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| Publications of Lawrence G. Appelbaum :chronological alphabetical combined listing:
%% Papers Published
@article{fds367627,
Author = {Subramaniam, A and Liu, S and Lochhead, L and Appelbaum,
LG},
Title = {A systematic review of transcranial direct current
stimulation on eye movements and associated psychological
function.},
Journal = {Rev Neurosci},
Volume = {34},
Number = {3},
Pages = {349-364},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2023},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2022-0082},
Abstract = {The last decades have seen a rise in the use of transcranial
direct current stimulation (tDCS) approaches to modulate
brain activity and associated behavior. Concurrently, eye
tracking (ET) technology has improved to allow more precise
quantitative measurement of gaze behavior, offering a window
into the mechanisms of vision and cognition. When combined,
tDCS and ET provide a powerful system to probe brain
function and measure the impact on visual function, leading
to an increasing number of studies that utilize these
techniques together. The current pre-registered, systematic
review seeks to describe the literature that integrates
these approaches with the goal of changing brain activity
with tDCS and measuring associated changes in eye movements
with ET. The literature search identified 26 articles that
combined ET and tDCS in a probe-and-measure model and are
systematically reviewed here. All studies implemented
controlled interventional designs to address topics related
to oculomotor control, cognitive processing, emotion
regulation, or cravings in healthy volunteers and patient
populations. Across these studies, active stimulation
typically led to changes in the number, duration, and timing
of fixations compared to control stimulation. Notably, half
the studies addressed emotion regulation, each showing
hypothesized effects of tDCS on ET metrics, while tDCS
targeting the frontal cortex was widely used and also
generally produced expected modulation of ET. This review
reveals promising evidence of the impact of tDCS on eye
movements and associated psychological function, offering a
framework for effective designs with recommendations for
future studies.},
Doi = {10.1515/revneuro-2022-0082},
Key = {fds367627}
}
@article{fds367447,
Author = {Bukhari-Parlakturk, N and Lutz, MW and Al-Khalidi, HR and Unnithan,
S and Wang, JE-H and Scott, B and Termsarasab, P and Appelbaum, LG and Calakos, N},
Title = {Suitability of Automated Writing Measures for Clinical Trial
Outcome in Writer's Cramp.},
Journal = {Mov Disord},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-132},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.29237},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Writer's cramp (WC) dystonia is a rare disease
that causes abnormal postures during the writing task.
Successful research studies for WC and other forms of
dystonia are contingent on identifying sensitive and
specific measures that relate to the clinical syndrome and
achieve a realistic sample size to power research studies
for a rare disease. Although prior studies have used writing
kinematics, their diagnostic performance remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic
performance of automated measures that distinguish subjects
with WC from healthy volunteers. METHODS: A total of 21
subjects with WC and 22 healthy volunteers performed a
sentence-copying assessment on a digital tablet using
kinematic and hand recognition softwares. The sensitivity
and specificity of automated measures were calculated using
a logistic regression model. Power analysis was performed
for two clinical research designs using these measures. The
test and retest reliability of select automated measures was
compared across repeat sentence-copying assessments. Lastly,
a correlational analysis with subject- and clinician-rated
outcomes was performed to understand the clinical meaning of
automated measures. RESULTS: Of the 23 measures analyzed,
the measures of word legibility and peak accelerations
distinguished subjects with WC from healthy volunteers with
high sensitivity and specificity and demonstrated smaller
sample sizes suitable for rare disease studies, and the
kinematic measures showed high reliability across repeat
visits, while both word legibility and peak accelerations
measures showed significant correlations with the subject-
and clinician-rated outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Novel automated
measures that capture key aspects of the disease and are
suitable for use in clinical research studies of WC dystonia
were identified. © 2022 International Parkinson and
Movement Disorder Society.},
Doi = {10.1002/mds.29237},
Key = {fds367447}
}
@article{fds369099,
Author = {Ho, J and Liu, S and Feng, Z and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Psychomotor and visual skills underlying position
specialization in 1352 elite youth baseball
players.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {e0278689},
Publisher = {Public Library of Science (PLoS)},
Editor = {Gu, Y},
Year = {2023},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278689},
Abstract = {Baseball is an international sport with participation from
tens of thousands of people worldwide. In the United States,
the Prospect Development Pipeline (PDP) is a collaborative
effort between Major League Baseball and USA Baseball to
establish a developmental pipeline leading to the
professional draft. Players participating in the PDP undergo
comprehensive evaluations that measure athletic performance,
speed-of-processing, visual function, and on-field talent.
The present study evaluated data from 1352 elite junior male
PDP participants (aged 14 to 21) who signed informed
consent, collected between 2017 and 2020, to identify latent
abilities and their association with player specialization.
Data were first subjected to Exploratory Factor Analysis
(EFA) to reduce the 22 measured variables to a smaller set
of latent abilities. The resulting factors were evaluated
using multiple linear regression to predict each factor
using age, height, weight, and position. EFA revealed a
combination of physical and psychomotor skills accounting
for 52% of the overall variance that grouped into four
abilities: grip strength, functional vision, explosiveness,
and rapid decision-making. Regression analyses demonstrated
that these skills are associated with position assignments,
controlling for age, weight, and height, and revealed that
outfielders are the most explosive, infielders perform best
on psychomotor measures, and catchers perform best on
functional vision tests (ps < 0.001). These findings
indicate skills that contribute to player specialization,
providing new information about the developmental trajectory
of junior elite baseball athletes that can be used for
scouting and player development.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0278689},
Key = {fds369099}
}
@article{fds361836,
Author = {Neacsiu, AD and Beynel, L and Graner, JL and Szabo, ST and Appelbaum,
LG and Smoski, MJ and LaBar, KS},
Title = {Enhancing cognitive restructuring with concurrent
fMRI-guided neurostimulation for emotional dysregulation-A
randomized controlled trial.},
Journal = {J Affect Disord},
Volume = {301},
Pages = {378-389},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.053},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Transdiagnostic clinical emotional dysregulation
is a key component of many mental health disorders and
offers an avenue to address multiple disorders with one
transdiagnostic treatment. In the current study, we pilot an
intervention that combines a one-time teaching and practice
of cognitive restructuring (CR) with repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation (rTMS), targeted based on functional
magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS: Thirty-seven
clinical adults who self-reported high emotional
dysregulation were enrolled in this randomized,
double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. fMRI was collected
as participants were reminded of lifetime stressors and
asked to downregulate their distress using CR tactics. fMRI
BOLD data were analyzed to identify the cluster of voxels
within the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) with
the highest activation when participants attempted to
downregulate, versus passively remember, distressing
memories. Participants underwent active or sham rTMS (10 Hz)
over the left dlPFC target while practicing CR following
emotional induction using recent autobiographical stressors.
RESULTS: Receiving active versus sham rTMS led to
significantly higher high frequency heart rate variability
during regulation, lower regulation duration during the
intervention, and higher likelihood to use CR during the
week following the intervention. There were no differences
between conditions when administering neurostimulation alone
without the CR skill and compared to sham. Participants in
the sham versus active condition experienced less distress
the week after the intervention. There were no differences
between conditions at the one-month follow up. CONCLUSION:
This study demonstrated that combining active rTMS with
emotion regulation training for one session significantly
enhances emotion regulation and augments the impact of
training for as long as a week. These findings are a
promising step towards a combined intervention for
transdiagnostic emotion dysregulation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.053},
Key = {fds361836}
}
@article{fds362795,
Author = {Dubljević, V and Young, JR and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Diversifying the Bioethics Funding Landscape: The Case of
TMS.},
Journal = {Am J Bioeth},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {28-30},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2021.2001106},
Doi = {10.1080/15265161.2021.2001106},
Key = {fds362795}
}
@article{fds359595,
Author = {Neacsiu, AD and Beynel, L and Powers, JP and Szabo, ST and Appelbaum,
LG and Lisanby, SH and LaBar, KS},
Title = {Enhancing Cognitive Restructuring with Concurrent Repetitive
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A Transdiagnostic
Randomized Controlled Trial.},
Journal = {Psychother Psychosom},
Volume = {91},
Number = {2},
Pages = {94-106},
Year = {2022},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000518957},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Emotional dysregulation constitutes a serious
public health problem in need of novel transdiagnostic
treatments. OBJECTIVE: To this aim, we developed and tested
a one-time intervention that integrates behavioral skills
training with concurrent repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulation (rTMS). METHODS: Forty-six adults who met
criteria for at least one DSM-5 disorder and self-reported
low use of cognitive restructuring (CR) were enrolled in a
randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial that used a
between-subjects design. Participants were taught CR and
underwent active rTMS applied at 10 Hz over the right (n =
17) or left (n = 14) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC)
or sham rTMS (n = 15) while practicing reframing and
emotional distancing in response to autobiographical
stressors. RESULTS: Those who received active left or active
right as opposed to sham rTMS exhibited enhanced regulation
(ds = 0.21-0.62) as measured by psychophysiological indices
during the intervention (higher high-frequency heart rate
variability, lower regulation duration). Those who received
active rTMS over the left dlPFC also self-reported reduced
distress throughout the intervention (d = 0.30), higher
likelihood to use CR, and lower daily distress during the
week following the intervention. The procedures were
acceptable and feasible with few side effects. CONCLUSIONS:
These findings show that engaging frontal circuits
simultaneously with cognitive skills training and rTMS may
be clinically feasible, well-tolerated and may show promise
for the treatment of transdiagnostic emotional
dysregulation. Larger follow-up studies are needed to
confirm the efficacy of this novel therapeutic
approach.},
Doi = {10.1159/000518957},
Key = {fds359595}
}
@article{fds364090,
Author = {Laby, DM and Appelbaum, LG and Hülsdünker, T and Putrino,
D},
Title = {Editorial: Neural Mechanisms of Perceptual-Cognitive
Expertise in Elite Performers.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience},
Volume = {16},
Pages = {923816},
Year = {2022},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.923816},
Doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2022.923816},
Key = {fds364090}
}
@article{fds359594,
Author = {Beynel, L and Dannhauer, M and Palmer, H and Hilbig, SA and Crowell, CA and Wang, JE-H and Michael, AM and Wood, EA and Luber, B and Lisanby, SH and Peterchev, AV and Cabeza, R and Davis, SW and Appelbaum,
LG},
Title = {Network-based rTMS to modulate working memory: The difficult
choice of effective parameters for online
interventions.},
Journal = {Brain and Behavior},
Volume = {11},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e2361},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.2361},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Online repetitive transcranialmagnetic
stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to modulate working memory
(WM) performance in a site-specific manner, with behavioral
improvements due to stimulation of the dorsolateral
prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and impairment from stimulation
to the lateral parietal cortex (LPC). Neurobehavioral
studies have demonstrated that subprocesses of WM allowing
for the maintenance and manipulation of information in the
mind involve unique cortical networks. Despite promising
evidence of modulatory effects of rTMS on WM, no studies
have yet demonstrated distinct modulatory control of these
two subprocesses. The current study therefore sought to
explore this possibility through site-specific stimulation
during an online task invoking both skills. METHODS:
Twenty-nine subjects completed a 4-day protocol, in which
active or sham 5Hz rTMS was applied over the DLPFC and LPC
in separate blocks of trials while participants performed
tasks that required either maintenance alone, or both
maintenance and manipulation (alphabetization) of
information. Stimulation targets were defined individually
based on fMRI activation and structural network properties.
Stimulation amplitude was adjusted using electric field
modeling to equate induced current in the target region
across participants. RESULTS: Despite the use of advanced
techniques, no significant differences or interactions
between active and sham stimulation were found. Exploratory
analyses testing stimulation amplitude, fMRI activation, and
modal controllability showed nonsignificant but interesting
trends with rTMS effects. CONCLUSION: While this study did
not reveal any significant behavioral changes in WM, the
results may point to parameters that contribute to positive
effects, such as stimulation amplitude and functional
activation.},
Doi = {10.1002/brb3.2361},
Key = {fds359594}
}
@article{fds358711,
Author = {Young, JR and Galla, JT and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment for Smoking
Cessation: An Introduction for Primary Care
Clinicians.},
Journal = {Am J Med},
Volume = {134},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1339-1343},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.06.037},
Abstract = {Tobacco use remains the number one preventable cause of
death in the United States, resulting in significant public
health and economic costs. Despite progress in reducing
tobacco use through pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy
smoking cessation interventions, additional treatment
options are still needed to improve treatment effectiveness.
As an adjunctive treatment, the US Food and Drug
Administration recently cleared transcranial magnetic
stimulation (TMS), a noninvasive brain stimulation
technique, as an aid for smoking cessation in adults. Given
that most smoking cessation interventions occur in the
primary care setting, this article aims to introduce TMS, to
provide an overview of the evidence of TMS for smoking
cessation, and to outline the procedures for implementing
TMS in the primary care setting when referral to an
interventional psychiatrist is not possible. With growing
scientific evidence and increasing regulatory approval of
TMS for smoking cessation, this novel treatment option is
now available for patients who want to quit smoking but have
been unsuccessful with pharmacologic approaches.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.06.037},
Key = {fds358711}
}
@article{fds359930,
Author = {Liu, S and Folstein, JR and Appelbaum, LG and Tenenbaum,
G},
Title = {Effects of control strategies on the activation of unwanted
intrusive thoughts in elite athletes.},
Journal = {J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform},
Volume = {47},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1395-1408},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000945},
Abstract = {Unwanted intrusive thoughts (UITs) are negative ruminations
that occur commonly and show similar characteristics between
clinical and nonclinical forms. Despite their prevalence and
impact, the control processes of UITs remain unclear. This
study aimed to capture the effects of three thought-control
strategies on UITs through an interventional design with
individualized choking thoughts among Elite athletes, while
measuring behavioral and brain responses. Ninety athletes
recollected recent "choking" experiences prior to being
randomized into one of three groups that used either
acceptance, suppression, or passive monitoring (control
condition). The activation of choking thoughts during and
after the thought control intervention was gauged through
three measurement approaches, including conscious presence
in mind, priming, as well as the amplitudes of the P3b and
N400 event-related potentials (ERPs). To strengthen the
causal inferences concerning thought control strategies,
athletes' working memory capacity was measured and
controlled at baseline. Results indicated that, relative to
passive monitoring, suppression led to enhanced priming and
reduced conscious presence of UITs, whereas acceptance
resulted in an opposite pattern of reduced priming and
increased conscious presence of UITs. Moreover, UIT-related
stimuli elicited less negative-going N400 amplitudes and
more positive-going P3b amplitudes than UIT-irrelevant
stimuli, although no effect of thought control strategies
was identified on the ERPs. These findings contribute to the
theoretical and mechanistic understanding of UIT control
processes by revealing subtle effects of two fundamental UIT
control strategies: suppression and acceptance. Such
insights also bear meaningful applied implications.
(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights
reserved).},
Doi = {10.1037/xhp0000945},
Key = {fds359930}
}
@article{fds358315,
Author = {Laby, DM and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Review: Vision and On-field Performance: A Critical Review
of Visual Assessment and Training Studies with
Athletes.},
Journal = {Optom Vis Sci},
Volume = {98},
Number = {7},
Pages = {723-731},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000001729},
Abstract = {Sports vision is an emerging field that seeks to establish
the relationships between visual function and sports
performance. Here we provide the first critical review of
empirical studies that attempt to link visual assessments
and vision training to competitive game performance.Vision
is essential to producing controlled movement, and
therefore, it is intuitive that better visual abilities
should relate to better sporting performance. This notion
has been central to the field of sports vision, an area of
study that seeks to determine the visual skills that
underlie optimal sports performance and investigate
approaches to train these abilities to improve sports
performance. Although this field now contains hundreds of
published articles addressing visual assessment and training
in athletes, relatively few have attempted to directly link
these capabilities to on-field production statistics from
competitive matches. The objectives of this article are both
to describe the theoretical and experimental framework
necessary for such research and to critically review the
empirical literature that has attempted to directly link
visual assessments and/or training to athletic performance.
We begin by describing why such associations are important
and then provide an evidence-based framework for evaluating
the quality of research in this domain. This is followed by
a summary and review of the qualified literature that has
addressed either relationships between baseline assessments
and game performance or the effects of visual training
interventions on game performance. Based on this review, it
is concluded that, despite promising evidence supporting the
role of vision in sports performance and improvements due to
training, the specialty is still in need of methodological
improvements. It is recommended that studies aim for larger
better-powered studies, consistent and precise outcome
measures, and greater scientific rigor such as obtained
through randomized placebo-controlled designs with
pre-registration of hypotheses.},
Doi = {10.1097/OPX.0000000000001729},
Key = {fds358315}
}
@article{fds358314,
Author = {Fogt, N and Appelbaum, LG and Dalton, K and Erickson, G and Gray,
R},
Title = {Guest Editorial: Visual Function and Sports
Performance.},
Journal = {Optom Vis Sci},
Volume = {98},
Number = {7},
Pages = {669-671},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000001717},
Doi = {10.1097/OPX.0000000000001717},
Key = {fds358314}
}
@article{fds357346,
Author = {Laby, DM and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Comment on Nascimento et al. Citations Network Analysis of
Vision and Sport. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020,
17, 7574.},
Journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health},
Volume = {18},
Number = {12},
Pages = {6488},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126488},
Abstract = {In October 2020, the paper [...].},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph18126488},
Key = {fds357346}
}
@article{fds358005,
Author = {Liu, S and Clements, JM and Kirsch, EP and Rao, HM and Zielinski, DJ and Lu, Y and Mainsah, BO and Potter, ND and Sommer, MA and Kopper, R and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Psychophysiological Markers of Performance and Learning
during Simulated Marksmanship in Immersive Virtual
Reality.},
Journal = {J Cogn Neurosci},
Volume = {33},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1253-1270},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01713},
Abstract = {The fusion of immersive virtual reality, kinematic movement
tracking, and EEG offers a powerful test bed for
naturalistic neuroscience research. Here, we combined these
elements to investigate the neuro-behavioral mechanisms
underlying precision visual-motor control as 20 participants
completed a three-visit, visual-motor, coincidence-anticipation
task, modeled after Olympic Trap Shooting and performed in
immersive and interactive virtual reality. Analyses of the
kinematic metrics demonstrated learning of more efficient
movements with significantly faster hand RTs, earlier
trigger response times, and higher spatial precision,
leading to an average of 13% improvement in shot scores
across the visits. As revealed through spectral and
time-locked analyses of the EEG beta band (13-30 Hz), power
measured prior to target launch and visual-evoked potential
amplitudes measured immediately after the target launch
correlated with subsequent reactive kinematic performance in
the shooting task. Moreover, both launch-locked and
shot/feedback-locked visual-evoked potentials became earlier
and more negative with practice, pointing to neural
mechanisms that may contribute to the development of
visual-motor proficiency. Collectively, these findings
illustrate EEG and kinematic biomarkers of precision motor
control and changes in the neurophysiological substrates
that may underlie motor learning.},
Doi = {10.1162/jocn_a_01713},
Key = {fds358005}
}
@article{fds356042,
Author = {Beynel, L and Campbell, E and Naclerio, M and Galla, JT and Ghosal, A and Michael, AM and Kimbrel, NA and Davis, SW and Appelbaum,
LG},
Title = {The Effects of Functionally Guided, Connectivity-Based rTMS
on Amygdala Activation.},
Journal = {Brain Sciences},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {494},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11040494},
Abstract = {While repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is
widely used to treat psychiatric disorders, innovations are
needed to improve its efficacy. An important limitation is
that while psychiatric disorders are associated with
fronto-limbic dysregulation, rTMS does not have sufficient
depth penetration to modulate affected subcortical
structures. Recent advances in task-related functional
connectivity provide a means to better link superficial and
deeper cortical sources with the possibility of increasing
fronto-limbic modulation to induce stronger therapeutic
effects. The objective of this pilot study was to test
whether task-related, connectivity-based rTMS could modulate
amygdala activation through its connectivity with the medial
prefrontal cortex (mPFC). fMRI was collected to identify a
node in the mPFC showing the strongest connectivity with the
amygdala, as defined by psychophysiological interaction
analysis. To promote Hebbian-like plasticity, and
potentially stronger modulation, 5 Hz rTMS was applied while
participants viewed frightening video-clips that engaged the
fronto-limbic network. Significant increases in both the
mPFC and amygdala were found for active rTMS compared to
sham, offering promising preliminary evidence that
functional connectivity-based targeting may provide a useful
approach to treat network dysregulation. Further research is
needed to better understand connectivity influences on rTMS
effects to leverage this information to improve therapeutic
applications.},
Doi = {10.3390/brainsci11040494},
Key = {fds356042}
}
@article{fds358938,
Author = {Neacsiu, A and Beynel, L and Powers, J and Szabo, S and Appelbaum, L and Lisanby, S and LaBar, K},
Title = {Enhancing Cognitive Restructuring with Concurrent Repetitive
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A Transdiagnostic
Randomized Controlled Trial},
Year = {2021},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.18.21250060},
Abstract = {<h4>Introduction</h4> Emotional dysregulation constitutes a
serious public health problem in need of novel
transdiagnostic treatments. <h4>Objective</h4> To this aim,
we developed and tested a one-time intervention that
integrates behavioral skills training with concurrent
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).
<h4>Methods</h4> Forty-six adults who met criteria for at
least one DSM-5 disorder and self-reported low use of
cognitive restructuring (CR) were enrolled in a randomized,
double-blind, sham-controlled trial that used a
between-subjects design. Participants were taught CR and
underwent active rTMS applied at 10 Hz over the right (n=
17) or left (n= 14) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC)
or sham rTMS (n= 15) while practicing reframing and
emotional distancing in response to autobiographical
stressors. <h4>Results</h4> Those who received active left
or active right as opposed to sham rTMS exhibited enhanced
regulation ( d s = 0.21 - 0.62) as measured by
psychophysiological indices during the intervention (higher
high-frequency heart rate variability, lower regulation
duration). Those who received active rTMS over the left
DLPFC also self-reported reduced distress througout the
intervention ( d = 0.30), higher likelihood to use CR, and
lower daily distress during the week following the
intervention. The procedures were acceptable and feasible
with few side effects. <h4>Conclusions</h4> These findings
show that engaging frontal circuits simultaneously with
cognitive skills training and rTMS may be clinically
feasible, well-tolerated and may show promise for the
treatment of transdiagnostic emotional dysregulation. Larger
follow up studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of this
novel therapeutic approach.},
Doi = {10.1101/2021.01.18.21250060},
Key = {fds358938}
}
@article{fds351223,
Author = {Liu, S and Ferris, LM and Hilbig, S and Asamoa, E and LaRue, JL and Lyon,
D and Connolly, K and Port, N and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Dynamic vision training transfers positively to batting
practice performance among collegiate baseball
batters},
Journal = {Psychology of Sport and Exercise},
Volume = {51},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101759},
Abstract = {A growing body of evidence demonstrates visual, perceptual,
and oculomotor abilities contribute to batting performance
in baseball and there is interest in whether training such
abilities can transfer positively to batting performance.
The current study tested this question through a
pre-registered, randomized, and placebo-controlled
intervention, conducted with 24 collegiate baseball players
at two NCAA Division 1 universities. Athletes were
randomized to receive either dynamic vision training
consisting of stroboscopic, anticipatory timing, and eye
quickness drills, or placebo drills stylized after control
procedures in previous vision therapy studies. Generalized
near-transfer was tested via a digital visual-motor task
battery (n = 20), while sports-specific intermediate and far
transfer of training were evaluated through instrumented
batting practice metrics (n = 14) and box score performance
in NCAA-sanctioned games (n = 12), respectively. The effects
of training group were tested on these outcome measures
while controlling for covariates such as pre-training
expectations and site. Participants averaged 8.50 hours of
training with no significant group differences in training
adherence, expectations, or baseline assessments. ANCOVA
revealed no group differences in measures of visual-motor
skills or NCAA game statistics. However, batting practice
demonstrated significant improvements in launch angle (p =
0.002, Cohen's d = 0.74) and hit distance (p < 0.001,
Cohen's d = 0.70) for the active training cohort relative to
the placebo control. This controlled and pre-registered
pilot study therefore provides preliminary evidence that
vision training may improve batting practice performance,
creating new opportunities for the transfer of skill
training and warranting further study.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101759},
Key = {fds351223}
}
@article{fds351416,
Author = {Gamboa Arana and OL and Palmer, H and Dannhauer, M and Hile, C and Liu, S and Hamdan, R and Brito, A and Cabeza, R and Davis, SW and Peterchev, AV and Sommer, MA and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Intensity- and timing-dependent modulation of motion
perception with transcranial magnetic stimulation of visual
cortex.},
Journal = {Neuropsychologia},
Volume = {147},
Pages = {107581},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107581},
Abstract = {Despite the widespread use of transcranial magnetic
stimulation (TMS) in research and clinical care, the
dose-response relations and neurophysiological correlates of
modulatory effects remain relatively unexplored. To fill
this gap, we studied modulation of visual processing as a
function of TMS parameters. Our approach combined
electroencephalography (EEG) with application of single
pulse TMS to visual cortex as participants performed a
motion perception task. During each participants' first
visit, motion coherence thresholds, 64-channel visual evoked
potentials (VEPs), and TMS resting motor thresholds (RMT)
were measured. In second and third visits, single pulse TMS
was delivered at one of two latencies, either 30 ms before
the onset of motion or at the onset latency of the N2 VEP
component derived from the first session. TMS was delivered
at 0%, 80%, 100%, or 120% of RMT over the site of N2 peak
activity, or at 120% over vertex. Behavioral results
demonstrated a significant main effect of TMS timing on
accuracy, with better performance when TMS was applied at
the N2-Onset timing versus Pre-Onset, as well as a
significant interaction, indicating that 80% intensity
produced higher accuracy than other conditions at the
N2-Onset. TMS effects on the P3 VEP showed reduced
amplitudes in the 80% Pre-Onset condition, an increase for
the 120% N2-Onset condition, and monotonic amplitude scaling
with stimulation intensity. The N2 component was not
affected by TMS. These findings reveal the influence of TMS
intensity and timing on visual perception and
electrophysiological responses, with optimal facilitation at
stimulation intensities below RMT.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107581},
Key = {fds351416}
}
@article{fds351500,
Author = {Powers, JP and Davis, SW and Neacsiu, AD and Beynel, L and Appelbaum,
LG and LaBar, KS},
Title = {Examining the Role of Lateral Parietal Cortex in Emotional
Distancing Using TMS.},
Journal = {Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci},
Volume = {20},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1090-1102},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13415-020-00821-5},
Abstract = {We recently proposed a neurocognitive model of distancing-an
emotion regulation tactic-with a focus on the lateral
parietal cortex. Although this brain area has been
implicated in both cognitive control and self-projection
processes during distancing, fMRI work suggests that these
processes may be dissociable here. This preregistered
(NCT03698591) study tested the contribution of left
temporoparietal junction (TPJ) to distancing using
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. We
hypothesized that inhibiting left TPJ would decrease the
efficiency of distancing but not distraction, another
regulation tactic with similar cognitive control
requirements, thus implicating this region in the
self-projection processes unique to distancing. Active and
sham continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) were applied
to 30 healthy adults in a single-session crossover design.
Tactic efficiency was measured using online reports of
valence and effort. The stimulation target was established
from the group TPJ fMRI activation peak in an independent
sample using the same distancing task, and anatomical MRI
scans were used for individual targeting. Analyses employed
both repeated-measures ANOVA and analytic procedures
tailored to crossover designs. Irrespective of cTBS,
distancing led to greater decreases in negative valence over
time relative to distraction, and distancing effort
decreased over time while distraction effort remained
stable. Exploratory analyses also revealed that active cTBS
made distancing more effortful, but not distraction. Thus,
left TPJ seems to support self-projection processes in
distancing, and these processes may be facilitated by
repeated use. These findings help to clarify the role of
lateral parietal cortex in distancing and inform
applications of distancing and distraction.},
Doi = {10.3758/s13415-020-00821-5},
Key = {fds351500}
}
@article{fds349781,
Author = {Crowell, CA and Davis, SW and Beynel, L and Deng, L and Lakhlani, D and Hilbig, SA and Palmer, H and Brito, A and Peterchev, AV and Luber, B and Lisanby, SH and Appelbaum, LG and Cabeza, R},
Title = {Older adults benefit from more widespread brain network
integration during working memory.},
Journal = {Neuroimage},
Volume = {218},
Pages = {116959},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116959},
Abstract = {Neuroimaging evidence suggests that the aging brain relies
on a more distributed set of cortical regions than younger
adults in order to maintain successful levels of performance
during demanding cognitive tasks. However, it remains
unclear how task demands give rise to this age-related
expansion in cortical networks. To investigate this issue,
functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure
univariate activity, network connectivity, and cognitive
performance in younger and older adults during a working
memory (WM) task. Here, individuals performed a WM task in
which they held letters online while reordering them
alphabetically. WM load was titrated to obtain four
individualized difficulty levels with different set sizes.
Network integration-defined as the ratio of within-versus
between-network connectivity-was linked to individual
differences in WM capacity. The study yielded three main
findings. First, as task difficulty increased, network
integration decreased in younger adults, whereas it
increased in older adults. Second, age-related increases in
network integration were driven by increases in right
hemisphere connectivity to both left and right cortical
regions, a finding that helps to reconcile existing theories
of compensatory recruitment in aging. Lastly, older adults
with higher WM capacity demonstrated higher levels of
network integration in the most difficult task condition.
These results shed light on the mechanisms of age-related
network reorganization by demonstrating that changes in
network connectivity may act as an adaptive form of
compensation, with older adults recruiting a more
distributed cortical network as task demands
increase.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116959},
Key = {fds349781}
}
@article{fds351078,
Author = {Beynel, L and Deng, L and Crowell, CA and Dannhauer, M and Palmer, H and Hilbig, S and Peterchev, AV and Luber, B and Lisanby, SH and Cabeza, R and Appelbaum, LG and Davis, SW},
Title = {Structural Controllability Predicts Functional Patterns and
Brain Stimulation Benefits Associated with Working
Memory.},
Journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
Volume = {40},
Number = {35},
Pages = {6770-6778},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0531-20.2020},
Abstract = {The brain is an inherently dynamic system, and much work has
focused on the ability to modify neural activity through
both local perturbations and changes in the function of
global network ensembles. Network controllability is a
recent concept in network neuroscience that purports to
predict the influence of individual cortical sites on global
network states and state changes, thereby creating a
unifying account of local influences on global brain
dynamics. While this notion is accepted in engineering
science, it is subject to ongoing debates in neuroscience as
empirical evidence linking network controllability to brain
activity and human behavior remains scarce. Here, we present
an integrated set of multimodal brain-behavior relationships
derived from fMRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and online
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied
during an individually calibrated working memory task
performed by individuals of both sexes. The modes describing
the structural network system dynamics showed direct
relationships to brain activity associated with task
difficulty, with difficult-to-reach modes contributing to
functional brain states in the hard task condition. Modal
controllability (a measure quantifying the contribution of
difficult-to-reach modes) at the stimulated site predicted
both fMRI activations associated with increasing task
difficulty and rTMS benefits on task performance.
Furthermore, fMRI explained 64% of the variance between
modal controllability and the working memory benefit
associated with 5 Hz online rTMS. These results therefore
provide evidence toward the functional validity of network
control theory, and outline a clear technique for
integrating structural network topology and functional
activity to predict the influence of stimulation on
subsequent behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The network
controllability concept proposes that specific cortical
nodes are able to steer the brain into certain physiological
states. By applying external perturbation to these control
nodes, it is theorized that brain stimulation is able to
selectively target difficult-to-reach states, potentially
aiding processing and improving performance on cognitive
tasks. The current study used rTMS and fMRI during a working
memory task to test this hypothesis. We demonstrate that
network controllability correlates with fMRI modulation
because of working memory load and with the behavioral
improvements that result from a multivisit intervention
using 5 Hz rTMS. This study demonstrates the validity of
network controllability and offers a new targeting approach
to improve efficacy.},
Doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0531-20.2020},
Key = {fds351078}
}
@article{fds350574,
Author = {Liu, S and Edmunds, FR and Burris, K and Appelbaum,
LG},
Title = {Visual and oculomotor abilities predict professional
baseball batting performance},
Journal = {International Journal of Performance Analysis in
Sport},
Volume = {20},
Number = {4},
Pages = {683-700},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2020.1777819},
Abstract = {Scientists and practitioners have long debated about the
specific visual skills needed to excel at hitting a pitched
baseball. To advance this debate, we evaluated the
relationship between pre-season visual and oculomotor
evaluations and pitch-by-pitch season performance data from
professional baseball batters. Eye tracking, visual-motor,
and optometric evaluations collected during spring training
2018 were obtained from 71 professional baseball players.
Pitch-level data from Trackman 3D Doppler radar were
obtained from these players during the subsequent season and
used to generate batting propensity scores for swinging at
pitches out of the strike zone (O-Swing), swinging at
pitches in the strike zone (Z-Swing), and swinging at, but
missing pitches in the strike zone (Z-Miss). Nested
regression models to tested which evaluation(s) best
predicted standardised plate discipline scores as well as
batters’ highest attained league levels during the season.
Results indicated that visual evaluations relying on eye
tracking (smooth pursuit accuracy and oculomotor processing
speed) significantly predicted the highest attained league
level andpropensity scores associated with O-Swing and
Z-Swing, but not Z-Miss. These exploratory findings indicate
that batters with superior visual and oculomotor abilities
are more discerning at the plate. These results provide new
information about the role of vision in baseball
batting.},
Doi = {10.1080/24748668.2020.1777819},
Key = {fds350574}
}
@article{fds349666,
Author = {Gamboa, OL and Brito, A and Abzug, Z and D'Arbeloff, T and Beynel, L and Wing, EA and Dannhauer, M and Palmer, H and Hilbig, SA and Crowell, CA and Liu, S and Donaldson, R and Cabeza, R and Davis, SW and Peterchev, AV and Sommer, MA and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Application of long-interval paired-pulse transcranial
magnetic stimulation to motion-sensitive visual cortex does
not lead to changes in motion discrimination.},
Journal = {Neurosci Lett},
Volume = {730},
Pages = {135022},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135022},
Abstract = {The perception of visual motion is dependent on a set of
occipitotemporal regions that are readily accessible to
neuromodulation. The current study tested if paired-pulse
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (ppTMS) could modulate
motion perception by stimulating the occipital cortex as
participants viewed near-threshold motion dot stimuli. In
this sham-controlled study, fifteen subjects completed two
sessions. On the first visit, resting motor threshold (RMT)
was assessed, and participants performed an adaptive
direction discrimination task to determine individual motion
sensitivity. During the second visit, subjects performed the
task with three difficulty levels as TMS pulses were
delivered 150 and 50 ms prior to motion stimulus onset at
120% RMT, under the logic that the cumulative inhibitory
effect of these pulses would alter motion sensitivity. ppTMS
was delivered at one of two locations: 3 cm dorsal and
5 cm lateral to inion (scalp-based coordinate), or at the
site of peak activation for "motion" according to the
NeuroSynth fMRI database (meta-analytic coordinate). Sham
stimulation was delivered on one-third of trials by tilting
the coil 90°. Analyses showed no significant
active-versus-sham effects of ppTMS when stimulation was
delivered to the meta-analytic (p = 0.15) or scalp-based
coordinates (p = 0.17), which were separated by 29 mm
on average. Active-versus-sham stimulation differences did
not interact with either stimulation location (p = 0.12)
or difficulty (p = 0.33). These findings fail to support
the hypothesis that long-interval ppTMS recruits inhibitory
processes in motion-sensitive cortex but must be considered
within the limited parameters used in this
design.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135022},
Key = {fds349666}
}
@article{fds366337,
Author = {Beynel, L and Powers, JP and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on
resting-state connectivity: A systematic
review.},
Journal = {Neuroimage},
Volume = {211},
Pages = {116596},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116596},
Abstract = {The brain is organized into networks that reorganize
dynamically in response to cognitive demands and exogenous
stimuli. In recent years, repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulation (rTMS) has gained increasing use as a
noninvasive means to modulate cortical physiology, with
effects both proximal to the stimulation site and in distal
areas that are intrinsically connected to the proximal
target. In light of these network-level neuromodulatory
effects, there has been a rapid growth in studies attempting
to leverage information about network connectivity to
improve neuromodulatory control and intervention outcomes.
However, the mechanisms-of-action of rTMS on network-level
effects remain poorly understood and is based primarily on
heuristics from proximal stimulation findings. To help
bridge this gap, the current paper presents a systematic
review of 33 rTMS studies with baseline and post-rTMS
measures of fMRI resting-state functional connectivity
(RSFC). Literature synthesis revealed variability across
studies in stimulation parameters, studied populations, and
connectivity analysis methodology. Despite this variability,
it is observed that active rTMS induces significant changes
on RSFC, but the prevalent low-frequency-inhibition/high-frequency-facilitation
heuristic endorsed for proximal rTMS effects does not fully
describe distal connectivity findings. This review also
points towards other important considerations, including
that the majority of rTMS-induced changes were found outside
the stimulated functional network, suggesting that rTMS
effects tend to spread across networks. Future studies may
therefore wish to adopt conventions and systematic
frameworks, such as the Yeo functional connectivity
parcellation atlas adopted here, to better characterize
network-level effect that contribute to the efficacy of
these rapidly developing noninvasive interventions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116596},
Key = {fds366337}
}
@article{fds349549,
Author = {Beynel, L and Davis, SW and Crowell, CA and Dannhauer, M and Lim, W and Palmer, H and Hilbig, SA and Brito, A and Hile, C and Luber, B and Lisanby,
SH and Peterchev, AV and Cabeza, R and Appelbaum,
LG},
Title = {Site-Specific Effects of Online rTMS during a Working Memory
Task in Healthy Older Adults.},
Journal = {Brain Sciences},
Volume = {10},
Number = {5},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10050255},
Abstract = {The process of manipulating information within working
memory is central to many cognitive functions, but also
declines rapidly in old age. Improving this process could
markedly enhance the health-span in older adults. The
current pre-registered, randomized and placebo-controlled
study tested the potential of online repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied at 5 Hz over the left
lateral parietal cortex to enhance working memory
manipulation in healthy elderly adults. rTMS was applied,
while participants performed a delayed-response
alphabetization task with two individually titrated levels
of difficulty. Coil placement and stimulation amplitude were
calculated from fMRI activation maps combined with electric
field modeling on an individual-subject basis in order to
standardize dosing at the targeted cortical location.
Contrary to the a priori hypothesis, active rTMS
significantly decreased accuracy relative to sham, and only
in the hardest difficulty level. When compared to the
results from our previous study, in which rTMS was applied
over the left prefrontal cortex, we found equivalent effect
sizes but opposite directionality suggesting a site-specific
effect of rTMS. These results demonstrate engagement of
cortical working memory processing using a novel TMS
targeting approach, while also providing prescriptions for
future studies seeking to enhance memory through
rTMS.},
Doi = {10.3390/brainsci10050255},
Key = {fds349549}
}
@article{fds347371,
Author = {Burris, K and Liu, S and Appelbaum, L},
Title = {Visual-motor expertise in athletes: Insights from
semiparametric modelling of 2317 athletes tested on the Nike
SPARQ Sensory Station.},
Journal = {J Sports Sci},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {320-329},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2019.1698090},
Abstract = {Elite athletes not only run faster, hit harder, and jump
higher, but also see and react better. However, the specific
visual-motor skills that differentiate high-achieving
athletes are still not well understood. In this paper we
examine 2317 athletes (1871 male) tested on the Nike SPARQ
Sensory Station, a digital test battery measuring visual,
perceptual and motor skills relevant for sports performance.
We develop a multivariate Gaussian transformation model to
robustly estimate visual-motor differences by level, gender,
and sport type. Results demonstrate that visual-motor
performance is superior for athletes at higher levels, with
males faster at near-far eye movements and females faster at
eye-hand reaction times. Interestingly, athletes who play
interceptive sports such as baseball and tennis exhibit
better measures of visual clarity, contrast sensitivity and
simple reaction time, while athletes from strategic sports
like soccer and basketball have higher measures of spatial
working memory. These findings provide quantitative evidence
of domain-specific visual expertise in athletes.},
Doi = {10.1080/02640414.2019.1698090},
Key = {fds347371}
}
@article{fds351160,
Author = {Wilkins, L and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {An early review of stroboscopic visual training: insights,
challenges and accomplishments to guide future
studies},
Journal = {International Review of Sport and Exercise
Psychology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {65-80},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2019.1582081},
Abstract = {Stroboscopic visual training (SVT) is a form of training in
which an individual practices a task under intermittent
visual conditions with the intention of enhancing subsequent
performance under normal visual conditions. Training with
stroboscopic devices is theorized to improve important
visual, perceptual, and cognitive skills, which in turn
transfers to enhanced sporting performance. Indeed, while
there is an abundance of anecdotal evidence suggesting
benefits of strobe training, empirical evidence is rarer and
less conclusive. This lack of clarity is due, in part, to
the challenging methodological issues faced when conducting
experimental vision training studies in applied contexts.
The present paper is an early review of the research to date
with a focus on the key methodological decisions, such as
the training and testing protocols employed, participant
samples and control groups used, and practical
considerations that enable such training in applied
settings. Whilst still at an early stage, the existing
studies point to SVT enhancing some aspects of foveal visual
sensitivity and visual motor control, with notable benefits
for some athletic tasks. Such improvements could have
implications not just in sport, but in domains such as
rehabilitation, education, and motor vehicle
safety.},
Doi = {10.1080/1750984X.2019.1582081},
Key = {fds351160}
}
@article{fds348936,
Author = {Cox, ML and Deng, Z-D and Palmer, H and Watts, A and Beynel, L and Young,
JR and Lisanby, SH and Migaly, J and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Utilizing transcranial direct current stimulation to enhance
laparoscopic technical skills training: A randomized
controlled trial.},
Journal = {Brain Stimul},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {863-872},
Year = {2020},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2020.03.009},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that delivers
constant, low electrical current resulting in changes to
cortical excitability. Prior work suggests it may enhance
motor learning giving it the potential to augment surgical
technical skill acquisition. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this
study was to test the efficacy of tDCS, coupled with motor
skill training, to accelerate laparoscopic skill acquisition
in a pre-registered (NCT03083483), double-blind and
placebo-controlled study. We hypothesized that relative to
sham tDCS, active tDCS would accelerate the development of
laparoscopic technical skills, as measured by the
Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) Peg Transfer task
quantitative metrics. METHODS: In this study, sixty subjects
(mean age 22.7 years with 42 females) were randomized into
sham or active tDCS in either bilateral primary motor cortex
(bM1) or supplementary motor area (SMA) electrode
configurations. All subjects practiced the FLS Peg Transfer
Task during six 20-min training blocks, which were preceded
and followed by a single trial pre-test and post-test. The
primary outcome was changes in laparoscopic skill
performance over time, quantified by group differences in
completion time from pre-test to post-test and learning
curves developed from a calculated score accounting for
errors. RESULTS: Learning curves calculated over the six
20-min training blocks showed significantly greater
improvement in performance for the bM1 group than the sham
group (t = 2.07, p = 0.039), with the bM1 group
achieving approximately the same amount of improvement in 4
blocks compared to the 6 blocks required of the sham group.
The SMA group also showed greater mean improvement than
sham, but exhibited more variable learning performance and
differences relative to sham were not significant
(t = 0.85, p = 0.400). A significant main effect was
present for pre-test versus post-test times (F = 133.2,
p < 0.001), with lower completion times at post-test,
however these did not significantly differ for the training
groups. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic skill training with active
bilateral tDCS exhibited significantly greater learning
relative to sham. The potential for tDCS to enhance the
training of surgical skills, therefore, merits further
investigation to determine if these preliminary results may
be replicated and extended.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.brs.2020.03.009},
Key = {fds348936}
}
@article{fds349143,
Author = {Young, JR and Smani, SA and Mischel, NA and Kritzer, MD and Appelbaum,
LG and Patkar, AA},
Title = {Non-invasive brain stimulation modalities for the treatment
and prevention of opioid use disorder: a systematic review
of the literature.},
Journal = {J Addict Dis},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {186-199},
Year = {2020},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2020.1736756},
Abstract = {The U.S. is currently facing an unprecedented epidemic of
opioid-related deaths. Despite the efficacy of the current
treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD), including
psychosocial interventions and medication-assisted therapy
(MAT), many patients remain treatment-resistant and at high
risk for overdose. A potential augmentation strategy
includes the use of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS)
techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS),
transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and
auricular vagus nerve stimulation (aVNS). These approaches
may have therapeutic benefits by directly or indirectly
modulating the neurocircuitry affected in OUD. In this
review, we evaluate the available studies on NIBS in the
context of OUD withdrawal and detoxification, maintenance,
and cravings, while also considering analgesia and safety
concerns. In the context of opioid withdrawal and
detoxification, a percutaneous form of aVNS has positive
results in open-label trials, but has not yet been tested
against sham. No randomized studies have reported on the
safety and efficacy of NIBS specifically for maintenance
treatment in OUD. TMS and tDCS have demonstrated effects on
cravings, although published studies were limited by small
sample sizes. NIBS may play a role in reducing exposure to
opioids and the risk of developing OUD, as demonstrated by
studies using tDCS in an experimental pain condition and TMS
in a post-operative setting. Overall, while the preliminary
evidence and safety for NIBS in the prevention and treatment
of OUD appears promising, further research is needed with
larger sample sizes, placebo control, and objective
biomarkers as outcome measures before strong conclusions can
be drawn.},
Doi = {10.1080/10550887.2020.1736756},
Key = {fds349143}
}
@article{fds346303,
Author = {Beynel, L and Appelbaum, LG and Luber, B and Crowell, CA and Hilbig, SA and Lim, W and Nguyen, D and Chrapliwy, NA and Davis, SW and Cabeza, R and Lisanby, SH and Deng, Z-D},
Title = {Effects of online repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulation (rTMS) on cognitive processing: A meta-analysis
and recommendations for future studies.},
Journal = {Neurosci Biobehav Rev},
Volume = {107},
Pages = {47-58},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.018},
Abstract = {Online repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS),
applied while subjects are performing a task, is widely used
to disrupt brain regions underlying cognition. However,
online rTMS has also induced "paradoxical enhancement".
Given the rapid proliferation of this approach, it is
crucial to develop a better understanding of how online
stimulation influences cognition, and the optimal parameters
to achieve desired effects. To accomplish this goal, a
quantitative meta-analysis was performed with random-effects
models fitted to reaction time (RT) and accuracy data. The
final dataset included 126 studies published between 1998
and 2016, with 244 total effects for reaction times, and 202
for accuracy. Meta-analytically, rTMS at 10 Hz and 20 Hz
disrupted accuracy for attention, executive, language,
memory, motor, and perception domains, while no effects were
found with 1 Hz or 5 Hz. Stimulation applied at and 10
and 20 Hz slowed down RTs in attention and perception
tasks. No performance enhancement was found. Meta-regression
analysis showed that fMRI-guided targeting and short
inter-trial intervals are associated with increased
disruptive effects with rTMS.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.018},
Key = {fds346303}
}
@article{fds336042,
Author = {Teel, EF and Marshall, SW and Appelbaum, LG and Battaglini, CL and Carneiro, KA and Guskiewicz, KM and Register-Mihalik, JK and Mihalik,
JP},
Title = {A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Feasibility
and Adherence to an Aerobic Training Program in Healthy
Individuals.},
Journal = {J Sport Rehabil},
Volume = {28},
Number = {7},
Pages = {692-698},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2018-0007},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Concussion management is moving from passive rest
strategies to active interventions, including aerobic
exercise therapy. Little information is available regarding
the feasibility and adherence of these programs. OBJECTIVES:
To determine whether an aerobic exercise training program
intended for rehabilitation in people with concussion is
feasible. Healthy, nonconcussed subjects were studied in
this phase 1 trial. DESIGN: Phase 1 parallel-group,
randomized controlled trial in a sample of healthy
(nonconcussed), recreationally active university students.
SETTING: Laboratory. PATIENTS: 40 healthy university
students. METHODS: Participants were equally randomized to
acute concussion therapy intervention (ACTIVE) training or
nontraining groups. All participants completed maximal
cardiopulmonary exercise tests on a stationary cycle
ergometer at 2 test sessions approximately 14 days apart.
During this 2-week study period, ACTIVE training
participants completed six 30-minute cycling sessions,
progressing from 60% to 80% of the participant's
individualized maximal oxygen consumption. A subset of
participants (NACTIVE = 12, Nnontraining = 11) wore physical
activity monitors throughout the 2-week study period. MAIN
OUTCOMES MEASURES: Study protocol and randomization
effectiveness, exercise safety and adherence, and
progressive intensity of the ACTIVE training procedures.
RESULTS: No adverse events occurred during any exercise
sessions. Twelve ACTIVE training participants (60%)
completed all training sessions, and every participant
completed at least 4 sessions. Heart rate increased
throughout the training period (P < .001), but symptom
changes and training adherence remained stable despite the
progressively increasing workload. ACTIVE training
participants completed approximately 30 additional minutes
of physical activity on training sessions days, although
that was not statistically significant (P = .20).
CONCLUSIONS: University-aged students were adherent to the
ACTIVE training protocol. Future research should investigate
the safety and feasibility of aerobic training programs in
acutely concussed individuals to determine their
appropriateness as a clinical rehabilitation
strategy.},
Doi = {10.1123/jsr.2018-0007},
Key = {fds336042}
}
@article{fds343408,
Author = {Addicott, MA and Luber, B and Nguyen, D and Palmer, H and Lisanby, SH and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Low- and High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic
Stimulation Effects on Resting-State Functional Connectivity
Between the Postcentral Gyrus and the Insula.},
Journal = {Brain Connect},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {322-328},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/brain.2018.0652},
Abstract = {The insular cortex supports the conscious awareness of
physical and emotional sensations, and the ability to
modulate the insula could have important clinical
applications in psychiatry. Repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulation (rTMS) uses transient magnetic fields to induce
electrical currents in the superficial cortex. Given its
deep location in the brain, the insula may not be directly
stimulated by rTMS; however, rTMS may modulate the insula
via its functional connections with superficial cortical
regions. Furthermore, low- versus high-frequency rTMS is
thought to have opposing effects on cortical excitability,
and the present study investigated these effects on brain
activity and functional connectivity with the insula.
Separate groups of healthy participants (n = 14 per
group) received low (1 Hz)- or high (10 Hz)-frequency
rTMS in five daily sessions to the right postcentral gyrus,
a superficial region known to be functionally connected to
the insula. Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) was
measured pre- and post-rTMS. Both 1 and 10 Hz rTMS
increased RSFC between the right postcentral gyrus and the
left insula. These results suggest that low- and
high-frequency rTMS has similar long-term effects on brain
activity and RSFC. However, given the lack of difference, we
cannot exclude the possibility that these effects are simply
due to a nonspecific effect. Given this limitation, these
unexpected results underscore the need for acoustic- and
stimulation-matched sham control conditions in rTMS
research.},
Doi = {10.1089/brain.2018.0652},
Key = {fds343408}
}
@article{fds342292,
Author = {Beynel, L and Davis, SW and Crowell, CA and Hilbig, SA and Lim, W and Nguyen, D and Palmer, H and Brito, A and Peterchev, AV and Luber, B and Lisanby, SH and Cabeza, R and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Online repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation during
working memory in younger and older adults: A randomized
within-subject comparison.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e0213707},
Year = {2019},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213707},
Abstract = {Working memory is the ability to perform mental operations
on information that is stored in a flexible, limited
capacity buffer. The ability to manipulate information in
working memory is central to many aspects of human
cognition, but also declines with healthy aging. Given the
profound importance of such working memory manipulation
abilities, there is a concerted effort towards developing
approaches to improve them. The current study tested the
capacity to enhance working memory manipulation with online
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in healthy
young and older adults. Online high frequency (5Hz)
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied
over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to test the
hypothesis that active repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulation would lead to significant improvements in memory
recall accuracy compared to sham stimulation, and that these
effects would be most pronounced in working memory
manipulation conditions with the highest cognitive demand in
both young and older adults. Repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation was applied while participants were
performing a delayed response alphabetization task with
three individually-titrated levels of difficulty. The left
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was identified by combining
electric field modeling to individualized functional
magnetic resonance imaging activation maps and was targeted
during the experiment using stereotactic neuronavigation
with real-time robotic guidance, allowing optimal coil
placement during the stimulation. As no accuracy differences
were found between young and older adults, the results from
both groups were collapsed. Subsequent analyses revealed
that active stimulation significantly increased accuracy
relative to sham stimulation, but only for the hardest
condition. These results point towards further investigation
of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for memory
enhancement focusing on high difficulty conditions as those
most likely to exhibit benefits.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0213707},
Key = {fds342292}
}
@article{fds350633,
Author = {Beynel, L and Deng, L and Crowell, CA and Dannhauer, M and Palmer, H and Hilbig, S and Peterchev, AV and Luber, B and Lisanby, SH and Cabeza, R and Appelbaum, LG and Davis, SW},
Title = {Structural controllability predicts functional patterns and
brain stimulation benefits associated with working
memory},
Year = {2019},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/794388},
Abstract = {<h4>Summary</h4> The brain is an inherently dynamic system,
and much work has focused on the ability to modify neural
activity through both local perturbations and changes in the
function of global network ensembles. Network
controllability is a recent concept in network science that
purports to predict the influence of individual cortical
sites on global network states and state changes, thereby
creating a unifying account of local influences on global
brain dynamics. Here, we present an integrated set of
multimodal brain–behavior relationships, acquired from
functional magnetic resonance imaging during a transcranial
magnetic stimulation intervention, that demonstrate how
network controllability influences network function, as well
as behavior. This work helps to outline a clear technique
for integrating structural network topology and functional
activity to predict the influence of a potential stimulation
target on subsequent behaviors and prescribes next steps
towards predicting neuromodulatory and behavioral responses
after brain stimulation. <h4>Highlights</h4> - This study
tested the strength of network controllability using fMRI
and rTMS - Controllability correlates with functional
modulation of working memory demand load - Controllability
is also correlated with the memory improvement from applied
rTMS - These findings link network control theory with
physiology and behavior. <h4>In brief</h4> Beynel et al.
show that the benefits of functionally targeted brain
stimulation on working memory performance can be predicted
by network control properties at the stimulated site.
Structural controllability and functional activity
independently predict this cognitive benefit. <h4>Author
Contributions</h4> Conceptualization & Methodology: L.B,
S.W.D., B.L., R.C., L.G.A.; Investigation: L.B., L.D.,
S.W.D., C.A.C., M.D., H.P., S.H.; Writing—Original Draft:
L.B., L.D., S.W.D.; Writing—Review & Editing: L.B., L.D.,
S.W.D., L.G.A., A.V.P.; Funding Acquisition: S.W.D., R.C.,
B.L., S.H.L., A.V.P.; Resources: L.G.A., B.L., R.C.;
Supervision: L.G.A., S.W.D.},
Doi = {10.1101/794388},
Key = {fds350633}
}
@article{fds339602,
Author = {Addicott, MA and Daughters, SB and Strauman, TJ and Appelbaum,
LG},
Title = {Distress tolerance to auditory feedback and functional
connectivity with the auditory cortex.},
Journal = {Psychiatry Research. Neuroimaging},
Volume = {282},
Pages = {1-10},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.10.003},
Abstract = {Distress tolerance is the capacity to withstand negative
affective states in pursuit of a goal. Low distress
tolerance may bias an individual to avoid or escape
experiences that induce affective distress, but the neural
mechanisms underlying the bottom-up generation of distress
and its relationship to behavioral avoidance are poorly
understood. During a neuroimaging scan, healthy participants
completed a mental arithmetic task with easy and distress
phases, which differed in cognitive demands and positive
versus negative auditory feedback. Then, participants were
given the opportunity to continue playing the distress phase
for a financial bonus and were allowed to quit at any time.
The persistence duration was the measure of distress
tolerance. The easy and distress phases activated auditory
cortices and fronto-parietal regions. A task-based
functional connectivity analysis using the left secondary
auditory cortex (i.e., planum temporale) as the seed region
revealed stronger connectivity to fronto-parietal regions
and anterior insula during the distress phase. The
distress-related connectivity between the seed region and
the left anterior insula was negatively correlated with
distress tolerance. The results provide initial evidence of
the role of the anterior insula as a mediating link between
the bottom-up generation of affective distress and top-down
behavioral avoidance of distress.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.10.003},
Key = {fds339602}
}
@article{fds340441,
Author = {Davis, SW and Crowell, CA and Beynel, L and Deng, L and Lakhlani, D and Hilbig, SA and Lim, W and Nguyen, D and Peterchev, AV and Luber, BM and Lisanby, SH and Appelbaum, LG and Cabeza, R},
Title = {Complementary topology of maintenance and manipulation brain
networks in working memory.},
Journal = {Scientific Reports},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17827},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35887-2},
Abstract = {Working memory (WM) is assumed to consist of a process that
sustains memory representations in an active state
(maintenance) and a process that operates on these activated
representations (manipulation). We examined evidence for two
distinct, concurrent cognitive functions supporting
maintenance and manipulation abilities by testing brain
activity as participants performed a WM alphabetization
task. Maintenance was investigated by varying the number of
letters held in WM and manipulation by varying the number of
moves required to sort the list alphabetically. We found
that both maintenance and manipulation demand had
significant effects on behavior that were associated with
different cortical regions: maintenance was associated with
bilateral prefrontal and left parietal cortex, and
manipulation with right parietal activity, a link that is
consistent with the role of parietal cortex in symbolic
computations. Both structural and functional architecture of
these systems suggested that these cognitive functions are
supported by two dissociable brain networks. Critically,
maintenance and manipulation functional networks became
increasingly segregated with increasing demand, an effect
that was positively associated with individual WM ability.
These results provide evidence that network segregation may
act as a protective mechanism to enable successful
performance under increasing WM demand.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-018-35887-2},
Key = {fds340441}
}
@article{fds340609,
Author = {Teel, EF and Register-Mihalik, JK and Appelbaum, LG and Battaglini,
CL and Carneiro, KA and Guskiewicz, KM and Marshall, SW and Mihalik,
JP},
Title = {Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Aerobic Training and
Common Sport-Related Concussion Outcomes in Healthy
Participants.},
Journal = {Journal of Athletic Training},
Volume = {53},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1156-1165},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-7-18},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Aerobic exercise interventions are increasingly
being prescribed for concussion rehabilitation, but whether
aerobic training protocols influence clinical concussion
diagnosis and management assessments is unknown. OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the effects of a brief aerobic exercise
intervention on clinical concussion outcomes in healthy,
active participants. DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical
trial. SETTING: Laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS:
Healthy (uninjured) participants (n = 40) who exercised ≥3
times/week. INTERVENTION(S): Participants were randomized
into the acute concussion therapy intervention (ACTIVE)
training or nontraining group. All participants completed
symptom, cognitive, balance, and vision assessments during 2
test sessions approximately 14 days apart. Participants
randomized to ACTIVE training completed six 30-minute
exercise sessions that progressed from 60% to 80% of
individualized maximal oxygen consumption (V˙o2max) across
test sessions, while the nontraining group received no
intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The CNS Vital Signs
standardized scores, Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening
near-point convergence distance (cm), and Graded Symptom
Checklist, Balance Error Scoring System, and Standardized
Assessment of Concussion total scores. RESULTS: An
interaction effect was found for total symptom score ( P =
.01); the intervention group had improved symptom scores
between sessions (session 1: 5.1 ± 5.8; session 2: 1.9 ±
3.6). Cognitive flexibility, executive functioning,
reasoning, and total symptom score outcomes were better but
composite memory, verbal memory, and near-point convergence
distance scores were worse at the second session (all P
values < .05). However, few changes exceeded the 80%
reliable change indices calculated for this study, and
effect sizes were generally small to negligible.
CONCLUSIONS: A brief aerobic training protocol had few
meaningful effects on clinical concussion assessment in
healthy participants, suggesting that current
concussion-diagnostic and -assessment tools remain
clinically stable in response to aerobic exercise training.
This provides normative data for future researchers, who
should further evaluate the effect of ACTIVE training on
clinical outcomes among concussed populations. TRIAL
REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov :
NCT02872480.},
Doi = {10.4085/1062-6050-7-18},
Key = {fds340609}
}
@article{fds332131,
Author = {Burris, K and Vittetoe, K and Ramger, B and Suresh, S and Tokdar, ST and Reiter, JP and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Sensorimotor abilities predict on-field performance in
professional baseball.},
Journal = {Scientific Reports},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {116},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18565-7},
Abstract = {Baseball players must be able to see and react in an
instant, yet it is hotly debated whether superior
performance is associated with superior sensorimotor
abilities. In this study, we compare sensorimotor abilities,
measured through 8 psychomotor tasks comprising the Nike
Sensory Station assessment battery, and game statistics in a
sample of 252 professional baseball players to evaluate the
links between sensorimotor skills and on-field performance.
For this purpose, we develop a series of Bayesian
hierarchical latent variable models enabling us to compare
statistics across professional baseball leagues. Within this
framework, we find that sensorimotor abilities are
significant predictors of on-base percentage, walk rate and
strikeout rate, accounting for age, position, and league. We
find no such relationship for either slugging percentage or
fielder-independent pitching. The pattern of results
suggests performance contributions from both visual-sensory
and visual-motor abilities and indicates that sensorimotor
screenings may be useful for player scouting.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-18565-7},
Key = {fds332131}
}
@article{fds336043,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Erickson, G},
Title = {Sports vision training: A review of the state-of-the-art in
digital training techniques},
Journal = {International Review of Sport and Exercise
Psychology},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {160-189},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2016.1266376},
Abstract = {Athletes need excellent vision to perform well in their
sports, and many athletes have turned to vision training
programs as a way to augment their traditional training
regimen. The growing practice of ‘sports vision
training’ relies on the notion that practice with
demanding visual perceptual, cognitive, or oculomotor tasks
can improve the ability to process and respond to what is
seen, thereby improving sport performance. This enterprise
is not necessarily new, but has been advanced greatly in the
past few years by new digital technology that can be
deployed during natural training activities, by
perceptual-learning-inspired training programs, and by
virtual reality simulations that can recreate and augment
sporting contexts to promote certain sports-specific visual
and cognitive abilities. These improved abilities may, in
turn, instill a competitive advantage on the playing field,
underscoring the potential value of these approaches. This
article reviews emerging approaches, technologies and trends
in sports vision training. Where available, critical review
of supporting research is provided.},
Doi = {10.1080/1750984X.2016.1266376},
Key = {fds336043}
}
@article{fds324820,
Author = {Klemish, D and Ramger, B and Vittetoe, K and Reiter, JP and Tokdar, ST and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Visual abilities distinguish pitchers from hitters in
professional baseball.},
Journal = {J Sports Sci},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {171-179},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1288296},
Abstract = {This study aimed to evaluate the possibility that
differences in sensorimotor abilities exist between hitters
and pitchers in a large cohort of baseball players of
varying levels of experience. Secondary data analysis was
performed on 9 sensorimotor tasks comprising the Nike
Sensory Station assessment battery. Bayesian hierarchical
regression modelling was applied to test for differences
between pitchers and hitters in data from 566 baseball
players (112 high school, 85 college, 369 professional)
collected at 20 testing centres. Explanatory variables
including height, handedness, eye dominance, concussion
history, and player position were modelled along with age
curves using basis regression splines. Regression analyses
revealed better performance for hitters relative to pitchers
at the professional level in the visual clarity and depth
perception tasks, but these differences did not exist at the
high school or college levels. No significant differences
were observed in the other 7 measures of sensorimotor
capabilities included in the test battery, and no systematic
biases were found between the testing centres. These
findings, indicating that professional-level hitters have
better visual acuity and depth perception than
professional-level pitchers, affirm the notion that highly
experienced athletes have differing perceptual skills.
Findings are discussed in relation to deliberate practice
theory.},
Doi = {10.1080/02640414.2017.1288296},
Key = {fds324820}
}
@article{fds332130,
Author = {Rao, HM and Khanna, R and Zielinski, DJ and Lu, Y and Clements, JM and Potter, ND and Sommer, MA and Kopper, R and Appelbaum,
LG},
Title = {Sensorimotor Learning during a Marksmanship Task in
Immersive Virtual Reality.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
Volume = {9},
Number = {58},
Pages = {58},
Publisher = {Frontiers Media},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00058},
Abstract = {Sensorimotor learning refers to improvements that occur
through practice in the performance of sensory-guided motor
behaviors. Leveraging novel technical capabilities of an
immersive virtual environment, we probed the component
kinematic processes that mediate sensorimotor learning.
Twenty naïve subjects performed a simulated marksmanship
task modeled after Olympic Trap Shooting standards. We
measured movement kinematics and shooting performance as
participants practiced 350 trials while receiving
trial-by-trial feedback about shooting success.
Spatiotemporal analysis of motion tracking elucidated the
ballistic and refinement phases of hand movements. We found
systematic changes in movement kinematics that accompanied
improvements in shot accuracy during training, though
reaction and response times did not change over blocks. In
particular, we observed longer, slower, and more precise
ballistic movements that replaced effort spent on
corrections and refinement. Collectively, these results
leverage developments in immersive virtual reality
technology to quantify and compare the kinematics of
movement during early learning of full-body sensorimotor
orienting.},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00058},
Key = {fds332130}
}
@article{fds320202,
Author = {Devyatko, D and Appelbaum, LG and Mitroff, SR},
Title = {A Common Mechanism for Perceptual Reversals in
Motion-Induced Blindness, the Troxler Effect, and Perceptual
Filling-In.},
Journal = {Perception},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {50-77},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006616672577},
Abstract = {Several striking visual phenomena involve a physically
present stimulus that alternates between being perceived and
being "invisible." For example, motion-induced blindness,
the Troxler effect, and perceptual filling-in all consist of
subjective alternations where an item repeatedly changes
from being seen to unseen. In the present study, we explored
whether these three specific visual phenomena share any
commonalities in their alternation rates and patterns to
better understand the mechanisms of each. Data from 69
individuals revealed moderate to strong correlations across
the three phenomena for the number of perceptual
disappearances and the accumulated duration of the
disappearances. Importantly, these effects were not
correlated with eye movement patterns (saccades) assessed
through eye tracking, differences in motion sensitivity as
indexed by dot coherence and speed perception thresholds, or
simple reaction time abilities. Principal component analyses
revealed a single component that explained 67% of the
variance for the number of perceptual reversals and 60% for
the accumulated duration of the disappearances. The temporal
dynamics of illusory disappearances was also compared for
each phenomenon, and normalized durations of disappearances
were well fit by a gamma distribution with similar shape
parameters for each phenomenon, suggesting that they may be
driven by a single oscillatory mechanism.},
Doi = {10.1177/0301006616672577},
Key = {fds320202}
}
@article{fds322751,
Author = {van den Berg, B and Appelbaum, LG and Clark, K and Lorist, MM and Woldorff, MG},
Title = {Visual search performance is predicted by both prestimulus
and poststimulus electrical brain activity.},
Journal = {Scientific Reports},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {37718},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep37718},
Abstract = {An individual's performance on cognitive and perceptual
tasks varies considerably across time and circumstances. We
investigated neural mechanisms underlying such performance
variability using regression-based analyses to examine
trial-by-trial relationships between response times (RTs)
and different facets of electrical brain activity. Thirteen
participants trained five days on a color-popout
visual-search task, with EEG recorded on days one and five.
The task was to find a color-popout target ellipse in a
briefly presented array of ellipses and discriminate its
orientation. Later within a session, better preparatory
attention (reflected by less prestimulus Alpha-band
oscillatory activity) and better poststimulus early visual
responses (reflected by larger sensory N1 waves) correlated
with faster RTs. However, N1 amplitudes decreased by half
throughout each session, suggesting adoption of a more
efficient search strategy within a session. Additionally,
fast RTs were preceded by earlier and larger lateralized
N2pc waves, reflecting faster and stronger attentional
orienting to the targets. Finally, SPCN waves associated
with target-orientation discrimination were smaller for fast
RTs in the first but not the fifth session, suggesting
optimization with practice. Collectively, these results
delineate variations in visual search processes that change
over an experimental session, while also pointing to
cortical mechanisms underlying performance in visual
search.},
Doi = {10.1038/srep37718},
Key = {fds322751}
}
@article{fds315407,
Author = {Donohue, SE and Appelbaum, LG and McKay, CC and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {The neural dynamics of stimulus and response conflict
processing as a function of response complexity and task
demands.},
Journal = {Neuropsychologia},
Volume = {84},
Pages = {14-28},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0028-3932},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12003 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Both stimulus and response conflict can disrupt behavior by
slowing response times and decreasing accuracy. Although
several neural activations have been associated with
conflict processing, it is unclear how specific any of these
are to the type of stimulus conflict or the amount of
response conflict. Here, we recorded electrical brain
activity, while manipulating the type of stimulus conflict
in the task (spatial [Flanker] versus semantic [Stroop]) and
the amount of response conflict (two versus four response
choices). Behaviorally, responses were slower to incongruent
versus congruent stimuli across all task and response types,
along with overall slowing for higher response-mapping
complexity. The earliest incongruency-related neural effect
was a short-duration frontally-distributed negativity at
~200 ms that was only present in the Flanker
spatial-conflict task. At longer latencies, the classic
fronto-central incongruency-related negativity 'N(inc)' was
observed for all conditions, but was larger and ~100 ms
longer in duration with more response options. Further, the
onset of the motor-related lateralized readiness potential
(LRP) was earlier for the two vs. four response sets,
indicating that smaller response sets enabled faster
motor-response preparation. The late positive complex (LPC)
was present in all conditions except the two-response Stroop
task, suggesting this late conflict-related activity is not
specifically related to task type or response-mapping
complexity. Importantly, across tasks and conditions, the
LRP onset at or before the conflict-related N(inc),
indicating that motor preparation is a rapid, automatic
process that interacts with the conflict-detection processes
after it has begun. Together, these data highlight how
different conflict-related processes operate in parallel and
depend on both the cognitive demands of the task and the
number of response options.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.01.035},
Key = {fds315407}
}
@article{fds270437,
Author = {San Martín and R and Appelbaum, LG and Huettel, SA and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {Cortical Brain Activity Reflecting Attentional Biasing
Toward Reward-Predicting Cues Covaries with Economic
Decision-Making Performance.},
Journal = {Cerebral Cortex},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-11},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1047-3211},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12006 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Adaptive choice behavior depends critically on identifying
and learning from outcome-predicting cues. We hypothesized
that attention may be preferentially directed toward certain
outcome-predicting cues. We studied this possibility by
analyzing event-related potential (ERP) responses in humans
during a probabilistic decision-making task. Participants
viewed pairs of outcome-predicting visual cues and then
chose to wager either a small (i.e., loss-minimizing) or
large (i.e., gain-maximizing) amount of money. The cues were
bilaterally presented, which allowed us to extract the
relative neural responses to each cue by using a
contralateral-versus-ipsilateral ERP contrast. We found an
early lateralized ERP response, whose features matched the
attention-shift-related N2pc component and whose amplitude
scaled with the learned reward-predicting value of the cues
as predicted by an attention-for-reward model. Consistently,
we found a double dissociation involving the N2pc. Across
participants, gain-maximization positively correlated with
the N2pc amplitude to the most reliable gain-predicting cue,
suggesting an attentional bias toward such cues. Conversely,
loss-minimization was negatively correlated with the N2pc
amplitude to the most reliable loss-predicting cue,
suggesting an attentional avoidance toward such stimuli.
These results indicate that learned stimulus-reward
associations can influence rapid attention allocation, and
that differences in this process are associated with
individual differences in economic decision-making
performance.},
Doi = {10.1093/cercor/bhu160},
Key = {fds270437}
}
@article{fds320203,
Author = {Krasich, K and Ramger, B and Holton, L and Wang, L and Mitroff, SR and Gregory Appelbaum and L},
Title = {Sensorimotor Learning in a Computerized Athletic Training
Battery.},
Journal = {J Mot Behav},
Volume = {48},
Number = {5},
Pages = {401-412},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2015.1113918},
Abstract = {Sensorimotor abilities are crucial for performance in
athletic, military, and other occupational activities, and
there is great interest in understanding learning in these
skills. Here, behavioral performance was measured over three
days as twenty-seven participants practiced multiple
sessions on the Nike SPARQ Sensory Station (Nike, Inc.,
Beaverton, Oregon), a computerized visual and motor
assessment battery. Wrist-worn actigraphy was recorded to
monitor sleep-wake cycles. Significant learning was observed
in tasks with high visuomotor control demands but not in
tasks of visual sensitivity. Learning was primarily linear,
with up to 60% improvement, but did not relate to sleep
quality in this normal-sleeping population. These results
demonstrate differences in the rate and capacity for
learning across perceptual and motor domains, indicating
potential targets for sensorimotor training
interventions.},
Doi = {10.1080/00222895.2015.1113918},
Key = {fds320203}
}
@article{fds315408,
Author = {Zielinski, DJ and Rao, HM and Potter, ND and Sommer, MA and Appelbaum,
LG and Kopper, R},
Title = {Evaluating the Effects of Image Persistence on Dynamic
Target Acquisition in Low Frame Rate Virtual
Environments},
Journal = {3d User Interfaces (3dui), 2016 Ieee Symposium
On},
Pages = {133-140},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Editor = {BH Thomas and R Lindeman and M Marchal},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=7454633},
Abstract = {User performance in virtual environments with degraded
visual conditions due to low frame rates is an interesting
area of inquiry. Visual content shown in a low frame rate
simulation has the quality of the original image, but
persists for an extended period until the next frame is
displayed (so-called high persistence-HP). An alternative,
called low persistence (LP), involves displaying the
rendered frame for a single display frame and blanking the
screen while waiting for the next frame to be generated.
Previous research has evaluated the usefulness of the LP
technique in low frame rate simulations during a static
target acquisition task. To gain greater knowledge about the
LP technique, we have conducted a user study to evaluate
user performance and learning during a dynamic target
acquisition task. The acquisition task was evaluated under a
high frame rate, (60 fps) condition, a traditional low frame
rate HP condition (10 fps), and the experimental low frame
rate LP technique. The task involved the acquisition of
targets moving along several different trajectories, modeled
after a shotgun trap shooting task. The results of our study
indicate the LP condition approaches high frame rate
performance within certain classes of target trajectories.
Interestingly we also see that learning is consistent across
conditions, indicating that it may not always be necessary
to train under a visually high frame rate system to learn a
particular task. We discuss implications of using the LP
technique to mitigate low frame rate issues as well as its
potential usefulness for training in low frame rate virtual
environments.},
Doi = {10.1109/3DUI.2016.7460043},
Key = {fds315408}
}
@article{fds270436,
Author = {Wang, L and Krasich, K and Bel-Bahar, T and Hughes, L and Mitroff, SR and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {Mapping the structure of perceptual and visual-motor
abilities in healthy young adults.},
Journal = {Acta Psychol (Amst)},
Volume = {157},
Pages = {74-84},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0001-6918},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10643 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The ability to quickly detect and respond to visual stimuli
in the environment is critical to many human activities.
While such perceptual and visual-motor skills are important
in a myriad of contexts, considerable variability exists
between individuals in these abilities. To better understand
the sources of this variability, we assessed perceptual and
visual-motor skills in a large sample of 230 healthy
individuals via the Nike SPARQ Sensory Station, and compared
variability in their behavioral performance to demographic,
state, sleep and consumption characteristics. Dimension
reduction and regression analyses indicated three underlying
factors: Visual-Motor Control, Visual Sensitivity, and Eye
Quickness, which accounted for roughly half of the overall
population variance in performance on this battery.
Inter-individual variability in Visual-Motor Control was
correlated with gender and circadian patters such that
performance on this factor was better for males and for
those who had been awake for a longer period of time before
assessment. The current findings indicate that abilities
involving coordinated hand movements in response to stimuli
are subject to greater individual variability, while visual
sensitivity and occulomotor control are largely stable
across individuals.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.02.005},
Key = {fds270436}
}
@article{fds270435,
Author = {Clark, K and Appelbaum, LG and van den Berg, B and Mitroff, SR and Woldorff, MG},
Title = {Improvement in visual search with practice: mapping
learning-related changes in neurocognitive stages of
processing.},
Journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
Volume = {35},
Number = {13},
Pages = {5351-5359},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0270-6474},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10641 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Practice can improve performance on visual search tasks; the
neural mechanisms underlying such improvements, however, are
not clear. Response time typically shortens with practice,
but which components of the stimulus-response processing
chain facilitate this behavioral change? Improved search
performance could result from enhancements in various
cognitive processing stages, including (1) sensory
processing, (2) attentional allocation, (3) target
discrimination, (4) motor-response preparation, and/or (5)
response execution. We measured event-related potentials
(ERPs) as human participants completed a five-day
visual-search protocol in which they reported the
orientation of a color popout target within an array of
ellipses. We assessed changes in behavioral performance and
in ERP components associated with various stages of
processing. After practice, response time decreased in all
participants (while accuracy remained consistent), and
electrophysiological measures revealed modulation of several
ERP components. First, amplitudes of the early
sensory-evoked N1 component at 150 ms increased bilaterally,
indicating enhanced visual sensory processing of the array.
Second, the negative-polarity posterior-contralateral
component (N2pc, 170-250 ms) was earlier and larger,
demonstrating enhanced attentional orienting. Third, the
amplitude of the sustained posterior contralateral
negativity component (SPCN, 300-400 ms) decreased,
indicating facilitated target discrimination. Finally,
faster motor-response preparation and execution were
observed after practice, as indicated by latency changes in
both the stimulus-locked and response-locked lateralized
readiness potentials (LRPs). These electrophysiological
results delineate the functional plasticity in key
mechanisms underlying visual search with high temporal
resolution and illustrate how practice influences various
cognitive and neural processing stages leading to enhanced
behavioral performance.},
Doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1152-14.2015},
Key = {fds270435}
}
@article{fds270434,
Author = {Norcia, AM and Appelbaum, LG and Ales, JM and Cottereau, BR and Rossion,
B},
Title = {The steady-state visual evoked potential in vision research:
A review.},
Journal = {Journal of Vision},
Volume = {15},
Number = {6},
Pages = {4},
Year = {2015},
ISSN = {1534-7362},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10640 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Periodic visual stimulation and analysis of the resulting
steady-state visual evoked potentials were first introduced
over 80 years ago as a means to study visual sensation and
perception. From the first single-channel recording of
responses to modulated light to the present use of
sophisticated digital displays composed of complex visual
stimuli and high-density recording arrays, steady-state
methods have been applied in a broad range of scientific and
applied settings.The purpose of this article is to describe
the fundamental stimulation paradigms for steady-state
visual evoked potentials and to illustrate these principles
through research findings across a range of applications in
vision science.},
Doi = {10.1167/15.6.4},
Key = {fds270434}
}
@article{fds270440,
Author = {Beam, E and Appelbaum, LG and Jack, J and Moody, J and Huettel,
SA},
Title = {Mapping the semantic structure of cognitive
neuroscience.},
Journal = {J Cogn Neurosci},
Volume = {26},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1949-1965},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0898-929X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10645 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Cognitive neuroscience, as a discipline, links the
biological systems studied by neuroscience to the processing
constructs studied by psychology. By mapping these relations
throughout the literature of cognitive neuroscience, we
visualize the semantic structure of the discipline and point
to directions for future research that will advance its
integrative goal. For this purpose, network text analyses
were applied to an exhaustive corpus of abstracts collected
from five major journals over a 30-month period, including
every study that used fMRI to investigate psychological
processes. From this, we generate network maps that
illustrate the relationships among psychological and
anatomical terms, along with centrality statistics that
guide inferences about network structure. Three
terms--prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and anterior cingulate
cortex--dominate the network structure with their high
frequency in the literature and the density of their
connections with other neuroanatomical terms. From network
statistics, we identify terms that are understudied compared
with their importance in the network (e.g., insula and
thalamus), are underspecified in the language of the
discipline (e.g., terms associated with executive function),
or are imperfectly integrated with other concepts (e.g.,
subdisciplines like decision neuroscience that are
disconnected from the main network). Taking these results as
the basis for prescriptive recommendations, we conclude that
semantic analyses provide useful guidance for cognitive
neuroscience as a discipline, both by illustrating
systematic biases in the conduct and presentation of
research and by identifying directions that may be most
productive for future research.},
Doi = {10.1162/jocn_a_00604},
Key = {fds270440}
}
@article{fds270439,
Author = {McClintock, SM and Choi, J and Deng, Z-D and Appelbaum, LG and Krystal,
AD and Lisanby, SH},
Title = {Multifactorial determinants of the neurocognitive effects of
electroconvulsive therapy.},
Journal = {J Ect},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {165-176},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1095-0680},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10644 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {For many patients with neuropsychiatric illnesses, standard
psychiatric treatments with mono or combination
pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and transcranial magnetic
stimulation are ineffective. For these patients with
treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric illnesses, a main
therapeutic option is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
Decades of research have found ECT to be highly effective;
however, it can also result in adverse neurocognitive
effects. Specifically, ECT results in disorientation after
each session, anterograde amnesia for recently learned
information, and retrograde amnesia for previously learned
information. Unfortunately, the neurocognitive effects and
underlying mechanisms of action of ECT remain poorly
understood. The purpose of this paper was to synthesize the
multiple moderating and mediating factors that are thought
to underlie the neurocognitive effects of ECT into a
coherent model. Such factors include demographic and
neuropsychological characteristics, neuropsychiatric
symptoms, ECT technical parameters, and ECT-associated
neurophysiological changes. Future research is warranted to
evaluate and test this model, so that these findings may
support the development of more refined clinical seizure
therapy delivery approaches and efficacious cognitive
remediation strategies to improve the use of this important
and widely used intervention tool for neuropsychiatric
diseases.},
Doi = {10.1097/YCT.0000000000000137},
Key = {fds270439}
}
@article{fds270441,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Boehler, CN and Davis, LA and Won, RJ and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {The dynamics of proactive and reactive cognitive control
processes in the human brain.},
Journal = {J Cogn Neurosci},
Volume = {26},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1021-1038},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24345171},
Abstract = {In this study, we leveraged the high temporal resolution of
EEG to examine the neural mechanisms underlying the flexible
regulation of cognitive control that unfolds over different
timescales. We measured behavioral and neural effects of
color-word incongruency, as different groups of participants
performed three different versions of color-word Stroop
tasks in which the relative timing of the color and word
features varied from trial to trial. For this purpose, we
used a standard Stroop color identification task with equal
congruent-to-incongruent proportions (50%/50%), along with
two versions of the "Reverse Stroop" word identification
tasks, for which we manipulated the incongruency proportion
(50%/50% and 80%/20%). Two canonical ERP markers of neural
processing of stimulus incongruency, the frontocentral
negative polarity incongruency wave (NINC) and the late
positive component (LPC), were evoked across the various
conditions. Results indicated that color-word incongruency
interacted with the relative feature timing, producing
greater neural and behavioral effects when the
task-irrelevant stimulus preceded the target, but still
significant effects when it followed. Additionally, both
behavioral and neural incongruency effects were reduced by
nearly half in the word identification task (Reverse Stroop
50/50) relative to the color identification task (Stroop
50/50), with these effects essentially fully recovering when
incongruent trials appeared only infrequently (Reverse
Stroop 80/20). Across the conditions, NINC amplitudes
closely paralleled RTs, indicating this component is
sensitive to the overall level of stimulus conflict. In
contrast, LPC amplitudes were largest with infrequent
incongruent trials, suggesting a possible readjustment role
when proactive control is reduced. These findings thus
unveil distinct control mechanisms that unfold over time in
response to conflicting stimulus input under different
contexts.},
Doi = {10.1162/jocn_a_00542},
Key = {fds270441}
}
@article{fds270444,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Cain, MS and Darling, EF and Mitroff,
SR},
Title = {Action video game playing is associated with improved visual
sensitivity, but not alterations in visual sensory
memory.},
Journal = {Atten Percept Psychophys},
Volume = {75},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1161-1167},
Year = {2013},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23709062},
Abstract = {Action video game playing has been experimentally linked to
a number of perceptual and cognitive improvements. These
benefits are captured through a wide range of psychometric
tasks and have led to the proposition that action video game
experience may promote the ability to extract statistical
evidence from sensory stimuli. Such an advantage could arise
from a number of possible mechanisms: improvements in visual
sensitivity, enhancements in the capacity or duration for
which information is retained in visual memory, or
higher-level strategic use of information for decision
making. The present study measured the capacity and time
course of visual sensory memory using a partial report
performance task as a means to distinguish between these
three possible mechanisms. Sensitivity measures and
parameter estimates that describe sensory memory capacity
and the rate of memory decay were compared between
individuals who reported high evels and low levels of action
video game experience. Our results revealed a uniform
increase in partial report accuracy at all stimulus-to-cue
delays for action video game players but no difference in
the rate or time course of the memory decay. The present
findings suggest that action video game playing may be
related to enhancements in the initial sensitivity to visual
stimuli, but not to a greater retention of information in
iconic memory buffers.},
Doi = {10.3758/s13414-013-0472-7},
Key = {fds270444}
}
@article{fds270448,
Author = {San Martín and R and Appelbaum, LG and Pearson, JM and Huettel, SA and Woldorff, MG},
Title = {Rapid brain responses independently predict gain
maximization and loss minimization during economic decision
making.},
Journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
Volume = {33},
Number = {16},
Pages = {7011-7019},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23595758},
Abstract = {Success in many decision-making scenarios depends on the
ability to maximize gains and minimize losses. Even if an
agent knows which cues lead to gains and which lead to
losses, that agent could still make choices yielding
suboptimal rewards. Here, by analyzing event-related
potentials (ERPs) recorded in humans during a probabilistic
gambling task, we show that individuals' behavioral
tendencies to maximize gains and to minimize losses are
associated with their ERP responses to the receipt of those
gains and losses, respectively. We focused our analyses on
ERP signals that predict behavioral adjustment: the
frontocentral feedback-related negativity (FRN) and two P300
(P3) subcomponents, the frontocentral P3a and the parietal
P3b. We found that, across participants, gain maximization
was predicted by differences in amplitude of the P3b for
suboptimal versus optimal gains (i.e., P3b amplitude
difference between the least good and the best gains).
Conversely, loss minimization was predicted by differences
in the P3b amplitude to suboptimal versus optimal losses
(i.e., difference between the worst and the least bad
losses). Finally, we observed that the P3a and P3b, but not
the FRN, predicted behavioral adjustment on subsequent
trials, suggesting a specific adaptive mechanism by which
prior experience may alter ensuing behavior. These findings
indicate that individual differences in gain maximization
and loss minimization are linked to individual differences
in rapid neural responses to monetary outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4242-12.2013},
Key = {fds270448}
}
@article{fds270458,
Author = {Ales, JM and Appelbaum, LG and Cottereau, BR and Norcia,
AM},
Title = {The time course of shape discrimination in the human
brain.},
Journal = {Neuroimage},
Volume = {67},
Pages = {77-88},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23116814},
Abstract = {The lateral occipital cortex (LOC) activates selectively to
images of intact objects versus scrambled controls, is
selective for the figure-ground relationship of a scene, and
exhibits at least some degree of invariance for size and
position. Because of these attributes, it is considered to
be a crucial part of the object recognition pathway. Here we
show that human LOC is critically involved in perceptual
decisions about object shape. High-density EEG was recorded
while subjects performed a threshold-level shape
discrimination task on texture-defined figures segmented by
either phase or orientation cues. The appearance or
disappearance of a figure region from a uniform background
generated robust visual evoked potentials throughout
retinotopic cortex as determined by inverse modeling of the
scalp voltage distribution. Contrasting responses from
trials containing shape changes that were correctly detected
(hits) with trials in which no change occurred (correct
rejects) revealed stimulus-locked, target-selective activity
in the occipital visual areas LOC and V4 preceding the
subject's response. Activity that was locked to the
subjects' reaction time was present in the LOC.
Response-locked activity in the LOC was determined to be
related to shape discrimination for several reasons:
shape-selective responses were silenced when subjects viewed
identical stimuli but their attention was directed away from
the shapes to a demanding letter discrimination task;
shape-selectivity was present across four different stimulus
configurations used to define the figure; LOC responses
correlated with participants' reaction times. These results
indicate that decision-related activity is present in the
LOC when subjects are engaged in threshold-level shape
discriminations.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.10.044},
Key = {fds270458}
}
@article{fds270442,
Author = {Mills, DL and Dai, L and Fishman, I and Yam, A and Appelbaum, LG and St
George, M and Galaburda, A and Bellugi, U and Korenberg,
JR},
Title = {Genetic mapping of brain plasticity across development in
Williams syndrome: ERP markers of face and language
processing.},
Journal = {Dev Neuropsychol},
Volume = {38},
Number = {8},
Pages = {613-642},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24219698},
Abstract = {In Williams Syndrome (WS), a known genetic deletion results
in atypical brain function with strengths in face and
language processing. We examined how genetic influences on
brain activity change with development. In three studies,
event-related potentials (ERPs) from large samples of
children, adolescents, and adults with the full genetic
deletion for WS were compared to typically developing
controls, and two adults with partial deletions for WS.
Studies 1 and 2 identified ERP markers of brain plasticity
in WS across development. Study 3 suggested that, in adults
with partial deletions for WS, specific genes may be
differentially implicated in face and language
processing.},
Doi = {10.1080/87565641.2013.825617},
Key = {fds270442}
}
@article{fds270443,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Donohue, SE and Park, CJ and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {Is one enough? The case for non-additive influences of
visual features on crossmodal Stroop interference.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {799},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24198800},
Abstract = {When different perceptual signals arising from the same
physical entity are integrated, they form a more reliable
sensory estimate. When such repetitive sensory signals are
pitted against other competing stimuli, such as in a Stroop
Task, this redundancy may lead to stronger processing that
biases behavior toward reporting the redundant stimuli. This
bias would therefore, be expected to evoke greater
incongruency effects than if these stimuli did not contain
redundant sensory features. In the present paper we report
that this is not the case for a set of three crossmodal,
auditory-visual Stroop tasks. In these tasks participants
attended to, and reported, either the visual or the auditory
stimulus (in separate blocks) while ignoring the other,
unattended modality. The visual component of these stimuli
could be purely semantic (words), purely perceptual
(colors), or the combination of both. Based on previous work
showing enhanced crossmodal integration and visual search
gains for redundantly coded stimuli, we had expected that
relative to the single features, redundant visual features
would have induced both greater visual distracter
incongruency effects for attended auditory targets, and been
less influenced by auditory distracters for attended visual
targets. Overall, reaction times were faster for visual
targets and were dominated by behavioral facilitation for
the cross-modal interactions (relative to interference), but
showed surprisingly little influence of visual feature
redundancy. Post-hoc analyses revealed modest and trending
evidence for possible increases in behavioral interference
for redundant visual distracters on auditory targets,
however, these effects were substantially smaller than
anticipated and were not accompanied by a redundancy effect
for behavioral facilitation or for attended visual
targets.},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00799},
Key = {fds270443}
}
@article{fds270447,
Author = {Donohue, SE and Appelbaum, LG and Park, CJ and Roberts, KC and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {Cross-modal stimulus conflict: the behavioral effects of
stimulus input timing in a visual-auditory Stroop
task.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {8},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e62802},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23638149},
Abstract = {Cross-modal processing depends strongly on the compatibility
between different sensory inputs, the relative timing of
their arrival to brain processing components, and on how
attention is allocated. In this behavioral study, we
employed a cross-modal audio-visual Stroop task in which we
manipulated the within-trial stimulus-onset-asynchronies
(SOAs) of the stimulus-component inputs, the grouping of the
SOAs (blocked vs. random), the attended modality (auditory
or visual), and the congruency of the Stroop color-word
stimuli (congruent, incongruent, neutral) to assess how
these factors interact within a multisensory context. One
main result was that visual distractors produced larger
incongruency effects on auditory targets than vice versa.
Moreover, as revealed by both overall shorter response times
(RTs) and relative shifts in the psychometric
incongruency-effect functions, visual-information processing
was faster and produced stronger and longer-lasting
incongruency effects than did auditory. When attending to
either modality, stimulus incongruency from the other
modality interacted with SOA, yielding larger effects when
the irrelevant distractor occurred prior to the attended
target, but no interaction with SOA grouping. Finally,
relative to neutral-stimuli, and across the wide range of
the SOAs employed, congruency led to substantially more
behavioral facilitation than did incongruency to
interference, in contrast to findings that within-modality
stimulus-compatibility effects tend to be more evenly split
between facilitation and interference. In sum, the present
findings reveal several key characteristics of how we
process the stimulus compatibility of cross-modal sensory
inputs, reflecting stimulus processing patterns that are
critical for successfully navigating our complex
multisensory world.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0062802},
Key = {fds270447}
}
@article{fds270461,
Author = {Krebs, RM and Boehler, CN and Appelbaum, LG and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {Reward associations reduce behavioral interference by
changing the temporal dynamics of conflict
processing.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {e53894},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23326530},
Abstract = {Associating stimuli with the prospect of reward typically
facilitates responses to those stimuli due to an enhancement
of attentional and cognitive-control processes. Such
reward-induced facilitation might be especially helpful when
cognitive-control mechanisms are challenged, as when one
must overcome interference from irrelevant inputs. Here, we
investigated the neural dynamics of reward effects in a
color-naming Stroop task by employing event-related
potentials (ERPs). We found that behavioral facilitation in
potential-reward trials, as compared to no-reward trials,
was paralleled by early ERP modulations likely indexing
increased attention to the reward-predictive stimulus.
Moreover, reward changed the temporal dynamics of
conflict-related ERP components, which may be a consequence
of an early access to the various stimulus features and
their relationships. Finally, although word meanings
referring to potential-reward colors were always
task-irrelevant, they caused greater interference compared
to words referring to no-reward colors, an effect that was
accompanied by a relatively early fronto-central ERP
modulation. This latter observation suggests that
task-irrelevant reward information can undermine
goal-directed behavior at an early processing stage,
presumably reflecting priming of a goal-incompatible
response. Yet, these detrimental effects of incongruent
reward-related words were absent in potential-reward trials,
apparently due to the prioritized processing of
task-relevant reward information. Taken together, the
present data demonstrate that reward associations can
influence conflict processing by changing the temporal
dynamics of stimulus processing and subsequent
cognitive-control mechanisms.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0053894},
Key = {fds270461}
}
@article{fds270459,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Cain, MS and Schroeder, JE and Darling, EF and Mitroff, SR},
Title = {Stroboscopic visual training improves information encoding
in short-term memory.},
Journal = {Atten Percept Psychophys},
Volume = {74},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1681-1691},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22810559},
Abstract = {The visual system has developed to transform an
undifferentiated and continuous flow of information into
discrete and manageable representations, and this ability
rests primarily on the uninterrupted nature of the input.
Here we explore the impact of altering how visual
information is accumulated over time by assessing how
intermittent vision influences memory retention. Previous
work has shown that intermittent, or stroboscopic, visual
training (i.e., practicing while only experiencing snapshots
of vision) can enhance visual-motor control and visual
cognition, yet many questions remain unanswered about the
mechanisms that are altered. In the present study, we used a
partial-report memory paradigm to assess the possible
changes in visual memory following training under
stroboscopic conditions. In Experiment 1, the memory task
was completed before and immediately after a training phase,
wherein participants engaged in physical activities (e.g.,
playing catch) while wearing either specialized stroboscopic
eyewear or transparent control eyewear. In Experiment 2, an
additional group of participants underwent the same
stroboscopic protocol but were delayed 24 h between
training and assessment, so as to measure retention. In
comparison to the control group, both stroboscopic groups
(immediate and delayed retest) revealed enhanced retention
of information in short-term memory, leading to better
recall at longer stimulus-to-cue delays (640-2,560 ms).
These results demonstrate that training under stroboscopic
conditions has the capacity to enhance some aspects of
visual memory, that these faculties generalize beyond the
specific tasks that were trained, and that trained
improvements can be maintained for at least a
day.},
Doi = {10.3758/s13414-012-0344-6},
Key = {fds270459}
}
@article{fds270463,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Boehler, CN and Won, R and Davis, L and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {Strategic allocation of attention reduces temporally
predictable stimulus conflict.},
Journal = {J Cogn Neurosci},
Volume = {24},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1834-1848},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22360623},
Abstract = {Humans are able to continuously monitor environmental
situations and adjust their behavioral strategies to
optimize performance. Here we investigate the behavioral and
brain adjustments that occur when conflicting stimulus
elements are, or are not, temporally predictable. ERPs were
collected while manual response variants of the Stroop task
were performed in which the SOAs between the relevant color
and irrelevant word stimulus components were either randomly
intermixed or held constant within each experimental run.
Results indicated that the size of both the neural and
behavioral effects of stimulus incongruency varied with the
temporal arrangement of the stimulus components, such that
the random-SOA arrangements produced the greatest
incongruency effects at the earliest irrelevant first SOA
(-200 msec) and the constant-SOA arrangements produced the
greatest effects with simultaneous presentation. These
differences in conflict processing were accompanied by rapid
(∼150 msec) modulations of the sensory ERPs to the
irrelevant distractor components when they occurred
consistently first. These effects suggest that individuals
are able to strategically allocate attention in time to
mitigate the influence of a temporally predictable
distractor. As these adjustments are instantiated by the
participants without instruction, they reveal a form of
rapid strategic learning for dealing with temporally
predictable stimulus incongruency.},
Doi = {10.1162/jocn_a_00209},
Key = {fds270463}
}
@article{fds270456,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Cain, MS and Darling, EF and Stanton, SJ and Nguyen,
MT and Mitroff, SR},
Title = {Corrigendum to " What is the identity of a sports
spectator?" [Personality and Individual Differences 52
(2012) 422-427]},
Journal = {Personality and Individual Differences},
Volume = {52},
Number = {7},
Pages = {862},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0191-8869},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.021},
Doi = {10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.021},
Key = {fds270456}
}
@article{fds270462,
Author = {Boehler, CN and Appelbaum, LG and Krebs, RM and Hopf, J-M and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {The influence of different Stop-signal response time
estimation procedures on behavior-behavior and
brain-behavior correlations.},
Journal = {Behav Brain Res},
Volume = {229},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-130},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22245527},
Abstract = {The fundamental cognitive-control function of inhibitory
control over motor behavior has been extensively
investigated using the Stop-signal task. The critical
behavioral parameter describing stopping efficacy is the
Stop-signal response time (SSRT), and correlations with
estimates of this parameter are commonly used to establish
that other variables (e.g., other behavioral measures or
brain activity measures) are closely related to inhibitory
motor control. Recently, however, it has been argued that
SSRT estimates can be strongly distorted if participants
strategically slow down their responses over the course of
the experiment, resulting in the SSRT no longer reliably
representing response-inhibition efficacy. Here, we
performed new analyses on behavioral and functional data
from an fMRI version of the Stop-signal task to gauge the
consequences of using different SSRT estimation approaches
that are differentially prone to the influence of strategic
response slowing. The results indicate that the SSRT
estimation approach can dramatically change
behavior-behavior correlations. Specifically, a correlation
between the SSRT and Go-trial accuracy that was highly
significant with one estimation approach, virtually
disappeared for the other. Additional analyses indeed
supported that this effect was related to strategic response
slowing. Concerning brain-behavior correlations, only the
left anterior insula was found to be significantly
correlated with the SSRT within the set of areas tested
here. Interestingly, this brain-behavior correlation
differed little for the different SSRT-estimation
procedures. In sum, the current results highlight that
different SSRT-estimation procedures can strongly influence
the distribution of SSRT values across subjects, which in
turn can ramify into correlational analyses with other
parameters.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.bbr.2012.01.003},
Key = {fds270462}
}
@article{fds270454,
Author = {Gregory Appelbaum and L and Cain, MS and Darling, EF and Stanton, SJ and Nguyen, MT and Mitroff, SR},
Title = {What is the identity of a sports spectator?},
Journal = {Personality and Individual Differences},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {422-427},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0191-8869},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.10.048},
Abstract = {Despite the prominence of sports in contemporary society,
little is known about the identity and personality traits of
sports spectators. With a sample of 293 individuals, we
examine four broad categories of factors that may explain
variability in the reported amount of time spent watching
sports. Using individual difference regression techniques,
we explore the relationship between sports spectating and
physiological measures (e.g., testosterone and cortisol),
clinical self-report scales (ADHD and autism), personality
traits (e.g., NEO "Big Five"), and pastime activities (e.g.,
video game playing). Our results indicate that individuals
who report higher levels of sports spectating tend to have
higher levels of extraversion, and in particular excitement
seeking and gregariousness. These individuals also engage
more in complementary pastime activities, including
participating in sports and exercise activities, watching
TV/movies, and playing video games. Notably, no differences
were observed in the clinical self-report scales, indicating
no differences in reported symptoms of ADHD or autism for
spectators and non-spectators. Likewise, no relationship was
seen between baseline concentrations of testosterone or
cortisol and sports spectating in our sample. These results
provide an assessment of the descriptive personality
dimensions of frequent sports spectators and provide a basic
taxonomy of how these traits are expressed across the
population. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.paid.2011.10.048},
Key = {fds270454}
}
@article{fds270460,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Ales, JM and Norcia, AM},
Title = {The time course of segmentation and cue-selectivity in the
human visual cortex.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e34205},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22479566},
Abstract = {Texture discontinuities are a fundamental cue by which the
visual system segments objects from their background. The
neural mechanisms supporting texture-based segmentation are
therefore critical to visual perception and cognition. In
the present experiment we employ an EEG source-imaging
approach in order to study the time course of texture-based
segmentation in the human brain. Visual Evoked Potentials
were recorded to four types of stimuli in which periodic
temporal modulation of a central 3° figure region could
either support figure-ground segmentation, or have identical
local texture modulations but not produce changes in global
image segmentation. The image discontinuities were defined
either by orientation or phase differences across image
regions. Evoked responses to these four stimuli were
analyzed both at the scalp and on the cortical surface in
retinotopic and functional regions-of-interest (ROIs)
defined separately using fMRI on a subject-by-subject basis.
Texture segmentation (tsVEP: segmenting versus
non-segmenting) and cue-specific (csVEP: orientation versus
phase) responses exhibited distinctive patterns of activity.
Alternations between uniform and segmented images produced
highly asymmetric responses that were larger after
transitions from the uniform to the segmented state. Texture
modulations that signaled the appearance of a figure evoked
a pattern of increased activity starting at ∼143 ms that
was larger in V1 and LOC ROIs, relative to identical
modulations that didn't signal figure-ground segmentation.
This segmentation-related activity occurred after an initial
response phase that did not depend on the global
segmentation structure of the image. The two cue types
evoked similar tsVEPs up to 230 ms when they differed in the
V4 and LOC ROIs. The evolution of the response proceeded
largely in the feed-forward direction, with only weak
evidence for feedback-related activity.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0034205},
Key = {fds270460}
}
@article{fds270471,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Smith, DV and Boehler, CN and Chen, WD and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {Rapid modulation of sensory processing induced by stimulus
conflict.},
Journal = {J Cogn Neurosci},
Volume = {23},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2620-2628},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1530-8898},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20849233},
Keywords = {Adult • Analysis of Variance • Brain • Brain
Mapping* • Conflict (Psychology)* •
Electroencephalography • Evoked Potentials, Visual
• Female • Functional Laterality • Humans
• Male • Photic Stimulation • Reaction Time
• Visual Pathways • Young Adult • methods
• physiology • physiology*},
Abstract = {Humans are constantly confronted with environmental stimuli
that conflict with task goals and can interfere with
successful behavior. Prevailing theories propose the
existence of cognitive control mechanisms that can suppress
the processing of conflicting input and enhance that of the
relevant input. However, the temporal cascade of brain
processes invoked in response to conflicting stimuli remains
poorly understood. By examining evoked electrical brain
responses in a novel, hemifield-specific, visual-flanker
task, we demonstrate that task-irrelevant conflicting
stimulus input is quickly detected in higher level executive
regions while simultaneously inducing rapid, recurrent
modulation of sensory processing in the visual cortex.
Importantly, however, both of these effects are larger for
individuals with greater incongruency-related RT slowing.
The combination of neural activation patterns and behavioral
interference effects suggest that this initial sensory
modulation induced by conflicting stimulus inputs reflects
performance-degrading attentional distraction because of
their incompatibility rather than any rapid task-enhancing
cognitive control mechanisms. The present findings thus
provide neural evidence for a model in which attentional
distraction is the key initial trigger for the temporal
cascade of processes by which the human brain responds to
conflicting stimulus input in the environment.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1162/jocn.2010.21575},
Key = {fds270471}
}
@article{fds270457,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Schroeder, JE and Cain, MS and Mitroff,
SR},
Title = {Improved Visual Cognition through Stroboscopic
Training.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {276},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22059078},
Abstract = {Humans have a remarkable capacity to learn and adapt, but
surprisingly little research has demonstrated generalized
learning in which new skills and strategies can be used
flexibly across a range of tasks and contexts. In the
present work we examined whether generalized learning could
result from visual-motor training under stroboscopic visual
conditions. Individuals were assigned to either an
experimental condition that trained with stroboscopic
eyewear or to a control condition that underwent identical
training with non-stroboscopic eyewear. The training
consisted of multiple sessions of athletic activities during
which participants performed simple drills such as throwing
and catching. To determine if training led to generalized
benefits, we used computerized measures to assess perceptual
and cognitive abilities on a variety of tasks before and
after training. Computer-based assessments included measures
of visual sensitivity (central and peripheral motion
coherence thresholds), transient spatial attention (a useful
field of view - dual task paradigm), and sustained attention
(multiple-object tracking). Results revealed that
stroboscopic training led to significantly greater re-test
improvement in central visual field motion sensitivity and
transient attention abilities. No training benefits were
observed for peripheral motion sensitivity or peripheral
transient attention abilities, nor were benefits seen for
sustained attention during multiple-object tracking. These
findings suggest that stroboscopic training can effectively
improve some, but not all aspects of visual perception and
attention.},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00276},
Key = {fds270457}
}
@article{fds270465,
Author = {Boehler, CN and Appelbaum, LG and Krebs, RM and Chen, L-C and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {The role of stimulus salience and attentional capture across
the neural hierarchy in a stop-signal task.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {6},
Number = {10},
Pages = {e26386},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {1932-6203},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22022611},
Keywords = {Attention • Behavior • Brain • Brain Mapping
• Female • Humans • Magnetic Resonance
Imaging • Male • Nerve Net • Physical
Stimulation • Task Performance and Analysis* •
Young Adult • anatomy & histology • physiology
• physiology*},
Abstract = {Inhibitory motor control is a core function of cognitive
control. Evidence from diverse experimental approaches has
linked this function to a mostly right-lateralized network
of cortical and subcortical areas, wherein a signal from the
frontal cortex to the basal ganglia is believed to trigger
motor-response cancellation. Recently, however, it has been
recognized that in the context of typical motor-control
paradigms those processes related to actual response
inhibition and those related to the attentional processing
of the relevant stimuli are highly interrelated and thus
difficult to distinguish. Here, we used fMRI and a modified
Stop-signal task to specifically examine the role of
perceptual and attentional processes triggered by the
different stimuli in such tasks, thus seeking to further
distinguish other cognitive processes that may precede or
otherwise accompany the implementation of response
inhibition. In order to establish which brain areas respond
to sensory stimulation differences by rare Stop-stimuli, as
well as to the associated attentional capture that these may
trigger irrespective of their task-relevance, we compared
brain activity evoked by Stop-trials to that evoked by
Go-trials in task blocks where Stop-stimuli were to be
ignored. In addition, region-of-interest analyses comparing
the responses to these task-irrelevant Stop-trials, with
those to typical relevant Stop-trials, identified separable
activity profiles as a function of the task-relevance of the
Stop-signal. While occipital areas were mostly blind to the
task-relevance of Stop-stimuli, activity in temporo-parietal
areas dissociated between task-irrelevant and task-relevant
ones. Activity profiles in frontal areas, in turn, were
activated mainly by task-relevant Stop-trials, presumably
reflecting a combination of triggered top-down attentional
influences and inhibitory motor-control processes.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0026386},
Key = {fds270465}
}
@article{fds270451,
Author = {Jack, J and Appelbaum, LG},
Title = {"This is your brain on rhetoric": Research directions for
neurorhetorics},
Journal = {Rhetoric Society Quarterly},
Volume = {40},
Number = {5},
Pages = {411-437},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0277-3945},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000284226900003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Neuroscience research findings yield fascinating new
insights into human cognition and communication.
Rhetoricians may be attracted to neuroscience research that
uses imaging tools (such as fMRI) to draw inferences about
rhetorical concepts, such as emotion, reason, or empathy.
Yet this interdisciplinary effort poses challenges to
rhetorical scholars. Accordingly, research in neurorhetorics
should be two-sided: Not only should researchers question
the neuroscience of rhetoric (the brain functions related to
persuasion and argument), but they should also inquire into
the rhetoric of neuroscience (how neuroscience research
findings are framed rhetorically). This two-sided approach
can help rhetoric scholars to use neuroscience insights in a
responsible manner, minimizing analytical pitfalls. These
two approaches can be combined to examine neuroscience
discussions about methodology, research, and emotion, and
studies of autism and empathy, with a rhetorical as well as
scientific lens. Such an approach yields productive insights
into rhetoric while minimizing potential pitfalls of
interdisciplinary work. © 2010 The Rhetoric Society of
America.},
Doi = {10.1080/02773945.2010.516303},
Key = {fds270451}
}
@article{fds270470,
Author = {Boehler, CN and Appelbaum, LG and Krebs, RM and Hopf, JM and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {Pinning down response inhibition in the brain--conjunction
analyses of the Stop-signal task.},
Journal = {Neuroimage},
Volume = {52},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1621-1632},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1095-9572},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20452445},
Keywords = {Adult • Cerebral Cortex • Cognition • Cues*
• Female • Humans • Male • Movement
• Neural Inhibition • Visual Perception •
physiology*},
Abstract = {Successful behavior requires a finely-tuned interplay of
initiating and inhibiting motor programs to react
effectively to constantly changing environmental demands.
One particularly useful paradigm for investigating
inhibitory motor control is the Stop-signal task, where
already-initiated responses to Go-stimuli are to be
inhibited upon the rapid subsequent presentation of a
Stop-stimulus (yielding successful and unsuccessful
Stop-trials). Despite the extensive use of this paradigm in
functional neuroimaging, there is no consensus on which
functional comparison to use to characterize
response-inhibition-related brain activity. Here, we utilize
conjunction analyses of successful and unsuccessful
Stop-trials that are each contrasted against a reference
condition. This conjunction approach identifies processes
common to both Stop-trial types while excluding processes
specific to either, thereby capitalizing on the presence of
some response-inhibition-related activity in both
conditions. Using this approach on fMRI data from human
subjects, we identify a network of brain structures that was
linked to both types of Stop-trials, including
lateral-inferior frontal and medial frontal cortical areas
and the caudate nucleus. In addition, comparisons with a
reference condition matched for visual stimulation
identified additional activity in the right inferior
parietal cortex that may play a role in enhancing the
processing of the Stop-stimuli. Finally, differences in
stopping efficacy across subjects were associated with
variations in activity in the left anterior insula. However,
this region was also associated with general task accuracy
(which furthermore correlated directly with stopping
efficacy), suggesting that it might actually reflect a more
general mechanism of performance control that supports
response inhibition in a relatively nonspecific
way.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.04.276},
Key = {fds270470}
}
@article{fds270475,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Ales, JM and Cottereau, B and Norcia,
AM},
Title = {Configural specificity of the lateral occipital
cortex.},
Journal = {Neuropsychologia},
Volume = {48},
Number = {11},
Pages = {3323-3328},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1873-3514},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20638395},
Keywords = {Adult • Cues • Electroencephalography •
Evoked Potentials, Visual • Female • Humans •
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted • Magnetic
Resonance Imaging • Male • Occipital Lobe •
Photic Stimulation • Visual Cortex • Visual
Perception • physiology • physiology*},
Abstract = {While regions of the lateral occipital cortex (LOC) are
known to be selective for objects relative to
feature-matched controls, it is not known what set of cues
or configurations are used to promote this selectivity. Many
theories of perceptual organization have emphasized the
figure-ground relationship as being especially important in
object-level processing. In the present work we studied the
role of perceptual organization in eliciting visual evoked
potentials from the object selective LOC. To do this, we
used two-region stimuli in which the regions were modulated
at different temporal frequencies and were comprised of
either symmetric or asymmetric arrangements. The asymmetric
arrangement produced an unambiguous figure-ground
relationship consistent with a smaller figure region
surrounded by a larger background, while four different
symmetric arrangements resulted in ambiguous figure-ground
relationships but still possessed strong kinetic boundaries
between the regions. The surrounded figure-ground
arrangement evoked greater activity in the LOC relative to
first-tier visual areas (V1-V3). Response selectivity in the
LOC, however, was not present for the four different types
of symmetric stimuli. These results suggest that kinetic
texture boundaries alone are not sufficient to trigger
selective processing in the LOC, but that the spatial
configuration of a figure that is surrounded by a larger
background is both necessary and sufficient to selectively
activate the LOC.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.07.016},
Key = {fds270475}
}
@article{fds270472,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Meyerhoff, KL and Woldorff, MG},
Title = {Priming and backward influences in the human brain:
processing interactions during the stroop interference
effect.},
Journal = {Cerebral Cortex},
Volume = {19},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2508-2521},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1460-2199},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19321654},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Attention • Brain •
Brain Mapping • Choice Behavior • Conflict
(Psychology)* • Contingent Negative Variation •
Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Problem Solving • Stroop Test • Young Adult •
methods* • physiology*},
Abstract = {This study investigated neural processing interactions
during Stroop interference by varying the temporal
separation of relevant and irrelevant features of congruent,
neutral, and incongruent colored-bar/color-word stimulus
components. High-density event-related potentials (ERPs) and
behavioral performance were measured as participants
reported the bar color as quickly as possible, while
ignoring the color words. The task-irrelevant color words
could appear at 1 of 5 stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs)
relative to the task-relevant bar-color occurrence: -200 or
-100 ms before, +100 or +200 ms after, or simultaneously.
Incongruent relative to congruent presentations elicited
slower reaction times and higher error rates (with neutral
in between), and ERP difference waves containing both an
early, negative-polarity, central-parietal deflection, and a
later, more left-sided, positive-polarity component. These
congruency-related differences interacted with SOA, showing
the greatest behavioral and electrophysiological effects
when irrelevant stimulus information preceded the
task-relevant target and reduced effects when the irrelevant
information followed the relevant target. We interpret these
data as reflecting 2 separate processes: 1) a 'priming
influence' that enhances the magnitude of conflict-related
facilitation and conflict-related interference when a
task-relevant target is preceded by an irrelevant
distractor; and 2) a reduced 'backward influence' of
stimulus conflict when the irrelevant distractor information
follows the task-relevant target.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1093/cercor/bhp036},
Key = {fds270472}
}
@article{fds270469,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Norcia, AM},
Title = {Attentive and pre-attentive aspects of figural
processing.},
Journal = {Journal of Vision},
Volume = {9},
Number = {11},
Pages = {18.1-1812},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1534-7362},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20053081},
Keywords = {Adult • Attention • Electroencephalography •
Evoked Potentials, Visual • Form Perception •
Fourier Analysis • Frontal Lobe • Humans •
Middle Aged • Occipital Lobe • Photic Stimulation
• methods • physiology*},
Abstract = {Here we use the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)
to study attentive versus non-attentive processing of simple
texture-defined shapes. By "tagging" the figure and
background regions with different temporal frequencies, the
method isolates response components associated with the
figure region, the background region, and with non-linear
spatio-temporal interactions between regions. Each of these
response classes has a distinct scalp topography that is
preserved under differing attentional task demands. In one
task, attention was directed to discrimination of shape
changes in the figure region. In the other task, a difficult
letter discrimination was used to divert attentive
processing resources away from the texture-defined form.
Larger task-dependent effects were observed for figure
responses and for the figure/background interaction than for
the background responses. The figure region responses were
delayed in occipital areas in the shape versus letter task
conditions, while the region interactions were enhanced,
especially in frontal areas. While a basic differentiation
of figure from background processing occurred independent of
task, attentive processing of elementary shapes recruited
later occipital activity for figure processing and sustained
non-linear figure/background interaction in frontal areas.
Collectively, these results indicate that basic aspects of
scene segmentation proceed pre-attentively, but that
directed attention to the object shape engages a widely
distributed network of brain areas including frontal and
occipital regions.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1167/9.11.18},
Key = {fds270469}
}
@article{fds350011,
Author = {Haberman, J and Harp, T and Whitney, D},
Title = {Averaging facial expression over time.},
Journal = {Journal of Vision},
Volume = {9},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1.1-113},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/9.11.1},
Abstract = {The visual system groups similar features, objects, and
motion (e.g., Gestalt grouping). Recent work suggests that
the computation underlying perceptual grouping may be one of
summary statistical representation. Summary representation
occurs for low-level features, such as size, motion, and
position, and even for high level stimuli, including faces;
for example, observers accurately perceive the average
expression in a group of faces (J. Haberman & D. Whitney,
2007, 2009). The purpose of the present experiments was to
characterize the time-course of this facial integration
mechanism. In a series of three experiments, we measured
observers' abilities to recognize the average expression of
a temporal sequence of distinct faces. Faces were presented
in sets of 4, 12, or 20, at temporal frequencies ranging
from 1.6 to 21.3 Hz. The results revealed that observers
perceived the average expression in a temporal sequence of
different faces as precisely as they perceived a single face
presented repeatedly. The facial averaging was independent
of temporal frequency or set size, but depended on the total
duration of exposed faces, with a time constant of
approximately 800 ms. These experiments provide evidence
that the visual system is sensitive to the ensemble
characteristics of complex objects presented over
time.},
Doi = {10.1167/9.11.1},
Key = {fds350011}
}
@article{fds270466,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Liotti, M and Perez, R and Fox, SP and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {The temporal dynamics of implicit processing of non-letter,
letter, and word-forms in the human visual
cortex.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {56},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {1662-5161},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20046826},
Abstract = {The decoding of visually presented line segments into
letters, and letters into words, is critical to fluent
reading abilities. Here we investigate the temporal dynamics
of visual orthographic processes, focusing specifically on
right hemisphere contributions and interactions between the
hemispheres involved in the implicit processing of visually
presented words, consonants, false fonts, and symbolic
strings. High-density EEG was recorded while participants
detected infrequent, simple, perceptual targets (dot
strings) embedded amongst a of character strings. Beginning
at 130 ms, orthographic and non-orthographic stimuli were
distinguished by a sequence of ERP effects over occipital
recording sites. These early latency occipital effects were
dominated by enhanced right-sided negative-polarity
activation for non-orthographic stimuli that peaked at
around 180 ms. This right-sided effect was followed by
bilateral positive occipital activity for false-fonts, but
not symbol strings. Moreover the size of components of this
later positive occipital wave was inversely correlated with
the right-sided ROcc180 wave, suggesting that subjects who
had larger early right-sided activation for non-orthographic
stimuli had less need for more extended bilateral (e.g.,
interhemispheric) processing of those stimuli shortly later.
Additional early (130-150 ms) negative-polarity activity
over left occipital cortex and longer-latency centrally
distributed responses (>300 ms) were present, likely
reflecting implicit activation of the previously reported
'visual-word-form' area and N400-related responses,
respectively. Collectively, these results provide a close
look at some relatively unexplored portions of the temporal
flow of information processing in the brain related to the
implicit processing of potentially linguistic information
and provide valuable information about the interactions
between hemispheres supporting visual orthographic
processing.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.3389/neuro.09.056.2009},
Key = {fds270466}
}
@article{fds270467,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Wade, AR and Pettet, MW and Vildavski, VY and Norcia,
AM},
Title = {Figure-ground interaction in the human visual
cortex.},
Journal = {Journal of Vision},
Volume = {8},
Number = {9},
Pages = {8.1-819},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1534-7362},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18831644},
Keywords = {Adult • Brain Mapping* • Electroencephalography
• Form Perception • Humans • Magnetic
Resonance Imaging • Models, Neurological* •
Multivariate Analysis • Nonlinear Dynamics •
Photic Stimulation • Retina • Space Perception
• Visual Cortex • physiology •
physiology*},
Abstract = {Discontinuities in feature maps serve as important cues for
the location of object boundaries. Here we used multi-input
nonlinear analysis methods and EEG source imaging to assess
the role of several different boundary cues in visual scene
segmentation. Synthetic figure/ground displays portraying a
circular figure region were defined solely by differences in
the temporal frequency of the figure and background regions
in the limiting case and by the addition of orientation or
relative alignment cues in other cases. The use of distinct
temporal frequencies made it possible to separately record
responses arising from each region and to characterize the
nature of nonlinear interactions between the two regions as
measured in a set of retinotopically and functionally
defined cortical areas. Figure/background interactions were
prominent in retinotopic areas, and in an extra-striate
region lying dorsal and anterior to area MT+.
Figure/background interaction was greatly diminished by the
elimination of orientation cues, the introduction of small
gaps between the two regions, or by the presence of a
constant second-order border between regions. Nonlinear
figure/background interactions therefore carry spatially
precise, time-locked information about the
continuity/discontinuity of oriented texture fields. This
information is widely distributed throughout occipital
areas, including areas that do not display strong
retinotopy.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1167/8.9.8},
Key = {fds270467}
}
@article{fds270474,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Lu, Z-L and Sperling, G},
Title = {Contrast amplification in global texture orientation
discrimination.},
Journal = {Journal of Vision},
Volume = {7},
Number = {10},
Pages = {13.1-1319},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1534-7362},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17997682},
Keywords = {Contrast Sensitivity* • Discrimination (Psychology)*
• Fourier Analysis • Humans • Models,
Psychological • Orientation • Perceptual Masking
• Photic Stimulation • Sensory Thresholds •
methods*},
Abstract = {We show that adding a low-contrast texture stimulus that is
far below its own detection threshold to an ambiguously
oriented high-contrast texture can produce an easily
perceived global orientation. When such a low-contrast
(e.g., 0.1%) test texture and a high-contrast (e.g., 2%)
amplifier texture are interleaved, the effective strength
for global orientation detection closely approximates the
product of the two contrasts. Therefore, adding two
ambiguous textures, an amplifier texture at 5x its threshold
contrast for global orientation discrimination and a test
texture at 1/5x its threshold contrast, produces threshold
global orientation discrimination, that is, 5x amplification
of the below-threshold test texture. The observed 5x
amplification factors are larger than facilitation effects
reported in other pattern tasks. Amplification is 11x when
orientation discrimination thresholds are compared to
absolute detection thresholds. For second-order textures,
maximum contrast amplification is about 2.5x. A contrast
gain control model is presented that accounts for 90% of the
variance in observed d' for texture patterns of differing
geometries, exposure durations, and component contrasts. In
the model, very low-contrast orientations are represented by
power functions of their contrasts, with an exponent greater
than two. As the contrast of an amplifier texture increases
beyond about 4%, feed-forward gain control exerted by the
amplifier ultimately nullifies the amplification effect and
produces masking.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1167/7.10.13},
Key = {fds270474}
}
@article{fds270449,
Author = {Norcia, AM and Wade, AR and Vildavski, VY and Pettet, MW and Appelbaum,
LG},
Title = {Anticipatory responses in human visual cortex to predictable
stimuli: An EEG source-imaging study},
Journal = {Perception},
Volume = {36},
Pages = {111-111},
Publisher = {SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0301-0066},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000250594600395&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds270449}
}
@article{fds270464,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Wade, AR and Vildavski, VY and Pettet, MW and Norcia,
AM},
Title = {Cue-invariant networks for figure and background processing
in human visual cortex.},
Journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
Volume = {26},
Number = {45},
Pages = {11695-11708},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1529-2401},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17093091},
Keywords = {Adult • Attention • Brain Mapping* • Contrast
Sensitivity • Cues* • Electroencephalography
• Humans • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Multivariate
Analysis • Orientation • Oxygen • Pattern
Recognition, Visual • Photic Stimulation • Size
Perception • Space Perception • Spectrum Analysis
• Visual Cortex • Visual Fields • blood
• blood supply • methods • physiology •
physiology*},
Abstract = {Lateral occipital cortical areas are involved in the
perception of objects, but it is not clear how these areas
interact with first tier visual areas. Using synthetic
images portraying a simple texture-defined figure and an
electrophysiological paradigm that allows us to monitor
cortical responses to figure and background regions
separately, we found distinct neuronal networks responsible
for the processing of each region. The figure region of our
displays was tagged with one temporal frequency (3.0 Hz) and
the background region with another (3.6 Hz). Spectral
analysis was used to separate the responses to the two
regions during their simultaneous presentation. Distributed
source reconstructions were made by using the minimum norm
method, and cortical current density was measured in a set
of visual areas defined on retinotopic and functional
criteria with the use of functional magnetic resonance
imaging. The results of the main experiments, combined with
a set of control experiments, indicate that the figure
region, but not the background, was routed preferentially to
lateral cortex. A separate network extending from first tier
through more dorsal areas responded preferentially to the
background region. The figure-related responses were mostly
invariant with respect to the texture types used to define
the figure, did not depend on its spatial location or size,
and mostly were unaffected by attentional instructions.
Because of the emergent nature of a segmented figure in our
displays, feedback from higher cortical areas is a likely
candidate for the selection mechanism by which the figure
region is routed to lateral occipital cortex.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2741-06.2006},
Key = {fds270464}
}
@article{fds270452,
Author = {Sperling, G and Appelbaum, LG and Lu, ZL},
Title = {Amplifying the effective perceptual contrast of a
grating},
Journal = {Perception},
Volume = {34},
Pages = {22-22},
Publisher = {PION LTD},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0301-0066},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000232726000052&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds270452}
}
@article{fds270473,
Author = {Mervis, CB and Morris, CA and Klein-Tasman, BP and Bertrand, J and Kwitny, S and Appelbaum, LG and Rice, CE},
Title = {Attentional characteristics of infants and toddlers with
Williams syndrome during triadic interactions.},
Journal = {Developmental Neuropsychology},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {243-268},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {8756-5641},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12730027},
Keywords = {Attention* • Case-Control Studies • Child Behavior
• Child Development • Child, Preschool •
Female • Humans • Infant • Male •
Temperament* • Visual Perception* • Williams
Syndrome • genetics • physiopathology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Two studies were conducted to consider the looking behavior
of infants and toddlers with Williams syndrome (WS). In
Study 1,the looking behavior of a 10-month-old girl with WS
during play sessions with her mother and with a stranger was
compared to that of 2 groups of infants who were developing
normally (ND),1 matched for chronological age and the other
for developmental age. The infant with WS spent more than
twice as much time looking at her mother as the infants in
either contrast group did. She also spent twice as much time
looking at the stranger. In addition, during 78%of this
time, her gaze at the stranger was coded as extremely
intense. Looks of this intensity were virtually never made
by the ND infants. In Study 2,the looking behavior of 31
individuals with WS ages 8 to 43 months during a genetics
evaluation was compared to that of 319 control children in
the same age range (242 with developmental delay due to
causes other than WS).Twenty-three of the 25 participants
with WS aged 33 months or younger demonstrated extended and
intense looking at the geneticist. In contrast, none of the
control participants looked extensively or intently at the
geneticist. Findings are discussed in the context of
previous research on arousal and focused attention during
normal development and on temperament and personality of
older children and adults with WS. It is argued that the
unusual looking patterns evidenced by infants and toddlers
with WS presage the unusual temperament and personality of
older individuals with WS, and the possibility of a genetic
basis for these behaviors is addressed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/87565641.2003.9651894},
Key = {fds270473}
}
@article{fds270450,
Author = {Appelbaum, LG and Lu, ZL and Sperling, G},
Title = {Contrast amplification in a texture discrimination
task.},
Journal = {Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {S315-S315},
Publisher = {ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0146-0404},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000168392101679&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds270450}
}
@article{fds270468,
Author = {Mills, DL and Alvarez, TD and St George and M and Appelbaum, LG and Bellugi, U and Neville, H},
Title = {III. Electrophysiological studies of face processing in
Williams syndrome.},
Journal = {Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience},
Volume = {12 Suppl 1},
Pages = {47-64},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0898-929X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10953233},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Electroencephalography •
Electrophysiology* • Evoked Potentials • Face*
• Humans • Occipital Lobe • Space Perception
• Williams Syndrome • physiology •
physiopathology • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {Williams Syndrome (WMS) is a genetically based disorder
characterized by pronounced variability in performance
across different domains of cognitive functioning. This
study examined brain activity linked to face-processing
abilities, which are typically spared in individuals with
WMS. Subjects watched photographic pairs of upright or
inverted faces and indicated if the second face matched or
did not match the first face. Results from a previous study
with normal adults showed dramatic differences in the timing
and distribution of ERP effects linked to recognition of
upright and inverted faces. In normal adults, upright faces
elicited ERP differences to matched vs. mismatched faces at
approximately 320 msec (N320) after the onset of the second
stimulus. This "N320" effect was largest over anterior
regions of the right hemisphere. In contrast, the
mismatch/match effect for inverted faces consisted of a
large positive component between 400 and 1000 msec (P500)
that was largest over parietal regions and was symmetrical.
In contrast to normal adults, WMS subjects showed an
N320-mismatch effect for both upright and inverted faces.
Additionally, the WMS subjects did not display the N320
right-hemisphere asymmetry observed in the normal adults.
WMS subjects also displayed an abnormally small negativity
at 100 msec (N100) and an abnormally large negativity at 200
msec (N200) to both upright and inverted faces. This ERP
pattern was observed in all subjects with WMS but was not
observed in the normal controls. These results may be linked
to increased attention to faces in subjects with WMS and
might be specific to the disorder. These results were
consistent with our ERP studies of language processing in
WMS, which suggested abnormal cerebral specialization for
spared cognitive functions in individuals with
WMS.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1162/089892900561977},
Key = {fds270468}
}
%% Chapters in Books
@misc{fds353026,
Author = {Beynel, L and Appelbaum, LG and Kimbrel, NA},
Title = {Neurobiology and neuromodulation of emotion in
PTSD},
Pages = {175-210},
Booktitle = {Emotion in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Etiology,
Assessment, Neurobiology, and Treatment},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {9780128160220},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816022-0.00007-7},
Abstract = {PTSD is a chronic, highly debilitating condition that can
develop following exposure to traumatic events.
Unfortunately, less than 20%-30% of patients with PTSD
achieve full remission following pharmacological treatment.
As such, there is a need for novel, nonpharmacological
alternatives that can facilitate recovery from PTSD. Brain
stimulation approaches have been widely used as treatments
for mood disorders, and a growing literature is
investigating the capacity of these approaches to treat PTSD
symptoms. Results from these studies demonstrate feasibility
and preliminary efficacy; however, optimizing brain
stimulation efficacy remains a crucial goal that requires a
better understanding of the neurobiology associated with
this disorder. The present chapter describes neurocircuitry
models of PTSD as they relate to systems that are
specifically accessible through brain stimulation. We then
review existing brain stimulation studies that have
addressed PTSD and associated outcomes before concluding
with proposals for optimizing rTMS efficacy in PTSD
treatment.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-816022-0.00007-7},
Key = {fds353026}
}
@misc{fds338342,
Author = {Clements, JM and Kopper, R and Zielinski, DJ and Rao, H and Sommer, MA and Kirsch, E and Mainsah, BO and Collins, LM and Appelbaum,
LG},
Title = {Neurophysiology of Visual-Motor Learning during a Simulated
Marksmanship Task in Immersive Virtual Reality},
Journal = {25th Ieee Conference on Virtual Reality and 3d User
Interfaces, Vr 2018 Proceedings},
Pages = {451-458},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Editor = {Kiyokawa, K and Steinicke, F and Thomas, BH and Welch,
G},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781538633656},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/VR.2018.8446068},
Abstract = {Immersive virtual reality (VR) systems offer flexible
control of an interactive environment, along with precise
position and orientation tracking of realistic movements.
Immersive VR can also be used in conjunction with
neurophysiological monitoring techniques, such as
electroencephalography (EEG), to record neural activity as
users perform complex tasks. As such, the fusion of VR,
kinematic tracking, and EEG offers a powerful testbed for
naturalistic neuroscience research. In this study, we
combine these elements to investigate the cognitive and
neural mechanisms that underlie motor skill learning during
a multi-day simulated marksmanship training regimen
conducted with 20 participants. On each of 3 days,
participants performed 8 blocks of 60 trials in which a
simulated clay pigeon was launched from behind a trap house.
Participants attempted to shoot the moving target with a
firearm game controller, receiving immediate positional
feedback and running scores after each shot. Over the course
of the 3 days that individuals practiced this protocol, shot
accuracy and precision improved significantly while reaction
times got significantly faster. Furthermore, results
demonstrate that more negative EEG amplitudes produced over
the visual cortices correlate with better shooting
performance measured by accuracy, reaction times, and
response times, indicating that early visual system
plasticity underlies behavioral learning in this task. These
findings point towards a naturalistic neuroscience approach
that can be used to identify neural markers of marksmanship
performance.},
Doi = {10.1109/VR.2018.8446068},
Key = {fds338342}
}
@misc{fds330473,
Author = {Jack, J and Appelbaum, LG and Beam, E and Moody, J and Huettel,
SA},
Title = {Mapping rhetorical topologies in cognitive
neuroscience},
Pages = {125-150},
Booktitle = {Topologies as Techniques for a Post-Critical
Rhetoric},
Publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9783319512679},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51268-6_7},
Abstract = {Many tools that neuroscientists use to trace the complex
topography of the human brain draw on the neuroscience
literature to yield “metanalyses” or “syntheses of
data.” These approaches conflate rhetorical connections in
the literature with physical connections in the brain. By
contrast, the model presented in this chapter seeks not a
topography of the brain but a topology of neuroscience. A
social network analysis of titles and abstracts for
cognitive neuroscience articles yields a topology of brain
regions and functions. This map can help researchers
identify underresearched areas (e.g., the thalamus) or areas
that are oversaturated (e.g., the amygdala). The map also
helps researchers identify subdisciplines, such as
“neuroeconomics,” that have not yet integrated with the
broader field–“islands” where rhetorical work could
yield benefits.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-51268-6_7},
Key = {fds330473}
}
@misc{fds320204,
Author = {Zielinski, DJ and Rao, HM and Potter, ND and Appelbaum, LG and Kopper,
R},
Title = {Evaluating the Effects of Image Persistence on Dynamic
Target Acquisition in Low Frame Rate Virtual
Environments},
Journal = {2016 Ieee Virtual Reality Posters},
Volume = {2016-July},
Pages = {319-320},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2016},
ISBN = {9781509008360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/VR.2016.7504782},
Abstract = {Here we explore a visual display technique for low frame
rate virtual environments called low persistence (LP). This
involves displaying the rendered frame for a single display
frame and blanking the screen while waiting for the next
frame to be generated. To gain greater knowledge about the
LP technique, we have conducted a user study to evaluate
user performance and learning during a dynamic target
acquisition task. The task involved the acquisition of
targets moving along several different trajectories, modeled
after a shotgun trap shooting task. The results of our study
indicate the LP condition approaches high frame rate
performance within certain classes of target trajectories.
Interestingly we also see that learning is consistent across
conditions, indicating that it may not always be necessary
to train under a visually high frame rate
system.},
Doi = {10.1109/VR.2016.7504782},
Key = {fds320204}
}
@misc{fds270445,
Author = {Martin, RS and Appelbaum, LG and Huettel, SA and Woldorff,
MG},
Title = {NEURAL SIGNATURES OF VALUE-DRIVEN ATTENTIONAL CAPTURE
PREDICT INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN ECONOMIC
CHOICE},
Journal = {Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience},
Pages = {208-208},
Publisher = {M I T PRESS},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0898-929X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000317030501166&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds270445}
}
@misc{fds270446,
Author = {Donohue, SE and Appelbaum, LG and Woldorff, MG},
Title = {THE EFFECTS OF RESPONSE NUMBER AND TASK ON THE
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF CONFLICT
PROCESSING},
Journal = {Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience},
Pages = {102-102},
Publisher = {M I T PRESS},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0898-929X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000317030500377&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds270446}
}
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