Economics
Arts & Sciences
Duke University
| |
Faculty Database Economics Arts & Sciences Duke University |
|
| HOME > Arts & Sciences > Economics > Faculty | Search Help Login |
|
| Publications of Christopher D. Timmins :chronological alphabetical combined listing:
%% Journal Articles
@article{fds370033,
Author = {Gao, X and Song, R and Timmins, C},
Title = {Information, migration, and the value of clean
air},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {163},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103079},
Abstract = {Using a variant of the Rosen-Roback model of inter-city
migration that incorporates public access to air quality
information, we demonstrate that information constraints
create a wedge between revealed and true hedonic prices for
pollution that depends upon individuals’ perception
biases. We empirically test our theoretical predictions by
leveraging the unexpected disclosure of PM2.5 data in China.
We find that migration decisions become much more responsive
to pollution and that the hedonic price of avoiding PM2.5
exposure nearly doubles – from 171 to 336 Chinese Yuan –
in response to the information shock. Our results highlight
the role of imperfect information in migration decisions and
its impact on non-market valuation in countries where public
access to information is restricted.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103079},
Key = {fds370033}
}
@article{fds364042,
Author = {Christensen, P and Timmins, C},
Title = {Sorting or Steering: The Effects of Housing Discrimination
on Neighborhood Choice},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {130},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2110-2163},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/720140},
Abstract = {Growing evidence indicates that neighborhoods affect human
capital accumulation, raising concern that the exclusionary
effects of housing discrimination could contribute to
persistent inequality in the United States. Using data from
HUD’s most recent Housing Discrimination Study and
microlevel data on neighborhood attributes in 28 US cities,
we find that minorities are steered toward neighborhoods
with less economic opportunity and greater exposures to
crime and pollution. Holding preferences and income
constant, discriminatory steering alone can explain a
disproportionate number of minority households found in
high-poverty neighborhoods in the United States and the
higher exposure of African American mothers to toxic
pollutants.},
Doi = {10.1086/720140},
Key = {fds364042}
}
@article{fds363882,
Author = {Timmins, C and Vissing, A},
Title = {Environmental justice and Coasian bargaining: The role of
race, ethnicity, and income in lease negotiations for shale
gas},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {114},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2022.102657},
Abstract = {Using a unique combination of datasets and estimation
techniques, we test whether private lease negotiations to
extract oil and natural gas exhibit features of Coasian
efficiency. We demonstrate that measures of wealth
(including income, house square footage, and land acreage),
typically determinants of willingness to pay for
environmental quality, do affect bargaining outcomes.
However, race, ethnicity, and language also play important
roles after conditioning upon these variables, suggesting an
environmental injustice and a breakdown of efficient Coasian
bargaining. We further demonstrate that failure to negotiate
protections in leases leads to increased risk of future
drilling violations, and that weak lease restrictions are
not generally offset by strong local ordinance
restrictions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2022.102657},
Key = {fds363882}
}
@article{fds364273,
Author = {Christensen, P and Sarmiento-Barbieri, I and Timmins,
C},
Title = {HOUSING DISCRIMINATION AND THE TOXICS EXPOSURE GAP IN THE
UNITED STATES: EVIDENCE FROM THE RENTAL MARKET},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {104},
Number = {4},
Pages = {807-818},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00992},
Abstract = {Local pollution exposures have a disproportionate impact on
minority households, but the root causes remain unclear.
This study conducts a correspondence experiment on a major
online housing platform to test whether housing
discrimination constrains minority access to housing options
in markets with significant sources of airborne chemical
toxics. We find that renters with African American or
Hispanic/Latinx names are 41% less likely than renters with
white names to receive responses for properties in
low-exposure locations. We find no evidence of
discriminatory constraints in high-exposure locations,
indicating that discrimination increases relative access to
housing choices at elevated exposure risk.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest_a_00992},
Key = {fds364273}
}
@article{fds361797,
Author = {Monsour, M and Clarke-Rubright, E and Lieberman-Cribbin, W and Timmins, C and Taioli, E and Schwartz, RM and Corley, SS and Laucis, AM and Morey, RA},
Title = {The impact of climate change on the prevalence of mental
illness symptoms.},
Journal = {J Affect Disord},
Volume = {300},
Pages = {430-440},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.124},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The repercussions of climate change threaten the
population with an increased prevalence of extreme climate
events. We explored the impact of climate change induced sea
level rise (SLR) and tropical cyclone (TC) exposure on
mental illness symptom prevalence. METHODS: Using three
datasets, TC exposure scores were calculated for each
subject to determine how exposure affects posttraumatic
stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and major depressive
disorder (MDD) symptom prevalence. Inundation mapping of
various SLR and storm surge (SS) scenarios were performed
for the susceptible region of Miami-Dade and Broward
counties to determine the population impact of flooding.
RESULTS: We found an elevated risk of mental illness
symptoms from exposure to more high- intensity TCs and
identified demographic variables that may contribute to this
risk. Furthermore, inundation mapping demonstrated severe
and widespread impact of SLR and SS on the mental health of
communities. LIMITATIONS: This study did not include data
directly measuring comorbidity, resilience, preparedness, or
ability to adapt to climate change. Also, multiple
imputation using chained equations may have been imperfect.
Furthermore, there is uncertainty in predicting and mapping
SLR and TC intensity, which limits complete confidence in
our SS predictions. CONCLUSION: The impacts of climate
change have been frequently studied in terms of physical
health, natural disaster prevalence, and economic impacts,
but rarely on mental health burden. However, it is vital
that national, state, and local governments develop and
deploy plans to address mental health needs along with
expenditures for protecting infrastructure, the economy, and
physical health from the combined effects of SLR and climate
change-induced natural disasters.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.124},
Key = {fds361797}
}
@article{fds354994,
Author = {Gibbons, S and Heblich, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Market tremors: Shale gas exploration, earthquakes, and
their impact on house prices},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {122},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2020.103313},
Abstract = {Shale gas has grown to become a major new source of energy
in countries around the globe. While its importance for
energy supply is well recognized, there has also been public
concern over potential risks from hydraulic fracturing
(‘fracking’). Although commercial development has not
yet taken place in the UK, licenses for drilling were issued
in 2008, signalling potential future development. This paper
examines whether public fears about fracking affect house
prices in areas that have been licensed for shale gas
exploration. Our estimates suggest differentiated effects.
Licensing did not affect house prices but fracking the first
well in 2011, which caused two minor earthquakes, did. We
find a 3.9–4.7 percent house price decrease in the area
where the earthquakes occurred. The earthquakes were too
minor to have caused any damage but we find the effect on
prices extends to a radius of about 25 km served by local
newspapers. This evidence suggests that the earthquakes and
newspaper coverage increased awareness of exploration
activity and fear of the local consequences.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2020.103313},
Key = {fds354994}
}
@article{fds360654,
Author = {Bishop, KC and Kuminoff, NV and Banzhaf, HS and Boyle, KJ and von
Gravenitz, K and Pope, JC and Smith, VK and Timmins,
CD},
Title = {Best practices for using hedonic property value models to
measure willingness to pay for environmental
quality},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {260-281},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/reaa001},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/reaa001},
Key = {fds360654}
}
@article{fds346743,
Author = {Banzhaf, HS and Ma, L and Timmins, C},
Title = {Environmental Justice: Establishing Causal
Relationships},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {377-398},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-094131},
Abstract = {The environmental justice literature has found that the poor
and people of color are disproportionately exposed to
pollution. This literature has sparked a broad activist
movement and several policy reforms in the United States and
internationally. In this article, we review the literature
documenting correlations between pollution and demographics
and the history of the related movement, focusing on the
United States. We then turn to the potential causal
mechanisms behind the observed correlations. Given its focus
on causal econometric models, we argue that economics has a
comparative advantage in evaluating these mechanisms. We
consider (a) profit-maximizing decisions by firms, (b)
Tiebout-like utility-maximizing decisions by households in
the presence of income disparities, (c) Coasean negotiations
between both sides, (d) political economy explanations and
governmental failures, and (e) intergenerational
transmission of poverty. Proper identification of the causal
mechanisms underlying observed disproportionate exposures is
critical to the design of effective policy to remedy
them.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-094131},
Key = {fds346743}
}
@article{fds342133,
Author = {Freeman, R and Liang, W and Song, R and Timmins, C},
Title = {Willingness to pay for clean air in China},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {94},
Pages = {188-216},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2019.01.005},
Abstract = {We use a residential sorting model incorporating migration
disutility to recover the implicit value of clean air in
China. The model is estimated using China Population Census
Data along with PM2.5 satellite data. Our study provides new
evidence on the willingness to pay for air quality
improvements in developing countries and is the first
application of an equilibrium sorting model to the valuation
of non-market amenities in China. We employ two instrumental
variables based on coal-fired electricity generation and
wind direction to address the endogeneity of local air
pollution. Results suggest important differences between the
residential sorting model and a conventional hedonic model,
highlighting the role of moving costs and the discreteness
of the choice set. Our sorting results indicate that the
economic value of air quality improvement associated with a
one-unit decline in PM2.5 concentration is up to $8.83
billion for all Chinese households in 2005.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2019.01.005},
Key = {fds342133}
}
@article{fds341378,
Author = {Banzhaf, S and Ma, L and Timmins, C},
Title = {Environmental Justice: the Economics of Race, Place, and
Pollution.},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic Perspectives : a Journal of the
American Economic Association},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {185-208},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.1.185},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.33.1.185},
Key = {fds341378}
}
@article{fds340432,
Author = {Bishop, KC and Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimating the marginal willingness to pay function without
instrumental variables},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {109},
Pages = {66-83},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2018.11.006},
Abstract = {The hedonic model of Rosen (1974) has become a workhorse for
valuing the characteristics of differentiated products
despite a number of well-documented econometric problems,
including a source of endogeneity that has proven difficult
to overcome. Here we outline a simple, likelihood-based
estimation approach for recovering the marginal
willingness-to-pay function that avoids this endogeneity
problem. Using this framework, we find that marginal
willingness-to-pay to avoid violent crime increases by
sixteen cents with each additional incident per 100,000
residents. Accounting for the slope of the marginal
willingness-to-pay function has significant impacts on
welfare analyses.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2018.11.006},
Key = {fds340432}
}
@article{fds335440,
Author = {Bishop, KC and Timmins, C},
Title = {Using panel data to easily estimate hedonic demand
functions},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {517-543},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/696981},
Abstract = {The hedonics literature has often asserted that if one were
able to observe the same individual make multiple purchase
decisions, one could recover rich estimates of preference
heterogeneity for a given amenity. In particular, in the
face of a changing price schedule, observing each individual
twice is sufficient to recover a linear demand function
separately for each individual, with no additional
restrictions. Constructing a rich panel data set of buyers,
we recover the full distribution of demand functions for
clean air in the Bay Area of California. First, we find that
estimating the full demand function, rather than simply
recovering a local estimate of marginal willingness to pay,
is important. Second, we find evidence of considerable
heterogeneity, which is important from a policy perspective;
our data-driven estimates of the welfare effects associated
with a nonmarginal change in air quality differ
substantially from those recovered using the existing
approaches to welfare estimation.},
Doi = {10.1086/696981},
Key = {fds335440}
}
@article{fds347631,
Author = {Haninger, K and Ma, L and Timmins, C},
Title = {The value of brownfield remediation},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {197-241},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/689743},
Abstract = {The US Environmental Protection Agency Brownfields Program
awards grants to redevelop contaminated lands known as
brownfields. This paper estimates cleanup benefits by
combining administrative records for a nationally
representative sample of brownfields with high-resolution,
high-frequency housing data. With cleanup, we find that
property values increase by an average of 5.0% to 11.5%. For
a welfare interpretation that does not rely on the
intertemporal stability of the hedonic price function, a
double-difference matching estimator finds even larger
effects of up to 15.2%. Our various specifications lead to
the consistent conclusion that Brownfields Program cleanups
yield positive, statistically significant, but highly
localized effects on housing prices.},
Doi = {10.1086/689743},
Key = {fds347631}
}
@article{fds316004,
Author = {Bayer, P and McMillan, R and Murphy, A and Timmins,
C},
Title = {A Dynamic Model of Demand for Houses and
Neighborhoods},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {84},
Number = {3},
Pages = {893-942},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA10170},
Abstract = {This paper develops a dynamic model of neighborhood choice
along with a computationally light multi-step estimator. The
proposed empirical framework captures observed and
unobserved preference heterogeneity across households and
locations in a flexible way. We estimate the model using a
newly assembled data set that matches demographic
information from mortgage applications to the universe of
housing transactions in the San Francisco Bay Area from 1994
to 2004. The results provide the first estimates of the
marginal willingness to pay for several non-marketed
amenities-neighborhood air pollution, violent crime, and
racial composition-in a dynamic framework. Comparing these
estimates with those from a static version of the model
highlights several important biases that arise when dynamic
considerations are ignored.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA10170},
Key = {fds316004}
}
@article{fds314313,
Author = {Muehlenbachs, L and Spiller, E and Timmins, C},
Title = {The housing market impacts of shale gas development:
Corrigendum},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {106},
Number = {2},
Pages = {475},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.106.2.475},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.106.2.475},
Key = {fds314313}
}
@article{fds314314,
Author = {Muehlenbachs, L and Spiller, E and Timmins, C},
Title = {The housing market impacts of shale gas development},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {105},
Number = {12},
Pages = {3633-3659},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20140079},
Abstract = {Using data from Pennsylvania and an array of empirical
techniques to control for confounding factors, we recover
hedonic estimates of property value impacts from nearby
shale gas development that vary with water source, well
productivity, and visibility. Results indicate large
negative impacts on nearby groundwater-dependent homes,
while piped-water-dependent homes exhibit smaller positive
impacts, suggesting benefits from lease payments. Results
have implications for the debate over regulation of shale
gas development.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20140079},
Key = {fds314314}
}
@article{fds239084,
Author = {Depro, B and Timmins, C and O’neil, M},
Title = {White flight and coming to the nuisance: can residential
mobility explain environmental injustice?},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Pages = {439-468},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {2333-5955},
url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/682716},
Abstract = {Effective environmental justice (EJ) policy requires an
understanding of the economic and social forces that
determine the correlation between race, income, and
pollution exposure. We show how the traditional approach
used in many EJ analyses cannot identify nuisance-driven
residential mobility. We develop an alternative strategy
that overcomes this problem and implement it using data on
air toxics from Los Angeles County, California, USA.
Differences in estimated willingness to pay for cleaner air
across race groups support the residential mobility
explanation. Our results suggest that Hispanics may dislike
cancer risk but be less willing to trade other forms of
consumption to avoid it. As a result, household mobility
responses may work against policies designed to address
inequitable siting decisions for facilities with
environmental health risks.},
Doi = {10.1086/682716},
Key = {fds239084}
}
@article{fds239085,
Author = {Kuminoff, NV and Schoellman, T and Timmins, C},
Title = {Environmental Regulations and the Welfare Effects of Job
Layoffs in the United States: A Spatial Approach},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {198-218},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/rev006},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/rev006},
Key = {fds239085}
}
@article{fds239089,
Author = {Spiller, E and Stephens, H and Timmins, C and Smith,
A},
Title = {The Effect of Gasoline Taxes and Public Transit Investments
on Driving Patterns},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {59},
Number = {4},
Pages = {633-657},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-013-9753-9},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes how driving patterns are affected by
gasoline taxes and the availability of a substitute for
driving—public transportation. We develop a measure of
transportation substitutability based on the difference
between individuals’ predicted commute times by private
and public transit, conditional upon their demographic
characteristics and geographic location. Improved
substitutability decreases annual vehicle miles traveled
(VMT) by inducing modal shifts to public transit, though
gasoline taxes are found to have a much larger impact on
VMT. Our results imply that a policy that raises gasoline
taxes and recycles the revenues into public transit
improvements can have even larger impacts on driving
patterns than either policy alone.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-013-9753-9},
Key = {fds239089}
}
@article{fds239088,
Author = {Kuminoff, NV and Smith, VK and Timmins, C},
Title = {The new economics of equilibrium sorting and policy
evaluation using housing markets},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {51},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1007-1062},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.51.4.1007},
Abstract = {Households "sort" across neighborhoods according to their
wealth and their preferences for public goods, social
characteristics, and commuting opportunities. The
aggregation of these individual choices in markets and in
other institutions influences the supply of amenities and
local public goods. Pollution, congestion, and the quality
of public education are examples. Over the past decade,
advances in economic models of this sorting process have led
to a new framework that promises to alter the ways we
conceptualize the policy evaluation process in the future.
These "equilibrium sorting" models use the properties of
market equilibria, together with information on household
behavior, to infer structural parameters that characterize
preference heterogeneity. The results can be used to develop
theoretically consistent predictions for the welfare
implications of future policy changes. Analysis is not
confined to marginal effects or a partial equilibrium
setting. Nor is it limited to prices and quantities. Sorting
models can integrate descriptions of how nonmarket goods are
generated, estimate how they affect decision making, and, in
turn, predict how they will be affected by future policies
targeting prices or quantities. Conversely, sorting models
can predict how equilibrium prices and quantities will be
affected by policies that target product quality,
information, or amenities generated by the sorting process.
These capabilities are just beginning to be understood and
used in applied research. This survey article aims to
synthesize the state of knowledge on equilibrium sorting,
the new possibilities for policy analysis, and the
conceptual and empirical challenges that define the
frontiers of the literature. ( JEL C63, D04, E61, H41, R23,
R31, R38). © Copyright 2013 by the American Economic
Association.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.51.4.1007},
Key = {fds239088}
}
@article{fds239090,
Author = {Ellickson, PB and Houghton, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimating network economies in retail chains: A revealed
preference approach},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {2},
Pages = {169-193},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12016},
Abstract = {We measure the effects of chain economies, business
stealing, and heterogeneous firms' comparative advantages in
the discount retail industry. Traditional entry models are
ill suited for this high-dimensional problem of strategic
interaction. Building upon recently developed profit
inequality techniques, our model admits any number of
potential rivals and stores per location, an endogenous
distribution network, and unobserved (to the econometrician)
location attributes that may cause firms to cluster their
stores. In an application, we find that Wal-Mart benefits
most from local chain economies, whereas Target shows a
greater ability to respond to rival competition. Kmart
exhibits neither of these strengths. We explore these
results with counterfactual simulations highlighting these
offsetting effects and find that local chain economies play
an important role in securing Wal-Mart's industry leader
status. © 2013, RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12016},
Key = {fds239090}
}
@article{fds239091,
Author = {Gamper-Rabindran, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Does cleanup of hazardous waste sites raise housing values?
Evidence of spatially localized benefits},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {65},
Number = {3},
Pages = {345-360},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2012.12.001},
Abstract = {Economists often rely on publicly available data provided at
coarse geographical resolution to value spatially localized
amenities. We propose a simple refinement to the hedonic
method that accommodates this reality: specifically, we
measure localized benefits from the cleanup of hazardous
waste sites at the sub-census tract level by examining the
entire within-tract housing value distribution, rather than
simply focusing on the tract median. Our point estimates
indicate that the cleanup leads to larger appreciation in
house prices at the lower percentiles of the within-tract
house value distribution than at higher percentiles. Though
not statistically different from one another, the estimates
are monotonically ordered from 24.4% at the 10th percentile,
20.8% at the median and 18.7% at the 90th percentile,
respectively. We confirm these results in two ways. First,
our analysis using restricted access census block data finds
comparable results that cleanup leads to a 14.7%
appreciation in the median block-level housing values.
Second, our analysis of proprietary housing transactions
data show that cheaper houses within a census tract are
indeed more likely to be closer to a hazardous waste site,
explaining the greater impacts they receive from the cleanup
process. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2012.12.001},
Key = {fds239091}
}
@article{fds239092,
Author = {Deleire, T and Khan, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Roy model sorting and nonrandom selection in the valuation
of a statistical life},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {279-306},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000313987000010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Wage-hedonics is used to recover the value of a statistical
life (VSL) by exploiting the fact that workers choosing
riskier occupations are compensated with a higher wage. Roy
(Oxford Economic Papers 3 (1951), 135-46) suggests that
observed wage distributions will be distorted if individuals
choose jobs according to idiosyncratic returns. We describe
how this type of sorting biases wage-hedonic VSL estimates
and implement two new estimation strategies that correct
that bias. Using data from the Current Population Surveys,
we recover VSL estimates that are three to four times larger
than those based on the traditional techniques,
statistically significant, and robust to a wide array of
specifications. © (2013) by the Economics Department of the
University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University
Institute of Social and Economic Research
Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2012.00733.x},
Key = {fds239092}
}
@article{fds320630,
Author = {Muehlenbachs, L and Spiller, E and Timmins, CD},
Title = {Shale Gas Development and Property Values: Differences
Across Drinking Water Sources},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {131},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {While shale gas development can result in rapid local
economic development, negative externalities associated with
the process may adversely affect the prices of nearby homes.
We utilize a triple-difference estimator and exploit the
public water service area boundary in Washington County,
Pennsylvania to identify the housing capitalization of
groundwater risk, differentiating it from other
externalities, lease payments to homeowners, and local
economic development. We find that proximity to wells
increases housing values, though risks to groundwater fully
offset those gains. By itself, groundwater risk reduces
property values by up to 24 percent.},
Key = {fds320630}
}
@article{fds239105,
Author = {Bajari, P and Fruehwirth, JC and Kim, KI and Timmins,
C},
Title = {A rational expectations approach to hedonic price
regressions with time-varying unobserved product attributes:
The price of pollution},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {102},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1898-1926},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.5.1898},
Abstract = {We propose a new strategy for a pervasive problem in the
hedonics literature: recovering hedonic prices in the
presence of time-varying correlated unobservables. Our
approach relies on an assumption about home buyer
rationality, under which prior sales prices can be used to
control for time-varying unobservable attributes of the
house or neighborhood. Using housing transactions data from
California's Bay Area between 1990 and 2006, we apply our
estimator to recover marginal willingness to pay for
reductions in three of the EPA's "criteria" air pollutants.
Our findings suggest that ignoring bias from time-varying
correlated unobservables considerably understates the
benefits of a pollution reduction policy.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.102.5.1898},
Key = {fds239105}
}
@article{fds239104,
Author = {Gamper-Rabindran, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Hazardous waste cleanup, neighborhood gentrification, and
environmental justice: Evidence from restricted access
census block data},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {101},
Number = {3},
Pages = {620-624},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.3.620},
Abstract = {We test for residential sorting and changes in neighborhood
characteristics in response to the cleanup of hazardous
waste sites using restricted access fine-geographicalresolution
block data. We examine changes between 1990 and 2000 in
blocks within 5km of sites that are proposed to the National
Priority List that fall in a narrow interval of Hazardous
Ranking Scores, comparing blocks near sites that were
cleaned with those near sites that were not. Cleanup leads
to increases in population density and housing unit density;
increases in mean household income and shares of
collegeeducated; but also to increases in the shares of
minorities. © 2011 AEA. The American Economic Association
is hosted by Vanderbilt University.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.101.3.620},
Key = {fds239104}
}
@article{fds239111,
Author = {Bayer, P and Khan, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Nonparametric identification and estimation in a Roy model
with common nonpecuniary returns},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-215},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jbes.2010.08083},
Abstract = {We consider identification and estimation of a Roy model
that includes a common nonpecuniary utility component
associated with each choice alternative. This augmented Roy
model has broader applications to many polychotomous choice
problems in addition to occupational sorting. We develop a
pair of nonparametric estimators for this model, derive
asymptotics, and illustrate small-sample properties with a
series of Monte Carlo experiments. We apply one of these
models to migration behavior and analyze the effect of Roy
sorting on observed returns to college education. Correcting
for Roy sorting bias, the returns to a college degree are
cut in half. This article has supplementary material online.
© 2011 American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/jbes.2010.08083},
Key = {fds239111}
}
@article{fds239107,
Author = {Gamper-Rabindran, S and Khan, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {The impact of piped water provision on infant mortality in
Brazil: A quantile panel data approach},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {188-200},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2010 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We examine the impact of piped water on the under-1 infant
mortality rate (IMR) in Brazil using a recently developed
econometric procedure for the estimation of quantile
treatment effects with panel data. The provision of piped
water in Brazil is highly correlated with other observable
and unobservable determinants of IMR - the latter leading to
an important source of bias. Instruments for piped water
provision are not readily available, and fixed effects to
control for time-invariant correlated unobservables are
invalid in the simple quantile regression framework. Using
the quantile panel data procedure in Chen and Khan [Chen,
S., Khan, S., Semiparametric estimation of non-stationary
censored panel model data models with time-varying factor.
Econometric Theory 2007; forthcoming], our estimates
indicate that the provision of piped water reduces infant
mortality by significantly more at the higher conditional
quantiles of the IMR distribution than at the lower
conditional quantiles (except for cases of extreme
underdevelopment). These results imply that targeting piped
water intervention toward areas in the upper quantiles of
the conditional IMR distribution, when accompanied by other
basic public health inputs, can achieve significantly
greater reductions in infant mortality. © 2009 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2009.02.006},
Key = {fds239107}
}
@article{fds239086,
Author = {Timmins, C and Schlenker, W},
Title = {Reduced-Form Versus Structural Modeling in Environmental and
Resource Economics},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {351-380},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1941-1340},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.resource.050708.144119},
Abstract = {<jats:p> We contrast structural and reduced form empirical
studies in environmental and resource economics. Both
methodologies have their own context-specific advantages and
disadvantages, and should be viewed as complements, not
substitutes. Structural models typically require a
theoretical model and explicit assumptions about structural
errors in order to recover the parameters of behavioral
functions. These estimates may be required to measure
general equilibrium welfare effects or to simulate intricate
feedback loops between natural and economic processes.
However, many of the assumptions used to recover structural
estimates are untestable. The goal of reduced form studies
is, conversely, to recover key parameters of interest using
exogenous within-sample variation with as few structural
assumptions as possible—reducing reliance on these
assumptions assists in establishing causality in the
relationship of interest. Reduced-form studies do, however,
require assumptions of their own, e.g., the (quasi)
randomness of an experiment with no spillover effects on the
control group. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.resource.050708.144119},
Key = {fds239086}
}
@misc{lall_connecting_2009,
Author = {Lall, SV and Timmins, C and Yu, S},
Title = {Connecting lagging and leading regions: The role of labor
mobility},
Journal = {Brookings Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs},
Volume = {2009},
Pages = {151-174},
Booktitle = {Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs},
Publisher = {The Brookings Institution},
Address = {Washington, D.C.},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1528-7084},
url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eoh&AN=1036301&site=ehost-live&scope=site},
Abstract = {How can policies improve the welfare of people in
economically lagging regions of countries? Should policies
help jobs follow people? Or should they enable people to
follow jobs? In most countries, market forces have
encouraged the geographic concentration of people and
economic activities--policies that try to offset these
forces to encourage balanced economic growth have largely
been unsuccessful. However, policies that help people get
closer to economic density have improved individual welfare.
In this paper, the authors examine the migration decisions
of working-age Brazilians and find that the pull of higher
wages in leading regions has a strong influence on the
decision to migrate. However, many people are also"pushed"to
migrate, starved of access to basic public services such as
clean water and sanitation in their hometowns. Although
migration is welfare-improving for these individuals, the
economy may end up worse off as these migrants are more
likely to add to congestion costs in cities than to
contribute to agglomeration benefits. Encouraging human
capital formation can stimulate labor mobility for economic
gain; and improving access to and quality of basic services
in lagging regions will directly improve welfare as well as
reduce the type of migration motivated by the search for
life-supporting basic services.},
Key = {lall_connecting_2009}
}
@article{Bayer09,
Author = {Bayer, P and Keohane, N and Timmins, C},
Title = {Migration and hedonic valuation: The case of air
quality},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {58},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-14},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2025 Duke open
access},
Keywords = {Discrete choice models • Migration costs •
Particulate matter • residential sorting •
Valuation of air qualitly • Wage-hedonic
models},
Abstract = {Conventional hedonic techniques for estimating the value of
local amenities rely on the assumption that households move
freely among locations. We show that when moving is costly,
the variation in housing prices and wages across locations
may no longer reflect the value of differences in local
amenities. We develop an alternative discrete-choice
approach that models the household location decision
directly, and we apply it to the case of air quality in US
metro areas in 1990 and 2000. Because air pollution is
likely to be correlated with unobservable local
characteristics such as economic activity, we instrument for
air quality using the contribution of distant sources to
local pollution-excluding emissions from local sources,
which are most likely to be correlated with local
conditions. Our model yields an estimated elasticity of
willingness to pay with respect to air quality of 0.34-0.42.
These estimates imply that the median household would pay
$149-$185 (in constant 1982-1984 dollars) for a one-unit
reduction in average ambient concentrations of particulate
matter. These estimates are three times greater than the
marginal willingness to pay estimated by a conventional
hedonic model using the same data. Our results are robust to
a range of covariates, instrumenting strategies, and
functional form assumptions. The findings also confirm the
importance of instrumenting for local air pollution. © 2009
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.08.004},
Key = {Bayer09}
}
@article{wagner_agglomeration_2009,
Author = {Wagner, UJ and Timmins, CD},
Title = {Agglomeration effects in foreign direct investment and the
pollution haven hypothesis},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {231-256},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2059 Duke open
access},
Keywords = {Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste;
Solid Waste; Recycling Q530, Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs;
Biotechnology L650, Economic Development: Agriculture;
Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary
Products O130, Environmental Economics: Government Policy
Q580, Multinational Firms; International Business F230,
Other Production and Pricing Analysis R320},
Abstract = {Does environmental regulation impair international
competitiveness of pollution-intensive industries to the
extent that they relocate to countries with less stringent
regulation, turning those countries into "pollution havens"?
We test this hypothesis using panel data on outward foreign
direct investment (FDI) flows of various industries in the
German manufacturing sector and account for several
econometric issues that have been ignored in previous
studies. Most importantly, we demonstrate that externalities
associated with FDI agglomeration can bias estimates away
from finding a pollution haven effect if omitted from the
analysis. We include the stock of inward FDI as a proxy for
agglomeration and employ a GMM estimator to control for
endogenous time-varying determinants of FDI flows.
Furthermore, we propose a difference estimator based on the
least polluting industry to break the possible correlation
between environmental regulatory stringency and unobservable
attributes of FDI recipients in the cross-section. When
accounting for these issues we find robust evidence of a
pollution haven effect for the chemical industry. © 2008
Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-008-9236-6},
Key = {wagner_agglomeration_2009}
}
@article{fds239106,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Ross, MT and Depro, BM and Bauch, SC and Timmins, C and Wendland, KJ and Alger, K},
Title = {Climate change and conservation in Brazil: CGE evaluation of
health and wealth impacts},
Journal = {The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1935-1682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2096},
Abstract = {Ecosystem services are public goods that frequently
constitute the only source of capital for the poor, who lack
political voice. As a result, provision of ecosystem
services is sub-optimal and estimation of their values is
complicated. We examine how econometric estimation can feed
computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling to estimate
health-related ecosystem values. Against a back drop of
climate change, we analyze the Brazilian policy to expand
National Forests (FLONAS) by 50 million hectares. Because
these major environmental changes can generate spillovers in
other sectors, we develop and use a CGE model that focuses
on land and labor markets. Compared to climate change and
deforestation in the baseline, the FLONAS scenario suggests
relatively small declines in GDP, output (including
agriculture) and other macro indicators. Urban households
will experience declines in their welfare because they own
most of the capital and land, which allows them to capture
most of the deforestation benefits. In contrast, even though
rural households have fewer opportunities for subsistence
agriculture and face additional competition with other rural
agricultural workers for more limited employment, their
welfare improves due to health benefits from conservation of
nearby forests. The efficiency vs. equity tradeoffs implied
by the FLONAS scenario suggests that health-related
ecosystem services will be underprovided if the rural poor
are politically weaker than the urban rich. In conclusion,
we briefly discuss the pros and cons of the CGE strategy for
valuing ecosystem-mediated health benefits and evaluating
contemporary policies on climate change mitigation.
Copyright © 2009 The Berkeley Electronic Press. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.2202/1935-1682.2096},
Key = {fds239106}
}
@article{li_do_2009,
Author = {Timmins, CD and Li, S and von Haefen, R},
Title = {How Do Gas Prices Affect Fleet Fuel Economy?},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {113-137},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {1945-7812},
url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eoh&AN=1051386&site=ehost-live&scope=site},
Keywords = {Business Taxes and Subsidies including sales and value-added
{(VAT)} H250, Industry Studies: Manufacturing: Other L690,
Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Hydrocarbon Fuels L710,
Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution
of Firms L110},
Abstract = {Exploiting a rich dataset of passenger vehicle registrations
in 20 US MSAs from 1997 to 2005, we examine the effects of
gasoline prices on the automotive fleet's composition. We
find that high gasoline prices affect fleet fuel economy
through two channels: shifting new auto purchases towards
more fuel-efficient vehicles, and speeding the scrappage of
older, less fuel-efficient used vehicles. Policy simulations
suggest that a 10 percent increase in gasoline prices from
2005 levels will generate a 0.22 percent increase in fleet
fuel economy in the short run and a 2.04 percent increase in
the long run.},
Doi = {10.1257/pol.1.2.113},
Key = {li_do_2009}
}
@article{timmins_revealed_2007,
Author = {Timmins, C and Murdock, J},
Title = {A revealed preference approach to the measurement of
congestion in travel cost models},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {53},
Number = {2},
Pages = {230-249},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eoh&AN=0902859&site=ehost-live&scope=site},
Keywords = {Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources Q260, Renewable
Resources and Conservation: Fishery; Aquaculture Q220,
Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and
Accidents; Transportation Noise R410},
Abstract = {Travel cost models are regularly used to determine the value
of recreational sites or particular site characteristics,
yet congestion, a key site attribute, is often excluded from
such analyses. One reason for this omission is that
congestion is determined in equilibrium by the process of
individuals sorting across sites and thus presents
significant endogeneity problems. This paper illustrates
this source of endogeneity, describes how previous research
has dealt with it using stated preference techniques, and
describes an instrumental variables approach to address it
in a revealed preference context. We demonstrate that
failing to address the endogeneity of congestion leads one
to dramatically understate its costs. We apply our technique
to the valuation of a large recreational fishing site in
Wisconsin (Lake Winnebago) which, if eliminated, would
induce significant re-sorting of anglers amongst remaining
sites. Ignoring congestion leads to an understatement of the
lake's value by more than 50%. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2006.08.002},
Key = {timmins_revealed_2007}
}
@article{bayer_estimating_2007,
Author = {Bayer, P and Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimating equilibrium models of sorting across
locations},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {117},
Number = {518},
Pages = {353-374},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2026 Duke open
access},
Keywords = {Other Production and Pricing Analysis R320, Urban, Rural,
and Regional Economics: Housing Demand R210, Urban, Rural,
and Regional Economics: Regional Migration; Regional Labor
Markets; Population; Neighborhood Characteristics
R230},
Abstract = {While there is growing interest in measuring the size and
scope of local spillovers, it is well understood that such
spillovers cannot be distinguished from unobservable local
attributes using solely the observed location decisions of
individuals or firms. We propose an empirical strategy for
recovering estimates of spillovers in the presence of
unobserved local attributes for a broadly applicable class
of equilibrium sorting models. Our approach relies on an IV
strategy derived from the internal logic of the sorting
model itself. We show practically how the strategy is
implemented, provide intuition for our instruments, discuss
the role of effective choice-set variation in identifying
the model, and carry-out a series of Monte Carlo simulations
to demonstrate performance in small samples. © 2007 The
Author(s). Journal compilation Royal Economic Society
2007.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02021.x},
Key = {bayer_estimating_2007}
}
@article{timmins_if_2007,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {If you cannot take the heat, get out of the cerrado...
Recovering the equilibrium amenity cost of nonmarginal
climate change in Brazil},
Journal = {Journal of Regional Science},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-25},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-4146},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2036 Duke open
access},
Keywords = {Climate; Natural Disasters; Global Warming Q540, Economic
Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy;
Environment; Other Primary Products O130, Economic
Development: Regional, Urban, and Rural Analyses O180,
Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Regional Migration;
Regional Labor Markets; Population; Neighborhood
Characteristics R230, Valuation of Environmental Effects
Q510},
Abstract = {This paper presents an empirical technique for valuing large
changes in nonmarketed local attributes (e.g., climate
amenities) without data describing prices of locally traded
commodities like housing. A model of endogenous sorting is
used to identify individuals' indirect utility functions,
from which the value of the change in the local attribute is
recovered while accounting for equilibrium impacts on
markets for labor and locally traded commodities. Annual
amenity costs of Brazilian climate change are estimated to
be between $1.6 and $8.1 billion for a moderate climate
change scenario, depending upon the role of migration costs.
© Blackwell Publishing, Inc. 2007.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9787.2007.00497.x},
Key = {timmins_if_2007}
}
@article{timmins_estimating_2006,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimating spatial differences in the Brazilian cost of
living with household location choices},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {80},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-83},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eoh&AN=0870767&site=ehost-live&scope=site},
Keywords = {Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis D120, Economic
Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income
Distribution; Migration O150, Other Production and Pricing
Analysis R320, Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics:
Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population;
Neighborhood Characteristics R230},
Abstract = {This paper uses a model of optimal household residential
decisions to construct a comprehensive "true" spatial cost
of living index with readily available Brazilian census
data. We find evidence of a decreasing or U-shaped
relationship (differing with education level and region)
between the cost of living and urbanization, suggesting that
both market disintegration and congestion play roles in
raising costs. Controlling for spatial differences in the
cost of living is shown to have important consequences for
the determinants of poverty and (contrary to many previous
results) to increase income inequality. © 2005 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2005.02.006},
Key = {timmins_estimating_2006}
}
@article{Timmins06a,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Endogenous land use and the Ricardian valuation of climate
change},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {119-142},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-005-2646-9},
Keywords = {Endogenous land • Ricardian technique},
Abstract = {The Ricardian technique uses cross-sectional variation in
the capitalized value of climate in land to infer the
agricultural costs or benefits of dynamic climate change.
While a practical approach for predicting the consequences
of global warming with readily available data, it may yield
biased results when land-use decisions depend on the climate
attributes being valued and when land has unobserved
attributes that differ with the use to which it is put. This
paper illustrates the conditions under which such a bias
will occur, describes an empirical model that corrects for
it, and estimates that model with agricultural census data
from Brazil. The approach, moreover, allows constraints on
adjustment to be explicitly incorporated into the Ricardian
framework, relaxing one of that technique's most conspicuous
assumptions. © Springer 2006.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-005-2646-9},
Key = {Timmins06a}
}
@article{Nou05,
Author = {Nou, J and Timmins, C},
Title = {How do changes in welfare law affect domestic violence? An
analysis of Connecticut towns, 1990-2000},
Journal = {The Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {445-469},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0047-2530},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/429847},
Keywords = {Domestic violence • Time limits • Welfare reform
• Welfare to work • Work mandates},
Abstract = {The 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity
Reconciliation Act transformed welfare from an ongoing cash
assistance program by restricting participation through time
limits and emphasizing rapid entrance into the labor force.
Changes in welfare dependency induced by these legal reforms
had the potential to impact rates of domestic violence.
Using decennial census, welfare caseload, and police report
data, this paper investigates the introduction of time
limits and work mandates across Connecticut towns. For a
variety of reasons, Connecticut proves to be an ideal
laboratory from which to obtain evidence. We find that rates
of domestic violence fell in Connecticut with the passage of
the new welfare law, especially in towns most subject to the
law's provisions. Using Federal Bureau of Investigation
Uniform Crime Report data, we also find evidence that such
results hold independent of the reform's effects on other
personal crimes and crimes in general. © 2005 by The
University of Chicago. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/429847},
Key = {Nou05}
}
@article{Bayer05,
Author = {Bayer, P and Timmins, C},
Title = {On the equilibrium properties of locational sorting
models},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {462-477},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2004.12.008},
Keywords = {Agglomeration • Congestion • Discrete choice
models • Economic geography • Endogenous sorting
• Local spillovers • Natural advantage •
random utility • Social interactions},
Abstract = {Important to many models of location choice is the role of
local interactions or spillovers, whereby the payoffs from
choosing a location depend in part on the number or
attributes of other individuals or firms that choose the
same or nearby locations in equilibrium. This paper develops
the equilibrium properties of a broadly applicable and
readily estimable class of sorting models that allow
location decisions to depend on both fixed local attributes
(including unobserved attributes) and local interactions,
describes the conditions under which equilibria exist and
are unique, and provides a test for uniqueness in empirical
analyses of sorting equilibrium. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2004.12.008},
Key = {Bayer05}
}
@article{Timmins05,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimable equilibrium models of locational sorting and their
role in development economics},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Geography},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {83-100},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnlecg/lbh055},
Keywords = {Agglomeration • Congestion • Discrete choice
models • Economic geography • Endogenous location
choice • Local spillovers • Natural
advantage},
Abstract = {Geography plays a prominent role in many problems in
development economics - directly in analyses of the spatial
distribution of important variables like poverty and
productivity, and indirectly through the role of local
spillovers in economic growth. Empirical work on these
topics is complicated by the fact that the behavioral
consequences of such spillovers cannot be distinguished from
those of unobservable local attributes using only the
observed location decisions of individuals or firms. This
problem can be solved with an instrumental variables
strategy derived from the internal logic of a structural
model of residential sorting. We show practically how the
strategy is implemented, provide intuition for the
instruments and econometric identification, demonstrate how
traditional techniques overstate agglomeration
externalities, and use the model to value changes in
spillovers from urban centers. © Oxford University Press
2005; all rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/jnlecg/lbh055},
Key = {Timmins05}
}
@article{fds239095,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Demand-Side Technology Standards Under Inefficient Pricing
Regimes: Are They Effective Water Conservation Tools in the
Long-Run?},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-124},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025689706396},
Abstract = {When price-setting regulators have objectives other than
maximizing social surplus, the conservation potential of
demand-side technology standards can be significantly
diminished. This paper demonstrates this by empirically
recovering the socially sub-optimal preferences of a group
of water managers in a groundwater-dependent region of
California and simulating their inefficient price response
to the mandated adoption of low-flow appliances by
homeowners. The resulting reduction in the conservation
potential of these appliances is quantified, and a modest
tax is shown to be a relatively cost-effective policy tool
for conservation. If non-price conservation policies are
preferred according to equity criteria, the paper suggests
that, in order to preserve their conservation potential,
policy-makers should be required to continue to set prices
as if no technology standards had been introduced.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1025689706396},
Key = {fds239095}
}
@article{fds239093,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Does the median voter consume too much water? Analyzing the
redistributive role of residential water
bills},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {687-702},
Publisher = {National Tax Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2042 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {According to allocative efficiency criteria, water in the
American West is often underpriced in urban sales. The
political-economic process that motivates municipal managers
to impose the resulting deadweight losses on their
constituencies is analyzed with a median voter model of
choice between alternative municipal revenue sources. The
implications of this model are tested empirically, and the
results confirm the conclusions of previous empirical
research by suggesting that cities with more skewed income
distributions tend to engage in more redistributive
activities than other conditionally similar
communities.},
Doi = {10.17310/ntj.2002.4.02},
Key = {fds239093}
}
@article{fds239094,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Measuring the dynamic efficiency costs of regulators'
preferences: Municipal water utilities in the Arid
West},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {603-629},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1868 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Evidence suggests that municipal water utility
administrators in the western US price water significantly
below its marginal cost and, in so doing, inefficiently
exploit aquifer stocks and induce social surplus losses.
This paper empirically identifies the objective function of
those managers, measures the deadweight losses resulting
from their price-discounting decisions, and recovers the
efficient water pricing policy function from counterfactual
experiments. In doing so, the estimation uses a
"continuous-but-constrained-control" version of a nested
fixed-point algorithm in order to measure the important
intertemporal consequences of groundwater pricing
decisions.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0262.00297},
Key = {fds239094}
}
%% Chapters in Books
@misc{fds360067,
Author = {Liang, W and Song, R and Timmins, C},
Title = {The Role of Migration Costs in Residential
Sorting},
Pages = {251-283},
Booktitle = {Urban Book Series},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74544-8_4},
Abstract = {Economists generally employ two ‘revealed preference’
approaches to measure households’ preferences for
non-market amenities—the hedonic and equilibrium sorting
models. The conventional hedonic model assumes free mobility
across space. Violation of this assumption can bias the
estimates of household willingness to pay for local
amenities. Mobility constraints are more easily handled by
the sorting framework. In this chapter, we examine the role
of migration costs in household residential sorting and
apply these two models to estimate the willingness to pay
for clean air in the USA and China. Our results demonstrate
that ignoring mobility costs in spatial sorting will
underestimate the implicit value of non-market amenities in
both countries. Such a downward bias is larger in developing
countries, such as China, where migration costs are
higher.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-74544-8_4},
Key = {fds360067}
}
@misc{fds349758,
Author = {Moi, T},
Title = {Introduction},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {iii},
Booktitle = {Camille The Lady of the Camellias, by Alexandre Dumas
Fils},
Publisher = {Signet Classics},
Year = {2003},
ISBN = {0451529200},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/693389},
Abstract = {With a new introduction, this Signet Classic is the only
available paperback edition of Camille, the instantly-famous
story of passion versus class that remains as timeless as
love itself.},
Doi = {10.1086/693389},
Key = {fds349758}
}
%% Other
@misc{fds210363,
Author = {C.D. Timmins},
Title = {Course Syllabus for Econ 881: "Hedonics and Non-Market
Valuation and Equilibrium Sorting"},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds210363}
}
@misc{fds210364,
Author = {C.D. Timmins},
Title = {Course Syllabus for Econ 439/Enviro 363: "Economics of the
Environment"},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds210364}
}
| |
Duke University * Arts & Sciences * Economics * Faculty * Research * Staff * Master's * Ph.D. * Reload * Login | ||
