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| Publications of Scott H. Kollins :chronological alphabetical combined listing:
%% Journal Articles
@article{fds369377,
Author = {Fuemmeler, BF and Glasgow, TE and Schechter, JC and Maguire, R and Sheng, Y and Bidopia, T and Barsell, DJ and Ksinan, A and Zhang, J and Lin,
Y and Hoyo, C and Murphy, S and Qin, J and Wang, X and Kollins,
S},
Title = {Prenatal and Childhood Smoke Exposure Associations with
Cognition, Language, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder.},
Journal = {J Pediatr},
Volume = {256},
Pages = {77-84.e1},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.11.041},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationships of prenatal and
childhood smoke exposure with specific neurodevelopmental
and behavioral problems during early childhood. STUDY
DESIGN: A subsample (n = 386) of mother-child dyads from
the Newborn Epigenetic Study (NEST) prebirth cohort
participated in the study. Cotinine concentrations were used
to objectively measure prenatal and childhood smoke exposure
when youth were aged 3-13 years. Multivariable regression
models were used to estimate associations of prenatal and
childhood cotinine concentrations with performance on the
National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox and
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and behavioral
symptoms, measured using the Behavior Assessment System for
Children, 2nd edition (BASC-2). RESULTS: After adjusting for
confounders, childhood cotinine concentrations were
associated with poorer cognitive performance on tasks
measuring cognitive flexibility (B = -1.29; P = .03),
episodic memory (B = -0.97; P = .02), receptive language
development (B = -0.58; P = .01), and inhibitory control
and attention (B = -1.59; P = .006). Although childhood
cotinine concentration was associated with higher levels of
attention problems (B = 0.83; P = .004) on the BASC-2,
after adjustment for confounders, the association is
nonsignificant. Although associations for maternal cotinine
concentrations were null, an interaction was detected
between prenatal and childhood cotinine concentrations on
the NIH Toolbox Picture Vocabulary Task (P = .02).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that childhood tobacco
smoke exposure may lead to poorer attention regulation and
language acquisition, complex visual processing ability, and
attention problems.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.11.041},
Key = {fds369377}
}
@article{fds370421,
Author = {Taquet, M and Griffiths, K and Palmer, EOC and Ker, S and Liman, C and Wee,
SN and Kollins, SH and Patel, R},
Title = {Early trajectory of clinical global impression as a
transdiagnostic predictor of psychiatric hospitalisation: a
retrospective cohort study.},
Journal = {Lancet Psychiatry},
Volume = {10},
Number = {5},
Pages = {334-341},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(23)00066-4},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Identifying patients most at risk of psychiatric
hospitalisation is crucial to improving service provision
and patient outcomes. Existing predictors focus on specific
clinical scenarios and are not validated with real-world
data, limiting their translational potential. This study
aimed to determine whether early trajectories of Clinical
Global Impression Severity are predictors of 6 month risk of
hospitalisation. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study
used data from the NeuroBlu database, an electronic health
records network from 25 US mental health-care providers.
Patients with an ICD-9 or ICD-10 code of major depressive
disorder, bipolar disorder, generalised anxiety disorder,
post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia or
schizoaffective disorder, ADHD, or personality disorder were
included. Using this cohort, we assessed whether clinical
severity and instability (operationalised using Clinical
Global Impression Severity measurements) during a 2-month
period were predictors of psychiatric hospitalisation within
the next 6 months. FINDINGS: 36 914 patients were included
(mean age 29·7 years [SD 17·5]; 21 156 [57·3%] female,
15 748 [42·7%] male; 20 559 [55·7%] White, 4842
[13·1%] Black or African American, 286 [0·8%] Native
Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, 300 [0·8%] Asian, 139
[0·4%] American Indian or Alaska Native, 524 (1·4%) other
or mixed race, and 10 264 [27·8%] of unknown race).
Clinical severity and instability were independent
predictors of risk of hospitalisation (adjusted hazard ratio
[HR] 1·09, 95% CI 1·07-1·10 for every SD increase in
instability; 1·11, 1·09-1·12 for every SD increase in
severity; p<0·0001 for both). These associations were
consistent across all diagnoses, age groups, and in both
males and females, as well as in several robustness
analyses, including when clinical severity and clinical
instability were based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9
rather than Clinical Global Impression Severity
measurements. Patients in the top half of the cohort for
both clinical severity and instability were at an increased
risk of hospitalisation compared with those in the bottom
half along both dimensions (HR 1·45, 95% CI 1·39-1·52;
p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION: Clinical instability and
severity are independent predictors of future risk of
hospitalisation, across diagnoses, age groups, and in both
males and females. These findings could help clinicians make
prognoses and screen patients who are most likely to benefit
from intensive interventions, as well as help health-care
providers plan service provisions by adding additional
detail to risk prediction tools that incorporate other risk
factors. FUNDING: National Institute for Health and Care
Research, National Institute for Health and Care Research
Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, Medical Research
Council, Academy of Medical Sciences, and
Holmusk.},
Doi = {10.1016/S2215-0366(23)00066-4},
Key = {fds370421}
}
@article{fds365163,
Author = {Vosburg, SK and Faraone, SV and Riley, E and Whitaker, T and Kardish, J and Baker, D and Kollins, SH and Rush, CR},
Title = {Intranasal Use of Prescription Stimulants Among Adults Aged
18 to 30: Results From A Crowdsourcing Platform.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {14-25},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10870547221112948},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Few studies of prescription stimulant non-oral,
non-medical use (NMU) (defined by use not as prescribed)
have been conducted in adults beyond the college population.
The purpose of this study was to characterize prescription
stimulant non-oral use, specifically intranasal (IN) use
(snorting) in young adults. METHOD: Amazon's MTurk platform
was used to recruit participants for an online survey. Data
were collected from March to April 2020. RESULTS: Thirty-two
percent (n = 157) of survey respondents (N = 975), aged 18
to 30, reported IN prescription stimulant use (average of
32.1 episodes of lifetime IN use). Adderall was the
most-reported prescription stimulant used intranasally
(89.2%). Most IN users (82%; n = 68) reported spending no
more than 5 minutes tampering with prescription stimulants.
Intranasal users said they would take the medication orally
if unable to tamper or manipulate medication for IN use.
CONCLUSION: These data help quantify a complex public health
issue of ongoing IN use of prescription stimulants and
suggest a potential role for manipulation-deterrent
medications.},
Doi = {10.1177/10870547221112948},
Key = {fds365163}
}
@article{fds367391,
Author = {Carpenter, KLH and Davis, NO and Spanos, M and Sabatos-DeVito, M and Aiello, R and Baranek, GT and Compton, SN and Egger, HL and Franz, L and Kim, S-J and King, BH and Kolevzon, A and McDougle, CJ and Sanders, K and Veenstra-VanderWeele, J and Sikich, L and Kollins, SH and Dawson,
G},
Title = {Adaptive Behavior in Young Autistic Children: Associations
with Irritability and ADHD Symptoms.},
Journal = {J Autism Dev Disord},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05753-2},
Abstract = {Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms
affect 40-60% of autistic children and have been linked to
differences in adaptive behavior. It is unclear whether
adaptive behavior in autistic youth is directly impacted by
co-occurring ADHD symptoms or by another associated feature
of both autism and ADHD, such as increased irritability. The
current study examined relationships between irritability,
ADHD symptoms, and adaptive behavior in 3- to 7-year-old
autistic children. Results suggest that, after adjusting for
co-occurring ADHD symptoms, higher levels of irritability
are associated with differences in social adaptive behavior
specifically. Understanding relationships between
irritability, ADHD, and adaptive behavior in autistic
children is critical because measures of adaptive behavior,
such as the Vineland Scales of Adaptive Functioning, are
often used as a proxy for global functioning, as well as for
developing intervention plans and measuring outcomes as
primary endpoints in clinical trials.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10803-022-05753-2},
Key = {fds367391}
}
@article{fds363053,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Wang, KW and Kollins, SH and Chung, RJ and Keller, C and Engelhard, MM},
Title = {Regularity and Timing of Sleep Patterns and Behavioral
Health Among Adolescents.},
Journal = {J Dev Behav Pediatr},
Volume = {43},
Number = {4},
Pages = {188-196},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000001013},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Sleep is vital to supporting adolescent
behavioral health and functioning; however, sleep
disturbances remain under-recognized and undertreated in
many health care settings. One barrier is the complexity of
sleep, which makes it difficult for providers to determine
which aspects-beyond sleep duration-may be most important to
assess and treat to support adolescent health. This study
examined associations between 2 sleep indices (regularity
and timing) and adolescent behavioral health and functioning
over and above the impact of shortened/fragmented sleep.
METHOD: Eighty-nine adolescents recruited from the community
(mean age = 14.04, 45% female participants) completed 7
days/nights of actigraphy and, along with a parent/guardian,
reported on behavioral health (internalizing and
externalizing symptoms) and psychosocial functioning.
Stepwise linear regressions examined associations between
sleep timing and regularity and behavioral/functional
outcomes after accounting for shortened/fragmented sleep.
RESULTS: Delayed sleep timing was associated with greater
self-reported internalizing (F[6,82] = 11.57, p = 0.001) and
externalizing (F[6,82] = 11.12, p = 0.001) symptoms after
accounting for shortened/fragmented sleep. Irregular sleep
was associated with greater self-reported and
parent-reported externalizing symptoms (self: F[7,81] =
6.55, p = 0.01; parent: F[7,80] = 6.20, p = 0.01) and lower
psychosocial functioning (self: F[7,81] = 6.03, p = 0.02;
parent: F[7,78] = 3.99, p < 0.05) after accounting for both
shortened/fragmented sleep and delayed sleep timing.
CONCLUSION: Sleep regularity and timing may be critical for
understanding the risk of poor behavioral health and
functional deficits among adolescents and as prevention and
intervention targets. Future work should focus on developing
and evaluating convenient, low-cost, and effective methods
for addressing delayed and/or irregular adolescent sleep
patterns in real-world health care settings.},
Doi = {10.1097/DBP.0000000000001013},
Key = {fds363053}
}
@article{fds363210,
Author = {Patel, R and Wee, SN and Ramaswamy, R and Thadani, S and Tandi, J and Garg,
R and Calvanese, N and Valko, M and Rush, AJ and Rentería, ME and Sarkar,
J and Kollins, SH},
Title = {NeuroBlu, an electronic health record (EHR) trusted research
environment (TRE) to support mental healthcare analytics
with real-world data.},
Journal = {Bmj Open},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e057227},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057227},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: NeuroBlu is a real-world data (RWD) repository that
contains deidentified electronic health record (EHR) data
from US mental healthcare providers operating the MindLinc
EHR system. NeuroBlu enables users to perform statistical
analysis through a secure web-based interface. Structured
data are available for sociodemographic characteristics,
mental health service contacts, hospital admissions,
International Classification of Diseases ICD-9/ICD-10
diagnosis, prescribed medications, family history of mental
disorders, Clinical Global Impression-Severity and
Improvement (CGI-S/CGI-I) and Global Assessment of
Functioning (GAF). To further enhance the data set, natural
language processing (NLP) tools have been applied to obtain
mental state examination (MSE) and social/environmental
data. This paper describes the development and
implementation of NeuroBlu, the procedures to safeguard data
integrity and security and how the data set supports the
generation of real-world evidence (RWE) in mental health.
PARTICIPANTS: As of 31 July 2021, 562 940 individuals
(48.9% men) were present in the data set with a mean age of
33.4 years (SD: 18.4 years). The most frequently recorded
diagnoses were substance use disorders (1 52 790
patients), major depressive disorder (1 29 120 patients)
and anxiety disorders (1 03 923 patients). The median
duration of follow-up was 7 months (IQR: 1.3 to 24.4
months). FINDINGS TO DATE: The data set has supported
epidemiological studies demonstrating increased risk of
psychiatric hospitalisation and reduced antidepressant
treatment effectiveness among people with comorbid substance
use disorders. It has also been used to develop data
visualisation tools to support clinical decision-making,
evaluate comparative effectiveness of medications, derive
models to predict treatment response and develop NLP
applications to obtain clinical information from
unstructured EHR data. FUTURE PLANS: The NeuroBlu data set
will be further analysed to better understand factors
related to poor clinical outcome, treatment responsiveness
and the development of predictive analytic tools that may be
incorporated into the source EHR system to support real-time
clinical decision-making in the delivery of mental
healthcare services.},
Doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057227},
Key = {fds363210}
}
@article{fds362461,
Author = {Breslav, ADS and Zucker, NL and Schechter, JC and Majors, A and Bidopia,
T and Fuemmeler, BF and Kollins, SH and Huettel, SA},
Title = {Shuffle the Decks: Children Are Sensitive to Incidental
Nonrandom Structure in a Sequential-Choice
Task.},
Journal = {Psychol Sci},
Volume = {33},
Number = {4},
Pages = {550-562},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09567976211042007},
Abstract = {As children age, they can learn increasingly complex
features of environmental structure-a key prerequisite for
adaptive decision-making. Yet when we tested children (N =
304, 4-13 years old) in the Children's Gambling Task, an
age-appropriate variant of the Iowa Gambling Task, we found
that age was negatively associated with performance.
However, this paradoxical effect of age was found only in
children who exhibited a maladaptive deplete-replenish bias,
a tendency to shift choices after positive outcomes and
repeat choices after negative outcomes. We found that this
bias results from sensitivity to incidental nonrandom
structure in the canonical, deterministic forms of these
tasks-and that it would actually lead to optimal outcomes if
the tasks were not deterministic. Our results illustrate
that changes in decision-making across early childhood
reflect, in part, increasing sensitivity to environmental
structure.},
Doi = {10.1177/09567976211042007},
Key = {fds362461}
}
@article{fds363211,
Author = {White, MJ and Schechter, JC and Neely, B and Reyes, C and Maguire, RL and Perrin, EM and Ksinan, AJ and Kollins, SH and Fuemmeler,
BF},
Title = {Parenting Stress, Child Weight-Related Behaviors, and Child
Weight Status.},
Journal = {Child Obes},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {150-159},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/chi.2021.0098},
Abstract = {Background: There has been limited examination of the
association between parenting stress and child
weight-related behaviors. We aimed to determine whether
parenting stress is associated with child weight-related
behaviors, including physical activity, screen time, diet,
sedentary time, and eating in the absence of hunger (EAH).
Secondarily, we assessed association between parenting
stress and child weight status. Methods: Mother-child dyads
(N = 291) enrolled in the Newborn Epigenetic STudy
(NEST), a longitudinal cohort study, completed surveys to
describe parenting stress, and child diet. Children
participated in the EAH task and wore accelerometers to
assess sedentary time and physical activity. Child weight
status was assessed using measured height and weight.
Outcomes and exposures were examined using generalized
linear models and restricted cubic splines as appropriate
based on linear lack-of-fit test. Results: Child sedentary
time and vegetable consumption were inversely associated
with parenting stress (Total Stress B = -0.78; 95%
confidence interval [CI]: -1.35 to -0.20; p = 0.017; and
Total Stress adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.98; 95% CI:
0.99 to 1.00; p = 0.022, respectively). Child screen
time was directly associated with parenting stress (Total
Stress = aOR 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.02; p = 0.032).
Fast-food intake was nonlinearly associated with parenting
stress. There was no evidence of association between
parenting stress and child EAH, physical activity, or weight
status. Associations between parenting stress and child
weight-related behaviors were not moderated by race or
family structure. Conclusions: Parenting stress was
associated with important child weight-related behaviors but
not weight status. Management of parenting stress may
represent a reasonable adjunct to family-based behavioral
interventions.},
Doi = {10.1089/chi.2021.0098},
Key = {fds363211}
}
@article{fds362379,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Kollins, SH and Kansagra, S and Wang, KW and Engelhard, MM},
Title = {Impact of daily caffeine intake and timing on
electroencephalogram-measured sleep in adolescents.},
Journal = {J Clin Sleep Med},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {877-884},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.9736},
Abstract = {STUDY OBJECTIVES: Caffeine use is ubiquitous among
adolescents and may be harmful to sleep, with downstream
implications for health and development. Research has been
limited by self-reported and/or aggregated measures of sleep
and caffeine collected at a single time point. This study
examines bidirectional associations between daily caffeine
consumption and electroencephalogram-measured sleep among
adolescents and explores whether these relationships depend
on timing of caffeine use. METHODS: Ninety-eight adolescents
aged 11-17 (mean =14.38, standard deviation = 1.77; 50%
female) participated in 7 consecutive nights of at-home
sleep electroencephalography and completed a daily diary
querying morning, afternoon, and evening caffeine use.
Linear mixed-effects regressions examined relationships
between caffeine consumption and total sleep time,
sleep-onset latency, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep
onset, and time spent in sleep stages. Impact of sleep
indices on next-day caffeine use was also examined. RESULTS:
Increased total caffeine consumption was associated was
increased sleep-onset latency (β = .13; 95% CI = .06, .21;
P < .001) and reduced total sleep time (β = -.17; 95%
confidence interval [CI] = -.31, -.02; P = .02), sleep
efficiency (β = -1.59; 95% CI = -2.51, -.67; P < .001), and
rapid eye movement sleep (β = -.12; 95% CI = -.19, -.05; P
< .001). Findings were driven by afternoon and evening
caffeine consumption. Reduced sleep efficiency was
associated with increased afternoon caffeine intake the
following day (β = -.006; 95% CI = -.012, -.001; P = .01).
CONCLUSIONS: Caffeine consumption, especially afternoon and
evening use, impacts several aspects of adolescent sleep
health. In contrast, most sleep indicators did not affect
next-day caffeine use, suggesting multiple drivers of
adolescent caffeine consumption. Federal mandates requiring
caffeine content labeling and behavioral interventions
focused on reducing caffeine intake may support adolescent
sleep health. CITATION: Lunsford-Avery JR, Kollins SH,
Kansagra S, Wang KW, Engelhard MM. Impact of daily caffeine
intake and timing on electroencephalogram-measured sleep in
adolescents. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(3):877-884.},
Doi = {10.5664/jcsm.9736},
Key = {fds362379}
}
@article{fds362181,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {Editorial: The gathering storm: a US perspective on the
scientific response to the COVID-19 child and adolescent
mental health crisis.},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {63},
Number = {2},
Pages = {129-131},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13576},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.13576},
Key = {fds362181}
}
@article{fds354180,
Author = {Dew, RE and Kollins, SH and Koenig, HG},
Title = {ADHD, Religiosity, and Psychiatric Comorbidity in
Adolescence and Adulthood.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {307-318},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054720972803},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Religiosity has been repeatedly proposed as
protective in the development of depression, sociopathy and
addictions. ADHD frequently co-occurs with these same
conditions. Although ADHD symptoms may affect religious
practice, religiosity in ADHD remains unexplored. METHOD:
Analyses examined data from >8000 subjects aged 12 to 34 in
four waves of the Add Health Study. Relationships of
religious variables with childhood ADHD symptoms were
statistically evaluated. Observed correlations of ADHD
symptoms to depression, delinquency, and substance use were
tested for mediation and moderation by religiosity. RESULTS:
ADHD symptoms correlated with lower levels of all religious
variables at nearly all waves. In some analyses at Wave IV,
prayer and attendance interacted with ADHD to predict
worsened psychopathology. CONCLUSION: ADHD symptoms
predicted lower engagement in religious life. In adulthood,
some aspects of religiosity interacted with ADHD symptoms to
predict worse outcomes. Further research should explore
whether lower religiosity partially explains prevalent
comorbidities in ADHD.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054720972803},
Key = {fds354180}
}
@article{fds357344,
Author = {Franz, L and Howard, J and Viljoen, M and Sikich, L and Chandrasekhar,
T and Kollins, SH and Lee, L and Ndlovu, M and Sabatos-DeVito, M and Seris,
N and Shabalala, N and Spanos, M and de Vries, PJ and Dawson,
G},
Title = {Pragmatic adaptations of telehealth-delivered caregiver
coaching for children with autism in the context of
COVID-19: Perspectives from the United States and South
Africa.},
Journal = {Autism},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {270-275},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211022585},
Abstract = {COVID-19 caused many autism spectrum disorder
caregiver-coaching studies to move to telehealth. Telehealth
can increase the diversity of people who take part in
research. This matters because most autism spectrum disorder
studies have included people who have resources, are White,
and live in North America and Europe. When study
participants are similar, it is hard to understand which
interventions can help different types of people who live in
different parts of the world. While telehealth may allow
more people to take part in research, it needs to "fit" the
local context and consider the "digital divide" because many
people around the world have no access to computers and the
Internet. This short report describes changes to two
research studies that include caregiver coaching based on
the Early Start Denver Model in the United States and South
Africa. We describe how the local context, including
technology and Internet access, guided the telehealth
approach. By doing so, we highlight ways to make telehealth
available to more people around the world. The pandemic can
help us understand how telehealth can "fit" diverse places
and support high-quality research. It is important that
study changes are tracked and we assess how well the changes
work. COVID-19 telehealth changes to caregiver coaching can
result in new ways to reach more people around the
world.},
Doi = {10.1177/13623613211022585},
Key = {fds357344}
}
@article{fds361210,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Engelhard, MM and Navar, AM and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {Author Correction: Validation of the Sleep Regularity Index
in Older Adults and Associations with Cardiometabolic
Risk.},
Journal = {Scientific Reports},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {24398},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-03253-4},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-03253-4},
Key = {fds361210}
}
@article{fds352608,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Sweitzer, MM and Kollins, SH and Mitchell,
JT},
Title = {Eveningness Diurnal Preference: Putting the "Sluggish" in
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {25},
Number = {14},
Pages = {2060-2067},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054720959697},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Eveningness diurnal preference is common in
psychiatric conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) and internalizing disorders. Little is known
about how diurnal preference relates to sluggish cognitive
tempo (SCT)-a distinct clinical construct associated with
functional impairment-in clinical samples. METHOD: Adult
outpatients (n = 65; 43 with ADHD, 22 with
internalizing/adjustment disorders) self-reported on SCT
symptoms (total symptoms; slow/daydreamy, sleepy/sluggish,
and low initiation/persistence factors) and diurnal
preference. RESULTS: Greater eveningness was associated with
overall SCT severity and sleepy/sluggish symptoms in the
full sample. Relationships between eveningness and overall
SCT severity and slow/daydreamy symptoms were stronger for
those with internalizing/adjustment disorders compared to
ADHD. The relationship between eveningness and
sleepy/sluggish symptoms was uniform across groups.
CONCLUSION: Findings suggest a potential role of eveningness
preference in adult SCT presentation. Future studies should
investigate underlying mechanisms linking these two
constructs and the efficacy of circadian interventions in
the treatment of SCT among adult outpatients.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054720959697},
Key = {fds352608}
}
@article{fds360051,
Author = {García-Marín, LM and Campos, AI and Cuéllar-Partida, G and Medland, SE and Kollins, SH and Rentería, ME},
Title = {Large-scale genetic investigation reveals genetic liability
to multiple complex traits influencing a higher risk of
ADHD.},
Journal = {Scientific Reports},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {22628},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01517-7},
Abstract = {Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex
psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorder that develops
during childhood and spans into adulthood. ADHD's aetiology
is complex, and evidence about its cause and risk factors is
limited. We leveraged genetic data from genome-wide
association studies (GWAS) and performed latent causal
variable analyses using a hypothesis-free approach to infer
causal associations between 1387 complex traits and ADHD. We
identified 37 inferred potential causal associations with
ADHD risk. Our results reveal that genetic variants
associated with iron deficiency anemia (ICD10), obesity,
type 2 diabetes, synovitis and tenosynovitis (ICD10),
polyarthritis (ICD10), neck or shoulder pain, and substance
use in adults display partial genetic causality on ADHD risk
in children. Genetic variants associated with ADHD have a
partial genetic causality increasing the risk for chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease and carpal tunnel syndrome.
Protective factors for ADHD risk included genetic variants
associated with the likelihood of participating in socially
supportive and interactive activities. Our results show that
genetic liability to multiple complex traits influences a
higher risk for ADHD, highlighting the potential role of
cardiometabolic phenotypes and physical pain in ADHD's
aetiology. These findings have the potential to inform
future clinical studies and development of
interventions.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-01517-7},
Key = {fds360051}
}
@article{fds360052,
Author = {Weiss, MD and Cutler, AJ and Kollins, SH and Donnelly,
GAE},
Title = {Efficacy and Safety of a Long-Acting Multilayer-Release
Methylphenidate Formulation (PRC-063) in the Treatment of
Adolescent Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A
Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial with a 6-Month
Open-Label Extension.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {31},
Number = {9},
Pages = {610-622},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2021.0034},
Abstract = {Objectives: To study the safety and efficacy of the
long-acting methylphenidate formulation PRC-063 in
adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD). Methods: Adolescents 12 to ≤17 years who met
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM)-5 criteria for ADHD and had a baseline ADHD Rating
Scale DSM-5 (ADHD-5-RS) score ≥24 participated in a
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose,
parallel-group study. Participants were randomized 1:1:1:1:1
to receive placebo or one of four doses of PRC-063 once
daily for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from
baseline in least-squares mean clinician-rated ADHD-5-RS
total score for PRC-063 (all doses combined) versus placebo.
Other efficacy assessments included Conners third Edition:
Self-Report (C3SR) and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement
(CGI-I). A subset of double-blind study participants entered
a subsequent open-label, dose-optimized study. Safety
outcomes in both studies included treatment-emergent adverse
events (TEAEs). Results: Three hundred fifty-four
participants were included in the primary analysis. The
least-squares mean change from baseline in ADHD-5-RS total
score was -15.17 for PRC-063 versus -10.98 for placebo
(least-squares mean difference -4.2, p = 0.0067). For
individual PRC-063 doses, improvements in ADHD-5-RS total
score versus placebo were significant for 45 mg
(p = 0.0155) and 70 mg (p = 0.0401), but not for
25 or 85 mg. A significant improvement for PRC-063 versus
placebo was recorded for C3SR Inattention (p = 0.0168),
but not for the other C3SR subscales. About 52.7% of
participants randomized to PRC-063 were responders based on
CGI-I versus 32.4% of those randomized to placebo
(p = 0.0004). Further improvements in ADHD symptoms
based on ADHD-5-RS were observed from 1 month through 6
months of open-label treatment (p < 0.0001). There were
two serious adverse events (both during the open-label
study), one of which (aggressive behavior) was assessed as
related to study drug. The only TEAEs that occurred in >10%
of participants during double-blind treatment were decreased
appetite (20.1%) and headache (15.0%). Most TEAEs were of
mild or moderate severity. Conclusion: PRC-063 significantly
improved ADHD symptomatology in adolescents. It was
generally well tolerated, with an AE profile consistent with
other long-acting stimulants. NCT02139111 and
NCT02168127.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2021.0034},
Key = {fds360052}
}
@article{fds360053,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Braeckman, R and Guenther, S and Barrett, AC and Mickle,
TC and Oh, C and Marraffino, A and Cutler, AJ and Brams,
MN},
Title = {A Randomized, Controlled Laboratory Classroom Study of
Serdexmethylphenidate and d-Methylphenidate Capsules in
Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {31},
Number = {9},
Pages = {597-609},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2021.0077},
Abstract = {Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of
once-daily serdexmethylphenidate/dexmethylphenidate
(SDX/d-MPH) capsules (Azstarys™) compared with placebo in
children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) in a randomized, double-blind, dose-optimized
laboratory classroom study. Methods: Children ages 6-12 with
ADHD were enrolled. During a 3-week, open-label, Dose
Optimization Phase, subjects initiated treatment with
39.2 mg/7.8 mg/day of SDX/d-MPH and were titrated weekly
to an optimal dose (maximum dose of 52.3/10.4 mg). During
the double-blind Treatment Phase, subjects were randomized
to receive their optimal dose of SDX/d-MPH or placebo for 7
days. On day 7, efficacy was assessed in the laboratory
classroom using the Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn, and
Pelham (SKAMP) Rating Scale and Permanent Product Measure of
Performance (PERMP). To evaluate safety, adverse events
(AEs), vital signs, and electrocardiograms were assessed,
and suicide risk was assessed. Results: A total of 149
subjects completed the study. In the primary efficacy
analysis, the mean postdose change from baseline in
SKAMP-Combined scores averaged over the laboratory classroom
day was significantly improved with SDX/d-MPH versus placebo
(least-squares mean treatment difference [95% confidence
interval]: -5.41 [-7.10 to -3.71]; p < 0.001). A
significant treatment effect for SDX/d-MPH compared with
placebo was observed from 1 to 10 hours postdose. A post hoc
analysis more comparable with that conducted in similar
studies indicated a 0.5- to 13-hour onset and duration of
efficacy. Both average postdose PERMP-Attempted and
PERMP-Correct score changes from baseline were significantly
improved among those treated with SDX/d-MPH versus placebo
(p < 0.001 for both). No serious AEs were reported.
During the Dose Optimization Phase, two-thirds of subjects
reported AEs; the most common being insomnia and decreased
appetite. Conclusions: SDX/d-MPH showed significant
improvement in ADHD symptoms compared with placebo in
children 6-12 years of age, with a rapid onset and extended
duration of treatment effect. SDX/d-MPH was safe, with AEs
comparable with those observed with other stimulant
treatments.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2021.0077},
Key = {fds360053}
}
@article{fds359068,
Author = {Engelhard, M and Berchuck, S and Garg, J and Rusincovitch, S and Dawson,
G and Kollins, S},
Title = {Patterns of Health Services Use Before Age 1 in Children
Later Diagnosed With ADHD.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {25},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1639},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054720914352},
Abstract = {Background: Children with ADHD have 2 to 3 times increased
health care utilization and annual costs once diagnosed, but
little is known about utilization patterns early in life,
prior to diagnosis. Quantifying early health services use
among children later diagnosed with ADHD could help us
understand the early life impact of the disorder and uncover
health care utilization patterns associated with higher ADHD
risk. Methods: Electronic health record (EHR) data from the
Duke University Health System (DUHS) was analyzed for
patients born October 1, 2006-October 1, 2016. Those with at
least two well-child visits before age 1 were grouped as
ADHD or not ADHD based on retrospective billing codes.
Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for hospital admissions,
procedures, emergency department (ED) visits, and outpatient
clinic encounters before age 1 were compared between groups
via logistic regression controlling for sex, race, and
ethnicity. Results: ADHD diagnoses were identified in 1,315
(4.4%) of 29,929 patients meeting criteria. Before age 1,
individuals with ADHD had 60% increased odds of hospital
admission, 58% increased odds of visiting the emergency
department, and 41% increased odds of procedures (p <
.0001), including 4.7-fold increased odds of blood
transfusion (p < .0001). They also had more outpatient
clinic visits (μ = 14.7 vs. μ = 12.5, p < .0001),
including 52% increased odds of visiting a medical
specialist, 38% increased odds of visiting a surgical
specialist, 70% increased odds of visiting a neonatologist,
and 71% increased odds of visiting an ophthalmologist (p <
.0001 for all AORs). In addition, individuals with ADHD had
6-fold increased odds of visits related to child abuse and
neglect (p = .0010). Conclusions: Children later diagnosed
with ADHD were more likely to be admitted to the hospital,
visit the ED, and visit specific medical and surgical
services before age 1. Future work will identify patterns of
health interactions unique to ADHD to stratify ADHD
risk.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054720914352},
Key = {fds359068}
}
@article{fds362561,
Author = {Weissler, EH and Naumann, T and Andersson, T and Ranganath, R and Elemento, O and Luo, Y and Freitag, DF and Benoit, J and Hughes, MC and Khan, F and Slater, P and Shameer, K and Roe, M and Hutchison, E and Kollins, SH and Broedl, U and Meng, Z and Wong, JL and Curtis, L and Huang,
E and Ghassemi, M},
Title = {Correction to: The role of machine learning in clinical
research: transforming the future of evidence
generation.},
Journal = {Trials},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {593},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05571-4},
Doi = {10.1186/s13063-021-05571-4},
Key = {fds362561}
}
@article{fds355387,
Author = {Faraone, SV and Banaschewski, T and Coghill, D and Zheng, Y and Biederman, J and Bellgrove, MA and Newcorn, JH and Gignac, M and Al
Saud, NM and Manor, I and Rohde, LA and Yang, L and Cortese, S and Almagor,
D and Stein, MA and Albatti, TH and Aljoudi, HF and Alqahtani, MMJ and Asherson, P and Atwoli, L and Bölte, S and Buitelaar, JK and Crunelle,
CL and Daley, D and Dalsgaard, S and Döpfner, M and Espinet, S and Fitzgerald, M and Franke, B and Gerlach, M and Haavik, J and Hartman,
CA and Hartung, CM and Hinshaw, SP and Hoekstra, PJ and Hollis, C and Kollins, SH and Sandra Kooij and JJ and Kuntsi, J and Larsson, H and Li, T and Liu, J and Merzon, E and Mattingly, G and Mattos, P and McCarthy, S and Mikami, AY and Molina, BSG and Nigg, JT and Purper-Ouakil, D and Omigbodun, OO and Polanczyk, GV and Pollak, Y and Poulton, AS and Rajkumar, RP and Reding, A and Reif, A and Rubia, K and Rucklidge, J and Romanos, M and Ramos-Quiroga, JA and Schellekens, A and Scheres, A and Schoeman, R and Schweitzer, JB and Shah, H and Solanto, MV and Sonuga-Barke, E and Soutullo, C and Steinhausen, H-C and Swanson, JM and Thapar, A and Tripp, G and van de Glind, G and van den Brink, W and Van
der Oord, S and Venter, A and Vitiello, B and Walitza, S and Wang,
Y},
Title = {The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus
Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the
disorder.},
Journal = {Neurosci Biobehav Rev},
Volume = {128},
Pages = {789-818},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.022},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Misconceptions about ADHD stigmatize affected
people, reduce credibility of providers, and prevent/delay
treatment. To challenge misconceptions, we curated findings
with strong evidence base. METHODS: We reviewed studies with
more than 2000 participants or meta-analyses from five or
more studies or 2000 or more participants. We excluded
meta-analyses that did not assess publication bias, except
for meta-analyses of prevalence. For network meta-analyses
we required comparison adjusted funnel plots. We excluded
treatment studies with waiting-list or treatment as usual
controls. From this literature, we extracted evidence-based
assertions about the disorder. RESULTS: We generated 208
empirically supported statements about ADHD. The status of
the included statements as empirically supported is approved
by 80 authors from 27 countries and 6 continents. The
contents of the manuscript are endorsed by 366 people who
have read this document and agree with its contents.
CONCLUSIONS: Many findings in ADHD are supported by
meta-analysis. These allow for firm statements about the
nature, course, outcome causes, and treatments for disorders
that are useful for reducing misconceptions and
stigma.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.022},
Key = {fds355387}
}
@article{fds355505,
Author = {Perochon, S and Di Martino and M and Aiello, R and Baker, J and Carpenter,
K and Chang, Z and Compton, S and Davis, N and Eichner, B and Espinosa, S and Flowers, J and Franz, L and Gagliano, M and Harris, A and Howard, J and Kollins, SH and Perrin, EM and Raj, P and Spanos, M and Walter, B and Sapiro, G and Dawson, G},
Title = {A scalable computational approach to assessing response to
name in toddlers with autism.},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {62},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1120-1131},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13381},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: This study is part of a larger research program
focused on developing objective, scalable tools for digital
behavioral phenotyping. We evaluated whether a digital app
delivered on a smartphone or tablet using computer vision
analysis (CVA) can elicit and accurately measure one of the
most common early autism symptoms, namely failure to respond
to a name call. METHODS: During a pediatric primary care
well-child visit, 910 toddlers, 17-37 months old, were
administered an app on an iPhone or iPad consisting of brief
movies during which the child's name was called three times
by an examiner standing behind them. Thirty-seven toddlers
were subsequently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder
(ASD). Name calls and children's behavior were recorded by
the camera embedded in the device, and children's head turns
were coded by both CVA and a human. RESULTS: CVA coding of
response to name was found to be comparable to human coding.
Based on CVA, children with ASD responded to their name
significantly less frequently than children without ASD. CVA
also revealed that children with ASD who did orient to their
name exhibited a longer latency before turning their head.
Combining information about both the frequency and the delay
in response to name improved the ability to distinguish
toddlers with and without ASD. CONCLUSIONS: A digital app
delivered on an iPhone or iPad in real-world settings using
computer vision analysis to quantify behavior can reliably
detect a key early autism symptom-failure to respond to
name. Moreover, the higher resolution offered by CVA
identified a delay in head turn in toddlers with ASD who did
respond to their name. Digital phenotyping is a promising
methodology for early assessment of ASD symptoms.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.13381},
Key = {fds355505}
}
@article{fds356502,
Author = {Sweitzer, MM and Pacek, LR and Kozink, RV and Locey, E and Kollins, SH and Donny, EC and McClernon, FJ},
Title = {Reactions to reduced nicotine content cigarettes in a sample
of young adult, low-frequency smokers.},
Journal = {Psychopharmacology (Berl)},
Volume = {238},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2429-2438},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-021-05864-1},
Abstract = {RATIONALE: Reducing nicotine content in cigarettes
to ≤ 2.4 mg per g of tobacco [mg/g] reduces smoking
behavior and toxicant exposure among adult daily smokers.
However, cigarettes with similar nicotine content could
support continued experimentation and smoking progression
among young adults who smoke infrequently. OBJECTIVES: This
study evaluated the threshold for nicotine in cigarettes
that produces reactions associated with smoking progression
in a sample of young adults who smoke infrequently. METHODS:
Young adults (n = 87, 18-25 years, 49% female) using
tobacco products ≤ 15 days per month completed three
counterbalanced, double-blinded sessions, each measuring
positive and negative subjective reactions to fixed doses of
smoke from investigational cigarettes containing one of
three different nicotine contents: normal (NNC; 15.8 mg/g);
very low (VLNC; 0.4 mg/g); and intermediate (INC;
2.4 mg/g). In a final session, participants chose one of
the cigarettes to self-administer. RESULTS: Post-cigarette
breath carbon monoxide was greater for VLNC than for NNC
(p < 0.001). Positive reactions were greater for NNC
than INC (p < 0.001) and for INC than VLNC
(p = 0.001). Negative reactions were greater for NNC
than INC and VLNC (both p < 0.001); INC and VLNC did not
differ. Cigarette choices did not differ from an even
distribution (43% NNC, 25% INC, 32% VLNC), but choice for
NNC or INC was associated with higher ratio of positive to
negative reactions during the NNC and INC fixed dose
sessions, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:
Reducing nicotine content will likely lower the abuse
liability of cigarettes for most young, low-frequency
smokers. Additional work is needed to determine if
compensatory smoking may lead to increased toxicant
exposure, and if a subset of individuals choosing lower
nicotine cigarettes may continue to smoke regardless of
nicotine content.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00213-021-05864-1},
Key = {fds356502}
}
@article{fds358936,
Author = {Weissler, EH and Naumann, T and Andersson, T and Ranganath, R and Elemento, O and Luo, Y and Freitag, DF and Benoit, J and Hughes, MC and Khan, F and Slater, P and Shameer, K and Roe, M and Hutchison, E and Kollins, SH and Broedl, U and Meng, Z and Wong, JL and Curtis, L and Huang,
E and Ghassemi, M},
Title = {The role of machine learning in clinical research:
transforming the future of evidence generation.},
Journal = {Trials},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {537},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05489-x},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Interest in the application of machine learning
(ML) to the design, conduct, and analysis of clinical trials
has grown, but the evidence base for such applications has
not been surveyed. This manuscript reviews the proceedings
of a multi-stakeholder conference to discuss the current and
future state of ML for clinical research. Key areas of
clinical trial methodology in which ML holds particular
promise and priority areas for further investigation are
presented alongside a narrative review of evidence
supporting the use of ML across the clinical trial spectrum.
RESULTS: Conference attendees included stakeholders, such as
biomedical and ML researchers, representatives from the US
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), artificial intelligence
technology and data analytics companies, non-profit
organizations, patient advocacy groups, and pharmaceutical
companies. ML contributions to clinical research were
highlighted in the pre-trial phase, cohort selection and
participant management, and data collection and analysis. A
particular focus was paid to the operational and
philosophical barriers to ML in clinical research.
Peer-reviewed evidence was noted to be lacking in several
areas. CONCLUSIONS: ML holds great promise for improving the
efficiency and quality of clinical research, but substantial
barriers remain, the surmounting of which will require
addressing significant gaps in evidence.},
Doi = {10.1186/s13063-021-05489-x},
Key = {fds358936}
}
@article{fds356420,
Author = {Chang, Z and Di Martino and JM and Aiello, R and Baker, J and Carpenter, K and Compton, S and Davis, N and Eichner, B and Espinosa, S and Flowers, J and Franz, L and Harris, A and Howard, J and Perochon, S and Perrin, EM and Krishnappa Babu and PR and Spanos, M and Sullivan, C and Walter, BK and Kollins, SH and Dawson, G and Sapiro, G},
Title = {Computational Methods to Measure Patterns of Gaze in
Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder.},
Journal = {Jama Pediatr},
Volume = {175},
Number = {8},
Pages = {827-836},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.0530},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Atypical eye gaze is an early-emerging symptom
of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and holds promise for
autism screening. Current eye-tracking methods are expensive
and require special equipment and calibration. There is a
need for scalable, feasible methods for measuring eye gaze.
OBJECTIVE: Using computational methods based on computer
vision analysis, we evaluated whether an app deployed on an
iPhone or iPad that displayed strategically designed brief
movies could elicit and quantify differences in eye-gaze
patterns of toddlers with ASD vs typical development.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A prospective study in
pediatric primary care clinics was conducted from December
2018 to March 2020, comparing toddlers with and without ASD.
Caregivers of 1564 toddlers were invited to participate
during a well-child visit. A total of 993 toddlers (63%)
completed study measures. Enrollment criteria were aged 16
to 38 months, healthy, English- or Spanish-speaking
caregiver, and toddler able to sit and view the app.
Participants were screened with the Modified Checklist for
Autism in Toddlers-Revised With Follow-up during routine
care. Children were referred by their pediatrician for
diagnostic evaluation based on results of the checklist or
if the caregiver or pediatrician was concerned. Forty
toddlers subsequently were diagnosed with ASD. EXPOSURES: A
mobile app displayed on a smartphone or tablet. MAIN
OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Computer vision analysis quantified
eye-gaze patterns elicited by the app, which were compared
between toddlers with ASD vs typical development. RESULTS:
Mean age of the sample was 21.1 months (range, 17.1-36.9
months), and 50.6% were boys, 59.8% White individuals, 16.5%
Black individuals, 23.7% other race, and 16.9%
Hispanic/Latino individuals. Distinctive eye-gaze patterns
were detected in toddlers with ASD, characterized by reduced
gaze to social stimuli and to salient social moments during
the movies, and previously unknown deficits in coordination
of gaze with speech sounds. The area under the receiver
operating characteristic curve discriminating ASD vs non-ASD
using multiple gaze features was 0.90 (95% CI, 0.82-0.97).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The app reliably measured both
known and new gaze biomarkers that distinguished toddlers
with ASD vs typical development. These novel results may
have potential for developing scalable autism screening
tools, exportable to natural settings, and enabling data
sets amenable to machine learning.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.0530},
Key = {fds356420}
}
@article{fds354553,
Author = {Maguire, RL and House, JS and Lloyd, DT and Skinner, HG and Allen, TK and Raffi, AM and Skaar, DA and Park, SS and McCullough, LE and Kollins, SH and Bilbo, SD and Collier, DN and Murphy, SK and Fuemmeler, BF and Gowdy,
KM and Hoyo, C},
Title = {Associations between maternal obesity, gestational cytokine
levels and child obesity in the NEST cohort.},
Journal = {Pediatr Obes},
Volume = {16},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e12763},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12763},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although maternal systemic inflammation is
hypothesized to link maternal pre-pregnancy obesity to
offspring metabolic dysfunction, patient empirical data are
limited. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we hypothesized that
pre-pregnancy obesity alters systemic chemo/cytokines
concentrations in pregnancy, and this alteration contributes
to obesity in children. METHODS: In a multi-ethnic cohort of
361 mother-child pairs, we measured prenatal concentrations
of plasma TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-12
p70 subunit, and IL-17A using a multiplex ELISA and examined
associations of pre-pregnancy obesity on maternal
chemo/cytokine levels, and associations of these cytokine
levels with offspring body mass index z score (BMI-z) at age
2-6 years using linear regression. RESULTS: After
adjusting for maternal smoking, ethnicity, age, and
education, pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with
increased concentrations of TNF-α (P = .026) and IFN-γ
(P = .06). While we found no evidence for associations
between TNF-α concentrations and offspring BMI-z, increased
IFN-γ concentrations were associated with decreased BMI-z
(P = .0002), primarily in Whites (P = .0011). In
addition, increased maternal IL-17A concentrations were
associated with increased BMI-z in offspring (P = .0005)
with stronger associations in African Americans
(P = .0042) than Whites (P = .24). CONCLUSIONS: Data
from this study are consistent with maternal obesity-related
inflammation during pregnancy, increasing the risk of
childhood obesity in an ethnic-specific manner.},
Doi = {10.1111/ijpo.12763},
Key = {fds354553}
}
@article{fds354366,
Author = {Ksinan, AJ and Sheng, Y and Do, EK and Schechter, JC and Zhang, JJ and Maguire, RL and Hoyo, C and Murphy, SK and Kollins, SH and Rubin, B and Fuemmeler, BF},
Title = {Identifying the Best Questions for Rapid Screening of
Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Children.},
Journal = {Nicotine Tob Res},
Volume = {23},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1217-1223},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaa254},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Many children suffer from secondhand smoke
exposure (SHSe), which leads to a variety of negative health
consequences. However, there is no consensus on how
clinicians can best query parents for possible SHSe among
children. We employed a data-driven approach to create an
efficient screening tool for clinicians to quickly and
correctly identify children at risk for SHSe. METHODS:
Survey data from mothers and biospecimens from children were
ascertained from the Neurodevelopment and Improving
Children's Health following Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Exposure (NICHES) study. Included were mothers and their
children whose saliva were assayed for cotinine (n = 351
pairs, mean child age = 5.6 years). Elastic net regression
predicting SHSe, as indicated from cotinine concentration,
was conducted on available smoking-related questions and
cross-validated with 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (NHANES) data to select the most
predictive items of SHSe among children (n = 1670, mean
child age = 8.4 years). RESULTS: Answering positively to at
least one of the two final items ("During the past 30 days,
did you smoke cigarettes at all?" and "Has anyone, including
yourself, smoked tobacco in your home in the past 7 days?")
showed area under the curve = .82, and good specificity
(.88) and sensitivity (.74). These results were validated
with similar items in the nationally representative NHANES
sample, area under the curve = .82, specificity = .78, and
sensitivity = .77. CONCLUSIONS: Our data-driven approach
identified and validated two items that may be useful as a
screening tool for a speedy and accurate assessment of SHSe
among children. IMPLICATIONS: The current study used a
rigorous data-driven approach to identify questions that
could reliably predict SHSe among children. Using saliva
cotinine concentration levels as a gold standard for
determining SHSe, our analysis employing elastic net
regression identified two questions that served as good
classifier for distinguishing children who might be at risk
for SHSe. The two items that we validated in the current
study can be readily used by clinicians, such as
pediatricians, as part of screening procedures to quickly
identify whether children might be at risk for
SHSe.},
Doi = {10.1093/ntr/ntaa254},
Key = {fds354366}
}
@article{fds357591,
Author = {Childress, AC and Kollins, SH and Cutler, AJ and Marraffino, A and Sikes, CR},
Title = {Open-Label Dose Optimization of Methylphenidate
Extended-Release Orally Disintegrating Tablet in a
Laboratory Classroom Study of Children with
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {31},
Number = {5},
Pages = {342-349},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2020.0142},
Abstract = {Objective: To examine the efficacy, safety, and tolerability
of methylphenidate extended-release orally disintegrating
tablets (MPH XR-ODT) for the treatment of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during the
open-label dose-optimization/stabilization period of a phase
3 laboratory classroom study. Methods: Children (6-12 years)
diagnosed with ADHD were enrolled. Treatment was initiated
with MPH XR-ODT 20 mg daily. Doses were adjusted weekly by
10-20 mg during the 4-week dose-optimization period
(visits 2-5) until an optimal dose was reached. The optimal
dose was sustained during a 1-week stabilization period
(visits 6-7). Efficacy was assessed using the ADHD Rating
Scale-IV (ADHD-RS-IV) score and the Clinical Global
Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) score. Adverse events (AEs)
were recorded throughout the study. A secondary subgroup
analysis by baseline ADHD-RS-IV score, sex, age, and weight
was also performed. Results: The mean (standard deviation
[SD]) final optimized MPH XR-ODT daily dose was 41.8 (14.6)
mg and ranged from 20 to 60 mg. Final optimized dose was
higher for children with more severe baseline ADHD-RS-IV
total scores. ADHD-RS-IV total scores decreased
progressively during dose optimization, with a mean (SD)
change from baseline at visit 7 of -21.4 (8.9). CGI-I scores
shifted from "minimally improved" (mean [SD]: 3.1 [1.1]) at
visit 3 to "much improved" (1.6 [0.6]) at visit 7. Baseline
ADHD-RS-IV total score was highest for participants
optimized to 40 mg (mean [standard error]: 40.0 [1.4]) and
lowest for those optimized to 20 mg (34.8 [2.1]). By visit
6, mean ADHD-RS-IV score was comparable for all optimized
dose groups. Common treatment-emergent AEs (≥5% of
participants) included decreased appetite, upper abdominal
pain, headaches, and insomnia. Conclusions: Dose
optimization of MPH XR-ODT led to a reduction in ADHD
symptoms, indicated by a decrease in ADHD-RS-IV and CGI-I
scores. AEs were consistent with those of other MPH
products. Clinical Trial Registry: NCT01835548
(ClinicalTrials.gov).},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2020.0142},
Key = {fds357591}
}
@article{fds356503,
Author = {Fallavollita, WL and Do, EK and Schechter, JC and Kollins, SH and Zheng,
JJ and Qin, J and Maguire, RL and Hoyo, C and Murphy, SK and Fuemmeler,
BF},
Title = {Smoke-Free Home Rules and Association with Child Secondhand
Smoke Exposure among Mother-Child Dyad Relationships.},
Journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health},
Volume = {18},
Number = {10},
Pages = {5256},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105256},
Abstract = {Smoke-free home rules restrict smoking in the home, but
biomarkers of secondhand smoke exposure are needed to help
understand the association between smoke-free homes and
child secondhand smoke exposure. Participants (n = 346) were
majority Black/African American mother-child dyads from a
longitudinal study in North Carolina. Mothers completed
questionnaires on household smoking behaviors and rules, and
child saliva samples were assayed for secondhand smoke
exposure. Regression models used smoke-free home rules to
predict child risk for secondhand smoke exposure. Children
in households with smoke-free home rules had less salivary
cotinine and risk for secondhand smoke exposure. After
controlling for smokers in the household, home smoking rules
were not a significant predictor of secondhand smoke
exposure. Compared to children in households with no
smokers, children in households with at least one smoker but
a non-smoking mother (OR 5.35, 95% CI: 2.22, 13.17) and
households with at least one smoker including a smoking
mother (OR 13.73, 95% CI: 6.06, 33.28) had greater risk for
secondhand smoke exposure. Results suggest smoke-free home
rules are not sufficient to fully protect children from
secondhand smoke exposure, especially in homes with smokers.
Future research should focus on how household members who
smoke can facilitate the prevention of child secondhand
smoke exposure.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph18105256},
Key = {fds356503}
}
@article{fds356955,
Author = {Fuemmeler, BF and Dozmorov, MG and Do, EK and Zhang, JJ and Grenier, C and Huang, Z and Maguire, RL and Kollins, SH and Hoyo, C and Murphy,
SK},
Title = {DNA Methylation in Babies Born to Nonsmoking Mothers Exposed
to Secondhand Smoke during Pregnancy: An Epigenome-Wide
Association Study.},
Journal = {Environ Health Perspect},
Volume = {129},
Number = {5},
Pages = {57010},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP8099},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is related to
altered DNA methylation in infant umbilical cord blood. The
extent to which low levels of smoke exposure among
nonsmoking pregnant women relates to offspring DNA
methylation is unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to
evaluate relationships between maternal prenatal plasma
cotinine levels and DNA methylation in umbilical cord blood
in newborns using the Infinium HumanMethylation 450K
BeadChip. METHODS: Participants from the Newborn Epigenetics
Study cohort who reported not smoking during pregnancy had
verified low levels of cotinine from maternal prenatal
plasma (0 ng/mL to <4 ng/mL), and offspring epigenetic
data from umbilical cord blood were included in this study
(n=79). Multivariable linear regression models were fit to
the data, controlling for cell proportions, age, race,
education, and parity. Estimates represent changes in
response to any 1-ng/mL unit increase in exposure. RESULTS:
Multivariable linear regression models yielded 29,049 CpGs
that were differentially methylated in relation to increases
in cotinine at a 5% false discovery rate. Top CpGs were
within or near genes involved in neuronal functioning
(PRKG1, DLGAP2, BSG), carcinogenesis (FHIT, HSPC157) and
inflammation (AGER). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) analyses suggest cotinine was related to methylation
of gene pathways controlling neuronal signaling, metabolic
regulation, cell signaling and regulation, and cancer.
Further, enhancers associated with transcription start sites
were enriched in altered CpGs. Using an independent sample
from the same study population (n=115), bisulfite
pyrosequencing was performed with infant cord blood DNA for
two genes within our top 20 hits (AGER and PRKG1). Results
from pyrosequencing replicated epigenome results for PRKG1
(cg17079497, estimate=-1.09, standard error (SE)=0.45,
p=0.018) but not for AGER (cg09199225; estimate=-0.16,
SE=0.21, p=0.44). DISCUSSION: Secondhand smoke exposure
among nonsmoking women may alter DNA methylation in regions
involved in development, carcinogenesis, and neuronal
functioning. These novel findings suggest that even low
levels of smoke exposure during pregnancy may be sufficient
to alter DNA methylation in distinct sites of mixed
umbilical cord blood leukocytes in pathways that are known
to be altered in cord blood from pregnant active smokers.
https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8099.},
Doi = {10.1289/EHP8099},
Key = {fds356955}
}
@article{fds355672,
Author = {Young, JR and Yanagihara, A and Dew, R and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {Pharmacotherapy for Preschool Children with Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Current Status and
Future Directions.},
Journal = {Cns Drugs},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {403-424},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40263-021-00806-z},
Abstract = {In this review, we consider issues relating to the
pharmacological treatment of young children with attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD in preschool-age
children has a profound impact on psychosocial function and
developmental trajectory. Clinical studies on
pharmacotherapies for ADHD in young children have expanded
rapidly in the past 2 decades, providing some evidence of
efficacy for both psychostimulant and non-psychostimulant
medications. However, preschool children may be more
susceptible to adverse effects of medications, including
growth reduction and cardiovascular side effects. Many
questions remain regarding the long-term safety and
effectiveness of these interventions; thus more research is
needed to help clinicians evaluate the risk-benefit ratio
for preschoolers with ADHD. As this body of knowledge grows,
providers should consider the level of impairment caused by
current symptoms in the risk-benefit analysis. Families
should be educated not just about potential effects of
medication but known complications of untreated ADHD;
parents will likely not fully appreciate the long-term
psychological effects of chronic behavioral problems and
underachievement on a young child. A blanket "wait and see"
approach should be avoided, in order to prevent a permanent
loss of self-esteem and motivation that may affect some
children throughout their lifespan.},
Doi = {10.1007/s40263-021-00806-z},
Key = {fds355672}
}
@article{fds355671,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Childress, A and Heusser, AC and Lutz,
J},
Title = {Effectiveness of a digital therapeutic as adjunct to
treatment with medication in pediatric ADHD.},
Journal = {Npj Digital Medicine},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {58},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41746-021-00429-0},
Abstract = {STARS-Adjunct was a multicenter, open-label effectiveness
study of AKL-T01, an app and video-game-based treatment for
inattention, as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy in
8-14-year-old children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) on stimulant medication (n = 130) or not
on any ADHD medication (n = 76). Children used AKL-T01
for 4 weeks, followed by a 4-week pause and another 4-week
treatment. The primary outcome was change in ADHD-related
impairment (Impairment Rating Scale (IRS)) after 4 weeks.
Secondary outcomes included changes in IRS, ADHD Rating
Scale (ADHD-RS). and Clinical Global Impressions
Scale-Improvement (CGI-I) on days 28, 56, and 84. IRS
significantly improved in both cohorts (On Stimulants: -0.7,
p < 0.001; No Stimulants: -0.5, p < 0.001) after 4
weeks. IRS, ADHD-RS, and CGI-I remained stable during the
pause and improved with a second treatment period. The
treatment was well-tolerated with no serious adverse events.
STARS-Adjunct extends AKL-T01's body of evidence to a
medication-treated pediatric ADHD population, and suggests
additional treatment benefit.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41746-021-00429-0},
Key = {fds355671}
}
@article{fds337111,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Kollins, SH and Mitchell,
JT},
Title = {Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Adults Referred for an ADHD
Evaluation: A Psychometric Analysis of Self- and Collateral
Report.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {322-331},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718787894},
Abstract = {Objective: Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms uniquely
contribute to psychiatric and functional outcomes in child
samples; however, the psychometric properties of SCT
measures among adult outpatients are unknown. Method: Adults
(n = 124) presenting for an ADHD evaluation provided self-
and collateral report of SCT symptoms. Results: The SCT
scale had good internal consistency and yielded three
factors across raters: Slow/Daydreamy, Sleepy/Sluggish, and
Low Initiation/Persistence. SCT scores exhibited convergent
validity with ADHD symptoms across raters. Individuals with
ADHD received higher SCT ratings than those without ADHD via
collateral report, a pattern that was similar when
comorbidity was considered. SCT was associated with poorer
functioning after accounting for ADHD symptoms with some
differential effects based on reporting source. Conclusion:
Findings support the internal consistency and validity of a
three-factor SCT scale among adult outpatients. Differential
results between self- and collateral report demonstrate the
importance of multiple reporters of SCT in clinical
settings.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054718787894},
Key = {fds337111}
}
@article{fds352607,
Author = {Addicott, MA and Pearson, JM and Schechter, JC and Sapyta, JJ and Weiss,
MD and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the
explore/exploit trade-off.},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {46},
Number = {3},
Pages = {614-621},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-00881-8},
Abstract = {The ability to maximize rewards and minimize the costs of
obtaining them is vital to making advantageous
explore/exploit decisions. Exploratory decisions are
theorized to be greater among individuals with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), potentially
due to deficient catecholamine transmission. Here, we
examined the effects of ADHD status and methylphenidate, a
common ADHD medication, on explore/exploit decisions using a
6-armed bandit task. We hypothesized that ADHD participants
would make more exploratory decisions than controls, and
that MPH would reduce group differences. On separate study
days, adults with (n = 26) and without (n = 23) ADHD
completed the bandit task at baseline, and after
methylphenidate or placebo in counter-balanced order.
Explore/exploit decisions were modeled using reinforcement
learning algorithms. ADHD participants made more exploratory
decisions (i.e., chose options without the highest expected
reward value) and earned fewer points than controls in all
three study days, and methylphenidate did not affect these
outcomes. Baseline exploratory choices were positively
associated with hyperactive ADHD symptoms across all
participants. These results support several theoretical
models of increased exploratory choices in ADHD and suggest
the unexplained variance in ADHD decisions may be due to
less value tracking. The inability to suppress actions with
little to no reward value may be a key feature of
hyperactive ADHD symptoms.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41386-020-00881-8},
Key = {fds352607}
}
@article{fds355042,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {Editorial: Is child mental health research structurally
racist?},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {62},
Number = {2},
Pages = {111-113},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13376},
Abstract = {The past year has accelerated global discourse on the role
played by institutional and societal factors in perpetuating
inequities between racial and ethnic groups across all
aspects of life. This editorial considers whether our
traditional approaches to child mental health research - and
specifically the papers that are published in the Journal of
Child Psychology and Psychiatry (JCPP) - may inadvertently
introduce structural barriers for advancing knowledge and
improving mental health for children of all racial and
ethnic backgrounds.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.13376},
Key = {fds355042}
}
@article{fds354554,
Author = {Friis-Healy, EA and Nagy, GA and Kollins, SH},
Title = {It Is Time to REACT: Opportunities for Digital Mental Health
Apps to Reduce Mental Health Disparities in Racially and
Ethnically Minoritized Groups.},
Journal = {Jmir Mental Health},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {e25456},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25456},
Abstract = {The behavioral health toll of the COVID-19 pandemic and
systemic racism has directed increased attention to the
potential of digital health as a way of improving access to
and quality of behavioral health care. However, as the
pandemic continues to widen health disparities in racially
and ethnically minoritized groups, concerns arise around an
increased reliance on digital health technologies
exacerbating the digital divide and reinforcing rather than
mitigating systemic health inequities in communities of
color. As funding for digital mental health continues to
surge, we offer five key recommendations on how the field
can "REACT" to ensure the development of approaches that
increase health equity by increasing real-world evidence,
educating consumers and providers, utilizing adaptive
interventions to optimize care, creating for diverse
populations, and building trust. Recommendations highlight
the need to take a strengths-based view when designing for
racially and ethnically diverse populations and embracing
the potential of digital approaches to address complex
challenges.},
Doi = {10.2196/25456},
Key = {fds354554}
}
@article{fds367907,
Author = {Schrott, R and Murphy, SK and Modliszewski, JL and King, DE and Hill, B and Itchon-Ramos, N and Raburn, D and Price, T and Levin, ED and Vandrey, R and Corcoran, DL and Kollins, SH and Mitchell, JT},
Title = {Refraining from use diminishes cannabis-associated
epigenetic changes in human sperm.},
Journal = {Environmental Epigenetics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {dvab009},
Year = {2021},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eep/dvab009},
Abstract = {Cannabis use alters sperm DNA methylation, but the potential
reversibility of these changes is unknown. Semen samples
from cannabis users and non-user controls were collected at
baseline and again following a 77-day period of cannabis
abstinence (one spermatogenic cycle). Users and controls did
not significantly differ by demographics or semen analyses.
Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing identified 163 CpG sites
with significantly different DNA methylation in sperm
between groups (P < 2.94 × 10-9). Genes associated
with altered CpG sites were enriched with those involved in
development, including cardiogenesis and neurodevelopment.
Many of the differences in sperm DNA methylation between
groups were diminished after cannabis abstinence. These
results indicate that sustained cannabis abstinence
significantly reduces the number of sperm showing
cannabis-associated alterations at genes important for early
development.},
Doi = {10.1093/eep/dvab009},
Key = {fds367907}
}
@article{fds352610,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Davis, NO and Kollins, SH and Lunsford-Avery,
JR},
Title = {Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) in an adult outpatient sample
seeking an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
assessment: Age of onset and assessment method impact on SCT
rates.},
Journal = {J Psychiatr Res},
Volume = {131},
Pages = {203-208},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.09.013},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) is associated
with-but distinct from-attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). This study examined SCT rates in adult
outpatients seeking an ADHD assessment, differences in rates
based on ADHD status, impact of assessment method (i.e.,
reporting source, symptom count, and functional impairment),
and age of SCT symptom onset. METHODS: Outpatients
(n = 124) completed an SCT measure (n = 120
other-reporters). SCT was based on reporting source (i.e.,
self-report, other-report, either reporting source ["or"
rule], and both reporting sources ["and" rule]), symptom
count (i.e., age-based norms at or near the 93rd percentile,
and a higher symptom count threshold of five), and
functional impairment (i.e., 0, 1, and ≥2 domains).
RESULTS: SCT rates varied based on assessment method for the
full sample (26%-82%) and among those with (32%-91%) and
without (16%-66%) ADHD. Rates decreased with stricter
functional impairment and symptom count criteria. SCT was
higher in the ADHD group than the non-ADHD group based on
other-reporters and the "or" rule, but not the "and" rule.
Functional impairment and symptom count criteria did not
impact these comparisons. For self-reported SCT rates,
ADHD/non-ADHD group comparisons did not differ based on
age-based symptom count threshold, but did with a symptom
count threshold of five. Self-reported SCT symptom onset was
13.36 years-old and was significantly younger for the ADHD
group (11.69 years) than the non-ADHD group (16.36 years).
CONCLUSIONS: Elevated SCT symptoms and related impairment
are common among adults seeking an ADHD evaluation. These
rates and ADHD/non-ADHD group differences vary substantially
based on diagnostic methods.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.09.013},
Key = {fds352610}
}
@article{fds365983,
Author = {Friis-Healy, EA and Nagy, GA and Kollins, SH},
Title = {It Is Time to REACT: Opportunities for Digital Mental Health
Apps to Reduce Mental Health Disparities in Racially and
Ethnically Minoritized Groups (Preprint)},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/preprints.25456},
Abstract = {<sec> <title>UNSTRUCTURED</title> <p>The behavioral health
toll of the COVID-19 pandemic and systemic racism has
directed increased attention to the potential of digital
health as a way of improving access to and quality of
behavioral health care. However, as the pandemic continues
to widen health disparities in racially and ethnically
minoritized groups, concerns arise around an increased
reliance on digital health technologies exacerbating the
digital divide and reinforcing rather than mitigating
systemic health inequities in communities of color. As
funding for digital mental health continues to surge, we
offer five key recommendations on how the field can
“REACT” to ensure the development of approaches that
increase health equity by increasing real-world evidence,
educating consumers and providers, utilizing adaptive
interventions to optimize care, creating for diverse
populations, and building trust. Recommendations highlight
the need to take a strengths-based view when designing for
racially and ethnically diverse populations and embracing
the potential of digital approaches to address complex
challenges.</p> </sec>},
Doi = {10.2196/preprints.25456},
Key = {fds365983}
}
@article{fds352836,
Author = {Engelhard, MM and Berchuck, SI and Garg, J and Henao, R and Olson, A and Rusincovitch, S and Dawson, G and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Health system utilization before age 1 among children later
diagnosed with autism or ADHD.},
Journal = {Scientific Reports},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17677},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74458-2},
Abstract = {Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have 2-3 times
increased healthcare utilization and annual costs once
diagnosed, but little is known about their utilization
patterns early in life. Quantifying their early health
system utilization could uncover condition-specific health
trajectories to facilitate earlier detection and
intervention. Patients born 10/1/2006-10/1/2016
with ≥ 2 well-child visits within the Duke University
Health System before age 1 were grouped as ASD, ADHD,
ASD + ADHD, or No Diagnosis using retrospective billing
codes. An additional comparison group was defined by later
upper respiratory infection diagnosis. Adjusted odds ratios
(AOR) for hospital admissions, procedures, emergency
department (ED) visits, and outpatient clinic encounters
before age 1 were compared between groups via logistic
regression models. Length of hospital encounters were
compared between groups via Mann-Whitney U test. In total,
29,929 patients met study criteria (ASD N = 343; ADHD
N = 1175; ASD + ADHD N = 140). ASD was
associated with increased procedures (AOR = 1.5,
p < 0.001), including intubation and ventilation
(AOR = 2.4, p < 0.001); and outpatient specialty
care, including physical therapy (AOR = 3.5,
p < 0.001) and ophthalmology (AOR = 3.1,
p < 0.001). ADHD was associated with increased
procedures (AOR = 1.41, p < 0.001), including blood
transfusion (AOR = 4.7, p < 0.001); hospital
admission (AOR = 1.60, p < 0.001); and ED visits
(AOR = 1.58, p < 0.001). Median length of stay was
increased after birth in ASD (+ 6.5 h, p < 0.001) and
ADHD (+ 3.8 h, p < 0.001), and after non-birth
admission in ADHD (+ 1.1 d, p < 0.001) and
ASD + ADHD (+ 2.4 d, p = 0.003). Each condition
was associated with increased health system utilization and
distinctive patterns of utilization before age 1.
Recognizing these patterns may contribute to earlier
detection and intervention.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-74458-2},
Key = {fds352836}
}
@article{fds351451,
Author = {Adjei, AL and Chaudhary, I and Kollins, SH and Padilla,
A},
Title = {A Pharmacokinetic Study of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride
Multilayer Extended-Release Capsules (Aptensio XR®) in
Preschool-Aged Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder.},
Journal = {Paediatr Drugs},
Volume = {22},
Number = {5},
Pages = {561-570},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40272-020-00409-z},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This was a single-dose, one-period, multicenter,
pharmacokinetic (PK) study to evaluate the PK of
methylphenidate (MPH) hydrochloride multilayer
extended-release capsules (MPH-MLR) in preschool children
aged 4 to < 6 years, previously diagnosed with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and on a
stable dose of MPH. METHODS: Preschool-aged children
(N = 10) received a single oral dose of MPH-MLR (10, 15,
or 20 mg) sprinkled over applesauce; a dose equivalent to
their pre-enrollment daily dose of MPH. Blood samples for
the measurement of MPH concentrations were obtained pre-dose
and at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h post-dose.
No structural model was assumed in the derivation of PK
values for analysis. Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax),
area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), elimination
half-life, clearance (CL), and volume of distribution (Vd)
data were compared with a historical group of older children
aged 6-11 years (N = 11) and analyzed by bodyweight.
Safety (adverse event monitoring, vital signs,
electrocardiogram, clinical laboratory testing, physical
examination) was assessed. RESULTS: Mean dose-normalized
Cmax and area under the curve to the last measurable
observation (AUC0-t) values were similar across dose groups,
ranging from 0.67 ng/mL/mg (MPH 15 mg) to 0.81 ng/mL/mg
(MPH 10 mg) for Cmax/dose, and from 7.80 h × ng/mL/mg
(MPH 20 mg) to 8.92 h × ng/mL/mg (MPH 10 mg) for
AUC0-t/dose. PK results were integrated into a previously
described pharmacostatistical population PK model. Visual
predictive check plots showed greater variability in the 6-
to 11-year-old group than the 4- to < 6-year-old group,
and CL increased with increasing body weight in a greater
than dose-proportional manner. Mean CL, normalized for body
weight, was constant for all dose groups, ranging from
4.88 L/h/kg to 5.80 L/h/kg. Median time to Cmax ranged
from 2.00 to 3.00 h post-dose, and overall, dose-normalized
Cmax concentrations indicated greater systemic exposures of
MPH-MLR in preschool children aged 4 to < 6 years
compared with children aged 6-11 years. Children aged 4
to < 6 years had a lower Vd than children aged
6-11 years. There were no unexpected safety signals.
CONCLUSION: The PK of MPH-MLR in preschool children
demonstrated the biphasic absorption profile described
earlier in older children, and the PK profile in children
with ADHD aged 4 to < 6 years was similar to the
profile in those aged 6-11 years, apart from a lower Vd and
relatively higher systemic MPH levels for children in the
preschool group. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov
Identifier: NCT02470234.},
Doi = {10.1007/s40272-020-00409-z},
Key = {fds351451}
}
@article{fds352609,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Keller, C and Kollins, SH and Krystal, AD and Jackson, L and Engelhard, MM},
Title = {Feasibility and Acceptability of Wearable Sleep
Electroencephalogram Device Use in Adolescents:
Observational Study.},
Journal = {Jmir Mhealth and Uhealth},
Volume = {8},
Number = {10},
Pages = {e20590},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/20590},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Adolescence is an important life stage for the
development of healthy behaviors, which have a long-lasting
impact on health across the lifespan. Sleep undergoes
significant changes during adolescence and is linked to
physical and psychiatric health; however, sleep is rarely
assessed in routine health care settings. Wearable sleep
electroencephalogram (EEG) devices may represent
user-friendly methods for assessing sleep among adolescents,
but no studies to date have examined the feasibility and
acceptability of sleep EEG wearables in this age group.
OBJECTIVE: The goal of the research was to investigate the
feasibility and acceptability of sleep EEG wearable devices
among adolescents aged 11 to 17 years. METHODS: A total of
104 adolescents aged 11 to 17 years participated in 7 days
of at-home sleep recording using a self-administered
wearable sleep EEG device (Zmachine Insight+, General Sleep
Corporation) as well as a wristworn actigraph. Feasibility
was assessed as the number of full nights of successful
recording completed by adolescents, and acceptability was
measured by the wearable acceptability survey for sleep.
Feasibility and acceptability were assessed separately for
the sleep EEG device and wristworn actigraph. RESULTS: A
total of 94.2% (98/104) of adolescents successfully recorded
at least 1 night of data using the sleep EEG device (mean
number of nights 5.42; SD 1.71; median 6, mode 7). A total
of 81.6% (84/103) rated the comfort of the device as falling
in the comfortable to mildly uncomfortable range while
awake. A total of 40.8% (42/103) reported typical sleep
while using the device, while 39.8% (41/103) indicated
minimal to mild device-related sleep disturbances. A
minority (32/104, 30.8%) indicated changes in their sleep
position due to device use, and very few (11/103, 10.7%)
expressed dissatisfaction with their experience with the
device. A similar pattern was observed for the wristworn
actigraph device. CONCLUSIONS: Wearable sleep EEG appears to
represent a feasible, acceptable method for sleep assessment
among adolescents and may have utility for assessing and
treating sleep disturbances at a population level. Future
studies with adolescents should evaluate strategies for
further improving usability of such devices, assess
relationships between sleep EEG-derived metrics and health
outcomes, and investigate methods for incorporating data
from these devices into emerging digital interventions and
applications. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03843762; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03843762.},
Doi = {10.2196/20590},
Key = {fds352609}
}
@article{fds348817,
Author = {Fuemmeler, BF and Sheng, Y and Schechter, JC and Do, E and Zucker, N and Majors, A and Maguire, R and Murphy, SK and Hoyo, C and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {Associations between attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder symptoms and eating behaviors in early
childhood.},
Journal = {Pediatr Obes},
Volume = {15},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e12631},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12631},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
symptoms have been linked with eating behaviors and obesity
adolescence and young adulthood. Yet, little is known about
whether these associations occur during early childhood and
few studies have examined these associations prospectively.
OBJECTIVES: To assess magnitude and direction of
associations between childhood ADHD symptoms and eating
behaviors. METHODS: Participants were from the Newborn
Epigenetics Study (N = 470, M age = 4 years).
Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine
cross-sectional associations between ADHD symptoms and
eating behaviors. Latent Change Score (LCS) modeling was
performed to examine prospective association among a subset
of children with available follow-up data. (N = 100, M age =
7 years). RESULTS: The cross-sectional results showed that
attention problem (AP) and hyperactivity (HY) were
positively associated with food responsiveness, emotional
overeating, desire to drink, and slowness in eating. AP, but
not HY, was inversely associated with enjoyment of food.
Results of the LCS models revealed AP and HY were both
positively associated with prospective changes in emotional
overeating and satiety responsiveness. AP was further
positively associated with prospective changes in food
responsiveness. The reverse relationship predicting changes
in ADHD symptoms from earlier assessments of eating
behaviors was not significant. CONCLUSION: Results suggest a
link between ADHD symptoms and obesity-related eating
behaviors in early childhood, highlighting the need to
address self-regulation and healthy eating behaviors in the
prevention of childhood obesity.},
Doi = {10.1111/ijpo.12631},
Key = {fds348817}
}
@article{fds365984,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Keller, C and Kollins, SH and Krystal, AD and Jackson, L and Engelhard, MM},
Title = {Feasibility and Acceptability of Wearable Sleep
Electroencephalogram Device Use in Adolescents:
Observational Study (Preprint)},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/preprints.20590},
Abstract = {<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> <p>Adolescence is an
important life stage for the development of healthy
behaviors, which have a long-lasting impact on health across
the lifespan. Sleep undergoes significant changes during
adolescence and is linked to physical and psychiatric
health; however, sleep is rarely assessed in routine health
care settings. Wearable sleep electroencephalogram (EEG)
devices may represent user-friendly methods for assessing
sleep among adolescents, but no studies to date have
examined the feasibility and acceptability of sleep EEG
wearables in this age group.</p> </sec> <sec>
<title>OBJECTIVE</title> <p>The goal of the research was to
investigate the feasibility and acceptability of sleep EEG
wearable devices among adolescents aged 11 to 17 years.</p>
</sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> <p>A total of 104
adolescents aged 11 to 17 years participated in 7 days of
at-home sleep recording using a self-administered wearable
sleep EEG device (Zmachine Insight+, General Sleep
Corporation) as well as a wristworn actigraph. Feasibility
was assessed as the number of full nights of successful
recording completed by adolescents, and acceptability was
measured by the wearable acceptability survey for sleep.
Feasibility and acceptability were assessed separately for
the sleep EEG device and wristworn actigraph.</p> </sec>
<sec> <title>RESULTS</title> <p>A total of 94.2% (98/104) of
adolescents successfully recorded at least 1 night of data
using the sleep EEG device (mean number of nights 5.42; SD
1.71; median 6, mode 7). A total of 81.6% (84/103) rated the
comfort of the device as falling in the comfortable to
mildly uncomfortable range while awake. A total of 40.8%
(42/103) reported typical sleep while using the device,
while 39.8% (41/103) indicated minimal to mild
device-related sleep disturbances. A minority (32/104,
30.8%) indicated changes in their sleep position due to
device use, and very few (11/103, 10.7%) expressed
dissatisfaction with their experience with the device. A
similar pattern was observed for the wristworn actigraph
device.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title>
<p>Wearable sleep EEG appears to represent a feasible,
acceptable method for sleep assessment among adolescents and
may have utility for assessing and treating sleep
disturbances at a population level. Future studies with
adolescents should evaluate strategies for further improving
usability of such devices, assess relationships between
sleep EEG–derived metrics and health outcomes, and
investigate methods for incorporating data from these
devices into emerging digital interventions and
applications.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>CLINICALTRIAL</title>
<p>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03843762; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03843762</p>
</sec>},
Doi = {10.2196/preprints.20590},
Key = {fds365984}
}
@article{fds347677,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Sweitzer, MM and McClernon, FJ and Perkins,
KA},
Title = {Increased subjective and reinforcing effects of initial
nicotine exposure in young adults with attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to matched peers:
results from an experimental model of first-time tobacco
use.},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {45},
Number = {5},
Pages = {851-856},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41386-019-0581-7},
Abstract = {Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) are at increased risk for adverse cigarette smoking
outcomes, and little is known about factors underlying this
risk. This study sought to evaluate the effects of initial
nicotine exposure in young adults with and without ADHD
using a novel paradigm of exposure to model initial smoking
experiences. Participants were young adult nonsmokers
(n = 61 ADHD, n = 75 Control) between the ages of
18-25 years (inclusive) who reported never having smoked a
full cigarette, and no tobacco use in the prior 3 years.
Participants were exposed to three different blinded doses
of intranasally administered nicotine (0, 0.5, 1.0 mg)
across three separate fixed dose experimental sessions. In
subsequent sessions, participants were given the opportunity
to self-administer nicotine under two different
conditions-high and low cognitive demand. Physiological,
subjective, and reinforcing effects of nicotine were the
main outcomes. Nicotine plasma levels, and no group
differences in effects of nicotine on heart rate or blood
pressure, confirmed comparable dosing exposure across
groups. ADHD participants reported significantly greater
dizziness following nicotine, and greater pleasant
subjective effects across all conditions, compared to
non-ADHD non-smokers. There were no group differences on
subjective reports of bad or unpleasant effects. Subsequent
nicotine self-administration was significantly higher among
non-smokers with ADHD, and their choices of nicotine were
not influenced by cognitive condition. There are meaningful
differences between young adults with and without ADHD with
respect to the initial subjective and reinforcing effects of
nicotine; and interventions to prevent use should start
prior to typical age of experimentation among ADHD
patients.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41386-019-0581-7},
Key = {fds347677}
}
@article{fds348934,
Author = {Kollins, SH and DeLoss, DJ and Cañadas, E and Lutz, J and Findling, RL and Keefe, RSE and Epstein, JN and Cutler, AJ and Faraone,
SV},
Title = {A novel digital intervention for actively reducing severity
of paediatric ADHD (STARS-ADHD): a randomised controlled
trial.},
Journal = {The Lancet Digital Health},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e168-e178},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30017-0},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
is a common paediatric neurodevelopmental disorder with
substantial effect on families and society. Alternatives to
traditional care, including novel digital therapeutics, have
shown promise to remediate cognitive deficits associated
with this disorder and may address barriers to standard
therapies, such as pharmacological interventions and
behavioural therapy. AKL-T01 is an investigational digital
therapeutic designed to target attention and cognitive
control delivered through a video game-like interface via
at-home play for 25 min per day, 5 days per week for 4
weeks. This study aimed to assess whether AKL-T01 improved
attentional performance in paediatric patients with ADHD.
METHODS: The Software Treatment for Actively Reducing
Severity of ADHD (STARS-ADHD) was a randomised,
double-blind, parallel-group, controlled trial of paediatric
patients (aged 8-12 years, without disorder-related
medications) with confirmed ADHD and Test of Variables of
Attention (TOVA) Attention Performance Index (API) scores of
-1·8 and below done by 20 research institutions in the USA.
Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to AKL-T01 or a digital
control intervention. The primary outcome was mean change in
TOVA API from pre-intervention to post-intervention. Safety,
tolerability, and compliance were also assessed. Analyses
were done in the intention-to-treat population. This trial
is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02674633 and is
completed. FINDINGS: Between July 15, 2016, and Nov 30,
2017, 857 patients were evaluated and 348 were randomly
assigned to receive AKL-T01 or control. Among patients who
received AKL-T01 (n=180 [52%]; mean [SD] age, 9·7 [1·3]
years) or control (n=168 [48%]; mean [SD] age, 9·6 [1·3]
years), the non-parametric estimate of the population median
change from baseline TOVA API was 0·88 (95% CI 0·24-1·49;
p=0·0060). The mean (SD) change from baseline on the TOVA
API was 0·93 (3·15) in the AKL-T01 group and 0·03 (3·16)
in the control group. There were no serious adverse events
or discontinuations. Treatment-related adverse events were
mild and included frustration (5 [3%] of 180) and headache
(3 [2%] of 180). Patient compliance was a mean of 83 (83%)
of 100 expected sessions played (SD, 29·2 sessions).
INTERPRETATION: Although future research is needed for this
digital intervention, this study provides evidence that
AKL-T01 might be used to improve objectively measured
inattention in paediatric patients with ADHD, while
presenting minimal adverse events. FUNDING: Sponsored by
Akili Interactive Labs.},
Doi = {10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30017-0},
Key = {fds348934}
}
@article{fds349142,
Author = {Childress, AC and Findling, RL and Wu, J and Kollins, SH and Wang, Y and Martin, P and Robertson, B},
Title = {Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate for Preschool Children with
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {128-136},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2019.0117},
Abstract = {Objectives: Describe the safety and tolerability of
lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) and provide data on
clinical effects for efficacy-related endpoints and
pharmacokinetics in preschool-aged children with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods:
This phase 2, multicenter, open-label, dose-optimization
study (ClinicalTrials.gov registry: NCT02402166) was
conducted at seven U.S. sites between April 15, 2015, and
June 30, 2016. Children (4-5 years of age) meeting
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
Fourth Edition, Text Revision criteria for ADHD and having
ADHD Rating Scale-IV Preschool version (ADHD-RS-IV-PS) total
scores ≥28 (boys) or ≥24 (girls) were eligible.
Open-label LDX (8-week duration) was initiated at 5 mg and
titrated to 30 mg until achieving an optimal dose.
Assessments included treatment-emergent adverse events
(TEAEs), vital sign changes, ADHD-RS-IV-PS total score
changes, and pharmacokinetic evaluations. Results: Among 24
participants, the most frequently reported TEAE was
decreased appetite (8/24; 33%). At week 8/early termination,
mean (standard deviation) systolic and diastolic blood
pressure and pulse changes from baseline were -1.1 (7.31)
and 1.5 (6.93) mmHg and -0.8 (12.75) bpm, respectively. The
mean (95% confidence interval) change from baseline
ADHD-RS-IV-PS total score at the final on-treatment
assessment was -26.1 (-32.2 to -20.0). Pharmacokinetic
parameters of d-amphetamine, a major active metabolite of
LDX, were characterized: d-amphetamine exposure increased
with LDX dose; mean tmax and t1/2, respectively, ranged from
4.00 to 4.23 hours and 7.18 to 8.46 hours. Conclusions: In
preschool-aged children with ADHD, LDX was generally well
tolerated and reduced ADHD symptoms, consistent with
observations in children 6-17 years of age. Based on these
findings, a starting LDX dose as low as 5 mg in phase 3
studies in preschool-aged children is supported.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2019.0117},
Key = {fds349142}
}
@article{fds348818,
Author = {Childress, AC and Kollins, SH and Foehl, HC and Newcorn, JH and Mattingly, G and Kupper, RJ and Adjei, AL},
Title = {Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Flexible-Dose
Titration Study of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride
Extended-Release Capsules (Aptensio XR) in Preschool
Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {58-68},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2019.0085},
Abstract = {Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of a
methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsule
(MPH-MLR) formulation in treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) in preschool children. Methods: Children
aged 4 to <6 years with qualifying ADHD Rating Scale Fourth
Edition (ADHD-RS-IV) Preschool Version scores (≥90th
percentile for age/gender) participated in four behavior
management training (BMT) sessions or immediately entered
(based on investigator assessment of symptom severity or
previous participation) into a 6-week, open-label, flexible
MPH-MLR dose optimization phase. After BMT, children with
<30% improvement in ADHD-RS-IV score and ≥3 score on the
Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scale also
entered the open-label period. All children began the
open-label period with MPH-MLR 10 mg once daily; weekly
adjustments permitted once-daily maximum of up to 40 mg.
Children with ≥30% improvement in ADHD-RS-IV total score
and a CGI-I score of 1-2 at open-label completion were
randomized to their optimized dose of MPH-MLR or placebo for
2 weeks (double blind [DB]). Safety measures included
adverse events (AEs), vital signs, and electrocardiograms.
Results: Open-label enrollment was 119 children. Mean (SD)
ADHD-RS-IV total scores at open-label start and open-label
end was 40.8 (10.4) and 19.5 (11.1), respectively. Ninety
children were enrolled in the DB phase. Mean (SD) ADHD-RS-IV
total scores for the MPH-MLR and placebo group were similar
at DB beginning and was 25.8 (14.6) and 34.9 (14.1),
respectively, at DB end. Mean change from baseline in
ADHD-RS-IV total score during DB was significantly greater
in children randomized to placebo compared with MPH-MLR;
least squares mean change difference from baseline was
-11.2, p = 0.002. During open-label dosing, the most
common AEs (≥10%) were decreased appetite, decreased
weight, insomnia, hypertension, emotional disorder, and
affect lability. Conclusion: Results demonstrate MPH-MLR
efficacy in preschool children and a safety profile
consistent with known AEs of methylphenidate when used for
ADHD.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2019.0085},
Key = {fds348818}
}
@article{fds366335,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Engelhard, MM and Navar, AM and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {Author Correction: Validation of the Sleep Regularity Index
in Older Adults and Associations with Cardiometabolic
Risk.},
Journal = {Scientific Reports},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2993},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59762-1},
Abstract = {An amendment to this paper has been published and can be
accessed via a link at the top of the paper.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-59762-1},
Key = {fds366335}
}
@article{fds348442,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {Editorial: From risk prediction to action: leveraging
electronic health records to improve pediatric population
mental health.},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {113-115},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13199},
Abstract = {The identification of child, family, and other environmental
factors that confer risk for poor developmental outcomes has
long been a major theme in child and adolescent
psychopathology research. Over the past 6 decades, the
Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry has seen an
exponential increase in articles that have included the
search term 'risk prediction', with 17 such works appearing
in the 1960s and 930 occurring in the 2010s. Indeed, the
current issue of JCPP continues this trend with a number of
high-quality studies that in some capacity seek to predict
poor child and adolescent outcomes on the basis of variables
that can be measured earlier in development.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.13199},
Key = {fds348442}
}
@article{fds343770,
Author = {Schechter, J and Do, EK and Zhang, JJ and Hoyo, C and Murphy, SK and Kollins, SH and Fuemmeler, B},
Title = {Effect of Prenatal Smoke Exposure on Birth Weight: The
Moderating Role of Maternal Depressive Symptoms.},
Journal = {Nicotine Tob Res},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {40-47},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nty267},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Both prenatal smoke exposure and depression
have been linked to lower birth weight, a risk factor for
morbidity and mortality. Few studies have looked at the
interaction between these risk factors and none have used a
biomarker to objectively measure prenatal smoke exposure.
The current study sought to examine independent and
interactive effects of cotinine and depression on birth
weight. The effect of race was also explored. METHOD: Data
were drawn from a prospective study of pregnant women (N =
568) in the southeastern United States. Maternal
demographic, health information, depressive symptoms, and
birth data were collected via self-report and medical record
abstraction. Prenatal blood samples were assayed for
cotinine. RESULTS: Controlling for covariates, multiple
regression analyses indicated that both cotinine and
depressive symptoms independently predicted lower birth
weight and a significant interaction was also observed. Upon
probing the interaction, a negative association between
cotinine levels and birth weight was found in the context of
higher depression but not lower depression scores.
Similarly, logistic regression analyses revealed a
significant interaction between cotinine and depression,
such that cotinine predicted having a baby less than 2500 g
among women who fell above the indicated cutoff score.
African American women had the highest levels of cotinine
and lowest weight babies; however, race was not a
significant moderator. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest prenatal
smoke exposure has a greater negative effect on birth weight
for women endorsing co-occurring depressive symptoms.
Findings can inform targeted interventions and assist
medical providers with identifying women at increased risk
for poor perinatal outcomes. IMPLICATIONS: Despite the
common occurrence of smoking during pregnancy and prenatal
depression, the interaction between these risk factors on
birth weight has rarely been examined. Further, the extant
results have been mixed, likely due in part to difficulties
in measurement. The current study was the first to use
prenatal cotinine to assess bias-free, continuous levels of
prenatal smoke exposure. Results indicate that prenatal
cotinine was a significant predictor of birth weight only in
the context of maternal depressive symptoms. These findings
have important implications for mitigating negative
perinatal outcomes for pregnant women and their
children.},
Doi = {10.1093/ntr/nty267},
Key = {fds343770}
}
@article{fds348355,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Damme, KSF and Engelhard, MM and Kollins, SH and Mittal, VA},
Title = {Sleep/Wake Regularity Associated with Default Mode Network
Structure among Healthy Adolescents and Young
Adults.},
Journal = {Scientific Reports},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {509},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57024-3},
Abstract = {Sleep deprivation and disorders are linked to reduced DMN
connectivity. Less is known about how naturalistic sleep
patterns - specifically sleep irregularity - relate to the
DMN, particularly among adolescents and young adults.
Additionally, no studies have utilized graph theory analysis
to clarify whether sleep-related decreases in connectivity
reflect global or local DMN changes. Twenty-five healthy
adolescents and young adults (age range = 12-22;
mean = 18.08; SD = 2.64, 56% female) completed 7
days of actigraphy and resting-state fMRI. Sleep regularity
was captured by the Sleep Regularity Index (SRI) and the
relationship between the SRI and DMN was examined using
graph theory analysis. Analogous analyses explored
relationships between the SRI and additional resting-state
networks. Greater sleep regularity related to decreased path
length (increased network connectivity) in DMN regions,
particularly the right and left lateral parietal lobule, and
the Language Network, including the left inferior frontal
gyrus and the left posterior superior frontal gyrus.
Findings were robust to covariates including sex and age.
Sleep and DMN function may be tightly linked during
adolescence and young adulthood, and reduced DMN
connectivity may reflect local changes within the network.
Future studies should assess how this relationship impacts
cognitive development and neuropsychiatric outcomes in this
age group.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-57024-3},
Key = {fds348355}
}
@article{fds345844,
Author = {Schrott, R and Acharya, K and Itchon-Ramos, N and Hawkey, AB and Pippen,
E and Mitchell, JT and Kollins, SH and Levin, ED and Murphy,
SK},
Title = {Cannabis use is associated with potentially heritable
widespread changes in autism candidate gene DLGAP2 DNA
methylation in sperm.},
Journal = {Epigenetics : Official Journal of the Dna Methylation
Society},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {161-173},
Year = {2020},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2019.1656158},
Abstract = {Parental cannabis use has been associated with adverse
neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring, but how such
phenotypes are transmitted is largely unknown. Using reduced
representation bisulphite sequencing (RRBS), we recently
demonstrated that cannabis use is associated with widespread
DNA methylation changes in human and rat sperm. Discs-Large
Associated Protein 2 (DLGAP2), involved in synapse
organization, neuronal signaling, and strongly implicated in
autism, exhibited significant hypomethylation (p < 0.05)
at 17 CpG sites in human sperm. We successfully validated
the differential methylation present in DLGAP2 for nine CpG
sites located in intron seven (p < 0.05) using
quantitative bisulphite pyrosequencing. Intron 7 DNA
methylation and DLGAP2 expression in human conceptal brain
tissue were inversely correlated (p < 0.01). Adult male
rats exposed to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) showed
differential DNA methylation at Dlgap2 in sperm
(p < 0.03), as did the nucleus accumbens of rats whose
fathers were exposed to THC prior to conception
(p < 0.05). Altogether, these results warrant further
investigation into the effects of preconception cannabis use
in males and the potential effects on subsequent
generations.},
Doi = {10.1080/15592294.2019.1656158},
Key = {fds345844}
}
@article{fds346732,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and McClernon, FJ and Beckham, JC and Brown, RA and Lejuez,
CW and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Smoking abstinence effects on emotion dysregulation in adult
cigarette smokers with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder.},
Journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
Volume = {205},
Pages = {107594},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107594},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is robustly associated with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but little
is known about psychological mechanisms accounting for this
comorbid relationship. This study examined difficulties in
emotion regulation, or emotion dysregulation, among adult
cigarette smokers with and without ADHD. Emotion
dysregulation was predicted to be higher in an ADHD group at
screening and after 24 -h smoking abstinence compared to a
non-ADHD group. METHODS: Cigarette smokers with (n = 19)
and without (n = 20) ADHD completed a screening visit,
baseline visit, and two experimental visits: smoking as
usual (i.e., smoking satiated) and after
biochemically-verified 24 -h smoking abstinence (i.e.,
smoking abstinent). Three emotion dysregulation rating
scales (two self-report and one clinician rated) were
administered at the screening visit and experimental
sessions. Experimental sessions also included two emotion
dysregulation behavioral tasks. RESULTS: The ADHD group
scored higher on all three rating scales at screening (p's <
.001). For experimental sessions, group (ADHD, non-ADHD) x
condition (smoking satiated, smoking abstinence)
interactions were not significant across measures. However,
group main effects emerged indicating higher emotion
dysregulation in the ADHD group across all measures (p's <
.001). Main effects also emerged for experimental condition,
but were more mixed across emotion dysregulation measures.
CONCLUSIONS: Emotion dysregulation was higher among adult
smokers with ADHD and during smoking abstinence across
diagnostic groups, suggesting that this malleable
psychological mechanism plays a role in smoking both for
those with and without ADHD-such findings can inform
treatment and prevention efforts.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107594},
Key = {fds346732}
}
@article{fds344790,
Author = {Xue, H and Maguire, RL and Liu, J and Kollins, SH and Murphy, SK and Hoyo,
C and Fuemmeler, BF},
Title = {Snacking frequency and dietary intake in toddlers and
preschool children.},
Journal = {Appetite},
Volume = {142},
Pages = {104369},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.104369},
Abstract = {Understanding the relationship between snacking and dietary
intake in early life years is one key but understudied area.
In this study, we examined snacking patterns in toddlers and
preschool children and the associations between snacking
frequency and daily energy intake. We analyzed data from
children aged 12-72 months (N = 1186) in the Newborn
Epigenetic STudy (NEST). We used Bonferroni multiple
comparison methods to examine the differences in snacking
patterns across subgroups. Linear and quantile regression
models were fit to investigate the association between
dietary intake and snacking frequency. Our estimates suggest
that Non-Hispanic blacks had the highest total daily energy
intake from snacks (334 kcal/day) compared to non-Hispanic
whites (270 kcal/day) and Hispanics (274 kcal/day) in
12-to-24-month-olds. In 2-to-6-year-olds, mean energy intake
from snacks was 296 kcal/day without a significant
racial/ethnic difference. Carbohydrate, fat and protein from
snacks contributed about 17%, 9% and 4% respectively of the
total energy intake in 12-to-24-month-olds while they
contributed about 15%, 7% and 2% respectively of the total
energy intake in the other age group. Snacking frequency was
positively and significantly associated with total daily
energy intake in both 12-to-24-month-olds and
2-to-6-year-olds as indicated by regression coefficient
estimates of snacking frequency (β = 31.3 kcal/day
with P = 0.027 and β = 175.4 kcal/day with
P < 0.0001, respectively, indicating a higher snacking
frequency was associated with a greater total daily energy
intake). In conclusion, snacking frequency was positively
associated with daily energy intake. Carbohydrates and fats
from snacks are significant energy contributors. Age
differentiation was apparent regarding the relationship
between snacking frequency and dietary intake.
Differentiated interventions that are age-specific and focus
on the dietary quality of snacks instead of quantity are
needed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.appet.2019.104369},
Key = {fds344790}
}
@article{fds346577,
Title = {Corrigendum: Cigarette Smoking Progression Among Young
Adults Diagnosed With ADHD in Childhood: A 16-year
Longitudinal Study of Children With and Without
ADHD.},
Journal = {Nicotine Tob Res},
Volume = {21},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1449},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nty260},
Doi = {10.1093/ntr/nty260},
Key = {fds346577}
}
@article{fds345845,
Author = {Engelhard, MM and Kollins, SH},
Title = {The Many Channels of Screen Media Technology in ADHD: a
Paradigm for Quantifying Distinct Risks and Potential
Benefits.},
Journal = {Current Psychiatry Reports},
Volume = {21},
Number = {9},
Pages = {90},
Year = {2019},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11920-019-1077-1},
Abstract = {PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Individuals with attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be unusually sensitive to
screen media technology (SMT), from television to mobile
devices. Although an association between ADHD and SMT use
has been confirmed, its importance is uncertain partly due
to variability in the way SMT has been conceptualized and
measured. Here, we identify distinct, quantifiable
dimensions of SMT use and review possible links to ADHD to
facilitate more precise, reproducible investigation. RECENT
FINDINGS: Display characteristics, media multitasking,
device notifications, SMT addiction, and media content all
may uniquely impact the ADHD phenotype. Each can be
investigated with a digital health approach and counteracted
with device-based interventions. Novel digital therapeutics
for ADHD demonstrate that specific forms of SMT can also
have positive effects. Further study should quantify how
distinct dimensions of SMT use relate to ADHD. SMT devices
themselves can serve as a self-monitoring study platform and
deliver digital interventions.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11920-019-1077-1},
Key = {fds345845}
}
@article{fds344586,
Author = {Addicott, MA and Schechter, JC and Sapyta, JJ and Selig, JP and Kollins,
SH and Weiss, MD},
Title = {Methylphenidate increases willingness to perform effort in
adults with ADHD.},
Journal = {Pharmacol Biochem Behav},
Volume = {183},
Pages = {14-21},
Year = {2019},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2019.06.008},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: A reduced willingness to perform effort based on
the magnitude and probability of potential rewards has been
associated with diminished dopamine function and may be
relevant to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Here, we investigated the influence of ADHD status and
methylphenidate on effort-based decisions. We hypothesized
that ADHD participants would make fewer high-effort
selections than non-ADHD subjects, and that methylphenidate
would increase the number of high-effort selections.
Furthermore, we hypothesized there would be associations
among ADHD severity and methylphenidate-related changes in
effort-based and attentional performance across all
participants. METHODS AND PARTICIPANTS: ADHD (n = 23)
and non-ADHD (n = 23) adults completed the Effort
Expenditure for Rewards Task in which participants select
between low-effort and high-effort options to receive
monetary rewards at varying levels of reward magnitude and
probability. A test of attentional performance was also
completed. RESULTS: Overall, participants made more
high-effort selections as potential reward magnitude and
probability increased. ADHD participants did not make fewer
high-effort selections than non-ADHD participants, but ADHD
participants showed greater methylphenidate-related
increases in high-effort selections. ADHD participants had
worse attentional performance than non-ADHD participants.
ADHD severity was associated with methylphenidate-related
changes in high-effort selections, but not changes in
attentional performance. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate
that methylphenidate increases the willingness to perform
effort in individuals with ADHD, possibly due to
disorder-related motivational deficits. This provides
support for theories of insufficient effort allocation among
individuals with ADHD. TRIAL REGISTRATION:
Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier, NCT02630017.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pbb.2019.06.008},
Key = {fds344586}
}
@article{fds343497,
Author = {Raman, S and Engelhard, M and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Driving the Point Home: Novel Approaches to Mitigate Crash
Risk for Patients With ADHD.},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-0820},
Doi = {10.1542/peds.2019-0820},
Key = {fds343497}
}
@article{fds336086,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Howard, AL and Belendiuk, KA and Kennedy, TM and Stehli, A and Swanson, JM and Hechtman, L and Arnold, LE and Hoza, B and Vitiello, B and Lu, B and Kollins, SH and Molina,
BSG},
Title = {Cigarette Smoking Progression Among Young Adults Diagnosed
With ADHD in Childhood: A 16-year Longitudinal Study of
Children With and Without ADHD.},
Journal = {Nicotine Tob Res},
Volume = {21},
Number = {5},
Pages = {638-647},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nty045},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk for smoking
cigarettes, but there is little longitudinal research on the
array of smoking characteristics known to be prognostic of
long-term smoking outcomes into adulthood. These variables
were studied into early adulthood in a multisite sample
diagnosed with ADHD combined type at ages 7-9.9 and followed
prospectively alongside an age- and sex-matched local
normative comparison group (LNCG). METHODS: Cigarette
smoking quantity, quit attempts, dependence, and other
characteristics were assessed in the longitudinal Multimodal
Treatment Study of Children with ADHD (MTA) eight times to a
mean age of 24.9 years: ADHD n = 469; LNCG n = 240. RESULTS:
In adulthood, the ADHD group had higher rates of daily
cigarette smoking, one or more quit attempts, shorter time
to first cigarette of the day, and more severe withdrawal
than the LNCG. The ADHD group did not appear to have better
smoking cessation rates despite a higher proportion quitting
at least once. Smoking quantity and nicotine dependence did
not differ between groups. The ADHD group reported younger
daily smoking onset and faster progression from smoking
initiation to daily smoking across assessments. Finally,
ADHD symptom severity in later adolescence and adulthood was
associated with higher risk for daily smoking across
assessments in the ADHD sample. CONCLUSIONS: This study
shows that ADHD-related smoking risk begins at a young age,
progresses rapidly, and becomes resistant to cessation
attempts by adulthood. Prevention efforts should acknowledge
the speed of uptake; treatments should target the higher
relapse risk in this vulnerable population. IMPLICATIONS:
Although childhood ADHD predicts later smoking, longitudinal
studies of this population have yet to fully characterize
smoking behaviors into adulthood that are known to be
prognostic of long-term smoking outcome. The current study
demonstrates earlier and faster progression to daily smoking
among those with a childhood ADHD diagnosis, as well as
greater risk for failed quit attempts. Prevention efforts
should address speed of smoking uptake, while treatments are
needed that address smoking relapse risk. The current study
also demonstrates ADHD symptom severity over development
increases daily smoking risk, implicating the need for
continuous ADHD symptom management.},
Doi = {10.1093/ntr/nty045},
Key = {fds336086}
}
@article{fds343498,
Author = {Barry, CM and Sabhlok, A and Saba, VC and Majors, AD and Schechter, JC and Levine, EL and Streicher, M and Bennett, GG and Kollins, SH and Fuemmeler, BF},
Title = {An Automated Text-Messaging Platform for Enhanced Retention
and Data Collection in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort: Cohort
Management Platform Analysis.},
Journal = {Jmir Public Health and Surveillance},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e11666},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/11666},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Traditional methods for recruiting and
maintaining contact with participants in cohort studies
include print-based correspondence, which can be
unidirectional, labor intensive, and slow. Leveraging
technology can substantially enhance communication, maintain
engagement of study participants in cohort studies, and
facilitate data collection on a range of outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: This paper provides an overview of the
development process and design of a cohort management
platform (CMP) used in the Newborn Epigenetic STudy (NEST),
a large longitudinal birth cohort study. METHODS: The
platform uses short message service (SMS) text messaging to
facilitate interactive communication with participants; it
also semiautomatically performs many recruitment and
retention procedures typically completed by research
assistants over the course of multiple study follow-up
visits. RESULTS: Since February 2016, 302 participants have
consented to enrollment in the platform and 162 have
enrolled with active engagement in the system. Daily
reminders are being used to help improve adherence to the
study's accelerometer wear protocol. At the time of this
report, 213 participants in our follow-up study who were
also registered to use the CMP were eligible for the
accelerometer protocol. Preliminary data show that texters
(138/213, 64.8%), when compared to nontexters (75/213,
35.2%), had significantly longer average
accelerometer-wearing hours (165.6 hours, SD 56.5, vs 145.3
hours, SD 58.5, P=.01) when instructed to wear the devices
for 1 full week. CONCLUSIONS: This platform can serve as a
model for enhancing communication and engagement with
longitudinal study cohorts, especially those involved in
studies assessing environmental exposures.},
Doi = {10.2196/11666},
Key = {fds343498}
}
@article{fds340085,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Kollins, SH and Mittal,
VA},
Title = {Eveningness diurnal preference associated with poorer
socioemotional cognition and social functioning among
healthy adolescents and young adults.},
Journal = {Chronobiol Int},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {439-444},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2018.1538156},
Abstract = {Recently there has been growing interest in associations
between sleep, emotion, and social functioning. Less is
known about relationships between chronotype preference and
socioemotional cognition and functioning, particularly among
adolescents, who experience dramatic normative shifts in
diurnal preference, affective functioning, and social
competence. Fifty-five healthy adolescents and young adults
completed a self-report chronotype preference measure, a
computerized measure of socioemotional cognition, and a
semi-structured clinical interview assessing interpersonal
functioning. Greater eveningness preference was associated
with poorer socioemotional cognition and social functioning
in this age group. Future studies should assess these
relationships across development and using objective
measures of circadian timing.},
Doi = {10.1080/07420528.2018.1538156},
Key = {fds340085}
}
@article{fds342293,
Author = {Fuemmeler, BF and Zucker, N and Sheng, Y and Sanchez, CE and Maguire, R and Murphy, SK and Kollins, SH and Hoyo, C},
Title = {Pre-Pregnancy Weight and Symptoms of Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder and Executive Functioning Behaviors
in Preschool Children.},
Journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health},
Volume = {16},
Number = {4},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040667},
Abstract = {This study examines pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) and
gestational weight gain (GWG) in relation to early childhood
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms and
related executive self-regulation behaviors. The analyses
sample (n = 331) included a subsample of participants from a
birth cohort recruited from prenatal clinics and hospital
facilities from April 2005 to June 2011 in Durham, North
Carolina. Pre-pregnancy BMI was calculated from weight at
the last menstrual period and height was extracted from
medical records. Gestational weight gain was calculated from
pre-pregnancy weight and weight measured at the time of
delivery. ADHD symptoms and executive self-regulation
behaviors were assessed by maternal report (mean age = 3
years). Multivariable regression methods with inverse
probability weighting (IPW) were used to evaluate
associations accounting for sample selection bias and
confounding. Pre-pregnancy BMI at levels ≥35 was
positively associated with higher ADHD symptoms and worse
executive self-regulation behaviors (inhibitory control and
attention). Compared to adequate GWG, less than adequate GWG
was related to more ADHD hyperactive-impulsive symptoms,
whereas greater than adequate GWG was related to more
problematic behaviors related to working memory and
planning. The findings support a link between maternal
weight and child neurodevelopment. Continued research that
help identify biological mechanisms are needed.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph16040667},
Key = {fds342293}
}
@article{fds338440,
Author = {Do, EK and Zucker, NL and Huang, ZY and Schechter, JC and Kollins, SH and Maguire, RL and Murphy, SK and Hoyo, C and Fuemmeler,
BF},
Title = {Associations between imprinted gene differentially
methylated regions, appetitive traits and body mass index in
children.},
Journal = {Pediatr Obes},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e12454},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12454},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Knowledge regarding genetic influences on eating
behaviours is expanding; yet less is known regarding
contributions of epigenetic variation to appetitive traits
and body mass index (BMI) in children. OBJECTIVE: The
purpose of this study was to explore relationships between
methylation at differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of
imprinted genes (insulin-like growth factor 2/H19 and
Delta-like, Drosophila, homolog 1/maternally expressed gene
3) using DNA extracted from umbilical cord blood leucocytes,
two genetically influenced appetitive traits (food
responsiveness and satiety responsiveness) and BMI. METHODS:
Data were obtained from participants (N = 317; mean
age = 3.6 years; SD = 1.8 years) from the Newborn
Epigenetic STudy. Conditional process models were
implemented to investigate the associations between DMRs of
imprinted genes and BMI, and test whether this association
was mediated by appetitive traits and birthweight and
moderated by sex. RESULTS: Appetitive traits and birthweight
did not mediate the relationship between methylation at
DMRs. Increased insulin-like growth factor 2 DMR methylation
was associated with higher satiety responsiveness. Higher
satiety responsiveness was associated with lower BMI.
Associations between methylation at DMRs, appetitive traits
and BMI differed by sex. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the
first studies to demonstrate associations between epigenetic
variation established prior to birth with appetitive traits
and BMI in children, providing support for the need to
uncover genetic and epigenetic mechanisms for appetitive
traits predisposing some individuals to obesity.},
Doi = {10.1111/ijpo.12454},
Key = {fds338440}
}
@article{fds338018,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Editorial Perspective: Delayed circadian rhythm phase: a
cause of late-onset attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
among adolescents?},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {59},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1248-1251},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12956},
Abstract = {Late-onset attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
has been a topic of significant debate within our field. One
question focuses on whether there may be alternative
explanations for the onset of inattentive and/or hyperactive
symptoms in adolescence. Adolescence is a developmental
period associated with a normative circadian rhythm phase
delay, and there is significant overlap in the behavioral
and cognitive manifestations and genetic underpinnings of
ADHD and circadian misalignment. Delayed circadian rhythm
phase is also common among individuals with traditionally
diagnosed ADHD, and exposure to bright light may be
protective against ADHD, a process potentially mediated by
improved circadian timing. In addition, daytime sleepiness
is prevalent in late-onset ADHD. Despite these converging
lines of evidence, circadian misalignment is yet to be
considered in the context of late-onset ADHD - a glaring
gap. It is imperative for future research in late-onset ADHD
to consider a possible causal role of delayed circadian
rhythm phase in adolescence. Clarification of this issue has
significant implications for research, clinical care, and
public health.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.12956},
Key = {fds338018}
}
@article{fds337741,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {Moving Beyond Symptom Remission to Optimize Long-term
Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder.},
Journal = {Jama Pediatr},
Volume = {172},
Number = {10},
Pages = {901-902},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1642},
Doi = {10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1642},
Key = {fds337741}
}
@article{fds338439,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Engelhard, MM and Navar, AM and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {Validation of the Sleep Regularity Index in Older Adults and
Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk.},
Journal = {Scientific Reports},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {14158},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32402-5},
Abstract = {Sleep disturbances, including insufficient sleep duration
and circadian misalignment, confer risk for cardiometabolic
disease. Less is known about the association between the
regularity of sleep/wake schedules and cardiometabolic risk.
This study evaluated the external validity of a new metric,
the Sleep Regularity Index (SRI), among older adults
(n = 1978; mean age 68.7 ± 9.2), as well as
relationships between the SRI and cardiometabolic risk using
data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Results indicated that sleep irregularity was associated
with delayed sleep timing, increased daytime sleep and
sleepiness, and reduced light exposure, but was independent
of sleep duration. Greater sleep irregularity was also
correlated with 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease and
greater obesity, hypertension, fasting glucose, hemoglobin
A1C, and diabetes status. Finally, greater sleep
irregularity was associated with increased perceived stress
and depression, psychiatric factors integrally tied to
cardiometabolic disease. These results suggest that the SRI
is a useful measure of sleep regularity in older adults.
Additionally, sleep irregularity may represent a target for
early identification and prevention of cardiometabolic
disease. Future studies may clarify the causal direction of
these effects, mechanisms underlying links between sleep
irregularity and cardiometabolic risk, and the utility of
sleep interventions in reducing cardiometabolic
risk.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-018-32402-5},
Key = {fds338439}
}
@article{fds311591,
Author = {Faraone, SV and Childress, A and Wigal, SB and Kollins, SH and McDonnell, MA and DeSousa, NJ and Sallee, FR},
Title = {Reliability and Validity of the Daily Parent Rating of
Evening and Morning Behavior Scale, Revised.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {22},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1066-1073},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1087-0547},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054715619009},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Children with ADHD frequently manifest behavioral
difficulties in the morning prior to school. We sought to
assess the reliability and validity of the Daily Parent
Rating of Evening and Morning Behavior Scale, Revised
(DPREMB-R) morning score as a measure of morning behaviors
impaired by ADHD. METHOD: We used data from a clinical trial
of HLD200 treatment in pediatric participants with ADHD to
address our objectives. RESULTS: The DPREMB-R morning score
showed significant internal homogeneity, test-retest
reliability ( r = .52-.45), and good concurrent validity ( r
= .50-.71). CONCLUSION: The DPREMB-R morning score could be
a useful instrument for assessing treatment efficacy in the
morning before school.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054715619009},
Key = {fds311591}
}
@article{fds366015,
Author = {Barry, CM and Sabhlok, A and Saba, VC and Majors, AD and Schechter, JC and Levine, EL and Streicher, M and Bennett, GG and Kollins, SH and Fuemmeler, BF},
Title = {An Automated Text-Messaging Platform for Enhanced Retention
and Data Collection in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort: Cohort
Management Platform Analysis (Preprint)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/preprints.11666},
Abstract = {<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> <p>Traditional methods for
recruiting and maintaining contact with participants in
cohort studies include print-based correspondence, which can
be unidirectional, labor intensive, and slow. Leveraging
technology can substantially enhance communication, maintain
engagement of study participants in cohort studies, and
facilitate data collection on a range of outcomes.</p>
</sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> <p>This paper provides
an overview of the development process and design of a
cohort management platform (CMP) used in the Newborn
Epigenetic STudy (NEST), a large longitudinal birth cohort
study.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> <p>The
platform uses short message service (SMS) text messaging to
facilitate interactive communication with participants; it
also semiautomatically performs many recruitment and
retention procedures typically completed by research
assistants over the course of multiple study follow-up
visits.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> <p>Since
February 2016, 302 participants have consented to enrollment
in the platform and 162 have enrolled with active engagement
in the system. Daily reminders are being used to help
improve adherence to the study’s accelerometer wear
protocol. At the time of this report, 213 participants in
our follow-up study who were also registered to use the CMP
were eligible for the accelerometer protocol. Preliminary
data show that texters (138/213, 64.8%), when compared to
nontexters (75/213, 35.2%), had significantly longer average
accelerometer-wearing hours (165.6 hours, SD 56.5, vs 145.3
hours, SD 58.5, P=.01) when instructed to wear the devices
for 1 full week.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title>
<p>This platform can serve as a model for enhancing
communication and engagement with longitudinal study
cohorts, especially those involved in studies assessing
environmental exposures.</p> </sec>},
Doi = {10.2196/preprints.11666},
Key = {fds366015}
}
@article{fds337110,
Author = {Gao, L and Liu, X and Millstein, J and Siegmund, KD and Dubeau, L and Maguire, RL and Jim Zhang and J and Fuemmeler, BF and Kollins, SH and Hoyo,
C and Murphy, SK and Breton, CV},
Title = {Self-reported prenatal tobacco smoke exposure, AXL gene-body
methylation, and childhood asthma phenotypes.},
Journal = {Clin Epigenetics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {98},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13148-018-0532-x},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Epigenetic modifications, including DNA
methylation, act as one potential mechanism underlying the
detrimental effects associated with prenatal tobacco smoke
(PTS) exposure. Methylation in a gene called AXL was
previously reported to differ in response to PTS. METHODS:
We investigated the association between PTS and epigenetic
changes in AXL and how this was related to childhood asthma
phenotypes. We tested the association between PTS and DNA
methylation at multiple CpG loci of AXL at birth using
Pyrosequencing in two separate study populations, the
Children's Health Study (CHS, n = 799) and the Newborn
Epigenetic Study (NEST, n = 592). Plasma cotinine
concentration was used to validate findings with
self-reported smoking status. The inter-relationships among
AXL mRNA and miR-199a1 expression, PTS, and AXL methylation
were examined. Lastly, we evaluated the joint effects of AXL
methylation and PTS on the risk of asthma and related
symptoms at age 10 years old. RESULTS: PTS was associated
with higher methylation level in the AXL gene body in both
CHS and NEST subjects. In the pooled analysis, exposed
subjects had a 0.51% higher methylation level in this region
compared to unexposed subjects (95% CI 0.29, 0.74;
p < 0.0001). PTS was also associated with 21.2% lower
expression of miR-199a1 (95% CI - 37.9, - 0.1;
p = 0.05), a microRNA known to regulate AXL expression.
Furthermore, the combination of higher AXL methylation and
PTS exposure at birth increased the risk of recent episodes
of bronchitic symptoms in childhood. CONCLUSIONS: PTS was
associated with methylation level of AXL and the combination
altered the risk of childhood bronchitic
symptoms.},
Doi = {10.1186/s13148-018-0532-x},
Key = {fds337110}
}
@article{fds327695,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Weisner, TS and Jensen, PS and Murray, DW and Molina,
BSG and Arnold, LE and Hechtman, L and Swanson, JM and Hinshaw, SP and Victor, EC and Kollins, SH and Wells, KC and Belendiuk, KA and Blonde,
A and Nguyen, C and Ambriz, L and Nguyen, JL},
Title = {How Substance Users With ADHD Perceive the Relationship
Between Substance Use and Emotional Functioning.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {22},
Number = {9_suppl},
Pages = {49S-60S},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054716685842},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Although substance use (SU) is elevated in ADHD
and both are associated with disrupted emotional
functioning, little is known about how emotions and SU
interact in ADHD. We used a mixed qualitative-quantitative
approach to explore this relationship. METHOD: Narrative
comments were coded for 67 persistent (50 ADHD, 17 local
normative comparison group [LNCG]) and 25 desistent (20
ADHD, 5 LNCG) substance users from the Multimodal Treatment
Study of Children with ADHD (MTA) adult follow-up (21.7-26.7
years-old). RESULTS: SU persisters perceived SU positively
affects emotional states and positive emotional effects
outweigh negative effects. No ADHD group effects emerged.
Qualitative analysis identified perceptions that cannabis
enhanced positive mood for ADHD and LNCG SU persisters, and
improved negative mood and ADHD for ADHD SU persisters.
CONCLUSION: Perceptions about SU broadly and mood do not
differentiate ADHD and non-ADHD SU persisters. However,
perceptions that cannabis is therapeutic may inform
ADHD-related risk for cannabis use.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054716685842},
Key = {fds327695}
}
@article{fds336085,
Author = {Dozmorov, MG and Bilbo, SD and Kollins, SH and Zucker, N and Do, EK and Schechter, JC and Zhang, JJ and Murphy, SK and Hoyo, C and Fuemmeler,
BF},
Title = {Associations between maternal cytokine levels during
gestation and measures of child cognitive abilities and
executive functioning.},
Journal = {Brain Behav Immun},
Volume = {70},
Pages = {390-397},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2018.03.029},
Abstract = {Preclinical studies demonstrate that environmentally-induced
alterations in inflammatory cytokines generated by the
maternal and fetal immune system can significantly impact
fetal brain development. Yet, the relationship between
maternal cytokines during gestation and later cognitive
ability and executive function remains understudied.
Children (n = 246) were born of mothers enrolled in the
Newborn Epigenetic Study - a prospective pre-birth cohort in
the Southeastern US. We characterized seven cytokines
[IL-1β, IL-4,IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-17A, tumor necrosis
factor-α (TNFα), and interferon-γ (IFNγ)] and one
chemokine (IL-8) from maternal plasma collected during
pregnancy. We assessed children's cognitive abilities and
executive functioning at a mean age of 4.5 (SD = 1.1)
years. Children's DAS-II and NIH toolbox scores were
regressed on cytokines and the chemokine, controlling for
maternal age, race, education, body mass index, IQ, parity,
smoking status, delivery type, gestational weeks, and child
birth weight and sex. Higher IL-12p70 (βIL-12p70 = 4.26,
p = 0.023) and IL-17A (βIL-17A = 3.70, p = 0.042)
levels were related to higher DAS-II GCA score, whereas
higher IL-1β (βIL-1B = -6.07, p = 0.003) was related
to lower GCA score. Higher IL-12p70 was related to higher
performance on NIH toolbox measures of executive functions
related to inhibitory control and attention (βIL-12p70 =
5.20, p = 0.046) and cognitive flexibility (βIL-12p70 =
5.10, p = 0.047). Results suggest that dysregulation in
gestational immune activity are associated with child
cognitive ability and executive functioning.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.bbi.2018.03.029},
Key = {fds336085}
}
@article{fds330274,
Author = {Sanchez, CE and Barry, C and Sabhlok, A and Russell, K and Majors, A and Kollins, SH and Fuemmeler, BF},
Title = {Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity and child neurodevelopmental
outcomes: a meta-analysis.},
Journal = {Obes Rev},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {464-484},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/obr.12643},
Abstract = {This review examined evidence of the association between
maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity status and child
neurodevelopmental outcomes. PubMed and PsycINFO databases
were systematically searched for empirical studies published
before April 2017 using keywords related to prenatal obesity
and children's neurodevelopment. Of 1483 identified papers,
41 were included in the systematic review, and 32 articles
representing 36 cohorts were included in the meta-analysis.
Findings indicated that compared with children of normal
weight mothers, children whose mothers were overweight or
obese prior to pregnancy were at increased risk for
compromised neurodevelopmental outcomes (overweight:
OR = 1.17, 95% CI [1.11, 1.24], I2 = 65.51; obese:
OR = 1.51; 95% CI [1.35, 1.69], I2 = 79.63).
Pre-pregnancy obesity increased the risk of attention
deficit-hyperactivity disorder (OR = 1.62; 95% CI [1.23,
2.14], I2 = 70.15), autism spectrum disorder
(OR = 1.36; 95% CI [1.08, 1.70], I2 = 60.52),
developmental delay (OR = 1.58; 95% CI [1.39, 1.79], I2
= 75.77) and emotional/behavioural problems (OR = 1.42;
95% CI [1.26, 1.59], I2 = 87.74). Given the current
obesity prevalence among young adults and women of
childbearing age, this association between maternal obesity
during pregnancy and atypical child neurodevelopment
represents a potentially high public health
burden.},
Doi = {10.1111/obr.12643},
Key = {fds330274}
}
@article{fds329549,
Author = {Lee, C-T and McClernon, FJ and Kollins, SH and Fuemmeler,
BF},
Title = {Childhood ADHD Symptoms and Future Illicit Drug Use: The
Role of Adolescent Cigarette Use.},
Journal = {Journal of Pediatric Psychology},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {162-171},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsx098},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to understand how early
cigarette use might predict subsequent illicit drug use,
especially among individuals with attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms during childhood.
METHODS: Data were drawn from the National Longitudinal
Study of Adolescent Health (Waves I-IV). The analysis sample
involves participants who had not used illicit drugs at Wave
I, with no missing responses for studied predictors
(N = 7,332). RESULTS: Smoking status at Wave I (ever
regular vs. never regular) and childhood ADHD symptoms
predicted subsequent illicit drug use at Waves II to IV. No
interaction effect of smoking status at Wave I and childhood
ADHD symptoms was found. However, an indirect effect from
childhood ADHD symptoms on illicit drug use was identified,
through smoking status at Wave I. Similar results were
observed for predicting illicit drug dependence.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the notion that smoking
status during early adolescence may mediate the association
between childhood ADHD symptoms and risk of later adult drug
use. Interventions to prevent smoking among adolescents may
be particularly effective at decreasing subsequent drug use,
especially among children with ADHD symptoms.},
Doi = {10.1093/jpepsy/jsx098},
Key = {fds329549}
}
@article{fds329548,
Author = {Sweitzer, MM and Kollins, SH and Kozink, RV and Hallyburton, M and English, J and Addicott, MA and Oliver, JA and McClernon,
FJ},
Title = {ADHD, Smoking Withdrawal, and Inhibitory Control: Results of
a Neuroimaging Study with Methylphenidate
Challenge.},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {43},
Number = {4},
Pages = {851-858},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2017.248},
Abstract = {Smoking withdrawal negatively impacts inhibitory control,
and these effects are greater for smokers with preexisting
attention problems, such as attention deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). The current study preliminarily evaluated
changes in inhibitory control-related behavior and brain
activation during smoking withdrawal among smokers with
ADHD. Moreover, we investigated the role of catecholamine
transmission in these changes by examining the effects of
40 mg methylphenidate (MPH) administration. Adult daily
smokers with (n=17) and without (n=20) ADHD completed fMRI
scanning under each of three conditions: (a) smoking as
usual+placebo; (b) 24 h smoking abstinence+placebo and (c)
24 h smoking abstinence+MPH. Scan order was randomized and
counterbalanced. Participants completed a modified Go/No-Go
task to assess both sustained and transient inhibitory
control. Voxelwise analysis of task-related BOLD signal
revealed a significant group-by-abstinence interaction in
occipital/parietal cortex during sustained inhibition, with
greater abstinence-induced decreases in activation observed
among ADHD smokers compared with non-ADHD smokers. Changes
in behavioral performance during abstinence were associated
with changes in activation in regions of occipital and
parietal cortex and bilateral insula during sustained
inhibition in both groups. MPH administration improved
behavioral performance and increased sustained inhibitory
control-related activation for both groups. During transient
inhibition, MPH increased prefrontal activation for both
groups and increased striatal activation only among ADHD
smokers. These preliminary findings suggest that
abstinence-induced changes in catecholamine transmission in
visual attention areas (eg, occipital and superior parietal
cortex) may be associated with inhibitory control deficits
and contribute to smoking vulnerability among individuals
with ADHD.},
Doi = {10.1038/npp.2017.248},
Key = {fds329548}
}
@article{fds331559,
Author = {Schechter, JC and Fuemmeler, BF and Hoyo, C and Murphy, SK and Zhang,
JJ and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Impact of Smoking Ban on Passive Smoke Exposure in Pregnant
Non-Smokers in the Southeastern United States.},
Journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15010083},
Abstract = {Prenatal passive smoke exposure raises risk for negative
birth outcomes. Legislation regulating public smoking has
been shown to impact exposure levels, though fewer studies
involving pregnant women have been conducted within the U.S.
where bans are inconsistent across regions. This study
examined the effect of a ban enacted in the southeastern
U.S. on pregnant women's cotinine levels. Additional
analyses compared self-reported exposure to cotinine and
identified characteristics associated with passive exposure.
Pregnant women (N = 851) were recruited prospectively
between 2005 and 2011 in North Carolina. Sociodemographic
and health data were collected via surveys; maternal blood
samples were assayed for cotinine. Among non-active smokers
who provided self-report data regarding passive exposure (N
= 503), 20% were inconsistent with corresponding cotinine.
Among all non-smokers (N = 668), being unmarried, African
American, and less educated were each associated with
greater passive exposure. Controlling for covariates, mean
cotinine was higher prior to the ban compared to after, F(1,
640) = 24.65, p < 0.001. Results suggest that banning
smoking in public spaces may reduce passive smoke exposure
for non-smoking pregnant women. These data are some of the
first to examine the impact of legislation on passive smoke
exposure in pregnant women within the U.S. using a biomarker
and can inform policy in regions lacking comprehensive
smoke-free legislation.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph15010083},
Key = {fds331559}
}
@article{fds332067,
Author = {Davis, NO and Bower, J and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Proof-of-concept study of an at-home, engaging, digital
intervention for pediatric ADHD.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {e0189749},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189749},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Pharmacological and behavioral therapies have
limited impact on the distinct neurocognitive impairments
associated with ADHD, and existing cognitive training
programs have shown limited efficacy. This proof-of-concept
study assessed treatment acceptability and explored outcomes
for a novel digital treatment targeting cognitive processes
implicated in ADHD. METHOD: Participants included 40
children with ADHD and 40 children without ADHD. Following
psychiatric screening, ADHD ratings, and baseline
neuropsychological measures, participants completed 28-days
of at-home treatment. Neuropsychological assessment was
repeated at end-of-study along with treatment satisfaction
measures. RESULTS: Eighty-four percent of treatment sessions
were completed and ratings showed strong intervention
appeal. Significant improvements were observed on a
computerized attention task for the ADHD group and a highly
impaired ADHD High Severity subgroup. There was no change
for the non-ADHD group. Spatial working memory also improved
for the ADHD group and the ADHD High Severity subgroup.
CONCLUSION: Findings provide preliminary support that this
treatment may improve attention, working memory, and
inhibition in children with ADHD. Future research requires
larger-scale randomized controlled trials that also evaluate
treatment impact on functional impairments. TRIAL
REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01943539.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0189749},
Key = {fds332067}
}
@article{fds340526,
Author = {Murphy, SK and Itchon-Ramos, N and Visco, Z and Huang, Z and Grenier, C and Schrott, R and Acharya, K and Boudreau, M-H and Price, TM and Raburn,
DJ and Corcoran, DL and Lucas, JE and Mitchell, JT and McClernon, FJ and Cauley, M and Hall, BJ and Levin, ED and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {Cannabinoid exposure and altered DNA methylation in rat and
human sperm.},
Journal = {Epigenetics : Official Journal of the Dna Methylation
Society},
Volume = {13},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1208-1221},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2018.1554521},
Abstract = {Little is known about the reproductive effects of paternal
cannabis exposure. We evaluated associations between
cannabis or tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure and altered
DNA methylation in sperm from humans and rats, respectively.
DNA methylation, measured by reduced representation
bisulfite sequencing, differed in the sperm of human users
from non-users by at least 10% at 3,979 CpG sites. Pathway
analyses indicated Hippo Signaling and Pathways in Cancer as
enriched with altered genes (Bonferroni p < 0.02). These
same two pathways were also enriched with genes having
altered methylation in sperm from THC-exposed versus
vehicle-exposed rats (p < 0.01). Data validity is
supported by significant correlations between THC exposure
levels in humans and methylation for 177 genes, and
substantial overlap in THC target genes in rat sperm (this
study) and genes previously reported as having altered
methylation in the brain of rat offspring born to parents
both exposed to THC during adolescence. In humans, cannabis
use was also associated with significantly lower sperm
concentration. Findings point to possible pre-conception
paternal reproductive risks associated with cannabis
use.},
Doi = {10.1080/15592294.2018.1554521},
Key = {fds340526}
}
@article{fds311593,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and McIntyre, EM and English, JS and Dennis, MF and Beckham, JC and Kollins, SH},
Title = {A Pilot Trial of Mindfulness Meditation Training for ADHD in
Adulthood: Impact on Core Symptoms, Executive Functioning,
and Emotion Dysregulation.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {21},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1105-1120},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24305060},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Mindfulness meditation training is garnering
increasing empirical interest as an intervention for ADHD in
adulthood, although no studies of mindfulness as a
standalone treatment have included a sample composed
entirely of adults with ADHD or a comparison group. The aim
of this study was to assess the feasibility, acceptability,
and preliminary efficacy of mindfulness meditation for ADHD,
executive functioning (EF), and emotion dysregulation
symptoms in an adult ADHD sample. METHOD: Adults with ADHD
were stratified by ADHD medication status and otherwise
randomized into an 8-week group-based mindfulness treatment
( n = 11) or waitlist group ( n = 9). RESULTS: Treatment
feasibility and acceptability were positive. In addition,
self-reported ADHD and EF symptoms (assessed in the
laboratory and ecological momentary assessment), clinician
ratings of ADHD and EF symptoms, and self-reported emotion
dysregulation improved for the treatment group relative to
the waitlist group over time with large effect sizes.
Improvement was not observed for EF tasks. CONCLUSION:
Findings support preliminary treatment efficacy, though
require larger trials.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054713513328},
Key = {fds311593}
}
@article{fds327694,
Author = {McCullough, LE and Miller, EE and Calderwood, LE and Shivappa, N and Steck, SE and Forman, MR and A Mendez and M and Maguire, R and Fuemmeler,
BF and Kollins, SH and D Bilbo and S and Huang, Z and Murtha, AP and Murphy,
SK and Hébert, JR and Hoyo, C},
Title = {Maternal inflammatory diet and adverse pregnancy outcomes:
Circulating cytokines and genomic imprinting as potential
regulators?},
Journal = {Epigenetics : Official Journal of the Dna Methylation
Society},
Volume = {12},
Number = {8},
Pages = {688-697},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2017.1347241},
Abstract = {Excessive inflammation during pregnancy alters homeostatic
mechanisms of the developing fetus and has been linked to
adverse pregnancy outcomes. An anti-inflammatory diet could
be a promising avenue to combat the pro-inflammatory state
of pregnancy, particularly in obese women, but we lack
mechanistic data linking this dietary pattern during
pregnancy to inflammation and birth outcomes. In an
ethnically diverse cohort of 1057 mother-child pairs, we
estimated the relationships between dietary inflammatory
potential [measured via the energy-adjusted dietary
inflammatory index (E-DII™)] and birth outcomes overall,
as well as by offspring sex and maternal pre-pregnancy body
mass index (BMI). In a subset of women, we also explored
associations between E-DII, circulating cytokines (n = 105),
and offspring methylation (n = 338) as potential modulators
of these relationships using linear regression. Adjusted
regression models revealed that women with pro-inflammatory
diets had elevated rates of preterm birth among female
offspring [β = -0.22, standard error (SE) = 0.07, P<0.01],
but not male offspring (β=0.09, SE = 0.06, P<0.12)
(Pinteraction = 0.003). Similarly, we observed
pro-inflammatory diets were associated with higher rates of
caesarean delivery among obese women (β = 0.17, SE = 0.08,
P = 0.03), but not among women with BMI <25 kg/m2
(Pinteraction = 0.02). We observed consistent inverse
associations between maternal inflammatory cytokine
concentrations (IL-12, IL-17, IL-4, IL-6, and TNFα) and
lower methylation at the MEG3 regulatory sequence (P<0.05);
however, results did not support the link between maternal
E-DII and circulating cytokines. We replicate work by others
on the association between maternal inflammatory diet and
adverse pregnancy outcomes and provide the first empirical
evidence supporting the inverse association between
circulating cytokine concentrations and offspring
methylation.},
Doi = {10.1080/15592294.2017.1347241},
Key = {fds327694}
}
@article{fds324863,
Author = {Schechter, JC and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Prenatal Smoke Exposure and ADHD: Advancing the
Field.},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {139},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e20163481},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-3481},
Doi = {10.1542/peds.2016-3481},
Key = {fds324863}
}
@article{fds319636,
Author = {Childress, AC and Kollins, SH and Cutler, AJ and Marraffino, A and Sikes, CR},
Title = {Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of an Extended-Release
Orally Disintegrating Methylphenidate Tablet in Children
6-12 Years of Age with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder in the Laboratory Classroom Setting.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {66-74},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2016.0002},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Methylphenidate extended-release orally
disintegrating tablets (MPH XR-ODTs) represent a new
technology for MPH delivery. ODTs disintegrate in the mouth
without water and provide a pharmacokinetic profile that is
consistent with once-daily dosing. This study sought to
determine the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of this
novel MPH XR-ODT formulation in school-age children with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a
laboratory classroom setting. METHODS: Children aged 6-12
years with ADHD (n = 87) were enrolled in this
randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled,
parallel, laboratory classroom study. The MPH XR-ODT dose
was titrated to an optimized dose during a 4-week open-label
period and maintained on that dose for 1 week. Participants
(n = 85) were then randomized to receive their optimized
dose of MPH XR-ODT or placebo once daily for 1 week (double
blind), culminating in a laboratory classroom testing day.
Efficacy was evaluated using the Swanson, Kotkin, Agler,
M-Flynn, and Pelham (SKAMP) Attention, Deportment, and
Combined scores along with Permanent Product Measure of
Performance (PERMP; Attempted and Correct) assessments.
Onset and duration of drug action were also evaluated as key
secondary endpoints. Safety assessments included adverse
events (AEs), physical examinations, electrocardiograms
(ECGs), and the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale
(C-SSRS). RESULTS: The average SKAMP-Combined score on the
classroom study day was significantly better for the MPH
XR-ODT group (n = 43) than for the placebo group
(n = 39; p < 0.0001). The effect was evident at 1
hour and lasted through 12 hours postdose. The average
SKAMP-Attention, SKAMP-Deportment, PERMP-A, and PERMP-C
scores were indicative of significantly greater ADHD symptom
control for the MPH XR-ODT group. The most common AEs
reported were decreased appetite, upper abdominal pain,
headache, insomnia, upper respiratory tract infection,
affect lability, irritability, cough, and vomiting.
CONCLUSIONS: MPH XR-ODT was effective and well tolerated for
the treatment of children with ADHD in a laboratory
classroom setting. Clinical Trial Registry: NCT01835548 (
ClinicalTrials.gov ).},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2016.0002},
Key = {fds319636}
}
@article{fds322125,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Krystal, AD and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {Sleep disturbances in adolescents with ADHD: A systematic
review and framework for future research.},
Journal = {Clin Psychol Rev},
Volume = {50},
Pages = {159-174},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.10.004},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Biological mechanisms underlying symptom and
prognostic heterogeneity in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD) are unclear. Sleep impacts neurocognition
and daytime functioning and is disrupted in ADHD, yet little
is known about sleep in ADHD during adolescence, a period
characterized by alterations in sleep, brain structure, and
environmental demands as well as diverging ADHD
trajectories. METHODS: A systematic review identified
studies published prior to August 2016 assessing sleep in
adolescents (aged 10-19years) with ADHD or participating in
population-based studies measuring ADHD symptoms. RESULTS:
Twenty-five studies were identified (19 subjective report, 6
using actigraphy/polysomnography). Findings are mixed but
overall suggest associations between sleep disturbances and
1) ADHD symptoms in the population and 2) poorer clinical,
neurocognitive, and functional outcomes among adolescents
with ADHD. Common limitations of studies included small or
non-representative samples, non-standardized sleep measures,
and cross-sectional methodology. CONCLUSIONS: Current data
on sleep in adolescent ADHD are sparse and limited by
methodological concerns. Future studies are critical for
clarifying a potential role of sleep in contributing to
heterogeneity of ADHD presentation and prognosis. Potential
mechanisms by which sleep disturbances during adolescence
may contribute to worsened symptom severity and persistence
of ADHD into adulthood and an agenda to guide future
research are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cpr.2016.10.004},
Key = {fds322125}
}
@article{fds305762,
Author = {Schoenfelder, EN and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Topical Review: ADHD and Health-Risk Behaviors: Toward
Prevention and Health Promotion.},
Journal = {Journal of Pediatric Psychology},
Volume = {41},
Number = {7},
Pages = {735-740},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0146-8693},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsv162},
Abstract = {Across the lifespan, attention deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) is associated with increased health risk
behaviors including substance abuse, binge eating and
obesity, and unsafe sexual behavior. These risks are
directly linked to the neurocognitive deficits associated
with ADHD, and are also mediated by the cascade of
psychosocial impairments and stressors caused by ADHD across
development. However, little is known about optimal
approaches to improve health outcomes in this high-risk
population. This topical review provides an overview of
health risks associated with ADHD and the limited existing
research relevant to health promotion for children and
adolescents with ADHD. Future research questions and
implications for clinicians are also addressed-especially
how psychologists and medical practitioners may improve
child health through early screenings, increasing medication
adherence, and treating psychosocial impairments.},
Doi = {10.1093/jpepsy/jsv162},
Key = {fds305762}
}
@article{fds319637,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Sweitzer, MM and Tunno, AM and Kollins, SH and McClernon, FJ},
Title = {"I Use Weed for My ADHD": A Qualitative Analysis of Online
Forum Discussions on Cannabis Use and ADHD.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {11},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e0156614},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156614},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
is a risk factor for problematic cannabis use. However,
clinical and anecdotal evidence suggest an increasingly
popular perception that cannabis is therapeutic for ADHD,
including via online resources. Given that the Internet is
increasingly utilized as a source of healthcare information
and may influence perceptions, we conducted a qualitative
analysis of online forum discussions, also referred to as
threads, on the effects of cannabis on ADHD to
systematically characterize the content patients and
caregivers may encounter about ADHD and cannabis. METHODS: A
total of 268 separate forum threads were identified. Twenty
percent (20%) were randomly selected, which yielded 55
separate forum threads (mean number of individual posts per
forum thread = 17.53) scored by three raters (Cohen's kappa
= 0.74). A final sample of 401 posts in these forum threads
received at least one endorsement on predetermined topics
following qualitative coding procedures. RESULTS:
Twenty-five (25%) percent of individual posts indicated that
cannabis is therapeutic for ADHD, as opposed to 8% that it
is harmful, 5% that it is both therapeutic and harmful, and
2% that it has no effect on ADHD. This pattern was generally
consistent when the year of each post was considered. The
greater endorsement of therapeutic versus harmful effects of
cannabis did not generalize to mood, other (non-ADHD)
psychiatric conditions, or overall domains of daily life.
Additional themes emerged (e.g., cannabis being considered
sanctioned by healthcare providers). CONCLUSIONS: Despite
that there are no clinical recommendations or systematic
research supporting the beneficial effects of cannabis use
for ADHD, online discussions indicate that cannabis is
considered therapeutic for ADHD-this is the first study to
identify such a trend. This type of online information could
shape ADHD patient and caregiver perceptions, and influence
cannabis use and clinical care.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156614},
Key = {fds319637}
}
@article{fds273994,
Author = {Koblan, KS and Hopkins, SC and Sarma, K and Jin, F and Goldman, R and Kollins, SH and Loebel, A},
Title = {Dasotraline for the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled,
Proof-of-Concept Trial in Adults.},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {40},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2745-2752},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0893-133X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2015.124},
Abstract = {Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a
neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of
inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity associated with
clinically significant impairment in functioning. ADHD has
an early onset, but frequently persists, with a prevalence
estimate of 4% in adults. Dasotraline is a novel compound
that is a potent inhibitor of dopamine and norepinephrine
transporters that achieves stable plasma concentrations with
once-daily dosing. In this study, adult outpatients meeting
DSM-IV-TR criteria for ADHD were randomized to 4 weeks of
double-blind, once-daily treatment with dasotraline 4 and
8 mg/day or placebo. The primary efficacy end point was
change from baseline at week 4 in the ADHD Rating Scale,
Version IV (ADHD RS-IV) total score. Secondary efficacy end
points included the Clinical Global Impression, Severity
(CGI-S) scale, modified for ADHD symptoms. Least squares
(LS) mean improvements at week 4 in ADHD RS-IV total score
were significantly greater for dasotraline 8 mg/day vs
placebo (-13.9 vs -9.7; P=0.019), and nonsignificantly
greater for 4 mg/day (-12.4; P=0.076). The LS mean
improvements in modified CGI-S were significantly greater at
week 4 for dasotraline 8 mg/day vs placebo (-1.1 vs -0.7;
P=0.013), and for 4 mg/day vs placebo (-1.1 vs -0.7;
P=0.021). The most frequent adverse events reported were
insomnia, decreased appetite, nausea, and dry mouth.
Discontinuations due to treatment-emergent adverse events
were 10.3% and 27.8% of patients in 4 and 8 mg/day
treatment groups, respectively. This study provides
preliminary evidence that once-daily dosing with
dasotraline, a long-acting, dual monoamine reuptake
inhibitor, may be a safe and efficacious treatment for adult
ADHD.},
Doi = {10.1038/npp.2015.124},
Key = {fds273994}
}
@article{fds273992,
Author = {Vitiello, B and Lazzaretto, D and Yershova, K and Abikoff, H and Paykina, N and McCracken, JT and McGough, JJ and Kollins, SH and Greenhill, LL and Wigal, S and Wigal, T and Riddle,
MA},
Title = {Pharmacotherapy of the Preschool ADHD Treatment
Study (PATS) Children Growing Up.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {54},
Number = {7},
Pages = {550-556},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2015.04.004},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe the long-term psychopharmacological
treatment of children first diagnosed with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as
preschoolers. METHOD: In a systematic, prospective,
naturalistic follow-up, 206 (68.0%) of the 303 children who
participated in the Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS)
were reassessed 3 years (mean age 7.4 years) and 179 (59.1%)
were reassessed 6 years (mean age 10.4 years) after
completion of the controlled study. Pharmacotherapy and
clinical data were obtained from the parents.
Pharmacotherapy was defined as use of a specific class of
medication for at least 50% of the days in the previous 6
months. RESULTS: At year 3, a total of 34.0% of the
participants were on no pharmacotherapy, 41.3% were on
stimulant monotherapy, 9.2% were on atomoxetine alone or
with a stimulant, 8.3% were on an antipsychotic usually
together with a stimulant, and the remaining 7.2% were on
other pharmacotherapy; overall, 65.0% were on an indicated
ADHD medication. At year 6, a total of 26.8% of the
participants were on no pharmacotherapy, 40.2% were on
stimulant monotherapy, 4.5% were on atomoxetine alone or
with a stimulant, 13.4% were on an antipsychotic, and 15.1%
were on other pharmacotherapy; overall, 70.9% were on an
indicated ADHD medication. Antipsychotic treatment was
associated with more comorbidity, in particular disruptive
behavior disorders and pervasive development disorders, and
a lower level of functioning. CONCLUSION: In this study, the
long-term pharmacotherapy of preschoolers with ADHD was
heterogeneous. Although stimulant medication continued to be
used by most children, about 1 child in 4 was off
medication, and about 1 in 10 was on an antipsychotic.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2015.04.004},
Key = {fds273992}
}
@article{fds273998,
Author = {Childress, AC and Brams, M and Cutler, AJ and Kollins, SH and Northcutt,
J and Padilla, A and Turnbow, JM},
Title = {The Efficacy and Safety of Evekeo, Racemic Amphetamine
Sulfate, for Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder Symptoms: A Multicenter, Dose-Optimized,
Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover
Laboratory Classroom Study.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {25},
Number = {5},
Pages = {402-414},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2014.0176},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The study goal was to determine the efficacy and
safety of an optimal dose of Evekeo, racemic amphetamine
sulfate, 1:1 d-amphetamine and l-amphetamine (R-AMPH),
compared to placebo in treating children with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a
laboratory classroom setting. METHODS: A total of 107
children ages 6-12 years were enrolled in this multicenter,
dose-optimized, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
crossover study. After 8 weeks of open-label dose
optimization, 97 subjects were randomized to 2 weeks of
double-blind treatment in the sequence of R-AMPH followed by
placebo (n=47) or placebo followed by R-AMPH (n=50).
Efficacy measures included the Swanson, Kotkin, Agler,
M-Flynn, and Pelham (SKAMP) Rating Scale and Permanent
Product Measure of Performance (PERMP) administered predose
and at 0.75, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours postdose on 2
laboratory classroom days. Safety assessments included
physical examination, chemistry, hematology, vital signs,
and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). RESULTS:
Compared to placebo, a single daily dose of R-AMPH
significantly improved SKAMP-Combined scores (p<0.0001) at
each time point tested throughout the laboratory classroom
days, with effect onset 45 minutes postdose and extending
through 10 hours. R-AMPH significantly improved PERMP number
of problems attempted and correct (p<0.0001) throughout the
laboratory classroom days. During the twice-daily
dose-optimization open-label phase, improvements were
observed with R-AMPH in scores of the ADHD-Rating Scale IV
and Clinical Global Impressions Severity and Improvement
Scales. TEAEs and changes in vital signs associated with
R-AMPH were generally mild and not unexpected. The most
common TEAEs in the open-label phase were decreased appetite
(27.6%), upper abdominal pain (14.3%), irritability (14.3%),
and headache (13.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to placebo,
R-AMPH was effective in treating children aged 6-12 years
with ADHD, beginning at 45 minutes and continuing through 10
hours postdose, and was well tolerated. TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01986062.
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01986062.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2014.0176},
Key = {fds273998}
}
@article{fds273993,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Zylowska, L and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Mindfulness Meditation Training for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder in Adulthood: Current Empirical Support, Treatment
Overview, and Future Directions.},
Journal = {Cognitive and Behavioral Practice},
Volume = {22},
Number = {2},
Pages = {172-191},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1077-7229},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2014.10.002},
Abstract = {Research examining nonpharmacological interventions for
adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) has expanded in recent years and provides
patients with more treatment options. Mindfulness-based
training is an example of an intervention that is gaining
promising preliminary empirical support and is increasingly
administered in clinical settings. The aim of this review is
to provide a rationale for the application of mindfulness to
individuals diagnosed with ADHD, describe the current state
of the empirical basis for mindfulness training in ADHD, and
summarize a treatment approach specific to adults diagnosed
with ADHD: the Mindful Awareness Practices (MAPs) for ADHD
Program. Two case study examples are provided to demonstrate
relevant clinical issues for practitioners interested in
this approach. Directions for future research, including
mindfulness meditation as a standalone treatment and as a
complementary approach to cognitive-behavioral therapy, are
provided.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cbpra.2014.10.002},
Key = {fds273993}
}
@article{fds314753,
Author = {Fuemmeler, BF and Hoyo, C and Murphy, S and Vidal, AC and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {PRE-PREGNANCY OBESITY AND OFFSPRING NEUROBEHAVIORAL
DEVELOPMENT},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {49},
Pages = {S252-S252},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000367825002480&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds314753}
}
@article{fds273999,
Author = {Lee, C-T and Clark, TT and Kollins, SH and McClernon, FJ and Fuemmeler,
BF},
Title = {Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms and
smoking trajectories: race and gender differences.},
Journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
Volume = {148},
Pages = {180-187},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0376-8716},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.002},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: This study examined the influence of Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms severity and
directionality (hyperactive-impulsive symptoms relative to
inattentive symptoms) on trajectories of the probability of
current (past month) smoking and the number of cigarettes
smoked from age 13 to 32. Racial and gender differences in
the relationship of ADHD symptoms and smoking trajectories
were also assessed. METHODS: A subsample of 9719 youth
(54.5% female) was drawn from the National Longitudinal
Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Cohort
sequential design and zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) latent
growth modeling were used to estimate the relationship
between ADHD directionality and severity on smoking
development. RESULTS: ADHD severity's effect on the
likelihood of ever smoking cigarettes at the intercept (age
13) had a greater impact on White males than other groups.
ADHD severity also had a stronger influence on the initial
number of cigarettes smoked at age 13 among Hispanic
participants. The relationships between ADHD directionality
(hyperactive-impulsive symptoms relative to inattentive
symptoms) and a higher number of cigarettes smoked at the
intercept were stronger among Hispanic males than others.
Gender differences manifested only among Whites. CONCLUSION:
ADHD severity and directionality had unique effects on
smoking trajectories. Our results also highlight that the
risk of ADHD symptoms may differ by race and
gender.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.002},
Key = {fds273999}
}
@article{fds274003,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Schoenfelder, EN and English, JS and Holdaway, A and Van
Voorhees, E and O'Brien, BR and Dew, R and Chrisman,
AK},
Title = {An exploratory study of the combined effects of orally
administered methylphenidate and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC) on cardiovascular function, subjective effects, and
performance in healthy adults.},
Journal = {J Subst Abuse Treat},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {96-103},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0740-5472},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2014.07.014},
Abstract = {Methylphenidate (MPH) is commonly prescribed for the
treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD), and is often used illicitly by young adults. Illicit
users often coadminister MPH with marijuana. Little is known
about physiologic and subjective effects of these substances
used in combination. In this double-blind, cross-over
experiment, sixteen healthy adult subjects free from
psychiatric illness (including ADHD) and reporting modest
levels of marijuana use participated in 6 experimental
sessions wherein all combinations of placebo or 10mg oral
doses of delta-9-tetrahydocannibinol (THC); and 0mg, 10mg
and 40 mg of MPH were administered. Sessions were separated
by at least 48 hours. Vital signs, subjective effects, and
performance measure were collected. THC and MPH showed
additive effects on heart rate and rate pressure product
(e.g., peak heart rate for 10mg THC+0mg, 10mg, and 40 mg
MPH=89.1, 95.9, 102.0 beats/min, respectively). Main effects
of THC and MPH were also observed on a range of subjective
measures of drug effects, and significant THC dose × MPH
dose interactions were found on measures of "Feel Drug,"
"Good Effects," and "Take Drug Again." THC increased
commission errors on a continuous performance test (CPT) and
MPH reduced reaction time variability on this measure.
Effects of THC, MPH, and their combination were variable on
a measure of working memory (n-back task), though in
general, MPH decreased reaction times and THC mitigated
these effects. These results suggest that the combination of
low to moderate doses of MPH and THC produces unique effects
on cardiovascular function, subjective effects and
performance measures.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jsat.2014.07.014},
Key = {fds274003}
}
@article{fds319638,
Author = {Koblan, KS and Hopkins, SC and Sarma, K and Jin, F and Goldman, R and Kollins, SH and Loebel, A},
Title = {Dasotraline for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled,
proof-of-concept trial in adults},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {40},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2745-2752},
Year = {2015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2015.124},
Abstract = {© 2015 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology.Attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder
characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and
impulsivity associated with clinically significant
impairment in functioning. ADHD has an early onset, but
frequently persists, with a prevalence estimate of 4% in
adults. Dasotraline is a novel compound that is a potent
inhibitor of dopamine and norepinephrine transporters that
achieves stable plasma concentrations with once-daily
dosing. In this study, adult outpatients meeting DSM-IV-TR
criteria for ADHD were randomized to 4 weeks of
double-blind, once-daily treatment with dasotraline 4 and 8
mg/day or placebo. The primary efficacy end point was change
from baseline at week 4 in the ADHD Rating Scale, Version IV
(ADHD RS-IV) total score. Secondary efficacy end points
included the Clinical Global Impression, Severity (CGI-S)
scale, modified for ADHD symptoms. Least squares (LS) mean
improvements at week 4 in ADHD RS-IV total score were
significantly greater for dasotraline 8 mg/day vs placebo
(-13.9 vs -9.7; P=0.019), and nonsignificantly greater for 4
mg/day (-12.4; P=0.076). The LS mean improvements in
modified CGI-S were significantly greater at week 4 for
dasotraline 8 mg/day vs placebo (-1.1 vs -0.7; P=0.013), and
for 4 mg/day vs placebo (-1.1 vs -0.7; P=0.021). The most
frequent adverse events reported were insomnia, decreased
appetite, nausea, and dry mouth. Discontinuations due to
treatment-emergent adverse events were 10.3% and 27.8% of
patients in 4 and 8 mg/day treatment groups, respectively.
This study provides preliminary evidence that once-daily
dosing with dasotraline, a long-acting, dual monoamine
reuptake inhibitor, may be a safe and efficacious treatment
for adult ADHD.},
Doi = {10.1038/npp.2015.124},
Key = {fds319638}
}
@article{fds274000,
Author = {Wigal, SB and Greenhill, LL and Nordbrock, E and Connor, DF and Kollins,
SH and Adjei, A and Childress, A and Stehli, A and Kupper,
RJ},
Title = {A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study
evaluating the time course of response to methylphenidate
hydrochloride extended-release capsules in children with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {24},
Number = {10},
Pages = {562-569},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2014.0100},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the time
of onset and time course of efficacy over 12.0 hours of
extended-release multilayer bead formulation of
methylphenidate (MPH-MLR) compared with placebo in children
6-12 years of age with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) in a laboratory school setting. METHODS:
This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study
included children 6-12 years of age with ADHD. Enrolled
children went through four study phases: 1) Screening period
(≤4 weeks) and a 2 day medication washout period; 2)
open-label period with dose initiation of MPH-MLR 15 mg
daily and individual dose optimization treatment period (2-4
weeks); 3) double-blind crossover period in which
participants were randomized to sequences (1 week each) of
placebo and the optimized MPH-MLR dose given daily; and 4)
follow-up safety call. Analog classroom time course
evaluations were performed at the end of each double-blind
week. The primary efficacy end-point was the mean of the
on-treatment/postdose Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn, and
Pelham (SKAMP)-Total scores over time points collected
1.0-12.0 hours after dosing. End-points were evaluated using
a mixed-effects analysis of covariance. RESULTS: The
evaluable population included 20 participants. The
least-squares mean postdose SKAMP-Total score was higher for
placebo than for MPH-MLR (2.18 vs. 1.32, respectively;
p=0.0001), indicating fewer symptoms with MPH-MLR therapy
than with placebo. No difference in SKAMP-Total score
between participants who received sequence 1 or sequence 2
was noted. From each of hours 1.0-12.0, least-squares mean
SKAMP-Total score was significantly lower for those
receiving MPH-MLR than for those receiving placebo
(p≤0.0261). Neither serious adverse events nor new or
unexpected safety findings were noted during the study.
CONCLUSIONS: MPH-MLR showed a significant decrease in SKAMP
scores compared with placebo in children with ADHD 6-12
years of age, indicating a decrease in ADHD symptoms. The
estimated onset was observed within 1.0 hour, and duration
was measured to 12.0 hours postdose. TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01269463.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2014.0100},
Key = {fds274000}
}
@article{fds274001,
Author = {Smith, TF and Anastopoulos, AD and Garrett, ME and Arias-Vasquez, A and Franke, B and Oades, RD and Sonuga-Barke, E and Asherson, P and Gill, M and Buitelaar, JK and Sergeant, JA and Kollins, SH and Faraone, SV and Ashley-Koch, A and IMAGE Consortium},
Title = {Angiogenic, neurotrophic, and inflammatory system SNPs
moderate the association between birth weight and ADHD
symptom severity.},
Journal = {Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet},
Volume = {165B},
Number = {8},
Pages = {691-704},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1552-4841},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.32275},
Abstract = {Low birth weight is associated with increased risk for
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD); however,
the etiological underpinnings of this relationship remain
unclear. This study investigated if genetic variants in
angiogenic, dopaminergic, neurotrophic, kynurenine, and
cytokine-related biological pathways moderate the
relationship between birth weight and ADHD symptom severity.
A total of 398 youth from two multi-site, family-based
studies of ADHD were included in the analysis. The sample
consisted of 360 ADHD probands, 21 affected siblings, and 17
unaffected siblings. A set of 164 SNPs from 31 candidate
genes, representing five biological pathways, were included
in our analyses. Birth weight and gestational age data were
collected from a state birth registry, medical records, and
parent report. Generalized Estimating Equations tested for
main effects and interactions between individual SNPs and
birth weight centile in predicting ADHD symptom severity.
SNPs within neurotrophic (NTRK3) and cytokine genes (CNTFR)
were associated with ADHD inattentive symptom severity.
There was no main effect of birth weight centile on ADHD
symptom severity. SNPs within angiogenic (NRP1 & NRP2),
neurotrophic (NTRK1 & NTRK3), cytokine (IL16 & S100B), and
kynurenine (CCBL1 & CCBL2) genes moderate the association
between birth weight centile and ADHD symptom severity. The
SNP main effects and SNP × birth weight centile
interactions remained significant after adjusting for
multiple testing. Genetic variability in angiogenic,
neurotrophic, and inflammatory systems may moderate the
association between restricted prenatal growth, a proxy for
an adverse prenatal environment, and risk to develop
ADHD.},
Doi = {10.1002/ajmg.b.32275},
Key = {fds274001}
}
@article{fds274002,
Author = {Adjei, A and Kupper, RJ and Teuscher, NS and Wigal, S and Sallee, F and Childress, A and Kollins, SH and Greenhill, L},
Title = {Steady-state bioavailability of extended-release
methylphenidate (MPH-MLR) capsule vs. immediate-release
methylphenidate tablets in healthy adult
volunteers.},
Journal = {Clin Drug Investig},
Volume = {34},
Number = {11},
Pages = {795-805},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1173-2563},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40261-014-0234-x},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to determine the
relative bioavailability of an extended-release multilayer
bead formulation of methylphenidate hydrochloride (MPH-MLR)
80 mg vs. methylphenidate immediate-release (IR;
Ritalin(®)) tablets as single and multiple doses in the fed
state. METHODS: A single-center, multiple-dose, randomized,
open-label, two-period crossover study conducted in 26
healthy adults assigned to 4 days of once-daily MPH-MLR
80 mg or IR methylphenidate 25 mg three times daily.
RESULTS: MPH-MLR 80 mg produced reproducible biphasic
profiles of plasma methylphenidate concentrations
characterized by a rapid initial peak, followed by a
moderate decline reaching a plateau ~5 h post dose, then a
gradual increase culminating in an attenuated second peak
~7 h post dose. Maximum concentration was lower for MPH-MLR
80 mg than IR methylphenidate 25 mg three times daily on
day 1 (23.70 vs. 31.47 ng/mL); exposure was similar. The
geometric mean ratios (MPH-MLR/IR methylphenidate [90 %
CI]) of log-transformed area under the plasma drug
concentration-time curve to the last measurable observation
(day 1: 0.88 [84.75-91.80]; day 4: 0.84 [81.16-86.94]), and
area under the plasma drug concentration extrapolated to
infinity (day 1: 0.93 [88.57-97.28]; day 4: 0.88
[84.48-91.17]) were within the 80-125 % bioequivalence
range. The mean ± SD MPH-MLR 80-mg capsule day 4 area
under the plasma drug concentration vs. time curve from 0 to
4 h (74.5 ± 15.2 ng·h/mL) was greater than IR
methylphenidate 25 mg three times daily
(66.0 ± 17.4 ng·h/mL), confirming steady-state levels
during the study period. All treatment regimens were safe
and well tolerated. CONCLUSION: MPH-MLR 80-mg capsule once
daily or IR methylphenidate 25 mg three times daily
provides comparable maximum methylphenidate concentrations
and systemic exposure in the fed state.},
Doi = {10.1007/s40261-014-0234-x},
Key = {fds274002}
}
@article{fds274006,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Dennis, MF and English, JS and Dennis, PA and Brightwood, A and Beckham, JC and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Ecological momentary assessment of antecedents and
consequences of smoking in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder.},
Journal = {Subst Use Misuse},
Volume = {49},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1446-1456},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1082-6084},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2014.912229},
Abstract = {The current study assessed antecedents and consequences of
ad lib cigarette smoking in smokers diagnosed with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using
ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Adult smokers with
ADHD (n = 17) completed 870 smoking and 622 nonsmoking
electronic diary entries over a 7-day observation period of
their naturalistic smoking behavior. Data collection
occurred from 2011 to 2012. Generalized estimating equations
indicated that ADHD smokers were more likely to smoke when
urge to smoke, negative affect, boredom, stress, worry, and
restlessness were elevated. In addition, participants were
more likely to smoke in situations that elicited higher
levels of nervousness and frustration. ADHD symptoms, in
general, did not differ between smoking and nonsmoking
contexts, though hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms were
elevated prior to smoking in frustrating situations.
Additional situational antecedent variables were associated
with smoking, including being in the presence of others
smoking, being in a bar or restaurant, while outside, and
while consuming caffeinated or alcoholic beverages.
Participants also reported a significant improvement in urge
to smoke, negative affect, stress, hunger, and ADHD symptoms
after smoking a cigarette. Findings suggest certain
contextual factors that may maintain ad lib cigarette
smoking in smokers with ADHD and identify potential
treatment targets in smoking cessation interventions for
this at-risk group. Clinical implications and future
research directions are discussed. Funding for this study
was provided by the National Institute on Drug
Abuse.},
Doi = {10.3109/10826084.2014.912229},
Key = {fds274006}
}
@article{fds274008,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Adcock, RA},
Title = {ADHD, altered dopamine neurotransmission, and disrupted
reinforcement processes: implications for smoking and
nicotine dependence.},
Journal = {Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry},
Volume = {52},
Pages = {70-78},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0278-5846},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.02.002},
Abstract = {Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common
and impairing disorder affecting millions of children,
adolescents, and adults. Individuals with ADHD smoke
cigarettes at rates significantly higher than their
non-diagnosed peers and the disorder also confers risk for a
number of related adverse smoking outcomes including earlier
age of initiation, faster progression to regular use,
heavier smoking/greater dependence, and more difficulty
quitting. Progress in our understanding of dopamine
neurotransmission and basic behavioral reinforcement
processes in ADHD may help increase our understanding of the
ADHD-smoking comorbidity. This review will examine how these
areas have been studied and how further work may aid in the
development of better prevention and treatment for smoking
in those with ADHD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.02.002},
Key = {fds274008}
}
@article{fds274005,
Author = {Schoenfelder, EN and Faraone, SV and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Stimulant treatment of ADHD and cigarette smoking: a
meta-analysis.},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {133},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1070-1080},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0031-4005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-0179},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Individuals with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a
significantly higher risk of cigarette smoking. The nature
of the relationship between smoking and psychostimulant
medications commonly used to treat ADHD is controversial.
Our objective was to examine the relationship between
stimulant treatment of ADHD and cigarette smoking by using
meta-analysis, and to identify study and sample
characteristics that moderate this relationship. METHODS:
Literature searches on PubMed and PsycInfo databases
identified published studies for inclusion. Included studies
compared cigarette smoking outcomes for stimulant-treated
and untreated ADHD individuals. Seventeen studies met
inclusion criteria, and 14 (total n = 2360) contained
sufficient statistical information for inclusion in the
meta-analysis. Two authors extracted odds ratios or
frequencies of smokers in the treatment or nontreatment
groups, and coded study characteristics including sample
source, percentage of male participants, follow-up length,
treatment consistency, type of smoking measure, prospective
study, and controlling for comorbidities. RESULTS:
Meta-analysis revealed a significant association between
stimulant treatment and lower smoking rates. Meta-regression
indicated that effect sizes were larger for studies that
used clinical samples, included more women, measured smoking
in adolescence rather than adulthood, conceptualized
stimulant treatment as consistent over time, and accounted
for comorbid conduct disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly all
studies were naturalistic, precluding causal inferences.
Available data were insufficient to examine additional
influences of patient demographics, treatment effectiveness,
or other comorbidities. Consistent stimulant treatment of
ADHD may reduce smoking risk; the effect was larger in
samples with more severe psychopathology. Implications for
further research, treatment of ADHD, and smoking prevention
are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1542/peds.2014-0179},
Key = {fds274005}
}
@article{fds351077,
Author = {Fuemmeler, B and Lee, C-T and Kollins, S and McClernon, JF and Bazemore,
S},
Title = {ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
SYMPTOMS AND ILLICIT DRUG USE IN ADD HEALTH
SAMPLE},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {47},
Pages = {S46-S46},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds351077}
}
@article{fds274020,
Author = {Kollins, SH and English, JS and Itchon-Ramos, N and Chrisman, AK and Dew, R and O'Brien, B and McClernon, FJ},
Title = {A pilot study of lis-dexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX/SPD489)
to facilitate smoking cessation in nicotine-dependent adults
with ADHD.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {158-168},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22508760},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy
and tolerability of lis-dexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) as an
adjunct to nicotine replacement therapy in adult smokers
with ADHD who were undergoing a quit attempt. METHODS:
Thirty-two regular adult smokers with ADHD were randomized
to receive LDX (n = 17) or placebo (n = 15) in addition to
nicotine patch concurrent with a quit attempt. RESULTS:
There were no differences between smokers assigned to LDX
versus placebo in any smoking outcomes. Participants treated
with LDX demonstrated significant reductions in
self-reported and clinician-rated ADHD symptoms. LDX was
well tolerated in smokers attempting to quit. DISCUSSION: In
general, LDX does not facilitate smoking cessation in adults
with ADHD more than does placebo, though both groups
significantly reduced smoking. LDX demonstrated efficacy for
reducing ADHD symptoms in adult smokers engaging in a quit
attempt.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054712440320},
Key = {fds274020}
}
@article{fds274012,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and McIntyre, EM and McClernon, FJ and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {Smoking motivation in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder using the Wisconsin inventory of smoking dependence
motives.},
Journal = {Nicotine Tob Res},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {120-125},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24078759},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Smokers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) differ from smokers without ADHD across a
range of smoking outcomes (e.g., higher prevalence rates of
smoking, faster progression to regular smoking, and greater
difficulty quitting). Moreover, ADHD as a disorder has been
characterized by deficits in fundamental motivational
processes. To date, few studies have examined how motivation
for smoking might differ between nicotine-dependent
individuals with and without ADHD. The goal of this study
was to assess whether specific smoking motivation factors
differentiate smokers with and without ADHD as measured by
an empirically derived self-report measure of smoking
motivations. METHODS: Smokers with (n = 61) and without (n =
89) ADHD participated in a range of laboratory and clinical
studies that included the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking
Dependence Motives (WISDM). RESULTS: A series of one-way
analysis of covariances statistically controlling for age
and race indicated that smokers with ADHD scored higher on
the following WISDM subscales than their non-ADHD peers:
automaticity, loss of control, cognitive enhancement, cue
exposure, and negative reinforcement. Smokers in the
non-ADHD group yielded higher scores on the social-
environmental goads WISDM subscale. No group by gender
interactions emerged. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smokers with
ADHD report different motives for smoking than smokers
without ADHD. Clarifying the role of these motivational
factors has implications for smoking prevention and
treatment.},
Doi = {10.1093/ntr/ntt144},
Key = {fds274012}
}
@article{fds274007,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Schick, RS and Hallyburton, M and Dennis, MF and Kollins, SH and Beckham, JC and McClernon, FJ},
Title = {Combined ecological momentary assessment and global
positioning system tracking to assess smoking behavior: a
proof of concept study.},
Journal = {J Dual Diagn},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-29},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {1550-4263},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2013.866841},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods
have provided a rich assessment of the contextual factors
associated with a wide range of behaviors including alcohol
use, eating, physical activity, and smoking. Despite this
rich database, this information has not been linked to
specific locations in space. Such location information,
which can now be easily acquired from global positioning
system (GPS) tracking devices, could provide unique
information regarding the space-time distribution of
behaviors and new insights into their determinants. In a
proof of concept study, we assessed the acceptability and
feasibility of acquiring and combining EMA and GPS data from
adult smokers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD). METHODS: Participants were adults with ADHD who were
enrolled in a larger EMA study on smoking and psychiatric
symptoms. Among those enrolled in the latter study who were
approached to participate (N = 11), 10 consented, provided
daily EMA entries, and carried a GPS device with them during
a 7-day assessment period to assess aspects of their smoking
behavior. RESULTS: The majority of those eligible to
participate were willing to carry a GPS device and signed
the consent (10 out of 11, 91%). Of the 10 who consented, 7
participants provided EMA entries and carried the GPS device
with them daily for at least 70% of the sampling period.
Data are presented on the spatial distribution of smoking
episodes and ADHD symptoms on a subset of the sample to
demonstrate applications of GPS data. CONCLUSIONS: We
conclude by discussing how EMA and GPS might be used to
study the ecology of smoking and make recommendations for
future research and analysis.},
Doi = {10.1080/15504263.2013.866841},
Key = {fds274007}
}
@article{fds274009,
Author = {Weisler, RH and Adler, LA and Kollins, SH and Goodman, DW and Hamdani,
M and Dirks, B and Childress, AC},
Title = {Analysis of individual items on the attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder symptom rating scale in children and adults: the
effects of age and sex in pivotal trials of lisdexamfetamine
dimesylate.},
Journal = {Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {1-12},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {1176-6328},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24363557},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
symptom presentation across age and sex has not been fully
elucidated. The present post hoc analyses qualitatively
explored the baseline levels of ADHD symptomatology across
subgroups in two clinical trials of children and adults with
ADHD to elucidate differences in participant presentation.
The response to treatment was examined to determine patterns
of response among items of the ADHD Rating Scale IV.
METHODS: Exploratory post hoc analyses of ADHD Rating Scale
IV item scores were conducted on data from two 4-week
placebo-controlled trials in children (6-12 years) and in
adults (18-55 years) with ADHD. Baseline and endpoint mean
item scores were determined for subgroups defined by age
(6-9, 10-12, 18-39, and 40-55 years) and sex. RESULTS: The
baseline mean item scores were generally numerically similar
for all age-by-sex subgroups. The inattention (IA) items
were numerically higher than hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I)
items among older children and adults. The endpoint mean
item scores were numerically lower after lisdexamfetamine
dimesylate treatment for IA and H/I items in all subgroups.
CONCLUSION: These results suggest that regardless of age or
sex, baseline IA and H/I symptom profiles were comparable;
however, IA vs H/I symptoms were more severe in older
participants. In all age-by-sex subgroups, IA and H/I
symptoms appeared to decrease after active
treatment.},
Doi = {10.2147/NDT.S47087},
Key = {fds274009}
}
@article{fds274013,
Author = {Lee, C-T and Fuemmeler, BF and McClernon, FJ and Ashley-Koch, A and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Nicotinic receptor gene variants interact with attention
deficient hyperactive disorder symptoms to predict smoking
trajectories from early adolescence to adulthood.},
Journal = {Addict Behav},
Volume = {38},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2683-2689},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23899432},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) of the CHRNB3 (rs13280604) and CHRNA6
(rs892413) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) genes
and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) in predicting smoking patterns from early adolescence
to adulthood. METHOD: A longitudinal cohort of 1137
unrelated youths from the National Longitudinal Study of
Adolescent Health provided responses to four surveys from
Waves I to IV, and a genetic sample in Wave III. Growth
mixture modeling was used to identify smoking patterns and
to assess the effects of the two SNPs and ADHD symptoms on
cigarette use over time. RESULTS: There were significant
main effects of ADHD symptoms and CHRNA6 variants in
predicting the number of cigarettes smoked and the pattern
of use over time, respectively. There were no main effects
of the CHRNB3 variants. However, a significant CHRNB3
variant×ADHD symptom interaction was observed, such that
individuals with elevated ADHD symptoms and a particular
CHRNB3 variant were at increased risk of cigarette use over
time. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that a SNP in
a nicotinic receptor gene may interact with ADHD symptoms to
link with increased cigarette use across adolescence and
young adulthood. Unique associations between specific
variants and patterns of ADHD symptoms were identified which
may be useful for targeting prevention efforts to
individuals at greatest risk for cigarette
smoking.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.06.013},
Key = {fds274013}
}
@article{fds274014,
Author = {Lee, C-T and McClernon, FJ and Kollins, SH and Prybol, K and Fuemmeler,
BF},
Title = {Childhood economic strains in predicting substance use in
emerging adulthood: mediation effects of youth self-control
and parenting practices.},
Journal = {Journal of Pediatric Psychology},
Volume = {38},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1130-1143},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23899658},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of childhood economic
strains on substance use in young adulthood and to assess
the mediating roles of self-control as well as positive
parenting during adolescence in a nationally representative
longitudinal cohort. METHODS: The study included data from
participants (n = 1,285) in the Panel Study of Income
Dynamics, Child Development Supplement, and Transition to
Adult. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the
associations among risk factors during childhood and
adolescence that predicted substance use in early adulthood.
RESULTS: Conditions of economic strains, especially poverty,
during childhood were associated with an increased
likelihood of regular smoking in adulthood, which was
partially mediated by poorer self-control during
adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Self-control is negatively
affected by economic strains and serves as a mediator
between poverty and risk of regular smoking. Additional
research is needed to better understand how economic strains
effect the development of self-control.},
Doi = {10.1093/jpepsy/jst056},
Key = {fds274014}
}
@article{fds274010,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Schoenfelder, E and English, JS and McClernon, FJ and Dew, RE and Lane, SD},
Title = {Methylphenidate does not influence smoking-reinforced
responding or attentional performance in adult smokers with
and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD).},
Journal = {Exp Clin Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {21},
Number = {5},
Pages = {375-384},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24099358},
Abstract = {Individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD) smoke cigarettes at rates higher than the general
population and questions have been raised about how
stimulant drugs-the frontline pharmacological treatment for
ADHD-influence smoking risk and behavior in those with ADHD.
In the present study adult regular smokers with (n = 16) and
without (n = 17) ADHD participated in 3 experimental
sessions in which they completed a Progressive Ratio (PR)
task to measure the relative reinforcing effects of
cigarette smoking and money after oral administration of
placebo and 2 active doses of methylphenidate (10 mg and 40
mg). We also measured attention and inhibitory control via a
Continuous Performance Test (CPT). Methylphenidate had no
effect on smoking-reinforced responding, attention, or
inhibitory control in either group. Attention and inhibitory
control were associated with smoking-reinforced responding,
but unsystematically and only in the non-ADHD group. Several
design features, such as the value of the monetary response
option, the PR schedule, and the potential effects of
smoking on attention and inhibitory control, could have
contributed to the negative findings and are discussed as
such. Although inconsistent with some previous human
laboratory studies of stimulant drugs and smoking, results
are consistent with recent trials of stimulant drugs as
adjuncts for smoking cessation in adult smokers with ADHD.
In general, methylphenidate at mild and moderate doses did
not influence the relative reinforcing effects of cigarette
smoking in adults with and without ADHD.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0033851},
Key = {fds274010}
}
@article{fds274019,
Author = {Fuemmeler, B and Lee, C-T and Ranby, KW and Clark, T and McClernon, FJ and Yang, C and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Individual- and community-level correlates of
cigarette-smoking trajectories from age 13 to 32 in a U.S.
population-based sample.},
Journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
Volume = {132},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {301-308},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23499056},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Characterizing smoking behavior is important for
informing etiologic models and targeting prevention efforts.
This study explored the effects of both individual- and
community-level variables in predicting cigarette use vs.
non-use and level of use among adolescents as they
transition into adulthood. METHODS: Data on 14,779 youths
(53% female) were drawn from the National Longitudinal Study
of Adolescent Health (Add Health); a nationally
representative longitudinal cohort. A cohort sequential
design allowed for examining trajectories of smoking
typologies from age 13 to 32 years. Smoking trajectories
were evaluated by using a zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) latent
growth analysis and latent class growth analysis modeling
approach. RESULTS: Significant relationships emerged between
both individual- and community-level variables and smoking
outcomes. Maternal and peer smoking predicted increases in
smoking over development and were associated with a greater
likelihood of belonging to any of the four identified
smoking groups versus Non-Users. Conduct problems and
depressive symptoms during adolescence were related to
cigarette use versus non-use. State-level prevalence of
adolescent smoking was related to greater cigarette use
during adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Individual- and
community-level variables that distinguish smoking patterns
within the population aid in understanding cigarette use
versus non-use and the quantity of cigarette use into
adulthood. Our findings suggest that efforts to prevent
cigarette use would benefit from attention to both parental
and peer smoking and individual well-being. Future work is
needed to better understand the role of variables in the
context of multiple levels (individual and community-level)
on smoking trajectories.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.02.021},
Key = {fds274019}
}
@article{fds274021,
Author = {Kollins, SH and English, JS and Roley, ME and O'Brien, B and Blair, J and Lane, SD and McClernon, FJ},
Title = {Effects of smoking abstinence on smoking-reinforced
responding, withdrawal, and cognition in adults with and
without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.},
Journal = {Psychopharmacology (Berl)},
Volume = {227},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-30},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23247366},
Abstract = {RATIONALE: Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) have a more difficult time quitting smoking
compared to their non-ADHD peers. Little is known about the
underlying behavioral mechanisms associated with this
increased risk. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to assess the
effects of 24-h smoking abstinence in adult smokers with and
without ADHD on the following outcomes: smoking-reinforced
responding, withdrawal, and cognitive function. METHODS:
Thirty-three (n = 16 with ADHD, 17 without ADHD) adult
smokers (more than or equal to ten cigarettes/day) were
enrolled. Each participant completed two experimental
sessions: one following smoking as usual and one following
biochemically verified 24-h smoking abstinence.
Smoking-reinforced responding measured via a progressive
ratio task, smoking withdrawal measured via questionnaire,
and cognition measured via a continuous performance test
(CPT) were assessed at each session. RESULTS: Smoking
abstinence robustly increased responding for cigarette puffs
in both groups, and ADHD smokers responded more for puffs
regardless of condition. Males in both groups worked more
for cigarette puffs and made more commission errors on the
CPT than females, regardless of condition. Smoking
abstinence also increased ratings of withdrawal symptoms in
both groups and smokers with ADHD, regardless of condition,
reported greater symptoms of arousal, habit withdrawal, and
somatic complaints. Across groups, smoking abstinence
decreased inhibitory control and increased reaction time
variability on the CPT. Abstinence-induced changes in
inhibitory control and negative affect significantly
predicted smoking-reinforced responding across groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Smokers with ADHD reported higher levels of
withdrawal symptoms and worked more for cigarette puffs,
regardless of condition, which could help explain higher
levels of nicotine dependence and poorer cessation outcomes
in this population. Abstinence-induced changes in
smoking-reinforced responding are associated with changes in
inhibitory control and negative affect regardless of ADHD
status, a finding that may lead to novel prevention and
treatment programs.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00213-012-2937-0},
Key = {fds274021}
}
@article{fds274018,
Author = {Riddle, MA and Yershova, K and Lazzaretto, D and Paykina, N and Yenokyan, G and Greenhill, L and Abikoff, H and Vitiello, B and Wigal,
T and McCracken, JT and Kollins, SH and Murray, DW and Wigal, S and Kastelic, E and McGough, JJ and dosReis, S and Bauzó-Rosario, A and Stehli, A and Posner, K},
Title = {The Preschool Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Treatment Study (PATS) 6-year follow-up.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {264-278.e2},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23452683},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical course of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom
severity and diagnosis from ages 3 to 5 up to 9 to 12 years
during a 6-year follow-up after the original Preschool ADHD
Treatment Study (PATS). METHOD: A total of 207 participants
(75% male) from the original PATS, assessed at baseline
(mean age, 4.4 years, when all met criteria for ADHD) and 3
months later (before medication treatment), were
re-evaluated in three follow-up assessment visits (year 3,
mean age 7.4 years; year 4, 8.3 years; and year 6, 10.4
years). Parents and teachers rated symptom severity, and
clinicians established psychiatric diagnoses. Analyses
examined longitudinal changes in symptom severity and ADHD
diagnosis. RESULTS: Parent- and teacher-rated symptom
severity decreased from baseline to year 3 but remained
relatively stable and in the moderate-to-severe clinical
range through year 6. Girls showed generally steeper
decreases in symptom T-scores. At year 6, 89% (160/180) of
remaining participants met ADHD symptom and impairment
diagnostic criteria. Comorbidity of oppositional defiant
disorder and/or conduct disorder was associated with a 30%
higher risk of having an ADHD diagnosis at year 6 in the
multiple logistic model. Medication status during follow-up,
on versus off, did not predict symptom severity change from
year 3 to year 6 after adjustment for other variables.
CONCLUSIONS: ADHD in preschoolers is a relatively stable
diagnosis over a 6-year period. The course is generally
chronic, with high symptom severity and impairment, in very
young children with moderate-to-severe ADHD, despite
treatment with medication. Development of more effective
ADHD intervention strategies is needed for this age
group.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2012.12.007},
Key = {fds274018}
}
@article{fds274015,
Author = {Wang, G-J and Volkow, ND and Wigal, T and Kollins, SH and Newcorn, JH and Telang, F and Logan, J and Jayne, M and Wong, CT and Han, H and Fowler, JS and Zhu, W and Swanson, JM},
Title = {Long-term stimulant treatment affects brain dopamine
transporter level in patients with attention deficit
hyperactive disorder.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e63023},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23696790},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Brain dopamine dysfunction in attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) could explain why
stimulant medications, which increase dopamine signaling,
are therapeutically beneficial. However while the acute
increases in dopamine induced by stimulant medications have
been associated with symptom improvement in ADHD the chronic
effects have not been investigated. METHOD: We used positron
emission tomography and [(11)C]cocaine (dopamine transporter
radioligand) to measure dopamine transporter availability in
the brains of 18 never-medicated adult ADHD subjects prior
to and after 12 months of treatment with methylphenidate and
in 11 controls who were also scanned twice at 12 months
interval but without stimulant medication. Dopamine
transporter availability was quantified as non-displaceable
binding potential using a kinetic model for reversible
ligands. RESULTS: Twelve months of methylphenidate treatment
increased striatal dopamine transporter availability in ADHD
(caudate, putamen and ventral striatum: +24%, p<0.01);
whereas there were no changes in control subjects retested
at 12-month interval. Comparisons between controls and ADHD
participants revealed no significant difference in dopamine
transporter availability prior to treatment but showed
higher dopamine transporter availability in ADHD
participants than control after long-term treatment
(caudate: p<0.007; putamen: p<0.005). CONCLUSION:
Upregulation of dopamine transporter availability during
long-term treatment with methylphenidate may decrease
treatment efficacy and exacerbate symptoms while not under
the effects of the medication. Our findings also suggest
that the discrepancies in the literature regarding dopamine
transporter availability in ADHD participants (some studies
reporting increases, other no changes and other decreases)
may reflect, in part, differences in treatment
histories.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0063023},
Key = {fds274015}
}
@article{fds274036,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Robertson, CD and Anastopolous, AD and Nelson-Gray,
RO and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Emotion dysregulation and emotional impulsivity among adults
with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Results of a
preliminary study},
Journal = {Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral
Assessment},
Volume = {34},
Number = {4},
Pages = {510-519},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0882-2689},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10862-012-9297-2},
Abstract = {Recent reviews argue that emotion dysregulation is an
important feature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) and involves a failure to inhibit negative
emotions that leads to negative affectively-driven impulsive
behavior (i.e., emotional impulsivity). The goal of the
current study was to assess (a) whether emotion
dysregulation and emotional impulsivity was higher in a
group of adults diagnosed with ADHD and (b) if the
relationship between core ADHD symptoms (i.e., inattention
and hyperactivityimpulsivity) and emotional impulsivity is
mediated by emotion dysregulation symptoms. A group of
adults with (n0 18) and without (n023) ADHD completed
measures of core ADHD symptoms, emotion dysregulation, and
emotional impulsivity. A series of one-way analyses of
covariance indicated significant between-group differences
in emotion dysregulation and emotional impulsivity when
current depression and oppositional defiant disorder ratings
were covaried. In addition, the relationship between ADHD
symptoms and emotional impulsivity was mediated by emotion
dysregulation symptoms. These findings suggest that emotion
dysregulation and emotional impulsivity are higher in adults
diagnosed with ADHD and that emotion dysregulation symptoms
have predictive value beyond core ADHD symptoms. © Springer
Science+Business Media, LLC 2012.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10862-012-9297-2},
Key = {fds274036}
}
@article{fds274043,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Van Voorhees and EE and Dennis, MF and McClernon, FJ and Calhoun, PS and Kollins, SH and Beckham, JC},
Title = {Assessing the role of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder symptoms in smokers with and without posttraumatic
stress disorder.},
Journal = {Nicotine Tob Res},
Volume = {14},
Number = {8},
Pages = {986-992},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22180583},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Smoking prevalence among individuals with
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is elevated relative to
non-PTSD smokers, and there is evidence to suggest that
affect regulation may be a motivation for smoking among
those with this disorder. Previous studies have also
indicated that (a) PTSD is frequently comorbid with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), (b)
individuals with ADHD smoke at significantly higher rates
than the general population, (c) subclinical ADHD symptoms
are a risk factor for smoking, and (d) affect regulation is
a motivation for smoking in ADHD. The goal of this study was
to assess the degree to which ADHD symptoms were uniquely
associated with smoking-related affective functioning (SRAF)
variables above and beyond the variance already explained by
PTSD symptoms. METHODS: Smokers with (n = 55) and without
PTSD (n = 68) completed measures assessing PTSD symptoms,
ADHD symptoms, and SRAF. RESULTS: The PTSD group endorsed
significantly more severe levels of DSM-IV inattentive and
hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms. A series of
hierarchical regressions among the entire sample indicated
that, after accounting for PTSD symptoms, ADHD symptoms were
associated with lower positive affect, higher negative
affect, higher emotion dysregulation, higher anxiety
sensitivity, and higher urges to smoke to increase positive
affect. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these findings suggest
that ADHD symptoms may increase affective dysregulation
difficulties already faced by smokers, particularly those
with PTSD, which may, in turn, confer increased risk for
smoking relapse in those with higher levels of
symptomatology of both disorders.},
Doi = {10.1093/ntr/ntr245},
Key = {fds274043}
}
@article{fds274041,
Author = {Davis, NO and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Treatment for co-occurring attention deficit/hyperactivity
disorder and autism spectrum disorder.},
Journal = {Neurotherapeutics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {518-530},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22678458},
Abstract = {Interest in the co-occurrence of attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum
disorder (ASD) has grown in the last decade. Research on
clinical populations supports the frequent co-occurrence of
ADHD traits (e.g., hyperactivity) in individuals with ASD
and ASD traits (e.g., social communication deficits) in
individuals with ADHD. Similar trends in co-occurring traits
have been observed in population-based samples, as well as
family and genetic studies of affected individuals. Despite
increased interest in co-occurring ADHD and ASD, relatively
little research has been devoted to treatment
considerations. The vast majority of intervention research
has examined pharmacological treatment using traditional
ADHD medications. Relatively few psychosocial interventions
have directly addressed co-occurring symptoms. Treatment
development will benefit from enhanced understanding of the
phenomenon of co-occurring ADHD and ASD. Key topics for
future research include examining developmental trajectories
of co-occurring disorders, comorbid psychiatric conditions,
deficits in social skills, and the nature of executive
functioning impairment in individuals with co-occurring ADHD
and ASD. In the current review, research in these areas is
reviewed along with recommendation for future study. Given
that clinicians are routinely observing and treating
individuals with co-occurring symptoms, further research
will yield needed information to inform intervention
development and maximize benefits for affected
individuals.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13311-012-0126-9},
Key = {fds274041}
}
@article{fds274038,
Author = {Sallee, FR and Kollins, SH and Wigal, TL},
Title = {Efficacy of guanfacine extended release in the treatment of
combined and inattentive only subtypes of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {206-214},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22612526},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Extended-release guanfacine (GXR) is approved
for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years.
This post-hoc analysis further examines the effects of GXR
on hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattentiveness. METHOD:
Data from two large double-blind placebo-controlled pivotal
trials of GXR in the treatment of ADHD were analyzed. Using
the pooled population to provide sufficient sample size and
associated statistical power, the impact of GXR treatment on
core ADHD symptoms was examined by comparing ADHD Rating
Scale IV (ADHD-RS-IV) total scores in the overall GXR and
placebo groups in subjects with each of the three ADHD
subtypes. ADHD-RS-IV Hyperactivity-Impulsivity and
Inattentiveness subscale scores in the overall study
population by randomized dose group (vs. placebo) were also
examined. RESULTS: The full analysis set included 631
subjects aged 6-17 years (GXR: n=490; placebo: n=141). Among
subjects with the predominantly inattentive subtype of ADHD,
differences in least squares (LS) mean reductions from
baseline in ADHD-RS-IV total scores were significantly
greater in GXR-treated subjects (n=127) than in
placebo-treated subjects (n=38) at treatment weeks 3 through
5 and end point (p≤0.020). Among subjects with combined
type ADHD, differences in LS mean ADHD-RS-IV total score
reductions from baseline were significantly greater in the
GXR group (n=354) than in the placebo group (n=100) at
treatment weeks 1 through 5 and end point (p≤0.011). The
dearth of predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type subjects
(n=12) precluded analysis of this subgroup. Each randomized
GXR dose group in each trial demonstrated significantly
greater reductions from baseline in ADHD-RS-IV
Hyperactivity-Impulsivity and Inattentiveness subscale
scores than did the respective placebo group at end point
(p≤0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: The results support the use
of GXR in the treatment of core ADHD symptoms as defined in
the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed., Text
Revision, including hyperactivity, impulsivity, and
inattention.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2010.0135},
Key = {fds274038}
}
@article{fds274042,
Author = {Van Voorhees and EE and Mitchell, JT and McClernon, FJ and Beckham, JC and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Sex, ADHD symptoms, and smoking outcomes: an integrative
model.},
Journal = {Med Hypotheses},
Volume = {78},
Number = {5},
Pages = {585-593},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22341778},
Abstract = {Both females and individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD) have been found to be at increased risk for
a range of smoking outcomes, and recent empirical findings
have suggested that women with ADHD may be particularly
vulnerable to nicotine dependence. On a neurobiological
level, the dopamine reward processing system may be
implicated in the potentially unique interaction of nicotine
with sex and with ADHD status. Specifically, nicotine
appears to mitigate core ADHD symptoms through interaction
with the dopamine reward processing system, and ovarian
hormones have been found to interact with nicotine within
the dopamine reward processing system to affect
neurotransmitter release and functioning. This article
synthesizes data from research examining smoking in women
and in individuals with ADHD to build an integrative model
through which unique risk for cigarette smoking in women
with ADHD can be systematically explored. Based upon this
model, the following hypotheses are proposed at the
intersection of each of the three variables of sex, ADHD,
and smoking: (1) individuals with ADHD have altered
functioning of the dopamine reward system, which diminishes
their ability to efficiently form conditioned associations
based on environmental contingencies; these deficits are
partially ameliorated by nicotine; (2) nicotine interacts
with estrogen and the dopamine reward system to increase the
positive and negative reinforcement value of smoking in
female smokers; (3) in adult females with ADHD, ovarian
hormones interact with the dopamine reward system to
exacerbate ADHD-related deficits in the capacity to form
conditioned associations; and (4) during different phases of
the menstrual cycle, nicotine and ovarian hormones may
interact differentially with the dopamine reward processing
system to affect the type and value of reinforcement smoking
provides for women with ADHD. Understanding the
bio-behavioral mechanisms underlying cigarette addiction in
specific populations will be critical to developing
effectively tailored smoking prevention and cessation
programs for these groups. Overall, the goal of this paper
is to examine the interaction of sex, smoking, and ADHD
status within the context of the dopamine reward processing
system not only to elucidate potential mechanisms specific
to female smokers with ADHD, but also to stimulate
consideration of how the examination of such individual
differences can inform our understanding of smoking more
broadly.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mehy.2012.01.034},
Key = {fds274042}
}
@article{fds340613,
Author = {Fuemmeler, B and Lee, C-T and Ranby, KW and Stroo, M and Yang, C and Clark,
K and Boynton, MH and Clark, T and McClernon, J and Kollins,
S},
Title = {COMMUNITY AND INDIVIDUAL LEVEL SOCIAL CORRELATES OF SMOKING
TRAJECTORIES FROM ADOLESCENCE TO ADULTHOOD},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {S210-S210},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds340613}
}
@article{fds274040,
Author = {Van Voorhees and E and McClernon, FJ and Fuemmeler, B and English, J and Holdaway, A and Hallyburton, M and Dew, R and Kollins,
S},
Title = {An examination of differences in variables maintaining
smoking behavior in adult smokers with and without
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder},
Journal = {Addiction Research & Theory},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {72-81},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1606-6359},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/16066359.2011.564692},
Abstract = {Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) smoke cigarettes at higher rates and have greater
difficulty quitting than their non-diagnosed peers. This
study examined differences between smokers with and without
ADHD on a range of smoking-related variables. Twenty-two
subjects with ADHD and 22 controls completed self-report
measures of withdrawal symptoms, smoking motivation, sensory
experience of smoking, and positive and negative affect.
Compared to control smokers, smokers with ADHD reported
greater craving and negative affect; perceived smoking as
providing greater enhancement of concentration and
alertness, as more calming, and as providing a greater
decrease in irritability; found cigarette puffs to be more
enjoyable and satisfying; and rated smoking as providing
greater positive and negative reinforcement and greater
cognitive enhancement. Women with ADHD reported the greatest
effects of smoking on improving concentration and reducing
irritability. Findings support the hypothesis that smokers
with ADHD may experience smoking differently than smokers
without the disorder, and that they may identify different
motivations for smoking.},
Doi = {10.3109/16066359.2011.564692},
Key = {fds274040}
}
@article{fds274044,
Author = {Bidwell, LC and Garrett, ME and McClernon, FJ and Fuemmeler, BF and Williams, RB and Ashley-Koch, AE and Kollins, SH},
Title = {A preliminary analysis of interactions between genotype,
retrospective ADHD symptoms, and initial reactions to
smoking in a sample of young adults.},
Journal = {Nicotine Tob Res},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {229-233},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21778150},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Initial reactions to cigarettes predict later
regular smoking. Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) have also been shown to increase smoking
risk and may moderate the relationship between genotype and
smoking. We conducted an exploratory study to assess whether
ADHD symptoms interact with genetic variation to predict
self-reported initial reactions to smoking. METHODS:
Participants were a subsample of 1,900 unrelated individuals
with genotype data drawn from the National Longitudinal
Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), a nationally
representative sample of adolescents followed from 1995 to
2002. Linear regression was used to examine relationships
among self-reported ADHD symptoms, genotype, and
self-reported initial reactions to cigarettes (index scores
reflecting pleasant and unpleasant reactions). RESULTS:
Polymorphisms in the DRD2 gene, SLC6A4 gene, and among
males, the MAOA gene interacted with retrospective reports
of ADHD symptoms in predicting pleasant initial reaction to
cigarettes. Polymorphisms in the CYP2A6 gene and, among
females, the MAOA gene interacted with retrospective reports
of ADHD symptoms in predicting unpleasant initial reaction
to cigarettes. No main effect for any of these polymorphisms
was observed nor were any interactions with DRD4 and DAT
genes. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that genotypes
associated with monoamine neurotransmission interact with
ADHD symptoms to influence initial reactions to cigarette
smoking. Given that an initial pleasant reaction to
cigarettes increases risk for lifetime smoking, these
results add to a growing body of literature that suggests
that ADHD symptoms increase risk for smoking and should be
accounted for in genetic studies of smoking.},
Doi = {10.1093/ntr/ntr125},
Key = {fds274044}
}
@misc{fds274094,
Author = {Faraone, SV and Spencer, TJ and Kollins, SH and Glatt, SJ and Goodman,
D},
Title = {Dose response effects of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate
treatment in adults with ADHD: an exploratory
study.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {118-127},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1557-1246},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21527575},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To explore dose-response effects of
lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) treatment for ADHD.
METHOD: This was a 4-week, randomized, double-blinded,
placebo-controlled, parallel-group, forced-dose titration
study in adult participants, aged 18 to 55 years, meeting
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th
ed., text rev.) criteria for ADHD. RESULTS: Nearly all
participants assigned to an LDX dose achieved their assigned
dose with the exception of about 4% of participants assigned
to the 50 mg or 14% assigned to the 70 mg doses. Higher
doses of LDX led to greater improvements in ADHD-rating
scale scores, independent of prior pharmacotherapy. This was
evident for both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive
symptoms. The authors found some evidence for an interaction
between LDX dose and baseline severity of ADHD symptoms.
CONCLUSION: For LDX doses between 30 and 70 mg/d, the
dose-response efficacy effect for LDX is not affected by
prior pharmacotherapy, but patients with a greater severity
of illness may benefit more from higher doses, especially
for hyperactive-impulsive symptoms. The results do not
provide information about doses above 70 mg/d, which is the
maximum approved dose of LDX and the highest dose studied in
ADHD clinical trials.},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054711403716},
Key = {fds274094}
}
@article{fds274037,
Author = {Volkow, ND and Wang, G-J and Tomasi, D and Kollins, SH and Wigal, TL and Newcorn, JH and Telang, FW and Fowler, JS and Logan, J and Wong, CT and Swanson, JM},
Title = {Methylphenidate-elicited dopamine increases in ventral
striatum are associated with long-term symptom improvement
in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder.},
Journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
Volume = {32},
Number = {3},
Pages = {841-849},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22262882},
Abstract = {Stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate, which are
effective treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD), enhance brain dopamine signaling. However,
the relationship between regional brain dopamine enhancement
and treatment response has not been evaluated. Here, we
assessed whether the dopamine increases elicited by
methylphenidate are associated with long-term clinical
response. We used a prospective design to study 20
treatment-naive adults with ADHD who were evaluated before
treatment initiation and after 12 months of clinical
treatment with a titrated regimen of oral methylphenidate.
Methylphenidate-induced dopamine changes were evaluated with
positron emission tomography and [(11)C]raclopride
(D(2)/D(3) receptor radioligand sensitive to competition
with endogenous dopamine). Clinical responses were assessed
using the Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale and revealed a
significant reduction in symptoms of inattention and
hyperactivity with long-term methylphenidate treatment. A
challenge dose of 0.5 mg/kg intravenous methylphenidate
significantly increased dopamine in striatum (assessed as
decreases in D(2)/D(3) receptor availability). In the
ventral striatum, these dopamine increases were associated
with the reductions in ratings of symptoms of inattention
with clinical treatment. Statistical parametric mapping
additionally showed dopamine increases in prefrontal and
temporal cortices with intravenous methylphenidate that were
also associated with decreases in symptoms of inattention.
Our findings indicate that dopamine enhancement in ventral
striatum (the brain region involved with reward and
motivation) was associated with therapeutic response to
methylphenidate, further corroborating the relevance of the
dopamine reward/motivation circuitry in ADHD. It also
provides preliminary evidence that methylphenidate-elicited
dopamine increases in prefrontal and temporal cortices may
also contribute to the clinical response.},
Doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4461-11.2012},
Key = {fds274037}
}
@article{fds274039,
Author = {Ranby, KW and Boynton, MH and Kollins, SH and McClernon, FJ and Yang, C and Fuemmeler, BF},
Title = {Understanding the phenotypic structure of adult
retrospective ADHD symptoms during childhood in the United
States.},
Journal = {J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3},
Pages = {261-274},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22394329},
Abstract = {Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly
heterogeneous disorder, and the phenotypic structure
comprising inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive type
symptoms has been the focus of a growing body of recent
research. Methodological studies are needed to better
characterize phenotypes to advance research as well as
clinical practice. A large U.S. population-based sample of
young adults (N = 14,307, aged 17-28 years, 52.8% female)
retrospectively reported their experiences of childhood ADHD
symptoms. Factor analysis, latent class analysis, and factor
mixture modeling of ADHD symptoms were compared to determine
which underlying structure best fit the data. Fit statistics
as well as substantive criteria compared models within and
across model subtypes. Analyses supported a two-factor
two-class structure for both male and female subjects. The
two latent factors represented inattentive and
hyperactive-impulsive symptom dimensions. The two latent
classes divided people into a smaller affected class and a
larger unaffected class. Individuals who reported having
been diagnosed with ADHD were more likely to be in the
affected class (OR male subjects = 4.03, 95% CI [2.65,
6.13]; OR female subjects = 5.65, 95% CI [3.15, 10.10]).
This work aids in the understanding of ADHD symptomatology
within the population; a majority of people experience very
low symptom severity, whereas a minority of people
experience high symptom severity. Within this high symptom
group, however, variability in symptom experiences exists.
Empirical models can be helpful in clarifying ADHD
phenotypic structure that has the potential to advance
research on the etiology and consequences of ADHD
symptoms.},
Doi = {10.1080/15374416.2012.654465},
Key = {fds274039}
}
@article{fds274051,
Author = {Volkow, ND and Wang, G-J and Newcorn, JH and Kollins, SH and Wigal, TL and Telang, F and Fowler, JS and Goldstein, RZ and Klein, N and Logan, J and Wong, C and Swanson, JM},
Title = {Motivation deficit in ADHD is associated with dysfunction of
the dopamine reward pathway.},
Journal = {Mol Psychiatry},
Volume = {16},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1147-1154},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1476-5578},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20856250},
Keywords = {Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
• Carbon Radioisotopes • Cocaine • Dopamine
• Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins •
Dopaminergic Neurons • Female • Humans • Male
• Mesencephalon • Motivation • Nucleus
Accumbens • Personality Inventory •
Positron-Emission Tomography • Raclopride •
Radiopharmaceuticals • Receptors, Dopamine D2 •
Receptors, Dopamine D3 • Reward* • analysis •
chemistry • diagnostic use • physiology* •
physiopathology* • radionuclide imaging},
Abstract = {Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is typically
characterized as a disorder of inattention and
hyperactivity/impulsivity but there is increasing evidence
of deficits in motivation. Using positron emission
tomography (PET), we showed decreased function in the brain
dopamine reward pathway in adults with ADHD, which, we
hypothesized, could underlie the motivation deficits in this
disorder. To evaluate this hypothesis, we performed
secondary analyses to assess the correlation between the PET
measures of dopamine D2/D3 receptor and dopamine transporter
availability (obtained with [(11)C]raclopride and
[(11)C]cocaine, respectively) in the dopamine reward pathway
(midbrain and nucleus accumbens) and a surrogate measure of
trait motivation (assessed using the Achievement scale on
the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire or MPQ) in 45
ADHD participants and 41 controls. The Achievement scale was
lower in ADHD participants than in controls (11±5 vs 14±3,
P<0.001) and was significantly correlated with D2/D3
receptors (accumbens: r=0.39, P<0.008; midbrain: r=0.41,
P<0.005) and transporters (accumbens: r=0.35, P<0.02) in
ADHD participants, but not in controls. ADHD participants
also had lower values in the Constraint factor and higher
values in the Negative Emotionality factor of the MPQ but
did not differ in the Positive Emotionality factor-and none
of these were correlated with the dopamine measures. In ADHD
participants, scores in the Achievement scale were also
negatively correlated with symptoms of inattention (CAARS A,
E and SWAN I). These findings provide evidence that
disruption of the dopamine reward pathway is associated with
motivation deficits in ADHD adults, which may contribute to
attention deficits and supports the use of therapeutic
interventions to enhance motivation in ADHD.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1038/mp.2010.97},
Key = {fds274051}
}
@article{fds274065,
Author = {Anastopoulos, AD and Smith, TF and Garrett, ME and Morrissey-Kane, E and Schatz, NK and Sommer, JL and Kollins, SH and Ashley-Koch,
A},
Title = {Self-Regulation of Emotion, Functional Impairment, and
Comorbidity Among ChildrenWith AD/HD.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {15},
Number = {7},
Pages = {583-592},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20686097},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the role of
self-regulation of emotion in relation to functional
impairment and comorbidity among children with and without
AD/HD. METHOD: A total of 358 probands and their siblings
participated in the study, with 74% of the sample
participants affected by AD/HD. Parent-rated levels of
emotional lability served as a marker for self-regulation of
emotion. RESULTS: Nearly half of the children affected by
AD/HD displayed significantly elevated levels of emotional
lability versus 15% of those without this disorder. Children
with AD/HD also displayed significantly higher rates of
functional impairment, comorbidity, and treatment service
utilization. Emotional lability partially mediated the
association between AD/HD status and these outcomes.
CONCLUSION: Findings lent support to the notion that
deficits in the self-regulation of emotion are evident in a
substantial number of children with AD/HD and that these
deficits play an important role in determining functional
impairment and comorbidity outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054710370567},
Key = {fds274065}
}
@article{fds274090,
Author = {McClernon, FJ and Van Voorhees and EE and English, J and Hallyburton, M and Holdaway, A and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Smoking withdrawal symptoms are more severe among smokers
with ADHD and independent of ADHD symptom change: results
from a 12-day contingency-managed abstinence
trial.},
Journal = {Nicotine Tob Res},
Volume = {13},
Number = {9},
Pages = {784-792},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1469-994X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21571687},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder
with Hyperactivity • Female • Humans • Male
• Middle Aged • North Carolina • Sex Factors
• Smoking • Smoking Cessation • Substance
Withdrawal Syndrome • Tobacco Use Disorder • Young
Adult • physiopathology • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Smokers with attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) have greater difficulty quitting than those
without ADHD, but preliminary data (McClernon, Kollins,
Lutz, Fitzgerald, Murray, Redman, et al., 2008) suggest
equivalent severity of withdrawal symptoms following brief
abstinence. The objective of this study was to characterize
the differential effects of intermediate term smoking
abstinence on self-reported withdrawal and ADHD symptoms in
adult smokers with and without ADHD. METHODS: Forty adult
(50% female), nontreatment seeking moderate-to-heavy smokers
with and without ADHD were enrolled in a 12-day quit study
in which monetary incentives were provided for maintaining
biologically verified abstinence. Self-reported withdrawal,
mood, and ADHD symptoms were measured pre- and
post-quitting. RESULTS: ADHD and controls did not vary on
smoking or demographic variables. Significant Group ×
Session interactions were observed across a broad range of
withdrawal symptoms and were generally characterized by
greater withdrawal severity among ADHD smokers, particularly
during the first 5 days of abstinence. In addition, Group ×
Sex × Session interactions were observed for craving,
somatic symptoms, negative affect, and habit withdrawal;
these interactions were driven by greater withdrawal
severity among females with ADHD. Group × Session
interactions were not observed for ADHD symptom scales.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that smokers
with ADHD, and ADHD females in particular, experience
greater withdrawal severity during early
abstinence-independent of effects on ADHD symptoms. Whereas
additional research is needed to pinpoint mechanisms, our
findings suggest that smoking cessation interventions
targeted at smokers with ADHD should address their more
severe withdrawal symptoms following quitting.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1093/ntr/ntr073},
Key = {fds274090}
}
@article{fds274062,
Author = {Bidwell, LC and McClernon, FJ and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Cognitive enhancers for the treatment of
ADHD.},
Journal = {Pharmacol Biochem Behav},
Volume = {99},
Number = {2},
Pages = {262-274},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1873-5177},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21596055},
Abstract = {Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is
associated with multiple cognition-related phenotypic
features in both children and adults. This review aims to
clarify the role of cognition in ADHD and how prevailing
treatments, which are often highly effective at reducing the
clinical symptoms of the disorder, fare in modulating
ADHD-related cognitive processes. First, we consider how the
broad construct of cognition can be conceptualized in the
context of ADHD. Second, we review the available evidence
for how a range of both pharmacological and
non-pharmacological interventions have fared with respect to
enhancing cognition in individuals affected by this
pervasive disorder. Findings from the literature suggest
that the effects across a broad range of pharmacological and
non-pharmacological interventions on the characteristic
symptoms of ADHD can be distinguished from their effects on
cognitive impairments. As such the direct clinical relevance
of cognition enhancing effects of different interventions is
somewhat limited. Recommendations for future research are
discussed, including the identification of cognition-related
endophenotypes, the refinement of the ADHD clinical
phenotype, and studying the difference between acute and
chronic treatment regimens.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pbb.2011.05.002},
Key = {fds274062}
}
@article{fds274048,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Jain, R and Brams, M and Segal, S and Findling, RL and Wigal, SB and Khayrallah, M},
Title = {Clonidine extended-release tablets as add-on therapy to
psychostimulants in children and adolescents with
ADHD.},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {127},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e1406-e1413},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1098-4275},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21555501},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adolescent Behavior • Adrenergic
alpha-2 Receptor Agonists • Amphetamine •
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Central
Nervous System Stimulants • Child • Child Behavior
• Clonidine • Delayed-Action Preparations •
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug • Double-Blind Method
• Drug Therapy, Combination • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • Humans • Male •
Methylphenidate • Retrospective Studies •
Treatment Outcome • administration & dosage •
administration & dosage* • drug effects* • drug
therapy* • psychology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of clonidine
hydrochloride extended-release tablets (CLON-XR) combined
with stimulants (ie, methylphenidate or amphetamine) for
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). PATIENTS
AND METHODS: In this phase 3, double-blind,
placebo-controlled trial, children and adolescents with
hyperactive- or combined-subtype ADHD who had an inadequate
response to their stable stimulant regimen were randomized
to receive CLON-XR or placebo in combination with their
baseline stimulant medication. Predefined efficacy measures
evaluated change from baseline to week 5. Safety was
assessed by spontaneously reported adverse events, vital
signs, electrocardiogram recordings, and clinical laboratory
values. Improvement from baseline for all efficacy measures
was evaluated using analysis of covariance. RESULTS: Of 198
patients randomized, 102 received CLON-XR plus stimulant and
96 received placebo plus stimulant. At week 5, greater
improvement from baseline in ADHD Rating Scale IV
(ADHD-RS-IV) total score (95% confidence interval: -7.83 to
-1.13; P = .009), ADHD-RS-IV hyperactivity and inattention
subscale scores (P = .014 and P = .017, respectively),
Conners' Parent Rating Scale scores (P < .062), Clinical
Global Impression of Severity (P = .021), Clinical Global
Impression of Improvement (P = .006), and Parent Global
Assessment (P = .001) was observed in the CLON-XR plus
stimulant group versus the placebo plus stimulant group.
Adverse events and changes in vital signs in the CLON-XR
group were generally mild. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this
study suggest that CLON-XR in combination with stimulants is
useful in reducing ADHD in children and adolescents with
partial response to stimulants.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1542/peds.2010-1260},
Key = {fds274048}
}
@article{fds274088,
Author = {Fuemmeler, BF and Østbye, T and Yang, C and McClernon, FJ and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {Association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
symptoms and obesity and hypertension in early adulthood: a
population-based study.},
Journal = {Int J Obes (Lond)},
Volume = {35},
Number = {6},
Pages = {852-862},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1476-5497},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20975727},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Age Factors • Attention
Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Body Mass Index
• Female • Humans • Hypertension •
Longitudinal Studies • Male • Obesity • Odds
Ratio • Prevalence • Risk Factors • United
States • Young Adult • complications* •
epidemiology • etiology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms,
obesity and hypertension in young adults in a large
population-based cohort. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:
The study population consisted of 15,197 respondents from
the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a
nationally representative sample of adolescents followed
from 1995 to 2009 in the United States. Multinomial logistic
and logistic models examined the odds of overweight, obesity
and hypertension in adulthood in relation to retrospectively
reported ADHD symptoms. Latent curve modeling was used to
assess the association between symptoms and naturally
occurring changes in body mass index (BMI) from adolescence
to adulthood. RESULTS: Linear association was identified
between the number of inattentive (IN) and
hyperactive/impulsive (HI) symptoms and waist circumference,
BMI, diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure
(all P-values for trend <0.05). Controlling for demographic
variables, physical activity, alcohol use, smoking and
depressive symptoms, those with three or more HI or IN
symptoms had the highest odds of obesity (HI 3+, odds ratio
(OR)=1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.22-2.83; IN 3+,
OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.02-1.44) compared with those with no
HI or IN symptoms. HI symptoms at the 3+ level were
significantly associated with a higher OR of hypertension
(HI 3+, OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.01-1.51; HI continuous, OR =
1.04, 95% CI = 1.00-1.09), but associations were
nonsignificant when models were adjusted for BMI. Latent
growth modeling results indicated that compared with those
reporting no HI or IN symptoms, those reporting 3 or more
symptoms had higher initial levels of BMI during
adolescence. Only HI symptoms were associated with change in
BMI. CONCLUSION: Self-reported ADHD symptoms were associated
with adult BMI and change in BMI from adolescence to
adulthood, providing further evidence of a link between ADHD
symptoms and obesity.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1038/ijo.2010.214},
Key = {fds274088}
}
@article{fds274046,
Author = {Kratochvil, CJ and Vaughan, BS and Stoner, JA and Daughton, JM and Lubberstedt, BD and Murray, DW and Chrisman, AK and Faircloth, MA and Itchon-Ramos, NB and Kollins, SH and Maayan, LA and Greenhill, LL and Kotler, LA and Fried, J and March, JS},
Title = {A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of atomoxetine in
young children with ADHD.},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {127},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e862-e868},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1098-4275},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21422081},
Keywords = {Age Factors • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Child • Child, Preschool • Combined
Modality Therapy • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Double-Blind Method • Education • Female
• Humans • Male • Off-Label Use •
Personality Assessment • Propylamines •
Psychometrics • adverse effects • diagnosis •
drug therapy* • psychology • statistics &
numerical data • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of
atomoxetine for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) in 5- and 6-year-old children. METHODS: This
was an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized
clinical trial of atomoxetine in 101 children with ADHD.
Atomoxetine or placebo was flexibly titrated to a maximum
dose of 1.8 mg/kg per day. The pharmacotherapist reviewed
psychoeducational material on ADHD and behavioral-management
strategies with parents during each study visit. RESULTS:
Significant mean decreases in parent (P = .009) and teacher
(P = .02) ADHD-IV Rating Scale scores were demonstrated with
atomoxetine compared with placebo. A total of 40% of
children treated with atomoxetine met response criteria
(Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale indicating
much or very much improved) compared with 22% of children on
placebo, which was not significant (P = .1). Decreased
appetite, gastrointestinal upset, and sedation were
significantly more common with atomoxetine than placebo.
Although some children demonstrated a robust response to
atomoxetine, for others the response was more attenuated.
Sixty-two percent of subjects who received atomoxetine were
moderately, markedly, or severely ill according to the
Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale at study
completion. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first
randomized controlled trial of atomoxetine in children as
young as 5 years. Atomoxetine generally was well tolerated
and reduced core ADHD symptoms in the children on the basis
of parent and teacher reports. Reductions in the ADHD-IV
Rating Scale scores, however, did not necessarily translate
to overall clinical and functional improvement, as
demonstrated on the Clinical Global Impression-Severity
Scale and the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale.
Despite benefits, the children in the atomoxetine group
remained, on average, significantly impaired at the end of
the study.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1542/peds.2010-0825},
Key = {fds274046}
}
@article{fds274075,
Author = {Kollins, SH and López, FA and Vince, BD and Turnbow, JM and Farrand, K and Lyne, A and Wigal, SB and Roth, T},
Title = {Psychomotor functioning and alertness with guanfacine
extended release in subjects with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder.},
Journal = {J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {111-120},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1557-8992},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21476931},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists
• Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity •
Child • Delayed-Action Preparations • Disorders of
Excessive Somnolence • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Double-Blind Method • Drug Administration
Schedule • Fatigue • Female • Guanfacine
• Humans • Male • Placebos • Psychiatric
Status Rating Scales • Psychomotor Performance •
Treatment Outcome • administration & dosage •
adverse effects • chemically induced • drug
effects* • drug therapy • drug therapy* •
psychology • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To determine whether treatment with guanfacine
extended release (GXR) in subjects with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) disrupted psychomotor functioning and
alertness, or impacted daytime sleepiness. METHOD: This was
a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter,
phase 2, dose-optimization, noninferiority, laboratory
classroom study of GXR (1, 2, and 3 mg/day) in 182
subjects aged 6 to 17 years with ADHD. Psychomotor
functioning and alertness were assessed through several
measures, including the Choice Reaction Time (CRT) test from
the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery.
Sedative effects were examined via spontaneously reported
adverse events of sedation, somnolence, and hypersomnia as
well as fatigue and lethargy, and with two validated
subject- and observer-rated sleepiness scales. Standard
efficacy measures for ADHD also were included.
Cardiovascular and laboratory parameters were assessed.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the
GXR and placebo groups on measures of psychomotor
functioning or alertness from the CRT at endpoint
(least-square mean difference: 2.5 [95% confidence interval
(CI): -22.9, 28.0], p = 0.8 for CRT; 2.5 [95% CI: -21.5,
26.4], p = 0.84 for correct responses; 15.5 [95% CI:
-45.1, 14.1], p = 0.30 for movement time; and -8.2 [95%
CI: -54.1, 37.6] p = 0.72 for total time). Most sedative
adverse events were mild to moderate, occurred during dose
titration, decreased with dose maintenance, and resolved
during the study period. One subject in the GXR group
discontinued due to fatigue and somnolence. GXR was not
associated with increased daytime sleepiness. GXR treatment
was associated with significant improvement in ADHD symptoms
(6.3 [95% CI: 2.7, 9.8], p = 0.001 for ADHD Rating Scale
IV total scores at endpoint). CONCLUSIONS: At doses that
resulted in significant improvement in ADHD symptoms,
impairment on cognitive tasks was not observed. Daytime
sleepiness did not differ with GXR compared with placebo.
Results suggest that the beneficial effects of GXR on ADHD
symptoms are independent of sedation.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2010.0064},
Key = {fds274075}
}
@article{fds274092,
Author = {Van Voorhees and EE and Hardy, KK and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Reliability and validity of self- and other-ratings of
symptoms of ADHD in adults.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {224-234},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1557-1246},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20424007},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aged • Attention Deficit
Disorder with Hyperactivity • Diagnostic Self
Evaluation* • Emotions • Female • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Psychiatric Status
Rating Scales • Reproducibility of Results •
Sensitivity and Specificity • Severity of Illness Index
• diagnosis* • psychology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Few studies have examined concordance between
raters of ADHD symptoms in adults; there is less information
on how well rating scales function in distinguishing adult
ADHD from other disorders. This study examined these
variables using the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales
(CAARS). METHOD: The sample included 349 adults evaluated
for attention problems. Correlations and kappa values were
calculated using self- and observer-ratings of item-level
symptoms; sensitivity, specificity, and discriminant
validity of cluster scores in predicting clinician diagnoses
were computed for 269 participants. RESULTS: Item-level
concordance rates ranged from slight to fair. Cluster scores
demonstrated a poor balance of sensitivity and specificity
in predicting ADHD diagnosis; a high percentage of
participants with internalizing disorders had scores in the
clinical range. CONCLUSION: Self-and observer- ratings on
the CAARS provide clinically relevant data about attention
problems in adults, but the instrument does not effectively
distinguish between ADHD and other adult psychiatric
disorders.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054709356163},
Key = {fds274092}
}
@article{fds274054,
Author = {Rizzi, TS and Arias-Vasquez, A and Rommelse, N and Kuntsi, J and Anney,
R and Asherson, P and Buitelaar, J and Banaschewski, T and Ebstein, R and Ruano, D and Van der Sluis and S and Markunas, CA and Garrett, ME and Ashley-Koch, AE and Kollins, SH and Anastopoulos, AD and Hansell, NK and Wright, MJ and Montgomery, GW and Martin, NG and Harris, SE and Davies,
G and Tenesa, A and Porteous, DJ and Starr, JM and Deary, IJ and St
Pourcain, B and Davey Smith and G and Timpson, NJ and Evans, DM and Gill,
M and Miranda, A and Mulas, F and Oades, RD and Roeyers, H and Rothenberger, A and Sergeant, J and Sonuga-Barke, E and Steinhausen,
HC and Taylor, E and Faraone, SV and Franke, B and Posthuma,
D},
Title = {The ATXN1 and TRIM31 genes are related to intelligence in an
ADHD background: evidence from a large collaborative study
totaling 4,963 subjects.},
Journal = {Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet},
Volume = {156},
Number = {2},
Pages = {145-157},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1552-485X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21302343},
Keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Cohort
Studies • European Continental Ancestry Group •
Humans • Intelligence • Meta-Analysis as Topic
• Nerve Tissue Proteins • Nuclear Family •
Nuclear Proteins • Phenotype • Polymorphism,
Single Nucleotide • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases •
genetics • genetics* • psychology •
statistics & numerical data},
Abstract = {Intelligence is a highly heritable trait for which it has
proven difficult to identify the actual genes. In the past
decade, five whole-genome linkage scans have suggested
genomic regions important to human intelligence; however, so
far none of the responsible genes or variants in those
regions have been identified. Apart from these regions, a
handful of candidate genes have been identified, although
most of these are in need of replication. The recent growth
in publicly available data sets that contain both whole
genome association data and a wealth of phenotypic data,
serves as an excellent resource for fine mapping and
candidate gene replication. We used the publicly available
data of 947 families participating in the International
Multi-Centre ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) study to conduct an in
silico fine mapping study of previously associated genomic
locations, and to attempt replication of previously reported
candidate genes for intelligence. Although this sample was
ascertained for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD), intelligence quotient (IQ) scores were distributed
normally. We tested 667 single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs) within 15 previously reported candidate genes for
intelligence and 29451 SNPs in five genomic loci previously
identified through whole genome linkage and association
analyses. Significant SNPs were tested in four independent
samples (4,357 subjects), one ascertained for ADHD, and
three population-based samples. Associations between
intelligence and SNPs in the ATXN1 and TRIM31 genes and in
three genomic locations showed replicated association, but
only in the samples ascertained for ADHD, suggesting that
these genetic variants become particularly relevant to IQ on
the background of a psychiatric disorder.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/ajmg.b.31149},
Key = {fds274054}
}
@article{fds311594,
Author = {Jain, R and Segal, S and Kollins, SH and Khayrallah,
M},
Title = {Corrigendum},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {50},
Number = {3},
Pages = {313-313},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000287783700023&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2011.01.019},
Key = {fds311594}
}
@article{fds274050,
Author = {Bidwell, LC and Dew, RE and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Erratum: alpha-2 adrenergic receptors and
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.},
Journal = {Current Psychiatry Reports},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {76},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1535-1645},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21136308},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s11920-010-0171-1},
Key = {fds274050}
}
@article{fds274059,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Youcha, S and Lasser, R and Thase,
ME},
Title = {Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate for the treatment of attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults with a history of
depression or history of substance use disorder.},
Journal = {Innov Clin Neurosci},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {28-32},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {2158-8341},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21468295},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of
lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in participants with attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder and a history of depression
and/or substance use disorder. History of these
comorbidities was recorded from medical history forms
completed by the study clinicians. DESIGN/SETTING: An
exploratory, post-hoc analysis was conducted using data from
a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, forced-dose
titration study of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate.
PARTICIPANTS: Adults with attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder. MEASUREMENTS: Changes in Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale IV total scores and
Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale were used to
evaluate the efficacy of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate. The
incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was also
evaluated. RESULTS: The intention-to-treat population
included 36 participants with a history of depression and 17
participants with a history of substance use disorder. Mean
changes in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating
Scale IV and Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement from
baseline to endpoint for these subpopulations were similar
to those of participants without a history of depression
and/or history of substance use disorder. Lisdexamfetamine
dimesylate was generally well tolerated in all subgroups.
CONCLUSION: The response to lisdexamfetamine dimesylate and
the treatment-emergent adverse event profiles of
participants with a history of depression and/or a history
of substance use disorder were similar to those of
participants with no history of these disorders. Larger
studies that prospectively enroll participants with
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and these comorbid
disorders are needed to more conclusively evaluate the
safety and efficacy of stimulant treatment in these
populations.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds274059}
}
@article{fds274079,
Author = {Jain, R and Segal, S and Kollins, SH and Khayrallah,
M},
Title = {Clonidine extended-release tablets for pediatric patients
with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {50},
Number = {2},
Pages = {171-179},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1527-5418},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21241954},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists
• Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity •
Child • Clonidine • Delayed-Action Preparations
• Double-Blind Method • Drug Toxicity •
Female • Humans • Male • administration &
dosage* • adverse effects • drug
therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examined the efficacy and safety of
clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets (CLON-XR)
in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). METHOD: This 8-week, placebo-controlled,
fixed-dose trial, including 3 weeks of dose escalation, of
patients 6 to 17 years old with ADHD evaluated the efficacy
and safety of CLON-XR 0.2 mg/day or CLON-XR 0.4 mg/day
versus placebo in three separate treatment arms. Primary
endpoint was mean change in ADHD Rating Scale-IV
(ADHD-RS-IV) total score from baseline to week 5 versus
placebo using a last observation carried forward method.
Secondary endpoints were improvement in ADHD-RS-IV
inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity subscales, Conners
Parent Rating Scale-Revised: Long Form, Clinical Global
Impression of Severity, Clinical Global Impression of
Improvement, and Parent Global Assessment from baseline to
week 5. RESULTS: Patients (N = 236) were randomized to
receive placebo (n = 78), CLON-XR 0.2 mg/day (n = 78), or
CLON-XR 0.4 mg/day (n = 80). Improvement from baseline in
ADHD-RS-IV total score was significantly greater in both
CLON-XR groups versus placebo at week 5. A significant
improvement in ADHD-RS-IV total score occurred between
groups as soon as week 2 and was maintained throughout the
treatment period. In addition, improvement in ADHD-RS-IV
inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity subscales, Conners
Parent Rating Scale-Revised: Long Form, Clinical Global
Impression of Improvement, Clinical Global Impression of
Severity, and Parent Global Assessment, occurred in both
treatment groups versus placebo. The most common
treatment-emergent adverse event was mild-to-moderate
somnolence. Changes on electrocardiogram were minor and
reflected the known pharmacology of clonidine. CONCLUSIONS:
Clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets were
generally well tolerated by patients in the study and
significantly improved ADHD symptoms in this pediatric
population.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2010.11.005},
Key = {fds274079}
}
@article{fds192959,
Author = {TS Rizzi and A Arias-Vasquez and N Rommelse and J Kuntsi and R Anney and P
Asherson, J Buitelaar and T Banaschewski and R Ebstein and D Ruano and S
Van der Sluis and CA Markunas and ME Garrett and AE Ashley-Koch and SH
Kollins, AD Anastopoulos and NK Hansell and MJ Wright and GW
Montgomery, NG Martin and SE Harris and G Davies and A Tenesa and DJ
Porteous, JM Starr and IJ Deary and B St Pourcain and GD Smith and NJ
Timpson, DM Evans and M Gill and A Miranda and F Mulas and RD Oades and H
Roeyers, A Rothenberger and J Sergeant and E Sonuga-Barke and HC
Steinhausen, E Taylor and SV Faraone and B Franke and D
Posthuma},
Title = {The ATXN1 and TRIM31 Genes Are Related to Intelligence in an
ADHD Background: Evidence From a Large Collaborative Study
Totaling 4,963 Subjects.},
Journal = {American journal of medical genetics. Part B,
Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the
International Society of Psychiatric Genetics},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1552-485X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.31149},
Abstract = {Intelligence is a highly heritable trait for which it has
proven difficult to identify the actual genes. In the past
decade, five whole-genome linkage scans have suggested
genomic regions important to human intelligence; however, so
far none of the responsible genes or variants in those
regions have been identified. Apart from these regions, a
handful of candidate genes have been identified, although
most of these are in need of replication. The recent growth
in publicly available data sets that contain both whole
genome association data and a wealth of phenotypic data,
serves as an excellent resource for fine mapping and
candidate gene replication. We used the publicly available
data of 947 families participating in the International
Multi-Centre ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) study to conduct an in
silico fine mapping study of previously associated genomic
locations, and to attempt replication of previously reported
candidate genes for intelligence. Although this sample was
ascertained for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD), intelligence quotient (IQ) scores were distributed
normally. We tested 667 single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs) within 15 previously reported candidate genes for
intelligence and 29451 SNPs in five genomic loci previously
identified through whole genome linkage and association
analyses. Significant SNPs were tested in four independent
samples (4,357 subjects), one ascertained for ADHD, and
three population-based samples. Associations between
intelligence and SNPs in the ATXN1 and TRIM31 genes and in
three genomic locations showed replicated association, but
only in the samples ascertained for ADHD, suggesting that
these genetic variants become particularly relevant to IQ on
the background of a psychiatric disorder. © 2010
Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1002/ajmg.b.31149},
Key = {fds192959}
}
@article{fds274081,
Author = {Wigal, SB and Kollins, SH and Childress, AC and Adeyi,
B},
Title = {Efficacy and tolerability of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in
children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: sex
and age effects and effect size across the
day.},
Journal = {Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental
Health},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {32},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1753-2000},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21156071},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Efficacy and safety profiles by sex and age (6-9
vs 10-12 years) and magnitude and duration of effect by
effect size overall and across the day of lisdexamfetamine
dimesylate (LDX) vs placebo were assessed. METHODS: This
study enrolled children (6-12 years) with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in an
open-label dose optimization with LDX (30-70 mg/d) followed
by a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-way
crossover phase. Post hoc analyses assessed interaction
between sex or age and treatment and assessed effect sizes
for Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn, and Pelham (SKAMP) and
Permanent Product Measure of Performance (PERMP) scales and
ADHD Rating Scale IV measures. No corrections for multiple
testing were applied on time points and subgroup statistical
comparisons. RESULTS: 129 participants enrolled; 117
randomized. Both sexes showed improvement on all assessments
at postdose time points; females showed less impairment than
males for SKAMP and PERMP scores in treatment and placebo
groups at nearly all times. Both age groups improved on all
assessments at postdose time points. Children 10-12 years
had less impairment in SKAMP ratings than those 6-9 years.
Treatment-by-sex interactions were observed at time points
for SKAMP-D, SKAMP total, and PERMP scores; no consistent
pattern across scales or time points was observed. LDX
demonstrated significant improvement vs placebo, by effect
size, on SKAMP-D from 1.5-13 hours postdose. The overall LS
mean (SE) SKAMP-D effect size was -1.73 (0.18). In the
dose-optimization phase, common (≥2%) treatment-emergent
adverse events (TEAEs) in males were upper abdominal pain,
headache, affect lability, initial insomnia, and insomnia;
in females were nausea and decreased weight. During the
crossover phase for those taking LDX, higher incidence
(≥2% greater) was observed in males for upper abdominal
pain and insomnia and in females for nausea and headache.
Overall incidence of TEAEs in age groups was similar.
CONCLUSION: Apparent differences in impairment level between
sex and age groups were noted. However, these results
support the efficacy of LDX from 1.5 hours to 13 hours
postdose in boys and girls with medium to large effect sizes
across the day with some variability in TEAE incidence by
sex. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov
Identifier: NCT00500149.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1186/1753-2000-4-32},
Key = {fds274081}
}
@article{fds274067,
Author = {Dew, RE and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate: a new option in stimulant
treatment for ADHD.},
Journal = {Expert Opin Pharmacother},
Volume = {11},
Number = {17},
Pages = {2907-2913},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1744-7666},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20979573},
Keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Central
Nervous System Stimulants • Dextroamphetamine •
Humans • administration & dosage • adverse effects
• drug therapy* • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Attention deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD), a prevalent disorder in children and
adults, presents a substantial societal burden in both
monetary cost and human suffering. Characterized by
significant difficulties in maintaining attention,
completing tasks, motor control, and appropriate social
engagement, the disorder begins early in life and results in
significant impairment across domains of functioning,
including social, educational, and occupational achievement.
The condition also carries heightened risk of substance use
and dependence, and criminal activity. Pharmacologic
treatment is a key component of ADHD management and has been
found to be cost effective and generally well tolerated.
However, despite increasing options for medication therapy,
community management of ADHD is suboptimal. This review
assesses current research on lisdexamfetamine dimesylate
(LDX), a relatively recent addition to the range of
treatment options. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: This review
summarizes peer-reviewed literature on LDX published 2003 -
2010. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN: The reader will gain
insight into the efficacy and safety of LDX in the treatment
of ADHD, and its place in the clinical armamentarium. TAKE
HOME MESSAGE: LDX is a useful addition to the formulary,
showing similar efficacy and safety profiles to other
stimulants.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1517/14656566.2010.531009},
Key = {fds274067}
}
@article{fds274103,
Author = {Kozink, RV and Kollins, SH and McClernon, FJ},
Title = {Smoking withdrawal modulates right inferior frontal cortex
but not presupplementary motor area activation during
inhibitory control.},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {35},
Number = {13},
Pages = {2600-2606},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1740-634X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20861830},
Keywords = {Adult • Female • Frontal Lobe • Humans •
Inhibition (Psychology)* • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Male • Motor Cortex • Psychomotor
Performance • Reaction Time • Substance Withdrawal
Syndrome • Tobacco Use Disorder • methods •
physiology • physiology* • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {Smokers exhibit decrements in inhibitory control (IC) during
withdrawal. The objective of this study was to investigate
the neural basis of these effects in critical substrates of
IC--right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC) and
presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA). Smokers were scanned
following smoking as usual and after 24-h smoking
abstinence. During scanning they completed a Go/No-Go task
that required inhibiting responses to infrequent STOP
trials. Event-related brain activation in response to
successfully inhibited STOP trials was evaluated in two
regions of interest: rIFC (10 mm sphere, x=40, y=30, z=26)
and pre-SMA (10 mm sphere, x=2, y=18, z=40). Smoking
abstinence robustly increased errors of commission on STOP
trials (37.1 vs 24.8% in the satiated condition, p<0.001)
while having no effects on GO trial accuracy or reaction
time (RT). In rIFC, smoking abstinence was associated with a
significantly increased event-related BOLD signal (p=0.026).
Pre-SMA was unaffected by smoking condition. The results of
this preliminary study suggest that successful IC during
withdrawal is associated with increased processing demands
on a cortical center associated with attention to inhibitory
signals.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1038/npp.2010.154},
Key = {fds274103}
}
@article{fds274082,
Author = {Cinnamon Bidwell and L and Dew, RE and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors and attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder.},
Journal = {Current Psychiatry Reports},
Volume = {12},
Number = {5},
Pages = {366-373},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1535-1645},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20652773},
Keywords = {Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists • Attention
Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Brain •
Humans • Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2 • drug
therapy* • metabolism • metabolism* •
therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {Pharmacologic management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) has expanded beyond stimulant medications to
include alpha-2 adrenergic agonists. These agents exert
their actions through presynaptic stimulation and likely
involve facilitation of dopamine and noradrenaline
neurotransmission, both of which are thought to play
critical roles in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Furthermore,
frontostriatal dysfunction giving rise to neuropsychological
weaknesses has been well-established in patients with ADHD
and may explain how alpha-2 agents exert their beneficial
effects. In the following review, we consider relevant
neurobiological underpinnings of ADHD with respect to why
alpha-2 agents may be effective in treating this condition.
We also review new formulations of alpha-2 agonists,
emerging data on their use in ADHD, and implications for
clinical practice. Integrating knowledge of pathophysiologic
mechanisms and mechanisms of drug action may inform our
medication choices and facilitate treatment of ADHD and
related disorders.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s11920-010-0136-4},
Key = {fds274082}
}
@article{fds274078,
Author = {Connor, DF and Findling, RL and Kollins, SH and Sallee, F and López,
FA and Lyne, A and Tremblay, G},
Title = {Effects of guanfacine extended release on oppositional
symptoms in children aged 6-12 years with attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder and oppositional symptoms: a
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
trial.},
Journal = {Cns Drugs},
Volume = {24},
Number = {9},
Pages = {755-768},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1172-7047},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20806988},
Keywords = {Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists • Attention
Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Attention Deficit
and Disruptive Behavior Disorders • Child •
Delayed-Action Preparations • Dose-Response
Relationship, Drug • Double-Blind Method • Drug
Administration Schedule • Guanfacine • Humans
• adverse effects • drug therapy • drug
therapy* • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of guanfacine
extended release (XR, Intuniv; Shire Development Inc.,
Wayne, PA, USA) in the treatment of oppositional symptoms in
children aged 6-12 years with a diagnosis of
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the
presence of oppositional symptoms. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In
this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled,
multicentre, flexible-dose, dose-optimization study,
children aged 6-12 years were randomized to receive
guanfacine XR (1-4 mg/day) or placebo for 9 weeks. Screening
and washout periods were followed by a 5-week
dose-optimization period, a 3-week dose-maintenance period
and a 1-week tapering period. The primary efficacy measure
was change from baseline to endpoint in the oppositional
subscale of the Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised: Long
Form (CPRS-R:L) score. Change in ADHD Rating Scale IV
(ADHD-RS-IV) total score was a secondary efficacy measure.
Safety assessments included adverse events (AEs), vital
signs, ECG readings and laboratory studies. RESULTS: A total
of 217 children were enrolled: 138 were randomized to
receive guanfacine XR and 79 to receive placebo.
Least-squares mean reductions from baseline to endpoint in
CPRS-R:L oppositional subscale scores were 10.9 in the
guanfacine XR group compared with 6.8 in the placebo group
(p < 0.001; effect size = 0.59). A significantly greater
reduction in ADHD-RS-IV total score from baseline to
endpoint was also seen in the guanfacine-treated group
compared with the placebo group (23.8 vs 11.5, respectively;
p < 0.001; effect size = 0.92). A post hoc correlation
analysis between percentage reduction from baseline to
endpoint in CPRS-R:L oppositional subscale and ADHD-RS-IV
total scores indicated that the decreases in oppositional
symptoms and ADHD symptoms were highly correlated (r =
0.74). The most commonly reported, treatment-emergent AEs
(TEAEs) in the guanfacine XR group were somnolence (50.7%),
headache (22.1%), sedation (13.2%), upper abdominal pain
(11.8%) and fatigue (11.0%) and most were mild or moderate
in severity. TEAEs of sedation, somnolence or hypersomnia
were experienced by 62.5% of subjects in the guanfacine XR
group. These events were most common during the
dose-titration period but most (63.5%) resolved prior to the
taper period. TEAEs of fatigue, lethargy and asthenia were
reported in 11.0%, 3.7% and 0.0% of subjects in the
guanfacine XR group, respectively. Most subjects receiving
guanfacine XR demonstrated modest changes in blood pressure,
pulse rate and ECG readings that were not considered
clinically significant. CONCLUSIONS: In this population of
children aged 6-12 years with ADHD and the presence of
oppositional symptoms, significant reductions in CPRS-R:L
oppositional subscale and ADHD-RS-IV total scores were
observed with guanfacine XR treatment compared with placebo.
Treatment with guanfacine XR at optimized doses was
associated with mostly mild or moderate TEAEs. The findings
of this study support the efficacy of guanfacine XR in the
treatment of children with ADHD and the presence of
oppositional symptoms. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER:
NCT00367835.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.2165/11537790-000000000-00000},
Key = {fds274078}
}
@article{fds192940,
Author = {AD Anastopoulos and TF Smith and ME Garrett and E Morrissey-Kane and NK
Schatz, JL Sommer and SH Kollins and A Ashley-Koch},
Title = {Self-Regulation of Emotion, Functional Impairment, and
Comorbidity Among Children With ADHD.},
Journal = {Journal of attention disorders},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1557-1246},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054710370567},
Abstract = {Objective: This study investigated the role of
self-regulation of emotion in relation to functional
impairment and comorbidity among children with and without
AD/HD. Method: A total of 358 probands and their siblings
participated in the study, with 74% of the sample
participants affected by AD/HD. Parent-rated levels of
emotional lability served as a marker for self-regulation of
emotion. Results: Nearly half of the children affected by
AD/HD displayed significantly elevated levels of emotional
lability versus 15% of those without this disorder. Children
with AD/HD also displayed significantly higher rates of
functional impairment, comorbidity, and treatment service
utilization. Emotional lability partially mediated the
association between AD/HD status and these outcomes.
Conclusion: Findings lent support to the notion that
deficits in the self-regulation of emotion are evident in a
substantial number of children with AD/HD and that these
deficits play an important role in determining functional
impairment and comorbidity outcomes. (J. of Att. Dis. 2010;
XX(X) 1-XX).},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054710370567},
Key = {fds192940}
}
@misc{fds274085,
Author = {Kollins, SH and McClernon, FJ and Van Voorhees,
EE},
Title = {Monetary incentives promote smoking abstinence in adults
with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD).},
Journal = {Exp Clin Psychopharmacol},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {221-228},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1936-2293},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20545386},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder
with Hyperactivity • Behavior Therapy • Carbon
Monoxide • Case-Control Studies • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • Humans • Male • Middle
Aged • Motivation* • Psychiatric Status Rating
Scales • Reinforcement (Psychology) • Smoking
• Smoking Cessation • Statistics, Nonparametric
• Treatment Outcome • Young Adult •
epidemiology • metabolism • methods* •
psychology • psychology* • therapy*},
Abstract = {Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) smoke at rates significantly higher than the general
population and have more difficulty quitting than
nondiagnosed individuals. Currently, there are no
evidence-based approaches for reducing smoking specifically
in individuals with ADHD. Adult regular smokers with or
without ADHD participated in a study of extended smoking
withdrawal where monetary incentives were used to promote
abstinence. Participants were paid according to an
escalating schedule for maintaining abstinence measured as
self-report of no smoking and an expired air carbon monoxide
(CO) level of <or=4 parts per million. Sixty-four percent
(14/22) of smokers with ADHD and 50% (11/22) of smokers
without ADHD maintained complete abstinence for the 2-week
duration of the study. Twenty-two percent (5/22) and 9%
(2/22) of smokers with ADHD and without ADHD, respectively,
maintained continued abstinence for up to 10 days following
the removal of the contingencies. Though abstinence rates
were higher for the smokers with ADHD, the group differences
were not statistically significant. Results suggest that
monetary incentives may be a useful approach for promoting
abstinence in adult smokers with ADHD, perhaps owing to
altered reinforcement processes in these
individuals.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/a0019565},
Key = {fds274085}
}
@article{fds273989,
Author = {Kollins, S},
Title = {Subjective Effects of Methylphenidate},
Pages = {275-304},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195165319.003.0011},
Abstract = {Methylphenidate (MPH) is one of the most widely prescribed
psychotropic agents in the United States, and its increased
use over the past two decades has been a source of growing
controversy among scientists, clinicians, policy makers, and
parents. This chapter highlights research and theory on the
subjective effects of MPH and how their study can provide
information addressing all these issues. The chapter begins
by briefly reviewing the history of the clinical use of MPH
and empirical work on the recent prescription trends of this
drug. It then considers the question of what kinds of
information the subjective effects of MPH can provide about
both the clinical effects of the drug and its potential for
abuse or misuse. The chapter reviews those studies that have
evaluated the subjective effects of MPH in human
participants, with emphasis on the methodological variation
across studies in which these effects have been assessed. It
emphasizes the measurement of MPH subjective effects in
clinical samples of individuals with attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), including a recently
completed study suggesting differential patterns of effects
in this group versus healthy controls. Finally, the chapter
provides an overview of potential neuropharmacological
mechanisms.},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195165319.003.0011},
Key = {fds273989}
}
@article{fds274098,
Author = {Markunas, CA and Quinn, KS and Collins, AL and Garrett, ME and Lachiewicz, AM and Sommer, JL and Morrissey-Kane, E and Kollins, SH and Anastopoulos, AD and Ashley-Koch, AE},
Title = {Genetic variants in SLC9A9 are associated with measures of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in
families.},
Journal = {Psychiatr Genet},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {73-81},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1473-5873},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20032819},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Child • Female • Genetic
Variation* • Genotype • Humans • Male •
Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter • genetics* •
physiopathology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: A family was previously identified that
cosegregates a pericentric inversion, inv(3)(p14 : q21),
with an early-onset developmental condition, characterized
by impulsive behavior and intellectual deficit. The
inversion breakpoints lie within DOCK3 and SLC9A9 at the
p-arm and q-arm, respectively. Based on this report, these
genes were selected to be evaluated in a family-based
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) association
study. METHODS: Conners' Parent (CPRS) and Teacher (CTRS)
Rating Scales of AD/HD symptoms and Conners' Continuous
Performance Test (CPT) measures were collected and a minimal
number of tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in
each gene were selected for analysis. Analyses were
performed on families who met research criteria for AD/HD.
Using the program, QTDT, each tagging SNP was tested for
association with T-scores from the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition
(DSM-IV) subscales according to the CTRS and CPRS, and five
CPT measures. RESULTS: After adjusting for multiple testing,
a SNP in the 3' UTR of SLC9A9, rs1046706, remained
significantly associated (false discovery rate, q value
<0.05) with scores on the DSM-IV hyperactive-impulsive and
total symptom subscales according to the CTRS and errors of
commission on the CPT. In addition, an intronic SLC9A9 SNP,
rs2360867, remained significantly associated with errors of
commission. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that SLC9A9 may
be related to hyperactive-impulsive symptoms in AD/HD and
the disruption of SLC9A9 may be responsible for the
behavioral phenotype observed in the inversion family. The
association with SLC9A9 is particularly interesting as it
was recently implicated in a genome-wide association study
for AD/HD. Further investigation of the role of SLC9A9 in
AD/HD and other behavioral disorders is warranted.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/YPG.0b013e3283351209},
Key = {fds274098}
}
@article{fds274069,
Author = {Polanczyk, G and Caspi, A and Houts, R and Kollins, SH and Rohde, LA and Moffitt, TE},
Title = {Implications of extending the ADHD age-of-onset criterion to
age 12: results from a prospectively studied birth
cohort.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {210-216},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1527-5418},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20410710},
Keywords = {Adult • Age of Onset • Attention Deficit Disorder
with Hyperactivity • Child • Cohort Studies •
Cross-Sectional Studies • Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders • Diseases in Twins •
Female • Great Britain • Humans • Male •
Personality Assessment • Prospective Studies •
Risk Factors • diagnosis* • epidemiology •
genetics • psychology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether including children with onset
of symptoms between ages 7 and 12 years in the ADHD
diagnostic category would: (a) increase the prevalence of
the disorder at age 12, and (b) change the clinical and
cognitive features, impairment profile, and risk factors for
ADHD compared with findings in the literature based on the
DSM-IV definition of the disorder. METHOD: A birth cohort of
2,232 British children was prospectively evaluated at ages 7
and 12 years for ADHD using information from mothers and
teachers. The prevalence of diagnosed ADHD at age 12 was
evaluated with and without the inclusion of individuals who
met DSM-IV age-of-onset criterion through mothers' or
teachers' reports of symptoms at age 7. Children with onset
of ADHD symptoms before versus after age 7 were compared on
their clinical and cognitive features, impairment profile,
and risk factors for ADHD. RESULTS: Extending the
age-of-onset criterion to age 12 resulted in a negligible
increase in ADHD prevalence by age 12 years of 0.1%.
Children who first manifested ADHD symptoms between ages 7
and 12 did not present correlates or risk factors that were
significantly different from children who manifested
symptoms before age 7. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this
prospective birth cohort might suggest that adults who are
able to report symptom onset by age 12 also had symptoms by
age 7, even if they are not able to report them. The data
suggest that the prevalence estimate, correlates and risk
factors of ADHD will not be affected if the new diagnostic
scheme extends the age-of-onset criterion to age
12.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2009.12.014},
Key = {fds274069}
}
@article{fds351310,
Author = {Polanczyk, G and Caspi, A and Houts, R and Kollins, SH and Rohde, LA and Moffitt, TE},
Title = {Implications of Extending the ADHD Age-of-Onset Criterion to
Age 12},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {210-216},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-201003000-00004},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-201003000-00004},
Key = {fds351310}
}
@article{fds274066,
Author = {Faraone, SV and Spencer, TJ and Kollins, SH and Glatt,
SJ},
Title = {Effects of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate treatment for ADHD on
growth.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {49},
Number = {1},
Pages = {24-32},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1527-5418},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20215923},
Keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Body
Height • Body Mass Index* • Body Weight •
Central Nervous System Stimulants • Child •
Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic • Cross-Over
Studies • Dextroamphetamine • Dose-Response
Relationship, Drug • Double-Blind Method • Female
• Follow-Up Studies • Humans • Male •
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic • adverse
effects* • drug effects* • drug therapy* •
therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To complete an exploratory uncontrolled study of
the effects of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) on growth
of children treated for attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). METHOD: Height, weight, and body mass index
(BMI) from 281 children ages 6 to 13 years from longitudinal
assessments up to 15 months were compared to norms from the
Centers for Disease Control. RESULTS: At study entry,
children were taller and heavier than average. Growth delays
were largest for weight and BMI, and there was a 13
percentile point decrease in height. Children continued to
grow in terms of height while treated with LDX; we found no
increase in raw weight or BMI during the study period. LDX
treatment was significantly associated with diminished gains
in height, weight, and BMI compared to levels that would be
expected based on age-appropriate standards from the Centers
for Disease Control. Growth delays were greatest for the
heaviest and tallest children, for those who had not
previously received stimulant therapy, and for those with a
greater cumulative exposure to LDX. More work is needed to
determine effects on ultimate adult height. CONCLUSIONS:
Consistent with prior studies of stimulants, treatment with
LDX leads to statistically significant reductions in
expected height, weight, and BMI. Growth of patients with
ADHD treated with LDX should be closely monitored and
corrective action taken should growth delays be
observed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-201001000-00006},
Key = {fds274066}
}
@article{fds274064,
Author = {Volkow, ND and Wang, G-J and Kollins, SH and Wigal, TL and Newcorn, JH and Telang, F and Fowler, JS and Zhu, W and Logan, J and Ma, Y and Pradhan, K and Wong, C and Swanson, JM},
Title = {Evaluating dopamine reward pathway in ADHD: clinical
implications.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {302},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1084-1091},
Publisher = {AMER MEDICAL ASSOC},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19738093},
Keywords = {Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
• Brain • Brain Mapping • Carbon
Radioisotopes • Cocaine • Dopamine • Dopamine
Agents • Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
• Female • Humans • Male • Mesencephalon
• Positron-Emission Tomography • Raclopride •
Receptors, Dopamine D2 • Reward • Synaptic
Transmission • diagnostic use • metabolism •
metabolism* • physiology* • physiopathology*
• psychology • radionuclide imaging •
radionuclide imaging*},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD)--characterized by symptoms of inattention and
hyperactivity-impulsivity--is the most prevalent childhood
psychiatric disorder that frequently persists into
adulthood, and there is increasing evidence of
reward-motivation deficits in this disorder. OBJECTIVE: To
evaluate biological bases that might underlie a
reward/motivation deficit by imaging key components of the
brain dopamine reward pathway (mesoaccumbens). DESIGN,
SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We used positron emission
tomography to measure dopamine synaptic markers
(transporters and D(2)/D(3) receptors) in 53 nonmedicated
adults with ADHD and 44 healthy controls between 2001-2009
at Brookhaven National Laboratory. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We
measured specific binding of positron emission tomographic
radioligands for dopamine transporters (DAT) using
[(11)C]cocaine and for D(2)/D(3) receptors using
[(11)C]raclopride, quantified as binding potential
(distribution volume ratio -1). RESULTS: For both ligands,
statistical parametric mapping showed that specific binding
was lower in ADHD than in controls (threshold for
significance set at P < .005) in regions of the dopamine
reward pathway in the left side of the brain.
Region-of-interest analyses corroborated these findings. The
mean (95% confidence interval [CI] of mean difference) for
DAT in the nucleus accumbens for controls was 0.71 vs 0.63
for those with ADHD (95% CI, 0.03-0.13, P = .004) and in the
midbrain for controls was 0.16 vs 0.09 for those with ADHD
(95% CI, 0.03-0.12; P < or = .001); for D(2)/D(3) receptors,
the mean accumbens for controls was 2.85 vs 2.68 for those
with ADHD (95% CI, 0.06-0.30, P = .004); and in the
midbrain, it was for controls 0.28 vs 0.18 for those with
ADHD (95% CI, 0.02-0.17, P = .01). The analysis also
corroborated differences in the left caudate: the mean DAT
for controls was 0.66 vs 0.53 for those with ADHD (95% CI,
0.04-0.22; P = .003) and the mean D(2)/D(3) for controls was
2.80 vs 2.47 for those with ADHD (95% CI, 0.10-0.56; P =
.005) and differences in D(2)/D(3) in the hypothalamic
region, with controls having a mean of 0.12 vs 0.05 for
those with ADHD (95% CI, 0.02-0.12; P = .004). Ratings of
attention correlated with D(2)/D(3) in the accumbens (r =
0.35; 95% CI, 0.15-0.52; P = .001), midbrain (r = 0.35; 95%
CI, 0.14-0.52; P = .001), caudate (r = 0.32; 95% CI,
0.11-0.50; P = .003), and hypothalamic (r = 0.31; CI,
0.10-0.49; P = .003) regions and with DAT in the midbrain (r
= 0.37; 95% CI, 0.16-0.53; P < or = .001). CONCLUSION: A
reduction in dopamine synaptic markers associated with
symptoms of inattention was shown in the dopamine reward
pathway of participants with ADHD.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2009.1308},
Key = {fds274064}
}
@article{fds274055,
Author = {Wigal, SB and Kollins, SH and Childress, AC and Squires, L and 311 Study
Group},
Title = {A 13-hour laboratory school study of lisdexamfetamine
dimesylate in school-aged children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder.},
Journal = {Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental
Health},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1753-2000},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19508731},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is indicated
for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) in children 6 to 12 years of age and in
adults. In a previous laboratory school study, LDX
demonstrated efficacy 2 hours postdose with duration of
efficacy through 12 hours. The current study further
characterizes the time course of effect of LDX. METHODS:
Children aged 6 to 12 years with ADHD were enrolled in a
laboratory school study. The multicenter study consisted of
open-label, dose-optimization of LDX (30, 50, 70 mg/d, 4
weeks) followed by a randomized, placebo-controlled, 2-way
crossover phase (1 week each). Efficacy measures included
the SKAMP (deportment [primary] and attention [secondary])
and PERMP (attempted/correct) scales (secondary) measured at
predose and at 1.5, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12, and 13 hours
postdose. Safety measures included treatment-emergent
adverse events (AEs), physical examination, vital signs, and
ECGs. RESULTS: A total of 117 subjects were randomized and
111 completed the study. Compared with placebo, LDX
demonstrated significantly greater efficacy at each postdose
time point (1.5 hours to 13.0 hours), as measured by SKAMP
deportment and attention scales and PERMP (P < .005). The
most common treatment-emergent AEs during dose optimization
were decreased appetite (47%), insomnia (27%), headache
(17%), irritability (16%), upper abdominal pain (16%), and
affect lability (10%), which were less frequent in the
crossover phase (6%, 4%, 5%, 1%, 2%, and 0% respectively).
CONCLUSION: In school-aged children (6 to 12 years) with
ADHD, efficacy of LDX was maintained from the first time
point (1.5 hours) up to the last time point assessed (13.0
hours). LDX was generally well tolerated, resulting in
typical stimulant AEs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Official Title: A
Phase IIIb, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multi-Center,
Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Optimization, Cross-Over, Analog
Classroom Study to Assess the Time of Onset of Vyvanse
(Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate) in Pediatric Subjects Aged
6-12 With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00500149
http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00500149.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1186/1753-2000-3-17},
Key = {fds274055}
}
@article{fds274087,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Garrett, ME and McClernon, FJ and Lachiewicz, AM and Morrissey-Kane, E and FitzGerald, D and Collins, AL and Anastopoulos,
AD and Ashley-Koch, AE},
Title = {Effects of postnatal parental smoking on parent and teacher
ratings of ADHD and oppositional symptoms.},
Journal = {J Nerv Ment Dis},
Volume = {197},
Number = {6},
Pages = {442-449},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1539-736X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19525745},
Keywords = {Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
• Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders
• Child • Child, Preschool • Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders • Faculty*
• Female • Humans • Male • Mothers
• Observer Variation • Parents* • Postpartum
Period* • Smoking • diagnosis • epidemiology*
• statistics & numerical data*},
Abstract = {To assess the effects of postnatal parental smoking on
subsequent parent and teacher ratings of DSM-IV attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and
oppositional behaviors in children diagnosed with ADHD and
their siblings. Children between 5 and 12 years of age with
ADHD and their siblings were included. DSM-IV ADHD symptom
subscales (Inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive), and
oppositionality subscale scores from Conners' Rating Scales
were predicted on the basis of parental smoking status in
the first 7 years after birth using Generalized Estimating
Equations controlling for a range of relevant covariates.
Postnatal parental smoking was associated with both parent
and teacher ratings of ADHD symptoms and oppositional
behavior. After controlling for a number of covariates,
several of these relationships were still significant. The
risk of maternal smoking for the development of ADHD
symptoms does not end during pregnancy. Research on the
mechanisms underlying the observed associations is
needed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181a61d9e},
Key = {fds274087}
}
@article{fds274056,
Author = {Fuemmeler, BF and Agurs-Collins, T and McClernon, FJ and Kollins, SH and Garrett, ME and Ashley-Koch, AE},
Title = {Interactions between genotype and depressive symptoms on
obesity.},
Journal = {Behav Genet},
Volume = {39},
Number = {3},
Pages = {296-305},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1573-3297},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19337825},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Alleles • Body Mass Index* •
Confidence Intervals • Depression • Depressive
Disorder • Female • Genetic Predisposition to
Disease • Genotype* • Humans • Longitudinal
Studies • Male • Monoamine Oxidase • Obesity
• Odds Ratio • Overweight • Personality
Inventory • Phenotype • Polymorphism, Genetic
• Psychometrics • Risk Factors • Serotonin
Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins • Sex Factors •
Young Adult • genetics • genetics* •
psychology • statistics & numerical
data},
Abstract = {Depression and Genetic variation in serotonin and monoamine
transmission have both been associated with body mass index
(BMI), but their interaction effects are not well
understood. We examined the interaction between depressive
symptoms and functional polymorphisms of serotonin
transporter (SLC6A4) and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) on
categories of BMI. Participants were from the National
Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Multiple logistic
regression was used to investigate interactions between
candidate genes and depression on risk of obesity (BMI > or
= 30) or overweight + obese combined (BMI > or = 25). Males
with an MAOA active allele with high depressive symptoms
were at decreased risk of obesity (OR 0.22; 95% CI
0.06-0.78) and overweight + obesity (OR 0.48; 95% CI
0.26-0.89). No similar effect was observed among females.
These findings highlight that the obesity-depression
relationship may vary as a function of gender and genetic
polymorphism, and suggest the need for further
study.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10519-009-9266-z},
Key = {fds274056}
}
@article{fds274101,
Author = {Kollins, SH and English, J and Robinson, R and Hallyburton, M and Chrisman, AK},
Title = {Reinforcing and subjective effects of methylphenidate in
adults with and without attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD).},
Journal = {Psychopharmacology (Berl)},
Volume = {204},
Number = {1},
Pages = {73-83},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1432-2072},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19104775},
Keywords = {Administration, Oral • Adult • Area Under Curve
• Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity •
Central Nervous System Stimulants • Choice Behavior
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug • Female •
Humans • Male • Methylphenidate •
Questionnaires • Reinforcement (Psychology)* •
Self Administration • Substance-Related Disorders
• administration & dosage • drug therapy* •
psychology • psychology* • therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {RATIONALE: There has been controversy over the abuse
potential of methylphenidate (MPH) in the context of
treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD). OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to
compare the reinforcing and subjective effects of oral MPH
in adults with and without ADHD. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Following screening, 33 adults (n = 16 with ADHD; n = 17
free from psychiatric diagnoses) completed four pairs of
experimental sessions, each of which included a sampling
session and a self-administration session. During sampling
sessions, subjects received in randomized order 0 (placebo),
20, 40, and 60 mg MPH. During self-administration sessions,
subjects completed a progressive ratio (PR) task to earn
portions of the dose received on the corresponding sampling
session. Subjective effects were recorded throughout all
sessions. The main outcome measure for the study was the
number of ratios completed on the PR task. Secondary
measures included peak subjective effects and
area-under-the-curve values for subjective effects. RESULTS:
Compared to the control group, the ADHD group completed more
ratios on the PR task. Both groups showed robust effects of
methylphenidate on subjective endpoints. Main effects of
group were noted on subjective effects involving
concentration and arousal. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to placebo,
MPH produced reinforcing effects only for the ADHD group and
not for the control group. Increases in stimulant-related
subjective effects in non-ADHD subjects were not associated
with drug reinforcement.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s00213-008-1439-6},
Key = {fds274101}
}
@article{fds274047,
Author = {Willoughby, MT and Kollins, SH and McClernon, FJ and Family Life
Investigative Group},
Title = {Association between smoking and retrospectively reported
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a large
sample of new mothers.},
Journal = {Nicotine Tob Res},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {313-322},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1469-994X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19307443},
Keywords = {Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
• Female • Humans • Linear Models •
Mothers • North Carolina • Pennsylvania •
Retrospective Studies • Smoking • Young Adult
• epidemiology • epidemiology* •
physiopathology* • psychology*},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the association
between retrospectively reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) symptoms experienced during childhood and
five cigarette smoking-related outcomes in adulthood.
METHODS: A large sample (N = 1,117) of new mothers
participating in an ongoing longitudinal study completed
retrospective reports of their childhood ADHD
symptomatology, as well as concurrent and retrospective
reports of their smoking behavior. Linear regression models
tested the association between ADHD symptomatology and
smoking outcomes. RESULTS: Childhood ADHD symptomatology was
predictive of the number of cigarettes smoked per day
currently and during pregnancy, as well as the age at onset
of smoking. We found nonlinear associations between
hyperactive-impulsive symptoms and the number of cigarettes
smoked per day in pregnancy, as well as between inattentive
symptoms and the number of cigarettes smoked per day
currently. Women who retrospectively reported intermediate
levels of ADHD symptoms during their childhood reported
smoking more cigarettes per day than women who reported low
or high levels of ADHD symptoms during childhood. We also
found multiplicative relationship between inattentive and
hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, such that inattentive
symptoms were predictive of an earlier age at smoking onset
only when hyperactive-impulsive symptoms were low; moreover,
the magnitude of this association was stronger for Black
relative to White women. DISCUSSION: These findings
demonstrate the importance of considering differential
effects of ADHD symptoms and smoking outcomes as a function
of sex and race. They also represent a potentially indirect
means through which women who have even a moderate childhood
history of ADHD symptomatology may create a set of
circumstances that compromise the health and well-being of
their own children.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1093/ntr/ntp001},
Key = {fds274047}
}
@article{fds274077,
Author = {Kollins, SH and McClernon, FJ and Epstein, JN},
Title = {Effects of smoking abstinence on reaction time variability
in smokers with and without ADHD: an ex-Gaussian
analysis.},
Journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
Volume = {100},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {169-172},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1879-0046},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19041198},
Keywords = {Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
• Humans • Normal Distribution • Photic
Stimulation • Psychomotor Performance • Reaction
Time • Smoking • Smoking Cessation* •
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome • methods •
physiology • physiopathology • physiopathology*
• psychology},
Abstract = {Smoking abstinence differentially affects cognitive
functioning in smokers with ADHD, compared to non-ADHD
smokers. Alternative approaches for analyzing reaction time
data from these tasks may further elucidate important group
differences. Adults smoking > or = 15 cigarettes with (n=12)
or without (n=14) a diagnosis of ADHD completed a continuous
performance task (CPT) during two sessions under two
separate laboratory conditions--a 'Satiated' condition
wherein participants smoked up to and during the session;
and an 'Abstinent' condition, in which participants were
abstinent overnight and during the session. Reaction time
(RT) distributions from the CPT were modeled to fit an
ex-Gaussian distribution. The indicator of central tendency
for RT from the normal component of the RT distribution (mu)
showed a main effect of Group (ADHD < Control) and a Group x
Session interaction (ADHD group RTs decreased when
abstinent). RT standard deviation for the normal component
of the distribution (sigma) showed no effects. The
ex-Gaussian parameter tau, which describes the mean and
standard deviation of the non-normal component of the
distribution, showed significant effects of session
(Abstinent > Satiated), Group x Session interaction (ADHD
increased significantly under Abstinent condition compared
to Control), and a trend toward a main effect of Group (ADHD
> Control). Alternative approaches to analyzing RT data
provide a more detailed description of the effects of
smoking abstinence in ADHD and non-ADHD smokers and results
differ from analyses using more traditional approaches.
These findings have implications for understanding the
neuropsychopharmacology of nicotine and nicotine
withdrawal.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.09.019},
Key = {fds274077}
}
@article{fds274096,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Anastopoulos, AD and Lachiewicz, AM and FitzGerald,
D and Morrissey-Kane, E and Garrett, ME and Keatts, SL and Ashley-Koch,
AE},
Title = {SNPs in dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2) and norepinephrine
transporter gene (NET) are associated with continuous
performance task (CPT) phenotypes in ADHD children and their
families.},
Journal = {Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet},
Volume = {147B},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1580-1588},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1552-485X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18821566},
Keywords = {Alleles • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
• Child • Female • Gene Frequency •
Genotype • Humans • Interviews as Topic •
Male • Neuropsychological Tests* • Norepinephrine
Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins • Nuclear Family
• Parents • Phenotype • Polymorphism, Single
Nucleotide* • Receptors, Dopamine D2 • Siblings
• diagnosis • genetics*},
Abstract = {Haplotype-tagging SNP analyses were conducted to identify
molecular genetic substrates of quantitative phenotypes
derived from performance on a Continuous Performance Task
(CPT). Three hundred sixty-four individuals were sampled
from 152 families ascertained on the basis of at least one
child having ADHD. Probands, their affected and unaffected
siblings, and parents were administered a CPT. Four
different components of performance were analyzed and tested
for association with SNPs from 10 candidate genes involved
in monoaminergic function. After correcting for multiple
comparisons and controlling for multiple individuals from
the same family, significant associations were identified
between commission errors and SNPs in the DRD2 gene
(rs2075654, rs1079596), and between reaction time
variability and a SNP in the NET gene (rs3785155). These
findings suggest that commission errors and reaction time
variability are excellent candidates as ADHD endophenotypes
based on previously published criteria. Results also shed
light on the molecular genetic basis of specific processes
that may underlie the disorder.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/ajmg.b.30876},
Key = {fds274096}
}
@article{fds274071,
Author = {Witt, KL and Shelby, MD and Itchon-Ramos, N and Faircloth, M and Kissling, GE and Chrisman, AK and Ravi, H and Murli, H and Mattison, DR and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Methylphenidate and amphetamine do not induce cytogenetic
damage in lymphocytes of children with ADHD.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {47},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1375-1383},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1527-5418},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18978633},
Keywords = {Amphetamines • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Child • Chromosome Aberrations* •
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug • Female • Humans
• Lymphocytes • Male • Methylphenidate •
Micronucleus Tests* • Sister Chromatid Exchange* •
drug effects • drug therapy* • genetics •
metabolism • therapeutic use •
toxicity*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: In response to previously published findings of
methylphenidate-induced chromosomal changes in children,
this study was designed to determine whether
methylphenidate- or amphetamine-based drugs induce
chromosomal damage (structural aberrations, micronuclei, and
sister chromatid exchanges) in peripheral blood lymphocytes
of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
after 3 months of continuous treatment. METHOD: Stimulant
drug-naïve subjects, 6 to 12 years of age, in good overall
health, and judged to be appropriate candidates for
stimulant therapy based on rigorously diagnosed ADHD using
DSM-IV criteria, were randomized into two open-label
treatment groups (methylphenidate or mixed amphetamine
salts). Each subject provided a blood sample before
initiation of treatment and after 3 months of treatment.
Pretreatment and posttreatment frequencies of chromosomal
aberrations, micronuclei, and sister chromatid exchanges
were determined for each subject. RESULTS: Sixty-three
subjects enrolled in the study; 47 subjects completed the
full 3 months of treatment, 25 in the methylphenidate group
and 22 in the amphetamine group. No significant
treatment-related increases were observed in any of the
three measures of cytogenetic damage in the 47 subjects who
completed treatment or the 16 subjects who did not.
CONCLUSIONS: Earlier findings of methylphenidate-induced
chromosomal changes in children were not replicated in this
study. These results add to the accumulating evidence that
therapeutic levels of methylphenidate do not induce
cytogenetic damage in humans. Furthermore, our results
indicate that amphetamine-based products do not pose a risk
for cytogenetic damage in children.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181893620},
Key = {fds274071}
}
@article{fds274053,
Author = {McClernon, FJ and Kollins, SH},
Title = {ADHD and smoking: from genes to brain to
behavior.},
Journal = {Ann N Y Acad Sci},
Volume = {1141},
Pages = {131-147},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1749-6632},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18991955},
Keywords = {Acetylcholine • Adolescent • Adult • Age of
Onset • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
• Comorbidity • Dopamine • Female •
Genetic Predisposition to Disease • Humans • Male
• Nerve Tissue Proteins • Nicotine •
Prevalence • Serotonin • Smoking • Tobacco
Use Disorder • epidemiology* • genetics •
pharmacokinetics • physiology • physiopathology
• prevention & control • psychology},
Abstract = {Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and tobacco
smoking are among the most common and costly psychiatric and
behavioral problems. The rates of co-occurrence of these two
common problems are larger than expected by chance. Despite
progress in identifying the neural and genetic substrates of
each, the mechanisms underlying the high rates of
comorbidity between ADHD and smoking remain largely unknown.
We propose that ADHD and smoking involve dysregulation of
dopaminergic and nicotinic-acetylcholinergic circuits and
that these aberrations are likely to arise, at least in
part, from genetic variations. This review describes an
integrative model of the ADHD-smoking comorbidity, with an
emphasis on shared neuropharmacological mechanisms. We first
describe the prevalence of smoking among ADHD patients. We
then describe how ADHD influences stages of smoking behavior
(e.g., initiation, maintenance, and relapse). We review
common potential genetic substrates of ADHD and smoking,
focusing on genes that regulate monoaminergic
neurotransmission. We review the behavioral and
neuropharmacological bases of smoking and ADHD, focusing on
the modulatory roles of nicotine on attention and behavioral
control. Finally, we discuss the implications of this model
for prevention and clinical outcomes.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1196/annals.1441.016},
Key = {fds274053}
}
@article{fds274057,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {ADHD, substance use disorders, and psychostimulant
treatment: current literature and treatment
guidelines.},
Journal = {Journal of Attention Disorders},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {115-125},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1087-0547},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18192623},
Keywords = {Amphetamine • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Child • Cocaine-Related Disorders • Humans
• Marijuana Abuse • Methylphenidate •
Practice Guidelines as Topic • Substance-Related
Disorders • drug therapy* • epidemiology •
epidemiology* • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This review explores the relationship between
ADHD and substance use disorder (SUD), factors that
determine the abuse potential of psychostimulants, and
strategies for identifying and treating at-risk ADHD
patients. METHOD: This study uses a Medline review of
literature. RESULTS: Psychostimulants, such as
methylphenidate and amphetamines, are effective first-line
pharmacotherapy for ADHD and when used appropriately in
individuals with ADHD do not appear to be frequently abused
by patients. Diversion and misuse of prescription stimulants
are growing concerns, especially among young adults and
college students. Short-acting psychostimulant formulations
may have higher potential for abuse, misuse, and diversion,
but more data are needed to substantiate this observation.
Nonstimulant treatments for ADHD may be considered for
patients at particularly high risk for substance use,
misuse, or diversion of stimulants. CONCLUSION: In treating
patients with ADHD and comorbid substance use,
psychostimulants may be a useful pharmacologic alternative.
However, the risks of such treatment with high-risk
populations must be considered alongside potential
benefits.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054707311654},
Key = {fds274057}
}
@article{fds274063,
Author = {Adler, LA and Goodman, DW and Kollins, SH and Weisler, RH and Krishnan,
S and Zhang, Y and Biederman, J and 303 Study Group},
Title = {Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and
safety of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in adults with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.},
Journal = {The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry},
Volume = {69},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1364-1373},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1555-2101},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19012818},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder
with Hyperactivity • Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Dextroamphetamine • Dose-Response Relationship,
Drug • Double-Blind Method • Female • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Personality Assessment
• Young Adult • administration & dosage* •
adverse effects • diagnosis • drug therapy* •
psychology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 30, 50,
and 70 mg/day lisdexamfetamine dimesylate compared with
placebo in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). METHOD: Following a 7- to 28-day washout,
420 adults aged 18 to 55 years with moderate to severe ADHD
(DSM-IV-TR criteria) were treated with 30, 50, or 70 mg/day
lisdexamfetamine or placebo, respectively, for 4 weeks (N =
119, 117, 122, and 62, respectively). The 50- and 70- mg/day
groups underwent forced-dose titration. The primary efficacy
measure was the clinician-determined ADHD Rating Scale
(ADHD-RS) total score. The study was conducted from May 2006
to November 2006. RESULTS: Treatment groups were well
matched at baseline, including in ADHD-RS scores. At
endpoint, changes in ADHD-RS scores were significantly
greater for each lisdexamfetamine dose than for placebo
(placebo = -8.2, 30 mg/day lisdexamfetamine = -16.2, 50
mg/day lisdexamfetamine = -17.4, 70 mg/day lisdexamfetamine
= -18.6; all p < .0001 vs. placebo), with no differences
between doses. Significant differences relative to placebo
were observed in each lisdexamfetamine group, beginning at
week 1 and for each week throughout. The percentage of
subjects who improved (Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement
scale rating < or = 2) was significantly greater for each
lisdexamfetamine dose than for placebo at each week and at
endpoint (placebo = 29%, 30 mg/day lisdexamfetamine = 57%,
50 mg/day lisdexamfetamine = 62%, 70 mg/day lisdexamfetamine
= 61%; all p < .01). Adverse events were generally mild and
included dry mouth, decreased appetite, and insomnia.
CONCLUSION: All 3 lisdexamfetamine doses were significantly
more effective than placebo in the treatment of adults with
ADHD, with improvements noted within 1 week.
Lisdexamfetamine was generally well tolerated by these
patients.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.4088/jcp.v69n0903},
Key = {fds274063}
}
@article{fds274073,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {A qualitative review of issues arising in the use of
psycho-stimulant medications in patients with ADHD and
co-morbid substance use disorders.},
Journal = {Curr Med Res Opin},
Volume = {24},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1345-1357},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1473-4877},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18384709},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors • Adult
• Age Distribution • Attention Deficit Disorder
with Hyperactivity • Case-Control Studies •
Central Nervous System Stimulants • Child •
Comorbidity • Female • Follow-Up Studies •
Humans • Incidence • Male • Predictive Value
of Tests • Probability • Reference Values •
Risk Assessment • Severity of Illness Index • Sex
Distribution • Substance Abuse Detection •
Substance-Related Disorders • adverse effects* •
diagnosis • drug therapy* • epidemiology* •
methods • therapeutic use},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This review addresses the relationship between
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and
substance use disorders (SUDs), with an emphasis on factors
that determine the potential for psychostimulant abuse.
Strategies for identification and treatment of patients with
ADHD who are at risk for, or have, co-morbid SUD are also
addressed. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The article was
based on a qualitative review of current literature
addressing co-morbid ADHD and SUD. DISCUSSION: Adolescent
and adult patients with ADHD are at increased risk for SUD,
as well as a number of other psychiatric disorders.
Psychostimulant agents like methylphenidate (MPH) and mixed
amphetamine salts (MAS) are effective first-line
pharmacotherapies for ADHD; however, they are Schedule II
controlled substances with a potential for abuse. Evidence
suggests that treatment of ADHD during childhood with
stimulant agents may reduce the risk of developing SUD later
on. Factors associated with the highest risk of SUD in
patients with ADHD include co-morbid antisocial personality
disorder, bipolar disorder, an eating disorder, severe ADHD
and/or antisocial behavior symptoms, and dropping out of
school. Treatment initiation during adolescence or young
adulthood also has been linked to increased risk of polydrug
use and non-medical stimulant use, a pattern of behavior
consistent with a risk of SUD development. Treatment plans
for patients with ADHD and co-morbid SUD should include
behavioral interventions, careful monitoring, and when
appropriate, pharmacotherapy. When oral formulations of
psychostimulants are used at recommended doses and
frequencies, they are unlikely to yield effects consistent
with abuse potential in patients with ADHD. Long-acting
stimulant formulations and non-stimulants, like atomoxetine
or bupropion, have a lower potential for abuse, and provide
several safe and effective treatment options for the
development of a comprehensive management plan for patients
with co-morbid ADHD and SUD. CONCLUSIONS: The present review
is neither exhaustive nor systematic. Moreover, the reviewed
studies vary widely with regards to methodology and patient
populations. In light of these limitations, several
conclusions are still warranted. Patients with ADHD are at
increased risk for SUD. Under certain conditions,
psychostimulants may be a pharmacologic option in the
treatment of patients with co-morbid ADHD and SUD. However,
clinicians should be mindful of the risks and benefits of
this treatment approach in a high-risk population and should
also bear in mind the labeling guidelines when working with
this co-morbidity.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1185/030079908x280707},
Key = {fds274073}
}
@article{fds274093,
Author = {McClernon, FJ and Kollins, SH and Lutz, AM and Fitzgerald, DP and Murray, DW and Redman, C and Rose, JE},
Title = {Effects of smoking abstinence on adult smokers with and
without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of
a preliminary study.},
Journal = {Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {197},
Number = {1},
Pages = {95-105},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0033-3158},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18038223},
Keywords = {Adult • Affect • Arousal • Attention •
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity •
Comorbidity • Cross-Sectional Studies • Cues
• Female • Humans • Inhibition (Psychology)
• Male • Motivation • Neuropsychological
Tests • Nicotine • Pattern Recognition, Visual
• Psychomotor Performance • Reaction Time •
Smoking • Smoking Cessation* • Substance
Withdrawal Syndrome • adverse effects* • diagnosis
• epidemiology • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {RATIONALE: Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) smoke at higher rates than the general
population; however, little is known about the mechanisms
underlying this comorbidity. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated
the effects of overnight abstinence on withdrawal symptoms
and cognitive performance in adult smokers with and without
ADHD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Individuals smoking > or = 15
cigarettes per day were recruited from the community and
underwent an evaluation to establish a diagnosis of ADHD (n
= 12) or not (n = 14). Withdrawal symptoms, mood, craving,
cognitive performance, and smoking cue reactivity were
measured during two laboratory sessions-in a 'Satiated'
condition participants smoked up to and during the session
while in an 'Abstinent' condition, participants were
required to be smoking abstinent overnight and remain
abstinent during the session. RESULTS: The effects of
abstinence on ADHD and non-ADHD smokers did not differ for
withdrawal symptom severity, mood, craving or cue
reactivity. Significant Group x Condition interactions were
observed for measures of attention and response inhibition
on the Conners' CPT. For reaction time (RT) variability and
errors of commission, the ADHD group exhibited greater
decrements in performance after overnight abstinence
compared to the non-ADHD group. The effects of abstinence on
other cognitive measures (e.g., rapid visual information
processing task, cued Go/No-Go task) did not differ between
the two groups. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study is the
first to systematically evaluate the effects of acute
smoking abstinence in adult smokers diagnosed with ADHD.
Individuals with the disorder may smoke at higher rates due
to greater worsening of attention and response inhibition
after abstinence.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s00213-007-1009-3},
Key = {fds274093}
}
@article{fds274049,
Author = {Fuemmeler, BF and Agurs-Collins, TD and McClernon, FJ and Kollins,
SH and Kail, ME and Bergen, AW and Ashley-Koch, AE},
Title = {Genes implicated in serotonergic and dopaminergic
functioning predict BMI categories.},
Journal = {Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {348-355},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1930-7381},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18239643},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aging • Body Mass Index*
• Cohort Studies • Dopamine • Dopamine Plasma
Membrane Transport Proteins • Energy Metabolism •
European Continental Ancestry Group • Female •
Hispanic Americans • Humans • Logistic Models
• Longitudinal Studies • Male • Monoamine
Oxidase • Obesity • Predictive Value of Tests
• Receptors, Dopamine D4 • Serotonin •
Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins • Sex
Characteristics • ethnology • genetics •
genetics* • metabolism • metabolism* •
physiology • physiopathology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study addressed the hypothesis that
variation in genes associated with dopamine function
(SLC6A3, DRD2, DRD4), serotonin function (SLC6A4, and
regulation of monoamine levels (MAOA) may be predictive of
BMI categories (obese and overweight + obese) in young
adulthood and of changes in BMI as adolescents transition
into young adulthood. Interactions with gender and
race/ethnicity were also examined. METHODS AND PROCEDURES:
Participants were a subsample of individuals from the
National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add
Health), a nationally representative sample of adolescents
followed from 1995 to 2002. The sample analyzed included a
subset of 1,584 unrelated individuals with genotype data.
Multiple logistic regressions were conducted to evaluate the
associations between genotypes and obesity (BMI > 29.9) or
overweight + obese combined (BMI > or = 25) with normal
weight (BMI = 18.5-24.9) as a referent. Linear regression
models were used to examine change in BMI from adolescence
to young adulthood. RESULTS: Significant associations were
found between SLC6A4 5HTTLPR and categories of BMI, and
between MAOA promoter variable number tandem repeat (VNTR)
among men and categories of BMI. Stratified analyses
revealed that the association between these two genes and
excess BMI was significant for men overall and for white and
Hispanic men specifically. Linear regression models
indicated a significant effect of SLC6A4 5HTTLPR on change
in BMI from adolescence to young adulthood. DISCUSSION: Our
findings lend further support to the involvement of genes
implicated in dopamine and serotonin regulation on energy
balance.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1038/oby.2007.65},
Key = {fds274049}
}
@article{fds274061,
Author = {McClernon, FJ and Fuemmeler, BF and Kollins, SH and Kail, ME and Ashley-Koch, AE},
Title = {Interactions between genotype and retrospective ADHD
symptoms predict lifetime smoking risk in a sample of young
adults.},
Journal = {Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the
Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {117-127},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1462-2203},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18188752},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases
• Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity •
Comorbidity • Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport
Proteins • Female • Genetic Predisposition to
Disease • Humans • Impulse Control Disorders
• Longitudinal Studies • Male • Mixed
Function Oxygenases • Polymorphism, Genetic* •
Receptors, Dopamine D2 • Receptors, Dopamine D3 •
Receptors, Dopamine D4 • Retrospective Studies •
Risk Factors • Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport
Proteins • Smoking • epidemiology* • genetics
• genetics*},
Abstract = {Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are
associated with an increased risk of smoking, and genetic
studies have identified similar candidate genes associated
with both ADHD and smoking phenotypes. This paper addresses
the question of whether ADHD symptoms interact with
candidate gene variation to predict smoking risk.
Participants were a subsample of individuals from the
National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add
Health), a nationally representative sample of adolescents
followed from 1995 to 2002. The sample analyzed included a
subset from Add Health of 1,900 unrelated individuals with
genotype data. Multiple logistic regression was used to
examine relationships between self-reported ADHD symptoms,
genotype, and lifetime history of regular smoking.
Polymorphisms in the DRD2 gene and, among females, the MAOA
gene interacted with retrospective reports of ADHD symptoms
in contributing to risk for smoking. Trends were observed
for interactions between the DRD4 gene and, among males, the
MAOA gene and ADHD symptoms to predict smoking risk. No main
effect for any of these polymorphisms was observed. We
observed neither main effects nor interactions with CYP2A6,
DAT, and SLC6A4 genes. These findings suggest that genotypes
associated with catecholamine neurotransmission interact
with ADHD symptoms to contribute to smoking
risk.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/14622200701704913},
Key = {fds274061}
}
@article{fds274091,
Author = {Laforett, DR and Murray, DW and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Psychosocial treatments for preschool-aged children with
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.},
Journal = {Dev Disabil Res Rev},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {300-310},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {1940-5529},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19072758},
Keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity •
Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders •
Central Nervous System Stimulants • Child, Preschool
• Humans • Psychology • Psychotherapy •
drug therapy • epidemiology • methods* •
therapeutic use • therapy*},
Abstract = {This article reviews the research literature on psychosocial
treatments for preschool-aged children with
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the
context of the developmental and contextual needs of this
population (e.g., increased parenting demands, differences
in classroom structure, and the child's emerging
developmental capacities). Discussion of the findings and
limitations of existing studies is provided for
parent-training approaches, classroom management strategies,
and multimodal treatments. Although the empirical base is
quite small for ADHD-specific samples, parent-training
interventions have the greatest overall support for
improving behavioral outcomes, with a variety of different
approaches having shown effectiveness. Very few studies of
classroom management and multimodal interventions have been
conducted in this age group; however, initial data show
promising results for teacher training and consultation
interventions. The body of research suggests that the most
effective treatments for clinical samples of preschoolers
with ADHD and their families may be individually delivered,
developmentally appropriate, and multimodal.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/ddrr.36},
Key = {fds274091}
}
@article{fds274095,
Author = {Kollins, SH and March, JS},
Title = {Advances in the pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder.},
Journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
Volume = {62},
Number = {9},
Pages = {951-953},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0006-3223},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17950067},
Keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Central
Nervous System Stimulants • Humans • drug therapy*
• therapeutic use*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.08.009},
Key = {fds274095}
}
@article{fds274035,
Author = {Posner, K and Melvin, GA and Murray, DW and Gugga, SS and Fisher, P and Skrobala, A and Cunningham, C and Vitiello, B and Abikoff, HB and Ghuman, JK and Kollins, S and Wigal, SB and Wigal, T and McCracken, JT and McGough, JJ and Kastelic, E and Boorady, R and Davies, M and Chuang, SZ and Swanson, JM and Riddle, MA and Greenhill, LL},
Title = {Clinical presentation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder in preschool children: the Preschoolers with
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Study
(PATS).},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {547-562},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2007.0075},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the
clinical presentation of preschoolers diagnosed with
moderate to severe attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) recruited for the multisite Preschool ADHD Treatment
Study (PATS). The diagnosis and evaluation process will also
be described. METHOD: A comprehensive multidimensional,
multi-informant assessment protocol was implemented
including the semistructured PATS Diagnostic Interview.
Parent and teacher-report measures were used to supplement
information from interviews. Consensus agreement by a
cross-site panel on each participant's diagnoses was
required. Analyses were conducted to describe the sample and
to test associations between ADHD severity and demographic
and clinical variables. RESULTS: The assessment protocol
identified 303 preschoolers (3-5.5 years) with moderate to
severe ADHD Hyperactive/Impulsive or Combined type. The
majority of participants (n = 211, 69.6%) experienced
co-morbid disorders, with oppositional defiant disorder,
communication disorders, and anxiety disorders being the
most common. Participants with co-morbid communication
disorders were found to be more anxious and depressed. ADHD
severity was found to correlate with more internalizing
difficulties and lower functioning. Although boys and girls
had similar symptom presentations, younger children had
significantly higher ADHD severity. CONCLUSIONS:
Preschoolers with moderate to severe ADHD experience high
co-morbidity and impairment, which have implications for
both assessment and treatment.},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2007.0075},
Key = {fds274035}
}
@article{fds274058,
Author = {Ghuman, JK and Riddle, MA and Vitiello, B and Greenhill, LL and Chuang,
SZ and Wigal, SB and Kollins, SH and Abikoff, HB and McCracken, JT and Kastelic, E and Scharko, AM and McGough, JJ and Murray, DW and Evans, L and Swanson, JM and Wigal, T and Posner, K and Cunningham, C and Davies, M and Skrobala, AM},
Title = {Comorbidity moderates response to methylphenidate in the
Preschoolers with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Treatment Study (PATS).},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {563-580},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17979578},
Keywords = {Age Factors • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Attention Deficit and Disruptive
Behavior Disorders • Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Child Behavior Disorders • Child, Preschool
• Double-Blind Method • Education •
Employment • Ethnic Groups • Family • Female
• Humans • Intelligence Tests • Male •
Methylphenidate • Neuropsychological Tests •
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales • Sex Characteristics
• Single-Parent Family • Socioeconomic Factors
• Treatment Outcome • complications •
complications* • drug therapy* • psychology •
therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine whether
demographic or pretreatment clinical and social
characteristics influenced the response to methylphenidate
(MPH) in the Preschoolers with ADHD Treatment Study (PATS).
METHODS: Exploratory moderator analyses were conducted on
the efficacy data from the PATS 5-week, double-blind,
placebo-controlled six-site titration trial. Children (N =
165, age 3-5.5 years) were randomized to 1 week each of four
MPH doses (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mg) and placebo
administered three times per day (t.i.d.). We assessed the
fixed effects on the average slope in the regression outcome
on moderators, weight-adjusted dose, and the
moderator-by-dose interaction using SAS PROC GENMOD.
RESULTS: A significant interaction effect was found for a
number of co-morbid disorders diagnosed in the preschoolers
at baseline (p = 0.005). Preschoolers with three or more
co-morbid disorders did not respond to MPH (Cohen's d at 7.5
mg dose relative to placebo = -0.37) compared to a
significant response in the preschoolers with 0, 1, or 2
co-morbid disorders (Cohen's d = 0.89, 1.00, and 0.56,
respectively). Preschoolers with more co-morbidity were
found to have more family adversity. No significant
interaction effect was found with the other variables.
CONCLUSIONS: In preschoolers with ADHD, the presence of no
or one co-morbid disorder (primarily oppositional defiant
disorder) predicted a large treatment response at the same
level as has been found in school-aged children, and two
co-morbid disorders predicted moderate treatment response;
whereas the presence of three or more co-morbid disorders
predicted no treatment response to MPH.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2007.0071},
Key = {fds274058}
}
@article{fds274068,
Author = {Pettiford, J and Kozink, RV and Lutz, AM and Kollins, SH and Rose, JE and McClernon, FJ},
Title = {Increases in impulsivity following smoking abstinence are
related to baseline nicotine intake and boredom
susceptibility.},
Journal = {Addictive Behaviors},
Volume = {32},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2351-2357},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0306-4603},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17399907},
Keywords = {Adult • Biological Markers • Boredom* •
Cotinine • Female • Humans • Impulsive
Behavior* • Intelligence Tests • Male •
Nicotine • Psychological Tests • Saccades •
Smoking • Smoking Cessation • administration &
dosage* • blood • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Trait impulsivity and response inhibition have been shown to
be related to smoking behavior. One measure of response
inhibition - antisaccade performance, or the ability to
inhibit looking at a novel stimulus - has been shown to be
worsened by smoking abstinence, improved by nicotine
administration and predictive of smoking cessation outcomes.
However, relations between antisaccade performance and
measures of trait impulsivity have not been extensively
evaluated in smokers. In the present study, twelve dependent
smokers (n=12) completed an eye tracking task following
smoking as usual and overnight abstinence; and they
completed baseline measures of trait impulsivity, smoking
history and provided biological samples. As expected,
overnight abstinence significantly increased antisaccade
errors (p<0.002) while having no effect on prosaccade
performance. Abstinence-induced increases in antisaccade
errors were positively correlated with baseline plasma
cotinine and Sensation Seeking Scale Boredom Susceptibility,
and negatively correlated with IQ. These results suggest
that smoking abstinence significantly increases errors of
response inhibition and that the magnitude of this increase
is related to trait impulsivity and nicotine intake
variables.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.02.004},
Key = {fds274068}
}
@article{fds274080,
Author = {Swanson, JM and Moyzis, RK and McGough, JJ and McCracken, JT and Riddle,
MA and Kollins, SH and Greenhill, LL and Abikoff, HB and Wigal, T and Wigal, SB and Posner, K and Skrobala, AM and Davies, M and Ghuman, JK and Cunningham, C and Vitiello, B and Stehli, A and Smalley, SL and Grady,
D},
Title = {Effects of source of DNA on genotyping success rates and
allele percentages in the Preschoolers with
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Study
(PATS).},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {635-646},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17979583},
Keywords = {Alleles • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
• Child, Preschool • DNA • Dopamine Plasma
Membrane Transport Proteins • Female • Gene
Frequency • Genotype • Humans • Logistic
Models • Male • Minisatellite Repeats •
Polymorphism, Genetic • Receptors, Dopamine D4 •
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction •
Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 • Tandem Repeat
Sequences • epidemiology • genetics •
genetics* • isolation & purification},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: In children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) and their parents, who were participants of
the Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS), we assessed the
effect of source of DNA (from buccal or blood cells) on the
genotyping success rate and allele percentages for the five
polymorphisms in three candidate genes (DAT1, DRD4, and SNAP
25) investigated in the PATS pharmacogenetic study of
response to stimulant medication. METHOD: At baseline
assessment, 241 individuals (113 probands and 128 parents)
consented to participate; 144 individuals (52 probands and
92 parents) provided blood samples from venipuncture, and 97
individuals (61 probands and 36 parents) provided buccal
samples from cheek swab as specimens for isolation of DNA.
Three types of polymorphisms-variable number of tandem
repeat (VNTR) polymorphism, tandem duplication polymorphism
(TDP), and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-were
evaluated, including the DRD4 gene 48-bp VNTR in exon III,
the DAT1 gene 40-bp VNTR in 3'-untranslated region, the DRD4
gene TDP 120-bp duplication in the promoter region, the
SNAP-25 gene TC-1069 SNP, and the SNAP-25 gene TG-1065 SNP.
Standard procedures were used to genotype individuals for
each of these five polymorphisms. RESULTS: Using the methods
available in 2004, the genotyping success rate was on the
average much greater for DNA from blood cells than buccal
cells (e.g., 91% vs. 54% in probands). For some
polymorphisms (DRD4-VNTR, DRD4-TDP, and SNAP25-TC SNP),
allele proportion also varied by blood versus buccal source
of DNA (e.g., 26.5% vs. 18.6% for the 7-repeat allele of the
DRD4 gene). CONCLUSIONS: The much lower success rate for
genotyping based on DNA from buccal than blood cells is
likely due to the quality of DNA derived from these two
sources. The observed source differences in allele
proportion may be due to self-selection related to choice of
how specimens were collected (from cheek swab or
venipuncture), or to a selective detection of some alleles
based on differences in DNA quality.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2007.0076},
Key = {fds274080}
}
@article{fds274084,
Author = {Hardy, KK and Kollins, SH and Murray, DW and Riddle, MA and Greenhill,
L and Cunningham, C and Abikoff, HB and McCracken, JT and Vitiello, B and Davies, M and McGough, JJ and Posner, K and Skrobala, AM and Swanson,
JM and Wigal, T and Wigal, SB and Ghuman, JK and Chuang,
SZ},
Title = {Factor structure of parent- and teacher-rated
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in the
Preschoolers with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Treatment Study (PATS).},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {621-634},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17979582},
Keywords = {Attention • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Child Behavior • Child, Preschool
• Data Interpretation, Statistical • Factor
Analysis, Statistical • Female • Humans •
Hyperkinesis • Impulsive Behavior • Male •
Neuropsychological Tests • Parents • Psychiatric
Status Rating Scales • Schools • physiology •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examines one-, two-, and three-factor
models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
using the existing 18 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorder, 4th edition (DSM-IV) symptoms in a sample
of symptomatic preschoolers. METHODS: Parent and/or teacher
ratings of DSM-IV symptoms were obtained for 532 children
(aged 3-5.5) who were screened for the Preschool ADHD
Treatment Study (PATS). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)
using symptoms identified on the Conners' Parent and Teacher
Rating Scales was conducted to assess a two-factor model
representing the DSM-IV dimensions of inattention (IN) and
hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I), a three-factor model
reflecting inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, and
a single-factor model of all ADHD symptoms. Exploratory
factor analysis (EFA) was subsequently used to examine the
latent structure of the data. RESULTS: For parent ratings,
the two-factor and three-factor models were marginally
acceptable according to several widely used fit indices,
whereas the one-factor model failed to meet minimum
thresholds for goodness-of-fit. For teachers, none of the
models was a solid fit for the data. Maximum likelihood EFAs
resulted in satisfactory two and three-factor models for
both parents and teachers, although all models contained
several moderate cross loadings. Factor loadings were
generally concordant with those published for older children
and community-based samples. CONCLUSION: ADHD subtypes
according to current DSM-IV specifications may not be the
best descriptors of the disorder in the preschool age
group.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2007.0073},
Key = {fds274084}
}
@article{fds274086,
Author = {Murray, DW and Kollins, SH and Hardy, KK and Abikoff, HB and Swanson,
JM and Cunningham, C and Vitiello, B and Riddle, MA and Davies, M and Greenhill, LL and McCracken, JT and McGough, JJ and Posner, K and Skrobala, AM and Wigal, T and Wigal, SB and Ghuman, JK and Chuang,
SZ},
Title = {Parent versus teacher ratings of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder symptoms in the Preschoolers with
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Study
(PATS).},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {605-620},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17979581},
Keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Central
Nervous System Stimulants • Child Behavior •
Child, Preschool • Data Interpretation, Statistical
• Female • Humans • Male •
Methylphenidate • Neuropsychological Tests •
Observer Variation • Parents • Psychiatric Status
Rating Scales • Reproducibility of Results •
Schools • adverse effects • drug therapy* •
psychology* • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess parent-teacher concordance on ratings
of DSM-IV symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) in a sample of preschool children referred
for an ADHD treatment study. METHODS: Parent and teacher
symptom ratings were compared for 452 children aged 3-5
years. Agreement was calculated using Pearson correlations,
Cohen's kappa, and conditional probabilities. RESULTS: The
correlations between parent and teacher ratings were low for
both Inattentive (r = .24) and Hyperactive-Impulsive (r =
.26) symptom domains, with individual symptoms ranging from
.01-.28. Kappa values for specific symptoms were even lower.
Conditional probabilities suggest that teachers are only
moderately likely to agree with parents on the presence or
absence of symptoms. Parents were quite likely to agree with
teachers' endorsement of symptoms, but much less likely to
agree when teachers indicated that a symptom was not
present. CONCLUSIONS: Results provide important data
regarding base rates and concordance rates in this age group
and support the hypothesis that preschool-aged children at
risk for ADHD exhibit significant differences in behavior
patterns across settings. Obtaining ratings from multiple
informants is therefore considered critical for obtaining a
full picture of young children's functioning.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2007.0060},
Key = {fds274086}
}
@article{fds274089,
Author = {Vitiello, B and Abikoff, HB and Chuang, SZ and Kollins, SH and McCracken, JT and Riddle, MA and Swanson, JM and Wigal, T and McGough,
JJ and Ghuman, JK and Wigal, SB and Skrobala, AM and Davies, M and Posner,
K and Cunningham, C and Greenhill, LL},
Title = {Effectiveness of methylphenidate in the 10-month
continuation phase of the Preschoolers with
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Study
(PATS).},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {593-604},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17979580},
Keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Central
Nervous System Stimulants • Child, Preschool •
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug • Female • Humans
• Male • Methylphenidate • Neuropsychological
Tests • Parents • Patient Dropouts •
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales • Socioeconomic
Factors • Stress, Psychological • adverse effects
• diagnosis • drug therapy* • psychology
• psychology* • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine
immediate-release methylphenidate effectiveness during the
10-month open-label continuation phase of the Preschoolers
with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Treatment Study (PATS). METHODS: One hundred and forty
preschoolers with ADHD, who had improved with acute
immediate-release methylphenidate (IR-MPH) treatment,
entered a 10-month, open-label medication maintenance at six
sites. Assessments included the Clinical Global
Impression-Severity (CGI-S), CGI-Improvement (CGI-I),
Children's Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS), Swanson, Nolan,
and Pelham Questionnaire (SNAP), Scale Strengths and
Weaknesses of ADHD-Symptoms and Normal Behaviors (SWAN),
Social Competence Scale, Social Skills Rating System (SSRS),
and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF). RESULTS: For
the 95 children who completed the 10-month treatment,
improvement occurred on the CGI-S (p = 0.02), CGI-I (p <
0.01), C-GAS (p = 0.001), and SSRS (p = 0.01). SNAP and SWAN
scores remained stable. Forty five children discontinued: 7
for adverse effects, 7 for behavior worsening, 7 for
switching to long-acting stimulants, 3 for inadequate
benefit, and 21 for other reasons. The mean MPH dose
increased from 14.04 mg/day +/- SD 7.57 (0.71 +/- 0.38 mg/kg
per day) at month 1 to 19.98 mg/day +/- 9.56 (0.92 +/- 0.40
mg/kg per day) at month 10. CONCLUSIONS: With careful
monitoring and gradual medication dose increase, most
preschoolers with ADHD maintained improvement during
long-term IR-MPH treatment. There was substantial
variability in effective and tolerated dosing.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2007.0058},
Key = {fds274089}
}
@article{fds274102,
Author = {Abikoff, HB and Vitiello, B and Riddle, MA and Cunningham, C and Greenhill, LL and Swanson, JM and Chuang, SZ and Davies, M and Kastelic,
E and Wigal, SB and Evans, L and Ghuman, JK and Kollins, SH and McCracken,
JT and McGough, JJ and Murray, DW and Posner, K and Skrobala, AM and Wigal,
T},
Title = {Methylphenidate effects on functional outcomes in the
Preschoolers with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Treatment Study (PATS).},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {581-592},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17979579},
Keywords = {Affect • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
• Central Nervous System Stimulants • Child
Behavior • Child, Preschool • Data Interpretation,
Statistical • Double-Blind Method • Emotions
• Female • Humans • Male •
Methylphenidate • Parents • Schools • Social
Behavior • Stress, Psychological • Treatment
Outcome • drug effects • drug therapy* •
physiology • psychology • psychology* •
therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the
effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on functional outcomes,
including children's social skills, classroom behavior,
emotional status, and parenting stress, during the 4-week,
double-blind placebo controlled phase of the Preschoolers
with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Treatment Study (PATS). METHODS: A total of 114 preschoolers
who had improved with acute MPH treatment, were randomized
to their best MPH dose (M = 14.22 mg/day; n = 63) or placebo
(PL; n = 51). Assessments included the Clinical Global
Impression-Severity (CGI-S), parent and teacher versions of
the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD-Symptoms and Normal
Behaviors (SWAN), Social Competence Scale (SCS), Social
Skills Rating System (SSRS), and Early Childhood Inventory
(ECI), and Parenting Stress Index (PSI). RESULTS: Medication
effects varied by informant and outcome measure. Parent
measures and teacher SWAN scores did not differentially
improve with MPH. Parent-rated depression (p < 0.02) and
dysthymia (p < 0.001) on the ECI worsened with MPH, but
scores were not in the clinical range. Significant
medication effects were found on clinician CGI-S (p <
0.0001) and teacher social competence ratings (SCS, p <
0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Preschoolers with ADHD treated with MPH
for 4 weeks improve in some aspects of functioning.
Additional improvements might require longer treatment,
higher doses, and/or intensive behavioral treatment in
combination with medication.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2007.0068},
Key = {fds274102}
}
@article{fds274083,
Author = {Kratochvil, CJ and Vaughan, BS and Mayfield-Jorgensen, ML and March,
JS and Kollins, SH and Murray, DW and Ravi, H and Greenhill, LL and Kotler,
LA and Paykina, N and Biggins, P and Stoner, J},
Title = {A pilot study of atomoxetine in young children with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {175-185},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17489712},
Keywords = {Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors • Age Factors •
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Child
• Child, Preschool • Feasibility Studies •
Female • Humans • Male • Pilot Projects
• Propylamines • Severity of Illness Index •
Treatment Outcome • adverse effects • drug
therapy* • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the
effectiveness and tolerability of atomoxetine during acute
treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
in 5 and 6 year olds. METHOD: Twenty two children (male n =
19, 86%) with ADHD were treated with atomoxetine for 8 weeks
in a three-site, open-label pilot study. Dosing was
flexible, with titration to a maximum of 1.8 mg/kg per day.
Parent education on behavior management was provided as part
of each pharmacotherapy visit. RESULTS: Subjects
demonstrated a mean decrease of 20.68 points (SD = 12.80, p
< 0.001)) on the ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-IV-RS) total
score, 10.18 (SD = 7.48, p < 0.001) on the inattentive
subscale and 10.50 (SD = 7.04, p < 0.001) on the
hyperactive/impulsive subscale. Clinical Global
Impression-Severity (CGI-S) was improved in 82% of the
children (95% CI, 66-98%) and Children's Global Assessment
(CGAS) scores improved 18.91 points on average (SD = 12.20,
p < 0.001). The mean final dose of atomoxetine was 1.25
mg/kg per day (SD = 0.35 mg/kg per day). Mood lability was
the most commonly reported adverse event (n = 12, 54.5%).
Eleven subjects (50%) reported decreased appetite and a mean
weight loss of 1.04 kg (SD = 0.80 kg) (p < 0.001) was
observed for the group. Vital sign changes were mild and not
clinically significant. There were no discontinuations due
to adverse events or lack of efficacy. CONCLUSION:
Atomoxetine was generally effective for reducing core ADHD
symptoms in the 5 and 6 year olds in this open-label
study.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2006.0143},
Key = {fds274083}
}
@article{fds314754,
Author = {Levin, FR},
Title = {ADHD and Sustance Abuse Update},
Journal = {American Journal on Addictions},
Volume = {16},
Number = {s1},
Pages = {1-4},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1055-0496},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000244389100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1080/10550490601082726},
Key = {fds314754}
}
@article{fds274099,
Author = {Fuemmeler, BF and Kollins, SH and McClernon, FJ},
Title = {Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms predict
nicotine dependence and progression to regular smoking from
adolescence to young adulthood.},
Journal = {Journal of Pediatric Psychology},
Volume = {32},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1203-1213},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0146-8693},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17602186},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder
with Hyperactivity • Disease Progression • Disease
Susceptibility • Female • Humans • Male
• Regression Analysis • Retrospective Studies
• Risk Factors • Smoking • Tobacco Use
Disorder • United States • epidemiology •
epidemiology* • prevention & control •
psychology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between
retrospectively reported attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) symptoms and progression to smoking and the
association with nicotine dependence. METHODS: Study sample
consisted of a nationally representative cohort of U.S.
adolescents (n = 13,494). Logistic regression was used to
examine ADHD symptoms from both the inattentive (IN) and
hyperactive-impulsive (HI) domains and smoking trajectories.
Linear regression was used to examine nicotine dependence.
RESULTS: HI symptoms were associated with progression from
nonsmoking to regular smoking (OR = 1.14, 95% CI =
1.07-1.21), and with progression from experimentation to
regular smoking (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.08-1.26). IN and HI
symptoms were associated with nicotine dependence among
current smokers (IN: beta = 0.17, SE = 0.03, p < 0.0001; HI:
beta = 0.10, SE = 0.04., p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: These
results have important implications for the development of
prevention and treatment modalities.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1093/jpepsy/jsm051},
Key = {fds274099}
}
@article{fds274100,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {Abuse liability of medications used to treat
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD).},
Journal = {American Journal on Addictions},
Volume = {16 Suppl 1},
Pages = {35-42},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1055-0496},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17453605},
Keywords = {Age of Onset • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Child • Drug Therapy • Humans •
Narcotics • Substance-Related Disorders • adverse
effects* • drug therapy* • epidemiology* •
etiology* • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {The use of psychostimulants to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) has been controversial for a number of
reasons. In an effort to clarify the extent to which the
psychostimulant methylphenidate has abuse potential, the
existing published evidence has been reviewed and is
summarized here, with an emphasis on delineating a number of
related but independent issues that are often confused. The
existing evidence reviewed is pertinent to three questions:
Does stimulant drug use increase the risk for substance
abuse later in life? Do ADHD medications have the potential
for abuse?, and What is the distinction between drug abuse
and misuse/diversion with respect to ADHD
medication?},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/10550490601082775},
Key = {fds274100}
}
@article{fds274029,
Author = {McGOUGH, J and McCRACKEN, J and Swanson, J and Riddle, M and Kollins, S and Greenhill, L and Abikoff, H and Davies, M and Chuang, S and Wigal, T and Wigal, S and Posner, K and Skrobala, A and Kastelic, E and Ghuman, J and Cunningham, C and Shigawa, S and Moyzis, R and Vitiello,
B},
Title = {Pharmacogenetics of methylphenidate response in preschoolers
with ADHD.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {45},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1314-1322},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000235083.40285.08},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The authors explored genetic moderators of
symptom reduction and side effects in methylphenidate-treated
preschool-age children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). METHOD: DNA was isolated from 81 subjects
in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover
methylphenidate titration. Parents and teachers completed
ADHD symptom scales and side effect ratings for each of five
randomly administered weekly conditions that included
immediate-release methylphenidate 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 mg and
placebo given three times daily. Candidate genes
hypothesized to influence stimulant effects or individual
risks for ADHD were genotyped. RESULTS: Although the primary
analysis did not indicate significant genetic effects,
secondary analyses revealed associations between symptom
response and variants at the dopamine receptor (DRD4)
promoter (p=.05) and synaptosomal-associated protein 25
(SNAP25) allelesT1065G (p=.03) andT1069C (p=.05). SNAP25
variants were also associated with tics (p=.02),
buccal-lingual movements (p=.01), and irritability (p=04).
DRD4 variants were also associated with picking (p=.03).
Increasing dose predicted irritability (p=.05) and social
withdrawal (p=.03) with DRD4 variants. There were no
significant effects for the dopamine transporter (DAT1).
CONCLUSIONS: Emerging evidence suggests the potential for
understanding the individual variability of response to and
side effects of ADHD medications from the study of genetics,
although additional research is required before these
findings are proven to have clinical utility.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.chi.0000235083.40285.08},
Key = {fds274029}
}
@article{fds274031,
Author = {Kollins, S and Greenhill, L and Swanson, J and Wigal, S and Abikoff, H and McCRACKEN, J and Riddle, M and McGOUGH, J and Vitiello, B and Wigal, T and Skrobala, A and Posner, K and Ghuman, J and Davies, M and Cunningham, C and Bauzo, A},
Title = {Rationale, design, and methods of the Preschool ADHD
Treatment Study (PATS).},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {45},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1275-1283},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000235074.86919.dc},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe the rationale and design of the
Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS). METHOD: PATS was a
National Institutes of Mental Health-funded, multicenter,
randomized, efficacy trial designed to evaluate the
short-term (5 weeks) efficacy and long-term (40 weeks)
safety of methylphenidate (MPH) in preschoolers with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Three
hundred three subjects ages 3 to 5.5 years old who met
criteria for a primary DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD entered the
trial. Subjects participated in an 8-phase, 70-week trial
that included screening, parent training, baseline,
open-label safety lead-in, double-blind crossover titration,
double-blind parallel efficacy, open-label maintenance, and
double-blind discontinuation. Medication response was
assessed during the crossover titration phase using a
combination of parent and teacher ratings. Special ethical
considerations throughout the trial warranted a number of
design changes. RESULTS: This report describes the design of
this trial, the rationale for reevaluation and modification
of the design, and the methods used to conduct the trial.
CONCLUSIONS: The PATS adds to a limited literature and
improves our understanding of the safety and efficacy of MPH
in the treatment of preschoolers with ADHD, but changes in
the design and problems in implementation of this study
impose some specific limitations that need to be addressed
in future studies.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.chi.0000235074.86919.dc},
Key = {fds274031}
}
@article{fds274032,
Author = {Wigal, T and Greenhill, L and Chuang, S and McGOUGH, J and Vitiello, B and Skrobala, A and Swanson, J and Wigal, S and Abikoff, H and Kollins, S and McCRACKEN, J and Riddle, M and Posner, K and Ghuman, J and Davies, M and Thorp, B and Stehli, A},
Title = {Safety and tolerability of methylphenidate in preschool
children with ADHD.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {45},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1294-1303},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000235082.63156.27},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To report on the safety and tolerability of
methylphenidate (MPH) 3- to 5-year-old children with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during 1
year of treatment. METHOD: Exactly 183 children (3-5 years
old) entered a treatment study of MPH, consisting of a
1-week open-label lead-in (n=183); a 5-week
placebo-controlled, double-blind phase (n=165); a 5-week
double-blind, parallel phase (n=114); and 10 months of
open-label maintenance (n=140 entered, 95 completed). Mean
total daily MPH doses rose from the titration trial best
dose, 14.1 (+/-8.1) mg/day, to 20.5 (+/-9.7) mg/day mean
total daily dose at the end of maintenance. Pulse, blood
pressure, and the presence of treatment emergent adverse
events (AEs), parent and teacher AE ratings, and vital signs
were recorded in each phase. RESULTS: Thirty percent of
parents spontaneously reported moderate to severe AEs in all
study phases after baseline. These included emotional
outbursts, difficulty falling asleep, repetitive
behaviors/thoughts, appetite decrease, and irritability.
During titration, decreased appetite (chi=5.4, p<.03),
trouble sleeping (chi=5.4, p<.03), and weight loss (chi=4.0,
p<.05) occurred statistically more often on MPH than on
placebo. During maintenance, trouble sleeping and appetite
loss persisted and other MPH-related AEs decreased. There
were transient, one-time pulse and blood pressure elevations
in five children. Twenty-one children (11%) discontinued
because of drug-attributed AEs. CONCLUSIONS: Eleven percent
of preschoolers discontinued treatment because of
intolerable MPH AEs. Of the serious AEs reported, one
occurred in baseline, two in lead-in, three in titration,
one in parallel, and one in maintenance. Only one was
possibly related to MPH.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.chi.0000235082.63156.27},
Key = {fds274032}
}
@article{fds274033,
Author = {Greenhill, L and Kollins, S and Abikoff, H and McCracken, J and Riddle,
M and Swanson, J and McGough, J and Wigal, S and Wigal, T and Vitiello, B and Skrobala, A and Posner, K and Ghuman, J and Cunningham, C and Davies, M and Chuang, S and Cooper, T},
Title = {Efficacy and safety of immediate-release methylphenidate
treatment for preschoolers with ADHD.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {45},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1284-1293},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000235077.32661.61},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS) was a
NIMH-funded, six-center, randomized, controlled trial to
determine the efficacy and safety of immediate-release
methylphenidate (MPH-IR), given t.i.d. to children ages 3 to
5.5 years with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD). METHOD: The 8-phase, 70-week PATS protocol included
two double-blind, controlled phases, a crossover-titration
trial followed by a placebo-controlled parallel trial. The
crossover-titration phase's primary efficacy measure was a
combined score from the Swanson, Kotkin, Atkins, M-Flynn,
and Pelham (SKAMP) plus the Conners, Loney, and Milich
(CLAM) rating scales; the parallel phase's primary outcome
measure was excellent response, based on composite scores on
the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham (SNAP) rating scale. RESULTS:
Of 303 preschoolers enrolled, 165 were randomized into the
titration trial. Compared with placebo, significant
decreases in ADHD symptoms were found on MPH at 2.5 mg
(p<.01), 5 mg (p<.001), and 7.5 mg (p<.001) t.i.d. doses,
but not for 1.25 mg (p<.06). The mean optimal MPH total
daily dose for the entire group was 14.2 +/- 8.1 mg/day
(0.7+/-0.4 mg/kg/day). For the preschoolers (n=114) later
randomized into the parallel phase, only 21% on best-dose
MPH and 13% on placebo achieved MTA-defined categorical
criterion for remission set for school-age children with
ADHD. CONCLUSIONS: MPH-IR, delivered in 2.5-, 5-, and 7.5-mg
doses t.i.d., produced significant reductions on ADHD
symptom scales in preschoolers compared to placebo, although
effect sizes (0.4-0.8) were smaller than those cited for
school-age children on the same medication.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.chi.0000235077.32661.61},
Key = {fds274033}
}
@article{fds274034,
Author = {Swanson, J and Greenhill, L and Wigal, T and Kollins, S and Stehli, A and Davies, M and Chuang, S and Vitiello, B and Skrobala, A and Posner, K and Abikoff, H and Oatis, M and McCRACKEN, J and McGOUGH, J and Riddle, M and Ghuman, J and Cunningham, C and Wigal, S},
Title = {Stimulant-related reductions of growth rates in the
PATS.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {45},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1304-1313},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000235075.25038.5a},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate growth of children with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the
Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS) before and after
initiation of treatment with methylphenidate at titrated
doses (average, 14.2 mg/day) administered three times daily,
7 days/week for asymptotically equal to1 year. METHOD: The
heights and weights of 140 children with ADHD were measured
up to 29 times in the PATS protocol, starting at an average
age of 4.4 years. The relationship between standard (z)
scores and time on medication was examined using
mixed-effect regression to estimate change in relative size
(slope). RESULTS: Average relative size at baseline was
significantly (p<.0001) greater than zero for z height
(+0.45) and z weight (+0.78), indicating greater than
expected height (by 2.04 cm) and weight (by 1.78 kg). During
treatment, slopes were significantly (p<.0001) less than
zero for z height (-0.304/yr) and z weight (-0.530/yr),
indicating reduction of growth rates. For 95 children who
remained on medication, annual growth rates were 20.3% less
than expected for height (5.41 cm/yr-6.79 cm/yr=-1.38 cm/yr)
and 55.2% for weight (1.07 kg/yr-2.39 kg/yr=-1.32 kg/yr).
CONCLUSIONS: Risks of reduced growth rates should be
balanced against expected benefits when preschool-age
children are treated with stimulant medication.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.chi.0000235075.25038.5a},
Key = {fds274034}
}
@article{fds274045,
Author = {Epstein, JN and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Psychometric properties of an adult ADHD diagnostic
interview.},
Journal = {Journal of Attention Disorders},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {504-514},
Year = {2006},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1087-0547},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16481667},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder
with Hyperactivity • Female • Humans •
Interview, Psychological* • Male • Middle Aged
• Psychometrics • Reproducibility of Results
• Severity of Illness Index • diagnosis* •
statistics & numerical data},
Abstract = {Although research has been conducted to support the
psychometric properties of rating scales used to assess ADHD
in adults, little work has been published examining
semi-structured interviews to assess ADHD in adults. The
present study examined the test-retest reliability and
concurrent validity of the Conners Adult ADHD Diagnostic
Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) in a sample (N = 30) of patients
referred to an outpatient clinic. Kappa statistics for
individual symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity
were in the fair to good range for current report and
retrospective childhood report. Kappa values for overall
diagnosis, which included all DSM-IV symptoms, were fair for
both current (adult) ADHD diagnosis (kappa = .67) and
childhood report (kappa = .69). Concurrent validity was
demonstrated for adult hyperactive-impulsive symptoms and
child inattentive symptoms. The findings are discussed in
the context of overall issues pertaining to adult ADHD
assessment.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054705283575},
Key = {fds274045}
}
@article{fds274030,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Greenhill, L},
Title = {Evidence base for the use of stimulant medication in
preschool children with ADHD},
Journal = {Infants & Young Children},
Volume = {19},
Number = {2},
Pages = {132-141},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0896-3746},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001163-200604000-00006},
Abstract = {Increasingly, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) is being recognized as a valid disorder in
preschool-aged children. There are only limited data
available, however, to provide useful guidelines for the
pharmacological management of this impairing condition in
this age range. This article (1) reviews the available
studies on stimulant treatment in preschoolers with ADHD;
(2) provides an overview of the recently completed National
Institute of Mental Health-funded Preschool ADHD Treatment
Study (PATS); (3) highlights special considerations in
conducting psychopharmacological research in this age range;
and (4) provides clinical guidelines for managing the ADHD
in preschoolers on the basis of available evidence.
©2006Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1097/00001163-200604000-00006},
Key = {fds274030}
}
@article{fds274074,
Author = {Preston, RJ and Kollins, SH and Swanson, JM and Greenhill, LL and Wigal,
T and Elliott, GR and Vitiello, B},
Title = {Comments on 'Cytogenetic effects in children treated with
methylphenidate' by El-Zein et al.},
Journal = {Cancer Letters},
Volume = {230},
Number = {2},
Pages = {292-294},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0304-3835},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16019134},
Keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Central
Nervous System Stimulants • Child • Chromosome
Aberrations • Humans • Lymphocytes •
Methylphenidate • Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective
• Mutagenicity Tests • Reproducibility of Results
• Research Design* • Sister Chromatid Exchange
• adverse effects* • chemically induced •
chemically induced* • drug effects • drug therapy
• therapeutic use},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.canlet.2005.05.038},
Key = {fds274074}
}
@article{fds274052,
Author = {MacDonald Fredericks and E and Kollins, SH},
Title = {A pilot study of methylphenidate preference assessment in
children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder.},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {15},
Number = {5},
Pages = {729-741},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1044-5463},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16262590},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Child • Double-Blind Method •
Female • Humans • Male • Methylphenidate
• Pilot Projects • Reinforcement (Psychology)
• drug therapy* • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The use of methylphenidate (MPH) in the treatment
of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is widely
accepted; however, there is increased concern regarding its
abuse potential. Few studies have examined the reinforcing
effects of drugs in individuals receiving them for clinical
purposes. This study attempts to assess MPH preference in
children with ADHD using a choice procedure in order to
explore the relationship among drug preference, clinical
efficacy, and abuse potential. METHODS: Participants were 5
children (10-14 years of age) receiving MPH for the
treatment of ADHD. Reinforcing effects were assessed using a
double-blind choice procedure, with six sampling sessions
and six choice sessions. Participant-rated effects were
measured using self-report questionnaires. Clinical effects
were measured using direct observations and behavior
ratings. RESULTS: Differences between the number of MPH,
Placebo, and Neither choices across participants were
significant (chi2 = 9.6; p < 0.01). Three of five
participants reliably chose MPH more often than placebo. MPH
produced idiosyncratic patterns of participant-rated effects
but failed to produce significant clinical effects.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings add to the literature on the
reinforcing effects of MPH and are the first reported in a
clinical sample of children. Further research exploring the
role of clinical efficacy in MPH preference is
warranted.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/cap.2005.15.729},
Key = {fds274052}
}
@article{fds274060,
Author = {Kollins, SH and McClernon, FJ and Fuemmeler, BF},
Title = {Association between smoking and attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder symptoms in a population-based sample of young
adults.},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {62},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1142-1147},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16203959},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Age of Onset • Attention
Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Cognition
Disorders • Comorbidity • Female • Follow-Up
Studies • Health Surveys • Humans • Impulse
Control Disorders • Longitudinal Studies • Male
• Retrospective Studies • Risk Factors •
Smoking • Tobacco Use Disorder • diagnosis •
epidemiology • epidemiology* •
psychology},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has
been associated with increased risk of smoking, and some
studies have suggested that inattentive symptoms
specifically may underlie this risk. Few studies, however,
have examined ADHD symptoms in nonclinical samples to
determine the extent to which the number of
symptoms-independent of the full diagnosis-confer risk for
smoking-related outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the
relation between smoking-related variables and the number of
retrospectively reported ADHD inattentive and
hyperactive/impulsive symptoms in a population-based sample
of young adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The
study population consists of 15 197 eligible participants
from wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of
Adolescent Health, a nationally representative sample of
adolescents followed from 1995 to 2002. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES: Logistic regression was used to examine the
relation between self-reported ADHD symptoms and the
lifetime likelihood of being a regular smoker, defined by
having smoked at least 1 cigarette a day for 30 days. For
individuals reporting regular smoking, we also examined the
extent to which ADHD symptoms predicted age at onset of
regular smoking and number of cigarettes smoked. RESULTS: A
linear relation was identified between the number of
self-reported inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms
and smoking outcome measures (P<.001 for each symptom
domain). Controlling for demographic and conduct disorder
symptoms, each reported inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity
symptom significantly increased the likelihood of ever
regular smoking (odds ratio [OR], 1.11; 95% confidence
interval [CI], 1.08-1.14 and OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.13-1.19,
respectively). For those reporting lifetime regular smoking,
reported symptoms decreased the estimated age at onset and
increased the number of cigarettes smoked. CONCLUSIONS:
Self-reported ADHD symptoms were found to be associated with
adult smoking outcome variables in this nationally
representative sample, providing further evidence of a
likely link between ADHD symptoms and risk for tobacco
use.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.62.10.1142},
Key = {fds274060}
}
@article{fds274104,
Author = {Wigal, SB and McGough, JJ and McCracken, JT and Biederman, J and Spencer, TJ and Posner, KL and Wigal, TL and Kollins, SH and Clark, TM and Mays, DA and Zhang, Y and Tulloch, SJ},
Title = {A laboratory school comparison of mixed amphetamine salts
extended release (Adderall XR) and atomoxetine (Strattera)
in school-aged children with attention deficit/hyperactivity
disorder.},
Journal = {Journal of Attention Disorders},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {275-289},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1087-0547},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16371674},
Keywords = {Amphetamines • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Child • Delayed-Action Preparations •
Double-Blind Method • Drug Administration Schedule
• Female • Humans • Male •
Norepinephrine • Propylamines • Treatment Outcome
• administration & dosage • drug therapy* •
metabolism • pharmacology • therapeutic use •
therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {Mixed amphetamine salts extended release (MAS XR; Adderall
XR) and atomoxetine (Strattera) were compared in children 6
to 12 years old with attention deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) combined or hyperactive/impulsive type in a
randomized, double-blind, multicenter, parallel-group,
forced-dose-escalation laboratory school study. Primary
efficacy measure was the SKAMP (Swanson, Kotkin, Agler,
M-Flynn, and Pelham) behavioral rating scale. Changes in
mean SKAMP deportment scores from baseline were
significantly greater for MAS XR (n = 102) than for
atomoxetine (n = 101) overall (-0.56 and -0.13,
respectively; p < .0001) and at each week (p < .001).
Adverse events were similar for both treatment groups. The
extended time course of action and greater therapeutic
efficacy of MAS XR suggests that it is more effective than
atomoxetine in children with ADHD.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054705281121},
Key = {fds274104}
}
@article{fds274070,
Author = {Fredericks, EM and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Assessing methylphenidate preference in ADHD patients using
a choice procedure.},
Journal = {Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {175},
Number = {4},
Pages = {391-398},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0033-3158},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15258716},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Attention Deficit Disorder
with Hyperactivity • Central Nervous System Stimulants*
• Choice Behavior • Dose-Response Relationship,
Drug • Double-Blind Method • Female • Humans
• Male • Methylphenidate* • Questionnaires
• Reinforcement (Psychology) • Substance-Related
Disorders • drug effects* • drug therapy* •
psychology • psychology* • therapeutic
use},
Abstract = {RATIONALE: Methylphenidate (MPH) is widely used in the
treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
and is associated with positive clinical effects across a
wide range of domains. Despite the clinical effectiveness of
MPH, concern has arisen with respect to its abuse potential.
OBJECTIVES: To assess MPH preference in adults diagnosed
with ADHD using a choice procedure and to evaluate the
relationship among drug preference, therapeutic efficacy,
and abuse potential in a clinical sample. METHODS:
Participants were ten volunteers (ages 18-22 years) with
ADHD who were receiving MPH treatment. Preference was
assessed using a double-blind choice procedure with four
sampling sessions wherein subjects received either placebo
or MPH and eight choice sessions when they chose either
capsule or no capsules. RESULTS: Overall, MPH was chosen
significantly more often than placebo (chi2=52.5; P<0.001)
and participants were equally separated into groups of those
who chose MPH reliably (MPH choosers) and those who did not
(MPH non-choosers). MPH decreased ADHD symptoms and resulted
in lower ratings of stimulant effects among MPH choosers.
MPH choosers also reported higher levels of baseline ADHD
symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Despite higher preference of MPH than
placebo in this clinical sample, other measures of abuse
potential were not elevated, and MPH choosers were more
symptomatic than non-choosers. As such, MPH preference in
ADHD populations likely reflects therapeutic efficacy rather
than abuse potential. Future work should examine MPH choice
in diagnosed and non-diagnosed populations to further
explore the role of clinical efficacy in the preference of
this stimulant drug.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s00213-004-1838-2},
Key = {fds274070}
}
@article{fds274028,
Author = {Swanson, JM and Wigal, SB and Wigal, T and Sonuga-Barke, E and Greenhill, LL and Biederman, J and Kollins, S and Nguyen, AS and DeCory,
HH and Hirshe Dirksen and SJ and Hatch, SJ and COMACS Study
Group},
Title = {A comparison of once-daily extended-release methylphenidate
formulations in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder in the laboratory school (the Comacs
Study).},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {113},
Number = {3 Pt 1},
Pages = {e206-e216},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1098-4275},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.113.3.e206},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate
differences in the pharmacodynamic (PD) profile of 2
second-generation extended-release (ER) formulations of
methylphenidate (MPH): Metadate CD (MCD; methylphenidate
HCl, US Pharmacopeia) extended-release capsules, CII, and
Concerta (CON; methylphenidate HCl) extended-release
tablets, CII. Little empirical information exists to help
the clinician compare the PD effects of the available ER
formulations on attention and behavior. Previous studies
have shown that the near-equal doses of MCD and CON provide
equivalent, total exposure to MPH as measured by area under
the plasma concentration time curve, yet their
pharmacokinetic (PK) plasma concentration versus time
profiles are different. We previously offered a theoretical
PK/PD account of the similarities and differences among
available ER formulations based on the hypothesis that all
formulations produce effects related to MPH delivered by 2
processes: 1) an initial bolus dose of immediate-release
(IR) MPH that is expected to achieve peak plasma
concentration in the early morning and have rapid onset of
efficacy within 2 hours of dosing, which for the MCD capsule
is delivered by 30% of the total daily dose as uncoated
beads and for the CON tablet is delivered by an overcoat of
22% of the total daily dose; and 2) an extended, controlled
delivery of ER MPH that is expected to achieve peak plasma
concentrations in the afternoon to maintain efficacy for a
programmed period of time after the peak of the initial
bolus, which for the MCD capsule is delivered by
polymer-coated beads and for the CON tablet by an
osmotic-release oral system. According to this PK/PD model,
clinical superiority is expected at any point in time for
the formulation with the highest MPH plasma concentration.
METHODS: This was a multisite, double-blind, double-dummy,
3-way crossover study of 2 active treatments (MCD and CON)
and placebo (PLA). Children with confirmed diagnoses of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder were stratified to
receive bioequivalent doses of MCD and CON that were
considered to be low (20 mg of MCD and 18 mg of CON), medium
(40 mg of MCD and 36 mg of CON), or high (60 mg of MCD and
54 mg of CON), and in a randomized order each of the study
treatments was administered once daily in the morning for 1
week. On the seventh day of each treatment week, children
attended a laboratory school, where surrogate measures of
response were obtained by using teacher ratings of attention
and deportment and a record of permanent product of
performance on a 10-minute math test at each of the 7
classroom sessions spread across the day at 1.5-hour
intervals. Safety was assessed by patient reports of adverse
events, parent ratings on a stimulant side-effects scale,
and measurement of vital signs. RESULTS: The analyses of
variance revealed large, statistically significant main
effects for the within-subject factor of treatment for all 3
outcome measures (deportment, attention, and permanent
product). The interactions of treatment x session were also
highly significant for all 3 outcome measures. Inspection of
the PD profiles for the treatment x session interactions
suggested 4 patterns of efficacy across the day: 1) PLA >
MCD approximately CON (PLA superiority) immediately after
dosing; 2) MCD > CON > PLA during the morning (MCD
superiority); 3) MCD approximately CON > PLA during the
afternoon (PD equivalence of MCD and CON); and 4) CON > MCD
approximately PLA in the early evening (CON superiority).
The effect of site was significant, because some study
centers had low and some high scores for behavior in the lab
classroom, but both the low- and high-scoring sites showed
similar PD patterns across the day. The interaction of dose
x treatment was not significant, indicating that the pattern
of treatment effects was consistent across each dose level.
There were no statistically significant overall differences
among the 3 treatments for the frequency of
treatment-emergent adverse events, ratings of side effects,
or vital signs. Two additional PK/PD questions were
addressed: 1. The a priori hypothesis called for a
comparison of the average of sessions (removing session as a
factor) during a time period that corresponds to the length
of a typical school day (from 1.5 through 7.5 hours after
dosing). For the planned contrast of the 2 treatment
conditions (MCD versus CON), the difference was significant,
confirming the a priori hypothesis of superiority of
near-equal daily doses of MCD over CON for this predefined
postdosing period. 2. In the design of the study, the dose
factor represented the total daily dose, consisting of 2
components: the initial bolus doses of IR MPH, which differ
for the near-equal total daily doses of MCD and CON, and the
reservoir doses of ER MPH, which were the same for the 2
formulations. To evaluate the moderating effects of the
bolus component of dose on outcome, average effect size (ES)
was calculated for the efficacy outcomes at the time of
expected peak PK concentration times of the initial bolus
component for each formulation at the 3 dose levels. The
correlation (r) of ES with IR MPH bolus dose was significant
for each of the 3 outcome measures (r approximately .9),
indicating that the magnitude of effects in the early
morning may be attributed to the dose administered by the IR
MPH bolus of each formulation. For the 2 dose conditions
with equal 12-mg IR MPH boluses (MCD 40 and CON 54), the ESs
were large and indistinguishable (eg, deportment ES
approximately 0.75 for both). CONCLUSIONS: Once-daily doses
of MCD and CON produced statistically significantly
different PD effects on surrogate measures of behavior and
performance among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder in the laboratory school setting. As predicted by
the PK/PD model, superiority at any point in time was
achieved by the formulation with the highest expected plasma
MPH concentration.},
Doi = {10.1542/peds.113.3.e206},
Key = {fds274028}
}
@article{fds274076,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {Delay discounting is associated with substance use in
college students.},
Journal = {Addictive Behaviors},
Volume = {28},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1167-1173},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0306-4603},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12834659},
Keywords = {Adult • Age Factors • Alcohol Drinking •
Choice Behavior* • Female • Humans •
Impulsive Behavior • Male • Reward • Smoking
• Students • Substance-Related Disorders •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {This study investigated whether a measure of delay
discounting was associated with substance use variables in a
sample of college students. Participants (N=47) completed a
substance use survey and a delay-discounting measure that
asked them to make a series of choices between a fixed
amount of hypothetical money to be delivered immediately and
a larger amount to be delivered after a range of delays.
Discounting values were significantly associated with a
number of substance use variables, most notably age of first
alcohol use (r=-.34; P<.05), age of first smoking (r=-.51;
P<.05), age of first marijuana use (r=-.48; P<.05), number
of times "passed out" from alcohol use (r=.73; P<.01), and
total number of illicit drugs used (r=.32; P<.05).
Individuals reporting more illicit drug use and younger ages
of first use tend to discount the value of future
hypothetical rewards more steeply than their
peers.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/s0306-4603(02)00220-4},
Key = {fds274076}
}
@article{fds274072,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {Comparing the abuse potential of methylphenidate versus
other stimulants: a review of available evidence and
relevance to the ADHD patient.},
Journal = {The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry},
Volume = {64 Suppl 11},
Pages = {14-18},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {0160-6689},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14529325},
Keywords = {Adult • Animals • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Brain • Central Nervous System
Stimulants • Cocaine • Dextroamphetamine •
Humans • Methylphenidate • Reinforcement
(Psychology) • Substance-Related Disorders •
adverse effects • adverse effects* • drug effects
• drug therapy* • epidemiology • etiology*
• metabolism • pharmacokinetics • prevention
& control • therapeutic use},
Abstract = {The use of psychostimulants to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) has been controversial for a number of
reasons. In an effort to clarify the extent to which the
psychostimulant methylphenidate has abuse potential, the
existing published evidence has been reviewed and is
summarized here, with an emphasis on delineating a number of
related but independent issues that are often confused.
Methylphenidate produces behavioral effects associated with
abuse potential as assessed by traditional assays, but the
relevance of this literature to the clinical use of the drug
in the treatment of ADHD is ambiguous at best. Existing
neuropharmacologic data suggest that methylphenidate has
pharmacokinetic properties that reduce its abuse potential
as compared with other stimulant drugs of abuse, such as
cocaine.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds274072}
}
@article{fds274110,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Rush, CR},
Title = {Sensitization to the cardiovascular but not subject-rated
effects of oral cocaine in humans.},
Journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {143-150},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0006-3223},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11822993},
Keywords = {Administration, Oral • Adult • Arousal •
Blood Pressure • Cocaine • Cocaine-Related
Disorders • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug •
Double-Blind Method • Female • Heart Rate •
Humans • Male • Personality Inventory • drug
effects* • pharmacology* • physiology •
physiopathology* • psychology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Despite a substantial nonhuman literature in the
area, few studies have experimentally evaluated the effects
of repeated stimulant administration in human participants.
This study examined the effects of repeated cocaine in
individuals with histories of abuse and dependence. METHODS:
Twenty-two individuals with recent histories of cocaine
abuse received under double-blind conditions, in
pseudorandom order, four administrations of oral cocaine
(150 mg [n = 14] or 200 mg [n = 8]) and two administrations
of placebo. All administrations were given on separate days.
Cardiovascular measures were collected and included heart
rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, mean arterial
pressure, and pressure rate product. Subject-rated effects
were assessed using the Addiction Research Center Inventory
(ARCI) and a 15-item drug-effect questionnaire. RESULTS:
There were significant differences between placebo days and
cocaine days in both cardiovascular and subject-rated
effects. Moreover, three of five cardiovascular measures
analyzed revealed a significant main effect for day of
cocaine administration. A planned follow-up contrast
revealed a significant increasing linear trend for each of
these variables across days. No significant effects were
found for day of administration for the subject-rated items.
CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that, under controlled
laboratory conditions, repeated oral cocaine administration
may result in sensitization to the cardiovascular effects,
but not subject-rated effects.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01288-4},
Key = {fds274110}
}
@article{fds274109,
Author = {Kollins, SH and MacDonald, EK and Rush, CR},
Title = {Assessing the abuse potential of methylphenidate in nonhuman
and human subjects: a review.},
Journal = {Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior},
Volume = {68},
Number = {3},
Pages = {611-627},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0091-3057},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11325419},
Keywords = {Animals • Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors • Humans
• Methylphenidate • Substance-Related Disorders
• adverse effects* • psychology*},
Abstract = {Methylphenidate (MPH) is widely used for the treatment of
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children,
adolescents, and adults. Methylphenidate is clearly
effective for the treatment of ADHD, but there is
controversy as to whether it has significant abuse potential
like other psychostimulants (e.g., D-amphetamine and
cocaine). In general, the drug is believed to be abused at
rates much lower than those for other stimulants. The
present review examines studies that investigated the
behavioral pharmacological profile of methylphenidate and
discusses how results from these studies address its abuse
liability. Using MEDLINE search terms methylphenidate, drug
discrimination, reinforcement, self-administration,
subjective effects, subject-rated effects, abuse potential,
and abuse liability, along with a review of the references
from identified articles, 60 studies were located in which
the reinforcing, discriminative-stimulus, or subjective
effects of methylphenidate were directly assessed in
nonhumans or humans. Forty-eight (80.0%) of the studies
reviewed indicate that methylphenidate either functions in a
manner similar to D-amphetamine or cocaine (e.g., functions
as a reinforcer, substitutes fully in drug discrimination
experiments), or produces a pattern of subjective effects
suggestive of abuse potential. The results are discussed as
they pertain to factors that may account for the apparent
discrepancy in abuse rates between methylphenidate and other
stimulants, including characterization of actual abuse
rates, defining abuse and misuse, pharmacokinetic factors,
and validity of abuse liability assays.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0091-3057(01)00464-6},
Key = {fds274109}
}
@article{fds273991,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Barkley, RA and DuPaul, GJ},
Title = {Use and management of medications for children diagnosed
with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD)},
Journal = {Focus on Exceptional Children},
Volume = {33},
Number = {5},
Pages = {X-24},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0015-511X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/fec.v33i5.6779},
Doi = {10.17161/fec.v33i5.6779},
Key = {fds273991}
}
@article{fds274027,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Barkley, RA and DuPaul, GJ},
Title = {Use and management of medications for children diagnosed
with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD)},
Journal = {Focus on Exceptional Children},
Volume = {33},
Number = {5},
Pages = {X-24},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0015-511X},
Key = {fds274027}
}
@article{fds343226,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Barkley, RA and DuPaul, GJ},
Title = {Use and management of medications for children diagnosed
with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD)},
Journal = {Focus on Exceptional Children},
Volume = {33},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1-+},
Publisher = {LOVE PUBLISHING COMPANY},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds343226}
}
@article{fds274111,
Author = {Critchfield, TS and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Temporal discounting: basic research and the analysis of
socially important behavior.},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {101-122},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0021-8855},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11317983},
Keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Humans
• Social Behavior* • Substance-Related Disorders
• Time Factors • psychology},
Abstract = {Recent basic research on human temporal discounting is
reviewed to illustrate procedures, summarize key findings,
and draw parallels with both nonhuman animal research and
conceptual writings on self-control. Lessons derived from
this research are then applied to the challenge of analyzing
socially important behaviors such as drug abuse, eating and
exercise, and impulsiveness associated with attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder. Attending to the broader
temporal context in which behavior occurs may aid in the
analysis of socially important behavior. Applying this
perspective to the study of behavior in natural environments
also highlights the importance of combining methodological
flexibility with conceptual rigor to promote the extension
of applied behavior analysis to a broader array of socially
important behaviors.},
Doi = {10.1901/jaba.2001.34-101},
Key = {fds274111}
}
@article{fds274026,
Author = {Critchfield, TS and Newland, MC and Kollins, SH},
Title = {The good, the bad, and the aggregate.},
Journal = {The Behavior Analyst},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-115},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0738-6729},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22478342},
Abstract = {To evaluate progress and focus goals, scientific disciplines
need to identify relations that are robust across many
situations. One approach is the literature review, which
characterizes generality across studies. Some writers (e.g.,
Baron & Derenne, 2000) claim that quantitative literature
reviews, but not narrative reviews, violate the
methodological precepts of behavior analysis by pooling data
from nonidentical studies. We argue that it is impossible to
assess generality without varying the context in which
relationships are studied. Properly chosen data-aggregation
strategies can reveal which behavior-environment relations
are general and which are procedure dependent. Within
behavior analysis, reluctance to conduct quantitative
reviews may reflect unsupported assumptions about the
consequences of aggregating data across studies. Whether
specific data-aggregation techniques help or harm a research
program is an empirical issue that cannot be resolved by
unstructured discussion. Some examples of how aggregation
has been used in identifying behavior-environment relations
are examined.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF03392005},
Key = {fds274026}
}
@article{fds274105,
Author = {Murray, LK and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Effects of methylphenidate on sensitivity to reinforcement
in children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder: an application of the matching
law.},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis},
Volume = {33},
Number = {4},
Pages = {573-591},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0021-8855},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11214032},
Keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity • Central
Nervous System Stimulants • Child • Humans •
Male • Methylphenidate • Problem Solving •
Psychological Theory* • Random Allocation •
Reinforcement (Psychology)* • Reinforcement Schedule
• Sensitivity and Specificity • Severity of
Illness Index • Time Factors • diagnosis* •
drug effects* • drug therapy* • pharmacology*
• therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {The behavior of children diagnosed with attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been hypothesized to be
the result of decreased sensitivity to consequences compared
to typical children. The present study examined sensitivity
to reinforcement in 2 boys diagnosed with ADHD using the
matching law to provide more precise and quantitative
measurement of this construct. This experiment also
evaluated the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on
sensitivity to reinforcement of children with ADHD. Subjects
completed math problems to earn tokens under four different
variable-interval (VI) schedules of reinforcement presented
in random order under both medicated and nonmedicated
conditions. Results showed that, in the medicated condition,
the matching functions for both subjects resulted in higher
asymptotic values, indicating an overall elevation of
behavior rate under these conditions. The variance accounted
for by the matching law was also higher under the medicated
conditions, suggesting that their behavior more closely
tracked the changing rates of reinforcement while taking MPH
compared to placebo. Under medicated conditions, the
reinforcing efficacy of response-contingent tokens
decreased. Results are discussed with respect to quantifying
behavioral changes and the extent to which the drug
interacts with prevailing contingencies (i.e., schedule
values) to influence behavioral variability.},
Doi = {10.1901/jaba.2000.33-573},
Key = {fds274105}
}
@article{fds274107,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Rush, CR},
Title = {Effects of training dose on the relationship between
discriminative-stimulus and self-reported drug effects of
d-amphetamine in humans.},
Journal = {Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior},
Volume = {64},
Number = {2},
Pages = {319-326},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0091-3057},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10515308},
Keywords = {Adult • Analgesics, Opioid • Central Nervous
System Stimulants • Dextroamphetamine •
Discrimination (Psychology) • Discrimination Learning
• Female • Humans • Hydromorphone • Male
• Middle Aged • Nicotine • Nicotinic Agonists
• Questionnaires • Social Behavior •
administration & dosage • drug effects* •
pharmacology • pharmacology*},
Abstract = {The aim of the present experiment was to examine the
relationship between the discriminative-stimulus and
self-reported effects of drugs in humans. To accomplish this
aim, nine healthy adult volunteers (four females, five
males) were trained to discriminate between placebo and 10
mg d-amphetamine (low-dose group) or 20 mg d-amphetamine
(high-dose group). After acquiring the placebo-amphetamine
discrimination, a range of doses of d-amphetamine (1.25-20
mg) was tested to determine if they shared discriminative
stimulus effects with the training dose. Participants in the
low-dose group exhibited a significant leftward shift in the
dose-response function for discrimination performance, which
is concordant with previous preclinical and human drug
discrimination studies that assessed the effects of training
dose. Consistent with the drug discrimination findings,
participants in the low-dose group exhibited a significant
leftward shift in the dose-response function for several
self-reported drug effects (e.g., Like the Drug and
Stimulated). However, several other self-reported drug
effect items were not significantly influenced by training
condition (e.g., Anxious/Nervous and Bad Effects). These
results suggest that the discriminative-stimulus and
self-reported drug effects of d-amphetamine overlap, but are
not isomorphic. Furthermore, these results illustrate that
behavioral history significantly influences subsequent drug
effects in humans.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0091-3057(99)00084-2},
Key = {fds274107}
}
@article{fds274024,
Author = {Forsyth, JP and Kollins, S and Palav, A and Duff, K and Maher,
S},
Title = {Has behavior therapy drifted from its experimental roots? A
survey of publication trends in mainstream behavioral
journals.},
Journal = {Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental
Psychiatry},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {205-220},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0005-7916},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0005-7916(99)00020-8},
Abstract = {In recent years it has been suggested that behavior therapy,
characterized in part by single-subject designs and an
idiographic approach to addressing practical problems, is
drifting from its experimental roots. To examine trends in
behavior therapy, and to provide an objective index of
drift, two archival studies were conducted to identify
publication trends in the use of single-subject designs vs.
group designs, as well as citations to select basic
behavioral science journals. In Study 1, articles appearing
in Behavior Therapy from 1970 through 1996 were reviewed and
categorized in terms of type of article, design, and
citations to experimental journals. Findings from Study 1
suggest declining publication trends in single-subject
designs and citations to experimental journals in Behavior
Therapy, with a modest increase in the use of group designs
over the period. Study 2 was designed to replicate and
extend our initial findings by surveying three behavioral
journals in addition to Behavior Therapy using the PsychLit
database and years covering 1974 through 1996: Behaviour
Research and Therapy, Journal of Behavior Therapy and
Experimental Psychiatry, and Behavior Modification.
Consistent with Study 1, results of Study 2 showed declining
trends in single-subject designs for all mainstream
behavioral journals. The significance of these findings in
light of the argument that behavior therapy has drifted from
its experimental roots is discussed, with emphasis on
contingencies that may be responsible for the trends
observed.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0005-7916(99)00020-8},
Key = {fds274024}
}
@article{fds274113,
Author = {Daleiden, EL and Chorpita, BF and Kollins, SH and Drabman,
RS},
Title = {Factors affecting the reliability of clinical judgments
about the function of children's school-refusal
behavior.},
Journal = {Journal of Clinical Child Psychology},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {396-406},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0047-228X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10446689},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adolescent Psychiatry* • Child •
Female • Humans • Male • Observer Variation
• Professional Competence • Reinforcement
(Psychology) • Reproducibility of Results •
Student Dropouts • psychology*},
Abstract = {Conducted two studies to examine the interrater reliability,
test-retest stability, and the effect of various clinician
variables, such as years of clinical experience, theoretical
orientation, and prior experience with children, on clinical
judgments about the reinforcement functions of children's
school-refusal behavior. Results indicated that the
judgments by individual clinicians were of questionable
reliability. Judgments aggregated across 3 clinicians
yielded acceptable interrater and test-retest reliability in
Study 1, but a greater number of clinicians were necessary
to achieve acceptable reliability in Study 2. Years of
clinical experience and training were the only clinician
variables related to the reliability of judgments about
reinforcement functions. Several recommendations for the
clinical assessment of the function of children's
school-refusal behavior are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1207/S15374424jccp280312},
Key = {fds274113}
}
@article{fds274023,
Author = {Phillips, EL and Kollins, S and Edgerly, D},
Title = {Behavioural assessment of children and adolescents.},
Journal = {The Indian Journal of Pediatrics},
Volume = {66},
Number = {3},
Pages = {389-399},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02845532},
Abstract = {This article is an overview for pediatricians who conduct
behavioural assessments of children and adolescents. It
identifies the most common behavioural problems encountered
by pediatricians and brief descriptions of selected tests
that are administered by psychologists and other trained
mental health professionals. Also covered are suggestions
for the pediatrician on conducting diagnostic interviews and
information regarding referral decision making.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02845532},
Key = {fds274023}
}
@article{fds274025,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Newland, MC and Critchfield, TS},
Title = {Quantitative integration of single-subject studies: Methods
and misinterpretations.},
Journal = {The Behavior Analyst},
Volume = {22},
Number = {2},
Pages = {149-157},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0738-6729},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22478332},
Abstract = {Derenne and Baron (1999) criticized a quantitative
literature review by Kollins, Newland, and Critchfield
(1997) and raised several important issues with respect to
the integration of single-subject data. In their criticism
they argued that the quantitative integration of data across
experiments conducted by Kollins et al. is a meta-analysis
and, as such, is inappropriate. We reply that Kollins et al.
offered behavior analysts a technique for integrating
quantitative information in a way that draws from the
strengths of behavior analysis. Although the quantitative
technique is true to the original spirit of meta-analysis,
it bears little resemblance to meta-analyses as currently
conducted or defined and offers behavior analysts a
potentially useful tool for comparing data from multiple
sources. We also argue that other criticisms raised by
Derenne and Baron were inaccurate or irrelevant to the
original article. Our response highlights two main points:
(a) There are meaningful quantitative techniques for
examining single-subject data across studies without
compromising the integrity of behavior analysis; and (b) the
healthiest way to refute or question findings in any viable
field of scientific inquiry is through empirical
investigation.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF03391992},
Key = {fds274025}
}
@article{fds274106,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Rush, CR and Pazzaglia, PJ and Ali,
JA},
Title = {Comparison of acute behavioral effects of sustained-release
and immediate-release methylphenidate.},
Journal = {Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {367-374},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1064-1297},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9861551},
Keywords = {Adult • Affect • Animals • Behavior •
Blood Pressure • Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Delayed-Action Preparations • Female •
Heart Rate • Humans • Male • Methylphenidate
• Middle Aged • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
• Psychomotor Performance • Questionnaires •
Time Factors • administration & dosage* • drug
effects • drug effects* • pharmacology*},
Abstract = {The rate of onset of a drug's effect is an important
determinant of its abuse potential. This experiment examined
the acute behavioral effects of orally administered
sustained-release methylphenidate (SR; 20-40 mg),
immediate-release methylphenidate (IR; 20-40 mg), and
placebo in 10 healthy volunteers. Drug effects were assessed
before drug administration and periodically afterwards for 6
hr using drug-effect questionnaires and performance measures
that are sensitive to the acute effects of stimulants. The
IR formulation produced stimulant-like drug effects (e.g.,
increased ratings of "good effects") that generally varied
as a function of dose and time. The SR formulation produced
only transient effects on these measures. These findings are
consistent with previous research on the influence of rate
of onset using other drugs and suggest that the abuse
potential of IR methylphenidate may be greater than that of
SR methylphenidate.},
Doi = {10.1037//1064-1297.6.4.367},
Key = {fds274106}
}
@article{fds274108,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Shapiro, SK and Newland, MC and Abramowitz,
A},
Title = {Discriminative and participant-rated effects of
methylphenidate in children diagnosed with attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).},
Journal = {Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {375-389},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1064-1297},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9861552},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Attention Deficit Disorder with
Hyperactivity • Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Child • Dextroamphetamine • Discrimination
(Psychology) • Discrimination Learning •
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug • Female • Humans
• Male • Methylphenidate • drug effects
• drug effects* • drug therapy* •
pharmacology • psychology • therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {Despite the demonstrated beneficial effects of
methylphenidate and d-amphetamine for the treatment of
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the
discriminative and subjective effects of these compounds in
children are not well understood. This study was designed to
characterize such effects in children diagnosed with ADHD.
In a series of 3 experiments, 17 children were examined to
determine whether methylphenidate (n = 12) and d-amphetamine
(n = 5) could be reliably discriminated at doses typically
used in clinical practice. Under some conditions (e.g., when
they were instructed to attend to the drug effects or when a
wide range of doses was used), children discriminated
methylphenidate (5.0-30.0 mg) from placebo. Children tested
under a range of doses of d-amphetamine (2.5-20.0 mg) were
unable to discriminate this drug from placebo reliably.
Neither methylphenidate nor d-amphetamine produced reliable
participant-rated effects.},
Doi = {10.1037/1064-1297.6.4.375},
Key = {fds274108}
}
@article{fds274112,
Author = {Rush, CR and Kollins, SH and Pazzaglia, PJ},
Title = {Discriminative-stimulus and participant-rated effects of
methylphenidate, bupropion, and triazolam in
d-amphetamine-trained humans.},
Journal = {Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {32-44},
Year = {1998},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1064-1297},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9526144},
Keywords = {Adult • Affect • Blood Pressure • Bupropion
• Dextroamphetamine • Discrimination (Psychology)
• Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors • Female • GABA
Modulators • Heart Rate • Humans • Male
• Methylphenidate • Middle Aged • Psychomotor
Performance • Triazolam • drug effects • drug
effects* • pharmacology*},
Abstract = {The discriminative-stimulus and participate-rated effects of
a range of doses of d-amphetamine (2.5-20 mg),
methylphenidate (5-40 mg), bupropion (50-400 mg), and
triazolam (0.0625-0.5 mg) were tested in 5 humans trained to
discriminate between oral d-amphetamine (20 mg) and placebo.
d-Amphetamine and methylphenidate generally dose dependently
increased drug-appropriate responding. Bupropion and
triazolam on average occasioned less than or equal to 40%
drug-appropriate responding. d-Amphetamine, methylphenidate,
and bupropion produced stimulant-like participant-rated
effects, while triazolam produced sedative-like effects.
These results further demonstrate that the acute behavioral
effects of d-amphetamine and methylphenidate overlap
extensively in humans, which is concordant with preclinical
studies. Bupropion produced some d-amphetamine-like,
participant-rated drug effects but did not occasion
significant levels of d-amphetamine-appropriate responding.
These findings are concordant with previous findings of a
dissociation between the discriminative-stimulus and
participant-rated effects of drugs.},
Doi = {10.1037//1064-1297.6.1.32},
Key = {fds274112}
}
@article{fds314755,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Newland, MC and Critchfield, TS},
Title = {Erratum to: Human sensitivity to reinforcement in operant
choice: How much do consequences matter?},
Journal = {Psychonomic Bulletin & Review},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {431-431},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1069-9384},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1997XY31800019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.3758/bf03210806},
Key = {fds314755}
}
@article{fds274097,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Newland, MC and Critchfield, TS},
Title = {Human sensitivity to reinforcement in operant choice: How
much do consequences matter?},
Journal = {Psychonomic Bulletin & Review},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {208-220},
Year = {1997},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1069-9384},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21331827},
Abstract = {The results of many human operant conditioning experiments
appear to show that humans are less sensitive than nonhumans
to operant consequences, suggesting species discontinuities
in basic behavioral processes. A reanalysis of 31l data sets
from 25 studies employing variable-interval schedules of
reinforcement designed to assess sensitivity to
reinforcement corroborates the claim that human behavioral
allocation among alternatives often deviates from
predictions based on rates of experimentally programmed
consequences. Close inspection of the studies in question,
however, suggests that methodological issues contribute
heavily to the differences noted so far between humans and
nonhumans and that an explanation based upon species
discontinuities is not tenable.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.3758/BF03209395},
Key = {fds274097}
}
@article{fds274022,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Lane, SD and Shapiro, SK},
Title = {Experimental analysis of childhood psychopathology: A
laboratory matching analysis of the behavior of children
diagnosed with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD)},
Journal = {The Psychological Record},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-44},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03395211},
Abstract = {The behavior of children diagnosed with Attention-Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been hypothesized to
involve differential sensitivity to parameters of reward and
punishment. However, support for these theories has been
limited because, in part, of the methods used to investigate
them. The current study examined the behavior of six ADHD
children and six comparison children on a computer task
designed to present different parameters of reinforcement by
using concurrent reinforcement schedules. A quantitative
analysis of the sensitivity to changing contingencies of
reinforcement was conducted by examining the performance of
the children across five experimental conditions. Results
suggest that although there may have been several mediating
variables, children diagnosed with ADHD may show less
sensitivity to changing parameters of reinforcement rate as
measured by response ratios and time allocation to two
concurrently available alternatives. Implications of these
results are discussed in terms of the utility of such
experimental methods in the study of childhood behavior
disorders.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF03395211},
Key = {fds274022}
}
%% Chapters in Books
@misc{fds370391,
Author = {Bidopia, T and Engelhard, MM and Kollins, SH and Lunsford-Avery,
JR},
Title = {Screen media technology and ADHD in children and
adolescents: Potential perils and emerging
opportunities},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {260-274},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Child and Adolescent Health, First
Edition},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780128188729},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818872-9.00126-6},
Abstract = {Screen media technology (SMT) use has become increasingly
prevalent among youth, and is associated with a variety of
negative outcomes, including poor sleep and impairments in
several domains of cognitive functioning, including
task-switching, attention, working memory, and response
inhibition. Youth with ADHD may be particularly vulnerable
to the hazards of SMT use and engage in problematic
screentime behaviors at disproportionate rates. SMT may
result in negative outcomes for individuals with ADHD via
several processes, including: (a) screen characteristics,
nighttime use, and interference with sleep, (b) media
multitasking, (c) device notifications, (d) media content,
and (e) compulsive SMT use. Despite the harmful effects of
SMT use, digital therapeutics, such as serious game
interventions, SMS interventions, and smartphone
applications, have demonstrated promise in improving ADHD
symptoms and enhancing medication treatment adherence in
youth with ADHD. Several unknowns currently exist in
relation to the effects of SMT use in children and
adolescents with ADHD. Research should focus on
disentangling the directionality and strength of the
relationship between SMT use and ADHD-related symptoms,
along with individual-level factors related to harmful SMT
use, such as sociodemographic background. Further research
using longitudinal designs and objective measurements of SMT
use is needed to better understand the effect of
screen-based behaviors on the mental and physical wellbeing
of youth with ADHD and to pinpoint potential intervention
targets. Parental mediation strategies, such as
autonomy-supportive mediation, may be an effective strategy
for mitigating the hazardous effects of SMT use in this
population.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-818872-9.00126-6},
Key = {fds370391}
}
@misc{fds364089,
Author = {Glasgow, TE and Adams, EL and Ksinan, A and Barsell, DJ and Lunsford-Avery, J and Chen, S and Kollins, S and Schechter, JC and Maguire, R and Engelhard, M and Fuemmeler, BF},
Title = {Sleep onset, duration, or regularity: which matters most for
child adiposity outcomes?},
Journal = {Int J Obes (Lond)},
Volume = {46},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1502-1509},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41366-022-01140-0},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sleep measures, such as duration and
onset timing, are associated with adiposity outcomes among
children. Recent research among adults has considered
variability in sleep and wake onset times, with the Sleep
Regularity Index (SRI) as a comprehensive metric to measure
shifts in sleep and wake onset times between days. However,
little research has examined regularity and adiposity
outcomes among children. This study examined the
associations of three sleep measures (i.e., sleep duration,
sleep onset time, and SRI) with three measures of adiposity
(i.e., body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, and
waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]) in a pediatric sample.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Children (ages 4-13 years) who were part
of the U.S. Newborn Epigenetic STudy (NEST) participated.
Children (N = 144) wore an ActiGraph for 1 week. Sleep
measures were estimated from actigraphy data. Weight,
height, and waist circumference were measured by trained
researchers. BMI and WHtR was calculated with the
objectively measured waist and height values. Multiple
linear regression models examined associations between child
sleep and adiposity outcomes, controlling for
race/ethnicity, child sex, age, mothers' BMI and sleep
duration. RESULTS: When considering sleep onset timing and
duration, along with demographic covariates, sleep onset
timing was not significantly associated with any of the
three adiposity measures, but a longer duration was
significantly associated with a lower BMI Z-score
(β = -0.29, p < 0.001), waist circumference
(β = -0.31, p < 0.001), and WHtR (β = -0.38,
p < 0.001). When considering SRI and duration, duration
remained significantly associated with the adiposity
measures. The SRI and adiposity associations were in the
expected direction, but were non-significant, except the SRI
and WHtR association (β = -0.16, p = 0.077) was
marginally non-significant. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep duration was
consistently associated with adiposity measures in children
4-13 years of age. Pediatric sleep interventions should
focus first on elongating nighttime sleep duration, and
examine if this improves child adiposity
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41366-022-01140-0},
Key = {fds364089}
}
@misc{fds369898,
Author = {Lusby, CM and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and college
students},
Pages = {77-85},
Booktitle = {Principles and Practice of College Health},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9783030563080},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56309-7_5},
Abstract = {ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by
inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity that can
cause impairment in a variety of domains across the life
span. This chapter reviews the history and prevalence of
ADHD as well as known etiological factors. We also discuss
diagnosis of and treatment for ADHD, including both
pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, as
well as important considerations in these domains for
college-age individuals.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-56309-7_5},
Key = {fds369898}
}
@misc{fds354370,
Author = {Ann Catherine Childress, and Kollins, SH and Cutler, AJ and Marraffino, A and Sikes, C},
Title = {5.10 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF AN EXTENDED-RELEASE, ORALLY
DISINTEGRATING METHYLPHENIDATE TABLET IN CHILDREN 6-12 YEARS
OF AGE BASED ON ADHD RATING SCALE-IV SCORE AT
BASELINE},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {59},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S152-S152},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.070},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.070},
Key = {fds354370}
}
@misc{fds354369,
Author = {Childress, AC and Lutz, J and Kollins, SH},
Title = {5.26 STARS-ADJUNCT: AKL-T01, A DIGITAL TREATMENT FOR
PEDIATRIC ADHD AS AN ADJUNCT TO STIMULANT MEDICATION:
RESPONSE RATES WITH REPEAT ADMINISTRATION},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {59},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S157-S157},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.087},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.087},
Key = {fds354369}
}
@misc{fds354371,
Author = {Epstein, JN and Lutz, J and DeLoss, D and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {5.13 EXPLORING ENGAGEMENT AS A FACTOR FOR EFFICACY WITH
AKL-T01, A HOME-BASED DIGITAL THERAPEUTIC},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {59},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S153-S153},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.074},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.074},
Key = {fds354371}
}
@misc{fds354367,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Heusser, A and Lutz, J},
Title = {5.25 STARS-ADJUNCT: A HOME-BASED, DIGITAL TREATMENT FOR
PEDIATRIC ADHD AS ADJUNCT TO STIMULANT MEDICATION: INSIGHTS
ON REPEAT ADMINISTRATION AND THE STABILITY OF
EFFECTS},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {59},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S157-S157},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.086},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.086},
Key = {fds354367}
}
@misc{fds354368,
Author = {Davis, N and Lutz, J and Kollins, SH},
Title = {5.27 STARS-ADJUNCT: AKL-T01, A HOME-BASED DIGITAL
INTERVENTION AS AN ADJUNCT TO STIMULANT MEDICATION FOR
PEDIATRIC ADHD: ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND RELATION TO
OBJECTIVE MEASURES OF ATTENTION},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {59},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S157-S158},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.088},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.088},
Key = {fds354368}
}
@misc{fds352053,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Krystal, AD and Carskadon, MA and Kollins,
SH},
Title = {SLEEP ASSOCIATED WITH EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING AMONG
ADOLESCENTS ACROSS THE ADHD CONTINUUM},
Journal = {Sleep},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {A373-A373},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds352053}
}
@misc{fds351066,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {Duration of Effect of a Novel, Home-Based, Digital Treatment
for Pediatric ADHD},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {58},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S296-S296},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.09.008},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2019.09.008},
Key = {fds351066}
}
@misc{fds351067,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {37.4 COMPUTER-BASED AND PARENT-REPORTED ASSESSMENT OF
EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING: METHOD VARIANCE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR
INTERPRETING FINDINGS FROM ADHD EFFICACY
TRIALS},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {58},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S356-S356},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.07.925},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2019.07.925},
Key = {fds351067}
}
@misc{fds346733,
Author = {Chen, S and Perera, R and Engelhard, MM and Lunsford-Avery, JR and Kollins, SH and Fuemmeler, BF},
Title = {A generic algorithm for sleep-wake cycle detection using
unlabeled actigraphy data},
Journal = {2019 Ieee Embs International Conference on Biomedical and
Health Informatics, Bhi 2019 Proceedings},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9781728108483},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/BHI.2019.8834568},
Abstract = {One key component when analyzing actigraphy data for sleep
studies is sleep-wake cycle detection. Most detection
algorithms rely on accurate sleep diary labels to generate
supervised classifiers, with parameters optimized for a
particular dataset. However, once the actigraphy trackers
are deployed in the field, labels for training models and
validating detection accuracy are often not available. In
this paper, we propose a generic, training-free algorithm to
detect sleep-wake cycles from minute-by-minute actigraphy.
Leveraging a robust nonlinear parametric model, our proposed
method refines the detection region by searching for a
single change point within bounded regions defined by the
parametric model. Challenged by the absence of ground truth
labels, we also propose an evaluation metric dedicated to
this problem. Tested on week-long actigraphy from 112
children, the results show that the proposed algorithm
improves on the baseline model consistently and
significantly (\mathbf{p} < 3\mathbf{e}-15). Moreover,
focusing on the commonality in human circadian rhythm
captured by actigraphy, the proposed method is generic to
data collected by various actigraphy trackers, circumventing
the laborious label collection step in developing customized
classifiers for sleep detection.},
Doi = {10.1109/BHI.2019.8834568},
Key = {fds346733}
}
@misc{fds351068,
Author = {Childress, AC and Kollins, SH and Adjei, AL and Haddock, P and Foehl,
HC and Mattingly, G and Newcorn, JH},
Title = {4.15 The Efficacy and Safety of Methylphenidate
Hydrochloride (HCL) Extended-Release in Preschool Aged
Children With ADHD},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {57},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S209-S209},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.241},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.241},
Key = {fds351068}
}
@misc{fds351069,
Author = {Childress, AC and Kollins, SH and Wu, J and Robertson,
B},
Title = {2.22 Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate for Preschool Children With
ADHD},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {57},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S165-S166},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.110},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.110},
Key = {fds351069}
}
@misc{fds351070,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Bower, J and Findling, RL and Keefe, R and Epstein, J and Cutler, AJ and White, R and Aberle, L and DeLoss, D and Faraone,
SV},
Title = {2.40 A Multicenter, Randomized, Active-Control Registration
Trial of Software Treatment for Actively Reducing Severity
of ADHD (Stars-Adhd) to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of a
Novel, Home-Based, Digital Treatment for Pediatric
ADHD},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {57},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S172-S172},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.128},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.128},
Key = {fds351070}
}
@misc{fds336084,
Author = {Lunsford-Avery, JR and Kollins, SH and Krystal,
AD},
Title = {0762 Sleeping at Home: Feasibility and Tolerability of
Ambulatory Polysomnography for Use with Adolescents with
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder},
Journal = {Sleep},
Volume = {41},
Number = {suppl_1},
Pages = {A283-A284},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsy061.761},
Doi = {10.1093/sleep/zsy061.761},
Key = {fds336084}
}
@misc{fds351071,
Author = {Kollins, S and Levin, E and Price, T and Murphy, S},
Title = {Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure Alters Sperm
Methylation Profiles: Concurrent Results From Humans and
Rats},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {S642-S643},
Publisher = {NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds351071}
}
@misc{fds351072,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Howard, AL and Swanson, JM and Kennedy, TM and Stehli,
A and Belendiuk, KA and Kollins, SH and Molina, BSG},
Title = {21.2 Substance Use Among Children With and Without
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Followed
Prospectively Into Early Adulthood in the
MTA},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {56},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S334-S335},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.07.700},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2017.07.700},
Key = {fds351072}
}
@misc{fds329393,
Author = {Murphy, SK and Schrott, R and Visco, Z and Huang, Z and Grenier, C and Mitchell, J and Schechter, J and Lucas, J and Levin, ED and Price, T and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Environment and Gametic Epigenetic Reprogramming.},
Journal = {Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis},
Volume = {58},
Pages = {S28-S28},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds329393}
}
@misc{fds351073,
Author = {Sweitzer, M and Kollins, S and Kozink, R and Hallyburton, M and English,
J and Addicott, M and Oliver, J and McClernon, F},
Title = {ADHD, Smoking Withdrawal, and Resting State Functional
Connectivity: Results of a fMRI Study With Methylphenidate
Challenge},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {S614-S615},
Publisher = {NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds351073}
}
@misc{fds351074,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Cutler, AJ and Khattak, S and Weiss, MD and Donnelly, G and Reiz, JL},
Title = {6.41 A SIX-MONTH OPEN-LABEL MULTICENTER STUDY OF THE SAFETY
AND EFFICACY OF PRC-063 IN ADOLESCENTS WITH
ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {55},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S217-S217},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.09.361},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2016.09.361},
Key = {fds351074}
}
@misc{fds351075,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Cutler, AJ and Khattak, S and Weiss, MD and Donnelly, G and Reiz, JL},
Title = {6.42 A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLIND PLACEBO-CONTROLLED
MULTICENTER STUDY MEASURING THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF A
NOVEL, EXTENDED-RELEASE FORMULATION OF METHYLPHENIDATE
(PRC-063) IN ADOLESCENTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY
DISORDER},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {55},
Number = {10},
Pages = {S217-S218},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.09.362},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2016.09.362},
Key = {fds351075}
}
@misc{fds352054,
Author = {Kollins, S and McClernon, F and English, J and Hood, D and Perkins,
K},
Title = {Initial Response to Intranasal Nicotine Young Adults With
and Without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {S452-S453},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds352054}
}
@misc{fds352055,
Author = {McDonnell, M and Wigal, S and Childress, A and Kollins, S and DeSousa,
N and Komolova, M and Sallee, F},
Title = {A Treatment Optimization Study of HLD200 in Children with
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder},
Journal = {Annals of Neurology},
Volume = {80},
Pages = {S391-S391},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds352055}
}
@misc{fds311590,
Author = {Kollins, SH and McClernon, FJ},
Title = {ADHD and smoking},
Pages = {327-342},
Booktitle = {Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults and
Children},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521113984},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139035491.027},
Abstract = {Introduction Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable
cause of death and disability in the United States.
Annually, smoking leads to more than 400 000 premature
deaths in the USA and nearly 5 million deaths worldwide [1].
In the USA alone, $150 billion in annual costs are
attributable to smoking-related illnesses and lost worker
productivity [2]. Several large-scale, epidemiological
studies have reported that individuals who have psychiatric
disorders are significantly more likely to smoke than
individuals from the general population [3, 4]. The
prevalence of smoking among individuals with a current
psychiatric condition is nearly double that of individuals
without current mental illness [4, 5]. While individuals who
reported a psychiatric diagnosis in the past month make up
approximately 30% of the US population, they consume an
estimated 44.3% of all cigarettes [4]. The number of
co-occurring psychiatric disorders in an individual is also
associated with higher levels of nicotine dependence and
greater withdrawal severity [4, 6]. Most population- and
clinic-based studies of smoking/psychiatric illness
comorbidity have excluded attention-deicit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). This may be because ADHD is oten considered
a disorder of childhood and is thus not included as a
psychiatric condition category when studying samples of
adults. However, in the few studies in which the disorder
has been examined, ADHD shows comparable rates of
comorbidity with cigarette smoking as other psychiatric
disorders (approximately 40%) [7]. Moreover, recent evidence
suggests that ADHD symptoms, even at levels below the
threshold required to make a clinical diagnosis, are
signiicantly associated with risk for smoking
[8].},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9781139035491.027},
Key = {fds311590}
}
@misc{fds351076,
Author = {Koblan, K and Hopkins, S and Sarma, K and Jin, F and Goldman, R and Loebel,
A and Kollins, S},
Title = {Dasotraline as a Novel DAT/NET Inhibitor for the Treatment
of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized,
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Proof-of-concept Trial in
Adults},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {39},
Pages = {S347-S347},
Publisher = {NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds351076}
}
@misc{fds359850,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Epstein, JN and Keith Conners,
C},
Title = {Corners' rating scales-revised},
Pages = {215-233},
Booktitle = {The Use of Psychological Testing for Treatment Planning and
Outcomes Assessment: Volume 2: Instruments for Children and
Adolescents},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9781410610621},
Key = {fds359850}
}
@misc{fds327696,
Author = {McClernon, FJ and Mitchell, JT and Schick, RS and Bayham, RL and Dennis,
ME and Kollins, SH and Beckham, JC},
Title = {COMBINED EMA AND GPS FOR ASSESSING THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
OF SMOKING BEHAVIOR: A PROOF OF CONCEPT STUDY},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {S93-S93},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds327696}
}
@misc{fds328900,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in
adolescence},
Pages = {423-445},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Adolescent Health Psychology},
Publisher = {Springer New York},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781461466321},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6633-8_27},
Doi = {10.1007/978-1-4614-6633-8_27},
Key = {fds328900}
}
@misc{fds311592,
Author = {Mitchell, JT and Kollins, SH},
Title = {ADHD in adolescence},
Pages = {423-445},
Booktitle = {Adolescent health psychology},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Editor = {O'Donohue, W and Benuto, L and Tolle, L},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds311592}
}
@misc{fds311598,
Author = {Bidwell, LC and Garrett, ME and McClernon, FJ and Fuemmeler, BF and Williams, RB and Ashley-Koch, AE and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Genotype and ADHD symptoms interact to predict adolescents'
early smoking experiences in an epidemiological
sample},
Journal = {Behavior Genetics},
Volume = {41},
Number = {6},
Pages = {893-893},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0001-8244},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000295326600022&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311598}
}
@misc{fds273995,
Author = {Kollins, SH},
Title = {Abuse potential of stimulant drugs used to treat
ADHD},
Pages = {230-239},
Booktitle = {ADHD in Adults: Characterization, Diagnosis, and
Treatment},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521864312},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511780752.020},
Abstract = {The use of psychostimulants and, more recently, other
classes of drugs for the treatment of attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is widespread. Although it is
generally agreed that use in the United States is higher
than in other countries, evidence for increasing medication
use for ADHD in other countries exists (Schmidt-Troschke et
al., 2004). The medications used to treat ADHD have
unequivocal support for their efficacy in managing the core
symptoms of ADHD in both children and adults (Faraone &
Biederman, 2002; Faraone, Biederman, & Roe, 2002; Faraone et
al., 2004; Wolraich, 2003). However, significant controversy
has arisen in recent years over the possibility that
stimulant use may be associated with substance use and abuse
(Greenhill, Halperin, & Abikoff, 1999), and a significant
challenge confronting researchers, clinicians, and the
public is to understand the myriad issues pertaining to
stimulant drug use and ADHD. To this end, the purpose of
this chapter is (1) to delineate several related questions
pertaining to stimulant drug use and ADHD and (2) to review
the relevant research that bears on these questions.
Specifically, this chapter addresses the following
questions.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511780752.020},
Key = {fds273995}
}
@misc{fds352056,
Author = {Volkow, N and Wang, G-J and Tomasi, D and Kollins, S and Wigal, T and Newcorn, J and Telang, F and Fowler, J and Logan, J and Swanson,
J},
Title = {Methylphenidate induced dopamine increases in striatum and
temporal and frontal cortices predicts response to treatment
in ADHD},
Journal = {Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society
of Nuclear Medicine},
Volume = {52},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds352056}
}
@misc{fds352057,
Author = {Turnbow, J and Kollins, S and Lopez, F and Lyne, A and Youcha, S and Rubin,
J},
Title = {Response to Guanfacine Extended Release in Children and
Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD)},
Journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
Volume = {67},
Number = {9},
Pages = {218S-218S},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds352057}
}
@misc{fds352058,
Author = {Connor, D and Kollins, S and Findling, R and Lopez, F and Sallee, F and Lyne, A and Tremblay, G},
Title = {Effects of Guanfacine Extended Release in Children Aged 6 to
12 Years with Oppositional Symptoms and a Diagnosis of
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder},
Journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
Volume = {67},
Number = {9},
Pages = {217S-217S},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds352058}
}
@misc{fds352059,
Author = {Volkow, ND and Wang, G-J and Kollins, S and Wigal, T and Newcorn, J and Telang, F and Fowler, J and Swanson, J},
Title = {Dopamine's Role in ADHD Symptoms: Beyond an Attention
Deficit},
Journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
Volume = {67},
Number = {9},
Pages = {96S-96S},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds352059}
}
@misc{fds352060,
Author = {Wang, G-J and Volkow, N and Wigal, T and Kollins, S and Newcorn, J and Telang, F and Logan, J and Wong, C and Fowler, J and Swanson,
J},
Title = {Tolerance to the dopaminergic effects of methylphenidate in
adults with ADHD after one-year treatment with
methylphenidate},
Journal = {Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society
of Nuclear Medicine},
Volume = {51},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds352060}
}
@misc{fds352061,
Author = {Wang, G-J and Volkow, N and Wigal, T and Kollins, S and Newcorn, J and Telang, F and Logan, J and Wong, C and Fowler, JS and Swanson,
JM},
Title = {Chronic treatment with methylphenidate increases dopamine
transporter density in patients with attention deficit
hyperactive disorder},
Journal = {Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society
of Nuclear Medicine},
Volume = {50},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds352061}
}
@misc{fds311597,
Author = {Witt, KL and Shelby, MD and Itchon-Ramos, N and Faircloth, M and Kissling, GE and Chrisman, AK and Ravi, H and Murli, H and Mattison, DR and Kollins, SH},
Title = {Chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, and
micronuclei in lymphocytes of pediatric ADHD patients
treated with stimulant drugs},
Journal = {Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis},
Volume = {49},
Number = {7},
Pages = {528-528},
Publisher = {WILEY-BLACKWELL},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0893-6692},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000258725800052&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311597}
}
@misc{fds311596,
Author = {Goodman, D and Adler, L and Kollins, SH and Weisler, R and Krishnan, S and Zhang, Y and Biederman, J},
Title = {Efficacy and safety of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in adults
with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder},
Journal = {The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {292-293},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1461-1457},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000258855501489&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311596}
}
@misc{fds311595,
Author = {Kollins, SH and Wigal, T and Vince, B and Lyne, A and Farrand,
K},
Title = {Cognitive and sedative effects of guanfacine extended
release in children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Safety and sleep
effects},
Journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
Volume = {63},
Number = {7},
Pages = {246S-246S},
Publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0006-3223},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000254163700781&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311595}
}
@misc{fds340614,
Author = {Kollins, S and Epstein, J and Tonev, S and Anastopoulos, A and Lachiewicz, A and Fitzgerald, D and Kane, E and Kail, M and Cuccaro, M and Exelbierd, L and Gilbert, J and Ashley-Koch, A},
Title = {Genetic associations with reaction time variability in
AD/HD},
Journal = {American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B,
Neuropsychiatric Genetics : the Official Publication of the
International Society of Psychiatric Genetics},
Volume = {141B},
Number = {7},
Pages = {771-772},
Publisher = {WILEY-LISS},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds340614}
}
@misc{fds340615,
Author = {Schug, MD and Anastopoulos, A and Kollins, S and Hennis, L and Nelson,
S and Mehltretter, L and Gilbert, J and Cuccaro, M and Ashley-Koch,
A},
Title = {The genetics of AD/HD: Subtyping, comorbidity and
developmental considerations},
Journal = {American Journal of Medical Genetics},
Volume = {130B},
Number = {1},
Pages = {103-103},
Publisher = {WILEY-LISS},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds340615}
}
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