hold MR
imaging. Oxygen saturation, heart rate and rhythm, and blood
pressure were continuously monitored. These parameters,
along with respiratory rate and subjective symptoms, were
assessed after each dose. Subjects' serum biochemistry and
hematology were recorded at screening and at 24-hour
follow-up. A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) was obtained at
these times and also within 2 hours prior to and 1 hour
after (129)Xe MR imaging. Xenon-related symptoms were
evaluated for relationship to subject group by using a χ(2)
test and to subject age by using logistic regression.
Changes in vital signs were tested for significance across
subject group and time by using a repeated-measures
multivariate analysis of variance test. RESULTS: The 44
subjects tolerated all xenon inhalations, no subjects
withdrew, and no serious adverse events occurred. No
significant changes in vital signs (P > .27) were observed,
and no subjects exhibited changes in laboratory test or ECG
results at follow-up that were deemed clinically important
or required intervention. Most subjects (91%) did experience
transient xenon-related symptoms, most commonly dizziness
(59%), paresthesia (34%), euphoria (30%), and hypoesthesia
(30%). All symptoms resolved without clinical intervention
in 1.6 minutes ± 0.9. CONCLUSION: Inhalation of
hyperpolarized (129)Xe is well tolerated in healthy subjects
and in those with mild or moderate COPD. Subjects do
experience mild, transient, xenon-related symptoms,
consistent with its known anesthetic properties.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1148/radiol.11102172},
Key = {fds268654}
}
@article{fds326797,
Author = {He, M and Zha, W and Fain, SB and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Comparing Quantitative 129xe Ventilation Analysis Pipelines
Between Mri Centers},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {195},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds326797}
}
@article{fds345037,
Author = {Fenoli, J and Rankine, L and Driehuys, B and Das,
S},
Title = {Comparison of 129Xe-MR Ventilation and 4DCT Ventilation
Computed From the Deformation Vector Field},
Journal = {Medical Physics},
Volume = {46},
Number = {6},
Pages = {E246-E246},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds345037}
}
@article{fds268664,
Author = {Stith, A and Hitchens, TK and Hinton, DP and Berr, SS and Driehuys, B and Brookeman, JR and Bryant, RG},
Title = {Consequences of (129)Xe-(1)H cross relaxation in aqueous
solutions.},
Journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. :
1997)},
Volume = {139},
Number = {2},
Pages = {225-231},
Year = {1999},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1090-7807},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10423359},
Keywords = {Apoproteins • Cyclodextrins • Magnetic Resonance
Spectroscopy* • Myoglobin • Protons •
Solutions • Tyrosine • Water • Xenon Isotopes
• analysis* • chemistry •
methods},
Abstract = {We have investigated the transfer of polarization from
(129)Xe to solute protons in aqueous solutions to determine
the feasibility of using hyperpolarized xenon to enhance
(1)H sensitivity in aqueous systems at or near room
temperatures. Several solutes, each of different molecular
weight, were dissolved in deuterium oxide and although large
xenon polarizations were created, no significant proton
signal enhancement was detected in l-tyrosine,
alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, apomyoglobin, or
myoglobin. Solute-induced enhancement of the (129)Xe
spin-lattice relaxation rate was observed and depended on
the size and structure of the solute molecule. The
significant increase of the apparent spin-lattice relaxation
rate of the solution phase (129)Xe by alpha-cyclodextrin and
apomyoglobin indicates efficient cross relaxation. The slow
relaxation of xenon in beta-cyclodextrin and l-tyrosine
indicates weak coupling and inefficient cross relaxation.
Despite the apparent cross-relaxation effects, all attempts
to detect the proton enhancement directly were unsuccessful.
Spin-lattice relaxation rates were also measured for
Boltzmann (129)Xe in myoglobin. The cross-relaxation rates
were determined from changes in (129)Xe relaxation rates in
the alpha-cyclodextrin and myoglobin solutions. These
cross-relaxation rates were then used to model (1)H signal
gains for a range of (129)Xe to (1)H spin population ratios.
These models suggest that in spite of very large (129)Xe
polarizations, the (1)H gains will be less than 10% and
often substantially smaller. In particular, dramatic (1)H
signal enhancements in lung tissue signals are
unlikely.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1006/jmre.1999.1781},
Key = {fds268664}
}
@article{fds268685,
Author = {Cleveland, ZI and Möller, HE and Hedlund, LW and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Continuously infusing hyperpolarized 129Xe into flowing
aqueous solutions using hydrophobic gas exchange
membranes.},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry B},
Volume = {113},
Number = {37},
Pages = {12489-12499},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1520-6106},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19702286},
Keywords = {Animals • Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Magnetic Resonance
Spectroscopy • Magnetics • Male • Membranes,
Artificial* • Rats • Solutions • Time Factors
• Water • Xenon • blood •
chemistry*},
Abstract = {Hyperpolarized (HP) (129)Xe yields high signal intensities
in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and, through its large
chemical shift range of approximately 300 ppm, provides
detailed information about the local chemical environment.
To exploit these properties in aqueous solutions and living
tissues requires the development of methods for efficiently
dissolving HP (129)Xe over an extended time period. To this
end, we have used commercially available gas exchange
modules to continuously infuse concentrated HP (129)Xe into
flowing liquids, including rat whole blood, for periods as
long as one hour and have demonstrated the feasibility of
dissolved-phase MR imaging with submillimeter resolution
within minutes. These modules, which exchange gases using
hydrophobic microporous polymer membranes, are compatible
with a variety of liquids and are suitable for infusing HP
(129)Xe into the bloodstream in vivo. Additionally, we have
developed a detailed mathematical model of the infused HP
(129)Xe signal dynamics that should be useful in designing
improved infusion systems that yield even higher dissolved
HP (129)Xe signal intensities.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1021/jp9049582},
Key = {fds268685}
}
@article{fds336015,
Author = {Rankine, LJ and Wang, Z and Driehuys, B and Marks, LB and Kelsey, CR and Das, SK},
Title = {Correlation of Regional Lung Ventilation and Gas Transfer to
Red Blood Cells: Implications for Functional-Avoidance
Radiation Therapy Planning.},
Journal = {Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys},
Volume = {101},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1113-1122},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.04.017},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To investigate the degree to which lung ventilation
and gas exchange are regionally correlated, using the
emerging technology of hyperpolarized (HP)-129Xe magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS AND MATERIALS:
Hyperpolarized-129Xe MRI studies were performed on 17
institutional review board-approved human subjects,
including 13 healthy volunteers, 1 emphysema patient, and 3
non-small cell lung cancer patients imaged before and
approximately 11 weeks after radiation therapy (RT).
Subjects inhaled 1 L of HP-129Xe mixture, followed by the
acquisition of interleaved ventilation and gas exchange
images, from which maps were obtained of the relative
HP-129Xe distribution in three states: (1) gaseous, in lung
airspaces; (2) dissolved interstitially, in alveolar barrier
tissue; and (3) transferred to red blood cells (RBCs), in
the capillary vasculature. The relative spatial
distributions of HP-129Xe in airspaces (regional
ventilation) and RBCs (regional gas transfer) were compared.
Further, we investigated the degree to which ventilation and
RBC transfer images identified similar functional regions of
interest (ROIs) suitable for functionally guided RT. For the
RT patients, both ventilation and RBC functional images were
used to calculate differences in the lung dose-function
histogram and functional effective uniform dose. RESULTS:
The correlation of ventilation and RBC transfer was
ρ = 0.39 ± 0.15 in healthy volunteers. For the RT
patients, this correlation was ρ = 0.53 ± 0.02 before
treatment and ρ = 0.39 ± 0.07 after treatment; for the
emphysema patient it was ρ = 0.24. Comparing functional
ROIs, ventilation and RBC transfer demonstrated poor spatial
agreement: Dice similarity coefficient = 0.50 ± 0.07
and 0.26 ± 0.12 for the highest-33%- and
highest-10%-function ROIs in healthy volunteers, and in RT
patients (before treatment) these were 0.58 ± 0.04 and
0.40 ± 0.04. The average magnitude of the differences
between RBC- and ventilation-derived functional effective
uniform dose, fV20Gy, fV10Gy, and fV5Gy were
1.5 ± 1.4 Gy, 4.1% ± 3.8%, 5.0% ± 3.8%, and
5.3% ± 3.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Ventilation may
not be an effective surrogate for true regional lung
function for all patients.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.04.017},
Key = {fds336015}
}
@article{fds321759,
Author = {Driehuys, B},
Title = {Crossing the Chasm(s): Demonstrating the Clinical Value of
Hyperpolarized Gas MRI.},
Journal = {Acad Radiol},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-3},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2016.11.002},
Doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2016.11.002},
Key = {fds321759}
}
@article{fds323789,
Author = {Cleveland, ZI and Qi, Y and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Detecting Impaired Gas Uptake In A Rat Model Of Pulmonary
Fibrosis With 3d Hyperpolarized 129xe Mri},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {187},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds323789}
}
@article{fds323721,
Author = {He, M and Robertson, SH and Wang, JM and Rackley, CR and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Differentiating Early Stage And Later Stage Ipf Using
Hyperpolarized 129xe Ventilation Mri},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {193},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds323721}
}
@article{fds200612,
Author = {SS Kaushik and ZI Cleveland and GP Cofer and G Metz and D Beaver and J
Nouls, M Kraft and W Auffermann and J Wolber and HP McAdams and B
Driehuys},
Title = {Diffusion-weighted hyperpolarized (129)Xe MRI in healthy
volunteers and subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease.},
Journal = {Magnetic resonance in medicine : official journal of the
Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of
Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1522-2594},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.22697},
Abstract = {Given its greater availability and lower cost, (129)Xe
apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) MRI offers an
alternative to (3)He ADC MRI. To demonstrate the feasibility
of hyperpolarized (129)Xe ADC MRI, we present results from
healthy volunteers (HV), chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) subjects, and age-matched healthy controls
(AMC). The mean parenchymal ADC was 0.036 ± 0.003 cm(2)
sec(-1) for HV, 0.043 ± 0.006 cm(2) sec(-1) for AMC, and
0.056 ± 0.008 cm(2) sec(-1) for COPD subjects with
emphysema. In healthy individuals, but not the COPD group,
ADC decreased significantly in the anterior-posterior
direction by ∼22% (P = 0.006, AMC; 0.0059, HV), likely
because of gravity-induced tissue compression. The COPD
group exhibited a significantly larger superior-inferior ADC
reduction (∼28%) than the healthy groups (∼24%) (P =
0.00018, HV; P = 3.45 × 10(-5), AMC), consistent with
smoking-related tissue destruction in the superior lung.
Superior-inferior gradients in healthy subjects may result
from regional differences in xenon concentration. ADC was
significantly correlated with pulmonary function tests
(forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, r = -0.77, P = 0.0002;
forced expiratory volume in 1 sec/forced vital capacity, r =
-0.77, P = 0.0002; diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide in
the lung/alveolar volume (V(A)), r = -0.77, P = 0.0002). In
healthy groups, ADC increased with age by 0.0002 cm(2)
sec(-1) year(-1) (r = 0.56, P = 0.02). This study shows that
(129)Xe ADC MRI is clinically feasible, sufficiently
sensitive to distinguish HV from subjects with emphysema,
and detects age- and posture-dependent changes. Magn Reson
Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.22697},
Key = {fds200612}
}
@article{fds289610,
Author = {Kaushik, SS and Cleveland, ZI and Cofer, GP and Metz, G and Beaver, D and Nouls, J and Kraft, M and Auffermann, W and Wolber, J and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Diffusion-weighted hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI in healthy
volunteers and subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {65},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1154-1165},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21413080},
Abstract = {Given its greater availability and lower cost, (129) Xe
apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) MRI offers an
alternative to (3) He ADC MRI. To demonstrate the
feasibility of hyperpolarized (129) Xe ADC MRI, we present
results from healthy volunteers (HV), chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) subjects, and age-matched healthy
controls (AMC). The mean parenchymal ADC was 0.036 ± 0.003
cm(2) sec(-1) for HV, 0.043 ± 0.006 cm(2) sec(-1) for AMC,
and 0.056 ± 0.008 cm(2) sec(-1) for COPD subjects with
emphysema. In healthy individuals, but not the COPD group,
ADC decreased significantly in the anterior-posterior
direction by ∼ 22% (P = 0.006, AMC; 0.0059, HV), likely
because of gravity-induced tissue compression. The COPD
group exhibited a significantly larger superior-inferior ADC
reduction (∼ 28%) than the healthy groups (∼ 24%) (P =
0.00018, HV; P = 3.45 × 10(-5) , AMC), consistent with
smoking-related tissue destruction in the superior lung.
Superior-inferior gradients in healthy subjects may result
from regional differences in xenon concentration. ADC was
significantly correlated with pulmonary function tests
(forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, r = -0.77, P = 0.0002;
forced expiratory volume in 1 sec/forced vital capacity, r =
-0.77, P = 0.0002; diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide in
the lung/alveolar volume (V(A) ), r = -0.77, P = 0.0002). In
healthy groups, ADC increased with age by 0.0002 cm(2)
sec(-1) year(-1) (r = 0.56, P = 0.02). This study shows that
(129) Xe ADC MRI is clinically feasible, sufficiently
sensitive to distinguish HV from subjects with emphysema,
and detects age- and posture-dependent changes.},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.22697},
Key = {fds289610}
}
@article{fds345036,
Author = {Rankine, L and Wang, Z and Wang, J and He, M and McAdams, H and Mammarappallil, J and Rackley, C and Driehuys, B and Tighe,
R},
Title = {Disease Progression in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The
Potential for Stratifying Patients Using Hyperpolarized
Xenon-129 Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
Journal = {Medical Physics},
Volume = {46},
Number = {6},
Pages = {E300-E300},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds345036}
}
@article{fds346777,
Author = {Wang, Z and Bier, EA and Swaminathan, A and Parikh, K and Nouls, J and He,
M and Mammarappallil, JG and Luo, S and Driehuys, B and Rajagopal,
S},
Title = {Diverse cardiopulmonary diseases are associated with
distinct xenon magnetic resonance imaging
signatures.},
Journal = {Eur Respir J},
Volume = {54},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1900831},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00831-2019},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: As an increasing number of patients exhibit
concomitant cardiac and pulmonary disease, limitations of
standard diagnostic criteria are more frequently
encountered. Here, we apply noninvasive 129Xe magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy to identify
patterns of regional gas transfer impairment and
haemodynamics that are uniquely associated with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary
fibrosis (IPF), left heart failure (LHF) and pulmonary
arterial hypertension (PAH). METHODS: Healthy volunteers
(n=23) and patients with COPD (n=8), IPF (n=12), LHF (n=6)
and PAH (n=10) underwent 129Xe gas transfer imaging and
dynamic spectroscopy. For each patient, three-dimensional
maps were generated to depict ventilation, barrier uptake
(129Xe dissolved in interstitial tissue) and red blood cell
(RBC) transfer (129Xe dissolved in RBCs). Dynamic 129Xe
spectroscopy was used to quantify cardiogenic oscillations
in the RBC signal amplitude and frequency shift. RESULTS:
Compared with healthy volunteers, all patient groups
exhibited decreased ventilation and RBC transfer (both
p≤0.01). Patients with COPD demonstrated more ventilation
and barrier defects compared with all other groups (both
p≤0.02). In contrast, IPF patients demonstrated elevated
barrier uptake compared with all other groups (p≤0.007),
and increased RBC amplitude and shift oscillations compared
with healthy volunteers (p=0.007 and p≤0.01,
respectively). Patients with COPD and PAH both exhibited
decreased RBC amplitude oscillations (p=0.02 and p=0.005,
respectively) compared with healthy volunteers. LHF was
distinguishable from PAH by enhanced RBC amplitude
oscillations (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: COPD, IPF, LHF and PAH
each exhibit unique 129Xe MRI and dynamic spectroscopy
signatures. These metrics may help with diagnostic
challenges in cardiopulmonary disease and increase
understanding of regional lung function and haemodynamics at
the alveolar-capillary level.},
Doi = {10.1183/13993003.00831-2019},
Key = {fds346777}
}
@article{fds268612,
Author = {He, M and Robertson, SH and Kaushik, SS and Freeman, MS and Virgincar,
RS and Davies, J and Stiles, J and Foster, WM and McAdams, HP and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Dose and pulse sequence considerations for hyperpolarized
(129)Xe ventilation MRI.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Imaging},
Volume = {33},
Number = {7},
Pages = {877-885},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0730-725X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mri.2015.04.005},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of
hyperpolarized (129)Xe dose on image signal-to-noise ratio
(SNR) and ventilation defect conspicuity on both multi-slice
gradient echo and isotropic 3D-radially acquired ventilation
MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten non-smoking older subjects
(ages 60.8±7.9years) underwent hyperpolarized (HP) (129)Xe
ventilation MRI using both GRE and 3D-radial acquisitions,
each tested using a 71ml (high) and 24ml (low) dose
equivalent (DE) of fully polarized, fully enriched (129)Xe.
For all images SNR and ventilation defect percentage (VDP)
were calculated. RESULTS: Normalized SNR (SNRn), obtained by
dividing SNR by voxel volume and dose was higher for high-DE
GRE acquisitions (SNRn=1.9±0.8ml(-2)) than low-DE GRE scans
(SNRn=0.8±0.2ml(-2)). Radially acquired images exhibited a
more consistent, albeit lower SNRn (High-DE:
SNRn=0.5±0.1ml(-2), low-DE: SNRn=0.5±0.2ml(-2)). VDP was
indistinguishable across all scans. CONCLUSIONS: These
results suggest that images acquired using the high-DE GRE
sequence provided the highest SNRn, which was in agreement
with previous reports in the literature. 3D-radial images
had lower SNRn, but have advantages for visual display,
monitoring magnetization dynamics, and visualizing
physiological gradients. By evaluating normalized SNR in the
context of dose-equivalent formalism, it should be possible
to predict (129)Xe dose requirements and quantify the
benefits of more efficient transmit/receive coils, field
strengths, and pulse sequences.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mri.2015.04.005},
Key = {fds268612}
}
@article{fds336017,
Author = {Rankine, L and Wang, Z and Kelsey, C and Das, S and Marks, L and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Dose-Dependent Changes in Regional Lung Function Detected
6-12 Weeks After Radiation Therapy: A Novel Application of
Hyperpolarized-129Xe MRI},
Journal = {Medical Physics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {6},
Pages = {E416-E417},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds336017}
}
@article{fds268679,
Author = {Johnson, GA and Cates, G and Chen, XJ and Cofer, GP and Driehuys, B and Happer, W and Hedlund, LW and Saam, B and Shattuck, MD and Swartz,
J},
Title = {Dynamics of magnetization in hyperpolarized gas MRI of the
lung.},
Journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {66-71},
Year = {1997},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9211381},
Keywords = {Animals • Guinea Pigs • Helium • Isotopes
• Lung • Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Male
• Respiration • anatomy & histology* •
diagnostic use* • methods*},
Abstract = {The magnetization in hyperpolarized gas (HP) MRI is
generated by laser polarization that is independent of the
magnet and imaging process. As a consequence, there is no
equilibrium magnetization during the image acquisition. The
competing processes of gas inflow and depolarization of the
spins lead to large changes in signal as one samples
k-space. A model is developed of dynamic changes in
polarization of hyperpolarized 3He during infusion and in
vivo imaging of the lung and verified experimentally in a
live guinea pig. Projection encoding is used to measure the
view-to-view variation with temporal resolution < 4 ms.
Large excitation angles effectively sample the magnetization
in the early stages of inflow, highlighting larger airways,
while smaller excitation angles produce images of the more
distal spaces. The work provides a basis for pulse sequences
designed to effectively exploit HP MRI in the
lung.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.1910380111},
Key = {fds268679}
}
@article{fds327669,
Author = {Flower, C and Freeman, MS and Plue, M and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Electron microscopic observations of Rb particles and
pitting in 129Xe spin-exchange optical pumping
cells.},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
Volume = {122},
Number = {2},
Pages = {024902},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4991642},
Abstract = {High-volume production of hyperpolarized 129Xe by
spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) has historically fallen
short of theoretical predictions. Recently, this shortfall
was proposed to be caused by the formation of alkali metal
clusters during optical pumping. However, this hypothesis
has yet to be verified experimentally. Here, we seek to
detect the presence of alkali particles using a combination
of both transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron
microscopy. From TEM studies, we observe the presence of
particles exhibiting sizes ranging from approximately 0.2 to
1 μm and present at densities of order 10 s of
particles per 100 square microns. Particle formation was
more closely associated with extensive cell usage history
than short-term ([Formula: see text]1 h) SEOP exposure.
From the SEM studies, we observe pits on the cell surface.
These pits are remarkably smooth, were frequently found
adjacent to Rb particles, and located predominantly on the
front face of the cells; they range in size from 1 to
5 μm. Together, these findings suggest that Rb particles
do form during the SEOP process and at times can impart
sufficient energy to locally alter the Pyrex
surface.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.4991642},
Key = {fds327669}
}
@article{fds268625,
Author = {Freeman, MS and Cleveland, ZI and Qi, Y and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Enabling hyperpolarized (129) Xe MR spectroscopy and imaging
of pulmonary gas transfer to the red blood cells in
transgenic mice expressing human hemoglobin.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {70},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1192-1199},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24006177},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Hyperpolarized (HP) (129) Xe gas in the alveoli can
be detected separately from (129) Xe dissolved in pulmonary
barrier tissues (blood plasma and parenchyma) and red blood
cells (RBCs) of humans, allowing this isotope to probe
impaired gas uptake. Unfortunately, mice, which are favored
as lung disease models, do not display a unique RBC
resonance, thus limiting the preclinical utility of (129) Xe
MR. Here we overcome this limitation using a commercially
available strain of transgenic mice that exclusively
expresses human hemoglobin. METHODS: Dynamic HP (129) Xe MR
spectroscopy, and three-dimensional radial MRI of gaseous
and dissolved (129) Xe were performed in both wild-type
(C57BL/6) and transgenic mice. RESULTS: Unlike wild-type
animals, transgenic mice displayed two dissolved (129) Xe
NMR peaks at 198 and 217 ppm, corresponding to (129) Xe
dissolved in barrier tissues and RBCs, respectively.
Moreover, signal from these resonances could be imaged
separately, using a 1-point variant of the Dixon technique.
CONCLUSION: It is now possible to examine the dynamics and
spatial distribution of pulmonary gas uptake by the RBCs of
mice using HP (129) Xe MR spectroscopy and imaging. When
combined with ventilation imaging, this ability will enable
translational "mouse-to-human" studies of impaired gas
exchange in a variety of pulmonary diseases.},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.24915},
Key = {fds268625}
}
@article{fds365331,
Author = {Barton, AS and Newbury, NR and Cates, GD and Driehuys, B and Middleton,
H and Saam, B},
Title = {Erratum: Self-calibrating measurement of
polarization-dependent frequency shifts from Rb-
??He3
collisions [Phys. Rev. A 49 , 2766
(1994)]},
Journal = {Physical Review A},
Volume = {104},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.104.069904},
Doi = {10.1103/physreva.104.069904},
Key = {fds365331}
}
@article{fds315007,
Author = {Virgincar, RS and Robertson, SH and Nouls, J and Degan, S and Schrank,
GM and He, M and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Establishing an accurate gas phase reference frequency to
quantify 129 Xe chemical shifts in vivo.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {77},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1438-1445},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.26229},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: 129 Xe interacts with biological media to exhibit
chemical shifts exceeding 200 ppm that report on physiology
and pathology. Extracting this functional information
requires shifts to be measured precisely. Historically,
shifts have been reported relative to the gas-phase
resonance originating from pulmonary airspaces. However,
this frequency is not fixed-it is affected by bulk magnetic
susceptibility, as well as Xe-N2 , Xe-Xe, and Xe-O2
interactions. In this study, we addressed this by
introducing a robust method to determine the 0 ppm 129 Xe
reference from in vivo data. METHODS: Respiratory-gated
hyperpolarized 129 Xe spectra from the gas- and
dissolved-phases were acquired in four mice at 2T from
multiple axial slices within the thoracic cavity. Complex
spectra were then fitted in the time domain to identify
peaks. RESULTS: Gas-phase 129 Xe exhibited two distinct
resonances corresponding to 129 Xe in conducting airways
(varying from -0.6 ± 0.2 to 1.3 ± 0.3 ppm) and
alveoli (relatively stable, at -2.2 ± 0.1 ppm).
Dissolved-phase 129 Xe exhibited five reproducible
resonances in the thorax at 198.4 ± 0.4,
195.5 ± 0.4, 193.9 ± 0.2, 191.3 ± 0.2, and
190.7 ± 0.3 ppm. CONCLUSION: The alveolar 129 Xe
resonance exhibits a stable frequency across all mice.
Therefore, it can provide a reliable in vivo reference
frequency by which to characterize other spectroscopic
shifts. Magn Reson Med 77:1438-1445, 2017. © 2016
International Society for Magnetic Resonance in
Medicine.},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.26229},
Key = {fds315007}
}
@article{fds268615,
Author = {He, M and Kaushik, SS and Robertson, SH and Freeman, MS and Virgincar,
RS and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Extending semiautomatic ventilation defect analysis for
hyperpolarized (129)Xe ventilation MRI.},
Journal = {Acad Radiol},
Volume = {21},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1530-1541},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1076-6332},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2014.07.017},
Abstract = {RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Clinical deployment of
hyperpolarized (129)Xe magnetic resonance imaging requires
accurate quantification and visualization of the ventilation
defect percentage (VDP). Here, we improve the robustness of
our previous semiautomated analysis method to reduce
operator dependence, correct for B1 inhomogeneity and
vascular structures, and extend the analysis to display
multiple intensity clusters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two
segmentation methods were compared-a seeded region-growing
method, previously validated by expert reader scoring, and a
new linear-binning method that corrects the effects of bias
field and vascular structures. The new method removes nearly
all operator interventions by rescaling the (129)Xe magnetic
resonance images to the 99th percentile of the cumulative
distribution and applying fixed thresholds to classify
(129)Xe voxels into four clusters: defect, low, medium, and
high intensity. The methods were applied to 24 subjects
including patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (n = 8), age-matched controls (n = 8), and
healthy normal subjects (n = 8). RESULTS: Linear-binning
enabled a faster and more reproducible workflow and
permitted analysis of an additional 0.25 ± 0.18 L of
lung volume by accounting for vasculature. Like
region-growing, linear-binning VDP correlated strongly with
reader scoring (R(2) = 0.93, P < .0001), but with less
systematic bias. Moreover, linear-binning maps clearly
depict regions of low and high intensity that may prove
useful for phenotyping subjects with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease. CONCLUSIONS: Corrected linear-binning
provides a robust means to quantify (129)Xe ventilation
images yielding VDP values that are indistinguishable from
expert reader scores, while exploiting the entire dynamic
range to depict multiple image clusters.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2014.07.017},
Key = {fds268615}
}
@article{fds268678,
Author = {Gatzke, M and Cates, GD and Driehuys, B and Fox, D and Happer, W and Saam,
B},
Title = {Extraordinarily slow nuclear spin relaxation in frozen
laser-polarized 129Xe.},
Journal = {Phys Rev Lett},
Volume = {70},
Number = {5},
Pages = {690-693},
Year = {1993},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1079-7114},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10054178},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.690},
Key = {fds268678}
}
@article{fds329557,
Author = {Song, EJ and Kelsey, CR and Driehuys, B and Rankine,
L},
Title = {Functional airway obstruction observed with hyperpolarized
129 Xenon-MRI.},
Journal = {J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol},
Volume = {62},
Number = {1},
Pages = {91-93},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1754-9485.12660},
Abstract = {Hyperpolarized 129 Xenon-MRI (HP 129 Xe MRI) is an emerging
imaging modality that allows assessment of both ventilation
and gas transfer. Most research to date has focused on
non-malignant pulmonary diseases. However, the capability of
evaluating the two primary physiological processes of the
lung (ventilation and gas transfer) makes HP 129 Xe MRI a
promising imaging modality in the management of patients
with lung cancer.},
Doi = {10.1111/1754-9485.12660},
Key = {fds329557}
}
@article{fds268645,
Author = {Jacob, RE and Driehuys, B and Saam, B},
Title = {Fundamental mechanisms of 3 He relaxation on
glass},
Journal = {Chemical Physics Letters},
Volume = {370},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {261-267},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00110-6},
Abstract = {We present a model of 3 He relaxation on the surface of
borosilicate glass which accurately predicts observed
relaxation rates and their temperature dependence. Above
room temperature 3 He dissolves into Pyrex, where
interactions with Fe 3+ ions result in a relaxation time of
≈1 ms. Gas exchange across the glass surface of an
enclosed vessel leads to T 1-1 = A/V (3.9 ± 1.4) × 10 -2
cm/h at room temperature, where A/V is the surface-to-volume
ratio. The activation energy for relaxation is 13.7 ± 0.7
kJ/mol and is dominated by the activation energy of 3H e
diffusion in glass. This is the first successful
confirmation of predicted 3 He relaxation rates in glass
vessels. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00110-6},
Key = {fds268645}
}
@article{fds347315,
Author = {He, M and Wang, Z and Rankine, L and Luo, S and Nouls, J and Virgincar, R and Mammarappallil, J and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Generalized Linear Binning to Compare Hyperpolarized 129Xe
Ventilation Maps Derived from 3D Radial Gas Exchange Versus
Dedicated Multislice Gradient Echo MRI.},
Journal = {Acad Radiol},
Volume = {27},
Number = {8},
Pages = {e193-e203},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2019.10.016},
Abstract = {RATIONALE: Hyperpolarized 129Xe ventilation MRI is typically
acquired using multislice fast gradient recalled echo (GRE),
but interleaved 3D radial 129Xe gas transfer MRI now
provides dissolved-phase and ventilation images from a
single breath. To investigate whether these ventilation
images provide equivalent quantitative metrics, we introduce
generalized linear binning analysis. METHODS: This study
included 36 patients who had undergone both multislice GRE
ventilation and 3D radial gas exchange imaging. Images were
then quantified by linear binning to classify voxels into
one of four clusters: ventilation defect percentage (VDP),
Low-, Medium- or High-ventilation percentage (LVP, MVP,
HVP). For 3D radial images, linear binning thresholds were
generalized using a Box-Cox rescaled reference histogram. We
compared the cluster populations from the two ventilation
acquisitions both numerically and spatially. RESULTS:
Interacquisition Bland-Altman limits of agreement for the
clusters between 3D radial vs GRE were (-7% to 5%) for VDP,
(-10% to 14%) for LVP, and (-8% to 8%) for HVP. While
binning maps were qualitatively similar between
acquisitions, their spatial overlap was modest for VDP
(Dice = 0.5 ± 0.2), and relatively poor for LVP (0.3 ±
0.1) and HVP (0.2 ± 0.1). CONCLUSION: Both acquisitions
yield reasonably concordant VDP and qualitatively similar
maps. However, poor regional agreement (Dice) suggests that
the two acquisitions cannot yet be used interchangeably.
However, further improvements in 3D radial resolution and
reconciliation of bias field correction may well obviate the
need for a dedicated ventilation scan in many
cases.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2019.10.016},
Key = {fds347315}
}
@article{fds268660,
Author = {Zheng, W and Cleveland, ZI and Möller, HE and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Gradient-induced longitudinal relaxation of hyperpolarized
noble gases in the fringe fields of superconducting magnets
used for magnetic resonance.},
Journal = {J Magn Reson},
Volume = {208},
Number = {2},
Pages = {284-290},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1096-0856},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21134771},
Keywords = {Algorithms • Electromagnetic Fields • Helium
• Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy • Magnetics
• Models, Theoretical • Noble Gases •
chemistry • chemistry* • methods*},
Abstract = {When hyperpolarized noble gases are brought into the bore of
a superconducting magnet for magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) or spectroscopy studies, the gases must pass through
substantial field gradients, which can cause rapid
longitudinal relaxation. In this communication, we present a
means of calculating this spatially dependent relaxation
rate in the fringe field of typical magnets. We then compare
these predictions to experimental measurements of (3)He
relaxation at various positions near a medium-bore 2-T small
animal MRI system. The calculated and measured relaxation
rates on the central axis of the magnet agree well and show
a maximum (3)He relaxation rate of 3.83×10(-3) s(-1)
(T(1)=4.4 min) at a distance of 47 cm from the magnet
isocenter. We also show that if this magnet were
self-shielded, its minimum T(1) would drop to 1.2 min. In
contrast, a typical self-shielded 1.5-T clinical MRI scanner
will induce a minimum on-axis T(1) of 12 min. Additionally,
we show that the cylindrically symmetric fields of these
magnets enable gradient-induced relaxation to be calculated
using only knowledge of the on-axis longitudinal field,
which can either be measured directly or calculated from a
simple field model. Thus, while most MRI magnets employ
complex and proprietary current configurations, we show that
their fringe fields and the resulting gradient-induced
relaxation are well approximated by simple solenoid models.
Finally, our modeling also demonstrates that relaxation
rates can increase by nearly an order of magnitude at radial
distances equivalent to the solenoid radius.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmr.2010.11.006},
Key = {fds268660}
}
@article{fds268643,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Cates, GD and Miron, E and Sauer, K and Walter, DK and Happer, W},
Title = {High-volume production of laser-polarized
129Xe},
Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
Volume = {69},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1668-1670},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117022},
Abstract = {A method is described for producing several liters of
nuclear spin polarized 129Xe gas via spin exchange with an
optically pumped Rb vapor. We use a 140 W AlGaAs laser diode
array whose broad spectral output is efficiently absorbed by
employing ∼ 10 atm of 4He to pressure broaden the Rb D1
absorption profile. 129Xe is polarized in a continuous gas
flow and is then cryogenically accumulated and stored.
Extensions of this technique should enable the production of
tens of liters of 129Xe with a nuclear spin polarization of
order 50%. Production of laser-polarized 129Xe in liter
quantities is important for the continued development of
magnetic resonance imaging using spin-polarized 129Xe. ©
1996 American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.117022},
Key = {fds268643}
}
@article{fds326796,
Author = {Nichols, C and House, J and Li, H and Brandenberger, C and Virgincar, R and Miller, L and Driehuys, B and Zeldin, D and London,
S},
Title = {Htr4 Regulates Pulmonary Function Through Neural
Innervation},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {195},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds326796}
}
@article{fds268677,
Author = {MacFall, JR and Charles, HC and Black, RD and Middleton, H and Swartz,
JC and Saam, B and Driehuys, B and Erickson, C and Happer, W and Cates, GD and Johnson, GA and Ravin, CE},
Title = {Human lung air spaces: potential for MR imaging with
hyperpolarized He-3.},
Journal = {Radiology},
Volume = {200},
Number = {2},
Pages = {553-558},
Year = {1996},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0033-8419},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8685356},
Keywords = {Adult • Helium • Humans • Image Enhancement
• Isotopes • Lung • Magnetic Resonance
Imaging • Male • Middle Aged • anatomy &
histology* • diagnostic use* • instrumentation
• methods • methods*},
Abstract = {Two healthy volunteers who had inhaled approximately 0.75 L
of laser-polarized helium-3 gas underwent magnetic resonance
imaging at 1.5 T with fast gradient-echo pulse sequences and
small flip angles ( < 10 degrees). Thick-section (20 mm)
coronal images, time-course data (30 images collected every
1.8 seconds), and thin-section (6 mm) images were acquired.
Subjects were able to breathe the gas (12% polarization)
without difficulty. Thick-section images were of good
quality and had a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 32:1 near
the surface coil and 16:1 farther away. The time images
showed regional differences, which indicated potential value
for quantitation. High-resolution images showed greater
detail and a S/N of approximately 6:1.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1148/radiology.200.2.8685356},
Key = {fds268677}
}
@article{fds268690,
Author = {Babcock, E and Nelson, I and Kadlecek, S and Driehuys, B and Anderson,
LW and Hersman, FW and Walker, TG},
Title = {Hybrid spin-exchange optical pumping of 3He.},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {91},
Number = {12},
Pages = {123003},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14525358},
Abstract = {We demonstrate spin-exchange optical pumping of 3He using a
"hybrid" K-Rb vapor mixture. The Rb atoms absorb light from
a standard laser at 795 nm, then collisionally polarize the
potassium atoms. Spin-exchange collisions of K and 3He atoms
then transfer the angular momentum to the 3He with much
greater efficiency than Rb-3He. For a K-rich vapor, the
efficiency of the hybrid spin-exchange collisions approaches
1/4, an order of magnitude greater than achieved by pure Rb
pumping. We present the first measurements of actual photon
efficiencies (polarized nuclei produced per absorbed
photon), and show that a new parasitic absorption process
limits the total efficiencies for both hybrid and pure Rb
pumping.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.123003},
Key = {fds268690}
}
@article{fds336016,
Author = {Wang, Z and He, M and Bier, E and Rankine, L and Schrank, G and Rajagopal,
S and Huang, Y-C and Kelsey, C and Womack, S and Mammarappallil, J and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas transfer MRI: the transition from
1.5T to 3T.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {80},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2374-2383},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.27377},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI depicting 3D ventilation,
interstitial barrier uptake, and transfer to red blood cells
(RBCs) has emerged as a powerful new means of detecting
pulmonary disease. However, given the challenging
susceptibility environment of the lung, such gas transfer
imaging has, thus far, only been implemented at 1.5T. Here,
we seek to demonstrate the feasibility of Dixon-based 129 Xe
gas transfer MRI at 3T. METHODS: Seven healthy subjects and
six patients with pulmonary disorders were recruited to
characterize 129 Xe spectral structure, optimize acquisition
parameters, and acquire representative images. Imaging used
randomized, gradient-spoiled 3D-radial encoding of 1000 gas
(0.5° flip) and dissolved (20° flip) views, reconstructed
into 3-mm isotropic voxels. The center of k-space was
sampled when barrier and RBC compartments were 90° out of
phase (TE90 ). A single dissolved phase spectrum was
appended to the sequence to measure the global RBC-barrier
ratio for Dixon-based decomposition. RESULTS: A 0.69 ms sinc
was found to generate minimal off-resonance gas-phase
excitation (3.0 ± 0.3% of the dissolved-phase),
yielding a TE90 = 0.47 ± 0.02 ms. The RBC and
barrier resonance frequencies were shifted by
217.6 ± 0.6 ppm and 197.8 ± 0.2 ppm. The RBC T
2 * was estimated to be ∼1.1 ms, and therefore each
read-out was limited to 1.3 ms. 129 Xe gas and
dissolved-phase images have sufficient SNR to produce gas
transfer maps of similar quality and sensitivity to
pathology, as previously obtained at 1.5T. CONCLUSIONS:
Despite short dissolved-phase T 2 * , 129 Xe gas transfer
MRI is feasible at 3T.},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.27377},
Key = {fds336016}
}
@article{fds358143,
Author = {Rankine, LJ and Wang, Z and Kelsey, CR and Bier, E and Driehuys, B and Marks, LB and Das, SK},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Imaging for
Functional Avoidance Treatment Planning in Thoracic
Radiation Therapy: A Comparison of Ventilation- and Gas
Exchange-Guided Treatment Plans.},
Journal = {Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys},
Volume = {111},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1044-1057},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.002},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To present a methodology to use pulmonary gas
exchange maps to guide functional avoidance treatment
planning in radiation therapy (RT) and evaluate its efficacy
compared with ventilation-guided treatment planning. METHODS
AND MATERIALS: Before receiving conventional RT for
non-small cell lung cancer, 11 patients underwent
hyperpolarized 129Xe gas exchange magnetic resonance imaging
to map the distribution of xenon in its gas phase
(ventilation) and transiently bound to red blood cells in
the alveolar capillaries (gas exchange). Both ventilation
and gas exchange maps were independently used to guide
development of new functional avoidance treatment plans for
every patient, while adhering to institutional dose-volume
constraints for normal tissues and target coverage.
Furthermore, dose-volume histogram (DVH)-based
reoptimizations of the clinical plan, with reductions in
mean lung dose (MLD) equal to the functional avoidance
plans, were created to serve as the control group. To
evaluate each plan (regardless of type), gas exchange maps,
representing end-to-end lung function, were used to
calculate gas exchange-weighted MLD (fMLD), gas
exchange-weighted volume receiving ≥20 Gy (fV20), and mean
dose in the highest gas exchanging 33% and 50% volumes of
lung (MLD-f33% and MLD-f50%). Using each clinically approved
plan as a baseline, the reductions in functional metrics
were compared for ventilation-optimization, gas exchange
optimization, and DVH-based reoptimization. Statistical
significance was determined using the Freidman test, with
subsequent subdivision when indicated by P values less than
.10 and post hoc testing with Wilcoxon signed rank tests to
determine significant differences (P < .05). Toxicity
modeling was performed using an established function-based
model to estimate clinical significance of the results.
RESULTS: Compared with DVH-based reoptimization of the
clinically approved plans, gas exchange-guided functional
avoidance planning more effectively reduced the gas
exchange-weighted metrics fMLD (average ± SD, -78 ± 79
cGy, compared with -45 ± 34 cGy; P = .03), MLD-f33% (-135
± 136 cGy, compared with -52 ± 47 cGy; P = .004), and
MLD-f50% (-96 ± 95 cGy, compared with -47 ± 40 cGy;
P = .01). Comparing the 2 functional planning types, Gas
Exchange-Guided planning more effectively reduced MLD-f33%
compared with ventilation-guided planning (-64 ±
95; P = .009). For some patients, Gas Exchange-Guided
functional avoidance plans demonstrated clinically
significant reductions in model-predicted toxicity, more so
than the accompanying ventilation-guided plans and DVH-based
reoptimizations. CONCLUSION: Gas Exchange-Guided planning
effectively reduced dose to high gas exchanging regions of
lung while maintaining clinically acceptable plan quality.
In many patients, ventilation-guided planning incidentally
reduced dose to higher gas exchange regions, to a lesser
extent. This methodology enables future prospective trials
to examine patient outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.002},
Key = {fds358143}
}
@article{fds354347,
Author = {Mummy, D and Rankine, L and Wang, Z and Bier, E and Rackley, C and Morrison, LD and Mammarappallil, J and Driehuys, B and Tighe,
RM},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is Sensitive
to Therapy Response in Idiopathic Pulmonary
Fibrosis},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {201},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds354347}
}
@article{fds354350,
Author = {Mummy, D and Wang, Z and Bier, E and Tighe, RM and Driehuys, B and Mammarappallil, J},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures of
Gas Exchange in Non-Specific Interstitial
Pneumonia},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {201},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds354350}
}
@article{fds358001,
Author = {Mummy, DG and Bier, EA and Wang, Z and Korzekwinski, J and Morrison, L and Barkauskas, C and McAdams, HP and Tighe, RM and Driehuys, B and Mammarappallil, JG},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI and Spectroscopy of Gas-Exchange
Abnormalities in Nonspecific Interstitial
Pneumonia.},
Journal = {Radiology},
Volume = {301},
Number = {1},
Pages = {211-220},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2021204149},
Abstract = {Background Recent studies demonstrate that antifibrotic
drugs previously reserved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
(IPF) may slow progression in other interstitial lung
diseases (ILDs), creating an urgent need for tools that can
sensitively assess disease activity, progression, and
therapy response across ILDs. Hyperpolarized xenon 129
(129Xe) MRI and spectroscopy have provided noninvasive
measurements of regional gas-exchange abnormalities in IPF.
Purpose To assess gas exchange function using 129Xe MRI in a
group of study participants with nonspecific interstitial
pneumonia (NSIP) compared with healthy control participants.
Materials and Methods In this prospective study,
participants with NSIP and healthy control participants were
enrolled between November 2017 and February 2020 and
underwent 129Xe MRI and spectroscopy. Quantitative imaging
provided three-dimensional maps of ventilation, interstitial
barrier uptake, and transfer into the red blood cell (RBC)
compartment. Spectroscopy provided parameters of the static
RBC and barrier uptake compartments, as well as cardiogenic
oscillations in RBC signal amplitude and chemical shift.
Differences between NSIP and healthy control participants
were assessed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results
Thirty-six participants with NSIP (mean age, 57 years ± 11
[standard deviation]; 27 women) and 15 healthy control
participants (mean age, 39 years ± 18; two women) were
evaluated. Participants with NSIP had no difference in
ventilation compared with healthy control participants
(median, 4.4% [first quartile, 1.5%; third quartile, 8.7%]
vs 6.0% [first quartile, 2.8%; third quartile, 6.9%]; P =
.91), but they had a higher barrier uptake (median, 6.2%
[first quartile, 1.8%; third quartile, 23.9%] vs 0.53%
[first quartile, 0.33%; third quartile, 2.9%]; P = .003) and
an increased RBC transfer defect (median, 20.6% [first
quartile, 11.6%; third quartile, 27.8%] vs 2.8% [first
quartile, 2.3%; third quartile, 4.9%]; P < .001). NSIP
participants also had a reduced ratio of RBC-to-barrier
peaks (median, 0.24 [first quartile, 0.19; third quartile,
0.31] vs 0.57 [first quartile, 0.52; third quartile, 0.67];
P < .001) and a reduced RBC chemical shift (median, 217.5
ppm [first quartile, 217.0 ppm; third quartile, 218.0 ppm]
vs 218.2 ppm [first quartile, 217.9 ppm; third quartile,
218.6 ppm]; P = .001). Conclusion Participants with
nonspecific interstitial pneumonia had increased barrier
uptake and decreased red blood cell (RBC) transfer compared
with healthy controls measured using xenon 129 gas-exchange
MRI and reduced RBC-to-barrier ratio and RBC chemical shift
measured using spectroscopy. © RSNA, 2021 Online
supplemental material is available for this article. See
also the editorial by Wild in this issue.},
Doi = {10.1148/radiol.2021204149},
Key = {fds358001}
}
@article{fds268635,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Raidy, T and Pollaro, J and Johnson, A and Dewhirst, M and Marks, L and Vujaskovic, Z},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI for Functional Assessment of
Radiation-Induced Lung Injury},
Journal = {International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology,
Physics},
Volume = {63},
Number = {2},
Pages = {S460-S461},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0360-3016},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000232083301298&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.784},
Key = {fds268635}
}
@article{fds363944,
Author = {Mummy, D and Swaminathan, A and Yarnall, K and Bier, E and Lu, J and Leewiwatwong, S and Korzekwinski, J and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI in Healthy Control Subjects Reveals
Age-Related Changes in Measurements of Ventilation and Red
Blood Cell Transfer but Not Interstitial Tissue
Barrier},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {205},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds363944}
}
@article{fds363943,
Author = {Mummy, D and Bier, E and Lu, J and Leewiwatwong, S and Bechtel, A and Dummer, I and Kabir, S and Korzekwinski, J and Williford, K and Martindale, S and Giovacchini, CX and Shaz, D and Mammarappallil, J and Alenezi, F and Kim, R and Driehuys, B and Que, LG},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI Is Sensitive to Variations in Gas
Exchange Impairment in Patients with Long Haul COVID-19 and
Normal Cardiac Structure and Function},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {205},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds363943}
}
@article{fds323722,
Author = {He, M and Heacock, T and Kaushik, SS and Robertson, SH and Freeman, MS and McAdams, HP and Beaver, D and Kraft, M and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129xe Mri To Quantify Regional Ventilation
Differences In Older Versus Younger Asthmatics},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {189},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds323722}
}
@article{fds323723,
Author = {Kaushik, SS and Heacock, T and Freeman, M and Kelly, KT and Rackley, CR and Stiles, J and Foster, WM and McAdams, HP and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129xe Spectroscopy As A Biomarker For
Gas-Transfer Impairment In Idiopathic Pulmonary
Fibrosis},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {189},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds323723}
}
@article{fds320113,
Author = {Ebner, L and He, M and Virgincar, RS and Heacock, T and Kaushik, SS and Freemann, MS and McAdams, HP and Kraft, M and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Hyperpolarized 129Xenon Magnetic Resonance Imaging to
Quantify Regional Ventilation Differences in Mild to
Moderate Asthma: A Prospective Comparison Between
Semiautomated Ventilation Defect Percentage Calculation and
Pulmonary Function Tests.},
Journal = {Investigative Radiology},
Volume = {52},
Number = {2},
Pages = {120-127},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0000000000000322},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate
ventilation in mild to moderate asthmatic patients and
age-matched controls using hyperpolarized (HP) Xenon
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and correlate findings with
pulmonary function tests (PFTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This
single-center, Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act-compliant prospective study was approved
by our institutional review board. Thirty subjects (10 young
asthmatic patients, 26 ± 6 years; 3 males, 7 females; 10
older asthmatic patients, 64 ± 6 years; 3 males, 7 females;
10 healthy controls) were enrolled. After repeated PFTs 1
week apart, the subjects underwent 2 MRI scans within 10
minutes, inhaling 1-L volumes containing 0.5 to 1 L of Xe.
Xe ventilation signal was quantified by linear binning, from
which the ventilation defect percentage (VDP) was derived.
Differences in VDP among subgroups and variability with age
were evaluated using 1-tailed t tests. Correlation of VDP
with PFTs was tested using Pearson correlation coefficient.
Reproducibility of VDP was assessed using Bland-Altman
plots, linear regression (R), intraclass correlation
coefficient, and concordance correlation coefficient.
RESULTS: Ventilation defect percentage was significantly
higher in young asthmatic patients versus young healthy
subjects (8.4% ± 3.2% vs 5.6% ± 1.7%, P = 0.031), but not
in older asthmatic patients versus age-matched controls
(16.8% ± 10.3% vs 11.6% ± 6.6%, P = 0.13). Ventilation
defect percentage was found to increase significantly with
age (healthy, P = 0.05; asthmatic patients, P = 0.033).
Ventilation defect percentage was highly reproducible (R =
0.976; intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.977;
concordance correlation coefficient, 0.976) and
significantly correlated with FEV1% (r = -0.42, P = 0.025),
FEF25%-75% (r = -0.45, P = 0.019), FEV1/FVC (r = -0.71, P <
0.0001), FeNO (r = 0.69, P < 0.0001), and RV/TLC (r = 0.51,
P = 0.0067). Bland-Altman analysis showed a bias for VDP of
-0.88 ± 1.52 (FEV1%, -0.33 ± 7.18). CONCLUSIONS: Xenon MRI
is able to depict airway obstructions in mild to moderate
asthma and significantly correlates with
PFTs.},
Doi = {10.1097/RLI.0000000000000322},
Key = {fds320113}
}
@article{fds361877,
Author = {Macfall, JR and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Hyperpolarized Gas Imaging},
Journal = {Emagres},
Volume = {2007},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470034590.emrstm0220},
Doi = {10.1002/9780470034590.emrstm0220},
Key = {fds361877}
}
@article{fds268613,
Author = {Roos, JE and McAdams, HP and Kaushik, SS and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Hyperpolarized Gas MR Imaging: Technique and
Applications.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {217-229},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1064-9689},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mric.2015.01.003},
Abstract = {Functional imaging offers information more sensitive to
changes in lung structure and function. Hyperpolarized
helium ((3)He) and xenon ((129)Xe) MR imaging of the lungs
provides sensitive contrast mechanisms to probe changes in
pulmonary ventilation, microstructure, and gas exchange. Gas
imaging has shifted to the use of (129)Xe. Xenon is
well-tolerated. (129)Xe is soluble in pulmonary tissue,
which allows exploring specific lung function
characteristics involved in gas exchange and alveolar
oxygenation. Hyperpolarized gases and (129)Xe in particular
stand to be an excellent probe of pulmonary structure and
function, and provide sensitive and noninvasive biomarkers
for pulmonary diseases.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mric.2015.01.003},
Key = {fds268613}
}
@article{fds268653,
Author = {Cleveland, ZI and Cofer, GP and Metz, G and Beaver, D and Nouls, J and Kaushik, SS and Kraft, M and Wolber, J and Kelly, KT and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Hyperpolarized Xe MR imaging of alveolar gas uptake in
humans.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {5},
Number = {8},
Pages = {e12192},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1932-6203},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20808950},
Keywords = {Adult • Artifacts • Blood Volume •
Feasibility Studies • Humans • Imaging,
Three-Dimensional • Magnetic Resonance Imaging •
Middle Aged • Pulmonary Alveoli • Pulmonary Gas
Exchange* • Respiration • Time Factors •
Xenon Isotopes • Young Adult • diagnostic use
• methods* • physiology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: One of the central physiological functions of
the lungs is to transfer inhaled gases from the alveoli to
pulmonary capillary blood. However, current measures of
alveolar gas uptake provide only global information and thus
lack the sensitivity and specificity needed to account for
regional variations in gas exchange. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL
FINDINGS: Here we exploit the solubility, high magnetic
resonance (MR) signal intensity, and large chemical shift of
hyperpolarized (HP) (129)Xe to probe the regional uptake of
alveolar gases by directly imaging HP (129)Xe dissolved in
the gas exchange tissues and pulmonary capillary blood of
human subjects. The resulting single breath-hold,
three-dimensional MR images are optimized using millisecond
repetition times and high flip angle radio-frequency pulses,
because the dissolved HP (129)Xe magnetization is rapidly
replenished by diffusive exchange with alveolar (129)Xe. The
dissolved HP (129)Xe MR images display significant,
directional heterogeneity, with increased signal intensity
observed from the gravity-dependent portions of the lungs.
CONCLUSIONS: The features observed in dissolved-phase
(129)Xe MR images are consistent with gravity-dependent lung
deformation, which produces increased ventilation, reduced
alveolar size (i.e., higher surface-to-volume ratios),
higher tissue densities, and increased perfusion in the
dependent portions of the lungs. Thus, these results suggest
that dissolved HP (129)Xe imaging reports on pulmonary
function at a fundamental level.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0012192},
Key = {fds268653}
}
@article{fds359381,
Author = {Bier, E and Alenezi, F and Lu, J and Mammarappallil, J and Driehuys, B and Rajagopal, S},
Title = {Hyperpolarized Xe-129 Magnetic Resonance Oscillation Imaging
in Pulmonary Hypertension},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {203},
Number = {9},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds359381}
}
@article{fds359384,
Author = {Mummy, D and Swaminathan, A and Yarnall, K and Mammarappallil, J and Driehuys, B and Tighe, RM},
Title = {Hyperpolarized Xe-129 MRI Features Identify Functional
Differences That Do Not Correlate with Chest CT in Patients
with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {203},
Number = {9},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds359384}
}
@article{fds354349,
Author = {Coleman, EM and Mummy, D and Wang, Z and Bier, E and Womack, S and Korzekwinski, J and Mammarappallil, J and Driehuys, B and Huang,
YT},
Title = {Hyperpolarized Xe-129 MRI Identifies Ventilation Responders
to Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol Fumarate in Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {201},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds354349}
}
@article{fds359385,
Author = {Bier, E and Lu, J and Mummy, D and Mammarappallil, J and Palmer, S and Driehuys, B and Ali, HA},
Title = {Hyperpolarized Xe-129 MRI in the Imaging of Chronic Lung
Allograft Dysfunction},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {203},
Number = {9},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds359385}
}
@article{fds354351,
Author = {Niedbalski, PJ and Rankine, LJ and Bier, EA and Wang, Z and Driehuys, B and Tighe, RM and Cleveland, ZI},
Title = {Hyperpolarized Xe-129 MRI of Regional Capillary-Level
Cardio-Pulmonary Dynamics Predict Outcomes in IPF
Patients},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {201},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds354351}
}
@article{fds343486,
Author = {Mammarappallil, J and Coleman, E and He, M and Wang, Z and Bier, E and Nouls, J and Womack, S and Lee, Y and McAdams, H and Driehuys, B and Huang,
YT},
Title = {Identification of Gas Exchange Phenotypes Using
Hyperpolarized Xe-129 MRI in Patients with Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {199},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds343486}
}
@article{fds366457,
Author = {Mummy, D and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Illuminating Lung Inflammation at the Alveolar Capillary
Interface.},
Journal = {J Magn Reson Imaging},
Volume = {51},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1677-1678},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmri.27086},
Doi = {10.1002/jmri.27086},
Key = {fds366457}
}
@article{fds268661,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Cofer, GP and Pollaro, J and Mackel, JB and Hedlund, LW and Johnson, GA},
Title = {Imaging alveolar-capillary gas transfer using hyperpolarized
129Xe MRI.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {103},
Number = {48},
Pages = {18278-18283},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0027-8424},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17101964},
Keywords = {Animals • Erythrocytes • Magnetic Resonance
Imaging • Microcirculation • Oxygen • Rats
• Rats, Inbred F344 • Respiration* • Xenon
Isotopes • metabolism • metabolism* •
methods*},
Abstract = {Effective pulmonary gas exchange relies on the free
diffusion of gases across the thin tissue barrier separating
airspace from the capillary red blood cells (RBCs).
Pulmonary pathologies, such as inflammation, fibrosis, and
edema, which cause an increased blood-gas barrier thickness,
impair the efficiency of this exchange. However, definitive
assessment of such gas-exchange abnormalities is
challenging, because no methods currently exist to directly
image the gas transfer process. Here we exploit the
solubility and chemical shift of (129)Xe, the magnetic
resonance signal of which has been enhanced by 10(5) with
hyperpolarization, to differentially image its transfer from
the airspaces into the tissue barrier spaces and RBCs in the
gas exchange regions of the lung. Based on a simple
diffusion model, we estimate that this MR imaging method for
measuring (129)Xe alveolar-capillary transfer is sensitive
to changes in blood-gas barrier thickness of approximately 5
microm. We validate the successful separation of tissue
barrier and RBC images and show the utility of this method
in a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis where (129)Xe
replenishment of the RBCs is severely impaired in regions of
lung injury.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.0608458103},
Key = {fds268661}
}
@article{fds358886,
Author = {Huang, Y-CT and Wencker, M and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Imaging in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: a window into the
disease.},
Journal = {Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease},
Volume = {12_suppl},
Pages = {20406223211024523},
Year = {2021},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20406223211024523},
Abstract = {Imaging modalities such as plain chest radiograph and
computed tomography (CT) are important tools in the
assessment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) of any etiology. These methods facilitate
differential diagnoses and the assessment of individual lung
pathologies, such as the presence of emphysema, bullae, or
fibrosis. However, as emphysema is the core pathological
consequence in the lungs of patients with alpha-1
antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), and because AATD is
associated with the development of other lung pathologies
such as bronchiectasis, there is a greater need for patients
with AATD than those with non-AATD-related COPD to undergo
more detailed assessment using CT. In the field of AATD, CT
provides essential information regarding the presence,
distribution, and morphology of emphysema. In addition, it
offers the option to quantify the extent of emphysema. These
data have implications for treatment decisions such as
initiation of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) therapy, or
suitability for surgical or endoscopic interventions for
reducing lung volume. Furthermore, CT has provided vital
insight regarding the natural history of emphysema
progression in AATD, and CT densitometry has underpinned
research into the efficacy of AAT therapy. Moving forward,
hyperpolarized xenon gas (129Xe) lung magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) is emerging as a promising complement to CT by
adding comprehensive measures of regional lung function. It
also avoids the main disadvantage of CT: the associated
radiation. This chapter provides an overview of
technological aspects of imaging in AATD, as well as its
role in the management of patients and clinical research. In
addition, perspectives on the future potential role of lung
MRI in AATD are outlined.},
Doi = {10.1177/20406223211024523},
Key = {fds358886}
}
@article{fds268676,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Hedlund, LW},
Title = {Imaging techniques for small animal models of pulmonary
disease: MR microscopy.},
Journal = {Toxicologic Pathology},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-58},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0192-6233},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17325972},
Keywords = {Animals • Disease Models, Animal* • Helium •
Isotopes • Lung • Lung Diseases • Magnetic
Resonance Imaging • Mice • Microscopy* • Rats
• Respiratory Function Tests • Xenon Isotopes
• diagnosis* • diagnostic use •
instrumentation • methods • methods* •
pathology* • physiopathology},
Abstract = {In vivo magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) of the small
animal lung has become a valuable research tool, especially
for preclinical studies. MRM offers a noninvasive and
nondestructive tool for imaging small animals longitudinally
and at high spatial resolution. We summarize some of the
technical and biologic problems and solutions associated
with imaging the small animal lung and describe several
important pulmonary disease applications. A major advantage
of MR is direct imaging of the gas spaces of the lung using
breathable gases such as helium and xenon. When polarized,
these gases become rich MR signal sources. In animals
breathing hyperpolarized helium, the dynamics of gas
distribution can be followed and airway constrictions and
obstructions can be detected. Diffusion coefficients of
helium can be calculated from diffusion-sensitive images,
which can reveal micro-structural changes in the lungs
associated with pathologies such as emphysema and fibrosis.
Unlike helium, xenon in the lung is absorbed by blood and
exhibits different frequencies in gas, tissue, or
erythrocytes. Thus, with MR imaging, the movement of xenon
gas can be tracked through pulmonary compartments to detect
defects of gas transfer. MRM has become a valuable tool for
studying morphologic and functional changes in small animal
models of lung diseases.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/01926230601132048},
Key = {fds268676}
}
@article{fds268662,
Author = {Black, RD and Middleton, HL and Cates, GD and Cofer, GP and Driehuys, B and Happer, W and Hedlund, LW and Johnson, GA and Shattuck, MD and Swartz,
JC},
Title = {In vivo He-3 MR images of guinea pig lungs.},
Journal = {Radiology},
Volume = {199},
Number = {3},
Pages = {867-870},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0033-8419},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8638019},
Keywords = {Animals • Guinea Pigs • Helium • Lung •
Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Male • Radioisotopes
• anatomy & histology* • instrumentation •
methods* • statistics & numerical data},
Abstract = {The authors imaged the lungs of live guinea pigs with
hyperpolarized (HP) helium-3 as a magnetic resonance (MR)
signal source. HP He-3 gas produced through spin exchange
with rubidium metal vapor was delivered through an
MR-compatible, small-animal ventilator. Two- and
three-dimensional lung images acquired with
ventilation-gated, radial k-space sampling showed complete
ventilation of both lungs. All images were of high quality,
demonstrating that HP He-3 allows high-signal-intensity MR
imaging in living systems.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1148/radiology.199.3.8638019},
Key = {fds268662}
}
@article{fds268649,
Author = {Cleveland, ZI and Möller, HE and Hedlund, LW and Nouls, JC and Freeman,
MS and Qi, Y and Driehuys, B},
Title = {In vivo MR imaging of pulmonary perfusion and gas exchange
in rats via continuous extracorporeal infusion of
hyperpolarized 129Xe.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e31306},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22363613},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Hyperpolarized (HP) (129)Xe magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) permits high resolution, regional
visualization of pulmonary ventilation. Additionally, its
reasonably high solubility (>10%) and large chemical shift
range (>200 ppm) in tissues allow HP (129)Xe to serve as a
regional probe of pulmonary perfusion and gas transport,
when introduced directly into the vasculature. In earlier
work, vascular delivery was accomplished in rats by first
dissolving HP (129)Xe in a biologically compatible carrier
solution, injecting the solution into the vasculature, and
then detecting HP (129)Xe as it emerged into the alveolar
airspaces. Although easily implemented, this approach was
constrained by the tolerable injection volume and the
duration of the HP (129)Xe signal. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL
FINDINGS: Here, we overcome the volume and temporal
constraints imposed by injection, by using hydrophobic,
microporous, gas-exchange membranes to directly and
continuously infuse (129)Xe into the arterial blood of live
rats with an extracorporeal (EC) circuit. The resulting
gas-phase (129)Xe signal is sufficient to generate diffusive
gas exchange- and pulmonary perfusion-dependent, 3D MR
images with a nominal resolution of 2×2×2 mm(3). We also
show that the (129)Xe signal dynamics during EC infusion are
well described by an analytical model that incorporates both
mass transport into the blood and longitudinal relaxation.
CONCLUSIONS: Extracorporeal infusion of HP (129)Xe enables
rapid, 3D MR imaging of rat lungs and, when combined with
ventilation imaging, will permit spatially resolved studies
of the ventilation-perfusion ratio in small animals.
Moreover, EC infusion should allow (129)Xe to be delivered
elsewhere in the body and make possible functional and
molecular imaging approaches that are currently not feasible
using inhaled HP (129)Xe.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0031306},
Key = {fds268649}
}
@article{fds268666,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Pollaro, J and Cofer, GP},
Title = {In vivo MRI using real-time production of hyperpolarized
129Xe.},
Journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Volume = {60},
Number = {1},
Pages = {14-20},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18581406},
Keywords = {Animals • Computer Systems • Magnetic Resonance
Imaging* • Rats • Rats, Inbred F344 •
Spectrum Analysis • Xenon Isotopes* • diagnostic
use},
Abstract = {MR imaging of hyperpolarized (HP) nuclei is challenging
because they are typically delivered in a single dose of
nonrenewable magnetization, from which the entire image must
be derived. This problem can be overcome with HP (129)Xe,
which can be produced sufficiently rapidly to deliver in
dilute form (1%) continuously and on-demand. We demonstrate
a real-time in vivo delivery of HP (129)Xe mixture to rats,
a capability we now routinely use for setting frequency,
transmitter gain, shimming, testing pulse sequences, scout
imaging, and spectroscopy. Compared to images acquired using
conventional fully concentrated (129)Xe, real-time (129)Xe
images have 26-fold less signal, but clearly depict
ventilation abnormalities. Real-time (129)Xe MRI could be
useful for time-course studies involving acute injury or
response to treatment. Ultimately, real-time (129)Xe MRI
could be done with more highly concentrated (129)Xe, which
could increase the signal-to-noise ratio by 100 relative to
these results to enable a new class of gas imaging
applications.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.21651},
Key = {fds268666}
}
@article{fds268629,
Author = {KAMPWIRTH, RT and GRACE, JM and MILLER, DJ and MCDONALD, DB and GRAY,
KE and ANDERSEN, PH and DRIEHUYS, B and REITEN, M and ASCOLESE,
M},
Title = {INSITU GROWTH OF SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS OF BI SR CA CU O
USING MAGNETRON SPUTTERING},
Journal = {Science and Technology of Thin Film Superconductors
2},
Pages = {39-46},
Publisher = {PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP},
Editor = {MCCONNELL, RD and NOUFI, R},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-306-43803-8},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990BT68M00005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds268629}
}
@article{fds330572,
Author = {Rankine, LJ and Wang, Z and Driehuys, B and Kelsey, CR and Marks, LB and Das, SK},
Title = {Is Lung Ventilation Imaging a Reasonable Surrogate for Gas
Exchange? Implications for Functionally Guided Radiation
Therapy Planning},
Journal = {International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology,
Physics},
Volume = {99},
Number = {2},
Pages = {S109-S109},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.258},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.258},
Key = {fds330572}
}
@article{fds339927,
Author = {Tighe, RM and Rankine, L and Wang, Z and Wang, J and He, M and Rackley, C and McAdams, H and Mammarappallil, J and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Longitudinal Follow Up After Xe-129 MRI Scan; Potential to
Stratify Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Disease
Progression},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {197},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds339927}
}
@article{fds268668,
Author = {Möller, HE and Chawla, MS and Chen, XJ and Driehuys, B and Hedlund, LW and Wheeler, CT and Johnson, GA},
Title = {Magnetic resonance angiography with hyperpolarized 129Xe
dissolved in a lipid emulsion.},
Journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Volume = {41},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1058-1064},
Year = {1999},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10332890},
Keywords = {Abdomen • Animals • Artifacts • Blood Flow
Velocity • Blood Volume • Contrast Media* •
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy • Fat Emulsions,
Intravenous • Iliac Vein • Injections, Intravenous
• Lasers • Magnetic Resonance Angiography •
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy • Male • Pelvis
• Rats • Renal Veins • Signal Processing,
Computer-Assisted • Veins • Vena Cava, Inferior
• Xenon Isotopes* • administration & dosage •
anatomy & histology • blood supply • diagnostic
use* • methods*},
Abstract = {Hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe can be dissolved in biologically
compatible lipid emulsions while maintaining sufficient
polarization for in vivo vascular imaging. For xenon in
Intralipid 30%, in vitro spectroscopy at 2 T yielded a
chemical shift of 197 +/- 1 ppm with reference to xenon gas,
a spin-lattice relaxation time T1 = 25.3 +/- 2.1 sec, and a
T2* time constant of 37 +/- 5 msec. Angiograms of the
abdominal and pelvic veins in the rat obtained with 129Xe
MRI after intravenous injection of HP 129Xe/Intralipid 30%
into the tail demonstrated signal-to-noise ratios between 8
and 29. An analysis of the inflow effect on time-of-flight
images of two segments of the inferior vena cava yielded
additional information. The mean blood flow velocity was
34.7 +/- 1.0 mm/sec between the junction of the caudal veins
and the kidneys and 13.3 +/- 0.8 mm/sec at the position of
the diaphragm. The mean volume flow rates in these segments
were 7.2 +/- 3.4 ml/min and 11.0 +/- 2.8 ml/min,
respectively. Intravenous delivery of HP 129Xe dissolved in
a carrier may lead to novel biomedical applications of
laser-polarized gases.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/(sici)1522-2594(199905)41:5<1058::aid-mrm26>3.0.co;2},
Key = {fds268668}
}
@article{fds366456,
Author = {Niedbalski, PJ and Bier, EA and Wang, Z and Willmering, MM and Driehuys,
B and Cleveland, ZI},
Title = {Mapping cardiopulmonary dynamics within the microvasculature
of the lungs using dissolved 129Xe MRI.},
Journal = {J Appl Physiol (1985)},
Volume = {129},
Number = {2},
Pages = {218-229},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00186.2020},
Abstract = {Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and spectroscopy using
dissolved hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe have expanded the
ability to probe lung function regionally and noninvasively.
In particular, HP 129Xe imaging has been used to quantify
impaired gas uptake by the pulmonary tissues. Whole-lung
spectroscopy has also been used to assess global cardiogenic
oscillations in the MR signal intensity originating from
129Xe dissolved in the red blood cells of pulmonary
capillaries. Herein, we show that the magnitude of these
cardiogenic dynamics can be mapped three dimensionally using
radial MRI, because dissolved 129Xe dynamics are encoded
directly in the raw imaging data. Specifically, 1-point
Dixon imaging is combined with postacquisition keyhole image
reconstruction to assess regional blood volume fluctuations
within the pulmonary microvasculature throughout the cardiac
cycle. This "oscillation mapping" was applied in healthy
subjects (mean amplitude 9% of total RBC signal) and
patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; mean 4%)
and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF; mean 14%).
Whole-lung mean values from these oscillation maps
correlated strongly with spectroscopy and clinical pulmonary
function testing, but exhibited significant regional
heterogeneity, including gravitationally dependent gradients
in healthy subjects. Moreover, regional oscillations were
found to be sensitive to disease state. Greater percentages
of the lungs exhibit low-amplitude oscillations in PAH
patients, and longitudinal imaging shows high-amplitude
oscillations increase significantly over time (4-14 mo, P =
0.02) in IPF patients. This technique enables regional
dynamics within the pulmonary capillary bed to be measured,
and in doing so, provides insight into the origin and
progression of pathophysiology within the lung
microvasculature.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Spatially heterogeneous
abnormalities within the lung microvasculature contribute to
pathology in various cardiopulmonary diseases but are
difficult to assess noninvasively. Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI
is a noninvasive method to probe lung function, including
regional gas exchange between pulmonary air spaces and
capillaries. We show that cardiogenic oscillations in the
raw dissolved 129Xe MRI signal from pulmonary capillary red
blood cells can be imaged using a postacquisition
reconstruction technique, providing a new means of assessing
regional lung microvasculature function and disease
state.},
Doi = {10.1152/japplphysiol.00186.2020},
Key = {fds366456}
}
@article{fds268617,
Author = {Kaushik, SS and Freeman, MS and Yoon, SW and Liljeroth, MG and Stiles,
JV and Roos, JE and Foster, WM and Rackley, CR and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Measuring diffusion limitation with a perfusion-limited
gas--hyperpolarized 129Xe gas-transfer spectroscopy in
patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.},
Journal = {J Appl Physiol (1985)},
Volume = {117},
Number = {6},
Pages = {577-585},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {8750-7587},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00326.2014},
Abstract = {Although xenon is classically taught to be a
"perfusion-limited" gas, (129)Xe in its hyperpolarized (HP)
form, when detected by magnetic resonance (MR), can probe
diffusion limitation. Inhaled HP (129)Xe diffuses across the
pulmonary blood-gas barrier, and, depending on its tissue
environment, shifts its resonant frequency relative to the
gas-phase reference (0 ppm) by 198 ppm in tissue/plasma
barrier and 217 ppm in red blood cells (RBCs). In this work,
we hypothesized that in patients with idiopathic pulmonary
fibrosis (IPF), the ratio of (129)Xe spectroscopic signal in
the RBCs vs. barrier would diminish as diffusion-limitation
delayed replenishment of (129)Xe magnetization in RBCs. To
test this hypothesis, (129)Xe spectra were acquired in 6 IPF
subjects as well as 11 healthy volunteers to establish a
normal range. The RBC:barrier ratio was 0.55 ± 0.13 in
healthy volunteers but was 3.3-fold lower in IPF subjects
(0.16 ± 0.03, P = 0.0002). This was caused by a 52%
reduction in the RBC signal (P = 0.02) and a 58% increase in
the barrier signal (P = 0.01). Furthermore, the RBC:barrier
ratio strongly correlated with lung diffusing capacity for
carbon monoxide (DLCO) (r = 0.89, P < 0.0001). It exhibited
a moderate interscan variability (8.25%), and in healthy
volunteers it decreased with greater lung inflation (r =
-0.78, P = 0.005). This spectroscopic technique provides a
noninvasive, global probe of diffusion limitation and
gas-transfer impairment and forms the basis for developing
3D MR imaging of gas exchange.},
Doi = {10.1152/japplphysiol.00326.2014},
Key = {fds268617}
}
@article{fds268634,
Author = {MILLER, DJ and GRACE, JM and MCDONALD, DB and GRAY, KE and KAMPWIRTH,
RT and DRIEHUYS, B},
Title = {MICROSTRUCTURE OF SPUTTERED SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS OF
BI2SR2CACU2OX MADE BY LOW-TEMPERATURE, INSITU
GROWTH},
Journal = {High Temperature Superconducting Compounds
Ii},
Pages = {329-339},
Publisher = {MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC},
Editor = {WHANG, SH and DASGUPTA, A and LAIBOWITZ, R},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-87339-153-5},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990BS29Q00025&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds268634}
}
@article{fds268671,
Author = {Branca, RT and Cleveland, ZI and Fubara, B and Kumar, CSSR and Maronpot,
RR and Leuschner, C and Warren, WS and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Molecular MRI for sensitive and specific detection of lung
metastases.},
Journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A},
Volume = {107},
Number = {8},
Pages = {3693-3697},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1091-6490},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20142483},
Keywords = {Adenocarcinoma • Animals • Breast Neoplasms •
Female • Ferric Compounds • Helium • Humans
• Isotopes • Lung Neoplasms • Magnetic
Resonance Imaging • Male • Mice • Mice, Nude
• Nanoparticles • diagnosis* • diagnostic use
• methods* • pathology* •
secondary*},
Abstract = {Early and specific detection of metastatic cancer cells in
the lung (the most common organ targeted by metastases)
could significantly improve cancer treatment outcomes.
However, the most widespread lung imaging methods use
ionizing radiation and have low sensitivity and/or low
specificity for cancer cells. Here we address this problem
with an imaging method to detect submillimeter-sized
metastases with molecular specificity. Cancer cells are
targeted by iron oxide nanoparticles functionalized with
cancer-binding ligands, then imaged by high-resolution
hyperpolarized (3)He MRI. We demonstrate in vivo detection
of pulmonary micrometastates in mice injected with breast
adenocarcinoma cells. The method not only holds promise for
cancer imaging but more generally suggests a fundamentally
unique approach to molecular imaging in the
lungs.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1000386107},
Key = {fds268671}
}
@article{fds354352,
Author = {Rajagopal, S and Bier, E and Wang, Z and Parikh, K and Almeida-Peters,
S and Womack, S and Nouls, J and Mammarappallil, J and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Monitoring Response to Inhaled Prostacyclin Therapy with
(129)Xenon MR Imaging and Spectroscopy in Patients with
Pulmonary Hypertension},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {201},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds354352}
}
@article{fds268681,
Author = {Mugler, JP and Driehuys, B and Brookeman, JR and Cates, GD and Berr, SS and Bryant, RG and Daniel, TM and de Lange, EE and Downs, JH and Erickson,
CJ and Happer, W and Hinton, DP and Kassel, NF and Maier, T and Phillips,
CD and Saam, BT and Sauer, KL and Wagshul, ME},
Title = {MR imaging and spectroscopy using hyperpolarized 129Xe gas:
preliminary human results.},
Journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Volume = {37},
Number = {6},
Pages = {809-815},
Year = {1997},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9178229},
Keywords = {Adult • Brain • Female • Humans • Lung
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Magnetic Resonance
Spectroscopy • Male • Xenon Isotopes* •
anatomy & histology • methods*},
Abstract = {Using a new method of xenon laser-polarization that permits
the generation of liter quantities of hyperpolarized 129Xe
gas, the first 129Xe imaging results from the human chest
and the first 129Xe spectroscopy results from the human
chest and head have been obtained. With polarization levels
of approximately 2%, cross-sectional images of the lung
gas-spaces with a voxel volume of 0.9 cm3 (signal-to-noise
ratio (SNR), 28) were acquired and three dissolved-phase
resonances in spectra from the chest were detected. In
spectra from the head, one prominent dissolved-phase
resonance, presumably from brain parenchyma, was detected.
With anticipated improvements in the 129Xe polarization
system, pulse sequences, RF coils, and breathing maneuvers,
these results suggest the possibility for 129Xe gas-phase
imaging of the lungs with a resolution approaching that of
current conventional thoracic proton imaging. Moreover, the
results suggest the feasibility of dissolved-phase imaging
of both the chest and brain with a resolution similar to
that obtained with the gas-phase images.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.1910370602},
Key = {fds268681}
}
@article{fds367238,
Author = {O'Sullivan-Murphy, B and Driehuys, B and Mammarappallil,
J},
Title = {MR Imaging for the Evaluation of Diffuse Lung Disease: Where
Are We?},
Journal = {Radiol Clin North Am},
Volume = {60},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1021-1032},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcl.2022.06.007},
Abstract = {Patients with diffuse lung diseases require thorough medical
and social history and physical examinations, coupled with a
multitude of laboratory tests, pulmonary function tests, and
radiologic imaging to discern and manage the specific
disease. This review summarizes the current state of imaging
of various diffuse lung diseases by hyperpolarized MR
imaging. The potential of hyperpolarized MR imaging as a
clinical tool is outlined as a novel imaging approach that
enables further understanding of the cause of diffuse lung
diseases, permits earlier detection of disease progression
before that found with pulmonary function tests, and can
delineate physiologic response to lung therapies.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.rcl.2022.06.007},
Key = {fds367238}
}
@article{fds341759,
Author = {Ebner, L and Virgincar, RS and He, M and Choudhury, KR and Robertson,
SH and Christe, A and Mileto, A and Mammarapallil, JG and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B and Roos, JE},
Title = {Multireader Determination of Clinically Significant
Obstruction Using Hyperpolarized 129Xe-Ventilation
MRI.},
Journal = {Ajr. American Journal of Roentgenology},
Volume = {212},
Number = {4},
Pages = {758-765},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.18.20036},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to identify the
magnitude and distribution of ventilation defect scores
(VDSs) derived from hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe-MRI associated
with clinically relevant airway obstruction. MATERIALS AND
METHODS: From 2012 to 2015, 76 subjects underwent HP
129Xe-MRI (48 healthy volunteers [mean age ± SD, 54 ± 17
years]; 20 patients with asthma [mean age, 44 ± 20 years];
eight patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
[mean age, 67 ± 5 years]). All subjects underwent
spirometry 1 day before MRI to establish the presence of
airway obstruction (forced expiratory volume in 1
second-to-forced vital capacity ratio [FEV1/FVC] < 70%).
Five blinded readers assessed the degree of ventilation
impairment and assigned a VDS (range, 0-100%). Interreader
agreement was assessed using the Fleiss kappa statistic.
Using FEV1/FVC as the reference standard, the optimum VDS
threshold for the detection of airway obstruction was
estimated using ROC curve analysis with 10-fold
cross-validation. RESULTS: Compared with the VDSs in healthy
subjects, VDSs in patients with airway obstruction were
significantly higher (p < 0.0001) and significantly
correlated with disease severity (r = 0.66, p < 0.0001).
Ventilation defects in subjects with airway obstruction did
not show a location-specific pattern (p = 0.158); however,
defects in healthy control subjects were more prevalent in
the upper lungs (p = 0.014). ROC curve analysis yielded an
optimal threshold of 12.4% ± 6.1% (mean ± SD) for
clinically significant VDS. Interreader agreement for
129Xe-MRI was substantial (κ = 0.71). CONCLUSION: This
multireader study of a diverse cohort of patients and
control subjects suggests a 129Xe-ventilation MRI VDS of
12.4% or greater represents clinically significant
obstruction.},
Doi = {10.2214/AJR.18.20036},
Key = {fds341759}
}
@article{fds341758,
Author = {Mammarappallil, JG and Rankine, L and Wild, JM and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {New Developments in Imaging Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
With Hyperpolarized Xenon Magnetic Resonance
Imaging.},
Journal = {J Thorac Imaging},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {136-150},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000392},
Abstract = {Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive
pulmonary disease that is ultimately fatal. Although the
diagnosis of IPF has been revolutionized by high-resolution
computed tomography, this imaging modality still exhibits
significant limitations, particularly in assessing disease
progression and therapy response. The need for noninvasive
regional assessment has become more acute in light of
recently introduced novel therapies and numerous others in
the pipeline. Thus, it will likely be valuable to complement
3-dimensional imaging of lung structure with 3-dimensional
regional assessment of function. This challenge is well
addressed by hyperpolarized (HP) Xe magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI), exploiting the unique properties of this
inert gas to image its distribution, not only in the
airspaces, but also in the interstitial barrier tissues and
red blood cells. This single-breath imaging exam could
ultimately become the ideal, noninvasive tool to assess
pulmonary gas-exchange impairment in IPF. This review
article will detail the evolution of HP Xe MRI from its
early development to its current state as a clinical
research platform. It will detail the key imaging biomarkers
that can be generated from the Xe MRI examination, as well
as their potential in IPF for diagnosis, prognosis, and
assessment of therapeutic response. We conclude by
discussing the types of studies that must be performed for
HP Xe MRI to be incorporated into the IPF clinical algorithm
and begin to positively impact IPF disease diagnosis and
management.},
Doi = {10.1097/RTI.0000000000000392},
Key = {fds341758}
}
@article{fds268689,
Author = {Ruppert, K and Brookeman, JR and Hagspiel, KD and Driehuys, B and Mugler, JP},
Title = {NMR of hyperpolarized (129)Xe in the canine chest: spectral
dynamics during a breath-hold.},
Journal = {Nmr in Biomedicine},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {220-228},
Year = {2000},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0952-3480},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10867700},
Keywords = {Animals • Dogs • Female • Lung •
Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Magnetic Resonance
Spectroscopy • Male • Respiratory Function Tests
• Respiratory Mechanics* • Time Factors •
Xenon Radioisotopes* • methods •
physiology*},
Abstract = {One of the major goals of hyperpolarized-gas MR imaging has
been to obtain (129)Xe dissolved-phase images in humans.
Since the dissolved-phase signal is much weaker than the
gas-phase signal, highly optimized MR pulse sequences are
required to obtain adequate images during a single
breath-hold. In particular, a solid understanding of the
temporal dynamics of xenon as it passes from the lung gas
spaces into the parenchyma, the blood and other downstream
compartments is absolutely essential. Spectroscopy
experiments were performed in the canine chest to elucidate
the behavior of xenon exchange in the lung. The experiments
covered a time range from 1 ms to 9 s and therefore
considerably extend the data currently available in the
literature. It was found that the integrals of the
dissolved-phase resonances approached plateau values within
approximately 200 ms, and then increased again after
approximately 1 s. This behavior suggests an early
saturation of the parenchyma before xenon reaches downstream
compartments. Mono-exponential recovery curves with time
constants on the order of 100 ms were fit to the data. These
results potentially provide information on several
underlying physiological parameters of the lung, including
the parenchymal and blood volumes as well as the diffusion
properties of lung tissue.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/1099-1492(200006)13:4<220::aid-nbm638>3.0.co;2-f},
Key = {fds268689}
}
@article{fds366458,
Author = {Swaminathan, A and Bier, E and Nouls, J and Kennedy, K and Womack, S and Almeida-Peters, S and Driehuys, B and Rajagopal,
S},
Title = {Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Pulmonary Vascular Disease Using
Inhaled 129-XenonMRI},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {138},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds366458}
}
@article{fds354355,
Author = {Bier, EA and Alenezi, F and Lu, J and Wang, Z and Mammarappallil, JG and O'Sullivan-Murphy, B and Erkanli, A and Driehuys, B and Rajagopal,
S},
Title = {Noninvasive diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension with
hyperpolarised 129Xe magnetic resonance imaging and
spectroscopy.},
Journal = {Erj Open Research},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {35-2022},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00035-2022},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH)
remains challenging. Pre- and post-capillary PH have
different signatures on noninvasive 129Xe gas-exchange
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dynamic MR spectroscopy
(MRS). We tested the accuracy of 129Xe MRI/MRS to diagnose
PH status compared to right heart catheterisation (RHC).
METHODS: 129Xe MRI/MRS from 93 subjects was used to develop
a diagnostic algorithm, which was tested in 32 patients
undergoing RHC on the same day (n=20) or within 5 months
(42±40 days) (n=12). Three expert readers, blinded to
RHC, used 129Xe MRI/MRS to classify subjects as
pre-capillary PH, post-capillary PH, no PH and no
interstitial lung disease (ILD), or ILD. RESULTS: For
pre-capillary PH, 129Xe MRI/MRS diagnostic accuracy was 75%
(95% CI 66-84) with a sensitivity of 67% (95% CI 54-79) and
a specificity of 86% (95% CI 75-96); for post-capillary PH
accuracy was 69% (95% CI 59-78) with sensitivity of 54% (95%
CI 34-74) and specificity of 74% (95% CI 63-84). The model
performed well in straightforward cases of pre-capillary PH
but was less accurate in its diagnosis in the presence of
mixed disease, particularly in the presence of ILD or
combined post- and pre-capillary PH. CONCLUSION: This study
demonstrates the potential to develop 129Xe MRI/MRS into a
modality with good accuracy in detecting pre- and
post-capillary PH. Furthermore, the combination of 129Xe
dynamic MRS and gas-exchange MRI uniquely provide
concurrent, noninvasive assessment of both haemodynamics and
gas-exchange impairment that may aid in the detection of
PH.},
Doi = {10.1183/23120541.00035-2022},
Key = {fds354355}
}
@article{fds326238,
Author = {Mahmood, K and Ebner, L and He, M and Robertson, SH and Wang, Z and McAdams, HP and Wahidi, MM and Shofer, SL and Huang, YT and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Bronchial
Stenosis in Lung Transplant Recipients.},
Journal = {Am J Transplant},
Volume = {17},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1895-1904},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajt.14287},
Abstract = {Bronchial stenosis in lung transplant recipients is a common
disorder that adversely affects clinical outcomes. It is
evaluated by spirometry, CT scanning, and bronchoscopy with
significant limitations. We hypothesize that MRI using both
ultrashort echo time (UTE) scans and hyperpolarized (HP) 129
Xe gas can offer structural and functional assessment of
bronchial stenosis seen after lung transplantation. Six
patients with lung transplantation-related bronchial
stenosis underwent HP 129 Xe MRI and UTE MRI in the same
session. Three patients subsequently underwent airway stent
placement and had repeated MRI at 4-week follow-up. HP 129
Xe MRI depicted decreased ventilation distal to the stenotic
airway. After airway stent placement, MRI showed that
low-ventilation regions had decreased (35% vs. 27.6%, p =
0.006) and normal-ventilation regions had increased (17.9%
vs. 27.6%, p = 0.04) in the stented lung. Improved gas
transfer was also seen on 129 Xe MRI. There was a good
correlation between UTE MRI and independent bronchoscopic
airway diameter assessment (Pearson correlation coefficient
= 0.92). This pilot study shows that UTE and HP 129 Xe MRI
are feasible in patients with bronchial stenosis related to
lung transplantation and may provide structural and
functional airway assessment to guide treatment. These
conclusions need to be confirmed with larger
studies.},
Doi = {10.1111/ajt.14287},
Key = {fds326238}
}
@article{fds300329,
Author = {Robertson, SH and Virgincar, RS and He, M and Freeman, MS and Kaushik,
SS and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Optimizing 3D noncartesian gridding reconstruction for
hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI-focus on preclinical
applications},
Journal = {Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4},
Pages = {190-202},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1546-6086},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cmr.a.21352},
Abstract = {The goal of this work is to characterize and optimize
gridding reconstruction of 3D radial hyperpolarized (HP)
129Xe MRI. In support of this objective, we developed a
flexible, open source reconstruction software package in
MATLAB to optimally reconstruct radially acquired,
undersampled HP 129Xe MRI. Using this framework, we
demonstrate the effects of 5 key reconstruction parameters:
overgridding, gridding kernel function, kernel sharpness,
kernel extent, and the density compensation algorithm. We
further demonstrate how each parameter can be tuned to
optimize a high-resolution 3D radially acquired HP 129Xe
image of a ventilated mouse. Specifically, wrap-around
artifact, caused by non-selective RF excitation of signal in
the trachea, was eliminated by overgridding onto a finely
spaced k-space grid; high-frequency aliasing was reduced
using iterative density compensation; image SNR and
sharpness were optimized by tuning kernel sharpness; and
computational burden was minimized by defining an
appropriate kernel extent. Compared to our previous
reconstruction methods, this optimized method extended
visualization from the 5th to 6th generation of mouse
airway, while maintaining comparable SNR. Although optimized
here for preclinical mouse MRI, this work suggests that 3D
radial acquisition offers many broader advantages to
undersampled HP gas MRI. Using the methods presented here,
we maintained image quality across datasets acquired with
various degrees of undersampling and differing SNR by
adjusting only a single parameter. These methods are now
available to optimize radially acquired hyperpolarized gas
images in both the clinical and preclinical
arena.},
Doi = {10.1002/cmr.a.21352},
Key = {fds300329}
}
@article{fds362374,
Author = {Willmering, MM and Walkup, LL and Niedbalski, PJ and Wang, H and Wang,
Z and Hysinger, EB and Myers, KC and Towe, CT and Driehuys, B and Cleveland, ZI and Woods, JC},
Title = {Pediatric 129 Xe Gas-Transfer MRI-Feasibility and
Applicability.},
Journal = {J Magn Reson Imaging},
Volume = {56},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1207-1219},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmri.28136},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: 129 Xe gas-transfer MRI provides regional
measures of pulmonary gas exchange in adults and separates
xenon in interstitial lung tissue/plasma (barrier) from
xenon in red blood cells (RBCs). The technique has yet to be
demonstrated in pediatric populations or conditions.
PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: To perform an exploratory analysis of
129 Xe gas-transfer MRI in children. STUDY TYPE:
Prospective. POPULATION: Seventy-seven human volunteers (38
males, age = 17.7 ± 15.1 years, range 5-68 years,
16 healthy). Four pediatric disease cohorts. FIELD
STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3-T, three-dimensional-radial one-point
Dixon Fast Field Echo (FFE) Ultrashort Echo Time (UTE).
ASSESSMENT: Breath hold compliance was assessed by
quantitative signal-to-noise and dynamic metrics. Whole-lung
means and standard deviations were extracted from
gas-transfer maps. Gas-transfer metrics were investigated
with respect to age and lung disease. Clinical pulmonary
function tests were retrospectively acquired for reference
lung disease severity. STATISTICAL TESTS: Wilcoxon rank-sum
tests to compare age and disease cohorts, Wilcoxon
signed-rank tests to compare pre- and post-breath hold
vitals, Pearson correlations between age and gas-transfer
metrics, and limits of normal with a binomial exact test to
compare fraction of subjects with abnormal gas-transfer.
P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Eighty
percentage of pediatric subjects successfully completed 129
Xe gas-transfer MRI. Gas-transfer parameters differed
between healthy children and adults, including ventilation
(0.75 and 0.67) and RBC:barrier ratio (0.31 and 0.46) which
also correlated with age (ρ = -0.76, 0.57, respectively).
Bone marrow transplant subjects had impaired ventilation
(90% of reference) and increased dissolved 129 Xe standard
deviation (242%). Bronchopulmonary dysplasia subjects had
decreased barrier-uptake (69%). Cystic fibrosis subjects had
impaired ventilation (91%) and increased RBC-transfer
(146%). Lastly, childhood interstitial lung disease subjects
had increased ventilation heterogeneity (113%). Limits of
normal provided detection of abnormalities in additional
gas-transfer parameters. DATA CONCLUSION: Pediatric 129 Xe
gas-transfer MRI was adequately successful and gas-transfer
metrics correlated with age. Exploratory analysis revealed
abnormalities in a variety of pediatric obstructive and
restrictive lung diseases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2 TECHNICAL
EFFICACY STAGE: 2.},
Doi = {10.1002/jmri.28136},
Key = {fds362374}
}
@article{fds363913,
Author = {Matheson, AM and McIntosh, MJ and Kooner, HK and Lee, J and Desaigoudar,
V and Bier, E and Driehuys, B and Svenningsen, S and Santyr, GE and Kirby,
M and Albert, MS and Shepelytskyi, Y and Grynko, V and Ouriadov, A and Abdelrazek, M and Dhaliwal, I and Nicholson, JM and Parraga,
G},
Title = {Persistent 129Xe MRI Pulmonary and CT Vascular Abnormalities
in Symptomatic Individuals with Post-acute COVID-19
Syndrome.},
Journal = {Radiology},
Volume = {305},
Number = {2},
Pages = {466-476},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.220492},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: In patients with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
(PACS), abnormal gas-transfer and pulmonary vascular density
have been reported, but such findings have not been related
to each other or to symptoms and exercise limitation. The
pathophysiologic drivers of PACS in patients previously
infected with COVID-19 who were admitted to in-patient
treatment in hospital (or ever-hospitalized patients) and
never-hospitalized patients are not well understood.
PURPOSE: To determine the relationship of persistent
symptoms and exercise limitation with xenon 129 (129Xe) MRI
and CT pulmonary vascular measurements in individuals with
PACS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study,
patients with PACS aged 18-80 years with a positive
polymerase chain reaction COVID-19 test were recruited from
a quaternary-care COVID-19 clinic between April and October
2021. Participants with PACS underwent spirometry, diffusing
capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLco), 129Xe MRI,
and chest CT. Healthy controls had no prior history of
COVID-19 and underwent spirometry, DLco, and 129Xe MRI. The
129Xe MRI red blood cell (RBC) to alveolar-barrier signal
ratio, RBC area under the receiver operating characteristic
curve (AUC), CT volume of pulmonary vessels with
cross-sectional area 5 mm2 or smaller (BV5), and total blood
volume were quantified. St George's Respiratory
Questionnaire, International Physical Activity
Questionnaire, and modified Borg Dyspnea Scale measured
quality of life, exercise limitation, and dyspnea.
Differences between groups were compared with use of Welch
t-tests or Welch analysis of variance. Relationships were
evaluated with use of Pearson (r) and Spearman (ρ)
correlations. RESULTS: Forty participants were evaluated,
including six controls (mean age ± SD, 35 years ± 15,
three women) and 34 participants with PACS (mean age, 53
years ± 13, 18 women), of whom 22 were never hospitalized.
The 129Xe MRI RBC:barrier ratio was lower in
ever-hospitalized participants (P = .04) compared to
controls. BV5 correlated with RBC AUC (ρ = .44, P = .03).
The 129Xe MRI RBC:barrier ratio was related to DLco (r =
.57, P = .002) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (ρ
= .35, P = .03); RBC AUC was related to dyspnea (ρ = -.35,
P = .04) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire
score (ρ = .45, P = .02). CONCLUSION: Xenon 129 (129Xe) MRI
measurements were lower in participants previously infected
with COVID-19 who were admitted to in-patient treatment in
hospital with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, 34 weeks ± 25
after infection compared to controls. The 129Xe MRI measures
were associated with CT pulmonary vascular density,
diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, exercise
capacity, and dyspnea. Clinical trial registration no.:
NCT04584671 © RSNA, 2022 Online supplemental material is
available for this article See also the editorial by Wild
and Collier in this issue.},
Doi = {10.1148/radiol.220492},
Key = {fds363913}
}
@article{fds354353,
Author = {Shim, YM and Mata, J and Hartwig, M and Nakahodo, AA and West, K and Emami,
K and Wadehra, N and Cleveland, ZI and Walkup, L and Woods, JC and Dusek,
A and Mugler, J and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Positive Results from Two Randomized Phase III Trials
Assessing Hyperpolarized (129)Xenon Gas MRI as a Measure of
Regional Lung Function as Compared to Imaging with
(133)Xenon Scintigraphy},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {201},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds354353}
}
@article{fds268647,
Author = {Couture, AH and Clegg, TB and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Pressure shifts and broadening of the Cs D1 and D2 lines by
He, N2, and Xe at densities used for optical pumping and
spin exchange polarization},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
Volume = {104},
Number = {9},
Pages = {094912-094912},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0021-8979},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3018181},
Abstract = {The production of hyperpolarized gases by spin-exchange
optical pumping (SEOP) requires exact knowledge of the
alkali metal's D1 absorption profile and the degree to which
it is broadened and shifted by varying buffer gas
composition and pressure. We have measured these parameters
for cesium (Cs) in the presence of Xe, N2, and H4 e
perturber gases at densities up to 10 amagats. The effects
of these gases are important as Cs is attracting increasing
interest for SEOP applications. Our measurements were made
using simple white-light illumination of the Cs vapor while
characterizing the D1 (6 S1/2 to 6 P1/2) and D2 (6 S1/2 to 6
P3/2) resonances using a high-resolution optical
spectrometer. For the Cs D1 resonance at T=120 °C, we
report shifts from the 894.59 nm vacuum wavelength caused by
H3 e, H4 e, N2, and Xe of -0.017±0.003, -0.013±0.002,
0.026±0.002, and 0.029±0.002 nm/amagat. We also report the
shifts for the D2 resonance as well as pressure broadening
coefficients for both resonances. © 2008 American Institute
of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3018181},
Key = {fds268647}
}
@article{fds325125,
Author = {Cleveland, ZI and Freeman, M and Qi, Y and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Probing Diffusive Gas Uptake In Mice Using Hyperpolarized
129xe Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy And
Imaging},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {187},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds325125}
}
@article{fds268626,
Author = {Kaushik, SS and Freeman, MS and Cleveland, ZI and Davies, J and Stiles,
J and Virgincar, RS and Robertson, SH and He, M and Kelly, KT and Foster,
WM and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Probing the regional distribution of pulmonary gas exchange
through single-breath gas- and dissolved-phase 129Xe MR
imaging.},
Journal = {J Appl Physiol (1985)},
Volume = {115},
Number = {6},
Pages = {850-860},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23845983},
Abstract = {Although some central aspects of pulmonary function
(ventilation and perfusion) are known to be heterogeneous,
the distribution of diffusive gas exchange remains poorly
characterized. A solution is offered by hyperpolarized 129Xe
magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, because this gas can be
separately detected in the lung's air spaces and dissolved
in its tissues. Early dissolved-phase 129Xe images exhibited
intensity gradients that favored the dependent lung. To
quantitatively corroborate this finding, we developed an
interleaved, three-dimensional radial sequence to image the
gaseous and dissolved 129Xe distributions in the same
breath. These images were normalized and divided to
calculate "129Xe gas-transfer" maps. We hypothesized that,
for healthy volunteers, 129Xe gas-transfer maps would retain
the previously observed posture-dependent gradients. This
was tested in nine subjects: when the subjects were supine,
129Xe gas transfer exhibited a posterior-anterior gradient
of -2.00 ± 0.74%/cm; when the subjects were prone, the
gradient reversed to 1.94 ± 1.14%/cm (P < 0.001). The 129Xe
gas-transfer maps also exhibited significant heterogeneity,
as measured by the coefficient of variation, that correlated
with subject total lung capacity (r = 0.77, P = 0.015).
Gas-transfer intensity varied nonmonotonically with slice
position and increased in slices proximal to the main
pulmonary arteries. Despite substantial heterogeneity, the
mean gas transfer for all subjects was 1.00 ± 0.01 while
supine and 1.01 ± 0.01 while prone (P = 0.25), indicating
good "matching" between gas- and dissolved-phase
distributions. This study demonstrates that single-breath
gas- and dissolved-phase 129Xe MR imaging yields 129Xe
gas-transfer maps that are sensitive to altered gas exchange
caused by differences in lung inflation and
posture.},
Doi = {10.1152/japplphysiol.00092.2013},
Key = {fds268626}
}
@article{fds359060,
Author = {Niedbalski, PJ and Hall, CS and Castro, M and Eddy, RL and Rayment, JH and Svenningsen, S and Parraga, G and Zanette, B and Santyr, GE and Thomen,
RP and Stewart, NJ and Collier, GJ and Chan, H-F and Wild, JM and Fain, SB and Miller, GW and Mata, JF and Mugler, JP and Driehuys, B and Willmering,
MM and Cleveland, ZI and Woods, JC},
Title = {Protocols for multi-site trials using hyperpolarized 129 Xe
MRI for imaging of ventilation, alveolar-airspace size, and
gas exchange: A position paper from the 129 Xe MRI clinical
trials consortium.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {86},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2966-2986},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.28985},
Abstract = {Hyperpolarized (HP) 129 Xe MRI uniquely images pulmonary
ventilation, gas exchange, and terminal airway morphology
rapidly and safely, providing novel information not possible
using conventional imaging modalities or pulmonary function
tests. As such, there is mounting interest in expanding the
use of biomarkers derived from HP 129 Xe MRI as outcome
measures in multi-site clinical trials across a range of
pulmonary disorders. Until recently, HP 129 Xe MRI
techniques have been developed largely independently at a
limited number of academic centers, without harmonizing
acquisition strategies. To promote uniformity and adoption
of HP 129 Xe MRI more widely in translational research,
multi-site trials, and ultimately clinical practice, this
position paper from the 129 Xe MRI Clinical Trials
Consortium (https://cpir.cchmc.org/XeMRICTC) recommends
standard protocols to harmonize methods for image
acquisition in HP 129 Xe MRI. Recommendations are described
for the most common HP gas MRI techniques-calibration,
ventilation, alveolar-airspace size, and gas exchange-across
MRI scanner manufacturers most used for this application.
Moreover, recommendations are described for 129 Xe dose
volumes and breath-hold standardization to further foster
consistency of imaging studies. The intention is that sites
with HP 129 Xe MRI capabilities can readily implement these
methods to obtain consistent high-quality images that
provide regional insight into lung structure and function.
While this document represents consensus at a snapshot in
time, a roadmap for technical developments is provided that
will further increase image quality and efficiency. These
standardized dosing and imaging protocols will facilitate
the wider adoption of HP 129 Xe MRI for multi-site pulmonary
research.},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.28985},
Key = {fds359060}
}
@article{fds361780,
Author = {Kooner, HK and McIntosh, MJ and Desaigoudar, V and Rayment, JH and Eddy,
RL and Driehuys, B and Parraga, G},
Title = {Pulmonary functional MRI: Detecting the structure-function
pathologies that drive asthma symptoms and quality of
life.},
Journal = {Respirology},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {114-133},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/resp.14197},
Abstract = {Pulmonary functional MRI (PfMRI) using inhaled
hyperpolarized, radiation-free gases (such as 3 He and 129
Xe) provides a way to directly visualize inhaled gas
distribution and ventilation defects (or ventilation
heterogeneity) in real time with high spatial (~mm3 )
resolution. Both gases enable quantitative measurement of
terminal airway morphology, while 129 Xe uniquely enables
imaging the transfer of inhaled gas across the
alveolar-capillary tissue barrier to the red blood cells. In
patients with asthma, PfMRI abnormalities have been shown to
reflect airway smooth muscle dysfunction, airway
inflammation and remodelling, luminal occlusions and airway
pruning. The method is rapid (8-15 s), cost-effective
(~$300/scan) and very well tolerated in patients, even in
those who are very young or very ill, because unlike
computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography and
single-photon emission CT, there is no ionizing radiation
and the examination takes only a few seconds. However, PfMRI
is not without limitations, which include the requirement of
complex image analysis, specialized equipment and additional
training and quality control. We provide an overview of the
three main applications of hyperpolarized noble gas MRI in
asthma research including: (1) inhaled gas distribution or
ventilation imaging, (2) alveolar microstructure and finally
(3) gas transfer into the alveolar-capillary tissue space
and from the tissue barrier into red blood cells in the
pulmonary microvasculature. We highlight the evidence that
supports a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of asthma
worsening over time and the pathologies responsible for
symptoms and disease control. We conclude with a summary of
approaches that have the potential for integration into
clinical workflows and that may be used to guide
personalized treatment planning.},
Doi = {10.1111/resp.14197},
Key = {fds361780}
}
@article{fds354346,
Author = {Rankine, LJ and Wang, Z and Bier, E and Kelsey, CR and Marks, LB and Driehuys, B and Das, SK},
Title = {Pulmonary Gas Exchange-guided Functional Avoidance Treatment
Planning for Thoracic Radiation Therapy Using Hyperpolarized
Xe-129 Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
Journal = {International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology,
Physics},
Volume = {108},
Number = {3},
Pages = {S102-S103},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds354346}
}
@article{fds268680,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Möller, HE and Cleveland, ZI and Pollaro, J and Hedlund, LW},
Title = {Pulmonary perfusion and xenon gas exchange in rats: MR
imaging with intravenous injection of hyperpolarized
129Xe.},
Journal = {Radiology},
Volume = {252},
Number = {2},
Pages = {386-393},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0033-8419},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000268875900011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To develop and demonstrate a method for regional
evaluation of pulmonary perfusion and gas exchange based on
intravenous injection of hyperpolarized xenon 129 ((129)Xe)
and subsequent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the
gas-phase (129)Xe emerging in the alveolar airspaces.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five Fischer 344 rats that weighed
200-425 g were prepared for imaging according to an
institutional animal care and use committee-approved
protocol. Rats were ventilated, and a 3-F catheter was
placed in the jugular (n = 1) or a 24-gauge catheter in the
tail (n = 4) vein. Imaging and spectroscopy of gas-phase
(129)Xe were performed after injecting 5 mL of half-normal
saline saturated with (129)Xe hyperpolarized to 12%.
Corresponding ventilation images were obtained during
conventional inhalation delivery of hyperpolarized (129)Xe.
RESULTS: Injections of (129)Xe-saturated saline were well
tolerated and produced a strong gas-phase (129)Xe signal in
the airspaces that resulted from (129)Xe transport through
the pulmonary circulation and diffusion across the blood-gas
barrier. After a single injection, the emerging (129)Xe gas
could be detected separately from (129)Xe remaining in the
blood and was imaged with an in-plane resolution of 1 x 1 mm
and a signal-to-noise ratio of 25. Images in one rat
revealed a matched ventilation-perfusion deficit, while
images in another rat showed that xenon gas exchange was
temporarily impaired after saline overload, with recovery of
function 1 hour later. CONCLUSION: MR imaging of gas-phase
(129)Xe emerging in the pulmonary airspaces after
intravenous injection has the potential to become a
sensitive and minimally invasive new tool for regional
evaluation of pulmonary perfusion and gas exchange.
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL: http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/full/2513081550/DC1.},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1148/radiol.2513081550},
Key = {fds268680}
}
@article{fds358885,
Author = {Rankine, L and Wang, Z and Bier, E and Kelsey, C and Das, S and Marks, L and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Quantifying Radiation-Induced Lung Injury as a Function of
Regional Radiation Therapy Dose Using Hyperpolarized-129Xe
MRI},
Journal = {Medical Physics},
Volume = {48},
Number = {6},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds358885}
}
@article{fds349543,
Author = {Virgincar, RS and Nouls, JC and Wang, Z and Degan, S and Qi, Y and Xiong,
X and Rajagopal, S and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Quantitative 129Xe MRI detects early impairment of
gas-exchange in a rat model of pulmonary
hypertension.},
Journal = {Scientific Reports},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7385},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64361-1},
Abstract = {Hyperpolarized 129Xe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is
capable of regional mapping of pulmonary gas-exchange and
has found application in a wide range of pulmonary disorders
in humans and animal model analogs. This study is the first
application of 129Xe MRI to the monocrotaline rat model of
pulmonary hypertension. Such models of preclinical pulmonary
hypertension, a disease of the pulmonary vasculature that
results in right heart failure and death, are usually
assessed with invasive procedures such as right heart
catheterization and histopathology. The work here adapted
from protocols from clinical 129Xe MRI to enable preclinical
imaging of rat models of pulmonary hypertension on a Bruker
7 T scanner. 129Xe spectroscopy and gas-exchange imaging
showed reduced 129Xe uptake by red blood cells early in the
progression of the disease, and at a later time point was
accompanied by increased uptake by barrier tissues, edema,
and ventilation defects-all of which are salient
characteristics of the monocrotaline model. Imaging results
were validated by H&E histology, which showed evidence of
remodeling of arterioles. This proof-of-concept study has
demonstrated that hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI has strong
potential to be used to non-invasively monitor the
progression of pulmonary hypertension in preclinical models
and potentially to also assess response to
therapy.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-64361-1},
Key = {fds349543}
}
@article{fds325126,
Author = {Virgincar, RS and Nouls, J and He, M and Kaushik, SS and Potts, E and Foster, WM and Slipetz, DM and Hedlund, L and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Quantitative Analysis Of 3he And 1h Mr Images Of Regional
Pulmonary Injury In House-Dust-Mite Allergic
Mice},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {187},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds325126}
}
@article{fds326237,
Author = {Wang, Z and Robertson, SH and Wang, J and He, M and Virgincar, RS and Schrank, GM and Bier, EA and Rajagopal, S and Huang, YC and O'Riordan,
TG and Rackley, CR and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Quantitative analysis of hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas transfer
MRI.},
Journal = {Med Phys},
Volume = {44},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2415-2428},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mp.12264},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Hyperpolarized 129 Xe magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) using Dixon-based decomposition enables single-breath
imaging of 129 Xe in the airspaces, interstitial barrier
tissues, and red blood cells (RBCs). However, methods to
quantitatively visualize information from these images of
pulmonary gas transfer are lacking. Here, we introduce a
novel method to transform these data into quantitative maps
of pulmonary ventilation, and 129 Xe gas transfer to barrier
and RBC compartments. METHODS: A total of 13 healthy
subjects and 12 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) subjects
underwent thoracic 1 H MRI and hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI
with one-point Dixon decomposition to obtain images of 129
Xe in airspaces, barrier and red blood cells (RBCs). 129 Xe
images were processed into quantitative binning maps of all
three compartments using thresholds based on the mean and
standard deviations of distributions derived from the
healthy reference cohort. Binning maps were analyzed to
derive quantitative measures of ventilation, barrier uptake,
and RBC transfer. This method was also used to illustrate
different ventilation and gas transfer patterns in a patient
with emphysema and one with pulmonary arterial hypertension
(PAH). RESULTS: In the healthy reference cohort, the mean
normalized signals were 0.51 ± 0.19 for ventilation, 4.9 ±
1.5 x 10-3 for barrier uptake and 2.6 ± 1.0 × 10-3 for RBC
(transfer). In IPF patients, ventilation was similarly
homogenous to healthy subjects, although shifted toward
slightly lower values (0.43 ± 0.19). However, mean barrier
uptake in IPF patients was nearly 2× higher than in healthy
subjects, with 47% of voxels classified as high, compared to
3% in healthy controls. Moreover, in IPF, RBC transfer was
reduced, mainly in the basal lung with 41% of voxels
classified as low. In healthy volunteers, only 15% of RBC
transfer was classified as low and these voxels were
typically in the anterior, gravitationally nondependent
lung. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a straightforward
means to generate semiquantitative binning maps depicting
129 Xe ventilation and gas transfer to barrier and RBC
compartments. These initial results suggest that the method
could be valuable for characterizing both normal physiology
and pathophysiology associated with a wide range of
pulmonary disorders.},
Doi = {10.1002/mp.12264},
Key = {fds326237}
}
@article{fds268648,
Author = {Virgincar, RS and Cleveland, ZI and Kaushik, SS and Freeman, MS and Nouls, J and Cofer, GP and Martinez-Jimenez, S and He, M and Kraft, M and Wolber, J and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Quantitative analysis of hyperpolarized 129Xe ventilation
imaging in healthy volunteers and subjects with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease.},
Journal = {Nmr Biomed},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {424-435},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23065808},
Abstract = {In this study, hyperpolarized (129) Xe MR ventilation and
(1) H anatomical images were obtained from three subject
groups: young healthy volunteers (HVs), subjects with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and age-matched
controls (AMCs). Ventilation images were quantified by two
methods: an expert reader-based ventilation defect score
percentage (VDS%) and a semi-automated segmentation-based
ventilation defect percentage (VDP). Reader-based values
were assigned by two experienced radiologists and resolved
by consensus. In the semi-automated analysis, (1) H
anatomical images and (129) Xe ventilation images were both
segmented following registration to obtain the thoracic
cavity volume and ventilated volume, respectively, which
were then expressed as a ratio to obtain the VDP.
Ventilation images were also characterized by generating
signal intensity histograms from voxels within the thoracic
cavity volume, and heterogeneity was analyzed using the
coefficient of variation (CV). The reader-based VDS%
correlated strongly with the semi-automatically generated
VDP (r = 0.97, p < 0.0001) and with CV (r = 0.82, p <
0.0001). Both (129) Xe ventilation defect scoring metrics
readily separated the three groups from one another and
correlated significantly with the forced expiratory volume
in 1 s (FEV1 ) (VDS%: r = -0.78, p = 0.0002; VDP: r = -0.79,
p = 0.0003; CV: r = -0.66, p = 0.0059) and other pulmonary
function tests. In the healthy subject groups (HVs and
AMCs), the prevalence of ventilation defects also increased
with age (VDS%: r = 0.61, p = 0.0002; VDP: r = 0.63, p =
0.0002). Moreover, ventilation histograms and their
associated CVs distinguished between subjects with COPD with
similar ventilation defect scores, but visibly different
ventilation patterns.},
Doi = {10.1002/nbm.2880},
Key = {fds268648}
}
@article{fds268655,
Author = {Mistry, NN and Thomas, A and Kaushik, SS and Johnson, GA and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Quantitative analysis of hyperpolarized 3He ventilation
changes in mice challenged with methacholine.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {63},
Number = {3},
Pages = {658-666},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1522-2594},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20187176},
Keywords = {Administration, Inhalation • Algorithms* • Animals
• Asthma • Contrast Media • Helium •
Image Enhancement • Isotopes • Magnetic Resonance
Imaging • Methacholine Chloride • Mice •
Mice, Inbred C57BL • Reproducibility of Results •
Sensitivity and Specificity • administration & dosage
• diagnosis* • diagnostic use • diagnostic
use* • methods*},
Abstract = {The capability to use high-resolution (3)He MRI to depict
regional ventilation changes and airway narrowing in mice
challenged with methacholine (MCh) offers the opportunity to
gain new insights into the study of asthma. However, to
fully exploit the value of this novel technique, it is
important to move beyond visual inspection of the images
toward automated and quantitative analysis. To address this
gap, we describe a postprocessing approach to create
ventilation difference maps to better visualize and quantify
regional ventilation changes before and after MCh challenge.
We show that difference maps reveal subtle changes in airway
caliber, and highlight both focal and diffuse regional
alterations in ventilation. Ventilation changes include both
hypoventilation and compensatory areas of hyperventilation.
The difference maps can be quantified by a histogram plot of
the ventilation changes, in which the standard deviation
increases with MCh dose (R(2) = 0.89). This method of
analysis is shown to be more sensitive than simple
threshold-based detection of gross ventilation
defects.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.22311},
Key = {fds268655}
}
@article{fds268673,
Author = {Spector, ZZ and Emami, K and Fischer, MC and Zhu, J and Ishii, M and Vahdat, V and Yu, J and Kadlecek, S and Driehuys, B and Lipson, DA and Gefter, W and Shrager, J and Rizi, RR},
Title = {Quantitative assessment of emphysema using hyperpolarized
3He magnetic resonance imaging.},
Journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Volume = {53},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1341-1346},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15906306},
Keywords = {Animals • Disease Models, Animal • Helium •
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted • Isotopes •
Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Male • Pancreatic
Elastase • Pulmonary Emphysema • Pulmonary
Ventilation • Rats • Rats, Sprague-Dawley •
diagnostic use • diagnostic use* • methods* •
physiopathology*},
Abstract = {In this experiment, Sprague-Dawley rats with
elastase-induced emphysema were imaged using hyperpolarized
(3)He MRI. Regional fractional ventilation r, the fraction
of gas replaced with a single tidal breath, was calculated
from a series of images in a wash-in study of hyperpolarized
gas. We compared the regional fractional ventilation in
these emphysematous rats to the regional fractional
ventilations we calculated from a previous baseline study in
healthy Sprague-Dawley rats. We found that there were
differences in the maps of fractional ventilation and its
associated frequency distribution between the healthy and
emphysematous rat lungs. Fractional ventilation tended to be
much lower in emphysematous rats than in normal rats. With
this information, we can use data on fractional ventilation
to regionally distinguish between healthy and emphysematous
portions of the lung. The successful implementation of such
a technique on a rat model could lead to work toward the
future implementation of this technique in human
patients.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.20514},
Key = {fds268673}
}
@article{fds369375,
Author = {Hsia, CCW and Bates, JHT and Driehuys, B and Fain, SB and Goldin, JG and Hoffman, EA and Hogg, JC and Levin, DL and Lynch, DA and Ochs, M and Parraga, G and Prisk, GK and Smith, BM and Tawhai, M and Vidal Melo and MF and Woods, JC and Hopkins, SR},
Title = {Quantitative Imaging Metrics for the Assessment of Pulmonary
Pathophysiology: An Official American Thoracic Society and
Fleischner Society Joint Workshop Report.},
Journal = {Annals of the American Thoracic Society},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {161-195},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.202211-915ST},
Abstract = {Multiple thoracic imaging modalities have been developed to
link structure to function in the diagnosis and monitoring
of lung disease. Volumetric computed tomography (CT) renders
three-dimensional maps of lung structures and may be
combined with positron emission tomography (PET) to obtain
dynamic physiological data. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
using ultrashort-echo time (UTE) sequences has improved
signal detection from lung parenchyma; contrast agents are
used to deduce airway function, ventilation-perfusion-diffusion,
and mechanics. Proton MRI can measure regional
ventilation-perfusion ratio. Quantitative imaging
(QI)-derived endpoints have been developed to identify
structure-function phenotypes, including air-blood-tissue
volume partition, bronchovascular remodeling, emphysema,
fibrosis, and textural patterns indicating architectural
alteration. Coregistered landmarks on paired images obtained
at different lung volumes are used to infer airway caliber,
air trapping, gas and blood transport, compliance, and
deformation. This document summarizes fundamental "good
practice" stereological principles in QI study design and
analysis; evaluates technical capabilities and limitations
of common imaging modalities; and assesses major QI
endpoints regarding underlying assumptions and limitations,
ability to detect and stratify heterogeneous, overlapping
pathophysiology, and monitor disease progression and
therapeutic response, correlated with and complementary to,
functional indices. The goal is to promote unbiased
quantification and interpretation of in vivo imaging data,
compare metrics obtained using different QI modalities to
ensure accurate and reproducible metric derivation, and
avoid misrepresentation of inferred physiological processes.
The role of imaging-based computational modeling in
advancing these goals is emphasized. Fundamental principles
outlined herein are critical for all forms of QI
irrespective of acquisition modality or disease
entity.},
Doi = {10.1513/AnnalsATS.202211-915ST},
Key = {fds369375}
}
@article{fds370142,
Author = {Rankine, LJ and Lu, J and Wang, Z and Kelsey, CR and Marks, LB and Das, SK and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Radiation-Induced Lung Injury Quantified by Hyperpolarized
129Xe MRI: Dose-Dependence and Association with Changes in
Global Lung Function},
Journal = {International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology,
Physics},
Volume = {114},
Number = {3},
Pages = {E556-E556},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds370142}
}
@article{fds355403,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Mata, J and Hartwig, M and Aragaki-Nakahodo, A and West,
K and Emami, K and Wadehra, N and Cleveland, Z and Walkup, L and Woods, J and Dusek, A and Mugler, J and Shim, Y},
Title = {Randomized Phase III Trial Assessing Regional Lung Function
for Lung Transplant by Hyperpolarized 129Xenon Gas
MRI},
Journal = {Imaging},
Publisher = {European Respiratory Society},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.2084},
Doi = {10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.2084},
Key = {fds355403}
}
@article{fds355404,
Author = {Shim, Y and Mata, J and Hartwig, M and Aragaki-Nakahodo, A and West, K and Emami, K and Wadehra, N and Cleveland, Z and Walkup, L and Woods, J and Dusek, A and Mugler, J and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Randomized Phase III Trial Assessing Regional Lung Function
for Thoracic Resection by Hyperpolarized 129Xenon Gas
MRI},
Journal = {Imaging},
Publisher = {European Respiratory Society},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.2080},
Doi = {10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.2080},
Key = {fds355404}
}
@article{fds359383,
Author = {Mummy, D and Coleman, EM and Wang, Z and Bier, E and Lu, J and Driehuys, B and Huang, YT},
Title = {Regional Changes in Ventilation Following Bronchodilation in
COPD Are Not Associated with Improved Gas Exchange on
Xenon-129 MRI},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {203},
Number = {9},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds359383}
}
@article{fds343487,
Author = {Coleman, E and Wang, Z and He, M and Bier, E and Nouls, J and Womack, S and Mammarappallil, J and Driehuys, B and Huang, YT},
Title = {Regional Gas Exchange Function Before and After
Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol Fumarate Measured by
Hyperpolarized Xe-129 MRI in Chronic Obstructive Lung
Disease},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {199},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds343487}
}
@article{fds356154,
Author = {Mummy, DG and Coleman, EM and Wang, Z and Bier, EA and Lu, J and Driehuys,
B and Huang, Y-C},
Title = {Regional Gas Exchange Measured by 129 Xe Magnetic
Resonance Imaging Before and After Combination
Bronchodilators Treatment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease.},
Journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : Jmri},
Volume = {54},
Number = {3},
Pages = {964-974},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmri.27662},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Hyperpolarized <sup>129</sup> Xe magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive assessment
of regional pulmonary gas exchange function. This technique
has demonstrated that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) patients exhibit ventilation defects, reduced
interstitial barrier tissue uptake, and poor transfer to
capillary red blood cells (RBCs). However, the behavior of
these measurements following therapeutic intervention is
unknown.<h4>Purpose</h4>To characterize changes in
<sup>129</sup> Xe gas transfer function following
administration of an inhaled long-acting
beta-agonist/long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist
(LABA/LAMA) bronchodilator.<h4>Study type</h4>Prospective.<h4>Population</h4>Seventeen
COPD subjects (GOLD II/III classification per Global
Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria)
were imaged before and after 2 weeks of LABA/LAMA
therapy.<h4>Field strength/sequences</h4>Dedicated
ventilation imaging used a multi-slice 2D gradient echo
sequence. Three-dimensional images of ventilation, barrier
uptake, and RBC transfer used an interleaved, radial,
1-point Dixon sequence. Imaging was acquired at
3 T.<h4>Assessment</h4><sup>129</sup> Xe measurements were
quantified before and after LABA/LAMA treatment by
ventilation defect + low percent (ven<sub>def + low</sub>
) and by barrier uptake and RBC transfer relative to a
healthy reference population (bar<sub>%ref</sub> and
RBC<sub>%ref</sub> ). Pulmonary function tests, including
diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide
(DL<sub>CO</sub> ), were also performed before and after
treatment.<h4>Statistical tests</h4>Paired t-test, Pearson
correlation coefficient (r).<h4>Results</h4>Baseline
ven<sub>def + low</sub> was 57.8 ± 8.4%,
bar<sub>%ref</sub> was 73.2 ± 19.6%, and
RBC<sub>%ref</sub> was 36.5 ± 13.6%. Following
treatment, ven<sub>def + low</sub> decreased to
52.5 ± 10.6% (P < 0.05), and improved in 14/17
(82.4%) of subjects. However, RBC<sub>%ref</sub> decreased
in 10/17 (58.8%) of subjects. Baseline measurements of
bar<sub>%ref</sub> and DL<sub>CO</sub> were correlated with
the degree of post-treatment change in ven<sub>def + low</sub>
(r = -0.49, P < 0.05 and r = -0.52, P < 0.05,
respectively).<h4>Conclusion</h4>LABA/LAMA therapy tended to
preferentially improve ventilation in subjects whose
<sup>129</sup> Xe barrier uptake and DL<sub>CO</sub> were
relatively preserved. However, newly ventilated regions
often revealed RBC transfer defects, an aspect of lung
function opaque to spirometry. These microvasculature
abnormalities must be accounted for when assessing the
effects of LABA/LAMA therapy.<h4>Level of evidence</h4>1
TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 4.},
Doi = {10.1002/jmri.27662},
Key = {fds356154}
}
@article{fds268658,
Author = {Möller, HE and Cleveland, ZI and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Relaxation of hyperpolarized 129Xe in a deflating polymer
bag.},
Journal = {J Magn Reson},
Volume = {212},
Number = {1},
Pages = {109-115},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1096-0856},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21752680},
Keywords = {Algorithms • Animals • Electromagnetic Fields
• Image Processing, Computer-Assisted • Magnetic
Resonance Imaging • Mice • Polymers •
Polyvinyls • Radio Waves • Respiratory Mechanics
• Xenon • Xenon Isotopes • chemistry* •
methods* • physiology},
Abstract = {In magnetic resonance imaging with hyperpolarized (HP) noble
gases, data is often acquired during prolonged gas delivery
from a storage reservoir. However, little is known about the
extent to which relaxation within the reservoir will limit
the useful acquisition time. For quantitative
characterization, 129Xe relaxation was studied in a bag made
of polyvinyl fluoride (Tedlar). Particular emphasis was on
wall relaxation, as this mechanism is expected to dominate.
The HP 129Xe magnetization dynamics in the deflating bag
were accurately described by a model assuming dissolution of
Xe in the polymer matrix and dipolar relaxation with
neighboring nuclear spins. In particular, the wall
relaxation rate changed linearly with the surface-to-volume
ratio and exhibited a relaxivity of κ=0.392±0.008 cm/h,
which is in reasonable agreement with κ=0.331±0.051 cm/h
measured in a static Tedlar bag. Estimates for the bulk
gas-phase 129Xe relaxation yielded T1bulk=2.55±0.22 h,
which is dominated by intrinsic Xe-Xe relaxation, with small
additional contributions from magnetic field inhomogeneities
and oxygen-induced relaxation. Calculations based on these
findings indicate that relaxation may limit HP 129Xe
experiments when slow gas delivery rates are employed as,
for example, in mouse imaging or vascular infusion
experiments.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmr.2011.06.017},
Key = {fds268658}
}
@article{fds325127,
Author = {Kaushik, SS and Liljeroth, M and Virgincar, RS and Robertson, SH and Davies, J and Stiles, J and Kelly, KT and Foster, WM and Morrison, L and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Reproducibility Of Hyperpolarized 129xe Mri: Alveolar
Capillary Gas-Transfer Spectroscopy And Imaging},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {187},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds325127}
}
@article{fds171982,
Title = {SELECTED PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS:
1. B
Driehuys, GP Cofer, J Pollaro, et al., Imaging
alveolar-capillary gas transfer using hyperpolarized 129Xe
MRI, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
103(48): 18278-18283, 2006.
2. JP Mugler, B Driehuys,
JR Brookeman et al., MR imaging and spectroscopy using
hyperpolarized 129Xe gas: Preliminary human results, Magn.
Reson. Med. 37, 809-815, 1997.
3. Driehuys B, Moller
HE, Cleveland ZI, Pollaro J, Hedlund LW. Pulmonary perfusion
and xenon gas exchange in rats: MR imaging with intravenous
injection of hyperpolarized Xe-129. Radiology
252(2):386-393, 2009.
4. S. Mansson, J Wolber, B
Driehuys et al., Characterization of diffusing capacity and
perfusion of the rat lung in a lipopolysaccaride disease
model using hyperpolarized 129Xe, Magn. Reson. Med. 50 (6),
1170-1179, 2003.
5. B Driehuys, GD Cates, E Miron et
al., High-volume production of laser-polarized 129Xe, Appl.
Phys. Lett. 69 (12), 1668-1670, 1996.
Most
Recent:
1. B Driehuys, J Pollaro, GP Cofer. In
vivo MRI using real-time production of hyperpolarized
Xe-129. Magn. Reson. Med. 60:14-20, 2008. PMCID2548276
2. AC Thomas, EN Potts, BT Chen, DM Slipetz, WM Foster, B
Driehuys. A robust protocol for regional evaluation of
methacholine challenge in mouse models of allergic asthma
using hyperpolarized He-3 MRI. NMR Biomed. 22(5):502-515,
2009. PMCID114021
3. Cleveland ZI, Moeller HE, Hedlund
L, Driehuys B. Continuously infusing hyperpolarized 129xe
into flowing aqueous solutions using hydrophobic gas
exchange membranes. Journal of Physical Chemistry B
2009;113(37):12489-12499. PMCID2747043
4. Branca T,
Cleveland ZI, Leuschner C, Kumar C, Fubara B, Maronpot RR,
Warren W, Driehuys B. Hyperpolarized 3He MRI to detect lung
metastases targeted by magnetic nanoparticles. Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. in press.
5. Mistry N, Thomas A, Kaushik SS,
Driehuys B. Quantitative analysis of hyperpolarized 3He
ventilation changes in mice challenged with methacholine,
Magn Reson Med, in press.
Best:
1. MS
Albert, GD Cates, B Driehuys et al., Biological
magnetic-resonance imaging using laser polarized 129Xe,
Nature 370 (6486), 199-201, 1994.
2. B Driehuys, J
Nouls, A Badea, et al., Small-animal imaging with magnetic
resonance microscopy, invited paper, ILAR journal, 28(1):
35-53, 2008.
3. B Driehuys, J Walker, J Pollaro, et
al., Hyperpolarized 3He MR imaging of methacholine challenge
in a mouse model of asthma, Magn. Reson. Med., 58(5),
893-900, 2007. PMC2746053
4. JR MacFall, HC Charles, RD
Black, B Driehuys et al., Human lung air spaces: Potential
for MR imaging with hyperpolarized He-3, Radiology 200 (2),
553-558, 1996.
5. XJ Chen, HE Moller, MS Chawla, B
Driehuys, et al, Spatially resolved measurements of
hyperpolarized gas properties in the lung in vivo: Diffusion
coefficient, Magn. Reson. Med. 42 (4), 721-728, 1999.
},
Key = {fds171982}
}
@article{fds268688,
Author = {Barton, AS and Newbury, NR and Cates, GD and Driehuys, B and Middleton,
H and Saam, B},
Title = {Self-calibrating measurement of polarization-dependent
frequency shifts from Rb-3He collisions.},
Journal = {Physical Review A},
Volume = {49},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2766-2770},
Year = {1994},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1050-2947},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9910557},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1103/physreva.49.2766},
Key = {fds268688}
}
@article{fds268663,
Author = {Möller, HE and Chen, XJ and Chawla, MS and Cofer, GP and Driehuys, B and Hedlund, LW and Suddarth, SA and Johnson, GA},
Title = {Sensitivity and resolution in 3D NMR microscopy of the lung
with hyperpolarized noble gases.},
Journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Volume = {41},
Number = {4},
Pages = {800-808},
Year = {1999},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10332857},
Keywords = {Animals • Guinea Pigs • Lung • Magnetic
Resonance Imaging • Microscopy • Models,
Theoretical • Noble Gases • Sensitivity and
Specificity • cytology* • diagnostic use* •
methods*},
Abstract = {Three-dimensional magnetic resonance images of the guinea
pig lung were acquired in vivo using hyperpolarized (HP)
noble gases and radial projection encoding (PE). Results
obtained with 3He (voxel size 17 microl) demonstrated high
image quality showing airway structure down to the 5th or
6th generations. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of 129Xe
images (voxel size 40 microl) were lower by about 1 order of
magnitude as a consequence of the smaller gyromagnetic
ratio, a more rapid relaxation in the gas reservoir, and
lower polarization and isotope abundance. Comparison between
experimentally obtained SNRs and results from calculations
based on a model that accounts for the three-dimensional PE
acquisition scheme and the non-equilibrium situation in HP
gas imaging yielded excellent agreement for small flip
angles. A theoretical examination of the potential
resolution in HP gas MR microscopy of the lungs suggests
that in vivo visualization of alveolar clusters distal to
respiratory bronchioles may be possible.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/(sici)1522-2594(199904)41:4<800::aid-mrm20>3.0.co;2-},
Key = {fds268663}
}
@article{fds268669,
Author = {Möller, HE and Chen, XJ and Chawla, MS and Driehuys, B and Hedlund, LW and Johnson, GA},
Title = {Signal dynamics in magnetic resonance imaging of the lung
with hyperpolarized noble gases.},
Journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. :
1997)},
Volume = {135},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-143},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1090-7807},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9799687},
Keywords = {Animals • Guinea Pigs • Image Enhancement* •
Lung • Magnetic Resonance Imaging* • Magnetics
• Models, Theoretical • Noble Gases •
Reproducibility of Results • anatomy & histology*
• diagnostic use* • methods},
Abstract = {The nonequilibrium bulk magnetic moment of hyperpolarized
(HP) noble gases generated by optical pumping has unique
characteristics. Based on the Bloch equations, a model was
developed describing the signal dynamics of HP gases used in
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lung with special
consideration to the breathing cycle. Experimental
verification included extensive investigations with HP 3He
and 129Xe during both inspiration and held breath in live
guinea pigs. Radial acquisition was used to investigate the
view variations with a temporal resolution of 5 ms.
Agreement between theoretical predictions and in vivo
results was excellent. Additionally, information about
effects from noble gas diffusion and spin-lattice relaxation
was obtained. In vivo results for T1 were 28.8 +/- 1.8 s for
3He and 31.3 +/- 1.8 s for 129Xe. Comparison with in vitro
data indicated that relaxation in the pulmonary gas space is
dominated by dipolar coupling with molecular oxygen. The
results provide a quantitative basis for optimizing pulse
sequence design in HP gas MRI of the lung.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1006/jmre.1998.1563},
Key = {fds268669}
}
@article{fds268614,
Author = {Kaushik, SS and Robertson, SH and Freeman, MS and He, M and Kelly, KT and Roos, JE and Rackley, CR and Foster, WM and McAdams, HP and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Single-breath clinical imaging of hyperpolarized (129)Xe in
the airspaces, barrier, and red blood cells using an
interleaved 3D radial 1-point Dixon acquisition.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {75},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1434-1443},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.25675},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: We sought to develop and test a clinically feasible
1-point Dixon, three-dimensional (3D) radial acquisition
strategy to create isotropic 3D MR images of (129)Xe in the
airspaces, barrier, and red blood cells (RBCs) in a single
breath. The approach was evaluated in healthy volunteers and
subjects with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). METHODS:
A calibration scan determined the echo time at which (129)Xe
in RBCs and barrier were 90° out of phase. At this TE,
interleaved dissolved and gas-phase images were acquired
using a 3D radial acquisition and were reconstructed
separately using the NUFFT algorithm. The dissolved-phase
image was phase-shifted to cast RBC and barrier signal into
the real and imaginary channels such that the image-derived
RBC:barrier ratio matched that from spectroscopy. The RBC
and barrier images were further corrected for regional field
inhomogeneity using a phase map created from the gas-phase
(129)Xe image. RESULTS: Healthy volunteers exhibited largely
uniform (129)Xe-barrier and (129)Xe-RBC images. By contrast,
(129)Xe-RBC images in IPF subjects exhibited significant
signal voids. These voids correlated qualitatively with
regions of fibrosis visible on CT. CONCLUSIONS: This study
illustrates the feasibility of acquiring single-breath, 3D
isotropic images of (129)Xe in the airspaces, barrier, and
RBCs using a 1-point Dixon 3D radial acquisition.},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.25675},
Key = {fds268614}
}
@article{fds268651,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Nouls, J and Badea, A and Bucholz, E and Ghaghada, K and Petiet, A and Hedlund, LW},
Title = {Small animal imaging with magnetic resonance
microscopy},
Journal = {Ilar Journal},
Volume = {53},
Number = {1},
Pages = {35-53},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1084-2020},
Abstract = {Small animal magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) has evolved
significantly from testing the boundaries of imaging physics
to its expanding use today as a tool in noninvasive
biomedical investigations. MRM now increasingly provides
functional information about living animals, with images of
the beating heart, breathing lung, and functioning brain.
Unlike clinical MRI, where the focus is on diagnosis, MRM is
used to reveal fundamental biology or to noninva-sively
measure subtle changes in the structure or function of
organs during disease progression or in response to
experimental therapies. High-resolution anatomical imaging
reveals increasingly exquisite detail in healthy animals and
subtle architectural aberrations that occur in genetically
altered models. Resolution of 100 μm in all dimensions is
now routinely attained in living animals, and (10 (μm)3 is
feasible in fixed specimens. Such images almost rival
conventional histology while allowing the object to be
viewed interactively in any plane. In this review we
describe the state of the art in MRM for scientists who may
be unfamiliar with this modality but who want to apply its
capabilities to their research. We include a brief review of
MR concepts and methods of animal handling and support,
before covering a range of MRM applications-including the
heart, lung, and brain-and the emerging field of MR
histology. The ability of MRM to provide a detailed
functional and anatomical picture in rats and mice, and to
track this picture over time, makes it a promising platform
with broad applications in biomedical research.},
Key = {fds268651}
}
@article{fds268684,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Nouls, J and Badea, A and Bucholz, E and Ghaghada, K and Petiet, A and Hedlund, LW},
Title = {Small animal imaging with magnetic resonance
microscopy.},
Journal = {Ilar Journal},
Volume = {49},
Number = {1},
Pages = {35-53},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {1084-2020},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18172332},
Keywords = {Animals • Disease Models, Animal • Magnetic
Resonance Imaging • Mice • Microscopy • Rats
• instrumentation • methods*},
Abstract = {Small animal magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) has evolved
significantly from testing the boundaries of imaging physics
to its expanding use today as a tool in noninvasive
biomedical investigations. MRM now increasingly provides
functional information about living animals, with images of
the beating heart, breathing lung, and functioning brain.
Unlike clinical MRI, where the focus is on diagnosis, MRM is
used to reveal fundamental biology or to noninvasively
measure subtle changes in the structure or function of
organs during disease progression or in response to
experimental therapies. High-resolution anatomical imaging
reveals increasingly exquisite detail in healthy animals and
subtle architectural aberrations that occur in genetically
altered models. Resolution of 100 mum in all dimensions is
now routinely attained in living animals, and (10 mum)(3) is
feasible in fixed specimens. Such images almost rival
conventional histology while allowing the object to be
viewed interactively in any plane. In this review we
describe the state of the art in MRM for scientists who may
be unfamiliar with this modality but who want to apply its
capabilities to their research. We include a brief review of
MR concepts and methods of animal handling and support,
before covering a range of MRM applications-including the
heart, lung, and brain-and the emerging field of MR
histology. The ability of MRM to provide a detailed
functional and anatomical picture in rats and mice, and to
track this picture over time, makes it a promising platform
with broad applications in biomedical research.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1093/ilar.49.1.35},
Key = {fds268684}
}
@article{fds354354,
Author = {Wang, Z and Rankine, L and Thorpe, M and Mammarappallil, J and Rajagopal, S and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Spatial Correlation of 129Xenon Gas Exchange MRI with 99mTc
Perfusion Scintigraphy},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {201},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds354354}
}
@article{fds268682,
Author = {Chen, XJ and Möller, HE and Chawla, MS and Cofer, GP and Driehuys, B and Hedlund, LW and Johnson, GA},
Title = {Spatially resolved measurements of hyperpolarized gas
properties in the lung in vivo. Part I: diffusion
coefficient.},
Journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {721-728},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10502761},
Keywords = {Animals • Guinea Pigs • Helium • Isotopes
• Lung • Magnetic Resonance Imaging •
Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity • Xenon Isotopes •
anatomy & histology* • diagnostic use •
methods*},
Abstract = {In imaging of hyperpolarized noble gases, a knowledge of the
diffusion coefficient (D) is important both as a contrast
mechanism and in the design of pulse sequences. We have made
diffusion coefficient maps of both hyperpolarized (3)He and
(129)Xe in guinea pig lungs. Along the length of the
trachea, (3)He D values were on average 2.4 cm(2)/sec,
closely reproducing calculated values for free gas (2.05
cm(2)/sec). The (3)He D values measured perpendicular to the
length of the trachea were approximately a factor of two
less, indicating restriction to diffusion. Further evidence
of restricted diffusion was seen in the distal pulmonary
airspaces as the average (3)He D was 0.16 cm(2)/sec. An
additional cause for the smaller (3)He D in the lung was due
to the presence of air, which is composed of heavier and
larger gases. The (129)Xe results show similar trends, with
the trachea D averaging 0.068 cm(2)/sec and the lung D
averaging 0.021 cm(2)/sec. Magn Reson Med 42:721-728,
1999.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/(sici)1522-2594(199910)42:4<721::aid-mrm14>3.0.co;2-},
Key = {fds268682}
}
@article{fds268691,
Author = {Chen, XJ and Möller, HE and Chawla, MS and Cofer, GP and Driehuys, B and Hedlund, LW and MacFall, JR and Johnson, GA},
Title = {Spatially resolved measurements of hyperpolarized gas
properties in the lung in vivo. Part II: T
*(2).},
Journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {729-737},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0740-3194},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10502762},
Keywords = {Animals • Guinea Pigs • Helium • Humans
• Isotopes • Lung • Magnetic Resonance
Imaging • Male • Middle Aged • Pulmonary
Diffusing Capacity • Trachea • Xenon Isotopes
• anatomy & histology • anatomy & histology*
• diagnostic use • methods*},
Abstract = {The transverse relaxation time, T *(2), of hyperpolarized
(HP) gas in the lung in vivo is an important parameter for
pulse sequence optimization and image contrast. We obtained
T *(2) maps of HP (3)He and (129)Xe in guinea pig lungs (n =
17) and in human lungs. Eight different sets of (3)He guinea
pig studies were acquired, with variation of slice
selection, tidal volume, and oxygen level. For example, for
a (3)He tidal volume of 3 cm(3) and no slice selection, the
average T *(2) in the trachea was 14.7 ms and 8.0 ms in the
intrapulmonary airspaces. The equivalent (129)Xe experiment
yielded an average T *(2) of 40.8 ms in the trachea and 18.5
ms in the intrapulmonary airspaces. The average (3)He T *(2)
in the human intrapulmonary airspaces was 9.4 ms. The
relaxation behavior was predicted by treating the lung as a
porous medium, resulting in good agreement between estimated
and measured T *(2) values in the intrapulmonary airspaces.
Magn Reson Med 42:729-737, 1999.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/(sici)1522-2594(199910)42:4<729::aid-mrm15>3.0.co;2-},
Key = {fds268691}
}
@article{fds268641,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Cates, GD and Happer, W and Mabuchi, H and Saam, B and Albert, MS and Wishnia, A},
Title = {Spin transfer between laser-polarized 129Xe
nuclei and surface protons},
Journal = {Physics Letters A},
Volume = {184},
Number = {1},
Pages = {88-92},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0375-9601},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(93)90352-Z},
Abstract = {We have demonstrated a large polarization transfer from
highly polarized gaseous 129Xe to protons in a silicone
surface coating. The proton polarization enhancement of ∼
104-105 over the thermal equilibrium polarization at 0.2 T
makes possible the detection of the previously unobservable
resonance. We expect that this technique may allow
high-resolution NMR to become a viable tool in the study of
surfaces. © 1993.},
Doi = {10.1016/0375-9601(93)90352-Z},
Key = {fds268641}
}
@article{fds268670,
Author = {Driehuys, B and Cates, GD and Happer, W},
Title = {Surface relaxation mechanisms of laser-polarized
129Xe.},
Journal = {Phys Rev Lett},
Volume = {74},
Number = {24},
Pages = {4943-4946},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1079-7114},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10058638},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.4943},
Key = {fds268670}
}
@article{fds323787,
Author = {Subashi, E and Liu, Y and Robertson, S and Segars, P and Driehuys, B and Yin, F and Cai, J},
Title = {TH-EF-BRA-10: High Spatiotemporal Resolution Self-Sorted 4D
MRI.},
Journal = {Med Phys},
Volume = {43},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3899},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.4958267},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To describe a novel method for self-sorted 4D-MRI
and to characterize the output image quality as measured by
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), spatiotemporal resolution, and
level of artifact. METHODS: A three-dimensional radial
sampling function with a quasi-random distribution of
polar/azimuthal k-space angles was implemented in a standard
pulse sequence. Acquisition time was approximately 2
minutes. The DC component of the k-space signal was used to
estimate and sort the breathing cycle into ten respiratory
phases. For a given respiratory phase, the k-space data were
combined with the periphery of the k-space data from all
phases and reconstructed with the re-gridding algorithm onto
a 1283 matrix. The extent of data sharing was controlled by
the average breathing curve. The sampling and reconstruction
technique were tested and validated in simulation, dynamic
phantom, animal, and human studies with varying breathing
periods/amplitudes. RESULTS: The signal at the k-space
center accurately measures respiratory motion over a large
range of breathing periods (0.5-7.0 seconds) and amplitudes
(5-30% of FOV). Sharing of high frequency k-space data
driven by the average breathing curve improves spatial
resolution and artifact level at a cost of an increase in
noise floor. Although equal sharing of k-space data improves
resolution and SNR, phases with large temporal changes
accumulate considerable distortion artifacts. In the absence
of view-sharing, no distortion artifacts are observed while
spatial resolution is degraded. CONCLUSION: The use of a
quasi-random sampling function and view-sharing driven by
the average breathing curve provide a feasible method for
self-sorted 4D MRI at reduced acquisition times. This
approach allows for the extent of data sharing to be
inversely-proportional to the average breathing motion hence
improving resolution and decreasing artifact levels.
NIH-1R21CA165384.},
Doi = {10.1118/1.4958267},
Key = {fds323787}
}
@article{fds320114,
Author = {Ebner, L and Kammerman, J and Driehuys, B and Schiebler, ML and Cadman,
RV and Fain, SB},
Title = {The role of hyperpolarized 129xenon in MR imaging of
pulmonary function.},
Journal = {Eur J Radiol},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {343-352},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.09.015},
Abstract = {In the last two decades, functional imaging of the lungs
using hyperpolarized noble gases has entered the clinical
stage. Both helium (3He) and xenon (129Xe) gas have been
thoroughly investigated for their ability to assess both the
global and regional patterns of lung ventilation. With
advances in polarizer technology and the current transition
towards the widely available 129Xe gas, this method is ready
for translation to the clinic. Currently, hyperpolarized
(HP) noble gas lung MRI is limited to selected academic
institutions; yet, the promising results from initial
clinical trials have drawn the attention of the pulmonary
medicine community. HP 129Xe MRI provides not only
3-dimensional ventilation imaging, but also unique
capabilities for probing regional lung physiology. In this
review article, we aim to (1) provide a brief overview of
current ventilation MR imaging techniques, (2) emphasize the
role of HP 129Xe MRI within the array of different imaging
strategies, (3) discuss the unique imaging possibilities
with HP 129Xe MRI, and (4) propose clinical
applications.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.09.015},
Key = {fds320114}
}
@article{fds268642,
Author = {Johnson, JR and Thompson, AK and Chupp, TE and Smith, TB and Cates, GD and Driehuys, B and Middleton, H and Newbury, NR and Hughes, EW and Meyer,
W},
Title = {The SLAC high-density gaseous polarized 3He
target},
Journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section
A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated
Equipment},
Volume = {356},
Number = {1},
Pages = {148-152},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0168-9002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)01465-5},
Abstract = {A large-scale high-pressure gaseous 3He polarized target has
been developed for use with a high-intensity polarized
electron beam at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.
This target was used successfully in an experiment to study
the spin structure of the neutron. The target provided an
areal density of about 7 × 1021 nuclei/cm2 and operated at
3He polarizations between about 30% and 40% for the six-week
duration of the experiment. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0168-9002(94)01465-5},
Key = {fds268642}
}
@article{fds329556,
Author = {Robertson, SH and Virgincar, RS and Bier, EA and He, M and Schrank, GM and Smigla, RM and Rackley, C and McAdams, HP and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Uncovering a third dissolved-phase 129 Xe resonance in the
human lung: Quantifying spectroscopic features in healthy
subjects and patients with idiopathic pulmonary
fibrosis.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {78},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1306-1315},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.26533},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to accurately
characterize the spectral properties of hyperpolarized 129
Xe in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
compared to healthy volunteers. METHODS: Subjects underwent
hyperpolarized 129 Xe breath-hold spectroscopy, during which
38 dissolved-phase free induction decays (FIDs) were
acquired after reaching steady state (echo time/repetition
time = 0.875/50 ms; bandwidth = 8.06 kHz; flip
angle≈22 °). FIDs were averaged and then decomposed
into multiple spectral components using time-domain curve
fitting. The resulting amplitudes, frequencies, line widths,
and starting phases of each component were compared among
groups using a Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon U test. RESULTS: Three
dissolved-phase resonances, consisting of red blood cells
(RBCs) and two barrier compartments, were consistently
identified in all subjects. In subjects with IPF relative to
healthy volunteers, the RBC frequency was 0.70 parts per
million (ppm) more negative (P = 0.05), the chemical
shift of barrier 2 was 0.6 ppm more negative
(P = 0.009), the line widths of both barrier peaks were
∼2 ppm narrower (P < 0.001), and the starting phase
of barrier 1 was 20.3 ° higher (P = 0.01). Moreover,
the ratio RBC:barriers was reduced by 52.9% in IPF
(P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The accurate decomposition of
129 Xe spectra not only has merit for developing a global
metric of pulmonary function, but also provides necessary
insights to optimize phase-sensitive methods for imaging 129
Xe gas transfer. Magn Reson Med 78:1306-1315, 2017. © 2016
International Society for Magnetic Resonance in
Medicine.},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.26533},
Key = {fds329556}
}
@article{fds354348,
Author = {Wang, Z and Swaminathan, A and Bier, E and Tighe, RM and Huang, YT and Rajagopal, S and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Using (129)Xenon MR Gas Exchange MRI to Measure the Membrane
and Capillary Components of DLCO and KCO},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {201},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds354348}
}
@article{fds355731,
Author = {Wang, Z and Rankine, L and Bier, EA and Mummy, D and Lu, J and Church, A and Tighe, RM and Swaminathan, A and Huang, Y-CT and Que, LG and Mammarappallil, JG and Rajagopal, S and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Using hyperpolarized 129Xe gas-exchange MRI to model the
regional airspace, membrane, and capillary contributions to
diffusing capacity.},
Journal = {J Appl Physiol (1985)},
Volume = {130},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1398-1409},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00702.2020},
Abstract = {Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI has emerged as a novel means to
evaluate pulmonary function via 3D mapping of ventilation,
interstitial barrier uptake, and RBC transfer. However, the
physiological interpretation of these measurements has yet
to be firmly established. Here, we propose a model that uses
the three components of 129Xe gas-exchange MRI to estimate
accessible alveolar volume (VA), membrane conductance, and
capillary blood volume contributions to DLCO. 129Xe
ventilated volume (VV) was related to VA by a scaling factor
kV = 1.47 with 95% confidence interval [1.42, 1.52],
relative 129Xe barrier uptake (normalized by the healthy
reference value) was used to estimate the membrane-specific
conductance coefficient kB = 10.6 [8.6, 13.6] mL/min/mmHg/L,
whereas normalized RBC transfer was used to calculate the
capillary blood volume-specific conductance coefficient kR =
13.6 [11.4, 16.7] mL/min/mmHg/L. In this way, the barrier
and RBC transfer per unit volume determined the transfer
coefficient KCO, which was then multiplied by
image-estimated VA to obtain DLCO. The model was built on a
cohort of 41 healthy subjects and 101 patients with
pulmonary disorders. The resulting 129Xe-derived DLCO
correlated strongly (R2 = 0.75, P < 0.001) with the measured
values, a finding that was preserved within each individual
disease cohort. The ability to use 129Xe MRI measures of
ventilation, barrier uptake, and RBC transfer to estimate
each of the underlying constituents of DLCO clarifies the
interpretation of these images while enabling their use to
monitor these aspects of gas exchange independently and
regionally.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The diffusing capacity for
carbon monoxide (DLCO) is perhaps one of the most
comprehensive physiological measures used in pulmonary
medicine. Here, we spatially resolve and estimate its key
components-accessible alveolar volume, membrane, and
capillary blood volume conductances-using hyperpolarized
129Xe MRI of ventilation, interstitial barrier uptake, and
red blood cell transfer. This image-derived DLCO correlates
strongly with measured values in 142 subjects with a broad
range of pulmonary disorders.},
Doi = {10.1152/japplphysiol.00702.2020},
Key = {fds355731}
}
@article{fds323720,
Author = {Wang, JM and Robertson, SH and He, M and Virgincar, RS and Schrank, GM and Smigla, R and O'Riordan, T and Sundy, J and Ebner, L and Rackley, CR and McAdams, HP and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Using Hyperpolarized 129xe Imaging To Quantify Apical Vs.
Basal And Central Vs. Peripheral Gas Exchange Impairment In
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {193},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds323720}
}
@article{fds328953,
Author = {Wang, JM and Robertson, SH and Wang, Z and He, M and Virgincar, RS and Schrank, GM and Smigla, RM and O'Riordan, TG and Sundy, J and Ebner, L and Rackley, CR and McAdams, P and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Using hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to quantify regional gas
transfer in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.},
Journal = {Thorax},
Volume = {73},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-28},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210070},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Assessing functional impairment, therapeutic
response and disease progression in patients with idiopathic
pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) continues to be challenging.
Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI can address this gap through its
unique capability to image gas transfer three-dimensionally
from airspaces to interstitial barrier tissues to red blood
cells (RBCs). This must be validated by testing the degree
to which it correlates with pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
and CT scores, and its spatial distribution reflects known
physiology and patterns of disease. METHODS: 13 healthy
individuals (33.6±15.7 years) and 12 patients with IPF
(66.0±6.4 years) underwent 129Xe MRI to generate
three-dimensional quantitative maps depicting the 129Xe
ventilation distribution, its uptake in interstitial barrier
tissues and its transfer to RBCs. For each map, mean values
were correlated with PFTs and CT fibrosis scores, and their
patterns were tested for the ability to depict functional
gravitational gradients in healthy lung and to detect the
known basal and peripheral predominance of disease in IPF.
RESULTS: 129Xe MRI depicted functional impairment in
patients with IPF, whose mean barrier uptake increased by
188% compared with the healthy reference population. 129Xe
MRI metrics correlated poorly and insignificantly with CT
fibrosis scores but strongly with PFTs. Barrier uptake and
RBC transfer both correlated significantly with diffusing
capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (r=-0.75,
p<0.01 and r=0.72, p<0.01), while their ratio
(RBC/barrier) correlated most strongly (r=0.94, p<0.01). RBC
transfer exhibited significant anterior-posterior
gravitational gradients in healthy volunteers, but not in
IPF, where it was significantly impaired in the basal
(p=0.02) and subpleural (p<0.01) lung. CONCLUSIONS:
Hyperpolarized129Xe MRI is a rapid and well-tolerated exam
that provides region-specific quantification of interstitial
barrier thickness and RBC transfer efficiency. With further
development, it could become a robust tool for measuring
disease progression and therapeutic response in patients
with IPF, sensitively and non-invasively.},
Doi = {10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210070},
Key = {fds328953}
}
@article{fds320111,
Author = {He, M and Driehuys, B and Que, LG and Huang, Y-CT},
Title = {Using Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Quantify the Pulmonary
Ventilation Distribution.},
Journal = {Acad Radiol},
Volume = {23},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1521-1531},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2016.07.014},
Abstract = {RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Ventilation heterogeneity is
impossible to detect with spirometry. Alternatively,
pulmonary ventilation can be imaged three-dimensionally
using inhaled 129Xe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To
date, such images have been quantified primarily based on
ventilation defects. Here, we introduce a robust means to
transform 129Xe MRI scans such that the underlying
ventilation distribution and its heterogeneity can be
quantified. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Quantitative 129Xe
ventilation MRI was conducted in 12 younger (24.7 ± 5.2
years) and 10 older (62.2 ± 7.2 years) healthy
individuals, as well as in 9 younger (25.9 ± 6.4 yrs)
and 10 older (63.2 ± 6.1 years) asthmatics. The younger
healthy population was used to establish a reference
ventilation distribution and thresholds for six intensity
bins. These bins were used to display and quantify the
ventilation defect region (VDR), the low ventilation region
(LVR), and the high ventilation region (HVR). RESULTS: The
ventilation distribution in young subjects was roughly
Gaussian with a mean and standard deviation of
0.52 ± 0.18, resulting in VDR = 2.1 ± 1.3%,
LVR = 15.6 ± 5.4%, and HVR = 17.4 ± 3.1%.
Older healthy volunteers exhibited a significantly
right-skewed distribution (0.46 ± 0.20, P = 0.034),
resulting in significantly increased VDR (7.0 ± 4.8%,
P = 0.008) and LVR (24.5 ± 11.5%, P = 0.025).
In the asthmatics, VDR and LVR increased in the older
population, and HVR was significantly reduced
(13.5 ± 4.6% vs 18.9 ± 4.5%, P = 0.009).
Quantitative 129Xe MRI also revealed altered ventilation
heterogeneity in response to albuterol in two asthmatics
with normal spirometry. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative 129Xe MRI
provides a robust and objective means to display and
quantify the pulmonary ventilation distribution, even in
subjects who have airway function impairment not appreciated
by spirometry.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2016.07.014},
Key = {fds320111}
}
@article{fds359688,
Author = {Rankine, L and Wang, Z and Bier, E and Kelsey, C and Marks, L and Driehuys,
B and Das, S},
Title = {Using Hyperpolarized Xe-129 Gas-Exchange MRI to Guide
Functional Avoidance Planning in Thoracic Radiation
Therapy},
Journal = {Medical Physics},
Volume = {47},
Number = {6},
Pages = {E370-E370},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds359688}
}
@article{fds359634,
Author = {Niedbalski, PJ and Lu, J and Hall, CS and Castro, M and Mugler, JP and Shim, YM and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Utilizing flip angle/TR equivalence to reduce breath hold
duration in hyperpolarized 129 Xe 1-point Dixon gas exchange
imaging.},
Journal = {Magn Reson Med},
Volume = {87},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1490-1499},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.29040},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To reduce scan duration in hyperpolarized 129 Xe
1-point Dixon gas exchange imaging by utilizing flip angle
(FA)/TR equivalence. METHODS: Images were acquired in 12
subjects (n = 3 radiation therapy, n = 1 unexplained
dyspnea, n = 8 healthy) using both standard (TR = 15 ms, FA
= 20°, duration = 15 s, 998 projections) and "fast" (TR =
5.4 ms, FA = 12°, duration = 11.3 s, 2100 projections)
acquisition parameters. For the fast acquisition, 3 image
sets were reconstructed using subsets of 1900, 1500, and
1000 projections. From the resulting ventilation, tissue
("barrier"), and red blood cell (RBC) images, image metrics
and biomarkers were compared to assess agreement between
methods. RESULTS: Images acquired using both FA/TR settings
had similar qualitative appearance. There were no
significant differences in SNR, image mean, or image SD
between images. Moreover, the percentage of the lungs in
"defect", "normal", and "high" bins for each image
(ventilation, RBC, barrier) was not significantly different
among the acquisition types. After registration, comparison
of 3D image metrics (Dice, volume similarity, average
distance) agreed well between bins. Images using 1000
projections for reconstruction had no significant
differences from images using all projections. CONCLUSION:
Using flip angle/TR equivalence, hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas
exchange images can be acquired via the 1-point Dixon
technique in as little as 6 s, compared to ~15 s for
previously reported parameter settings. The resulting images
from this accelerated scan have no significant differences
from the standard method in qualitative appearance or
quantitative metrics.},
Doi = {10.1002/mrm.29040},
Key = {fds359634}
}
@article{fds325124,
Author = {House, JS and Nichols, CE and Li, H and Brandenberger, C and Virgincar,
RS and DeGraff, LM and Driehuys, B and Zeldin, DC and London,
SJ},
Title = {Vagal innervation is required for pulmonary function
phenotype in Htr4-/- mice.},
Journal = {Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol},
Volume = {312},
Number = {4},
Pages = {L520-L530},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00495.2016},
Abstract = {Human genome-wide association studies have identified over
50 loci associated with pulmonary function and related
phenotypes, yet follow-up studies to determine causal genes
or variants are rare. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in
serotonin receptor 4 (HTR4) are associated with human
pulmonary function in genome-wide association studies and
follow-up animal work has demonstrated that Htr4 is causally
associated with pulmonary function in mice, although the
precise mechanisms were not identified. We sought to
elucidate the role of neural innervation and pulmonary
architecture in the lung phenotype of Htr4-/- animals. We
report here that the Htr4-/- phenotype in mouse is dependent
on vagal innervation to the lung. Both ex vivo tracheal ring
reactivity and in vivo flexiVent pulmonary functional
analyses demonstrate that vagotomy abrogates the Htr4-/-
airway hyperresponsiveness phenotype. Hyperpolarized 3He gas
magnetic resonance imaging and stereological assessment of
wild-type and Htr4-/- mice reveal no observable differences
in lung volume, inflation characteristics, or pulmonary
microarchitecture. Finally, control of breathing experiments
reveal substantive differences in baseline breathing
characteristics between mice with/without functional HTR4 in
breathing frequency, relaxation time, flow rate, minute
volume, time of inspiration and expiration and breathing
pauses. These results suggest that HTR4's role in pulmonary
function likely relates to neural innervation and control of
breathing.},
Doi = {10.1152/ajplung.00495.2016},
Key = {fds325124}
}
@article{fds339925,
Author = {Huang, YT and Wang, Z and He, M and Rankine, L and Womack, S and McAdams,
P and Mammarappalil, J and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Ventilation and Gas Transfer Distribution in Alpha-1
Antitrypsin Deficiency After Replacement
Therapy},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {197},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds339925}
}
@article{fds339926,
Author = {Huang, YT and He, M and Wang, Z and Rankine, L and Womack, S and Mammarappallil, J and McAdams, P and Driehuys,
B},
Title = {Ventilation and Gas Transfer Measured by 129Xe MRI in
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Heterozygotes: A Pilot
Study},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {197},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER THORACIC SOC},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds339926}
}
@article{fds268657,
Author = {Thomas, AC and Nouls, JC and Driehuys, B and Voltz, JW and Fubara, B and Foley, J and Bradbury, JA and Zeldin, DC},
Title = {Ventilation defects observed with hyperpolarized 3He
magnetic resonance imaging in a mouse model of acute lung
injury.},
Journal = {Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol},
Volume = {44},
Number = {5},
Pages = {648-654},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1535-4989},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20595465},
Keywords = {Acute Lung Injury • Animals • Chemokine CCL2
• Chemokine CCL3 • Chemokine CXCL2 •
Escherichia coli • Helium • Inflammation •
Interleukin-1beta • Interleukin-6 •
Lipopolysaccharides • Lung • Lung Diseases •
Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Mice • Mice, Inbred
C57BL • Positron-Emission Tomography • Tomography,
X-Ray Computed • Total Lung Capacity • Tumor
Necrosis Factor-alpha • diagnostic use •
immunology • metabolism • metabolism* •
methods • methods* • pharmacology},
Abstract = {Regions of diminished ventilation are often evident during
functional pulmonary imaging studies, including
hyperpolarized gas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),
positron emission tomography, and computed tomography (CT).
The objective of this study was to characterize the
hypointense regions observed via (3)He MRI in a murine model
of acute lung injury. LPS at doses ranging from 15-50 μg
was intratracheally administered to C57BL/6 mice under
anesthesia. Four hours after exposure to either LPS or
saline vehicle, mice were imaged via hyperpolarized (3)He
MRI. All images were evaluated to identify regions of
hypointense signals. Lungs were then characterized by
conventional histology, or used to obtain tissue samples
from regions of normal and hypointense (3)He signals and
analyzed for cytokine content. The characterization of (3)He
MRI images identified three distinct types of hypointense
patterns: persistent defects, atelectatic defects, and
dorsal lucencies. Persistent defects were associated with
the administration of LPS. The number of persistent defects
depended on the dose of LPS, with a significant increase in
mean number of defects in 30-50-μg LPS-dosed mice versus
saline-treated control mice. Atelectatic defects
predominated in LPS-dosed mice under conditions of
low-volume ventilation, and could be reversed with deep
inspiration. Dorsal lucencies were present in nearly all
mice studied, regardless of the experimental conditions,
including control animals that did not receive LPS. A
comparison of (3)He MRI with histopathology did not identify
tissue abnormalities in regions of low (3)He signal, with
the exception of a single region of atelectasis in one
mouse. Furthermore, no statistically significant differences
were evident in concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, macrophage
inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-2, chemokine (C-X-C
motif) ligand 1 (KC), TNFα, and monocyte chemotactic
protein (MCP)-1 between hypointense and normally ventilated
lung regions in LPS-dosed mice. Thus, this study defines the
anatomic, functional, and biochemical characteristics of
ventilation defects associated with the administration of
LPS in a murine model of acute lung injury.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1165/rcmb.2009-0287OC},
Key = {fds268657}
}
@article{fds369157,
Author = {Subashi, E and Feng, L and Liu, Y and Robertson, S and Segars, P and Driehuys, B and Kelsey, CR and Yin, F-F and Otazo, R and Cai,
J},
Title = {View-sharing for 4D magnetic resonance imaging with
randomized projection-encoding enables improvements of
respiratory motion imaging for treatment planning in
abdominothoracic radiotherapy.},
Journal = {Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {100409},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phro.2022.12.006},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The accuracy and precision of
radiation therapy are dependent on the characterization of
organ-at-risk and target motion. This work aims to
demonstrate a 4D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method for
improving spatial and temporal resolution in respiratory
motion imaging for treatment planning in abdominothoracic
radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The spatial and
temporal resolution of phase-resolved respiratory imaging is
improved by considering a novel sampling function based on
quasi-random projection-encoding and peripheral k-space
view-sharing. The respiratory signal is determined directly
from k-space, obviating the need for an external surrogate
marker. The average breathing curve is used to optimize
spatial resolution and temporal blurring by limiting the
extent of data sharing in the Fourier domain. Improvements
in image quality are characterized by evaluating changes in
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), resolution, target detection,
and level of artifact. The method is validated in
simulations, in a dynamic phantom, and in-vivo imaging.
RESULTS: Sharing of high-frequency k-space data, driven by
the average breathing curve, improves spatial resolution and
reduces artifacts. Although equal sharing of k-space data
improves resolution and SNR in stationary features, phases
with large temporal changes accumulate significant artifacts
due to averaging of high frequency features. In the absence
of view-sharing, no averaging and detection artifacts are
observed while spatial resolution is degraded. CONCLUSIONS:
The use of a quasi-random sampling function, with
view-sharing driven by the average breathing curve, provides
a feasible method for self-navigated 4D-MRI at improved
spatial resolution.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.phro.2022.12.006},
Key = {fds369157}
}
@article{fds359382,
Author = {Bier, E and Mummy, D and Lu, J and Driehuys, B},
Title = {Within-Session Repeatability of Pulmonary Xe-129 Static and
Dynamic Spectroscopy},
Journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine},
Volume = {203},
Number = {9},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds359382}
}