Psychology and Neuroscience
Arts & Sciences
Duke University
| |
Faculty Database Psychology and Neuroscience Arts & Sciences Duke University |
|
| HOME > Arts & Sciences > pn > Faculty | Search Help Login |
|
| Publications of Elizabeth J. Costello :chronological alphabetical combined listing:
%% Journal Articles
@article{fds271503,
Author = {Choo, CS and Chen, Y and McHoney, M},
Title = {Regarding: Optimal timing for inguinal hernia repair in
premature infants: A systematic review and
meta-analysis.},
Journal = {J Pediatr Surg},
Volume = {56},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1083-1084},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.12.030},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.12.030},
Key = {fds271503}
}
@article{fds349056,
Author = {Polimanti, R and Walters, RK and Johnson, EC and McClintick, JN and Adkins, AE and Adkins, DE and Bacanu, S-A and Bierut, LJ and Bigdeli,
TB and Brown, S and Bucholz, KK and Copeland, WE and Costello, EJ and Degenhardt, L and Farrer, LA and Foroud, TM and Fox, L and Goate, AM and Grucza, R and Hack, LM and Hancock, DB and Hartz, SM and Heath, AC and Hewitt, JK and Hopfer, CJ and Johnson, EO and Kendler, KS and Kranzler,
HR and Krauter, K and Lai, D and Madden, PAF and Martin, NG and Maes, HH and Nelson, EC and Peterson, RE and Porjesz, B and Riley, BP and Saccone, N and Stallings, M and Wall, TL and Webb, BT and Wetherill, L and Psychiatric
Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders Workgroup, and Edenberg, HJ and Agrawal, A and Gelernter, J},
Title = {Leveraging genome-wide data to investigate differences
between opioid use vs. opioid dependence in 41,176
individuals from the Psychiatric Genomics
Consortium.},
Journal = {Mol Psychiatry},
Volume = {25},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1673-1687},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41380-020-0677-9},
Abstract = {To provide insights into the biology of opioid dependence
(OD) and opioid use (i.e., exposure, OE), we completed a
genome-wide analysis comparing 4503 OD cases, 4173
opioid-exposed controls, and 32,500 opioid-unexposed
controls, including participants of European and African
descent (EUR and AFR, respectively). Among the variants
identified, rs9291211 was associated with OE (exposed vs.
unexposed controls; EUR z = -5.39, p = 7.2 × 10-8).
This variant regulates the transcriptomic profiles of
SLC30A9 and BEND4 in multiple brain tissues and was
previously associated with depression, alcohol consumption,
and neuroticism. A phenome-wide scan of rs9291211 in the UK
Biobank (N > 360,000) found association of this variant
with propensity to use dietary supplements
(p = 1.68 × 10-8). With respect to the same OE
phenotype in the gene-based analysis, we identified SDCCAG8
(EUR + AFR z = 4.69, p = 10-6), which was
previously associated with educational attainment,
risk-taking behaviors, and schizophrenia. In addition,
rs201123820 showed a genome-wide significant difference
between OD cases and unexposed controls (AFR z = 5.55,
p = 2.9 × 10-8) and a significant association with
musculoskeletal disorders in the UK Biobank
(p = 4.88 × 10-7). A polygenic risk score (PRS)
based on a GWAS of risk-tolerance (n = 466,571) was
positively associated with OD (OD vs. unexposed controls,
p = 8.1 × 10-5; OD cases vs. exposed controls,
p = 0.054) and OE (exposed vs. unexposed controls,
p = 3.6 × 10-5). A PRS based on a GWAS of
neuroticism (n = 390,278) was positively associated with
OD (OD vs. unexposed controls, p = 3.2 × 10-5; OD
vs. exposed controls, p = 0.002) but not with OE
(p = 0.67). Our analyses highlight the difference
between dependence and exposure and the importance of
considering the definition of controls in studies of
addiction.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41380-020-0677-9},
Key = {fds349056}
}
@article{fds354259,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Gaydosh, L and Hill, SN and Godwin, J and Harris, KM and Costello, EJ and Shanahan, L},
Title = {Associations of Despair With Suicidality and Substance
Misuse Among Young Adults.},
Journal = {Jama Network Open},
Volume = {3},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e208627},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8627},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Deaths of despair is a term that has recently
been used to describe the increases in premature mortality
from suicides, drug overdoses (particularly from opiates),
and alcohol-related liver disease among US adults. Despite
the use of the term despair, its role in these causes of
premature death has not been empirically tested. OBJECTIVE:
To test whether despair among young adults is associated
with suicidal thoughts and behavior, alcohol misuse, and
drug misuse. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The Great
Smoky Mountains Study is a Southeastern, mixed urban-rural
population-based cohort study conducted from November 10,
1992, to September 22, 2015. A total of 1420 participants
originally 9, 11, and 13 years of age were followed up 11
times to 30 years of age (11 230 person-observations). A
total of 1154 of 1400 living participants (82.4%) were
assessed at 30 years of age. Statistical analysis was
performed from May 7, 2019, to April 10, 2020. EXPOSURES:
Participants were assessed with structured interviews for
indicators of despair (eg, hopelessness, helplessness, low
self-worth, and feeling unloved). Despair was assessed with
items from structured interviews: the Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Assessment and the Young Adult Psychiatric
Assessment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Structured
interviews were used to assess suicidal thoughts and
behavior, substance use, and Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) alcohol use
disorder and drug use disorder (including opioids) in young
adulthood (2424 observations of 1266 individuals between 25
and 30 years of age). RESULTS: This study included 1420
individuals (790 male individuals). During young adulthood
(25 and 30 years of age), the 3-month weighted prevalence of
any despair was 19.5% (476 of 2424 observations) with 7.6%
of participants (201 of 2424 observations) reporting 2 or
more despair items. In longitudinal, lagged models, despair
scores (range, 0-3) were associated with more suicidal
thoughts and behaviors (odds ratio [OR], 1.5; 95% CI,
1.1-2.0), illicit drug use (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.5), and
opioid use (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.3) but not alcohol use
disorder (OR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.6-1.2). These associations
persisted after accounting for sociodemographic factors (eg,
poverty and educational level), lagged outcome status, and
lagged depression status. The associations between despair
and study outcomes were stronger in models accounting for
long-term measures of despair extending back to childhood.
There was no consistent pattern of moderation by
sociodemographic factors. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This
study's findings suggest an empirical basis for longitudinal
associations between despair and several, but not all,
precursors of "deaths of despair" in rural Appalachia.
Individual despair should be studied as a potential factor
associated with morbidity and impairment in young
adulthood.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8627},
Key = {fds354259}
}
@article{fds349928,
Author = {Singh, P and Brown, R and Copeland, WE and Costello, EJ and Bruckner,
TA},
Title = {Income dividends and subjective survival in a Cherokee
Indian cohort: a quasi-experiment.},
Journal = {Biodemography Soc Biol},
Volume = {65},
Number = {2},
Pages = {172-187},
Year = {2020},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19485565.2020.1730155},
Abstract = {Persons with high temporal discounting tend to value
immediate gratification over future gains. Low self-reported
lifespan (SRL)-an individual's assessment of a relatively
short future lifespan-concentrates in low-income populations
and may reflect high temporal discounting. We use
casino-based cash dividends among the Eastern Band of
Cherokee Indians (EBCI) as a quasi-experiment to test
whether large income gains among EBCI members translate into
increased SRL. We used SRL data for EBCI and White youth,
aged 19 to 28, participating in two waves of the Life Time
Trajectory of Youth (LTI-Y) survey from 2000 to 2010. We
controlled for unobserved confounding across individuals,
time, and region through a longitudinal design using a
difference-in-difference analytic approach (N = 294). We
conducted all analyses separately by gender and by quartile
of socioeconomic status. Cash dividends correspond with a
15.23 year increase in SRL among EBCI men below the lowest
socio-economic quartile at baseline relative to Whites
(standard error = 5.39, p < .01). Results using other
socio-economic cut-points support improved SRL among EBCI
men (but not women). The large magnitude of this result
among EBCI men indicates that a non-trivial cash dividend to
a low-income population may confer long-term benefits on
perceptions of future lifespan and, in turn, reduce temporal
discounting.Abbreviations: EBCI: Eastern Band of Cherokee
Indians; SES: Socioeconomic Status; LTI-Y: Life Trajectory
Interview for Youth; GSMS: Great Smoky Mountains Study; SRL:
Self-Reported Lifespan; SSS: Subjective Social
Status.},
Doi = {10.1080/19485565.2020.1730155},
Key = {fds349928}
}
@article{fds344644,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Worthman, C and Shanahan, L and Costello, EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {Early Pubertal Timing and Testosterone Associated With
Higher Levels of Adolescent Depression in
Girls.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {58},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1197-1206},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.02.007},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of depression increases
dramatically during puberty in girls. Earlier work in this
sample reported that the sex steroids estradiol and
testosterone were associated with increased depression in
girls. Using three additional data waves (983 new
observations), we retest the relative contributions of
pubertal timing, pubertal status, and sex hormones on the
increases in female depression. METHOD: Eight waves of data
from the prospective, representative Great Smoky Mountains
Study were used covering female participants in the
community who were 9 to 16 years of age (3,005 assessments
of 630 girls; 1993-2000). Structured interviews assessed
depressive disorders. Youth rated their pubertal status
using Tanner stage drawings, and sex steroids were assayed
from dried blood spots. RESULTS: Risk for depression during
puberty was associated with both age and Tanner stage in
univariate models. In adjusted models accounting for
pubertal timing and sex steroids, the apparent effects of
age and Tanner stage were attenuated both in terms of
statistical significance and effect size. The only
significant predictors of change in depression status during
puberty were early pubertal timing (odds ratio = 5.8, 95%
CI = 1.9-17.9, p = .002 after age 12 years) and higher
testosterone levels (odds ratio = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.1-3.8,
p = .03 for quartile-split variable). CONCLUSION: The added
observations have modified the original conclusions,
implicating the following: testosterone only, but not
estradiol; and early pubertal timing, but not age or
pubertal status per se. These findings argue for multiple
pubertal determinants of depression risk, including factors
that are socially and biologically mediated.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2019.02.007},
Key = {fds344644}
}
@article{fds346301,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred Kozecke and L and Golonka, M and Hill, SN and Costello, EJ and Shanahan, L and Copeland, WE},
Title = {Association of Parental Incarceration With Psychiatric and
Functional Outcomes of Young Adults.},
Journal = {Jama Network Open},
Volume = {2},
Number = {8},
Pages = {e1910005},
Publisher = {American Medical Association (AMA)},
Year = {2019},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.10005},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: In 2016, an estimated 8% of US children younger
than 18 years had experienced the incarceration of a parent,
and rates were substantially higher among children from
racial and ethnic minority backgrounds and disadvantaged
groups. Little is known about whether parental incarceration
during childhood is associated with adult psychiatric
problems and functional outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To examine
whether parental incarceration is associated with increased
levels of psychiatric diagnosis and poor outcomes in health,
legal, financial, and social domains in adulthood. DESIGN,
SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study used data from
the community-representative, prospective, longitudinal
Great Smoky Mountains Study. Children and their parents were
interviewed up to 8 times from January 1993 to December 2000
(ages 9-16 years; 6674 observations of 1420 participants)
using the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment, which
assessed parental incarceration, childhood psychiatric
diagnoses, and other adversities. Young adults were followed
up at ages 19, 21, 25, and 30 years from January 1999 to
December 2015 (4556 observations of 1334 participants) to
assess psychiatric diagnoses and functional outcomes
indicative of a disrupted transition to adulthood. Data
analysis was conducted from June 2018 to June 2019. RESULTS:
By age 16 years, 475 participants (weighted percentage,
23.9%) had a parental figure who had been incarcerated,
including 259 young men (22.2%) and 216 young women (25.5%).
Parental incarceration was associated with higher prevalence
of childhood psychiatric diagnoses (eg, any depressive
diagnosis: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3-4.6;
P = .006; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: aOR,
2.3; 95% CI, 1.0-5.5; P = .06; and conduct disorder:
aOR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.4-4.3; P = .001). After accounting
for childhood psychiatric diagnoses and adversity exposure,
parental incarceration remained associated with increased
odds of having an adult anxiety disorder (aOR, 1.7; 95% CI,
1.0-3.0; P = .04), having an illicit drug use disorder
(aOR, 6.6; 95% CI, 2.6-17.0; P < .001), having a felony
charge (aOR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.8-6.5; P < .001),
incarceration (aOR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.4-5.4; P = .003), not
completing high school (aOR, 4.4; 95% CI, 2.2-8.8;
P < .001), early parenthood (aOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0-3.0;
P = .04), and being socially isolated (aOR, 2.2; 95% CI,
1.2-4.0; P = .009). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This
study suggests that parental incarceration is associated
with a broad range of psychiatric, legal, financial, and
social outcomes during young adulthood. Parental
incarceration is a common experience that may perpetuate
disadvantage from generation to generation.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.10005},
Key = {fds346301}
}
@article{fds343378,
Author = {Shanahan, L and Hill, SN and Gaydosh, LM and Steinhoff, A and Costello,
EJ and Dodge, KA and Harris, KM and Copeland, WE},
Title = {Does Despair Really Kill? A Roadmap for an Evidence-Based
Answer.},
Journal = {Am J Public Health},
Volume = {109},
Number = {6},
Pages = {854-858},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.305016},
Abstract = {Two seemingly associated demographic trends have generated
considerable interest: income stagnation and rising
premature mortality from suicides, drug poisoning, and
alcoholic liver disease among US non-Hispanic Whites with
low education. Economists interpret these population-level
trends to indicate that despair induced by financial
stressors is a shared pathway to these causes of death.
Although we now have the catchy term "deaths of despair," we
have yet to study its central empirical claim: that
conceptually defined and empirically assessed "despair" is
indeed a common pathway to several causes of death. At the
level of the person, despair consists of cognitive,
emotional, behavioral, and biological domains. Despair can
also permeate social relationships, networks, institutions,
and communities. Extant longitudinal data sets feature
repeated measures of despair-before, during, and after the
Great Recession-offering resources to test the role that
despair induced by economic decline plays in premature
morbidity and mortality. Such tests must also focus on
protective factors that could shield individuals. Deaths of
despair is more than a phrase; it constitutes a hypothesis
that deserves conceptual mapping and empirical study with
longitudinal, multilevel data.},
Doi = {10.2105/AJPH.2019.305016},
Key = {fds343378}
}
@article{fds343379,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Shanahan, L and Hinesley, J and Chan, RF and Aberg, KA and Fairbank, JA and van den Oord, EJCG and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Association of Childhood Trauma Exposure With Adult
Psychiatric Disorders and Functional Outcomes.},
Journal = {Jama Network Open},
Volume = {1},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e184493},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4493},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Being exposed to trauma is a common childhood
experience associated with symptoms and impairments in
childhood. OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between
cumulative childhood trauma exposure and adult psychiatric
and functional outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
Prospective, population-based cohort study of 1420
participants. A community representative sample of
participants was assessed with structured Child and
Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment interviews up to 8 times
in childhood (ages 9-16 years; 6674 observations; 1993-2000)
for lifetime trauma exposure as defined by the Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Participants
were followed up 4 times in adulthood (ages 19, 21, 25, and
30 years; 4556 observations of 1336 participants; 1999-2015)
with the structured Young Adult Psychiatric Assessment
Interview for psychiatric outcomes, functional outcomes, and
evidence of a disrupted transition to adulthood. Analysis
was completed in 2018. EXPOSURE: Participants were assessed
with the structured Child and Adolescent Psychiatric
Assessment interview (parent and self-report) up to 8 times
in childhood for lifetime trauma exposure (ages 9-16 years;
6674 observations; 1993-2000). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Participants were assessed up to 4 times with the structured
Young Adult Psychiatric Assessment interview (self-report)
in adulthood (ages 19, 21, 25, and 30 years; 4556
observations of 1336 participants; 1999-2015) for
psychiatric outcomes, functional outcomes, and evidence of a
disrupted transition to adulthood. RESULTS: Among the 1420
study participants, 630 (49.0%) were female and 983 (89.4%)
were white. By age 16 years, 30.9% of children (n = 451)
were exposed to 1 traumatic event, 22.5% (n = 289) were
exposed to 2 such events, and 14.8% (n = 267) were
exposed to 3 or more. Cumulative childhood trauma exposure
to age 16 years was associated with higher rates of adult
psychiatric disorders (odds ratio for any disorder, 1.2; 95%
CI, 1.0-1.4) and poorer functional outcomes, including key
outcomes that indicate a significantly disrupted transition
to adulthood (eg, failure to hold a job and social
isolation). Childhood trauma exposure continued to be
associated with higher rates of adult psychiatric and
functional outcomes after adjusting for a broad range of
childhood risk factors, including psychiatric functioning
and family adversities and hardships (adjusted odds ratio
for any disorder, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0-1.5). CONCLUSIONS AND
RELEVANCE: Cumulative childhood trauma exposure was
associated with poor adult outcomes even after accounting
for many of the childhood and family factors associated with
both trauma exposure and poor adult outcomes. Childhood
trauma exposures are common, but often preventable, thus
providing a clear target for child-focused public health
efforts to ameliorate long-term morbidity.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4493},
Key = {fds343379}
}
@article{fds337359,
Author = {Eg, J and Bilenberg, N and Costello, EJ and Wesselhoeft,
R},
Title = {Self- and parent-reported depressive symptoms rated by the
mood and feelings questionnaire.},
Journal = {Psychiatry Research},
Volume = {268},
Pages = {419-425},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.016},
Abstract = {The Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ) was developed to
measure depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. It
includes a self-report and a parent-report part. This study
set out to test the psychometric properties of the MFQ in a
Danish population of children and adolescents.The study
included a population-based sample of n = 992
individuals aged 9-17 years and n = 703 parents from
five schools. The internal consistencies of both MFQ
versions were excellent with high alpha coefficients. With
few exceptions, correlation between items and the total
score was moderate to high. Vegetative symptoms were among
the lowest correlating items while cognitive symptoms were
among the highest. Girls reported more depressive symptoms
than boys, and reports from offspring indicated more
depressive symptoms than reports from parents. There was no
difference in depressive symptoms by respondents aged 9 to
11 compared to respondents aged 12 to 17 in schools where
all pupils participated. However, in schools where pupils
participated by choice, an increase in depressive symptoms
by age was found. This study suggests that MFQ is reliable
for evaluating depressive symptoms in a population of
children and adolescents. Furthermore, it is of clinical
relevance that parents tend to underreport depressive
symptoms of their offspring.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.016},
Key = {fds337359}
}
@article{fds333242,
Author = {Akee, R and Copeland, W and Costello, EJ and Simeonova,
E},
Title = {How Does Household Income Affect Child Personality Traits
and Behaviors?},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {108},
Number = {3},
Pages = {775-827},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20160133},
Abstract = {We examine the effects of a quasi-experimental unconditional
household income transfer on child emotional and behavioral
health and personality traits. Using longitudinal data, we
find that there are large beneficial effects on children's
emotional and behavioral health and personality traits
during adolescence. We find evidence that these effects are
most pronounced for children who start out with the lowest
initial endowments. The income intervention also results in
improvements in parental relationships which we interpret as
a potential mechanism behind our findings.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20160133},
Key = {fds333242}
}
@article{fds329142,
Author = {Hill, S and Shanahan, L and Costello, EJ and Copeland,
W},
Title = {Predicting Persistent, Limited, and Delayed Problematic
Cannabis Use in Early Adulthood: Findings From a
Longitudinal Study.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {56},
Number = {11},
Pages = {966-974.e4},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.08.012},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To identify risk profiles associated with
patterns of problematic cannabis use in early adulthood.
METHOD: Data came from 1,229 participants in the Great Smoky
Mountains Study, a prospective 20-year cohort study from
1993 to 2015 that is representative of western North
Carolina with yearly assessments conducted from ages 9 and
16 years, and assessments at ages 19, 21, 26, and 30 years.
Patterns of problematic cannabis use (i.e., DSM-5 cannabis
use disorder or daily use) in early adulthood included the
following: nonproblematic use in late adolescence (ages
19-21) and early adulthood (ages 26-30); limited problematic
use in late adolescence only; persistent problematic use in
late adolescence and early adulthood; and delayed
problematic use in early adulthood only. Multinominal
logistic regression models examined pairwise associations
between these patterns and risk factors in childhood/early
adolescence (ages 9-16) and late adolescence (ages 19-21).
Risk factors included psychiatric disorders (e.g., anxiety,
depressive), other substance use (smoking, alcohol, illicit
drugs), and challenging social factors (e.g., low
socioeconomic status, family functioning, peers). Sex and
race/ethnicity (white, African American, American Indian)
interactions were tested. RESULTS: The persistent pattern
(6.7% of sample) was characterized by more anxiety disorders
across development and more DSM-5 CUD symptoms during late
adolescence compared to the limited pattern (13.3%), which,
in turn, had more childhood family instability and
dysfunction. The delayed pattern (3.7%) was characterized by
more externalizing disorders, maltreatment, and peer
bullying in childhood compared to those in nonproblematic
users. There were no significant interactions of sex or
race/ethnicity. CONCLUSION: Problematic cannabis use
patterns during early adulthood have distinctive risk
profiles, which may be useful in tailoring targeted
interventions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2017.08.012},
Key = {fds329142}
}
@article{fds329547,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Goldston, DB and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Adult Associations of Childhood Suicidal Thoughts and
Behaviors: A Prospective, Longitudinal Analysis.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {56},
Number = {11},
Pages = {958-965.e4},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.08.015},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Suicidal thoughts and behavior (STBs) have their
peak period of onset in adolescence, but little is known
about how such behavior is associated with later
functioning. The aim of this study is to test whether
childhood STBs are related to adult psychiatric, suicidal,
and functional outcomes. METHOD: This is a prospective,
population-based community study of 1,420 participants
assessed with structured interviews up to 7 times in
childhood/adolescence (ages 9-16 years; 6,674 observations)
for STBs including passive and active ideation, plans, and
attempts. Participants were then assessed 4 times in young
adulthood (ages 19, 21, 24, and 30 years; 4,556 observations
of 1,273 participants) for psychiatric diagnoses, STBs, and
functional outcomes. RESULTS: By age 16 years, 7.0% of
participants had reported some type of STBs, with 3.9%
reporting an attempt. Both ideation only and suicide
attempts were associated with higher levels of anxiety
disorders and STBs in adulthood, as well as poor functioning
across financial, health, risky/illegal, and social domains.
These observed effects generally were attenuated after
adjusting for other psychiatric and psychosocial factors
that predict childhood STBs (particularly maltreatment,
depression, and disruptive behavior disorders). The
exception was adult suicidal behavior, which was predicted
by both childhood ideation and attempts, even in the fully
adjusted model. Children and adolescents with STBs were more
likely to have had a disrupted transition to adulthood.
CONCLUSION: Childhood STBs are a marker for a multitude of
poor psychiatric and functional outcomes in adulthood, but
these effects are largely accounted for by other factors. In
contrast, childhood STBs are a robust risk factor for adult
suicidal thoughts and behavior.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2017.08.015},
Key = {fds329547}
}
@article{fds326255,
Author = {Clark, SL and McClay, JL and Adkins, DE and Kumar, G and Aberg, KA and Nerella, S and Xie, L and Collins, AL and Crowley, JJ and Quackenbush,
CR and Hilliard, CE and Shabalin, AA and Vrieze, SI and Peterson, RE and Copeland, WE and Silberg, JL and McGue, M and Maes, H and Iacono, WG and Sullivan, PF and Costello, EJ and van den Oord,
EJ},
Title = {Deep Sequencing of 71 Candidate Genes to Characterize
Variation Associated with Alcohol Dependence.},
Journal = {Alcohol Clin Exp Res},
Volume = {41},
Number = {4},
Pages = {711-718},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acer.13352},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous genomewide association studies (GWASs)
have identified a number of putative risk loci for alcohol
dependence (AD). However, only a few loci have replicated
and these replicated variants only explain a small
proportion of AD risk. Using an innovative approach, the
goal of this study was to generate hypotheses about
potentially causal variants for AD that can be explored
further through functional studies. METHODS: We employed
targeted capture of 71 candidate loci and flanking regions
followed by next-generation deep sequencing (mean coverage
78X) in 806 European Americans. Regions included in our
targeted capture library were genes identified through
published GWAS of alcohol, all human alcohol and aldehyde
dehydrogenases, reward system genes including dopaminergic
and opioid receptors, prioritized candidate genes based on
previous associations, and genes involved in the absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs. We
performed single-locus tests to determine if any single
variant was associated with AD symptom count. Sets of
variants that overlapped with biologically meaningful
annotations were tested for association in aggregate.
RESULTS: No single, common variant was significantly
associated with AD in our study. We did, however, find
evidence for association with several variant sets. Two
variant sets were significant at the q-value <0.10 level: a
genic enhancer for ADHFE1 (p = 1.47 × 10-5 ;
q = 0.019), an alcohol dehydrogenase, and ADORA1
(p = 5.29 × 10-5 ; q = 0.035), an adenosine receptor
that belongs to a G-protein-coupled receptor gene family.
CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first sequencing
study of AD to examine variants in entire genes, including
flanking and regulatory regions. We found that in addition
to protein coding variant sets, regulatory variant sets may
play a role in AD. From these findings, we have generated
initial functional hypotheses about how these sets may
influence AD.},
Doi = {10.1111/acer.13352},
Key = {fds326255}
}
@article{fds323141,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Hill, S and Costello, EJ and Shanahan,
L},
Title = {Cannabis Use and Disorder From Childhood to Adulthood in a
Longitudinal Community Sample With American
Indians.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {124-132.e2},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.11.006},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Recent changes in DSM criteria require new
documentation of the prevalence and developmental sequences
of cannabis use disorder (CUD). The goal of this study was
to investigate the early course of DSM-5 CUD and its
overlap with DSM-IV and consumption constructs in a
community-representative sample of American Indians. METHOD:
Data came from the prospective, longitudinal,
population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study in North
Carolina (N = 1,420, including 349 American Indians).
Cannabis use and disorder were assessed during yearly
interviews from 9 to 16 years of age and at 19, 21, 26, and
30 years of age (up to 11 assessments per participant from
1993 through 2015). RESULTS: By 30 years of age,
approximately 70% of participants had used cannabis, 34% had
used cannabis daily, and 18% had met criteria for DSM-5 CUD.
Approximately 1 in 4 cannabis users met criteria for CUD at
some point. Those who met criteria initiated use more than 2
years previously (at 13.3 years old) compared with other
users. Despite higher risks from increased poverty, American
Indians' patterns of use were similar to those of the rest
of the sample. Concordance between DSM-5 CUD and DSM-IV
abuse or dependence was substantial but was even higher
between DSM-5 CUD and daily use. CONCLUSION: It was common
to have used cannabis daily or to have met criteria for
DSM-5 CUD by adulthood. DSM-5 CUD was an improvement over
DSM-IV diagnostic constructs by raising the threshold for
diagnosis.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2016.11.006},
Key = {fds323141}
}
@article{fds322753,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Copeland, W and Angold, A},
Title = {The Great Smoky Mountains Study: developmental epidemiology
in the southeastern United States.},
Journal = {Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol},
Volume = {51},
Number = {5},
Pages = {639-646},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1168-1},
Abstract = {AIMS: To describe the Great Smoky Mountains Study (GSMS).
METHODS: GSMS is a longitudinal study of child psychiatric
disorders that began in 1992 to look at need for mental
health services in a rural area of the USA. Over 20 years it
has expanded its range to include developmental epidemiology
more generally, not only the development of psychiatric and
substance abuse problems but also their correlates and
predictors: family and environmental risk, physical
development including puberty, stress and stress-related
hormones, trauma, the impact of poverty, genetic markers,
and epigenetics. Now that participants are in their 30s the
focus has shifted to adult outcomes of childhood
psychopathology and risk, and early physical, cognitive, and
psychological markers of aging. RESULTS: This paper
describes the results from over 11,000 interviews, examples
of the study's contributions to science and policy, and
plans for the future. CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal studies can
provide insights that aid in policy planning.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00127-015-1168-1},
Key = {fds322753}
}
@article{fds322752,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Early Detection and Prevention of Mental Health Problems:
Developmental Epidemiology and Systems of
Support.},
Journal = {J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol},
Volume = {45},
Number = {6},
Pages = {710-717},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2016.1236728},
Abstract = {This article reviews the role of developmental epidemiology
in the prevention of child and adolescent mental disorders
and the implications for systems of support. The article
distinguishes between universal or primary prevention, which
operates at the level of the whole community to limit risk
exposure before the onset of symptoms, and secondary or
targeted prevention, which operates by identifying those at
high risk of developing a disorder. It discusses different
aspects of time as it relates to risk for onset of disease,
such as age at first exposure, duration of exposure, age at
onset of first symptoms, and time until treatment. The study
compares universal and targeted prevention, describing the
systems needed to support each, and their unintended
consequences.},
Doi = {10.1080/15374416.2016.1236728},
Key = {fds322752}
}
@article{fds330729,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Bulik, CM and Zucker, N and Wolke, D and Lereya, ST and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Does childhood bullying predict eating disorder symptoms? A
prospective, longitudinal analysis.},
Journal = {Int J Eat Disord},
Volume = {48},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1141-1149},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eat.22459},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Bullying is a common childhood experience with
enduring psychosocial consequences. The aim of this study
was to test whether bullying increases risk for eating
disorder symptoms. METHOD: Ten waves of data on 1,420
participants between ages 9 and 25 were used from the
prospective population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study.
Structured interviews were used to assess bullying
involvement and symptoms of anorexia nervosa and bulimia
nervosa as well as associated features. Bullying involvement
was categorized as not involved, bully only, victim only, or
both bully and victim (bully-victims). RESULTS: Within
childhood/adolescence, victims of bullying were at increased
risk for symptoms of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa as
well as associated features. These associations persisted
after accounting for prior eating disorder symptom status as
well as preexisting psychiatric status and family
adversities. Bullies were at increased risk of symptoms of
bulimia and associated features of eating disorders, and
bully-victims had higher levels of anorexia symptoms. In
terms of individual items, victims were at risk for binge
eating, and bully-victims had more binge eating and use of
vomiting as a compensatory behavior. There was little
evidence in this sample that these effects differed by sex.
Childhood bullying status was not associated with increased
risk for persistent eating disorder symptoms into adulthood
(ages 19, 21, and 25). DISCUSSION: Bullying predicts eating
disorder symptoms for both bullies and victims. Bullying
involvement should be a part of risk assessment and
treatment planning for children with eating
problems.},
Doi = {10.1002/eat.22459},
Key = {fds330729}
}
@article{fds271506,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Wolke, D and Shanahan, L and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Adult Functional Outcomes of Common Childhood Psychiatric
Problems: A Prospective, Longitudinal Study.},
Journal = {Jama Psychiatry},
Volume = {72},
Number = {9},
Pages = {892-899},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {2168-622X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0730},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Psychiatric problems are among the most common
health problems of childhood. OBJECTIVE: To test whether
these health problems adversely affect adult functioning
even if the problems themselves do not persist. DESIGN,
SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective, population-based
study of 1420 participants from 11 predominantly rural
counties of North Carolina who were assessed with structured
interviews up to 6 times during childhood (9-16 years of
age, for a total 6674 observations) for common psychiatric
diagnoses and subthreshold psychiatric problems. The period
for this study was from 1993 to 2010. MAIN OUTCOMES AND
MEASURES: A total of 1273 participants were assessed 3 times
during young adulthood (19, 21, and 24-26 years of age, for
a total of 3215 observations) for adverse outcomes related
to health, the legal system, personal finances, and social
functioning. RESULTS: Participants with a childhood disorder
had 6 times higher odds (odds ratio [OR], 5.9 [95% CI,
3.6-9.7]) of at least 1 adverse adult outcome (ie,
indicator) compared with those with no history of
psychiatric problems and 9 times higher odds (OR, 8.7 [95%
CI, 4.3-17.8]) of 2 or more such indicators (1 indicator:
59.5% vs 19.9% [P < .001]; ≥ 2 indicators: 34.2% vs 5.6%
[P < .001]). These associations persisted after
statistically controlling for childhood psychosocial
hardships and adult psychiatric problems. Risk was not
limited to those who received a diagnosis; participants with
subthreshold psychiatric problems had 3 times higher odds
(OR, 2.9 [95% CI, 1.8-4.8]) of adult adverse outcomes and 5
times higher odds (OR, 5.1 [95% CI, 2.4-10.7]) of 2 or more
outcomes (1 indicator: 41.9% vs 19.9% [P < .001]; ≥ 2
indicators: 23.2% vs 5.6% [P < .001]). The best diagnostic
predictor of adverse outcomes was cumulative childhood
exposure to psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS AND
RELEVANCE: Common, typically moderately impairing, childhood
psychiatric problems are associated with a disrupted
transition to adulthood even if the problems do not persist
into adulthood and even if the problems are subthreshold.
Such problems provide a potential target for public health
efforts to ameliorate adult suffering and
morbidity.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0730},
Key = {fds271506}
}
@article{fds271505,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Brotman, MA and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Normative Irritability in Youth: Developmental Findings From
the Great Smoky Mountains Study.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {54},
Number = {8},
Pages = {635-642},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2015.05.008},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to examine the
developmental epidemiology of normative irritability and its
tonic and phasic components in a longitudinal community
sample of youth. METHOD: Eight waves of data from the
prospective, community Great Smoky Mountains Study (6,674
assessments of 1,420 participants) were used, covering
children in the community 9 to 16 years of age. Youth and 1
parent were interviewed using the Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Assessment to assess tonic (touchy/easily
annoyed, irritable mood, angry or resentful) and phasic
(temper tantrums or anger outbursts) components of
irritability, including frequency, duration, onset, and
cross-context variability. RESULTS: At any given point in
childhood/adolescence, 51.4% (standard error [SE] = 1.4) of
participants reported phasic irritability, 28.3% (SE = 1.2)
reported tonic irritability, and 22.8% (SE = 1.1) reported
both. These prevalence levels decreased with age but did not
vary by sex. The overlap between tonic and phasic
irritability was high (odds ratio = 5.8, 95% CI =
3.3-10.5, p < .0001), with little evidence of tonic
occurring without phasic irritability. Both tonic and phasic
irritability predicted one another over time, supporting
both heterotypic and homotypic continuity. Low levels of
either tonic or phasic irritability increased risk for
disrupted functioning including service use, school
suspensions, parental burden, and emotional symptoms both
concurrently and at 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSION:
Irritability is relatively common, decreases with age but
does not vary by sex, and at almost any level is associated
with increased risk of disrupted functioning. Its relative
components frequently overlap, although irritable outbursts
are more common than irritable mood. Irritability appears to
be a high-priority transdiagnostic marker for screening
children in need of clinical attention.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2015.05.008},
Key = {fds271505}
}
@article{fds271507,
Author = {Adkins, DE and Clark, SL and Copeland, WE and Kennedy, M and Conway, K and Angold, A and Maes, H and Liu, Y and Kumar, G and Erkanli, A and Patkar,
AA and Silberg, J and Brown, TH and Fergusson, DM and Horwood, LJ and Eaves, L and van den Oord, EJCG and Sullivan, PF and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Alcohol
Consumption Across Youth and Early Adulthood.},
Journal = {Twin Research and Human Genetics : the Official Journal of
the International Society for Twin Studies},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {335-347},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1832-4274},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2015.36},
Abstract = {The public health burden of alcohol is unevenly distributed
across the life course, with levels of use, abuse, and
dependence increasing across adolescence and peaking in
early adulthood. Here, we leverage this temporal patterning
to search for common genetic variants predicting
developmental trajectories of alcohol consumption.
Comparable psychiatric evaluations measuring alcohol
consumption were collected in three longitudinal community
samples (N=2,126, obs=12,166). Consumption-repeated
measurements spanning adolescence and early adulthood were
analyzed using linear mixed models, estimating individual
consumption trajectories, which were then tested for
association with Illumina 660W-Quad genotype data (866,099
SNPs after imputation and QC). Association results were
combined across samples using standard meta-analysis
methods. Four meta-analysis associations satisfied our
pre-determined genome-wide significance criterion (FDR<0.1)
and six others met our 'suggestive' criterion (FDR<0.2).
Genome-wide significant associations were highly biological
plausible, including associations within GABA transporter 1,
SLC6A1 (solute carrier family 6, member 1), and exonic hits
in LOC100129340 (mitofusin-1-like). Pathway analyses
elaborated single marker results, indicating significant
enriched associations to intuitive biological mechanisms,
including neurotransmission, xenobiotic pharmacodynamics,
and nuclear hormone receptors (NHR). These findings
underscore the value of combining longitudinal behavioral
data and genome-wide genotype information in order to study
developmental patterns and improve statistical power in
genomic studies.},
Doi = {10.1017/thg.2015.36},
Key = {fds271507}
}
@article{fds271508,
Author = {Lereya, ST and Copeland, WE and Costello, EJ and Wolke,
D},
Title = {Adult mental health consequences of peer bullying and
maltreatment in childhood: two cohorts in two
countries.},
Journal = {Lancet Psychiatry},
Volume = {2},
Number = {6},
Pages = {524-531},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {2215-0366},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00165-0},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The adult mental health consequences of
childhood maltreatment are well documented. Maltreatment by
peers (ie, bullying) has also been shown to have long-term
adverse effects. We aimed to determine whether these effects
are just due to being exposed to both maltreatment and
bullying or whether bullying has a unique effect. METHODS:
We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and
Children in the UK (ALSPAC) and the Great Smoky Mountains
Study in the USA (GSMS) longitudinal studies. In ALSPAC,
maltreatment was assessed as physical, emotional, or sexual
abuse, or severe maladaptive parenting (or both) between
ages 8 weeks and 8·6 years, as reported by the mother in
questionnaires, and being bullied was assessed with child
reports at 8, 10, and 13 years using the previously
validated Bullying and Friendship Interview Schedule. In
GSMS, both maltreatment and bullying were repeatedly
assessed with annual parent and child interviews between
ages 9 and 16 years. To identify the association between
maltreatment, being bullied, and mental health problems,
binary logistic regression analyses were run. The primary
outcome variable was overall mental health problem (any
anxiety, depression, or self-harm or suicidality). FINDINGS:
4026 children from the ALSPAC cohort and 1420 children from
the GSMS cohort provided information about bullying
victimisation, maltreatment, and overall mental health
problems. The ALSPAC study started in 1991 and the GSMS
cohort enrolled participants from 1993. Compared with
children who were not maltreated or bullied, children who
were only maltreated were at increased risk for depression
in young adulthood in models adjusted for sex and family
hardships according to the GSMS cohort (odds ratio [OR]
4·1, 95% CI 1·5-11·7). According to the ALSPAC cohort,
those who were only being maltreated were not at increased
risk for any mental health problem compared with children
who were not maltreated or bullied. By contrast, those who
were both maltreated and bullied were at increased risk for
overall mental health problems, anxiety, and depression
according to both cohorts and self-harm according to the
ALSPAC cohort compared with neutral children. Children who
were bullied by peers only were more likely than children
who were maltreated only to have mental health problems in
both cohorts (ALSPAC OR 1·6, 95% CI 1·1-2·2; p=0·005;
GSMS 3·8, 1·8-7·9, p<0·0001), with differences in
anxiety (GSMS OR 4·9; 95% CI 2·0-12·0), depression
(ALSPAC 1·7, 1·1-2·7), and self-harm (ALSPAC 1·7,
1·1-2·6) between the two cohorts. INTERPRETATION: Being
bullied by peers in childhood had generally worse long-term
adverse effects on young adults' mental health. These
effects were not explained by poly-victimisation. The
findings have important implications for public health
planning and service development for dealing with peer
bullying. FUNDING: Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council,
Economic and Social Research Council, National Institute of
Mental Health, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, NARSAD
(Early Career Award), and the William T Grant
Foundation.},
Doi = {10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00165-0},
Key = {fds271508}
}
@article{fds271513,
Author = {Shanahan, L and Zucker, N and Copeland, WE and Bondy, CL and Egger, HL and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Childhood somatic complaints predict generalized anxiety and
depressive disorders during young adulthood in a community
sample.},
Journal = {Psychol Med},
Volume = {45},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1721-1730},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0033-2917},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291714002840},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Children with somatic complaints are at
increased risk for emotional disorders during childhood.
Whether this elevated risk extends into young adulthood -
and to which specific disorders - has rarely been tested
with long-term prospective-longitudinal community samples.
Here we test whether frequent and recurring stomach aches,
headaches, and muscle aches during childhood predict
emotional disorders in adulthood after accounting for
childhood psychiatric and physical health status and
psychosocial adversity. METHOD: The Great Smoky Mountains
Study is a community representative sample with 1420
participants. Children/adolescents were assessed 4-7 times
between ages 9-16 years. They were assessed again up to
three times between ages 19-26 years. Childhood somatic
complaints were coded when subjects or their parents
reported frequent and recurrent headaches, stomach aches, or
muscular/joint aches at some point when children were aged
9-16 years. Psychiatric disorders were assessed with the
Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment and the Young
Adult Psychiatric Assessment. RESULTS: Frequent and
recurrent somatic complaints in childhood predicted
adulthood emotional disorders. After controlling for
potential confounders, predictions from childhood somatic
complaints were specific to later depression and generalized
anxiety disorder. Long-term predictions did not differ by
sex. Somatic complaints that persisted across developmental
periods were associated with the highest risk for young
adult emotional distress disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Children
from the community with frequent and recurrent physical
distress are at substantially increased risk for emotional
distress disorders during young adulthood. Preventions and
interventions for somatic complaints could help alleviate
this risk.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0033291714002840},
Key = {fds271513}
}
@article{fds271514,
Author = {Erskine, HE and Moffitt, TE and Copeland, WE and Costello, EJ and Ferrari, AJ and Patton, G and Degenhardt, L and Vos, T and Whiteford,
HA and Scott, JG},
Title = {A heavy burden on young minds: the global burden of mental
and substance use disorders in children and
youth.},
Journal = {Psychol Med},
Volume = {45},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1551-1563},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0033-2917},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291714002888},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mental and substance use disorders are common
and often persistent, with many emerging in early life.
Compared to adult mental and substance use disorders, the
global burden attributable to these disorders in children
and youth has received relatively little attention. METHOD:
Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 was used
to investigate the burden of mental and substance disorders
in children and youth aged 0-24 years. Burden was estimated
in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), derived
from the sum of years lived with disability (YLDs) and years
of life lost (YLLs). RESULTS: Globally, mental and substance
use disorders are the leading cause of disability in
children and youth, accounting for a quarter of all YLDs
(54.2 million). In terms of DALYs, they ranked 6th with 55.5
million DALYs (5.7%) and rose to 5th when mortality burden
of suicide was reattributed. While mental and substance use
disorders were the leading cause of DALYs in high-income
countries (HICs), they ranked 7th in low- and middle-income
countries (LMICs) due to mortality attributable to
infectious diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Mental and substance use
disorders are significant contributors to disease burden in
children and youth across the globe. As reproductive health
and the management of infectious diseases improves in LMICs,
the proportion of disease burden in children and youth
attributable to mental and substance use disorders will
increase, necessitating a realignment of health services in
these countries.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0033291714002888},
Key = {fds271514}
}
@article{fds271511,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Shanahan, L and Davis, M and Burns, BJ and Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Increase in untreated cases of psychiatric disorders during
the transition to adulthood.},
Journal = {Psychiatr Serv},
Volume = {66},
Number = {4},
Pages = {397-403},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1075-2730},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201300541},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: During the transition to adulthood, youths face
challenges that may limit their likelihood of obtaining
services for psychiatric problems. The goal of this analysis
was to estimate changes in rates of service use and
untreated psychiatric disorders during the transition from
adolescence to adulthood. METHODS: In a prospective,
population-based study, participants were assessed up to
four times in adolescence (ages 13-16; 3,983 observations of
1,297 participants, 1993-2000) and three times in young
adulthood (ages 19, 21, and 24-26; 3,215 observations of
1,273 participants, 1999-2010). Structured diagnostic
interviews were used to assess service need (participants
meeting DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for a psychiatric
disorder) and use of behavioral services in 21 service
settings in the past three months. RESULTS: During young
adulthood, 28.9% of cases of psychiatric disorders were
associated with some treatment, compared with a rate of
50.9% for the same participants during adolescence. This
decrease included a near-complete drop in use of educational
and vocational services as well as declines in use of
specialty behavioral services. Young adults most frequently
accessed services in specialty behavioral or general medical
settings. Males, African Americans, participants with
substance dependence, and participants living independently
were least likely to get treatment. For cases of psychiatric
disorders among young adults, insurance and poverty status
were unrelated to likelihood of service use. CONCLUSIONS:
Young adults were much less likely to receive treatment for
psychiatric problems than they were as adolescents. Public
policy must address gaps in service use during the
transition to adulthood.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ps.201300541},
Key = {fds271511}
}
@article{fds271510,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Commentary: 'Diseases of the world': from epidemiology to
etiology of child and adolescent psychopathology--a
commentary on Polanczyk et al. (2015).},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {366-369},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12402},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.12402},
Key = {fds271510}
}
@article{fds271512,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Maughan, B},
Title = {Annual research review: Optimal outcomes of child and
adolescent mental illness.},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {324-341},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12371},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: 'Optimal outcomes' of child and adolescent
psychiatric disorders may mean the best possible outcome, or
the best considering a child's history. Most research into
the outcomes of child and adolescent psychiatric disorder
concentrates on the likelihood of adult illness and
disability given an earlier history of psychopathology.
METHODS: In this article, we review the research literature
(based on a literature search using PubMed, RePORT and
Google Advanced Scholar databases) on including optimal
outcomes for young people with a history of anxiety,
depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,
conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, or
substance use disorders in childhood or adolescence. We
consider three types of risks that these children may run
later in development: future episodes of the same disorder,
future episodes of a different disorder, and functional
impairment. The impact of treatment or preventative
interventions on early adult functioning is briefly
reviewed. RESULTS: We found that very few studies enabled us
to answer our questions with certainty, but that in general
about half of adults with a psychiatric history were
disorder-free and functioning quite well in their 20s or
30s. However, their chance of functioning well was less than
that of adults without a psychiatric history, even in the
absence of a current disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Among adults who
had a psychiatric disorder as a child or adolescent, about
half can be expected to be disorder-free as young adults,
and of these about half will be free of significant
difficulties in the areas of work, health, relationships,
and crime. Optimal outcomes are predicted by a mixture of
personal characteristics and environmental
supports.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.12371},
Key = {fds271512}
}
@article{fds271515,
Author = {Shanahan, L and Zucker, N and Copeland, WE and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Are children and adolescents with food allergies at
increased risk for psychopathology?},
Journal = {J Psychosom Res},
Volume = {77},
Number = {6},
Pages = {468-473},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.10.005},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Living with food allergy is a unique and
potentially life-threatening stressor that requires constant
vigilance to food-related stimuli, but little is known about
whether adolescents with food allergies are at increased
risk for psychopathology-concurrently and over time.
METHODS: Data came from the prospective-longitudinal Great
Smoky Mountains Study. Adolescents (N=1420) were recruited
from the community, and interviewed up to six times between
ages 10 and 16 for the purpose of the present analyses. At
each assessment, adolescents and one parent were interviewed
using the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment,
resulting in N=5165 pairs of interviews. RESULTS:
Cross-sectionally, food allergies were associated with more
symptoms of separation and generalized anxiety, disorder,
attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and anorexia
nervosa. Longitudinally, adolescents with food allergy
experienced increases in symptoms of generalized anxiety
disorder and depression from one assessment to the next.
Food allergies were not, however, associated with a higher
likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria for a psychiatric
disorder. CONCLUSION: The unique constellation of
adolescents' increased symptoms of psychopathology in the
context of food allergy likely reflects an adaptive increase
in vigilance rather than cohesive syndromes of
psychopathology. Support and guidance from health care
providers is needed to help adolescents with food allergies
and their caregivers achieve an optimal balance between
necessary vigilance and hypervigilance and unnecessary
restriction.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.10.005},
Key = {fds271515}
}
@article{fds271517,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Adult outcomes of childhood bullying victimization.},
Journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry},
Volume = {171},
Number = {7},
Pages = {709-711},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0002-953X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14040466},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14040466},
Key = {fds271517}
}
@article{fds271519,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Shanahan, L and Egger, H and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Adult diagnostic and functional outcomes of DSM-5 disruptive
mood dysregulation disorder.},
Journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry},
Volume = {171},
Number = {6},
Pages = {668-674},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0002-953X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13091213},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is
a new disorder for DSM-5 that is uncommon and frequently
co-occurs with other psychiatric disorders. Here, the
authors test whether meeting diagnostic criteria for this
disorder in childhood predicts adult diagnostic and
functional outcomes. METHOD: In a prospective,
population-based study, individuals were assessed with
structured interviews up to six times in childhood and
adolescence (ages 10 to 16 years; 5,336 observations of
1,420 youths) for symptoms of DMDD and three times in young
adulthood (ages 19, 21, and 24-26 years; 3,215 observations
of 1,273 young adults) for psychiatric and functional
outcomes (health, risky/illegal behavior,
financial/educational functioning, and social functioning).
RESULTS: Young adults with a history of childhood DMDD had
elevated rates of anxiety and depression and were more
likely to meet criteria for more than one adult disorder
relative to comparison subjects with no history of childhood
psychiatric disorders (noncases) or individuals meeting
criteria for psychiatric disorders other than DMDD in
childhood or adolescence (psychiatric comparison subjects).
Participants with a history of DMDD were more likely to have
adverse health outcomes, be impoverished, have reported
police contact, and have low educational attainment as
adults compared with either psychiatric or noncase
comparison subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The long-term prognosis of
children with DMDD is one of pervasive impaired functioning
that in many cases is worse than that of other childhood
psychiatric disorders.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13091213},
Key = {fds271519}
}
@article{fds271520,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Wolke, D and Lereya, ST and Shanahan, L and Worthman,
C and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Childhood bullying involvement predicts low-grade systemic
inflammation into adulthood.},
Journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A},
Volume = {111},
Number = {21},
Pages = {7570-7575},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0027-8424},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8868 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Bullying is a common childhood experience that involves
repeated mistreatment to improve or maintain one's status.
Victims display long-term social, psychological, and health
consequences, whereas bullies display minimal ill effects.
The aim of this study is to test how this adverse social
experience is biologically embedded to affect short- or
long-term levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of
low-grade systemic inflammation. The prospective
population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study (n = 1,420),
with up to nine waves of data per subject, was used,
covering childhood/adolescence (ages 9-16) and young
adulthood (ages 19 and 21). Structured interviews were used
to assess bullying involvement and relevant covariates at
all childhood/adolescent observations. Blood spots were
collected at each observation and assayed for CRP levels.
During childhood and adolescence, the number of waves at
which the child was bullied predicted increasing levels of
CRP. Although CRP levels rose for all participants from
childhood into adulthood, being bullied predicted greater
increases in CRP levels, whereas bullying others predicted
lower increases in CRP compared with those uninvolved in
bullying. This pattern was robust, controlling for body mass
index, substance use, physical and mental health status, and
exposures to other childhood psychosocial adversities. A
child's role in bullying may serve as either a risk or a
protective factor for adult low-grade inflammation,
independent of other factors. Inflammation is a
physiological response that mediates the effects of both
social adversity and dominance on decreases in
health.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1323641111},
Key = {fds271520}
}
@article{fds271524,
Author = {Shanahan, L and Copeland, WE and Angold, A and Bondy, CL and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Sleep problems predict and are predicted by generalized
anxiety/depression and oppositional defiant
disorder.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {53},
Number = {5},
Pages = {550-558},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.12.029},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We tested whether sleep problems co-occur with,
precede, and/or follow common psychiatric disorders during
childhood and adolescence. We also clarified the role of
comorbidity and tested for specificity of associations among
sleep problems and psychiatric disorders. METHOD: Data came
from the Great Smoky Mountains Study, a representative
population sample of 1,420 children, assessed 4 to 7 times
per person between ages 9 and 16 years for major Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual-Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) disorders and
sleep problems. Sleep-related symptoms were removed from
diagnostic criteria when applicable. RESULTS: Sleep problems
during childhood and adolescence were common, with restless
sleep and difficulty falling asleep being the most common
symptoms. Cross-sectional analyses showed that sleep
problems co-occurred with many psychiatric disorders.
Longitudinal analyses revealed that sleep problems predicted
increases in the prevalence of later generalized anxiety
disorder (GAD) and high GAD/depression symptoms, and
oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). In turn, GAD and/or
depression and ODD predicted increases in sleep problems
over time. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep problems both predict and are
predicted by a diagnostic cluster that includes ODD, GAD,
and depression. Screening children for sleep problems could
offer promising opportunities for reducing the burden of
mental illness during the early life course.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2013.12.029},
Key = {fds271524}
}
@article{fds271522,
Author = {Costello, EJ and He, J-P and Sampson, NA and Kessler, RC and Merikangas,
KR},
Title = {Services for adolescents with psychiatric disorders:
12-month data from the National Comorbidity
Survey-Adolescent.},
Journal = {Psychiatr Serv},
Volume = {65},
Number = {3},
Pages = {359-366},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1075-2730},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201100518},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examined 12-month rates of service use
for mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders among
adolescents. METHODS: Data were from the National
Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), a survey
of DSM-IV mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders and
service use. RESULTS: In the past 12 months, 45.0% of
adolescents with psychiatric disorders received some form of
service. The most likely were those with ADHD (73.8%),
conduct disorder (73.4%), or oppositional defiant disorder
(71.0%). Least likely were those with specific phobias
(40.7%) and any anxiety disorder (41.4%). Among those with
any disorder, services were more likely to be received in a
school setting (23.6%) or in a specialty mental health
setting (22.8%) than in a general medical setting (10.1%).
Youths with any disorder also received services in juvenile
justice settings (4.5%), complementary and alternative
medicine (5.3%), and human services settings (7.9%).
Although general medical providers treated a larger
proportion of youths with mood disorders than with behavior
disorders, they were more likely to treat youths with
behavior disorders because of the larger number of the
latter (11.5% of 1,465 versus 13.9% of 820). Black youths
were significantly less likely than white youths to receive
specialty mental health or general medical services for
mental disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this analysis
of NCS-A data confirm those of earlier, smaller studies,
that only a minority of youths with psychiatric disorders
receive treatment of any sort. Much of this treatment was
provided in service settings in which few providers were
likely to have specialist mental health training.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ps.201100518},
Key = {fds271522}
}
@article{fds271526,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Angold, A and Shanahan, L and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Longitudinal patterns of anxiety from childhood to
adulthood: the Great Smoky Mountains Study.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {53},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-33},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24342383},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were 2-fold: to provide a
brief introduction to the prospective longitudinal Great
Smoky Mountains Study and review recent findings; and to use
this sample to conduct an epidemiologic analysis of common
childhood anxiety disorders. METHOD: The population-based
Great Smoky Mountains Study assessed 1,420 participants from
11 counties in the southeastern United States up to 11 times
between ages 9 and 26 years with the structured Child and
Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment and its upward extension,
the Young Adult Psychiatric Assessment. RESULTS: The
U-shaped age prevalence curve for any anxiety disorder was
the product of high levels of childhood separation anxiety
and adult panic, agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety. More
than 1 in 5 subjects met criteria for an anxiety disorder by
early adulthood. In terms of cumulative comorbidity, there
was evidence of overlap between anxiety disorders, but the
level of overlap was generally consistent with what is seen
among other common childhood disorders. All childhood
anxiety disorders were associated with adverse functioning
in at least 1 young adult functional domain, with the
poorest outcomes for childhood generalized anxiety and
DSM-III-R overanxious disorder. CONCLUSION: Clinically
significant anxiety is a common mental health problem to
have had by adulthood. There was little evidence to support
the consolidation of anxiety disorders, and some evidence to
justify reintroduction of DSM-III-R overanxious disorder.
The transition to young adulthood appears to be a key period
for understanding the development of common adult anxiety
disorders such as panic and agoraphobia.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2013.09.017},
Key = {fds271526}
}
@article{fds271518,
Author = {Sung, M and Erkanli, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Estimating the causal effect of conduct disorder on the time
from first substance use to substance use disorders using
g-estimation.},
Journal = {Subst Abus},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {141-146},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0889-7077},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2013.816651},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The effect of conduct disorder (CD) as a major
risk factor of substance use disorder (SUD), controlling for
other psychiatric problems, has been well established in the
literature. However, other psychiatric problems are
associated as confounders with an increased risk of SUD.
When confounding exists, the use of the standard survival
analysis approach would lead to a biased estimate of the
effect of a time-varying exposure on the time to event.
METHODS: The authors used a G-estimation approach to
estimate the causal effect of CD while controlling for
time-varying confounders. RESULTS: The present study (N =
1420) found a substantial difference in the estimated hazard
ratio of CD (4.49 vs. 1.93) when the results from
G-estimation and Cox regression were compared. CONCLUSIONS:
G-estimation fixed the problem of underestimating the hazard
ratio of conduct disorder (CD) while controlling for all
measured covariates.},
Doi = {10.1080/08897077.2013.816651},
Key = {fds271518}
}
@article{fds271527,
Author = {Franz, L and Angold, A and Copeland, W and Costello, EJ and Towe-Goodman, N and Egger, H},
Title = {Preschool anxiety disorders in pediatric primary care:
prevalence and comorbidity.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {52},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1294-1303.e1},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24290462},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We sought to establish prevalence rates and
detail patterns of comorbidity for generalized anxiety
disorder, separation anxiety disorder, and social phobia in
preschool-aged children. METHOD: The Duke Preschool Anxiety
Study, a screen-stratified, cross-sectional study, drew from
pediatric primary care and oversampled for children at risk
for anxiety. A total of 917 parents of preschool children
(aged 2-5 years) completed the Preschool Age Psychiatric
Assessment. RESULTS: Generalized anxiety disorder,
separation anxiety disorder, and social phobia are common in
preschool-aged children attending pediatric primary care.
Three-fourths of preschoolers with an anxiety disorder only
had a single anxiety disorder. Generalized anxiety disorder
displayed the greatest degree of comorbidity: with
separation anxiety disorder (odds ratio [OR] = 4.1, 95% CI =
2.0-8.5), social phobia (OR = 6.4, 95% CI = 3.1-13.4),
disruptive behavior disorders (OR = 5.1, 95% CI = 1.6-15.8),
and depression (OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 1.1-12.4). CONCLUSIONS:
The weakness of association between generalized anxiety
disorder and depression stands in contrast to substantial
associations between these 2 disorders reported in older
individuals. Attenuated associations in preschool-aged
children could translate into clinical opportunities for
targeted early interventions, aimed at modifying the
developmental trajectory of anxiety disorders.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2013.09.008},
Key = {fds271527}
}
@article{fds271533,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Copeland, WE and Shanahan, L and Worthman, CM and Angold, A},
Title = {C-reactive protein and substance use disorders in
adolescence and early adulthood: a prospective
analysis.},
Journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
Volume = {133},
Number = {2},
Pages = {712-717},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24099969},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Dysregulated immune function and elevated
inflammation markers are seen in adults with chronic
diseases, including some psychiatric disorders, but evidence
on inflammation in the case of drug abuse is conflicting.
OBJECTIVE: To test the concurrent and predictive relations
between C-reactive protein (CRP) and use and abuse of
alcohol, nicotine and cannabis in a longitudinal, population
sample of adolescents and young adults, at the period of
highest increase in drug use. METHODS: Data from the
prospective population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study
(N=1420) were used, covering children in the community
assessed at ages 9-16, 19, and 21. Structured interviews
were used to assess substance abuse symptoms and DSM-IV
substance use disorders. Bloodspots were collected at each
assessment and assayed for CRP. RESULTS: CRP levels were
higher in the presence of nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis
use and nicotine dependence. In prospective analyses, higher
CRP levels predicted cannabis use and nicotine dependence,
and nicotine use predicted higher CRP levels, once
covariates were included in the models. Significant
covariates were age, race (American Indian), and obesity.
CONCLUSIONS: The inter-relationship of CRP and substance
abuse has implications for the later health risks associated
with early drug and alcohol use and abuse.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.08.027},
Key = {fds271533}
}
@article{fds271535,
Author = {Shanahan, L and Copeland, WE and Worthman, CM and Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Children with both asthma and depression are at risk for
heightened inflammation.},
Journal = {J Pediatr},
Volume = {163},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1443-1447},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-3476},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.06.046},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To test whether children and adolescents with
co-occurring asthma and depression are at risk for elevated
inflammation-concurrently and at the next assessment. STUDY
DESIGN: Up to 6 yearly assessments per person from the
prospective, population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study (N
= 1420) were used, covering children in the community aged
10-16 years old. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP)
was assayed from annual bloodspot collections and provided
indicators of elevated inflammation at CRP > 1, CRP > 2, and
CRP > 3 mg/L. Depression was assessed with the Child and
Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment. Asthma was assessed using
a form adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention National Health Interview Survey. RESULTS:
Controlling common covariates of CRP, the co-occurrence of
asthma and depression predicted heightened CRP-concurrently
and at the next assessment. In turn, elevated CRP was
relatively stable from one assessment to the next.
CONCLUSIONS: The co-occurrence of asthma and depression in
childhood poses a risk for substantially elevated
inflammation concurrently and over time, which could
contribute to pathophysiological processes involved in the
development of additional chronic diseases and also to
asthma--related morbidity and mortality.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.06.046},
Key = {fds271535}
}
@article{fds271531,
Author = {Wolke, D and Copeland, WE and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Impact of bullying in childhood on adult health, wealth,
crime, and social outcomes.},
Journal = {Psychol Sci},
Volume = {24},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1958-1970},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0956-7976},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797613481608},
Abstract = {Bullying is a serious problem for schools, parents, and
public-policymakers alike. Bullying creates risks of health
and social problems in childhood, but it is unclear if such
risks extend into adulthood. A large cohort of children was
assessed for bullying involvement in childhood and then
followed up in young adulthood in an assessment of health,
risky or illegal behavior, wealth, and social relationships.
Victims of childhood bullying, including those that bullied
others (bully-victims), were at increased risk of poor
health, wealth, and social-relationship outcomes in
adulthood even after we controlled for family hardship and
childhood psychiatric disorders. In contrast, pure bullies
were not at increased risk of poor outcomes in adulthood
once other family and childhood risk factors were taken into
account. Being bullied is not a harmless rite of passage but
throws a long shadow over affected people's lives.
Interventions in childhood are likely to reduce long-term
health and social costs.},
Doi = {10.1177/0956797613481608},
Key = {fds271531}
}
@article{fds271541,
Author = {Shanahan, L and Copeland, WE and Worthman, CM and Erkanli, A and Angold,
A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Sex-differentiated changes in C-reactive protein from ages 9
to 21: the contributions of BMI and physical/sexual
maturation.},
Journal = {Psychoneuroendocrinology},
Volume = {38},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2209-2217},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23711900},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Sex differences in levels of C-reactive protein
(CRP) are well established in adulthood, but little is known
about when and why they emerge. Here, we tested longitudinal
models of CRP levels from ages 9 to 21, when marked physical
and behavioral changes could contribute to growing sex
disparities in CRP. METHODS: Data from the community-based
prospective-longitudinal Great Smoky Mountains Study
(N=1420) were used. Participants were 9-13 years old at
intake and were followed through age 21. High-sensitivity
C-reactive protein (CRP) was assayed from up to nine
bloodspot collections per person. BMI, physical/sexual
maturation, substance use, and control variables were
assessed during yearly interviews to age 16, and at ages 19
and 21. RESULTS: Multilevel models revealed that the
development of CRP in females was best described by a
quadratic trend: after slow increases in CRP until age 15,
the rate of increase accelerated thereafter. Changes in CRP
in males were best described by a smaller, linear increase.
After sex-differentiated associations with BMI,
physical/sexual maturation, and substance use variables had
been accounted for, increases in CRP after age 15 no longer
differed by sex. CONCLUSION: Physical/sexual maturation and
behavioral changes during adolescence could initiate
life-long sex disparities in CRP.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.04.010},
Key = {fds271541}
}
@article{fds271537,
Author = {Stringaris, A and Maughan, B and Copeland, WS and Costello, EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {Irritable mood as a symptom of depression in youth:
prevalence, developmental, and clinical correlates in the
Great Smoky Mountains Study.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {52},
Number = {8},
Pages = {831-840},
Year = {2013},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.05.017},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: DSM-IV grants episodic irritability an equal
status to low mood as a cardinal criterion for the diagnosis
of depression in youth, yet not in adults; however, evidence
for irritability as a major criterion of depression in youth
is lacking. This article examines the prevalence,
developmental characteristics, associations with
psychopathology, and longitudinal stability of irritable
mood in childhood and adolescent depression. METHOD: Data
from the prospective population-based Great Smoky Mountains
Study (N = 1,420) were used. We divided observations on 9-
to 16-year-olds who met criteria for a diagnosis of
depression into 3 groups: those with depressed mood and no
irritability, those with irritability and no depressed mood,
and those with both depressed and irritable mood. We
compared these groups using robust regression models on
adolescent characteristics and early adult (ages 19-21
years) depression outcomes. RESULTS: Depressed mood was the
most common cardinal mood in youth meeting criteria for
depression (58.7%), followed by the co-occurrence of
depressed and irritable mood (35.6%); irritable mood alone
was rare (5.7%). Youth with depressed and irritable mood
were similar in age and developmental stage to those with
depression, but had significantly higher rates of disruptive
disorders. The co-occurrence of depressed and irritable mood
was associated with higher risk for comorbid conduct
disorder in girls (gender-by-group interaction, F1,132 =
4.66, p = .03). CONCLUSIONS: Our study findings do not
support the use of irritability as a cardinal mood criterion
for depression. However, the occurrence of irritability in
youth depression is associated with increased risk of
disruptive behaviors, especially in girls.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2013.05.017},
Key = {fds271537}
}
@article{fds271544,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Adair, CE and Smetanin, P and Stiff, D and Briante, C and Colman, I and Fergusson, D and Horwood, J and Poulton, R and Costello,
EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {Diagnostic transitions from childhood to adolescence to
early adulthood.},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {54},
Number = {7},
Pages = {791-799},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23451804},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Quantifying diagnostic transitions across
development is needed to estimate the long-term burden of
mental illness. This study estimated patterns of diagnostic
transitions from childhood to adolescence and from
adolescence to early adulthood. METHODS: Patterns of
diagnostic transitions were estimated using data from three
prospective, longitudinal studies involving close to 20,000
observations of 3,722 participants followed across multiple
developmental periods covering ages 9-30. Common DSM
psychiatric disorders were assessed in childhood (ages 9-12;
two samples), adolescence (ages 13-18; three samples), and
early adulthood (ages 19 to age 32; three samples) with
structured psychiatric interviews and questionnaires.
RESULTS: Having a disorder at an early period was associated
with at least a threefold increase in odds for having a
disorder at a later period. Homotypic and heterotypic
transitions were observed for every disorder category. The
strongest evidence of continuity was seen for behavioral
disorders (particularly ADHD) with less evidence for
emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety. Limited
evidence was found in adjusted models for behavioral
disorders predicting later emotional disorders. Adult
substance disorders were preceded by behavioral disorders,
but not anxiety or depression. CONCLUSIONS: Having a
disorder in childhood or adolescence is a potent risk factor
for a range of psychiatric problems later in development.
These findings provide further support for prevention and
early life intervention efforts and suggest that treatment
at younger ages, while justified in its own right, may also
have potential to reduce the risk for disorders later in
development.},
Doi = {10.1111/jcpp.12062},
Key = {fds271544}
}
@article{fds271539,
Author = {Aberg, KA and Xie, LY and Nerella, S and Copeland, WE and Costello, EJ and van den Oord, EJCG},
Title = {High quality methylome-wide investigations through
next-generation sequencing of DNA from a single archived dry
blood spot.},
Journal = {Epigenetics : Official Journal of the Dna Methylation
Society},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {542-547},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1559-2294},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/epi.24508},
Abstract = {The potential importance of DNA methylation in the etiology
of complex diseases has led to interest in the development
of methylome-wide association studies (MWAS) aimed at
interrogating all methylation sites in the human genome.
When using blood as biomaterial for a MWAS the DNA is
typically extracted directly from fresh or frozen whole
blood that was collected via venous puncture. However, DNA
extracted from dry blood spots may also be an alternative
starting material. In the present study, we apply a
methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) protein enrichment-based
technique in combination with next generation sequencing
(MBD-seq) to assess the methylation status of the ~27
million CpGs in the human autosomal reference genome. We
investigate eight methylomes using DNA from blood spots.
This data are compared with 1,500 methylomes previously
assayed with the same MBD-seq approach using DNA from whole
blood. When investigating the sequence quality and the
enrichment profile across biological features, we find that
DNA extracted from blood spots gives comparable results with
DNA extracted from whole blood. Only if the amount of
starting material is ≤ 0.5µg DNA we observe a slight
decrease in the assay performance. In conclusion, we show
that high quality methylome-wide investigations using
MBD-seq can be conducted in DNA extracted from archived dry
blood spots without sacrificing quality and without bias in
enrichment profile as long as the amount of starting
material is sufficient. In general, the amount of DNA
extracted from a single blood spot is sufficient for
methylome-wide investigations with the MBD-seq
approach.},
Doi = {10.4161/epi.24508},
Key = {fds271539}
}
@article{fds271543,
Author = {Green, JG and McLaughlin, KA and Alegría, M and Costello, EJ and Gruber, MJ and Hoagwood, K and Leaf, PJ and Olin, S and Sampson, NA and Kessler, RC},
Title = {School mental health resources and adolescent mental health
service use.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {52},
Number = {5},
Pages = {501-510},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.03.002},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Although schools are identified as critical for
detecting youth mental disorders, little is known about
whether the number of mental health providers and types of
resources that they offer influence student mental health
service use. Such information could inform the development
and allocation of appropriate school-based resources to
increase service use. This article examines associations of
school resources with past-year mental health service use
among students with 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders.
METHOD: Data come from the U.S. National Comorbidity Survey
Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), a national survey of
adolescent mental health that included 4,445
adolescent-parent pairs in 227 schools in which principals
and mental health coordinators completed surveys about
school resources and policies for addressing student
emotional problems. Adolescents and parents completed the
Composite International Diagnostic Interview and reported
mental health service use across multiple sectors.
Multilevel multivariate regression was used to examine
associations of school mental health resources and
individual-level service use. RESULTS: Nearly half (45.3%)
of adolescents with a 12-month DSM-IV disorder received
past-year mental health services. Substantial variation
existed in school resources. Increased school engagement in
early identification was significantly associated with
mental health service use for adolescents with mild/moderate
mental and behavior disorders. The ratio of students to
mental health providers was not associated with overall
service use, but was associated with sector of service use.
CONCLUSIONS: School mental health resources, particularly
those related to early identification, may facilitate mental
health service use and may influence sector of service use
for youths with DSM disorders.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2013.03.002},
Key = {fds271543}
}
@article{fds271542,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Wolke, D and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Adult psychiatric outcomes of bullying and being bullied by
peers in childhood and adolescence.},
Journal = {Jama Psychiatry},
Volume = {70},
Number = {4},
Pages = {419-426},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {2168-622X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.504},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Both bullies and victims of bullying are at risk
for psychiatric problems in childhood, but it is unclear if
this elevated risk extends into early adulthood. OBJECTIVE:
To test whether bullying and/or being bullied in childhood
predicts psychiatric problems and suicidality in young
adulthood after accounting for childhood psychiatric
problems and family hardships. DESIGN: Prospective,
population-based study. SETTING: Community sample from 11
counties in Western North Carolina. PARTICIPANTS: A total of
1420 participants who had being bullied and bullying
assessed 4 to 6 times between the ages of 9 and 16 years.
Participants were categorized as bullies only, victims only,
bullies and victims (hereafter referred to as
bullies/victims), or neither. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:
Psychiatric outcomes, which included depression, anxiety,
antisocial personality disorder, substance use disorders,
and suicidality (including recurrent thoughts of death,
suicidal ideation, or a suicide attempt), were assessed in
young adulthood (19, 21, and 24-26 years) by use of
structured diagnostic interviews. RESULTS Victims and
bullies/victims had elevated rates of young adult
psychiatric disorders, but also elevated rates of childhood
psychiatric disorders and family hardships. After
controlling for childhood psychiatric problems or family
hardships, we found that victims continued to have a higher
prevalence of agoraphobia (odds ratio [OR], 4.6 [95% CI,
1.7-12.5]; P < .01), generalized anxiety (OR, 2.7 [95% CI,
1.1-6.3]; P < .001), and panic disorder (OR, 3.1 [95% CI,
1.5-6.5]; P < .01) and that bullies/victims were at
increased risk of young adult depression (OR, 4.8 [95% CI,
1.2-19.4]; P < .05), panic disorder (OR, 14.5 [95% CI,
5.7-36.6]; P < .001), agoraphobia (females only; OR, 26.7
[95% CI, 4.3-52.5]; P < .001), and suicidality (males only;
OR, 18.5 [95% CI, 6.2-55.1]; P < .001). Bullies were at risk
for antisocial personality disorder only (OR, 4.1 [95% CI,
1.1-15.8]; P < .04). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The effects
of being bullied are direct, pleiotropic, and long-lasting,
with the worst effects for those who are both victims and
bullies.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.504},
Key = {fds271542}
}
@article{fds271545,
Author = {Akee, R and Simeonova, E and Copeland, W and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Young Adult Obesity and Household Income: Effects of
Unconditional Cash Transfers.},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-28},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1945-7782},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000316732800001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We investigate the effect of household cash transfers during
childhood on young adult body mass indexes (BMI). The
effects of extra income differ depending on the household's
initial socioeconomic status (SES). Children from the
initially poorest households have a larger increase in BMI
relative to children from initially wealthier households.
Several alternative mechanisms are examined. Initial SES
holds up as the most likely channel behind the heterogeneous
effects of extra income on young adult BMI. (JEL D14, H23,
H75, I12, J13, J15).},
Doi = {10.1257/app.5.2.1},
Key = {fds271545}
}
@article{fds271546,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Eaves, L and Sullivan, P and Kennedy, M and Conway, K and Adkins, DE and Angold, A and Clark, SL and Erkanli, A and McClay, JL and Copeland, W and Maes, HH and Liu, Y and Patkar, AA and Silberg, J and van
den Oord, E},
Title = {Genes, environments, and developmental research: methods for
a multi-site study of early substance abuse.},
Journal = {Twin Research and Human Genetics : the Official Journal of
the International Society for Twin Studies},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {505-515},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1832-4274},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23461817},
Abstract = {The importance of including developmental and environmental
measures in genetic studies of human pathology is widely
acknowledged, but few empirical studies have been published.
Barriers include the need for longitudinal studies that
cover relevant developmental stages and for samples large
enough to deal with the challenge of testing
gene-environment-development interaction. A solution to some
of these problems is to bring together existing data sets
that have the necessary characteristics. As part of the
National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded Gene-Environment-Development
Initiative, our goal is to identify exactly which genes,
which environments, and which developmental transitions
together predict the development of drug use and misuse.
Four data sets were used of which common characteristics
include (1) general population samples, including males and
females; (2) repeated measures across adolescence and young
adulthood; (3) assessment of nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis
use and addiction; (4) measures of family and environmental
risk; and (5) consent for genotyping DNA from blood or
saliva. After quality controls, 2,962 individuals provided
over 15,000 total observations. In the first
gene-environment analyses, of alcohol misuse and stressful
life events, some significant gene-environment and
gene-development effects were identified. We conclude that
in some circumstances, already collected data sets can be
combined for gene-environment and gene-development analyses.
This greatly reduces the cost and time needed for this type
of research. However, care must be taken to ensure careful
matching across studies and variables.},
Doi = {10.1017/thg.2013.6},
Key = {fds271546}
}
@article{fds271547,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Angold, A and Costello, EJ and Egger,
H},
Title = {Prevalence, comorbidity, and correlates of DSM-5 proposed
disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.},
Journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry},
Volume = {170},
Number = {2},
Pages = {173-179},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23377638},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: No empirical studies on the DSM-5 proposed
disruptive mood dysregulation disorder have yet been
published. This study estimated prevalence, comorbidity, and
correlates of this proposed disorder in the community.
METHOD: Prevalence rates were estimated using data from
three community studies involving 7,881 observations of
3,258 participants from 2 to 17 years old. Disruptive mood
dysregulation disorder was diagnosed using structured
psychiatric interviews. RESULTS: Three-month prevalence
rates for meeting criteria for disruptive mood dysregulation
disorder ranged from 0.8% to 3.3%, with the highest rate in
preschoolers. Rates dropped slightly with the strict
application of the exclusion criterion, but they were
largely unaffected by the application of onset and duration
criteria. Disruptive mood dysregulation co-occurred with all
common psychiatric disorders. The highest levels of
co-occurrence were with depressive disorders (odds ratios
between 9.9 and 23.5) and oppositional defiant disorder
(odds ratios between 52.9 and 103.0). Disruptive mood
dysregulation occurred with another disorder 62%-92% of the
time, and it occurred with both an emotional and a
behavioral disorder 32%-68% of the time. Affected children
displayed elevated rates of social impairments, school
suspension, service use, and poverty. CONCLUSIONS:
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is relatively
uncommon after early childhood, frequently co-occurs with
other psychiatric disorders, and meets common standards for
psychiatric "caseness." This disorder identifies children
with severe levels of both emotional and behavioral
dysregulation.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12010132},
Key = {fds271547}
}
@article{fds271530,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Shanahan, L and Erkanli, A and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Indirect comorbidity in childhood and adolescence.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {144},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24204349},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Comorbidity between psychiatric disorders is
common, but pairwise associations between two disorders may
be explained by the presence of other diagnoses that are
associated with both disorders or "indirect" comorbidity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Comorbidities of common childhood
psychiatric disorders were tested in three community samples
of children ages 6-17 (8931 observations of 2965 subjects).
Psychiatric disorder status in all three samples was
assessed with the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric
Assessment. Indirect comorbidity was defined as A-B
associations that decreased from significance to
non-significance after adjusting for other disorders.
RESULTS: All tested childhood psychiatric disorders were
positively associated in bivariate analyses. After adjusting
for comorbidities, many associations involving a behavioral
disorder and an emotional disorder were attenuated
suggesting indirect comorbidity. Generalized anxiety and
depressive disorders displayed a very high level of overlap
(adjusted OR = 37.9). All analyses were rerun with
depressive disorders grouped with generalized anxiety
disorder in a single "distress disorders" category. In these
revised models, all associations between and emotional
disorder and a behavior disorder met our criteria for
indirect comorbidity except for the association of
oppositional defiant disorder with distress disorders
(OR = 11.3). Follow-up analyses suggested that the
indirect associations were primarily accounted for by
oppositional defiant disorder and the distress disorder
category. There was little evidence of either sex
differences or differences by developmental period.
CONCLUSION: After accounting for the overlap between
depressive disorders with generalized anxiety disorder,
direct comorbidity between emotional and behavioral
disorders was uncommon. When there was evidence of indirect
comorbidity, ODD, and distress disorders were the key
intermediary diagnoses accounting for the apparent
associations.},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00144},
Key = {fds271530}
}
@article{fds271587,
Author = {McLaughlin, KA and Green, JG and Alegría, M and Jane Costello and E and Gruber, MJ and Sampson, NA and Kessler, RC},
Title = {Food insecurity and mental disorders in a national sample of
U.S. adolescents.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {51},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1293-1303},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2012.09.009},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine whether food insecurity is associated
with past-year DSM-IV mental disorders after controlling for
standard indicators of family socioeconomic status (SES) in
a U.S. national sample of adolescents. METHOD: Data were
drawn from 6,483 adolescent-parent pairs who participated in
the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent
Supplement, a national survey of adolescents 13 to 17 years
old. Frequency and severity of food insecurity were assessed
with questions based on the U.S. Department of Agriculture's
Food Security Scale (standardized to a mean of 0, variance
of 1). DSM-IV mental disorders were assessed with the World
Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic
Interview. Associations of food insecurity with
DSM-IV/Composite International Diagnostic Interview
diagnoses were estimated with logistic regression models
controlling for family SES (parental education, household
income, relative deprivation, community-level inequality,
and subjective social status). RESULTS: Food insecurity was
highest in adolescents with the lowest SES. Controlling
simultaneously for other aspects of SES, standardized food
insecurity was associated with an increased odds of
past-year mood, anxiety, behavior, and substance disorders.
A 1 standard deviation increase in food insecurity was
associated with a 14% increase in the odds of past-year
mental disorder, even after controlling for extreme poverty.
The association between food insecurity and mood disorders
was strongest in adolescents living in families with a low
household income and high relative deprivation. CONCLUSIONS:
Food insecurity is associated with a wide range of
adolescent mental disorders independently of other aspects
of SES. Expansion of social programs aimed at decreasing
family economic strain might be one useful policy approach
for improving youth mental health.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2012.09.009},
Key = {fds271587}
}
@article{fds271680,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Shanahan, L and Worthman, C and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Generalized anxiety and C-reactive protein levels: a
prospective, longitudinal analysis.},
Journal = {Psychol Med},
Volume = {42},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2641-2650},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22716910},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is highly
co-morbid with depression. Depression is associated with
elevated levels of the inflammation marker C-reactive
protein (CRP), cross-sectionally and over time. To date, no
studies have looked at the association between CRP and GAD.
METHOD: A total of nine waves of data from the prospective
population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study (n=1420) were
used, covering children in the community aged 9-16, 19 and
21 years old. Structured interviews were used at each
assessment to assess GAD symptoms, diagnosis and cumulative
episodes. Blood spots were collected and assayed for
high-sensitivity CRP levels. RESULTS: GAD was associated
with increased levels of CRP in bivariate cross-sectional
analyses. These bivariate associations, however, were
attenuated after accounting for demographic, substance-use
and health-related covariates. In longitudinal models, there
was little evidence that CRP predicted later GAD.
Associations from GAD to later CRP were attenuated in models
adjusted for health-related coavariates and there was
evidence that the GAD-CRP association was mediated by body
mass index (BMI) and medication use. CONCLUSIONS: Similar to
depression, GAD was associated with elevated levels of CRP,
but the effect of GAD on CRP levels was explained by the
effect of GAD on health-related behaviors such as BMI and
medication use. This study suggests differences in the
association between inflammation and depression and
GAD.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0033291712000554},
Key = {fds271680}
}
@article{fds271586,
Author = {McLaughlin, KA and Costello, EJ and Leblanc, W and Sampson, NA and Kessler, RC},
Title = {Socioeconomic status and adolescent mental
disorders.},
Journal = {Am J Public Health},
Volume = {102},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1742-1750},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2011.300477},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Although previous research has shown that low
socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with mental
illness, it is unclear which aspects of SES are most
important. We investigated this issue by examining
associations between 5 aspects of SES and adolescent mental
disorders. METHODS: Data came from a national survey of US
adolescents (n = 6483). Associations among absolute SES
(parental income and education), relative SES (relative
deprivation, subjective social status), and community level
income variation (Gini coefficient) with past-year mental
disorders were examined. RESULTS: Subjective social status
(mean 0, variance 1) was most consistently associated with
mental disorder. Odds ratios with mood, anxiety, substance,
and behavior disorders after controlling for other SES
indicators were all statistically significant and in the
range of 0.7 to 0.8. Associations were strongest for White
adolescents. Parent education was associated with low risk
for anxiety disorder, relative deprivation with high risk
for mood disorder, and the other 2 indicators were
associated with none of the disorders considered.
CONCLUSIONS: Associations between SES and adolescent mental
disorders are most directly the result of perceived social
status, an aspect of SES that might be more amenable to
interventions than objective aspects of SES.},
Doi = {10.2105/AJPH.2011.300477},
Key = {fds271586}
}
@article{fds271679,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Angold, A and Shanahan, L and Dreyfuss, J and Dlamini,
I and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Predicting persistent alcohol problems: a prospective
analysis from the Great Smoky Mountain Study.},
Journal = {Psychol Med},
Volume = {42},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1925-1935},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22153225},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Rates of alcohol disorders peak in late
adolescence and decrease substantially into the mid-20s. Our
aim was to identify risk factors that predict alcohol
problems that persist into the mid-20s. METHOD: Data are
from the prospective, population-based Great Smoky Mountains
Study (GSMS; n=1420), which followed children through late
adolescence and into young adulthood. Alcohol persisters
were defined as subjects with an alcohol disorder (abuse or
dependence) in late adolescence (ages 19 and 21 years) that
continued to meet criteria for an alcohol disorder at the
mid-20s assessment. RESULTS: The 3-month prevalence of
having an alcohol disorder (abuse or dependence) decreased
markedly from late adolescence into the mid-20s. A third of
late adolescents with an alcohol disorder continued to meet
criteria for an alcohol disorder in young adulthood (37 of
144 who met criteria in late adolescence). Risk factors for
persister status included multiple alcohol abuse criteria
during late adolescence but no alcohol dependence criteria.
Risk factors for persister status also included associated
features of alcohol dependence such as craving alcohol and
drinking to unconsciousness. Persister status was also
associated with depression, cannabis dependence and illicit
substance use, but not with other psychiatric disorders.
More than 90% of late adolescents with three or more of the
risk factors identified met criteria for a young adult
alcohol disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Symptoms of alcohol abuse,
not dependence, best predict long-term persistence of
alcohol problems. The set of risk factors identified may be
a useful screen for selective and indicated prevention
efforts.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0033291711002790},
Key = {fds271679}
}
@article{fds271677,
Author = {Angold, A and Erkanli, A and Copeland, W and Goodman, R and Fisher, PW and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Psychiatric diagnostic interviews for children and
adolescents: a comparative study.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {51},
Number = {5},
Pages = {506-517},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22525957},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare examples of three styles of
psychiatric interviews for youth: the Diagnostic Interview
Schedule for Children (DISC) ("respondent-based"), the Child
and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (CAPA)
("interviewer-based"), and the Development and Well-Being
Assessment (DAWBA) ("expert judgment"). METHOD: Roughly
equal numbers of males and females of white and African
American ethnicity, aged 9 to 12 and 13 to 16 years, were
recruited from primary care pediatric clinics. Participants
(N = 646) were randomly assigned to receive two of the three
interviews, in counterbalanced order. Five modules were
used: any depressive disorder, anxiety disorders,
oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. At two sessions
about 1 week apart, parent and child completed one of two
interviews plus five screening questionnaires. RESULTS: When
interviewed with the DAWBA, 17.7% of youth had one or more
diagnoses, compared with 47.1% (DISC) and 32.4% (CAPA). The
excess of DISC diagnoses was accounted for by specific
phobias. Agreement between interview pairs was 0.13 to 0.48
for DAWBA-DISC comparisons, 0.21 to 0.61 for DISC-CAPA
comparisons, and 0.23 to 0.48 for CAPA-DAWBA comparisons.
DAWBA-only cases were associated with higher parent-report
questionnaire scores than DISC/DAWBA cases, but equivalent
child-report scores. CONCLUSIONS: The DAWBA is shorter and
cases were probably more severe, making it a good choice for
clinical trials, but the user cannot examine the data in
detail. The DISC and CAPA are similar in length and training
needs. Either would be a better choice where false-negative
results must be avoided, as in case-control genetic studies,
or when researchers need to study individual symptoms in
detail.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2012.02.020},
Key = {fds271677}
}
@article{fds271584,
Author = {Kessler, RC and Avenevoli, S and Costello, EJ and Georgiades, K and Green, JG and Gruber, MJ and He, J-P and Koretz, D and McLaughlin, KA and Petukhova, M and Sampson, NA and Zaslavsky, AM and Merikangas,
KR},
Title = {Prevalence, persistence, and sociodemographic correlates of
DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey
Replication Adolescent Supplement.},
Journal = {Arch Gen Psychiatry},
Volume = {69},
Number = {4},
Pages = {372-380},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.160},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Community epidemiological data on the prevalence
and correlates of adolescent mental disorders are needed for
policy planning purposes. Only limited data of this sort are
available. OBJECTIVE: To present estimates of 12-month and
30-day prevalence, persistence (12-month prevalence among
lifetime cases and 30-day prevalence among 12-month cases),
and sociodemographic correlates of commonly occurring DSM-IV
disorders among adolescents in the National Comorbidity
Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement. DESIGN: The
National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent
Supplement is a US national survey of DSM-IV anxiety, mood,
behavior, and substance disorders among US adolescents based
on face-to-face interviews in the homes of respondents with
supplemental parent questionnaires. SETTING: Dual-frame
household and school samples of US adolescents.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 10,148 adolescents aged 13 to 17
years (interviews) and 1 parent of each adolescent
(questionnaires). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The DSM-IV
disorders assessed with the World Health Organization
Composite International Diagnostic Interview and validated
with blinded clinical interviews based on the Schedule for
Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age
Children. Good concordance (area under the receiver
operating characteristic curve ≥0.80) was found between
Composite International Diagnostic Interview and Schedule
for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age
Children diagnoses. RESULTS: The prevalence estimates of any
DSM-IV disorder are 40.3% at 12 months (79.5% of lifetime
cases) and 23.4% at 30 days (57.9% of 12-month cases).
Anxiety disorders are the most common class of disorders,
followed by behavior, mood, and substance disorders.
Although relative disorder prevalence is quite stable over
time, 30-day to 12-month prevalence ratios are higher for
anxiety and behavior disorders than mood or substance
disorders, suggesting that the former are more chronic than
the latter. The 30-day to 12-month prevalence ratios are
generally lower than the 12-month to lifetime ratios,
suggesting that disorder persistence is due more to episode
recurrence than to chronicity. Sociodemographic correlates
are largely consistent with previous studies. CONCLUSIONS:
Among US adolescents, DSM-IV disorders are highly prevalent
and persistent. Persistence is higher for adolescents than
among adults and appears to be due more to recurrence than
chronicity of child-adolescent onset disorders.},
Doi = {10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.160},
Key = {fds271584}
}
@article{fds271585,
Author = {Kessler, RC and Avenevoli, S and Costello, J and Green, JG and Gruber,
MJ and McLaughlin, KA and Petukhova, M and Sampson, NA and Zaslavsky,
AM and Merikangas, KR},
Title = {Severity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National
Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent
Supplement.},
Journal = {Arch Gen Psychiatry},
Volume = {69},
Number = {4},
Pages = {381-389},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1603},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Estimates of DSM-IV disorder prevalence are high;
stringent criteria to define need for services are desired.
OBJECTIVE: To present US national data on the prevalence and
sociodemographic correlates of 12-month serious emotional
disturbance (SED), defined by the US Substance Abuse and
Mental Health Services Administration, from the National
Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement.
DESIGN: The National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Adolescent Supplement is a national survey of DSM-IV
anxiety, mood, behavior, and substance disorders among US
adolescents. SETTING: Dual-frame household and school
samples of US adolescents. PARTICIPANTS: Total of 6483 pairs
of adolescents aged 13 to 17 (interviews) and parents
(questionnaires). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The DSM-IV
disorders were assessed with the World Health Organization
Composite International Diagnostic Interview and validated
with blinded clinical interviews based on the Schedule for
Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age
Children. Serious emotional disturbance was operationalized
as a DSM-IV/Composite International Diagnostic Interview
disorder with a score of 50 or less on the Children's Global
Assessment Scale (ie, moderate impairment in most areas of
functioning or severe impairment in at least 1 area).
Concordance of Composite International Diagnostic Interview
SED diagnoses with blinded Schedule for Affective Disorders
and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children diagnoses was
good. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of SED was 8.0%.
Most SEDs were due to behavior (54.5%) or mood (31.4%)
disorders. Although respondents with 3 or more disorders
made up only 29.0% of those with 12-month DSM-IV/Composite
International Diagnostic Interview disorders, they
constituted 63.5% of SEDs. Predictive effects of high
comorbidity were significantly greater than the product of
their disorder-specific odds ratios and consistent across
disorder types. Associations of sociodemographic variables
with SED were generally nonsignificant after controlling for
disorder type and number. CONCLUSIONS: The high estimated
12-month prevalence of DSM-IV disorders among US adolescents
is largely due to mild cases. The significant
between-disorder differences in risk of SED and the
significant effect of high comorbidity have important public
health implications for targeting interventions.},
Doi = {10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1603},
Key = {fds271585}
}
@article{fds271678,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Shanahan, L and Worthman, C and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Cumulative depression episodes predict later C-reactive
protein levels: a prospective analysis.},
Journal = {Biol Psychiatry},
Volume = {71},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-21},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22047718},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is associated with elevated levels of
the inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP); yet, the
direction of this association remains unclear. This study
tested bi-directional longitudinal associations between CRP
and depression in a sample of adolescents and young adults.
The study compared the effect of current depression with the
effect of cumulative episodes of depression over time.
METHODS: Nine waves of data from the prospective
population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study (n = 1420) were
used, covering children in the community aged 9 to 16, 19,
and 21 years old. Structured interviews were used to assess
depressive symptoms, depression diagnosis, and cumulative
depressive episodes. Bloodspots were collected at each
observation and assayed for CRP levels. RESULTS: CRP levels
were not associated with later depression status. In
contrast, all depression-related variables displayed
evidence of association with later CRP levels. The
associations with depressive symptoms and diagnostic status
were attenuated after controlling for covariates,
particularly body mass index, smoking, and medication use.
The effect of cumulative depressive episodes, however,
continued to be significant after accounting for a range of
covariates. Body mass index, smoking behavior, and recent
infections may mediate a portion of the effect of cumulative
episodes on later CRP, but cumulative depressive episodes
continued to predict CRP levels independently. CONCLUSIONS:
The occurrence of multiple depressive episodes exerted the
greatest effect on later CRP levels. This suggests that risk
for the diseases of middle and old age--cardiovascular and
metabolic disease--may begin in childhood and depend, in
part, on long-term emotional functioning.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.09.023},
Key = {fds271678}
}
@article{fds271583,
Author = {Jensen, PS and Goldman, E and Offord, D and Costello, EJ and Friedman,
R and Huff, B and Crowe, M and Amsel, L and Bennett, K and Bird, H and Conger,
R and Fisher, P and Hoagwood, K and Kessler, RC and Roberts,
R},
Title = {Overlooked and underserved: "action signs" for identifying
children with unmet mental health needs.},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {128},
Number = {5},
Pages = {970-979},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0031-4005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2009-0367},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The US Surgeon General has called for new
approaches to close the mental health services gap for the
large proportion of US children with significant mental
health needs who have not received evaluation or services
within the previous 6 to 12 months. In response,
investigators sought to develop brief, easily understood,
scientifically derived "warning signs" to help parents,
teachers, and the lay public to more easily recognize
children with unmet mental health needs and bring these
children to health care providers' attention for evaluation
and possible services. METHOD: Analyses of epidemiologic
data sets from >6000 children and parents were conducted to
(1) determine the frequency of common but severely impairing
symptom profiles, (2) examine symptom profile frequencies
according to age and gender, (3) evaluate positive
predictive values of symptom profiles relative to Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnoses, and
(4) examine whether children with 1 or more symptom profiles
receive mental health services. RESULTS: Symptom-profile
frequencies ranged from 0.5% to 2.0%, and 8% of the children
had 1 or more symptom profile. Profiles generated
moderate-to-high positive predictive values (52.7%-75.4%)
for impairing psychiatric diagnoses, but fewer than 25% of
children with 1 or more profiles had received services in
the previous 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Scientifically robust
symptom profiles that reflect severe but largely untreated
mental health problems were identified. Used as "action
signs," these profiles might help increase public awareness
about children's mental health needs, facilitate
communication and referral for specific children in need of
evaluation, and narrow the child mental health services
gap.},
Doi = {10.1542/peds.2009-0367},
Key = {fds271583}
}
@article{fds271676,
Author = {Shanahan, L and Copeland, WE and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Child-, adolescent- and young adult-onset depressions:
differential risk factors in development?},
Journal = {Psychol Med},
Volume = {41},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2265-2274},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0033-2917},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291711000675},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous research reported that childhood
adversity predicts juvenile- onset but not adult-onset
depression, but studies confounded potentially genuine
differences in adversity with differences in the recency
with which adversity was experienced. The current study
paper took into account the recency of risk when testing for
differences among child-, adolescent- and young adult-onset
depressions. METHOD: Up to nine waves of data were used per
subject from two cohorts of the Great Smoky Mountains Study
(GSMS; n=1004), covering children in the community aged
9-16, 19 and 21 years. Youth and one of their parents were
interviewed using the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric
Assessment (CAPA) between ages 9 and 16; these same youth
were interviewed using the Young Adult Psychiatric
Assessment (YAPA) at ages 19 and 21. The most common
psychosocial risk factors for depression were assessed:
poverty, life events, parental psychopathology,
maltreatment, and family dysfunction. RESULTS: Consistent
with previous research, most childhood psychosocial risk
factors were more strongly associated with child-onset than
with adolescent-/adult-onset depression. When potentially
genuine risk differences among the depression-onset groups
were disentangled from differences due to the recency of
risk, child- and young adult-onset depression were no longer
different from one another. Adolescent-onset depression was
associated with few psychosocial risk factors. CONCLUSIONS:
There were no differences in putative risk factors between
child- and young adult-onset depression when the recency of
risk was taken into account. Adolescent-onset depression was
associated with few psychosocial risk factors. It is
possible that some adolescent-onset depression cases differ
in terms of risk from child- and young adult-onset
depression.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0033291711000675},
Key = {fds271676}
}
@article{fds271699,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Copeland, W and Angold, A},
Title = {Trends in psychopathology across the adolescent years: what
changes when children become adolescents, and when
adolescents become adults?},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {52},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1015-1025},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21815892},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Little is known about changes in the prevalence
of psychiatric disorders between childhood and adolescence,
and adolescence and adulthood. METHODS: We reviewed papers
reporting prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders
separately for childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood.
Both longitudinal and cross-sectional papers published in
the past 15 years were included. RESULTS: About one
adolescent in five has a psychiatric disorder. From
childhood to adolescence there is an increase in rates of
depression, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and substance use
disorders (SUD), and a decrease in separation anxiety
disorder (SAD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD). From adolescence to early adulthood there is a
further increase in panic disorder, agoraphobia, and SUD,
and a further decrease in SAD and ADHD. Other phobias and
disruptive behavior disorders also fall. CONCLUSIONS:
Further study of changes in rates of disorder across
developmental stages could inform etiological research and
guide interventions.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02446.x},
Key = {fds271699}
}
@article{fds271700,
Author = {Collins, PY and Patel, V and Joestl, SS and March, D and Insel, TR and Daar, AS and Scientific Advisory Board and the Executive
Committee of the Grand Challenges on Global Mental Health, and Anderson, W and Dhansay, MA and Phillips, A and Shurin, S and Walport,
M and Ewart, W and Savill, SJ and Bordin, IA and Costello, EJ and Durkin,
M and Fairburn, C and Glass, RI and Hall, W and Huang, Y and Hyman, SE and Jamison, K and Kaaya, S and Kapur, S and Kleinman, A and Ogunniyi, A and Otero-Ojeda, A and Poo, M-M and Ravindranath, V and Sahakian, BJ and Saxena, S and Singer, PA and Stein, DJ},
Title = {Grand challenges in global mental health.},
Journal = {Nature},
Volume = {475},
Number = {7354},
Pages = {27-30},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/475027a},
Doi = {10.1038/475027a},
Key = {fds271700}
}
@article{fds271702,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Sun, H and Costello, EJ and Angold, A and Heilig, MA and Barr, CS},
Title = {Child μ-opioid receptor gene variant influences
parent-child relations.},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {36},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1165-1170},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21326192},
Abstract = {Variation in the μ-opioid receptor gene has been associated
with early social behavior in mice and rhesus macaques. The
current study tested whether the functional OPRM1 A118G
predicted various indices of social relations in children.
The sample included 226 subjects of self-reported European
ancestry (44% female; mean age 13.6, SD=2.2) who were part
of a larger representative study of children aged 9-17 years
in rural North Carolina. Multiple aspects of recent (past 3
months) parent-child relationship were assessed using the
Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment. Parent problems
were coded based upon a lifetime history of mental health
problems, substance abuse, or criminality. Child genotype
interacted with parent behavior such that there were no
genotype differences for those with low levels of parent
problems; however, when a history of parent problems was
reported, the G allele carriers had more enjoyment of
parent-child interactions (mean ratio (MR)=3.5, 95% CI=1.6,
8.0) and fewer arguments (MR=3.1, 95% CI=1.1, 8.9). These
findings suggest a role for the OPRM1 gene in the genetic
architecture of social relations in humans. In summary, a
variant in the μ-opioid receptor gene (118G) was associated
with improved parent-child relations, but only in the
context of a significant disruption in parental
functioning.},
Doi = {10.1038/npp.2010.251},
Key = {fds271702}
}
@article{fds271701,
Author = {Copeland, W and Shanahan, L and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Cumulative prevalence of psychiatric disorders by young
adulthood: a prospective cohort analysis from the Great
Smoky Mountains Study.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {50},
Number = {3},
Pages = {252-261},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21334565},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: No longitudinal studies beginning in childhood
have estimated the cumulative prevalence of psychiatric
illness from childhood into young adulthood. The objective
of this study was to estimate the cumulative prevalence of
psychiatric disorders by young adulthood and to assess how
inclusion of not otherwise specified diagnoses affects
cumulative prevalence estimates. METHOD: The prospective,
population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study assessed 1,420
participants up to nine times from 9 through 21 years of age
from 11 counties in the southeastern United States. Common
psychiatric disorders were assessed in childhood and
adolescence (ages 9 to 16 years) with the Child and
Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment and in young adulthood
(ages 19 and 21 years) with the Young Adult Psychiatric
Assessment. Cumulative prevalence estimates were derived
from multiple imputed datasets. RESULTS: By 21 years of age,
61.1% of participants had met criteria for a well-specified
psychiatric disorder. An additional 21.4% had met criteria
for a not otherwise specified disorder only, increasing the
total cumulative prevalence for any disorder to 82.5%. Male
subjects had higher rates of substance and disruptive
behavior disorders compared with female subjects; therefore,
they were more likely to meet criteria for a well-specified
disorder (67.8% vs 56.7%) or any disorder (89.1% vs 77.8%).
Children with a not otherwise specified disorder only were
at increased risk for a well-specified young adult disorder
compared with children with no disorder in childhood.
CONCLUSIONS: Only a small percentage of young people meet
criteria for a DSM disorder at any given time, but most do
by young adulthood. As with other medical illness,
psychiatric illness is a nearly universal
experience.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2010.12.014},
Key = {fds271701}
}
@article{fds271674,
Author = {Rowe, R and Costello, EJ and Angold, A and Copeland, WE and Maughan,
B},
Title = {Developmental pathways in oppositional defiant disorder and
conduct disorder.},
Journal = {J Abnorm Psychol},
Volume = {119},
Number = {4},
Pages = {726-738},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0021-843X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0020798},
Abstract = {The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
4th edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994)
specifies a developmental relationship between oppositional
defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD). Evidence
for this link is mixed, however, and recent studies suggest
that different symptom dimensions in ODD may have different
outcomes. The authors examined links between ODD, CD, and
their young adult outcomes in the Great Smoky Mountains
Study (E. J. Costello et al., 1996), a longitudinal data set
with over 8,000 observations of 1,420 individuals (56% male)
covering ages 9-21 years. ODD was a significant predictor of
later CD in boys but not in girls after control for comorbid
CD and subthreshold CD symptomatology. Transitions between
ODD and CD were less common than anticipated, however,
particularly during adolescence. The authors examined
characteristics and outcomes of children with pure ODD, pure
CD, and combined CD/ODD. Alongside many similarities in
childhood and adolescent correlates, key differences were
also identified: CD largely predicted behavioral outcomes,
whereas ODD showed stronger prediction to emotional
disorders in early adult life. Factor analysis identified
irritable and headstrong dimensions in ODD symptoms that
showed differential prediction to later behavioral and
emotional disorders. Overall, the results underscore the
utility of retaining separate ODD and CD diagnoses in
DSM-V.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0020798},
Key = {fds271674}
}
@article{fds344700,
Author = {Kaplow, JB and Saunders, J and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Psychiatric symptoms in bereaved versus nonbereaved youth
and young adults: a longitudinal epidemiological
study.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {49},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1145-1154},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2010.08.004},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine potential differences in psychiatric
symptoms between parent-bereaved youth (N = 172), youth who
experienced the death of another relative (N = 815), and
nonbereaved youth (N = 235), aged 11 to 21 years, above and
beyond antecedent environmental and individual risk factors.
METHOD: Sociodemographics, family composition, and family
functioning were assessed one interview wave before the
death. Child psychiatric symptoms were assessed during the
wave in which the death was reported and one wave before and
after the death. A year was selected randomly for the
nonbereaved group. RESULTS: The early loss of a parent was
associated with poverty, previous substance abuse problems,
and greater functional impairment before the loss. Both
bereaved groups of children were more likely than
nonbereaved children to show symptoms of separation anxiety
and depression during the wave of the death, controlling for
sociodemographic factors and prior psychiatric symptoms. One
wave following the loss, bereaved children were more likely
than nonbereaved children to exhibit symptoms of conduct
disorder and substance abuse and to show greater functional
impairment. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of parental death on
children must be considered in the context of pre-existing
risk factors. Even after controlling for antecedent risk
factors, both parent-bereaved children as well as those who
lost other relatives were at increased risk for
psychological and behavioral health problems.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2010.08.004},
Key = {fds344700}
}
@article{fds271673,
Author = {Copeland, W and Shanahan, L and Miller, S and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A and Maughan, B},
Title = {Outcomes of early pubertal timing in young women: a
prospective population-based study.},
Journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry},
Volume = {167},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1218-1225},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20478880},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Early pubertal timing in girls is associated with
psychosocial problems throughout adolescence, but it is
unclear whether these problems persist into young adulthood.
The authors analyzed outcomes in adolescence and young
adulthood in girls in a longitudinal study. METHOD: The data
for this study were from the prospective population-based
Great Smoky Mountains Study (N=1,420), which initially
recruited children at ages 9, 11, and 13 and followed them
into young adulthood. Pubertal timing was defined on the
basis of self-reported Tanner stage and age at menarche.
Outcome measures included functioning related to crime,
substance use, school/peer problems, family relationships,
sexual behavior, and mental health in adolescence (ages 13
to 16) as well as crime, substance use, education/socioeconomic
status, sexual behavior, and mental health in young
adulthood (ages 19 and 21). RESULTS: In adolescence,
early-maturing girls displayed higher levels of
self-reported criminality, substance use problems, social
isolation, early sexual behavior, and psychiatric problems.
By young adulthood, most of these differences had
attenuated. Functioning for early maturers improved in some
areas; in others, on-time and late maturers had caught up
with their early-maturing peers. Nevertheless,
early-maturing girls, particularly those with a history of
adolescent conduct disorder, were more likely to be
depressed in young adulthood compared to their counterparts.
Early maturers were also more likely to have had many sexual
partners. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of early pubertal timing
on adolescent psychosocial problems were wide ranging but
diminished by young adulthood for all but a small
group.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09081190},
Key = {fds271673}
}
@article{fds271582,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {In reply},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {304},
Number = {9},
Pages = {963},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.1241},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2010.1241},
Key = {fds271582}
}
@article{fds271672,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Keeler, G and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Posttraumatic stress without trauma in children.},
Journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry},
Volume = {167},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1059-1065},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551161},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: It remains unclear to what degree children show
signs of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after
experiencing low-magnitude stressors, or stressors milder
than those required for the DSM-IV extreme stressor
criterion. METHOD: A representative community sample of
1,420 children, ages 9, 11, and 13 at intake, was followed
annually through age 16. Low-magnitude and extreme stressors
as well as subsequent posttraumatic stress symptoms were
assessed with the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric
Assessment. Two measures of posttraumatic stress symptoms
were used: having painful recall, hyperarousal, and
avoidance symptoms (subclinical PTSD) and having painful
recall only. RESULTS: During any 3-month period,
low-magnitude stressors occurred four times as often as
extreme stressors (24.0% compared with 5.9%). Extreme
stressors elicited painful recall in 8.7% of participants
and subclinical PTSD in 3.1%, compared with 4.2% and 0.7%,
respectively, for low-magnitude stressors. Because of their
higher prevalence, however, low-magnitude stressors
accounted for two-thirds of cases of painful recall and half
of cases of subclinical PTSD. Moreover, exposure to
low-magnitude stressors predicted symptoms even among youths
with no prior lifetime exposure to an extreme stressor.
CONCLUSIONS: Relative to low-magnitude stressors, extreme
stressors place children at greater risk for posttraumatic
stress symptoms. Nevertheless, a sizable proportion of
children manifesting posttraumatic stress symptoms
experienced only a low-magnitude stressor.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09020178},
Key = {fds271672}
}
@article{fds271671,
Author = {Sterba, SK and Copeland, W and Egger, HL and Jane Costello and E and Erkanli, A and Angold, A},
Title = {Longitudinal dimensionality of adolescent psychopathology:
testing the differentiation hypothesis.},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {51},
Number = {8},
Pages = {871-884},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20345843},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The differentiation hypothesis posits that the
underlying liability distribution for psychopathology is of
low dimensionality in young children, inflating diagnostic
comorbidity rates, but increases in dimensionality with age
as latent syndromes become less correlated. This hypothesis
has not been adequately tested with longitudinal psychiatric
symptom data. METHODS: Confirmatory factor analyses of
DSM-IV symptoms from seven common Axis I syndromes--major
depression, generalized anxiety, separation anxiety, social
anxiety, attention deficient hyperactivity, conduct, and
oppositional defiant disorders--were conducted
longitudinally, from ages 9 to 16, using the
general-population Great Smoky Mountains Study sample.
RESULTS: An eight-syndrome model fit well at all ages, and
in both genders. It included social anxiety, separation
anxiety, oppositional defiant, and conduct syndromes, along
with a multidimensional attention deficit-hyperactivity
syndrome (i.e., inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity)
and a unidimensional major depression/generalized anxiety
syndrome. A high degree of measurement invariance across age
was found for all syndromes, except for major
depression/generalized anxiety. Major depression and
generalized anxiety syndromes slightly diverged at age
14-16, when they also began to explain more symptom
variance. Additionally, correlations between some emotional
and disruptive syndromes showed slight differentiation.
CONCLUSIONS: Marked developmental differentiation of
psychopathology, as implied by the orthogenetic principle,
is not a prominent cause of preadolescent and adolescent
psychiatric comorbidity.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02234.x},
Key = {fds271671}
}
@article{fds271670,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Erkanli, A and Copeland, W and Angold,
A},
Title = {Association of family income supplements in adolescence with
development of psychiatric and substance use disorders in
adulthood among an American Indian population.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {303},
Number = {19},
Pages = {1954-1960},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20483972},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: In a natural experiment in which some families
received income supplements, prevalence of adolescent
behavioral symptoms decreased significantly. These
adolescents are now young adults. OBJECTIVE: To examine the
effects of income supplements in adolescence and adulthood
on the prevalence of adult psychiatric disorders. DESIGN:
Quasi-experimental, longitudinal. POPULATION AND SETTING: A
representative sample of children aged 9, 11, or 13 years in
1993 (349 [25%] of whom are American Indian) were assessed
for psychiatric and substance use disorders through age 21
years (1993-2006). Of the 1420 who participated in 1993,
1185 were interviewed as adults. From 1996, when a casino
opened on the Indian reservation, every American Indian but
no non-Indians received an annual income supplement that
increased from $500 to around $9000. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Prevalence of adult psychiatric disorders and substance use
disorders based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders in 3 age cohorts, adjusted for age, sex,
length of time in the family home, and number of Indian
parents. RESULTS: As adults, significantly fewer Indians
than non-Indians had a psychiatric disorder (106 Indians
[weighted 30.2%] vs 337 non-Indians [weighted 36.0%]; odds
ratio [OR], 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30-0.72; P
= .001), particularly alcohol and cannabis abuse,
dependence, or both. The youngest age-cohort of Indian youth
had the longest exposure to the family income. Interactions
between race/ethnicity and age cohort were significant.
Planned comparisons showed that fewer of the youngest Indian
age-cohort had any psychiatric disorder (31.4%) than the
Indian middle cohort (41.7%; OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.24-0.78; P
= .005) or oldest cohort (41.3%; OR, 0.69; 95% CI,
0.51-0.94; P = .01) or the youngest non-Indian cohort
(37.1%; OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.48-0.90; P = .008). Study
hypotheses were not upheld for nicotine or other drugs, or
emotional or behavioral disorders. The income supplement
received in adulthood had no impact on adult
psychopathology. CONCLUSION: Lower prevalence of
psychopathology in American Indian youth following a family
income supplement, compared with the nonexposed, non-Indian
population, persisted into adulthood.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2010.621},
Key = {fds271670}
}
@article{fds271581,
Author = {Rabiner, DL and Anastopoulos, AD and Costello, EJ and Hoyle, RH and Swartzwelder, HS},
Title = {Predictors of nonmedical ADHD medication use by college
students.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {13},
Number = {6},
Pages = {640-648},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19465730},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To identify the predictors of nonmedical ADHD
medication use by college students. PARTICIPANTS: A total of
843 undergraduates attending one public or one private
university in southeastern United States. METHOD: Students
completed a Web-based survey inquiring about ADHD medication
use during the first semester freshman of their year and a
second time during the second semester of their sophomore
year. RESULTS: A total of 45 participants (5.3%) reported
the onset of nonmedical ADHD use between the two survey
administrations. The majority of these students were high
substance users as freshman. Attention difficulties also
predicted the onset of nonmedical use, especially in the
absence of excessive substance use. Compared with other
nonmedical users of ADHD medication, those reporting
attention difficulties had lower GPAs, greater academic
concerns, and higher levels of depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSION: Attention difficulties contribute to the onset
of nonmedical ADHD medication use in a significant minority
of nonmedical users. These students may begin using ADHD
medication to address attention problems they experience as
undermining their academic success.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054709334505},
Key = {fds271581}
}
@article{fds271669,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {Developmental transitions to psychopathology: are there
prodromes of substance use disorders?},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {51},
Number = {4},
Pages = {526-532},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20132418},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02221.x},
Key = {fds271669}
}
@article{fds271534,
Author = {Akee, RKQ and Copeland, WE and Keeler, G and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Parents' Incomes and Children's Outcomes: A
Quasi-Experiment.},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {86-115},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1945-7782},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.2.1.86},
Abstract = {We examine the role that an exogenous increase in household
income due to a government transfer unrelated to household
characteristics plays in children's long run outcomes.
Children in affected households have higher levels of
education in their young adulthood and a lower incidence of
criminality for minor offenses. Effects differ by initial
household poverty status. An additional $4000 per year for
the poorest households increases educational attainment by
one year at age 21 and reduces having ever committed a minor
crime by 22% at ages 16-17. Our evidence suggests that
improved parental quality is a likely mechanism for the
change.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.2.1.86},
Key = {fds271534}
}
@article{fds271668,
Author = {Foster, H and Nagin, DS and Hagan, J and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Specifying criminogenic strains: Stress dynamics and conduct
disorder trajectories},
Journal = {Deviant Behavior},
Volume = {31},
Number = {5},
Pages = {440-475},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0163-9625},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01639620903231340},
Abstract = {This article examines family stress dynamics and conduct
disorder trajectories prospectively in the lives of
adolescents from the Great Smoky Mountains Study of Youth (n
= 1,319). Semi-parametric mixture models are used to
identify distinct trajectories of conduct disorder, poverty,
and family structure. We specify criminogenic features of
dynamic family strains with multivariate models. Results
highlight the protective role of family stability over time
where having always lived in a single-parent family does not
elevate the odds of belonging to the riskier conduct
disorder groups. Furthermore, poverty duration is also
salient where non-chronic exposure is associated with
conduct disorder desistance. © Taylor & Francis Group,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/01639620903231340},
Key = {fds271668}
}
@article{fds271579,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Grand challenges in child and neurodevelopmental
psychiatry.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {14},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21423425},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2010.00014},
Key = {fds271579}
}
@article{fds271578,
Author = {Blase, SL and Gilbert, AN and Anastopoulos, AD and Costello, EJ and Hoyle, RH and Swartzwelder, HS and Rabiner, DL},
Title = {Self-reported ADHD and adjustment in college:
cross-sectional and longitudinal findings.},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-309},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19474463},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between self-reported
ADHD and college adjustment. PARTICIPANTS: Study 1 included
nearly 3400 undergraduates attending a public and private
university. Study 2 included 846 students who participated
during freshman and sophomore year. METHOD: Students
completed a web-based survey that assessed diagnostic status
and adjustment in multiple domains. RESULTS: Relative to
other students, those with self-reported ADHD had lower GPAs
and reported more academic concerns, depressive symptoms,
social concerns, emotional instability, and substance use.
Overall, however, most were making satisfactory adjustments
in these domains. Benefits of medication treatment were not
found. Freshman year ADHD predicted lower GPA, increased
academic concerns and alcohol use, and smoking initiation.
CONCLUSION: Students with ADHD struggled relative to peers
but most were adjusting reasonably well across multiple
domains. Future research should move beyond the use of
self-reported diagnosis and more carefully examine the
impact of medication treatment in this population.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054709334446},
Key = {fds271578}
}
@article{fds271580,
Author = {Rabiner, DL and Anastopoulos, AD and Costello, EJ and Hoyle, RH and McCabe, SE and Swartzwelder, HS},
Title = {Motives and perceived consequences of nonmedical ADHD
medication use by college students: are students treating
themselves for attention problems?},
Journal = {J Atten Disord},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {259-270},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18664714},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examines why college students without
a prescription take ADHD medication, what they perceive the
consequences of this to be, and whether attention problems
are associated with this behavior. METHOD: More than 3,400
undergraduates attending one public and one private
university in the southeastern United States completed a
Web-based survey. RESULTS: Nonmedical ADHD medication use in
the prior 6 months was reported by 5.4% of respondents and
was positively associated with self-reported attention
difficulties. Enhancing the ability to study was the most
frequent motive reported; nonacademic motives were less
common. Students perceived nonmedical use to be beneficial
despite frequent reports of adverse reactions. CONCLUSION:
Students without prescriptions use ADHD medication primarily
to enhance academic performance and may do so to ameliorate
attention problems that they experience as undermining their
academic success. The academic, social, and biomedical
consequences of illicit ADHD medication use among college
students should be researched further.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054708320399},
Key = {fds271580}
}
@article{fds271502,
Author = {Costello, J and Angold, A},
Title = {Measurement and design for life course studies of individual
differences and development},
Pages = {27-60},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198528487.003.0002},
Abstract = {This chapter reviews methods for studying individual
differences across the life course. It starts from the
position that even when a life course study is basically
observational or descriptive, there is an underlying concern
to understand more about causality. There are two aspects of
research methods that have to be considered in designing a
life course study: study design and measurement of
individuals. Under the first heading the chapter describes
observational and quasi-experimental designs for life course
research. A section on genetically informative designs
describes a range of options for increasing the genetic
information that can be obtained from life course research.
The section on capturing individual differences discusses
continuous versus categorical measurement, the timing of
measurements, the range of information that can be
collected, and nonintrusive methods for collecting
individual life course information. A section on biological
information discusses applications of molecular genetics and
psychoneuroendocrinology to life course research.},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198528487.003.0002},
Key = {fds271502}
}
@article{fds271577,
Author = {Rabiner, DL and Anastopoulos, AD and Costello, EJ and Hoyle, RH and McCabe, SE and Swartzwelder, HS},
Title = {The misuse and diversion of prescribed ADHD medications by
college students.},
Journal = {Journal of Attention Disorders},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {144-153},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1087-0547},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19448150},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study assesses the misuse and diversion of
prescribed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
medications. METHOD: One hundred fifteen students, attending
two universities, with prescriptions for ADHD medications
completed a Web survey in spring 2007. RESULTS: Eighty-nine
of 115 students (69%) used their ADHD medications as
prescribed, whereas 36 (31%) had misused during college by
taking larger or more frequent doses than prescribed or by
using someone else's medication. Nine students (8%) reported
intranasal use during the previous 6 months, and 30 (26%)
had diverted medications to peers. Misuse was associated
with impulsivity and with other substance use. Enhancing the
ability to study outside of class was students' primary
motive for misuse, but nonacademic reasons were also
reported. Students who misused ADHD medications generally
felt that doing so was helpful. CONCLUSIONS: Although most
students use their ADHD medication as prescribed, misuse and
diversion is not uncommon. Because enhancing academic
performance was the primary motive for misuse, the results
raise questions about whether undergraduates with ADHD
perceive their treatment as adequate and the extent to which
physicians and students communicate about issues related to
medication adjustments.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054708320414},
Key = {fds271577}
}
@article{fds271590,
Author = {Brown, R and Copeland, WE and Costello, EJ and Erkanli, A and Worthman,
CM},
Title = {Family and Community Influences on Educational Outcomes
Among Appalachian Youth.},
Journal = {Journal of Community Psychology},
Volume = {37},
Number = {7},
Pages = {795-808},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0090-4392},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20948982},
Doi = {10.1002/jcop.20331},
Key = {fds271590}
}
@article{fds271667,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Shanahan, L and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders as predictors
of young adult disorders.},
Journal = {Arch Gen Psychiatry},
Volume = {66},
Number = {7},
Pages = {764-772},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19581568},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Most adults with a psychiatric disorder first met
diagnostic criteria during childhood and/or adolescence, yet
specific homotypic and heterotypic patterns of prediction
have not been firmly established. OBJECTIVE: To establish
which childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders predict
particular young adult disorders when accounting for
comorbidities, disaggregating similar disorders, and
examining childhood and adolescent predictors separately.
DESIGN: Eleven waves of data from the prospective
population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study (N = 1420) were
used. SETTING: The Great Smoky Mountains Study is a
longitudinal study of the development of psychiatric
disorder and need for mental health services in rural and
urban youth. A representative sample of children was
recruited from 11 counties in western North Carolina.
PARTICIPANTS: Children in the community aged 9 to 16, 19,
and 21 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Common psychiatric
disorders were assessed in childhood (ages 9-12 years) and
adolescence (ages 13-16 years) with the Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Assessment and in young adulthood (ages 19 and
21 years) with the Young Adult Psychiatric Assessment.
RESULTS: Adolescent depression significantly predicted young
adult depression in the bivariate analysis, but this effect
was entirely accounted for by comorbidity of adolescent
depression with adolescent oppositional defiant disorder,
anxiety, and substance disorders in adjusted analyses.
Generalized anxiety and depression cross-predicted each
other, and oppositional defiant disorder (but not conduct
disorder) predicted later anxiety disorders and depression.
Evidence of homotypic prediction was supported for substance
use disorders, antisocial personality disorder (from conduct
disorder), and anxiety disorders, although this effect was
primarily accounted for by DSM-III-R overanxious disorder.
CONCLUSIONS: Stringent tests of homotypic and heterotypic
prediction patterns suggest a more developmentally and
diagnostically nuanced picture in comparison with the
previous literature. The putative link between adolescent
and young adult depression was not supported. Oppositional
defiant disorder was singular in being part of the
developmental history of a wide range of young adult
disorders.},
Doi = {10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.85},
Key = {fds271667}
}
@article{fds271573,
Author = {Kessler, RC and Avenevoli, S and Costello, EJ and Green, JG and Gruber,
MJ and Heeringa, S and Merikangas, KR and Pennell, B-E and Sampson, NA and Zaslavsky, AM},
Title = {Design and field procedures in the US National Comorbidity
Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement
(NCS-A).},
Journal = {International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric
Research},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {69-83},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1049-8931},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mpr.279},
Abstract = {An overview is presented of the design and field procedures
of the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent
Supplement (NCS-A), a US face-to-face household survey of
the prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV mental disorders.
The survey was based on a dual-frame design that included
904 adolescent residents of the households that participated
in the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (85.9%
response rate) and 9244 adolescent students selected from a
nationally representative sample of 320 schools (74.7%
response rate). After expositing the logic of dual-frame
designs, comparisons are presented of sample and population
distributions on Census socio-demographic variables and, in
the school sample, school characteristics. These document
only minor differences between the samples and the
population. The results of statistical analysis of the
bias-efficiency trade-off in weight trimming are then
presented. These show that modest trimming meaningfully
reduces mean squared error. Analysis of comparative sample
efficiency shows that the household sample is more efficient
than the school sample, leading to the household sample
getting a higher weight relative to its size in the
consolidated sample relative to the school sample. Taken
together, these results show that the NCS-A is an efficient
sample of the target population with good representativeness
on a range of socio-demographic and geographic
variables.},
Doi = {10.1002/mpr.279},
Key = {fds271573}
}
@article{fds271589,
Author = {Brown, RA and Rehkopf, DH and Copeland, WE and Costello, EJ and Worthman, CM},
Title = {Lifecourse Priorities Among Appalachian Emerging Adults:
Revisiting Wallace's Organization of Diversity.},
Journal = {Ethos},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {225-242},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0091-2131},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1352.2009.01040.x},
Abstract = {We examine how social demographics (gender, age, or
race-ethnicity), census tract characteristics, and family
environment during childhood relate to variability in the
lifecourse priorities of 344 Cherokee and white youth during
emerging adulthood (age 19-24). Analyses were performed
using recursive partitioning and random forest methods to
examine determinants of prioritizing education, family
formation, economic establishment, self characteristics and
close relationships, youth independence, conspicuous
consumption, and community reliance. Overall,
characteristics of census tracts were the most common and
influential predictors of lifecourse priorities. Childhood
family poverty, parental relationship problems, parental
crime, and stressful life events were also important
predictors. Race-ethnicity or cultural group (Cherokee vs.
white), age, and gender were relatively unimportant. At this
developmental stage and in this population, community
characteristics and childhood family experiences may be
better proxies for developmental settings (and resulting
enculturated values and preferences) than social demographic
variables (e.g., ethnicity or gender).},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1548-1352.2009.01040.x},
Key = {fds271589}
}
@article{fds271574,
Author = {Costello, J},
Title = {Editorial: How epidemiology helps.},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {50},
Number = {4},
Pages = {361-362},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02102.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02102.x},
Key = {fds271574}
}
@article{fds271575,
Author = {Kessler, RC and Avenevoli, S and Costello, EJ and Green, JG and Gruber,
MJ and Heeringa, S and Merikangas, KR and Pennell, B-E and Sampson, NA and Zaslavsky, AM},
Title = {National comorbidity survey replication adolescent
supplement (NCS-A): II. Overview and design.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {380-385},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181999705},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To present an overview of the design and field
procedures of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). METHOD: The NCS-A is a
nationally representative face-to-face household survey of
the prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV mental disorders
among U.S. adolescents (aged 13-17 years) that was performed
between February 2001 and January 2004 by the Survey
Research Center of the Institute for Social Research at the
University of Michigan. The sample was based on a dual-frame
design that included 904 adolescent residents of the
households that participated in the National Comorbidity
Survey Replication (response rate 85.9%) and 9,244
adolescent students selected from a representative sample of
320 schools in the same nationally representative sample of
counties as the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
(response rate 74.7%). RESULTS: Comparisons of sample and
population distributions on census sociodemographic
variables and, in the school sample, school characteristics
documented onlyminor differences that were corrected with
poststratification weighting. Comparisons of DSM-IV disorder
prevalence estimates among household versus school sample
respondents in counties that differed in the use of
replacement schools for originally selected schools that
refused to participate showed that the use of replacement
schools did not introduce bias into prevalence estimates.
CONCLUSIONS: The NCS-A is a rich nationally representative
dataset that will substantially increase understanding of
the mental health and well-being of adolescents in the
United States.},
Doi = {10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181999705},
Key = {fds271575}
}
@article{fds271576,
Author = {Merikangas, KR and Avenevoli, S and Costello, EJ and Koretz, D and Kessler, RC},
Title = {National comorbidity survey replication adolescent
supplement (NCS-A): I. Background and measures.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {367-379},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CHI.0b013e31819996f1},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This article presents an overview of the
background and measures used in the National Comorbidity
Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). METHOD:
The NCS-A is a national psychiatric epidemiological survey
of adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. RESULTS: The NCS-A was
designed to provide the first nationally representative
estimates of the prevalence, correlates, and patterns of
service use for DSM-IV mental disorders among U.S.
adolescents and to lay the groundwork for follow-up studies
of risk and protective factors, consequences, and early
expressions of adult mental disorders. The core NCS-A
diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization
Composite International Diagnostic Interview, is a fully
structured research diagnostic interview designed for use by
trained lay interviewers. A multiconstruct, multimethod, and
multi-informant battery was also included to assess risk and
protective factors and barriers to service use. Design
limitations due to the NCS-A evolving as a supplement to an
ongoing survey of mental disorders of U.S. adults include
restricted age range of youths, cross-sectional assessment,
and lack of full parental/surrogate informant reports on
youth mental disorders and correlates. CONCLUSIONS: Despite
these limitations, the NCS-A contains unparalleled
information that can be used to generate national estimates
of prevalence and correlates of adolescent mental disorders,
risk and protective factors, patterns of service use, and
barriers to receiving treatment for these disorders. The
retrospective NCS-A data on the development of
psychopathology can additionally complement data from
longitudinal studies based on more geographically restricted
samples and serve as a useful baseline for future
prospective studies of the onset and progression of mental
disorders in adulthood.},
Doi = {10.1097/CHI.0b013e31819996f1},
Key = {fds271576}
}
@article{fds271666,
Author = {Copeland, W and Shanahan, L and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Configurations of common childhood psychosocial risk
factors.},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {50},
Number = {4},
Pages = {451-459},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19220623},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Co-occurrence of psychosocial risk factors is
commonplace, but little is known about psychiatrically-predictive
configurations of psychosocial risk factors. METHODS: Latent
class analysis (LCA) was applied to 17 putative psychosocial
risk factors in a representative population sample of 920
children ages 9 to 17. The resultant class structure was
retested in a representative population sample of 1420
children aged 9 to 13. In each sample, the child and one
parent were interviewed with the Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Assessment. Concurrent psychiatric status was
used to validate class membership. RESULTS: LCA identified
five latent classes in both samples: two low risk classes;
two moderate risk classes both involving family poverty
configured with various other risk factors; and a high risk
class characterized by family relational dysfunction and
parental risk characteristics. Of the primary sample, 48.6%
were categorized as low risk, 42.8% as moderate risk, and
8.6% as high risk. Moderate risk classes differed in their
prediction of disruptive and emotional disorders depending
on their specific risk factor configurations. High risk
youth had the highest levels of both emotional and
disruptive disorders. Combining our latent classes with a
cumulative risk approach best accounted for the effects of
risk factors on psychopathology in our primary sample.
CONCLUSIONS: Particular risk configurations have specific
associations with psychiatric disorders. Configurational
approaches are an important asset for large-scale
epidemiological studies that integrate information about
patterns of risk and disorders.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02005.x},
Key = {fds271666}
}
@article{fds271594,
Author = {Beskow, LM and Dame, L and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Response},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {323},
Number = {5919},
Pages = {1289-1290},
Publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science
(AAAS)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.323.5919.1289},
Doi = {10.1126/science.323.5919.1289},
Key = {fds271594}
}
@article{fds271525,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Using Epidemiological and Longitudinal Approaches to Study
Causal Hypotheses},
Pages = {58-70},
Publisher = {BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444300895.ch5},
Doi = {10.1002/9781444300895.ch5},
Key = {fds271525}
}
@article{fds271664,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Nosology and measurement in child and adolescent
psychiatry.},
Journal = {The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {50},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {9-15},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19175818},
Abstract = {The last 50 years have witnessed enormous strides in the
measurement and classification of child and adolescent
psychiatric disorders. Debates about whether we should
continue to depend upon a categorical nosology still
continue, but we argue that, despite the absence of clear
dividing lines between psychiatric disorders and normality
and ubiquity of diagnostic comorbidity, the current official
approach to nosology has served child and adolescent
psychiatric research surprisingly well. In particular we
point to the utility of non-developmental diagnostic
criteria as tools for discovering developmental effects on
psychopathology. We also maintain that the search for
sharper boundaries between disorders is fundamentally
mistaken. However, official nosologies have tended to
privilege information collected in diagnostic interviews and
to sideline observational and other methods that cannot
easily be made to conform to the format of their criteria.
We suggest that it is time to remedy this situation. The
ICD-10 and DSM-IV are useless for children under the age of
about two, while alternatives, such as the DC:0-3, suffer
from a profound lack of empirical support. We suggest a way
forward through the integration of methods from temperament
and psychopathology research. Finally, we deplore the
failure of standardized assessment techniques to have
penetrated more deeply into everyday clinical
assessment.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01981.x},
Key = {fds271664}
}
@article{fds271572,
Author = {Worthman, CM and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Tracking biocultural pathways in population health: the
value of biomarkers.},
Journal = {Ann Hum Biol},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {281-297},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0301-4460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460902832934},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cultural factors and biomarkers are emerging
emphases in social epidemiology that readily ally with human
biology and anthropology. Persistent health challenges and
disparities have established biocultural roots, and
environment plays an integral role in physical development
and function that form the bases of population health.
Biomarkers have proven to be valuable tools for
investigating biocultural bases of health disparities. AIMS:
We apply recent insights from biology to consider how
culture gets under the skin and evaluate the construct of
embodiment. We analyse contrasting biomarker models and
applications, and propose an integrated model for
biomarkers. Three examples from the Great Smoky Mountains
Study (GSMS) illustrate these points. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
The longitudinal developmental epidemiological GSMS
comprises a population-based sample of 1420 children with
repeated measures including mental and physical health, life
events, household conditions, and biomarkers for pubertal
development and allostatic load. RESULTS: Analyses using
biomarkers resolved competing explanations for links between
puberty and depression, identified gender differences in
stress at puberty, and revealed interactive effects of
birthweight and postnatal adversity on risk for depression
at puberty in girls. CONCLUSION: An integrated biomarker
model can both enrich epidemiology and illuminate
biocultural pathways in population health.},
Doi = {10.1080/03014460902832934},
Key = {fds271572}
}
@article{fds271665,
Author = {Brown, RA and Kuzara, J and Copeland, WE and Costello, EJ and Angold, A and Worthman, CM},
Title = {Moving from ethnography to epidemiology: lessons learned in
Appalachia.},
Journal = {Ann Hum Biol},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {248-260},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0301-4460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460902832942},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Anthropologists are beginning to translate
insights from ethnography into tools for population studies
that assess the role of culture in human behavior, biology,
and health. AIM: We describe several lessons learned in the
creation and administration of an ethnographically-based
instrument to assess the life course perspectives of
Appalachian youth, the Life Trajectory Interview for Youth
(LTI-Y). Then, we explore the utility of the LTI-Y in
predicting depressive symptoms, controlling for prior
depressive symptoms and severe negative life events
throughout the life course. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In a
sample of 319 youths (190 White, 129 Cherokee), we tested
the association between depressive symptoms and two domains
of the LTI-Y - life course barriers and milestones.
Longitudinal data on prior depressive symptoms and negative
life events were included in the model. RESULTS: The
ethnographically-based scales of life course barriers and
milestones were associated with unique variance in
depressive symptoms, together accounting for 11% of the
variance in this outcome. CONCLUSION: When creating
ethnographically-based instruments, it is important to
strike a balance between detailed, participant-driven
procedures and the analytic needs of hypothesis testing.
Ethnographically-based instruments have utility for
predicting health outcomes in longitudinal
studies.},
Doi = {10.1080/03014460902832942},
Key = {fds271665}
}
@article{fds271593,
Author = {Beskow, LM and Dame, L and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Research ethics. Certificates of confidentiality and
compelled disclosure of data.},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {322},
Number = {5904},
Pages = {1054-1055},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19008431},
Abstract = {Certificates of Confidentiality have gained prominence in
the context of efforts to build large-scale research
platforms and new requirements for an unprecedented degree
of data sharing. There is, however, a remarkable paucity of
evidence upon which to base conclusions about the strength,
applicability, and durability of the legal protections a
Certificate affords. Here we describe a recent legal
challenge in which a research participant’s data,
collected under a Certificate, were subpoenaed as part of a
criminal case that reached the North Carolina Court of
Appeals. We show how, despite the legal protections
ostensibly afforded by the Certificate and the vigorous
objections of the Principal Investigator and institutional
counsel, the research subject’s confidentiality was
ultimately compromised in the course of the legal
proceedings; further, we discuss the broader implications of
this case for the research enterprise as a
whole.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1164100},
Key = {fds271593}
}
@article{fds271663,
Author = {Brown, RA and Adler, NE and Worthman, CM and Copeland, WE and Costello,
EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {Cultural and community determinants of subjective social
status among Cherokee and White youth.},
Journal = {Ethnicity & Health},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {289-303},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1355-7858},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13557850701837302},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: . Subjective social status (SSS) is associated
with physical and mental health in diverse samples. However,
community, cultural, and ethnic influences on SSS are poorly
understood, especially among rural and American Indian
populations. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine similarities and
differences in how community poverty, family context, and
life course attainment predict SSS among Cherokee and White
youth in Appalachia. DESIGN: We assessed culturally and
developmentally appropriate aspects of life course
attainment among 344 Cherokee and White youth (age 19-24)
using the Life Trajectory Interview for Youth (Brown et al.
2006. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric
Research, 15, 192-206). Combined with information regarding
community context and family history, these data were used
to examine common patterns and ethnic differences in
community, family, and cultural influences on SSS. RESULTS:
Overall, both Cherokee and White youth rank their families
lower in SSS than previously studied US youth. Family
poverty during childhood and low parental education
negatively influence family SSS, Cherokee youth rank higher
on subjective socioeconomic status (SES) than Whites, as do
participants in high poverty areas. However, White youth
rank higher on peer SSS. Ethnographically generated items
perform better than standard demographic markers in
predicting SSS. Educational attainment is associated with
peer SSS among Cherokee (but not White) youths. CONCLUSIONS:
Cultural identity, community context, and local reference
groups are crucial determinants of SSS. Both White and
Cherokee youth in Appalachia exhibit SSS rankings consistent
with socioeconomic and cultural marginalization. On a local
scale, however, living in high poverty areas or minority
communities may buffer individuals from some negative social
comparisons regarding subjectively perceived SES. Meanwhile,
social monitoring in small minority communities may
constrain optimistic bias in assessments of peer popularity
and status. Social ecology, family context, and individual
attainment appear to exert distinctive influences on SSS
across different cultural and ethnic groups.},
Doi = {10.1080/13557850701837302},
Key = {fds271663}
}
@article{fds271571,
Author = {Costello, J},
Title = {Editorial: Letter from America},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {49},
Number = {7},
Pages = {689-690},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01947.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01947.x},
Key = {fds271571}
}
@article{fds271570,
Author = {Rabiner, DL and Anastopoulos, AD and Costello, J and Hoyle, RH and Swartzwelder, HS},
Title = {Adjustment to college in students with ADHD.},
Journal = {Journal of Attention Disorders},
Volume = {11},
Number = {6},
Pages = {689-699},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1087-0547},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17712172},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine college adjustment in students
reporting an ADHD diagnosis and the effect of medication
treatment on students' adjustment. METHOD: 1,648
first-semester freshmen attending a public and a private
university completed a Web-based survey to examine their
adjustment to college. RESULTS: Compared with 200 randomly
selected control students, 68 students with ADHD reported
more academic concerns and depressive symptoms. This was
explained by higher rates of inattentive symptoms among
students with ADHD and was unrelated to hyperactive-impulsive
symptoms. Among students with ADHD, medication treatment was
not related to better adjustment or diminished ADHD
symptoms. The contribution of inattention to academic
concerns and depressive symptoms remained significant when
controlling for personality traits. CONCLUSION: Students
with ADHD experience greater academic performance concerns
and depressive symptoms during the transition to college.
Medication treatment did not appear to diminish ADHD
symptoms nor enhance students' adjustment.},
Doi = {10.1177/1087054707305106},
Key = {fds271570}
}
@article{fds271662,
Author = {Shanahan, L and Copeland, W and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Specificity of putative psychosocial risk factors for
psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents.},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {49},
Number = {1},
Pages = {34-42},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18181879},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Most psychosocial risk factors appear to have
general rather than specific patterns of association with
common childhood and adolescence disorders. However,
previous research has typically failed to 1) control for
comorbidity among disorders, 2) include a wide range of risk
factors, and 3) examine sex by developmental stage effects
on risk factor-disorder associations. This study tests the
specificity of putative psychosocial risk factors while
addressing these criticisms. METHODS: Eight waves of data
from the Great Smoky Mountains Study (N = 1,420) were used,
covering children in the community age 9-16 years old. Youth
and one parent were interviewed up to seven times using the
Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment, providing a
total of 6,674 pairs of interviews. A wide range of putative
neighborhood, school, peer, family, and child risk factors,
and common and comorbid youth disorders were assessed.
RESULTS: The majority of putative risk factors were specific
to one disorder or one disorder domain. A unique or
'signature set' of putative risk factors was identified for
each disorder. Several putative risk factors were associated
with a disorder in preadolescent males, preadolescent
females, adolescent males, or adolescent females only.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the need to define risk
factors and disorders narrowly, to control comorbidity and
other risk factors, and to consider developmental patterns
of specificity by sex.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01822.x},
Key = {fds271662}
}
@article{fds271661,
Author = {Bittner, A and Egger, HL and Erkanli, A and Jane Costello and E and Foley,
DL and Angold, A},
Title = {What do childhood anxiety disorders predict?},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {48},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1174-1183},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18093022},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Few longitudinal studies of child and adolescent
psychopathology have examined the links between specific
childhood anxiety disorders and adolescent psychiatric
disorder. In this paper we test the predictive specificity
of separation anxiety disorder (SAD), overanxious disorder
(OAD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and social
phobia. METHODS: Data come from the Great Smoky Mountains
Study (GSMS). A representative population sample of
children--ages 9, 11, and 13 years at intake--was followed
to age 19. Diagnoses of both childhood (before age 13 years)
and adolescent psychiatric disorders (age 13 to 19 years)
were available from 906 participants. RESULTS: Childhood SAD
predicted adolescent SAD, whereas OAD was associated with
later OAD, panic attacks, depression and conduct disorder
(CD). GAD was related only to CD. Social phobia in childhood
was associated with adolescent OAD, social phobia, and
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety disorders in childhood are predictors
of a range of psychiatric disorders in adolescence. It
appears that children meriting a well-defined diagnosis are
missed by the current rules for the diagnosis of GAD. Future
studies should examine whether OAD deserves reconsideration
as a nosological entity.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01812.x},
Key = {fds271661}
}
@article{fds271660,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Miller-Johnson, S and Keeler, G and Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Childhood psychiatric disorders and young adult crime: a
prospective, population-based study.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Psychiatry},
Volume = {164},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1668-1675},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-953X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17974931},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: While psychopathology is common in criminal
populations, knowing more about what kinds of psychiatric
disorders precede criminal behavior could be helpful in
delineating at-risk children. The authors determined rates
of juvenile psychiatric disorders in a sample of young adult
offenders and then tested which childhood disorders best
predicted young adult criminal status. METHOD: A
representative sample of 1,420 children ages 9, 11, and 13
at intake were followed annually through age 16 for
psychiatric disorders. Criminal offense status in young
adulthood (ages 16 to 21) was ascertained through court
records. RESULTS: Thirty-one percent of the sample had one
or more adult criminal charges. Overall, 51.4% of male young
adult offenders and 43.6% of female offenders had a child
psychiatric history. The population-attributable risk of
criminality from childhood disorders was 20.6% for young
adult female participants and 15.3% for male participants.
Childhood psychiatric profiles predicted all levels of
criminality. Severe/violent offenses were predicted by
comorbid diagnostic groups that included both emotional and
behavioral disorders. CONCLUSIONS: The authors found that
children with specific patterns of psychopathology with and
without conduct disorder were at risk of later criminality.
Effective identification and treatment of children with such
patterns may reduce later crime.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06122026},
Key = {fds271660}
}
@article{fds271658,
Author = {Copeland, WE and Keeler, G and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress in
childhood.},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {64},
Number = {5},
Pages = {577-584},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17485609},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Traumatic events are common and are related to
psychiatric impairment in childhood. Little is known about
the risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) across
different types of trauma exposure in children. OBJECTIVE:
To examine the developmental epidemiology of potential
trauma and posttraumatic stress (PTS) in a longitudinal
community sample of children. METHODS: A representative
population sample of 1420 children aged 9, 11, and 13 years
at intake were followed up annually through 16 years of age.
Main Outcome Measure Traumatic events and PTS were assessed
from child and parent reports annually to 16 years of age.
Risk factors and DSM-IV disorders were also assessed.
RESULTS: More than two thirds of children reported at least
1 traumatic event by 16 years of age, with 13.4% of those
children developing some PTS symptoms. Few PTS symptoms or
psychiatric disorders were observed for individuals
experiencing their first event, and any effects were
short-lived. Less than 0.5% of children met the criteria for
full-blown DSM-IV PTSD. Violent or sexual trauma were
associated with the highest rates of symptoms. The PTS
symptoms were predicted by previous exposure to multiple
traumas, anxiety disorders, and family adversity. Lifetime
co-occurrence of other psychiatric disorders with traumatic
events and PTS symptoms was high, with the highest rates for
anxiety and depressive disorders. CONCLUSIONS: In the
general population of children, potentially traumatic events
are fairly common and do not often result in PTS symptoms,
except after multiple traumas or a history of anxiety. The
prognosis after the first lifetime trauma exposure was
generally favorable. Apart from PTSD, traumatic events are
related to many forms of psychopathology, with the strongest
links being with anxiety and depressive disorders.},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.64.5.577},
Key = {fds271658}
}
@article{fds271568,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Psychiatric predictors of adolescent and young adult drug
use and abuse: what have we learned?},
Journal = {Drug and Alcohol Dependence},
Volume = {88 Suppl 1},
Number = {SUPPL.1},
Pages = {S97-S99},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0376-8716},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.027},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.027},
Key = {fds271568}
}
@article{fds271569,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Psychiatric predictors of adolescent and young adult drug
use and abuse.},
Journal = {Drug and Alcohol Dependence},
Volume = {88 Suppl 1},
Number = {SUPPL.1},
Pages = {S1-S3},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0376-8716},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.007},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.007},
Key = {fds271569}
}
@article{fds271659,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Sung, M and Worthman, C and Angold,
A},
Title = {Pubertal maturation and the development of alcohol use and
abuse.},
Journal = {Drug and Alcohol Dependence},
Volume = {88 Suppl 1},
Pages = {S50-S59},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0376-8716},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17275214},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of various aspects of
puberty on risk of using alcohol and developing alcohol use
disorder (AUD). METHODS: Data come from the Great Smoky
Mountains Study, a longitudinal study of a representative
sample of 1420 youth aged 9-13 at recruitment. Participants
were interviewed annually to age 16. A parent was also
interviewed. Information was obtained about use of a range
of drugs including alcohol, drug abuse and dependence, other
psychiatric disorders, life events, and a wide range of
family characteristics. Pubertal hormones were assayed
annually from blood samples, and morphological development
was assessed using a pictorial measure of Tanner stage.
RESULTS: Controlling for age, Tanner stage predicted alcohol
use and AUD in both boys (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.18-2.22) and
girls (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.17-2.23). The effect of
morphological development was strongest in those who matured
early. Early pubertal maturation predicted alcohol use in
both sexes, and AUD in girls. The highest level of excess
risk for alcohol use was seen in early maturing youth with
conduct disorder and deviant peers. Lax supervision
predicted alcohol use in early maturing girls, while poverty
and family problems were predictive in early maturing boys.
CONCLUSIONS: Among the many biological, morphological, and
social markers of increasing maturation, the visible signs
of maturity are important triggers of alcohol use and AUD,
especially when they occur early and in young people with
conduct problems, deviant peers, problem families and
inadequate parental supervision.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.009},
Key = {fds271659}
}
@article{fds271657,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Worthman, C and Erkanli, A and Angold,
A},
Title = {Prediction from low birth weight to female adolescent
depression: a test of competing hypotheses.},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {64},
Number = {3},
Pages = {338-344},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17339522},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Low birth weight (LBW) predicts later-onset
hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Its role as a predictor
of depression is unclear. OBJECTIVES: To examine whether LBW
predicts depression in male and female children and
adolescents and to compare the following 2 hypotheses: Low
birth weight is one among several perinatal, childhood, and
adolescent risk factors for depression (biopsychosocial
hypothesis). Low birth weight is a marker for poor
intrauterine conditions that provoke adjustments in fetal
development, with long-term consequences for stress response
(fetal programming hypothesis). DESIGN: A representative
population-based sample from an 11-county area in western
North Carolina was assessed annually for psychiatric
disorders between the ages of 9 and 16 years. We tested the
prediction from LBW and depression in models that included
LBW only, LBW plus other prenatal and perinatal adversities,
LBW plus significant perinatal and childhood adversities,
and LBW plus significant perinatal and childhood adversities
and adolescent correlates. SETTING: Academic research.
PARTICIPANTS: There were 1420 participants, of whom 49% were
female. Main Outcome Measure Cumulative prevalence of DSM-IV
depressive disorder at 1 assessment or more during childhood
(age range, 9-12 years) and during adolescence (age range,
13-16 years). RESULTS: The cumulative prevalence of
depression among adolescent girls with LBW was 38.1% (95%
confidence interval [CI], 16.3%-66.0%) compared with 8.4%
(95% CI, 5.2%-13.3%) among adolescent girls with normal
birth weight. Rates among children and adolescent boys did
not exceed 4.9%. In adolescence, there was a significant
interaction between LBW and sex (odds ratio, 0.2 [95% CI,
0.1-0.5]; P<.001). Low birth weight predicted female
adolescent depression after controlling for other perinatal,
childhood, and adolescent adversities. Girls with LBW and
normal birth weight with no adversities had no adolescent
depression, but each additional adversity increased the risk
of in girls with LBW more than in girls with normal birth
weight. Low birth weight did not predict other psychiatric
disorders in either sex. CONCLUSIONS: Low birth weight
predicts depression in adolescent girls but not boys. Data
support fetal programming over the biopsychosocial
hypothesis, suggesting vulnerability to adversities in girls
with LBW after puberty.},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.64.3.338},
Key = {fds271657}
}
@article{fds271588,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Copeland, W and Cowell, A and Keeler,
G},
Title = {Service costs of caring for adolescents with mental illness
in a rural community, 1993-2000.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Psychiatry},
Volume = {164},
Number = {1},
Pages = {36-42},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-953X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17202542},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Costs of treating child psychiatric disorders
fall on educational, primary care, juvenile justice, and
social service agencies as well as on psychiatric services.
The authors estimated multiagency mental health costs by
integrating service unit costs with utilization rates in an
11-county area. Using psychiatric diagnoses made
independently of service use records, the authors calculated
costs across agencies as well as the extent of unmet need
for psychiatric care. METHOD: Annual parent and child
reports were used to measure mental health care needs and
units of service across 21 types of settings for the
population-based Great Smoky Mountain Study sample of 1,420
adolescents from ages 13 to 16. Unit costs for services were
generated from information from service providers and
records. The authors calculated costs overall, costs by type
of service, and costs by diagnosis. RESULTS: Average annual
costs per adolescent treated were $3,146. Juvenile justice
and inpatient/residential facilities accounted for well over
half of the total costs. Costs for youths with two or more
diagnoses were twice as much as costs of those with a single
disorder. Among adolescents with service needs, 66.9%
received no services. Public health insurance was associated
with higher rates of specialty mental health care than
either private insurance or no insurance. CONCLUSIONS:
Annual costs across all services were three to four times
greater than recent health insurance estimates alone. Many
costs for adolescents with mental health problems were borne
by agencies not designed primarily to provide psychiatric or
psychological services. Only one in three adolescents
needing psychiatric care received any mental health
services.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.164.9.A36},
Key = {fds271588}
}
@article{fds271516,
Author = {Phillips, SD and Erkanli, A and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Differences among children whose mothers have been in
contact with the criminal justice system},
Journal = {Women & Criminal Justice},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {43-61},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J012v17n02_04},
Abstract = {In order to effectively help children whose mothers become
involved with the criminal justice system, it is important
to understand their differing needs. To that end, the
analyses described in this article explore the heterogeneity
in parent and family risks among a group of children whose
mothers had contact with the criminal justice system. Using
data from an epidemiologic study of youth, results showed
that the two most prevalent problems in the backgrounds of
this group of youth were poverty (61.5%) and maternal mental
health problems (54.9%). But, results of cluster analyses
suggest this group is actually made up of four meaningfully
different subgroups: (1) children with only isolated risks,
(2) children with histories of abuse, (3) children who have
multiple parents/caregivers with histories of drug abuse
and/or mental health problems, and (4) children whose
parents have few problems, but who are living in
economically deprived, single-parent households. © by The
Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1300/J012v17n02_04},
Key = {fds271516}
}
@article{fds271523,
Author = {Fairbank, JA and Klaric, JS and O'Dekirk, JM and Fairbank, DW and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Environmental vulnerabilities and posttraumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) among children with different personality
styles},
Pages = {35-48},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Children who survive traumatic events are at increased risk
for serious emotional disturbance, including posttraumatic
stress disorder (PTSD). Many factors influence children's
emotional reactions to traumatic experiences, including the
severity and duration of exposure to trauma, aspects of the
post-exposure recovery environment, and characteristics of
children and their caregivers. Using data from a
longitudinal community study of children's mental health, we
statistically model PTSD in children with differing
personality styles characterized by behavioral activation
(high extraversion and social competence) and behavioral
inhibition (high introversion and self doubt). As expected,
analyses indicated that PTSD is predicted by trauma exposure
and age in children with either type of personality style.
Family environment problems were more likely to contribute
to PTSD in children with a personality style characterized
by high levels of behavioral activation. Among children who
scored high on behavioral inhibition, a history of parental
psychopathology was more likely to predict PTSD. © 2006 by
Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds271523}
}
@article{fds271654,
Author = {Jane Costello and E and Erkanli, A and Angold, A},
Title = {Is there an epidemic of child or adolescent
depression?},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {47},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1263-1271},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17176381},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Both the professional and the general media have
recently published concerns about an 'epidemic' of child and
adolescent depression. Reasons for this concern include (1)
increases in antidepressant prescriptions, (2) retrospective
recall by successive birth cohorts of adults, (3) rising
adolescent suicide rates until 1990, and (4) evidence of an
increase in emotional problems across three cohorts of
British adolescents. METHODS: Epidemiologic studies of
children born between 1965 and 1996 were reviewed and a
meta-analysis conducted of all studies that used structured
diagnostic interviews to make formal diagnoses of depression
on representative population samples of participants up to
age 18. The effect of year of birth on prevalence was
estimated, controlling for age, sex, sample size, taxonomy
(e.g., DSM vs. ICD), measurement instrument, and time-frame
of the interview (current, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months).
RESULTS: Twenty-six studies were identified, generating
close to 60,000 observations on children born between 1965
and 1996 who had received at least one structured
psychiatric interview capable of making a formal diagnosis
of depression. Rates of depression showed no effect of year
of birth. There was little effect of taxonomy, measurement
instrument, or time-frame of interview. The overall
prevalence estimates were: under 13, 2.8% (standard error
(SE) .5%); 13-18 5.6% (SE .3%); 13-18 girls: 5.9% (SE .3%);
13-18 boys: 4.6% (SE .3%). CONCLUSIONS: When concurrent
assessment rather than retrospective recall is used, there
is no evidence for an increased prevalence of child or
adolescent depression over the past 30 years. Public
perception of an 'epidemic' may arise from heightened
awareness of a disorder that was long under-diagnosed by
clinicians.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01682.x},
Key = {fds271654}
}
@article{fds271655,
Author = {Erkanli, A and Sung, M and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Bayesian semi-parametric ROC analysis.},
Journal = {Statistics in Medicine},
Volume = {25},
Number = {22},
Pages = {3905-3928},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0277-6715},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16416403},
Abstract = {This paper describes a semi-parametric Bayesian approach for
estimating receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves
based on mixtures of Dirichlet process priors (MDP). We
address difficulties in modelling the underlying
distribution of screening scores due to non-normality that
may lead to incorrect choices of diagnostic cut-offs and
unreliable estimates of prevalence of the disease. MDP is a
robust tool for modelling non-standard diagnostic
distributions associated with imperfect classification of an
underlying diseased population, for example, when a
diagnostic test is not a gold standard. For posterior
computations, we propose an efficient Gibbs sampling
framework based on a finite-dimensional approximation to
MDP. We show, using both simulated and real data sets, that
MDP modelling for ROC curve estimation closely parallels the
frequentist kernel density estimation (KDE)
approach.},
Doi = {10.1002/sim.2496},
Key = {fds271655}
}
@article{fds271653,
Author = {Brotman, MA and Schmajuk, M and Rich, BA and Dickstein, DP and Guyer,
AE and Costello, EJ and Egger, HL and Angold, A and Pine, DS and Leibenluft, E},
Title = {Prevalence, clinical correlates, and longitudinal course of
severe mood dysregulation in children.},
Journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
Volume = {60},
Number = {9},
Pages = {991-997},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0006-3223},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.08.042},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Controversy concerning the diagnosis of
pediatric bipolar disorder (BD) has focused attention on
children with chronic irritability and hyperarousal. This
syndrome has been called the "broad BD phenotype" or severe
mood dysregulation (SMD). This study examines prevalence,
concurrent Axis I diagnoses, and longitudinal outcome of SMD
in an epidemiologic sample. METHODS: Data were drawn from
the Great Smoky Mountains Study, a longitudinal
epidemiological study. Items from the Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Assessment were used to generate SMD criteria.
RESULTS: Among 1420 children, the lifetime prevalence of SMD
in children ages 9-19 was 3.3%. Most (67.7%) SMD youth had
an Axis I diagnosis, most commonly attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (26.9%), conduct disorder (25.9%), and/or
oppositional defiant disorder (24.5%). In young adulthood
(mean age 18.3 +/- 2.1 years), youth who met criteria for
SMD in the first wave (mean age 10.6 +/- 1.4 years) were
significantly more likely to be diagnosed with a depressive
disorder (odds ratio 7.2, confidence interval 1.3-38.8, p =
.02) than youth who never met criteria for SMD. CONCLUSIONS:
Severe mood dysregulation is relatively common in childhood
and predicts risk for early adulthood depressive disorders.
Research should continue to explore the course of illness in
children with SMD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.08.042},
Key = {fds271653}
}
@article{fds271652,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Puberty and depression.},
Journal = {Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North
America},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {919-ix},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1056-4993},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16952768},
Abstract = {Unipolar depression only becomes more common in girls than
boys after the age of 13, as a result of an increased
incidence of depressive episodes in girls at that time. This
article reviews evidence that links multiple dimensions of
maturation in the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis with
this phenomenon. Effects of developmental status and timing
have been implicated, but few studies have deployed either
the measurement strategies or the statistical power needed
to provide a satisfactory answer to the question regarding
which components of puberty are most responsible.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chc.2006.05.013},
Key = {fds271652}
}
@article{fds271566,
Author = {Costello, J},
Title = {About papers that are not accepted for publication.},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {47},
Number = {9},
Pages = {869-870},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01683.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01683.x},
Key = {fds271566}
}
@article{fds271651,
Author = {Foley, DL and Goldston, DB and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Proximal psychiatric risk factors for suicidality in youth:
the Great Smoky Mountains Study.},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {63},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1017-1024},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16953004},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Psychiatric disorder is a major risk factor for
suicidality but has poor positive predictive value.
OBJECTIVES: To characterize proximal risks for suicidality
associated with anxiety, depressive, disruptive behavior,
and substance use disorders, and to test whether there are
critical combinations of disorders that discriminate at-risk
youth independent of severity of psychopathology. DESIGN:
The Great Smoky Mountains Study, a representative sample of
children and adolescents aged 9 to 16 years from the
southeastern United States. Subjects and their parents were
interviewed on multiple occasions from 1993 to 2000 about
the subjects' recent psychiatric and suicidal history.
SETTING: An epidemiological sample of youth. PARTICIPANTS:
The sample included 1420 individual subjects with 6676
records across 8 waves of data collection. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES: Wanting to die, suicidal ideation, suicide plans,
or suicide attempt during the past 3 months. RESULTS: Eleven
broad psychiatric profiles discriminated suicidal youth.
Risk was greatest in association with current depression
plus anxiety (specifically GAD [generalized anxiety
disorder]) (odds ratio, 468.53) or depression plus a
disruptive disorder (primarily ODD [oppositional-defiant
disorder]) (odds ratio, 222.94). Unless comorbid, anxiety
and substance use disorders were not proximally associated
with suicidality. The severity of symptom-related impairment
and, in some cases, total symptom load explained risk
associated with all psychiatric profiles except depression
plus anxiety, specifically GAD (adjusted odds ratio, 50.16).
Severity of impairment and poverty defined by federal
guidelines for families were both independent risk factors,
irrespective of psychiatric profile. Suicidal youth without
diagnosable disorders had subthreshold (mostly disruptive)
disorders, disabling relationship difficulties, or
psychiatric symptoms without associated impairment.
CONCLUSIONS: Severity of symptom-related impairment and
total symptom load explained most of the risk for
suicidality associated with current psychiatric disorders.
Only depression plus GAD discriminated at-risk youth
independent of severity of psychopathology.},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.63.9.1017},
Key = {fds271651}
}
@article{fds271565,
Author = {Costello, J},
Title = {Editorial},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-3},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01605.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01605.x},
Key = {fds271565}
}
@article{fds271649,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Foley, DL and Angold, A},
Title = {10-year research update review: the epidemiology of child
and adolescent psychiatric disorders: II. Developmental
epidemiology.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {8-25},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16327577},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe the growth of developmental
epidemiology in the past decade and to illustrate it with
examples of recent studies. METHOD: A review of publications
on developmental epidemiology in the past 10 years and a
discussion of some key examples. RESULTS: The authors
describe how the interaction between developmental
psychopathology and psychiatric epidemiology has produced
developmental epidemiology, the study of patterns of
distribution of psychiatric disorders in time as well as in
space. They give two examples of the kinds of questions that
developmental epidemiology can help to answer: (1) Is the
prevalence of autism increasing? Does the use of vaccines
explain the increase? (2) Is there an epidemic of child and
adolescent depression? Finally, they describe two areas of
science that are beginning to inform developmental
epidemiology: molecular genetics and the use of biological
measures of stress. CONCLUSIONS: While child and adolescent
psychiatric epidemiology continues, as described in the
first of these reviews, to address questions of prevalence
and burden, it has also expanded into new areas of research
in the past decade. In the next decade, longitudinal
epidemiological data sets with their rich descriptive data
on psychopathology and environmental risk over time and the
potential to add biological measures will provide valuable
resources for research into gene-environment correlations
and interactions.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.chi.0000184929.41423.c0},
Key = {fds271649}
}
@article{fds271567,
Author = {Brown, RA and Worthman, CM and Costello, EJ and Erkanli,
A},
Title = {The Life Trajectory Interview for Youth (LTI-Y): method
development and psychometric properties of an instrument to
assess life-course models and achievement.},
Journal = {International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric
Research},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {192-206},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {1049-8931},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17266015},
Abstract = {This paper describes the rationale, development and
psychometric properties of the Life Trajectory Interview for
Youth (LTI-Y), an instrument designed to assess cognitive
models of the life course and life-course achievement. This
method was developed over 13 months of pilot research, and
applied with a population of 350 participants from the Great
Smoky Mountain Study, a longitudinal epidemiological study
of mental health in western North Carolina comprising 1420
youths (among them 350 Cherokee Native Americans). The LTI-Y
is designed to address gaps in our understanding of the
links between large-scale structural conditions and social
processes and individual outcomes such as mental health.
Scale consistency (n = 350) was good to high, whereas
test-retest reliability in a limited sample (n = 18) was
moderate to good, depending on the domain and dimension of
data considered. Overall, psychometric properties indicate
fairly stable and consistent life-course strategies and
priorities. Although developed and piloted with youth from
Western North Carolina, the methods described could be
applied to any population of interest.},
Doi = {10.1002/mpr.195},
Key = {fds271567}
}
@article{fds271650,
Author = {Rowe, R and Maughan, B and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Defining oppositional defiant disorder.},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {46},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1309-1316},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01420.x},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: ICD-10 and DSM-IV include similar criterial
symptom lists for conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional
defiant disorder (ODD), but while DSM-IV treats each list
separately, ICD-10 considers them jointly. One consequence
is that ICD-10 identifies a group of children with ODD
subtype who do not receive a diagnosis under DSM-IV.
METHODS: We examined the characteristics of this group of
children using the Great Smoky Mountains Study of children
in the community aged 9-16. This study provided child and
parent reports of symptoms and psychosocial impairment
assessed with standardised diagnostic interviews. RESULTS:
Children who received an ICD-10 diagnosis but not a DSM-IV
diagnosis showed broadly similar levels of psychiatric
comorbidity, delinquent activity and psychosocial impairment
to those who met DSM-IV criteria in both cross-sectional and
longitudinal analyses. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate
that DSM-IV excludes from diagnosis children who receive an
ICD-10 diagnosis of CD (ODD sub-type), and who are
substantially disturbed. Methods of redressing this
situation are considered.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01420.x},
Key = {fds271650}
}
@article{fds271564,
Author = {Pine, DS and Costello, J and Masten, A},
Title = {Trauma, proximity, and developmental psychopathology: the
effects of war and terrorism on children.},
Journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},
Volume = {30},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1781-1792},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0893-133X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1300814},
Abstract = {This report summarizes recent literature relevant to the
effects of terrorism on children's mental health. The paper
addresses three aspects of this topic. In the first section
of the paper, data are reviewed concerning the relationships
among stress, trauma, and developmental psychopathology. A
particular emphasis is placed on associations with indirect
forms of trauma, given that terrorism involves high levels
of indirect trauma. Second, the paper delineates a set of
key principles to be considered when considering ways in
which the effects of terrorism on children's mental health
can be minimized. Third, data are reviewed from studies in
developmental psychobiology. These data are designed to
illustrate the mechanisms through which children exhibit
unique effects in the wake of traumatic circumstances.},
Doi = {10.1038/sj.npp.1300814},
Key = {fds271564}
}
@article{fds271647,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Egger, H and Angold, A},
Title = {10-year research update review: the epidemiology of child
and adolescent psychiatric disorders: I. Methods and public
health burden.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {44},
Number = {10},
Pages = {972-986},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16175102},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To review recent progress in child and adolescent
psychiatric epidemiology in the area of prevalence and
burden. METHOD: The literature published in the past decade
was reviewed under two headings: methods and findings.
RESULTS: Methods for assessing the prevalence and community
burden of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders have
improved dramatically in the past decade. There are now
available a broad range of interviews that generate DSM and
ICD diagnoses with good reliability and validity. Clinicians
and researchers can choose among interview styles
(respondent based, interviewer based, best estimate) and
methods of data collection (paper and pencil, computer
assisted, interviewer or self-completion) that best meet
their needs. Work is also in progress to develop brief
screens to identify children in need of more detailed
assessment, for use by teachers, pediatricians, and other
professionals. The median prevalence estimate of
functionally impairing child and adolescent psychiatric
disorders is 12%, although the range of estimates is wide.
Disorders that often appear first in childhood or
adolescence are among those ranked highest in the World
Health Organization's estimates of the global burden of
disease. CONCLUSIONS: There is mounting evidence that many,
if not most, lifetime psychiatric disorders will first
appear in childhood or adolescence. Methods are now
available to monitor youths and to make early intervention
feasible.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.chi.0000172552.41596.6f},
Key = {fds271647}
}
@article{fds271648,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Egger, HL and Angold, A},
Title = {The developmental epidemiology of anxiety disorders:
phenomenology, prevalence, and comorbidity.},
Journal = {Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North
America},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {631-vii},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1056-4993},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16171696},
Abstract = {This article argues that the quality of diagnostic tools
used to measure anxiety disorders in children and
adolescents has improved enormously in the past few years.
As a result, prevalence estimates are less erratic,
understanding of comorbidity is increasing, and the role of
impairment as a criterion for "caseness" is considered more
carefully. Several of the instruments developed for
epidemiologic research are now being used in clinical
settings. Further integration of laboratory methods and
clinical and epidemiologic ideas will benefit children with
anxiety disorders and their families.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chc.2005.06.003},
Key = {fds271648}
}
@article{fds271563,
Author = {Costello, J},
Title = {Editorial},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Pages = {337-338},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2005},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01455.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01455.x},
Key = {fds271563}
}
@article{fds271646,
Author = {Eaves, L and Silberg, J and Foley, D and Bulik, C and Maes, H and Erkanli,
A and Angold, A and Costello, EJ and Worthman, C},
Title = {Genetic and environmental influences on the relative timing
of pubertal change.},
Journal = {Twin Research : the Official Journal of the International
Society for Twin Studies},
Volume = {7},
Number = {5},
Pages = {471-481},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1369-0523},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15527663},
Abstract = {A multicategory item-response theory model was developed to
characterize developmental changes in three items relating
to the assessment of puberty in adolescent twin girls and
boys. The model allowed for the fixed effects of age on
probability of endorsing the responses and for the random
effects of individual differences on the timing of pubertal
changes relative to chronological age. In girls, the model
was applied three-wave data on twin pairs (N = 414 female
monozygotic [MZ] and 197 female dizygotic [DZ] pairs) and
female twins from boy-girl pairs (N = 300 twins) from the
Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development. In
boys, the data comprised 318 MZ and 185 DZ pairs and 297
male twins from boy-girl pairs. A total of 3172 and 2790
individual twin assessments were available in girls and
boys, respectively, spanning ages 8-17 years. The
availability of twin data allows the contributions of genes,
the shared environment and individual unique environmental
experiences to be resolved in the relative timing of
pubertal changes. Parameters of the mixed model including
fixed effects of age and random effects of genes and
environment were estimated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo
simulations using the BUGS algorithm for Gibbs sampling. The
estimated standard deviation of random differences in the
timing of puberty relative to age was 0.96 years in girls
and 1.01 years in boys. The estimated intraclass
correlations for the relative timing of pubertal changes
were 0.99 +/-0.01 in MZ girls, 0.52 +/-0.02 in DZ girls,
0.88 +/-0.04 in MZ boys and 0.44+/-0.02 in DZ boys,
indicating a very large contribution of genetic factors to
the relative timing of pubertal change in both sexes.
Additive genetic factors account for an estimated
96.3+/-3.3% of the total variance in random effects in girls
and 88.0+/-3.6% in boys. Shared environmental influences
account for 3.6+/-3.4% in girls and 0% in boys. In girls,
nonshared environmental effects explain 0.1+/-0.1% of the
total residual variance. The comparable figure in boys is
12.0+/-3.6%.},
Doi = {10.1375/1369052042335278},
Key = {fds271646}
}
@article{fds336064,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Erkanli, A and Keeler, G and Angold,
A},
Title = {Distant Trauma: A prospective study of the effects of
september 11th on young adults in North Carolina},
Journal = {Applied Developmental Science},
Volume = {8},
Number = {4},
Pages = {211-220},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s1532480xads0804_4},
Abstract = {In 2001, 730 young adults (aged 19–21) were given a
detailed assessment as part of an ongoing longitudinal,
epidemiological study of the development of psychiatric
disorders across childhood and adolescence. Each participant
had been interviewed up to 6 times previously, beginning in
1993. Parents were also interviewed until participants
reached 16 years old. By chance in 2001, two-thirds (475) of
the participants were interviewed before September 11, 2001;
and one-third (255) were interviewed afterward. This
provided an opportunity (a) to compare current
psychopathology in those interviewed before and after
September 11th, (b) to test whether September 11th acted as
an additional stressor, and (c) to examine the factors from
participants’ earlier lives that increased the impact of
September 11th. Substance use, and substance abuse disorder
(SUD), were significantly more prevalent after September
11th in women. Men interviewed after September 11th were
slightly more likely to have 1 or more symptoms of
posttraumatic stress disorder, but rates of SUD were
significantly lower. No other psychiatric disorders showed
an increase after September 11th. All psychiatric disorders
were more likely to occur in 2001 in those with a previous
history of the same diagnosis but only substance abuse in
women showed an interaction with September 11th. Overall
prevalence of SUD in men was lower after September 11th in
both those with and those without a previous history.
Examination of a range of risk factors that might predict
psychopathology following a trauma showed effects in those
with relatively low levels of previous risk, but not in
those at the highest levels of risk. This study of young
adults living some 500 miles from the events of September
11, 2001, on whom data were available both before and after
that date, suggests that the main effect was on drug abuse
and dependence. Drug use and abuse increased in women and
decreased in men. This finding is in line with earlier work
showing that some forms of psychiatric disorder can decrease
during times of civic crisis. September 11th served as an
additional stressor for those under low to moderate levels
of stress but did not affect those already under high
stress.},
Doi = {10.1207/s1532480xads0804_4},
Key = {fds336064}
}
@article{fds271645,
Author = {Sung, M and Erkanli, A and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Effects of age at first substance use and psychiatric
comorbidity on the development of substance use
disorders.},
Journal = {Drug and Alcohol Dependence},
Volume = {75},
Number = {3},
Pages = {287-299},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0376-8716},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15283950},
Abstract = {In this paper, we examine the effects of age at first
substance use, and history of psychiatric disorders, on the
development of substance use disorder (SUD) by age 16. We
use a prospective, longitudinal design to disaggregate the
effects of age at first use and time since first use on the
development of adolescent SUD. Second, we test the
hypothesis that adolescent SUD is an unlikely progression
from early substance use unless children also show other
early conduct problems. A population sample of 1,420
children from the Great Smoky Mountains Study (GSMS) was
assessed annually between ages 9 and 16. Logistic regression
models were applied within the hierarchical Bayesian
framework, where the covariate effects were described by
time-varying parameters having a first-order auto-regressive
prior distribution. Posterior analyses based on a Gibbs
sampling approach revealed that, controlling for years of
exposure, the risk of transition to SUD increased with age
at onset for onsets before age 13, but began to fall for
onset at 14. Among users, use alone, without early conduct
problems, led to a 11% prevalence of SUD by age 16. Past
conduct disorder (CD) had a strong additive effect at ages
13-15, but at age 16, when substance use and abuse became
more normative, the excess risk from prior CD decreased.
Boys, but not girls, with a history of depression were at
increased risk of SUD. Anxiety increased the risk of SUD in
girls at age 16, but not before that. Results only partially
support the study hypothesis; early use was a major
predictor of adolescent SUD even in the absence of
CD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.03.013},
Key = {fds271645}
}
@article{fds271562,
Author = {Costello, J},
Title = {Editorial},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {45},
Number = {5},
Pages = {897-898},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.t01-1-00283.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.t01-1-00283.x},
Key = {fds271562}
}
@article{fds271643,
Author = {Rowe, R and Maughan, B and Worthman, CM and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Testosterone, antisocial behavior, and social dominance in
boys: pubertal development and biosocial
interaction.},
Journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
Volume = {55},
Number = {5},
Pages = {546-552},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.10.010},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Studies linking testosterone and antisocial
behavior in humans have produced mixed results. Adolescence
offers a promising period to study this relationship;
circulating testosterone increases dramatically in boys
during puberty, and antisocial behavior increases during the
same period. METHODS: Our analyses were based on boys aged
9-15 years who were interviewed during the first three waves
of the Great Smoky Mountains Study. Measures included
interview assessment of DSM-IV conduct disorder (CD)
symptoms and diagnosis, blood spot measurement of
testosterone, Tanner staging of pubertal development, and
assessment of leadership behaviors and peer deviance.
RESULTS: The adolescent rise in CD was primarily
attributable to an increase in nonphysically aggressive
behaviors. Increasing levels of circulating testosterone and
association with deviant peers contributed to these age
trends. There was no evidence that physical aggression was
related to high testosterone. Evidence of biosocial
interactions was identified; testosterone was related to
nonaggressive CD symptoms in boys with deviant peers and to
leadership in boys with nondeviant peers. CONCLUSIONS: The
results are consistent with the hypothesis that testosterone
relates to social dominance, with the assumption that
behaviors associated with dominance differ according to
social context.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.10.010},
Key = {fds271643}
}
@article{fds271644,
Author = {Case, B},
Title = {Effect of poverty on emotional symptoms in
children.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {291},
Number = {4},
Pages = {424},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.291.4.424-a},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.291.4.424-a},
Key = {fds271644}
}
@article{fds271641,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Compton, SN and Keeler, G and Angold,
A},
Title = {Relationships between poverty and psychopathology: a natural
experiment.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {290},
Number = {15},
Pages = {2023-2029},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14559956},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Social causation (adversity and stress) vs social
selection (downward mobility from familial liability to
mental illness) are competing theories about the origins of
mental illness. OBJECTIVE: To test the role of social
selection vs social causation of childhood psychopathology
using a natural experiment. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental,
longitudinal study. POPULATION AND SETTING: A representative
population sample of 1420 rural children aged 9 to 13 years
at intake were given annual psychiatric assessments for 8
years (1993-2000). One quarter of the sample were American
Indian, and the remaining were predominantly white. Halfway
through the study, a casino opening on the Indian
reservation gave every American Indian an income supplement
that increased annually. This increase moved 14% of study
families out of poverty, while 53% remained poor, and 32%
were never poor. Incomes of non-Indian families were
unaffected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Levels of Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition,
psychiatric symptoms in the never-poor, persistently poor,
and ex-poor children were compared for the 4 years before
and after the casino opened. RESULTS: Before the casino
opened, the persistently poor and ex-poor children had more
psychiatric symptoms (4.38 and 4.28, respectively) than the
never-poor children (2.75), but after the opening levels
among the ex-poor fell to those of the never-poor children,
while levels among those who were persistently poor remained
high (odds ratio, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.09;
and odds ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.77-1.07,
respectively). The effect was specific to symptoms of
conduct and oppositional defiant disorders. Anxiety and
depression symptoms were unaffected. Similar results were
found in non-Indian children whose families moved out of
poverty during the same period. CONCLUSIONS: An income
intervention that moved families out of poverty for reasons
that cannot be ascribed to family characteristics had a
major effect on some types of children's psychiatric
disorders, but not on others. Results support a social
causation explanation for conduct and oppositional disorder,
but not for anxiety or depression.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.290.15.2023},
Key = {fds271641}
}
@article{fds271642,
Author = {Epstein, JN and Erkanli, A and Conners, CK and Klaric, J and Costello,
JE and Angold, A},
Title = {Relations between Continuous Performance Test performance
measures and ADHD behaviors.},
Journal = {Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology},
Volume = {31},
Number = {5},
Pages = {543-554},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0091-0627},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14561061},
Abstract = {The Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CPT) is a
neuropsychological task that has repeatedly been shown to
differentiate ADHD from normal groups. Several variables may
be derived from the Conners' CPT including errors of
omission and commission, mean hit reaction time(RT), mean
hit RT standard error, d', and beta. What each CPT parameter
actually assesses has largely been based upon clinical
assumptions and the face validity of each measure (e.g.,
omission errors measure inattention, commission errors
measure impulsivity). This study attempts to examine
relations between various CPT variables and phenotypic
behaviors so as to better understand the various CPT
variables. An epidemiological sample of 817 children was
administered the Conners' CPT. Diagnostic interviews were
conducted with parents to determine ADHD symptom profiles
for all children. Children diagnosed with ADHD had more
variable RTs, made more errors of commission and omission,
and demonstrated poorer perceptual sensitivity than
nondiagnosed children. Regarding specific symptoms,
generalized estimating equations (GEE) and ANCOVAs were
conducted to determine specific relationships between the 18
DSM-IV ADHD symptoms and 6 CPT parameters. CPT performance
measures demonstrated significant relationships to ADHD
symptoms but did not demonstrate symptom domain specificity
according to a priori assumptions. Overall performance on
the two signal detection measures, d' and beta, was highly
related to all ADHD symptoms across symptom domains.
Further, increased variability in RTs over time was related
to most ADHD symptoms. Finally, it appears that at least 1
CPT variable, mean hit RT, is minimally related to ADHD
symptoms as a whole, but does demonstrate some specificity
in its link with symptoms of hyperactivity.},
Doi = {10.1023/a:1025405216339},
Key = {fds271642}
}
@article{fds271640,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Mustillo, S and Erkanli, A and Keeler, G and Angold,
A},
Title = {Prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders in
childhood and adolescence.},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {60},
Number = {8},
Pages = {837-844},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12912767},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: This longitudinal community study assessed the
prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders from age
9 through 16 years and examined homotypic and heterotypic
continuity. METHODS: A representative population sample of
1420 children aged 9 to 13 years at intake were assessed
annually for DSM-IV disorders until age 16 years. RESULTS:
Although 3-month prevalence of any disorder averaged 13.3%
(95% confidence interval [CI], 11.7%-15.0%), during the
study period 36.7% of participants (31% of girls and 42% of
boys) had at least 1 psychiatric disorder. Some disorders
(social anxiety, panic, depression, and substance abuse)
increased in prevalence, whereas others, including
separation anxiety disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD), decreased. Lagged analyses showed that
children with a history of psychiatric disorder were 3 times
more likely than those with no previous disorder to have a
diagnosis at any subsequent wave (odds ratio, 3.7; 95% CI,
2.9-4.9; P<.001). Risk from a previous diagnosis was high
among both girls and boys, but it was significantly higher
among girls. Continuity of the same disorder (homotypic) was
significant for all disorders except specific phobias.
Continuity from one diagnosis to another (heterotypic) was
significant from depression to anxiety and anxiety to
depression, from ADHD to oppositional defiant disorder, and
from anxiety and conduct disorder to substance abuse. Almost
all the heterotypic continuity was seen in girls.
CONCLUSIONS: The risk of having at least 1 psychiatric
disorder by age 16 years is much higher than point estimates
would suggest. Concurrent comorbidity and homotypic and
heterotypic continuity are more marked in girls than in
boys.},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.837},
Key = {fds271640}
}
@article{fds271639,
Author = {Egger, HL and Costello, EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {School refusal and psychiatric disorders: a community
study.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {42},
Number = {7},
Pages = {797-807},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12819439},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between anxious school
refusal and truancy and psychiatric disorders in a community
sample of children and adolescents using a descriptive
rather than etiological definition of school refusal.
METHOD: Data from eight annual waves of structured
psychiatric interviews with 9- to 16-year-olds and their
parents from the Great Smoky Mountains Study were analyzed.
RESULTS: Pure anxious school refusal was associated with
depression (odds ratio [OR] = 13, 95% confidence interval
[CI] 3.4, 42) and separation anxiety disorder (OR = 8.7, 95%
CI 4.1, 19). Pure truancy was associated with oppositional
defiant disorder (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.2, 4.2), conduct
disorder (OR = 7.4, 95% CI 3.9, 14), and depression (OR =
2.6, 95% CI 1.2, 56). Of mixed school refusers (children
with both anxious school refusal and truancy), 88.2% had a
psychiatric disorder. They had increased rates of both
emotional and behavior disorders. Specific fears, sleep
difficulties, somatic complaints, difficulties in peer
relationships, and adverse psychosocial variables had
different associations with the three types of school
refusal. CONCLUSIONS: Anxious school refusal and truancy are
distinct but not mutually exclusive and are significantly
associated with psychopathology, as well as adverse
experiences at home and school. Implications of these
findings for assessment, identification, and intervention
for school refusal are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.CHI.0000046865.56865.79},
Key = {fds271639}
}
@article{fds271638,
Author = {Mustillo, S and Worthman, C and Erkanli, A and Keeler, G and Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Obesity and psychiatric disorder: developmental
trajectories.},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {111},
Number = {4 Pt 1},
Pages = {851-859},
Publisher = {American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)},
Year = {2003},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.111.4.851},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To identify age-related trajectories of obesity
from childhood into adolescence, and to test the association
of these trajectories with the development of psychiatric
disorders (conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder,
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, substance abuse,
depression, and anxiety). METHODS: White children (N = 991)
9 to 16 years old from the Great Smoky Mountains Study, a
representative sample of rural youth, were evaluated
annually over an 8-year period for height, weight,
psychiatric disorder, and vulnerabilities for psychiatric
disorder. Longitudinal analyses on the repeated measures
data were conducted using developmental trajectory models
and generalized estimating equation models. RESULTS: Obesity
was 3 to 4 times more common than expected from national
rates using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000
criteria. Four developmental trajectories of obesity were
found: no obesity (73%), chronic obesity (15%), childhood
obesity (5%), and adolescent obesity (7%). Only chronic
obesity was associated with psychiatric disorder:
oppositional defiant disorder in boys and girls and
depressive disorders in boys. CONCLUSIONS: In a general
population sample studied longitudinally, chronic obesity
was associated with psychopathology.},
Doi = {10.1542/peds.111.4.851},
Key = {fds271638}
}
@article{fds271637,
Author = {Farmer, EMZ and Burns, BJ and Phillips, SD and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Pathways into and through mental health services for
children and adolescents.},
Journal = {Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {60-66},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1075-2730},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12509668},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examined points of entry into the
mental health service system for children and adolescents as
well as patterns of movement through five service sectors:
specialty mental health services, education, general
medicine, juvenile justice, and child welfare. METHODS: The
data were from the Great Smoky Mountains Study, a
longitudinal epidemiologic study of mental health problems
and service use among youths. The sample consisted of 1,420
youths who were nine, 11, or 13 years old at study entry.
Each youth and a parent were interviewed at baseline and
every year thereafter about the use of services for mental
health problems over the three-year study period. RESULTS:
Population estimates indicated that 54 percent of youths
have used mental health services at some time during their
lives. The education sector was the most common point of
entry and provider of services across all age groups. The
specialty mental health sector was the second most common
point of entry for youths up to age 13 years, and juvenile
justice was the second most common point of entry for youths
between the ages of 14 and 16. Youths who entered the mental
health system through the specialty mental health sector
were the most likely to subsequently receive services from
other sectors, and those who entered through the education
sector were the least likely to do so. CONCLUSIONS: The
education sector plays a central role as a point of entry
into the mental health system. Interagency collaboration
among three primary sectors-education, specialty mental
health services, and general medicine-is critical to
ensuring that youths who are in need of mental health care
receive appropriate services.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ps.54.1.60},
Key = {fds271637}
}
@article{fds271561,
Author = {Armstrong, TD and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Community studies on adolescent substance use, abuse, or
dependence and psychiatric comorbidity.},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {70},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1224-1239},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12472299},
Abstract = {A literature review on community studies of adolescent
substance use, abuse, or dependence (SU/AID) and psychiatric
comorbidity yielded 22 articles from 15 studies with
information on rates, specificity, timing, and differential
patterns of comorbidity by gender, race/ethnicity, and other
factors. Results revealed that 60% of youths with SU/A/D had
a comorbid diagnosis, and conduct disorder (CD) and
oppositional defiant disorder (not attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder) were most commonly associated with SU/A/D,
followed by depression. Child psychopathology (particularly
CD) was associated with early onset of substance use and
abuse in later adolescence. The authors suggest that
available data relevant to SU/A/D and psychiatric
comorbidity can be used to better address such
questions.},
Doi = {10.1037//0022-006x.70.6.1224},
Key = {fds271561}
}
@article{fds271635,
Author = {Angold, A and Erkanli, A and Silberg, J and Eaves, L and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Depression scale scores in 8-17-year-olds: effects of age
and gender.},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {43},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1052-1063},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12455926},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The excess of unipolar depression in females
emerges in adolescence. However, studies of age effects on
depression scale scores have produced divergent estimates of
changes from childhood to adolescence. METHOD: We explored
possible reasons for this discrepancy in two large,
longitudinal samples of twins and singletons aged 8-17.
RESULTS: There were no differences between twins and
singletons in their scores on the Short Mood and Feelings
Questionnaire (SMFQ), a 13-item self-report depression
scale. SMFQ scores for boys fell over this age-range, while
those for girls fell from age 9 to age 11 and then increased
from age 12 to age 17. The mean scores of girls under 12 and
those 12 and over differed by only around one-fifth of a
standard deviation. However, given the non-normal
distribution of the scores, a cut point that selected the
upper 6% of scores created the expected female:male ratio of
2:1. CONCLUSIONS: Implications for future research on
adolescent depression are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1111/1469-7610.00232},
Key = {fds271635}
}
@article{fds271636,
Author = {Angold, A and Erkanli, A and Farmer, EMZ and Fairbank, JA and Burns, BJ and Keeler, G and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Psychiatric disorder, impairment, and service use in rural
African American and white youth.},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {59},
Number = {10},
Pages = {893-901},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12365876},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Caring for Children in the Community Study
examined the prevalence of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders and
correlates of mental health service use in rural African
American and white youth. METHODS: Four thousand five
hundred youth aged 9 to 17 years from 4 North Carolina
counties were randomly selected from school databases.
Parents completed telephone questionnaires about their
children's behavior problems. A second-stage sample of 1302
was identified for recruitment into the interview phase of
the study, and 920 (70.7%) of these were successfully
interviewed at home using the Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Assessment and related measures of service use.
RESULTS: Weighted back to general population estimates,
21.1% of youth had 1 or more DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in
the past 3 months. Prevalence was similar in African
American (20.5%) and white (21.9%) youth. The only ethnic
difference was an excess of depressive disorders in white
youth (4.6% vs 1.4%). Thirteen percent of participants
(36.0% of those with a diagnosis) received mental health
care in the past 3 months. White youth were more likely than
African American youth to use specialty mental health
services (6.1% vs 3.2%), but services provided by schools
showed very little ethnic disparity (8.6% vs 9.2%). The
effect of children's symptoms on their parents was the
strongest correlate of specialty mental health care.
CONCLUSIONS: In this rural sample, African American and
white youth were equally likely to have psychiatric
disorders, but African Americans were less likely to use
specialty mental health services. School services provided
care to the largest number of youths of both ethnic
groups.},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.59.10.893},
Key = {fds271636}
}
@article{fds271560,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Pine, DS and Hammen, C and March, JS and Plotsky, PM and Weissman, MM and Biederman, J and Goldsmith, HH and Kaufman, J and Lewinsohn, PM and Hellander, M and Hoagwood, K and Koretz, DS and Nelson, CA and Leckman, JF},
Title = {Development and natural history of mood disorders.},
Journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
Volume = {52},
Number = {6},
Pages = {529-542},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0006-3223},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12361667},
Abstract = {To expand and accelerate research on mood disorders, the
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) developed a
project to formulate a strategic research plan for mood
disorder research. One of the areas selected for review
concerns the development and natural history of these
disorders. The NIMH convened a multidisciplinary Workgroup
of scientists to review the field and the NIMH portfolio and
to generate specific recommendations. To encourage a
balanced and creative set of proposals, experts were
included within and outside this area of research, as well
as public stakeholders. The Workgroup identified the need
for expanded knowledge of mood disorders in children and
adolescents, noting important gaps in understanding the
onset, course, and recurrence of early-onset unipolar and
bipolar disorder. Recommendations included the need for a
multidisciplinary research initiative on the pathogenesis of
unipolar depression encompassing genetic and environmental
risk and protective factors. Specifically, we encourage the
NIMH to convene a panel of experts and advocates to review
the findings concerning children at high risk for unipolar
depression. Joint analyses of existing data sets should
examine specific risk factors to refine models of
pathogenesis in preparation for the next era of
multidisciplinary research. Other priority areas include the
need to assess the long-term impact of successful treatment
of juvenile depression and known precursors of depression,
in particular, childhood anxiety disorders. Expanded
knowledge of pediatric-onset bipolar disorder was identified
as a particularly pressing issue because of the severity of
the disorder, the controversies surrounding its diagnosis
and treatment, and the possibility that widespread use of
psychotropic medications in vulnerable children may
precipitate the condition. The Workgroup recommends that the
NIMH establish a collaborative multisite multidisciplinary
Network of Research Programs on Pediatric-Onset Bipolar
Disorder to achieve a better understanding of its causes,
course, treatment, and prevention. The NIMH should develop a
capacity-building plan to ensure the availability of trained
investigators in the child and adolescent field. Mood
disorders are among the most prevalent, recurrent, and
disabling of all illnesses. They are often disorders of
early onset. Although the NIMH has made important strides in
mood disorders research, more data, beginning with at-risk
infants, children, and adolescents, are needed concerning
the etiology and developmental course of these disorders. A
diverse program of multidisciplinary research is recommended
to reduce the burden on children and families affected with
these conditions.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01372-0},
Key = {fds271560}
}
@article{fds271633,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Erkanli, A and Fairbank, JA and Angold,
A},
Title = {The prevalence of potentially traumatic events in childhood
and adolescence.},
Journal = {Journal of Traumatic Stress},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {99-112},
Year = {2002},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0894-9867},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12013070},
Abstract = {This paper examines exposure to potentially traumatic events
from middle childhood through adolescence, and vulnerability
to such exposure. Analyses are based on the first 4 annual
waves of data from a longitudinal general population study
of youth in western North Carolina, involving 4,965
interviews with 1,420 children and adolescents and their
parents or guardians. Participants reported on DSM extreme
stressors ("high magnitude events"), other potentially
traumatic events ("low magnitude events"), and background
vulnerability factors. In this general population sample,
one-quarter experienced at least one high magnitude event by
age 16, 6% within the past 3 months. One third experienced a
low magnitude event in the past 3 months. The likelihood of
such exposure increased with the number of vulnerability
factors.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1014851823163},
Key = {fds271633}
}
@article{fds271634,
Author = {Rowe, R and Maughan, B and Pickles, A and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {The relationship between DSM-IV oppositional defiant
disorder and conduct disorder: findings from the Great Smoky
Mountains Study.},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {365-373},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00027},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: We examine models of the relationship between
oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder
(CD) in a community sample. Particular attention is paid to
the generalisability of findings based on clinic-referred
boys. METHODS: The analyses were based on four waves of data
from the Great Smoky Mountains Study covering children in
the community aged 9-16 years. Child and parent reports of
DSM-IV symptoms, diagnoses, and a range of family and
environmental adversities were collected using the Child and
Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment. RESULTS: Cross-sectional
analyses indicated that CD and ODD largely shared similar
correlates, although some aspects of parenting appeared more
related to CD than ODD. This pattern was broadly similar in
boys and girls. Longitudinal analyses confirmed that ODD was
a strong risk factor for CD in boys and there was a
suggestion that ODD was a stronger risk factor for CD than
for other common disorders. Atypical family structure was an
important factor in the transition between ODD and CD in
boys. In girls ODD provided no increased risk for later CD
but was associated with increased risk for continued ODD,
depression, and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: These results are more
consistent with a developmental relationship between ODD and
CD in boys than girls.},
Doi = {10.1111/1469-7610.00027},
Key = {fds271634}
}
@article{fds271631,
Author = {Ezpeleta, L and Keeler, G and Erkanli, A and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Epidemiology of psychiatric disability in childhood and
adolescence.},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {42},
Number = {7},
Pages = {901-914},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11693585},
Abstract = {The goal of the study was to ascertain the factor structure
and prevalence of psychiatric disability in children and
adolescents in relation to demographic variables and
diagnosis. A representative sample of 1,420 children (9-13
years) from 11 countries in North Carolina was followed for
up to 6 years. Children and caretakers were interviewed with
the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment, which
generates DSM-IV diagnoses and includes a measure of
disability secondary to psychological symptoms. Three broad
areas of disability were identified (relating to family,
school, and peers). School disabilities were more common in
boys than girls. while the reverse was true of family
disability. Effects of age were complex, and partially
gender-differentiated. Children from minority ethnic groups
had a higher overall prevalence of school disabilities, and
were more prone than Whites to the disabling effects of
disruptive behavior disorders. Anxiety disorders were as
likely to result in disability as depressive disorders, and
oppositional defiant disorders were more strongly associated
with disability in some areas than was conduct disorder. The
areas where disability is manifested are different depending
on race, gender, age, and the type of disorder suffered. The
implications of these findings for nosology and prevention
are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1111/1469-7610.00786},
Key = {fds271631}
}
@article{fds271558,
Author = {Kaplow, JB and Curran, PJ and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {The prospective relation between dimensions of anxiety and
the initiation of adolescent alcohol use.},
Journal = {Journal of Clinical Child Psychology},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {316-326},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0047-228X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11501249},
Abstract = {Examined the relation between early anxiety symptomatology
(generalized and separation) and initiation of alcohol use 4
years later in an epidemiological sample of 936 children
(45% girls), assessed at ages 9, 11, and 13, while
controlling for the effects of depression. Although earlier
overall anxiety symptomatology was unrelated to later onset
of drinking, children with early symptoms of generalized
anxiety were found to be at increased risk for initiation of
alcohol use, whereas children with early symptoms of
separation anxiety were at decreased risk. The magnitude of
these relations was equally strong for boys and girls. In
addition, early depressive symptomatology was associated
with increased risk for initiation of alcohol use in
adolescence. Results indicate that it is important to
consider specific dimensions of anxiety symptomatology when
attempting to identify those individuals at risk for early
initiation of alcohol use.},
Doi = {10.1207/S15374424JCCP3003_4},
Key = {fds271558}
}
@article{fds271630,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Keeler, GP and Angold, A},
Title = {Poverty, race/ethnicity, and psychiatric disorder: a study
of rural children.},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {91},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1494-1498},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11527787},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effect of poverty on the
prevalence of psychiatric disorder in rural Black and White
children. METHODS: A representative sample of 541 Black
children and 379 White children aged 9 to 17 was drawn from
4 predominantly rural counties. Structured interviews with
parents and children collected information on psychiatric
disorders, absolute and relative poverty, and risk factors
for psychiatric disorder. RESULTS: Three-month prevalence of
psychiatric disorder was similar to that found in other
community samples (20%). Federal criteria for poverty were
met by 18% of the White and 52% of the Black families. Black
and White children were exposed to equal numbers of risk
factors overall, but the association between poverty and
psychopathology was stronger for White children (odds ratio
[OR] = 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1, 4.2) than
for Black children (OR = 1.5; 95% CI = 0.9, 2.6). Family
history of mental illness, poor parenting, and residential
instability mediated this association in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS: In this rural sample, poverty was only weakly
associated with child psychiatric disorders. Risk factors
for both racial/ethnic groups were family mental illness,
multiple moves, lack of parental warmth, lax supervision,
and harsh punishment.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.91.9.1494},
Key = {fds271630}
}
@article{fds271559,
Author = {Horwitz, SM and Hoagwood, K and Stiffman, AR and Summerfeld, T and Weisz, JR and Costello, EJ and Rost, K and Bean, DL and Cottler, L and Leaf, PJ and Roper, M and Norquist, G},
Title = {Reliability of the services assessment for children and
adolescents.},
Journal = {Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {52},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1088-1094},
Year = {2001},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.52.8.1088},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examined the test-retest reliability
of a new instrument, the Services Assessment for Children
and Adolescents (SACA), for children's use of mental health
services. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken
at two sites. The St. Louis site used a volunteer sample
recruited from mental health clinics and local schools. The
Ventura County, California, site used a double-blind,
community-based sample seeded with cases of service-using
children. Participating families completed the SACA and were
retested within four to 14 days. The reliability of service
use items was calculated with use of the kappa statistic.
RESULTS: The SACA- Parent Version had excellent test-retest
reliability for both lifetime service use and previous
12-month use. The SACA also had good to excellent
reliability when administered to children aged 11 and older
for lifetime and 12-month use. Reliability figures for
children aged nine and ten years were considerably lower for
lifetime and 12-month use. The younger children's responses
suggested that they were confused about some questions.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that parents and older
children can reliably report use of mental health services
by using the SACA. The SACA can be used to collect currently
unavailable information about use of mental health
services.},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ps.52.8.1088},
Key = {fds271559}
}
@article{fds271632,
Author = {Farmer, EMZ and Burns, BJ and Chapman, MV and Phillips, SD and Angold,
A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Use of mental health services by youth in contact with
social services},
Journal = {Social Service Review},
Volume = {75},
Number = {4},
Pages = {604-624},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/323165},
Abstract = {This article compares mental health service need and use
among three groups of children: those with a history of
foster care placement, those in contact with departments of
social services but never in placement, and those from
impoverished families who have not been in contact with
social services. Data come from a longitudinal epidemiologic
study of mental health problems and service use. All three
groups show very high rates of mental health problems, but
children in foster are or in contact with social services
are significantly more likely than children living in
poverty to receive mental health services.},
Doi = {10.1086/323165},
Key = {fds271632}
}
@article{fds271625,
Author = {Willoughby, MT and Curran, PJ and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Implications of early versus late onset of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
symptoms.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {39},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1512-1519},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200012000-00013},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The current diagnostic criteria for
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) require that
symptoms emerge prior to age 7 in order for a formal
diagnosis to be considered. However, this age-of-onset
criterion (AOC) has recently been questioned on both
theoretical and empirical grounds. METHOD: Data from 4
annual waves of interviews with 9- to 16-year-olds from the
Great Smoky Mountains Study were analyzed. RESULTS:
Confirming previous studies, a majority of youths who had
enough symptoms to meet criteria for ADHD were reported to
have first exhibited these symptoms prior to age 7. Early
onset of ADHD symptoms was associated with worse clinical
outcomes in youths with the combined subtype of ADHD but not
youths with the inattentive subtype. CONCLUSIONS: Findings
support the continued inclusion of the AOC for the
assessment of the combined but not necessarily the
inattentive subtype of ADHD. Too few youths had a late onset
of solely hyperactive-impulsive symptoms to evaluate the AOC
for that group. However, regardless of the age of onset,
youths who had elevated levels of ADHD symptoms were at
increased risk for negative outcomes that may necessitate
intervention.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-200012000-00013},
Key = {fds271625}
}
@article{fds271624,
Author = {Angold, A and Erkanli, A and Egger, HL and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Stimulant treatment for children: a community
perspective.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {39},
Number = {8},
Pages = {975-984},
Year = {2000},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10939226},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the use of prescribed stimulants in
relation to research diagnoses of attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a community sample of
children. METHOD: Data from 4 annual waves of interviews
with 9- to 16-year-olds from the Great Smoky Mountains Study
were analyzed. RESULTS: Over a 4-year period, almost three
quarters of children with an unequivocal diagnosis of ADHD
received stimulant medications. However, girls and older
children with ADHD were less likely to receive such
treatment. Most children with impairing ADHD symptoms not
meeting full criteria for DSM-III-R ADHD did not receive
stimulant treatment. Stimulant treatment in this group was
significantly related to the level of symptoms reported by
parents and teachers and was much more common in individuals
who met criteria for oppositional defiant disorder. The
majority of individuals who received stimulants were never
reported by their parents to have any impairing ADHD
symptoms. They did have higher levels of nonimpairing
parent-reported ADHD symptoms, higher levels of
teacher-reported ADHD symptoms, and interviewer-observed
ADHD behaviors, but these typically fell far below the
threshold for a DSM-III-R diagnosis of ADHD. CONCLUSIONS: In
this area of the Great Smoky Mountains, stimulant treatment
was being used in ways substantially inconsistent with
current diagnostic guidelines.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-200008000-00009},
Key = {fds271624}
}
@article{fds271626,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ and Burns, BJ and Erkanli, A and Farmer,
EM},
Title = {Effectiveness of nonresidential specialty mental health
services for children and adolescents in the "real
world".},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {154-160},
Year = {2000},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10673824},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Although many studies demonstrate the efficacy of
a variety of treatments for child and adolescent psychiatric
disorders, studies showing the effectiveness of such
treatments in ordinary clinical settings have not been
forthcoming. This report presents a study of the
effectiveness of outpatient treatment in a community sample
of 9- to 16-year-olds. METHOD: Four annual waves of data
were collected from a representative sample of 1,422
children and their parents in the southeastern United
States. Interviews were conducted with the Child and
Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment to determine clinical
status and the Child and Adolescent impact Assessment to
measure the impact of psychiatric disorder on the lives of
the children's families. RESULTS: Treated individuals were
more severely disturbed and showed deterioration in their
clinical status, even before they received treatment,
indicating that comparisons with untreated individuals
required controls not only for pretreatment clinical status,
but for pretreatment clinical trajectory. A significant
dose-response relationship was found between the number of
specialty mental health treatment sessions received and
improvement in symptoms at follow-up. However, no effect of
treatment on secondary psychosocial impairment or parental
impact was identified. CONCLUSIONS: Child and adolescent
outpatient psychiatric treatment has positive effects on
psychiatric symptoms, even when conducted outside the
academic units where efficacy research usually takes place.
The dose of treatment required to produce such effects (more
than 8 sessions) suggests that attempts to limit child
psychiatric treatment to very short-term interventions may
be counterproductive.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-200002000-00013},
Key = {fds271626}
}
@article{fds271627,
Author = {Maughan, B and Pickles, A and Rowe, R and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Developmental Trajectories of Aggressive and Non-Aggressive
Conduct Problems},
Journal = {Journal of Quantitative Criminology},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {199-221},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007516622688},
Abstract = {Modeling the heterogeneous trajectories along which
antisocial behavior develops in childhood and adolescence
may contribute in important ways to understanding
antecedents of offending in adult life. This paper examines
the development of aggressive and non-aggressive conduct
problems in the Great Smoky Mountains Study of Youth, a
longitudinal study in the southeastern United States.
Aggressive and non-aggressive conduct problems of clinical
severity, police contact and arrest, and family and
environmental correlates were assessed in four annual
interviews for 789 boys and 630 girls aged 9-13 at first
interview. The best fitting latent class model identified
three developmental trajectories: stable low problem levels,
stable high problem levels, and declining levels of conduct
problems, for both aggressive and non-aggressive behaviors.
Boys were over-represented in the stable high trajectory
class on the aggressive trajectory, but sex differences in
non-aggressive trajectories were less marked. The overlap
between aggressive and non-aggressive trajectory classes was
quite limited. Both classifications showed strong
associations with risks of police contact and arrest in
early adolescence, and with measures of family adversity.
The results are discussed in relation to developmental
models of conduct disorder and delinquency.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1007516622688},
Key = {fds271627}
}
@article{fds271629,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment
(CAPA).},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1},
Pages = {39-48},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10638066},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric
Assessment (CAPA). The base interview covers the age range
from 9 to 17 years. METHOD: The interview glossary that
provides detailed operational definitions of symptoms and
severity ratings is described, and psychometric data and
further developments of the interview are presented.
RESULTS: Across 5,962 parent-child interviews, the core
sections of the CAPA (psychiatric symptoms, functional
impairment, demographics, family structure and functioning)
took on average 59 minutes for children and 66 minutes for
parents. Test-retest reliability for diagnoses ranged from
kappa = 0.55 for conduct disorder (CD) to kappa = 1.0 for
substance abuse/dependence. Validity as judged by 10
different criteria was good. Developments of the CAPA
include a shorter "gateway" version using core symptoms as
screen items, a Spanish version, and versions for twin
studies, use with young adults (YAPA), and preschool-age
children (PAPA). CONCLUSIONS: There is a place in both
research and clinical settings for a rigorously
operationalized interview (such as the CAPA) that focuses on
ensuring that respondents understand what is being asked and
on clearly defining levels of symptom severity and
functional impairment.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-200001000-00015},
Key = {fds271629}
}
@article{fds271623,
Author = {McDade, TW and Stallings, JF and Angold, A and Costello, EJ and Burleson, M and Cacioppo, JT and Glaser, R and Worthman,
CM},
Title = {Epstein-Barr virus antibodies in whole blood spots: a
minimally invasive method for assessing an aspect of
cell-mediated immunity.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {62},
Number = {4},
Pages = {560-567},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006842-200007000-00015},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Study 1: Introduce and validate a method for
measuring EBV p18-VCA antibodies in whole blood spots to
provide a minimally invasive marker of cell-mediated immune
function. Study 2: Apply this method to a large
community-based study of psychopathology in children and
adolescents. METHODS: The EBV antibody method was evaluated
through analysis of precision, reliability, stability, and
comparisons with plasma and indirect immunofluorescence
methods. The effects of life events on p18-VCA antibody
level were considered in a subsample of 9, 11, and 13
year-old children participating in the Great Smoky Mountains
Study in North Carolina. The subsample was stratified by
age, sex, and degree of overall life strain. RESULTS: Dried
blood spots provided a convenient, sensitive, precise, and
reliable method for measuring EBV p18-VCA antibody titer.
Life events were positively associated with p18-VCA
antibodies in girls but not in boys. CONCLUSIONS: The
validity of the blood spot EBV p18-VCA antibody assay, as
well as the ease of sample collection, storage, and
transportation, may provide an opportunity for
psychoneuroimmunology to explore a wider range of stress
models in larger, community-based studies.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-200007000-00015},
Key = {fds271623}
}
@article{fds271628,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {Developmental psychopathology and public health: past,
present, and future.},
Journal = {Development and Psychopathology},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {599-618},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0954-5794},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11202035},
Abstract = {Children's healthy mental development has never been the
focus of long-term, committed public health policy in the
way that early physical health and development have been. We
discuss four types of societal response to illness-cure,
care, control, and prevention--and trace the history of
public health in terms of its special responsibility to
control and prevent disease. We identify four periods in the
history of public health: the Sanitarian era (up to 1850),
the Bacterial era (1850-1950), the Behavioral era
(1950-present), and the Communitarian era (the next
century). Looking at this history from the viewpoint of the
developmental psychopathology of the first 2 decades of
life, we trace progress in public health responses to
children with mental illness, from a philosophy of control
by isolation toward one of preventive intervention. We
examine primary, or universal, prevention strategies that
have been tried, and we suggest some that might be worth
reconsidering.},
Doi = {10.1017/s095457940000403x},
Key = {fds271628}
}
@article{fds271557,
Author = {Erkanli, A and Soyer, R and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Bayesian inference for prevalence in longitudinal two-phase
studies.},
Journal = {Biometrics},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1145-1150},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0006-341X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11315060},
Abstract = {We consider Bayesian inference and model selection for
prevalence estimation using a longitudinal two-phase design
in which subjects initially receive a low-cost screening
test followed by an expensive diagnostic test conducted on
several occasions. The change in the subject's diagnostic
probability over time is described using four mixed-effects
probit models in which the subject-specific effects are
captured by latent variables. The computations are performed
using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. These models are
then compared using the deviance information criterion. The
methodology is illustrated with an analysis of alcohol and
drug use in adolescents using data from the Great Smoky
Mountains Study.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.0006-341x.1999.01145.x},
Key = {fds271557}
}
@article{fds271615,
Author = {Canino, G and Costello, EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {Assessing Functional Impairment and Social Adaptation for
Child Mental Health Services Research: A Review of
Measures},
Journal = {Mental Health Services Research},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {93-108},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1522-3434},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022334303731},
Abstract = {The need for assessing impairment in functioning as an
integral part of child mental health services research is
discussed. Methodologic difficulties related to problems in
case definition, the conceptual definition of impairment and
social adaptation, and the assessment of the construct
across cultures are also addressed. In addition, a critical
review of existing child impairment measures with published
psychometric properties is presented. The measures are
divided into three types: measures of global impairment,
domain-specific measures, and symptom-specific measures. The
paper concludes that the choice of the measure to use in
health services research needs to be determined according to
the main goals of the study, the population in which the
instrument is going to be used, and the interviewer's
knowledge of the child. Other characteristics of the
measures of impairment that the researcher should consider
are also discussed.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1022334303731},
Key = {fds271615}
}
@article{fds271617,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ and Erkanli, A and Worthman,
CM},
Title = {Pubertal changes in hormone levels and depression in
girls.},
Journal = {Psychological Medicine},
Volume = {29},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1043-1053},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0033-2917},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10576297},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Throughout their reproductive years, women
suffer from a higher prevalence of depression than men.
Before puberty, however, this is not the case. In an earlier
study, we found that reaching Tanner Stage III of puberty
was associated with increased levels of depression in girls.
This paper examines whether the morphological changes
associated with puberty (as measured by Tanner stage) or the
hormonal changes underlying them are more strongly
associated with increased rates of depression in adolescent
girls. METHODS: Data from three annual waves of interviews
with 9 to 15-year-olds from the Great Smoky Mountains study
were analysed. RESULTS: Models including the effects of
testosterone and oestradiol eliminated the apparent effect
of Tanner stage. The effect of testosterone was non-linear.
FSH and LH had no effects on the probability of being
depressed. CONCLUSIONS: These findings argue against
theories that explain the emergence of the female excess of
depression in adulthood in terms of changes in body
morphology and their resultant psychosocial effects on
social interactions and self-perception. They suggest that
causal explanations of the increase in depression in females
need to focus on factors associated with changes in androgen
and oestrogen levels rather than the morphological changes
of puberty.},
Doi = {10.1017/s0033291799008946},
Key = {fds271617}
}
@article{fds271622,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Erkanli, A and Federman, E and Angold,
A},
Title = {Development of psychiatric comorbidity with substance abuse
in adolescents: effects of timing and sex.},
Journal = {Journal of Clinical Child Psychology},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {298-311},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0047-228X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10446679},
Abstract = {Examined the impact of childhood psychiatric disorders on
the prevalence and timing of substance use and abuse and
tested for sex differences. A representative population
sample of 1,420 children, ages 9, 11, and 13 at intake, were
interviewed annually. American Indians and youth with
behavioral problems were oversampled; data were weighted
back to population levels for analysis. By age 16, more than
half the sample reported substance use, and 6% had abuse or
dependence. Alcohol use began by age 9, and smoking in the
13th year. Mean onset of dependence was 14.8 years, and mean
onset of abuse was 15.1 years. Substance use began earlier
in boys, but not girls, who later developed abuse or
dependence. Disruptive behavior disorders and depression
were associated with a higher rate and earlier onset of
substance use and abuse in both sexes, but anxiety predicted
later onset of smoking. Family drug problems were the
strongest correlate of early onset. Despite differences in
prevalence of psychopathology, boys and girls showed more
similarities than differences in the course of early
substance use and abuse, and its associations with
psychopathology.},
Doi = {10.1207/S15374424jccp280302},
Key = {fds271622}
}
@article{fds271621,
Author = {Egger, HL and Costello, EJ and Erkanli, A and Angold,
A},
Title = {Somatic complaints and psychopathology in children and
adolescents: stomach aches, musculoskeletal pains, and
headaches.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {38},
Number = {7},
Pages = {852-860},
Year = {1999},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10405503},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of somatic complaints
with DSM-III-R-defined depression, anxiety disorders,
conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a
population-based sample of children and adolescents.
METHODS: Data from 4 annual waves of interviews with 9- to
16-year-olds from the Great Smoky Mountains Study were
analyzed. RESULTS: Overall, somatic complaints were strongly
associated with emotional disorders in girls and with
disruptive behavior disorders in boys. For girls, stomach
aches and headaches together and musculoskeletal pains alone
were associated with anxiety disorders. For boys, stomach
aches were associated with oppositional defiant disorder and
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Musculoskeletal
pains were associated with depression in both girls and
boys. CONCLUSIONS: There were gender-, illness- and
complaint-specific associations between somatic complaints
and psychopathology. It appears likely that there are
differences in the psychobiological processes underlying
these associations in boys and girls. Clinical
recommendations include screening children and adolescents
with persistent complaints of headaches, stomach aches, or
musculoskeletal pains for psychiatric disorders with an
awareness that gender may affect the type of psychopathology
associated with the somatic complaints.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-199907000-00015},
Key = {fds271621}
}
@article{fds271618,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Angold, A and Keeler, GP},
Title = {Adolescent outcomes of childhood disorders: the consequences
of severity and impairment.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {121-128},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9951210},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the adolescent consequences of
clinical and threshold-level psychiatric disorders, with and
without significant functional impairment; to predict
serious emotional disturbance (SED: clinical-level diagnosis
with impairment); and to examine sex differences in the
consequences of emotional and behavioral disorders. METHOD:
300 children aged 7 through 11 years were recruited from
urban and suburban offices of a large health maintenance
organization (HMO). Child and parent were interviewed at
home using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children
(DISC), version 1.3. Five to 7 years later, 278 (93%) of the
sample were reinterviewed using the DISC-2.1. RESULTS: There
was considerable continuity of psychopathology, particularly
in children with functional impairment. Behavioral disorders
at every level of severity predicted adolescent SED in both
sexes. For emotional disorders, girls but not boys with
childhood SED had significantly higher levels of adolescent
SED. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood disorders falling below the
level of severity required to meet criteria for treatment
set by many HMOs or insurance companies nevertheless can
carry a significantly increased risk for severe pathology
years later. Functional impairment played an important role
in the adolescent consequences of childhood psychiatric
disorder.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-199902000-00010},
Key = {fds271618}
}
@article{fds271619,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ and Farmer, EM and Burns, BJ and Erkanli,
A},
Title = {Impaired but undiagnosed.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {129-137},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9951211},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and outcomes of
individuals with psychosocial impairment not meeting
DSM-III-R criteria for any of 29 well-defined disorders and
to suggest operational definitions for not otherwise
specified (NOS) diagnoses and V codes. METHODS: Two-stage
general population sampling resulted in 1,015 youths aged 9,
11, and 13 years being interviewed in the first wave of the
Great Smoky Mountains Study. They were reinterviewed 1 year
later using the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment.
RESULTS: The weighted prevalence of sibling relational
problems was found to be 1.4%. That of parent-child
relational problems was 3.6% and that of relational problems
NOS was 0.6%. The overall rate of symptomatic impairment was
9.4%. Across a variety of "caseness measures," those with
symptomatic impairment proved to be more disturbed than
those without either a diagnosis or impairment, and as
disturbed as those with a diagnosis but without impairment.
CONCLUSION: Children and adolescents who do not meet
DSM-III-R criteria for any well-defined disorder but who
have symptoms associated with psychosocial impairment should
be regarded as suffering from a psychiatric disorder. It is
suggested that researchers adopt this definition for the
many NOS diagnoses included in the DSM nosology and
implement it in their research diagnostic
algorithms.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-199902000-00011},
Key = {fds271619}
}
@article{fds271620,
Author = {Farmer, EM and Stangl, DK and Burns, BJ and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Use, persistence, and intensity: patterns of care for
children's mental health across one year.},
Journal = {Community Mental Health Journal},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-46},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0010-3853},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10094508},
Abstract = {This paper explores the use, persistence, and intensity of
services for children's mental health problems across a
variety of service sectors during a one year period. Data
come from the Great Smoky Mountains Study. Analyses focus on
children's psychiatric symptomatology and impairment,
service use, and factors that may influence the relationship
between psychiatric problems and service use across a one
year period. Findings show that approximately 20% of
children used some mental health services from some sector
during the year. Child's symptomatology and characteristics
of parents were associated with use and persistence of
services. Parent's perceptions of impact on the family were
associated with service use, persistence, and
intensity.},
Doi = {10.1023/a:1018743908617},
Key = {fds271620}
}
@article{fds271556,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ and Erkanli, A},
Title = {Comorbidity.},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {40},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-87},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10102726},
Abstract = {We review recent research on the prevalence, causes, and
effects of diagnostic comorbidity among the most common
groups of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders;
anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, attention deficit
hyperactivity disorders, oppositional defiant and conduct
disorders, and substance abuse. A meta-analysis of
representative general population studies provides estimates
of the strength of associations between pairs of disorders
with narrower confidence intervals than have previously been
available. Current evidence convincingly eliminates
methodological factors as a major cause of comorbidity. We
review the implications of comorbidity for understanding the
development of psychopathology and for nosology.},
Doi = {10.1111/1469-7610.00424},
Key = {fds271556}
}
@article{fds271693,
Author = {Jane Costello and E},
Title = {Commentary on: Prevalence and impact of parent-reported
disabling mental health conditions among U.S.
children"},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {38},
Number = {5},
Pages = {610-613},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199905000-00024},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-199905000-00024},
Key = {fds271693}
}
@article{fds271616,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Angold, A and March, J and Fairbank,
J},
Title = {Life events and post-traumatic stress: the development of a
new measure for children and adolescents.},
Journal = {Psychological Medicine},
Volume = {28},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1275-1288},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0033-2917},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9854269},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: A new interview measure of life events and
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been developed for
children and adolescents aged 9 through 17, for use in both
epidemiological and clinical studies. It includes 'high
magnitude' events associated with PTSD as well as other 'low
magnitude' events. METHOD: The interview is designed as a
module of the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment,
an interviewer-based interview conducted with parent and
child separately by trained lay interviewers. The module
includes: (1) questions about a wide range of events; (2) a
screen for key PTSD symptoms (painful recall, avoidance,
hypervigilance); and (3) a detailed interview on all PTSD
symptoms, including onset, duration, severity and
co-morbidity. A test-retest reliability study was conducted
with 58 parents and children, who were interviewed twice by
different interviewers. RESULTS: Intraclass correlations
were 0.72 (child) and 0.83 (parent) for high magnitude
events, and 0.62 (child) and 0.58 (parent) for low magnitude
events. Kappa coefficients ranged from high for violence and
sexual abuse to low for child reports of serious accidents
and natural disasters. The reliability of the PTSD screen
symptoms was fair to excellent (kappa = 0.40-0.79), and
reliability of PTSD symptoms in those who passed the screen
was excellent (ICC = 0.94-0.99). Compared with a general
population sample (N = 1015), the clinic-referred subjects
and their parents were twice as likely to report a traumatic
event and, depending on the event, up to 25 times as likely
to report symptoms of PTSD. CONCLUSIONS: The results support
the reliability and discriminant validity of the
measure.},
Doi = {10.1017/s0033291798007569},
Key = {fds271616}
}
@article{fds271614,
Author = {Egger, HL and Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Headaches and psychopathology in children and
adolescents.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {37},
Number = {9},
Pages = {951-958},
Year = {1998},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9735614},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between chronic
headaches and DSM-III-R-defined psychiatric disorders,
including depression, anxiety disorders, conduct disorder,
oppositional defiant disorder and attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder, in a population-based sample of
children and adolescents. METHOD: 1,013 children aged 9 to
15 years in the Great Smoky Mountains Study were evaluated
annually over a 3-year period using the Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Assessment, a child and parent diagnostic
psychiatric interview. Headaches that lasted at least 1 hour
and occurred at least once a week during the 3 months prior
to the interview were studied. RESULTS: Girls with
depression and anxiety disorders had a significantly greater
prevalence of headaches than girls without an internalizing
disorder. This association was not found for boys. Conduct
disorder was significantly associated with headaches in
boys. Each of these associations was constant with age.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that a distinct gender
difference exists between boys and girls in the associations
between headaches and psychopathology. Carroll's theory of
dysfunction in central pain regulation as an underlying
cause of depression is discussed in relation to the proposed
serotonergic dysregulation common to headaches, depression,
anxiety, aggression, and pain.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-199809000-00015},
Key = {fds271614}
}
@article{fds271555,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Messer, SC and Bird, HR and Cohen, P and Reinherz,
HZ},
Title = {The prevalence of serious emotional disturbance: A
re-analysis of community studies},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Family Studies},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {411-432},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1062-1024},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022901909205},
Abstract = {The goal of these analyses was to use existing data to
provide an empirically-based estimate of the prevalence in
the population of Serious Emotional Disturbance (SED) in
children and adolescents, to assist States in their task,
required under PL 102-321, of including such estimates in
their applications for Block Grant funds. Seven data sets
were identified that could provide estimates of SED. The
principal investigators agreed on common definitions of the
key components of SED: a psychiatric diagnosis and
significant functional impairment. Two definitions of
impairment were used: domain-specific (impairment in one or
more of three areas of functioning) and global (in the worst
10% over all). They also defined a set of correlates and
risk factors for SED: age, gender, race/ethnicity, and
poverty. Investigators then reanalyzed their own data, using
these standard definitions, and calculated the proportion of
SED youth who received mental health care. The median
estimate of SED with global impairment was 5.4%, with a
range from 4.3% to 7.4%. Estimates of SED with
domain-specific impairment ranged from 5.5% to 16.9% (median
7.7%). Rates were slightly higher in boys. There were no
clear ethnic differences. Poverty doubled the risk of SED.
Only one SED child in four had recently received mental
health care. Estimates of SED are critically dependent on
the method used to define diagnosis and functional
impairment. Using common definitions, seven studies produced
fairly consistent estimates, which were similar to the
estimate of prevalence of Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in
adults. Implications for the estimate of State-by-State
prevalence rates are discussed. © 1998 Human Sciences
Press, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1022901909205},
Key = {fds271555}
}
@article{fds271611,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ and Worthman, CM},
Title = {Puberty and depression: the roles of age, pubertal status
and pubertal timing.},
Journal = {Psychological Medicine},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {51-61},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0033-2917},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9483683},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous work has indicated that the 2:1
female:male sex ratio in unipolar depressive disorders does
not emerge until some time between ages 10 and 15. METHODS:
Data from four annual waves of data collection from the
Great Smoky Mountains Study (GSMS) involving children aged
nine to 16 were employed. RESULTS: Pubertal status better
predicted the emergence of the expected sex ratio than did
age. Only after the transition to mid-puberty (Tanner Stage
III and above) were girls more likely than boys to be
depressed. The timing of this transition had no effect on
depression rates. Before Tanner Stage III, boys had higher
rates of depression than girls, and the prevalence of
depression appeared to fall in boys at an earlier pubertal
stage than that at which it began to rise in girls. In
addition, recent transition to Tanner Stage III or higher
had a transient effect in reducing the prevalence of
depression in boys. CONCLUSIONS: The period of emergence of
increased risk for depression in adolescent girls appears to
be a relatively sharply demarcated developmental transition
occurring in mid-puberty. Previously reported effects of the
timing of puberty (which have tended to be transient)
appeared less important in increase of risk for depression
than pubertal status.},
Doi = {10.1017/s003329179700593x},
Key = {fds271611}
}
@article{fds271613,
Author = {Angold, A and Messer, SC and Stangl, D and Farmer, EM and Costello, EJ and Burns, BJ},
Title = {Perceived parental burden and service use for child and
adolescent psychiatric disorders.},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {88},
Number = {1},
Pages = {75-80},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9584037},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Pediatric chronic physical illness and adult
psychiatric disorders are substantial sources of burden for
family care-takers, but little attention has been paid to
parental burden resulting from children's or adolescents'
psychiatric disorders. This paper describes the predictors
of perceived parental burden and its impact on the use of
specialty mental health and school services. METHODS: A
representative general population sample of 1015 9-, 11-,
and 13-year-olds and their parents completed structured
psychiatric diagnostic interviews and the Child and
Adolescent Burden Assessment. RESULTS: Weighted estimates
indicated that 10.7% of parents in the general population
perceived burden resulting from their children's
symptomatology. Significant predictors of perceived burden
were levels of child symptomatology and impairment and
parental mental health problems. Children's depressive and
anxiety disorders were associated with less burden than
other diagnoses. The effects of child disorder severity on
specialty mental health service use appeared to be mediated
by the level of burden induced. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial
levels of parental burden resulted from child psychiatric
disorders and were a major reason for specialist mental
health service use.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.88.1.75},
Key = {fds271613}
}
@article{fds271612,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Farmer, EM and Angold, A and Burns, BJ and Erkanli,
A},
Title = {Psychiatric disorders among American Indian and white youth
in Appalachia: the Great Smoky Mountains
Study.},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {87},
Number = {5},
Pages = {827-832},
Year = {1997},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9184514},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: This study examined prevalence of psychiatric
disorders, social and family risk factors for disorders, and
met and unmet needs for mental health care among Appalachian
youth. METHODS: All 9-, 11-, and 13-year-old American Indian
children in an 11-county area of the southern Appalachians
were recruited, together with a representative sample of the
surrounding population of White children. RESULTS:
Three-month prevalences of psychiatric disorders were
similar (American Indian, 16.7%; White, 19.2%). Substance
use was more common in American Indian children (9.0% vs
3.8% in White children), as was comorbidity of substance use
and psychiatric disorder (2.5% vs 0.9%). American Indian
poverty, family adversity (e.g., parental unemployment,
welfare dependency), and family deviance (parental violence,
substance abuse, and crime) rates were higher, but the rate
of family mental illness, excluding substance abuse, was
lower. Child psychiatric disorder and mental health service
use were associated with family mental illness in both
ethnic groups but were associated with poverty and family
deviance only in White children. Despite lower financial
barriers, American Indian children used fewer mental health
services. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that poverty and
crime play different roles in different communities in the
etiology of child psychiatric disorder.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.87.5.827},
Key = {fds271612}
}
@article{fds271610,
Author = {Federman, EB and Costello, EJ and Angold, A and Farmer, EM and Erkanli,
A},
Title = {Development of substance use and psychiatric comorbidity in
an epidemiologic study of white and American Indian young
adolescents the Great Smoky Mountains Study.},
Journal = {Drug and Alcohol Dependence},
Volume = {44},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {69-78},
Year = {1997},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0376-8716},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9088778},
Abstract = {The progression of substance use and the patterns of
comorbidity of substance use and psychiatric disorders are
explored prospectively in young adolescents enrolled in the
Great Smoky Mountains Study. This study is an epidemiologic
study of white and American Indian youths living in rural
Southern Appalachia. Results from this study indicate that
alcohol use without permission predicts subsequent use of
illicit drugs and regular tobacco use. Use of tobacco was
not associated with either later alcohol or drug use.
Patterns of comorbidity showed strong cross-sectional
relationships between substance use and behavioral
disorders, but not emotional disorders. Use of alcohol was
also associated with psychiatric diagnosis at a later
interview. There were some differences between white and
American Indian youths in the pattern of comorbidity of
tobacco use and psychiatric disorder and the relationship
between prior psychiatric disorder and later alcohol use.
These findings suggest that alcohol use without permission
may be an important marker for youths who are at risk for
illicit drug use and/or psychiatric diagnoses.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0376-8716(96)01317-8},
Key = {fds271610}
}
@article{fds271605,
Author = {Messer, SC and Angold, A and Costello, EJ and Burns,
BJ},
Title = {The child and adolescent burden assessment (CABA): Measuring
the family impact of emotional and behavioral
problems},
Journal = {International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric
Research},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {261-284},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1049-8931},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1234-988x(199612)6:4<261::aid-mpr169>3.3.co;2-},
Abstract = {Background: Though adult psychiatric disorders have been
found to be substantial sources of burden for family
caretakers, little attention has been paid to the
measurement of burden resulting from children's psychiatric
disturbance, or to its measurement. The purpose of the
present study was to describe the development and
characteristics of such a measure, the Child and Adolescent
Burden Assessment (CABA). Methods: The psychometric
properties of the CABA were examined in both general
population and clinical samples. Psychometric properties
assessed included factor composition, internal consistency,
test-retest reliability, and criterion-related validity.
Results: Factor analyses demonstrated a robust general
'burden' construct in both the community and clinical
samples. Internal consistency reliability estimates were
high (coefficient a> .80). Test-retest stability over a
one-week period was adequate (ICC = 0.67) in a small
clinical sample. Criterion-related validity was supported in
comparisons of mean burden levels between community and
clinical samples. Conclusions: The CABA appears to be a
promising instrument for the measurement of family burden
associated with childhood psychiatric disorders.
Psychometrically, the CABA performs adequately.
Theoretically, the burden construct may prove useful in
models of service use, mental health outcomes, and the
progress of family adaptation. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/(sici)1234-988x(199612)6:4<261::aid-mpr169>3.3.co;2-},
Key = {fds271605}
}
@article{fds271607,
Author = {Angold, A and Jane Costello and E},
Title = {The relative diagnostic utility of child and parent reports
of oppositional defiant behaviors},
Journal = {International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric
Research},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {253-259},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1049-8931},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1234-988x(199612)6:4<253::aid-mpr170>3.3.co;2-},
Abstract = {It has been suggested that parents are better reporters of
oppositional defiant behaviors than are children themselves
and that this may be a reason to ignore child reports in the
assessment of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Using
data from the Great Smoky Mountains Study, a community study
1,015 of nine-, eleven-, and thirteen-yearold children, we
found that, indeed, children on average reported lower
frequencies of all oppositional defiant behaviors than their
parents reported about them. However, their reports of such
behaviors and psychosocial impairment had a substantial
effect on the rate of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).
Where child reports were required for the DSM-IV criteria
ODD criteria to be met, rates of several 'validity' criteria
and measures of outcome one year later were as high as when
parent reports alone were sufficient to make the diagnosis.
We conclude that child self reports of oppositional defiant
symptoms are an important part of the assessment of ODD in
both research applications and clinical practice. © 1996 by
John Wil'ey & Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/(sici)1234-988x(199612)6:4<253::aid-mpr170>3.3.co;2-},
Key = {fds271607}
}
@article{fds271608,
Author = {Farmer, EMZ and Burns, BJ and Angold, A and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Impact of Children's Mental Health Problems on Families:
Relationships with Service Use},
Journal = {Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {230-238},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106342669700500406},
Abstract = {Impact on the family resulting from children's emotional and
behavioral problems, with particular attention to
relationships between such family impact and use of mental
health services, is explored in this article. Data come from
the Great Smoky Mountains Study, an epidemiologic,
longitudinal study of children's mental health problems and
service use in a rural region of the southeastern United
States. Reported measures include the Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Assessment, Child and Adolescent Service
Assessment, and Child and Adolescent Impact Assessment.
Youths who first used services when they were 10-15 years of
age showed significantly higher rates and levels of family
impact than similar youths who did not enter services. Such
impacts were most notable in the areas of parental
well-being (e.g., depression, worries) and parents' sense of
competence to handle the child's problems. Youths in this
age range who used services but were not new to the system
showed somewhat higher rates of family impact than youths
who were new to the system, particularly in the area of
parental use of mental health services. We discuss these
findings in terms of service provision and further research
needs.},
Doi = {10.1177/106342669700500406},
Key = {fds271608}
}
@article{fds271609,
Author = {Burns, BJ and Costello, EJ and Erkanli, A and Tweed, DL and Farmer, EMZ and Angold, A},
Title = {Insurance coverage and mental health services use by
adolescents with serious emotional disturbance},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Family Studies},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {89-111},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1062-1024},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025024808146},
Abstract = {This paper examines the relationships between insurance
coverage, need, and mental health services in a
community-based sample of 1,015youths who were 9, 11, and 13
years old at the beginning of the study. They were followed
over a two-year period. A strong measure of need based on a
standardized diagnostic interview was available and repeated
over three annual waves. Data on service use was collected
quarterly across two years. Major findings included: (a)
high need (serious emotional disturbance [SED]) was strongly
related to use of any mental health services; (b) services
use was much more likely to occur with public (Medicaid)
insurance coverage than either private or no insurance; (c)
considerable unmet need was observed even for youths with
SED; (d) school-based mental health services potentially
substituted for professional mental health services; and (e)
there was little unnecessary use of mental health services
in the low need group. The major policy implication of these
findings is that the regulation of insurance benefits should
be based on level of need, rather than on arbitrary limits
which are likely to either reduce the probability of or
appropriate amount of care for youths who most need mental
health services. © 1997 Human Sciences Press,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1025024808146},
Key = {fds271609}
}
@article{fds271600,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ and Messer, SC},
Title = {Development of a short questionnaire for use in
epidemiological studies of depression in children and
adolescents},
Journal = {International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric
Research},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {237-249},
Year = {1996},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1049-8931},
Abstract = {The purpose of the present study was to describe the
development and assess the psychometric properties of the
Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ). The SMFQ is a
brief, easy-to-administer, self-report measure of childhood
and adolescent depression, designed for the rapid evaluation
of core depressive symptomatology or for use in
epidemiological studies. The SMFQ's content and
criterion-related validity were examined in a sample of 173
8-16 year-olds, comprised of both psychiatric and unselected
pédiatrie controls. Results revealed substantial
correlations between the SMFQ, the Children's Depression
Inventory (GDI) and the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for
Children (DISC) depression scale. The SMFQ successfully
discriminated the clinically-referred psychiatric subjects
from the pédiatrie controls. Within the pédiatrie (general
population) sample, the SMFQ discriminated DISC-diagnosed
children with depressive disorder from non-depressed
subjects. Exploratory factor analyses, along with a high
internal consistency, suggested that the SMFQ was a
unifactorial scale. In sum, the SMFQ appears to be a
promising tool for both the swift assessment of core
depressive symptomatology and as a screening measure for
depression in child psychiatric epidemiological studies. ©
1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
Key = {fds271600}
}
@article{fds271602,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Angold, A and Burns, BJ and Stangl, DK and Tweed, DL and Erkanli, A and Worthman, CM},
Title = {The Great Smoky Mountains Study of Youth. Goals, design,
methods, and the prevalence of DSM-III-R
disorders.},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {53},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1129-1136},
Year = {1996},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8956679},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Great Smoky Mountains Study of youth focuses
on the relationship between the development of psychiatric
disorder and the need for and use of mental health services.
METHODS: A multistage, overlapping cohorts design was used,
in which 4500 of the 11758 children aged 9, 11, and 13 years
in an 11-county area of the southeastern United States were
randomly selected for screening for psychiatric symptoms.
Children who scored in the top 25% on the screening
questionnaire, together with a 1 in 10 random sample of the
rest, were recruited for 4 waves of intensive, annual
interviews (n = 1015 at wave 1). In a parallel study, all
American Indian children aged 9, 11, and 13 years were
recruited (N = 323 at wave 1). RESULTS: The 3-month
prevalence (+/-SE) of any DSM-III-R axis I disorder in the
main sample, weighted to reflect population prevalence
rates, was 20.3% +/- 1.7%. The most common diagnoses were
anxiety disorders (5.7% +/- 1.0%), enuresis (5.1% +/- 1.0%),
tic disorders (4.2% +/- 0.9%), conduct disorder (3.3% +/-
0.6%), oppositional defiant disorder (2.7% +/- 0.4%), and
hyperactivity (1.9% +/- 0.4%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence
of psychiatric disorder in this rural sample was similar to
rates reported in other recent studies. Poverty was the
strongest demographic correlate of diagnosis, in both urban
and rural children.},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830120067012},
Key = {fds271602}
}
@article{fds271603,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, J and Van Kämmen and W and Stouthamer-Loeber,
M},
Title = {Development of a short questionnaire for use in
epidemiological studies of depression in children and
adolescents: factor composition and structure across
development},
Journal = {International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric
Research},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {251-262},
Year = {1996},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1049-8931},
Abstract = {In the present study, the factor composition of a new,
brief, easy-to-administer, depression inventory for children
and adolescents, the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire
(SMFQ), was examined. Using longitudinal data from the
Pittsburgh Youth Study, confirmatory factor analyses were
computed to evaluate the age-invariance of a singlefactor
SMFQ structure. Results provided strong support for the
unidimensional structure of the SMFQ across grades 1-10 in a
large sample of boys. Factor loading correlations across age
groups were substantial suggesting developmental continuity
in item (symptom) salience for the latent variable of
depression. The magnitude of the mean factor loadings
increased with age, suggesting that the depression construct
was measured with less error as the children matured. In
sum, the SMFQ appears to provide a brief and reliable
measure of a core depression construct in children and
adolescents. © 1995 by John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.},
Key = {fds271603}
}
@article{fds271604,
Author = {Angold, A and Erkanli, A and Costello, EJ and Rutter,
M},
Title = {Precision, reliability and accuracy in the dating of symptom
onsets in child and adolescent psychopathology.},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {37},
Number = {6},
Pages = {657-664},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8894946},
Abstract = {Dates of onset of psychiatric symptoms are required in
determining whether diagnostic criteria are met for a number
of disorders and for a variety of research questions.
However, little attention has been paid to the precision and
reliability of their recall by parents and children. We
present data from two studies indicating that when symptoms
have lasted longer than around 3 months, the month of onset
usually cannot be accurately reported, while with symptoms
that have lasted a year or more, the year of onset is
usually uncertain. The implications of these findings for
diagnosis and research are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01457.x},
Key = {fds271604}
}
@article{fds271606,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Toward establishing an empirical basis for the diagnosis of
oppositional defiant disorder.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {35},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1205-1212},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8824064},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: (1) To determine the frequency of occurrence of
oppositional defiant behaviors in the general population
with a view to establishing empirical frequency cutoffs for
the evaluation of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). (2)
To examine the effects of changes in the definition of ODD
between DSM-III-R and DSM-IV. METHOD: The Great Smoky
Mountains Study is a general population study of 9-, 11-,
and 13-year-olds. Subjects and their parents were
interviewed with the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric
Assessment at baseline and again 1 year later. RESULTS:
Ninetieth percentile frequency cutoffs for ODD symptoms are
given. Although rates of ODD were little different between
DSM-III-R and DSM-IV, fewer than half of those who met
criteria by one or the other definition met criteria
according to both. DSM-IV defined a more disturbed group of
children than did DSM-III-R. Requiring only two or three ODD
symptoms plus impairment identified children with
substantial evidence of disturbance who did not otherwise
meet criteria for any diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The DSM-IV
criteria represent an improvement over DSM-III-R. However, a
reduction in the number of ODD symptoms required for
diagnosis is indicated. Symptom frequency criteria for ODD
symptoms are suggested for clinical use.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-199609000-00018},
Key = {fds271606}
}
@article{fds271554,
Author = {Bristol, MM and Cohen, DJ and Costello, EJ and Denckla, M and Eckberg,
TJ and Kallen, R and Kraemer, HC and Lord, C and Maurer, R and McIlvane,
WJ and Minshew, N and Sigman, M and Spence, MA},
Title = {State of the science in autism: report to the National
Institutes Health.},
Journal = {Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {121-154},
Year = {1996},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0162-3257},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02172002},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02172002},
Key = {fds271554}
}
@article{fds271601,
Author = {Angold, A and Erkanli, A and Loebkr, R and Costello, EJ and Van Kammen,
W and Stouthamer-Loeber, M},
Title = {Disappearing Depression in a Population Sample of
Boys},
Journal = {Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {95-104},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106342669600400204},
Abstract = {Although there is evidence that rules of depressive
disorders increase during adolescence in girls, the data on
the effects of age on depression in boys have been
contradictory. In order to shed further light on this issue,
the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) was
administered to a general population sample of approximately
1,500 boys ages 6 to 15 years, during four annual
interviews. Longitudinal analyses revealed a substantial
decrease in reported depressive symptoms between the ages of
8 and 11. The implications of these findings for
developmental epidemiological research on depression arc
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1177/106342669600400204},
Key = {fds271601}
}
@article{fds271698,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {A test-retest reliability study of child-reported
psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses using the Child and
Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (CAPA-C).},
Journal = {Psychological Medicine},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {755-762},
Year = {1995},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0033-2917},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7480452},
Abstract = {Seventy-seven 10-18-year-old psychiatric in-patients and
out-patients took part in a test-retest study of the Child
and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (CAPA). They were
interviewed on two occasions several days apart. Overall
reliability of diagnosis ranged from kappa = 0.55 (conduct
disorder) to 1.0 (substance abuse or dependence). In
general, reliability for scale scores of psychopathology was
somewhat lower in out-patients than in-patients, though the
opposite was the case for anxiety disorders and psychosocial
incapacity and the reliability of the diagnosis of conduct
disorder--the only individual diagnosis sufficiently common
to permit this comparison. Unreliability of reports of
behavioural problems was found to be related to admitting to
being a liar in the first interview. The implications of
these results for the use of the CAPA are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1017/s0033291700034991},
Key = {fds271698}
}
@article{fds271599,
Author = {Burns, BJ and Costello, EJ and Angold, A and Tweed, D and Stangl, D and Farmer, EM and Erkanli, A},
Title = {Children's mental health service use across service
sectors.},
Journal = {Health Affairs},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Pages = {147-159},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0278-2715},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7498888},
Abstract = {This DataWatch explores the roles of human service sectors
(mental health, education, health, child welfare, and
juvenile justice) in providing mental health services for
children. The data are from the first wave of the Great
Smoky Mountains Study of Youth, a population-based study of
psychopathology and mental health service use among
children. The results show somewhat higher rates of mental
health service use than has been reported previously, while
continuing to show a substantial amount of unmet need, even
among children with both a psychiatric diagnosis and
functional impairment. The findings point to a significant
role for the education sector, suggesting that schools may
function as the de facto mental health system for children
and adolescents.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.14.3.147},
Key = {fds271599}
}
@article{fds271697,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Developmental epidemiology.},
Journal = {Epidemiologic Reviews},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {74-82},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0193-936X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8521948},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036187},
Key = {fds271697}
}
@article{fds271598,
Author = {Farmer, EMZ and Angold, A and Burns, BJ and Costello,
EJ},
Title = {Reliability of self-reported service use: Test-retest
consistency of children's responses to the Child and
Adolescent Services Assessment (CASA)},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Family Studies},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {307-325},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1062-1024},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02234688},
Abstract = {This paper reports on the reliability of children's
responses on the Child and Adolescent Services Assessment
(CASA) - a self-report instrument for use with 8- to
18-year-olds that gathers information about services used to
address mental health problems. Findings were based on
interviews completed by 77 children at a one week
test-retest interval. Results showed that reports of
lifetime service use were as reliable as were reports of
service use in the preceding three months. Children reported
restrictive and intrusive services more reliably than
services that were provided in their natural environment.
Reliability appeared to be associated more strongly with
characteristics of the type of service than with
characteristics of the child. Children also could report
reliably on some details about their encounters with service
providers (e.g., length of stay, number of visits, and onset
of service use). © 1994 Human Sciences Press,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02234688},
Key = {fds271598}
}
@article{fds271696,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Burns, BJ and Angold, A and Leaf,
PJ},
Title = {Epidemiology and health care reform.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {33},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1058-1059},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7832878},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-199409000-00020},
Key = {fds271696}
}
@article{fds271695,
Author = {Angold, A and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Depressive comorbidity in children and adolescents:
empirical, theoretical, and methodological
issues.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Psychiatry},
Volume = {150},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1779-1791},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-953X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8238631},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to examine
comorbidity in the context of child and adolescent
depression. METHOD: The authors reviewed recent
epidemiological studies using standardized interviews and
DSM-III or DSM-III-R criteria. RESULTS: There was a high
rate of comorbidity in children and adolescents with major
depressive disorders or dysthymia. Comorbidity with conduct
disorder/oppositional defiant disorder ranged from 21% to
83%; comorbidity with anxiety disorder ranged from 30% to
75%; and comorbidity with attention deficit disorder ranged
from 0% to 57.1%. Rates of depressive comorbidity found in
community studies were similar to the rates found in
clinical studies. In almost all cases, the disorders were
more common in depressed children than expected by chance,
and the rates of other disorders in depressed children were
higher than the rates of depression in those with
depression. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanisms by which comorbidity
occurs are obscure at present. Several possibilities and
their implications for nosology, epidemiology, and treatment
research are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1176/ajp.150.12.1779},
Key = {fds271695}
}
@article{fds271597,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Burns, BJ and Angold, A and Leaf,
PJ},
Title = {How can epidemiology improve mental health services for
children and adolescents?},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {32},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1106-1114},
Year = {1993},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0890-8567},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8282654},
Abstract = {Epidemiology, the study of patterns of disease distribution
in time and space, can help to improve mental health
services for children and adolescents by increasing
understanding of the causes, development, and course of
psychiatric disorders. For the purpose of service delivery,
epidemiologic research on child psychopathology can provide
information on need for services, availability of services,
and effectiveness of services. For both scientific and
planning purposes, epidemiologic research can inform us
about (1) the developmental course of psychiatric disorders
during childhood and adolescence, (2) the effect of
psychiatric disorder on the course of normal childhood
development, and (3) the effect of childhood development on
the developmental course of psychiatric disorder.
Information about prevalence and incidence is useful for
planning primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and
treatment services. The same information is scientifically
useful to the extent that it helps to answer questions about
causation, course, and outcome. However, one aim of this
paper is to show that epidemiology is about a great deal
more than rates of disorder.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-199311000-00002},
Key = {fds271597}
}
@article{fds322754,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {Toward a developmental epidemiology of the disruptive
behavior disorders},
Journal = {Development and Psychopathology},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {91-101},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400004284},
Abstract = {Epidemiology, the study of patterns of disease distribution
in time and space, offers a powerful set of theories and
methods for understanding and preventing illness. The
disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) can be studied from the
point of view of whether or not epidemiological methods
could help to understand and prevent them. We suggest that
the best approach to the DBDs is one that takes into account
both the development of the child and the development of the
disorder. Developmental epidemiology is the attempt to use
recent advances in developmental psychopathology to help
answer questions about how developmental processes increase
or decrease vulnerability to DBDs, how risk factors change
across childhood, and how the development of the disorder is
reflected in rates of onset and patterns of symptomatology.
Using examples of primary and secondary prevention studies,
we discuss the importance of appropriate sampling strategies
and a clearly articulated theoretical background, if
intervention trials are to achieve their full utility as
tests of a developmental theory of the DBDs. © 1993,
Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0954579400004284},
Key = {fds322754}
}
@article{fds271692,
Author = {Bromberger, JT and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Epidemiology of depression for clinicians.},
Journal = {Social Work (United States)},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {120-125},
Year = {1992},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {This article reviews the epidemiology of depression and the
ways this information can be useful for clinicians. The
article defines frequently used epidemiological terms,
presents prevalence rates and risk factors; discusses the
impact and consequences of depression; and suggests arenas
for prevention, early intervention, and treatment that can
help clinicians in their everyday work.},
Key = {fds271692}
}
@article{fds271691,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Shugart, MA},
Title = {Above and below the threshold: Severity of psychiatric
symptoms and functional impairment in a pediatric
sample},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {90},
Number = {3 I},
Pages = {359-368},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Pediatricians are sufficiently concerned about the
importance of 'subthreshold' mental health problems to have
joined in the movement to create a Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders for the primary care
setting (DSM-PC), with the aim of establishing a set of
criteria for disorders that do not meet the severity
requirements of the American Psychiatric Association's
current DSM. An element in the argument for a DSM- PC is
that there is a high level of functional impairment and need
for treatment in children with mental health problems below
the DSM threshold. This was examined in 789 children aged 7
through 11 recruited sequentially from the pediatric clinics
of a health maintenance organization, compared with 134
age-matched children seen in a psychiatric clinic. Of the
pediatric patients, 22% had one or more clinical-level
DSM-III diagnoses, and 42% had a threshold-level disorder,
compared with 65% and 34%, respectively, of psychiatric
patients. In the pediatric sample, most threshold, and all
clinical-level disruptive behavior disorders were associated
with significant levels of functional impairment. There was
little evidence that emotional disorders (anxiety and
depression), even at the clinical level, were associated
with significant impairment. One implication of these
results is that pediatricians can expect one child in five
to have a clinical-level DSM disorder. A second is that
intervention at low levels of disruptive behavioral
symptomatology may be needed if significant functional
impairment is to be avoided.},
Key = {fds271691}
}
@article{fds271596,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Benjamin, R and Angold, A and Silver,
D},
Title = {Mood variability in adolescents: a study of depressed,
nondepressed and comorbid patients.},
Journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders},
Volume = {23},
Number = {4},
Pages = {199-212},
Year = {1991},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0165-0327},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1791265},
Abstract = {In a study to examine the variability of mood in
psychiatrically disturbed adolescents, 30 inpatients aged
13-17 reported on current depressive symptoms three times a
day for seven consecutive days, using a set of visual analog
scales (the Adolescent Mood Scale: AMS) to record DSM-IIIR
and other depressive symptoms. Ten of the patients had no
depressive diagnosis; 11 had both a depressive and an
'externalizing' diagnosis (mainly conduct disorders and
substance abuse disorders), and nine had depressive
diagnoses but no externalizing disorder. Variability was
defined in terms of (1) range of AMS scores; (2) amount of
change from one test point to the next; (3) rhythmicity,
measured by the autocorrelation function across 21 test
points. All three groups had high levels of depressive
symptoms throughout the week. On all measures of severity of
depression, the depressed girls were more depressed than the
depressed boys, irrespective of comorbidity. Measures of
variability, however, showed no effect of sex, but comorbid
patients were more likely to have a wide range of mood
scores, and reported a 45% greater amount of mood change.
Only five subjects had a significant lag1 autocorrelation
function, and there was no indication of diurnal
rhythmicity. Implications for research and diagnosis are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-0327(91)90101-w},
Key = {fds271596}
}
@article{fds271689,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Married with children: predictors of mental and physical
health in middle-aged women.},
Journal = {Psychiatry},
Volume = {54},
Number = {3},
Pages = {292-305},
Year = {1991},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0033-2747},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1946829},
Abstract = {The relationship between current mental and physical health
and history of education, marriage, child-rearing and
employment was studied in 541 women aged 42-50.
Participants, recruited from the community for a
longitudinal study of risk factors for cardiovascular
disease, were all premenopausal and free from major
diagnosed physical or mental disorder. Physical health
measures included weight, cigarette and alcohol consumption,
and current physical symptoms. Self-report psychological
measures included depression, anxiety, anger, stress, and
coping. Women who were mothers and still in their first
marriage ("married with children") were somewhat healthier
and happier than others. However, women with only a high
school education, even when "married with children," were at
a fourfold risk of depression compared with college-educated
women, unless they were in paid employment, in which case
their risk was not increased. Employment did not affect the
risk of depression for college-educated women who were
"married with children." Among other women, lack of paid
employment more than doubled the risk of depression,
whatever the educational level. Among the measures of
physical health, the only significant finding was a high
rate of smoking among high-school-educated women not in
traditional marriages. Possible pathways linking education,
marital history and current mental health are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1080/00332747.1991.11024558},
Key = {fds271689}
}
@article{fds271688,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Loeber, R and Stouthamer-Loeber,
M},
Title = {Pervasive and situational hyperactivity--confounding effect
of informant: a research note.},
Journal = {Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied
Disciplines},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {367-376},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0021-9630},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2033114},
Abstract = {Several studies of children with problems of hyperactivity,
impulsivity, and inattention (HIA) have suggested that when
such behaviour occurs in more than one setting, associated
conduct problems, emotional symptoms, and functional
impairment are more serious than when HIA problems are seen
in one situation only. Analyses of parent and teacher
reports on a community sample of 480 children aged 7-11 are
presented to show that in some cases this conclusion may
have resulted from a confound between informant and
information. When children with situational HIA were divided
into 'home situational' and 'school situational' subgroups,
their scores on other measures of psychopathology and
impairment varied, depending on whether the informant was
the parent or the teacher. When the source of information
was independent of parents' or teachers' judgments, no
differences were found between situationally and pervasively
HIA children. Implications for future studies of situational
and prevasive HIA are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb00313.x},
Key = {fds271688}
}
@article{fds271690,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Shugart, MA},
Title = {Child mental health and primary pediatric
care},
Journal = {Current Opinion in Pediatrics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {636-641},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008480-199108000-00012},
Doi = {10.1097/00008480-199108000-00012},
Key = {fds271690}
}
@article{fds271685,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Janiszewski, S},
Title = {Who gets treated? Factors associated with referral in
children with psychiatric disorders.},
Journal = {Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica},
Volume = {81},
Number = {6},
Pages = {523-529},
Year = {1990},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0001-690X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2378243},
Abstract = {There is evidence from several industrialized countries that
only a small proportion of children with psychiatric
disorders receive specialist treatment. It is unclear,
however, why some disturbed children are brought for
treatment while others are not. To examine this issue in one
community, children aged 7 through 11 were screened for
behavioral problems using the Child Behavior Checklist
(CBCL); 89 treated and 126 nontreated children, all of whom
scored in the clinical range (above the 90th percentile) on
the CBCL, were compared on measures of psychopathology,
environmental factors and adaptive functioning. All the
children were assessed using the Diagnostic Interview
Schedule for Children. There was no difference between the
groups in the proportions receiving a psychiatric diagnosis,
or in the proportions with more than one psychiatric
disorder. The nontreated disturbed children were as likely
as the treated ones to have attention deficit disorders,
anxiety, and oppositional disorders, and to be failing in
school. The treated children had more cases of conduct
disorder and depressive disorders, and were more likely to
be poor, male and black. Teachers reported twice as many
behavioral problems in treated as in untreated children,
suggesting that adults' discomfort with children's behavior
may have been a more potent precipitator of referral than
the children's failure to perform well at school. The
findings suggest that many nontreated children may be no
less impaired than those who receive treatment, and that
other factors than severity of psychopathology may dictate
which disturbed children receive mental health
services.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05492.x},
Key = {fds271685}
}
@article{fds271687,
Author = {Dulcan, MK and Costello, EJ and Costello, AJ and Edelbrock, C and Brent,
D and Janiszewski, S},
Title = {The pediatrician as gatekeeper to mental health care for
children: do parents' concerns open the gate?},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {453-458},
Year = {1990},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199005000-00018},
Abstract = {Data from a study of children seen for pediatric care in a
Health Maintenance Organization are used to examine factors
which influence the likelihood that a pediatrician will
identify a psychiatric problem and refer an identified child
to a mental health specialist for further evaluation and
treatment. Parental level of distress, family psychiatric
history, and discussion of parental concerns with the
pediatrician were found to be important. Characteristics of
the service delivery system which may impede appropriate
identification and referral are discussed. Implications for
participation of child and adolescent psychiatrists in the
training of pediatricians are presented.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-199005000-00018},
Key = {fds271687}
}
@article{fds271684,
Author = {Matthews, KA and Wing, RR and Kuller, LH and Meilahn, EN and Kelsey, SF and Costello, EJ and Caggiula, AW},
Title = {Influences of Natural Menopause on Psychological
Characteristics and Symptoms of Middle-Aged Healthy
Women},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {58},
Number = {3},
Pages = {345-351},
Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.58.3.345},
Abstract = {We investigated the psychological and symptom consequences
of the natural menopause in a longitudinal study of 541
initially premenopausal healthy women. All women were given
an extensive evaluation at baseline. After 3 years of
follow-up, 69 women ceased cycling for 12 months; another 32
women had ceased cycling and had taken hormone replacement
therapy for a total of 12 months. These women were
reevaluated in a clinic examination identical with the
baseline examination, as were 101 age-matched premenopausal
control women. Comparison among groups at the baseline and
follow-up examination showed that natural menopause led to
few changes in psychological characteristics, with only a
decline in introspectiveness and an increase in reports of
hot flashes being apparent. We conclude that natural
menopause did not have negative mental health consequences
for the majority of middle-aged healthy women.},
Doi = {10.1037/0022-006X.58.3.345},
Key = {fds271684}
}
@article{fds291326,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {In Reply},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {89-90},
Publisher = {American Medical Association (AMA)},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810130091013},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810130091013},
Key = {fds291326}
}
@article{fds271686,
Author = {Benjamin, RS and Costello, EJ and Warren, M},
Title = {Anxiety disorders in a pediatric sample},
Journal = {Journal of Anxiety Disorders},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {293-316},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {0887-6185},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0887-6185(90)90027-7},
Abstract = {Three hundred children aged 7 to 11, selected from a
sequential sample of 789 children enrolled in a health
maintenance organization (HMO), were the subjects of this
study of the prevalence and correlates of anxiety disorders.
Psychiatric interviews with 300 children and parents, using
the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC),
yielded a one-year weighted prevalence for one or more
DSM-III anxiety disorders od 15.4%, combining diagnoses
based on either child or parent interviews. The prevalence
rate for anxiety disorders based on parent interviews alone
was one half as high (6.6%) as the rate based on child
interviews alone (10.5%). Ratings of psychiatric
symptomalogy and functional impairmaent in children with
anxiety disorders relative to other children differed as a
function of the source of the information. Parents of
children with anxiety disorders judged them to have good
social function but high levels of psychiatric symptoms,
relative to parents of children with no disorders. Teachers
judged anxious children to have no more sychopathology than
normal children, but to show impaired social and academic
functioning. factors associated with an increased likelihood
of anxiety disorders, based on both parent and child
interviews, were school failures, stressful life events,
maternal anxiety or depression, and being female. Physical
illness and high levels of pediatric service utilization
were not associated with increased anxiety. The findings are
discussed in light of other community studies of anxiety
disorders in children. © 1990.},
Doi = {10.1016/0887-6185(90)90027-7},
Key = {fds271686}
}
@article{fds271681,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Developments in child psychiatric epidemiology.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {28},
Number = {6},
Pages = {836-841},
Year = {1989},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-198911000-00004},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-198911000-00004},
Key = {fds271681}
}
@article{fds271682,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Child psychiatric disorders and their correlates: a primary
care pediatric sample.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {28},
Number = {6},
Pages = {851-855},
Year = {1989},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-198911000-00007},
Abstract = {Psychiatric interviews with 300 parents and children drawn
from a first-stage screening sample of 789 children aged 7
to 11 attending primary care pediatric clinics, were carried
out using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children.
The weighted prevalence of one or more DSM-III disorders was
11.8% based on parent interviews, 13.8% based on child
interviews, and 22.0% based on either. Correlates of
specific disorders varied depending on the informant, but
parent-reported stress in the child's life was associated
with disorders reported by both parent and child. The study
confirms a high rate of unrecognized and untreated child
psychopathology in the community.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-198911000-00007},
Key = {fds271682}
}
@article{fds271683,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {More on treated incidence data.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {28},
Number = {5},
Pages = {803-804},
Year = {1989},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-198909000-00031},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-198909000-00031},
Key = {fds271683}
}
@article{fds322755,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {The utility of care: Behavioral decision analysis and the
development of depression},
Journal = {Development and Psychopathology},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {69-89},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400000250},
Abstract = {The development of vulnerability to depression is examined
from the point of view of one area of cognitive and
affective functioning, the processing of information about
the future. Drawing on research into how people make choices
in an uncertain world, this article reviews how depression
affects people's judgments about the relative utility, or
subjective value, of different outcomes, and about the
relative probability of those outcomes. A developmental
model is proposed which suggests that children learn that
some people are willing to incorporate into their own
utility ordering for different outcomes the utility
structure of the child—that is, to care about the child.
The role of lack of perceived care in the development of
depression is reviewed, and suggestions are made for
applications of decision analytic methods to some critical
questions concerning the role played by judgments about the
future in the development of vulnerability to depression. ©
1989, Cambridge University Press. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0954579400000250},
Key = {fds322755}
}
@article{fds271592,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Costello, AJ and Edelbrock, C and Burns, BJ and Dulcan,
MK and Brent, D and Janiszewski, S},
Title = {Psychiatric disorders in pediatric primary care. Prevalence
and risk factors.},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {45},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1107-1116},
Year = {1988},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3264146},
Abstract = {Children aged 7 to 11 years visiting their primary care
pediatrician for a wide range of reasons were studied to
determine the one-year prevalence of DSM-III disorders and
the risk factors associated with them. Parents completing
the Child Behavior Checklist about their children identified
problems that placed 24.7% of 789 children in the clinical
range. Detailed psychiatric interviews with 300 parents and
children, using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for
Children, yielded a one-year weighted prevalence of one or
more DSM-III disorders of 22.0% +/- 3.4%, combining
diagnoses based on either the child or the parent
interview.},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800360055008},
Key = {fds271592}
}
@article{fds271595,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {Scales to assess child and adolescent depression:
checklists, screens, and nets.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry},
Volume = {27},
Number = {6},
Pages = {726-737},
Year = {1988},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-198811000-00011},
Abstract = {Child self-report and parent-report measures of depressive
symptoms are useful both for preliminary screening and to
monitor change in symptomatology. These two aims, however,
demand different psychometric properties. Currently
available self- and/or parent-reports of depressive symptoms
are reviewed in terms of their content validity and
criterion validity. There is wide variability in the
symptoms covered by the Children's Depression Inventory
(CDI), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale
for Children (CES-DC), Depression Self-Rating Scale (DSRS),
Children's Depression Scale (CDS), and Mood and Feelings
Questionnaire (MFQ). A review of criterion validity showed
that information needed is often unavailable. Suggestions
are made for ways to provide information that will enable
clinicians and researchers to select measures for their
purposes.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004583-198811000-00011},
Key = {fds271595}
}
@article{fds271591,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Burns, BJ and Costello, AJ and Edelbrock, C and Dulcan,
M and Brent, D},
Title = {Service utilization and psychiatric diagnosis in pediatric
primary care: The role of the gatekeeper},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {3 II},
Pages = {435-441},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Levels of morbidity in 789 children 7 to 11 years of age
attending two primary care pediatric clinics in a health
maintenance organization were examined in relation to
psychiatric disturbance. Physical morbidity was measured as
mean number of illness episodes per year enrolled, based on
the child's medical record. Two measures of psychiatric
disturbance were compared: the pediatricians' judgment and a
detailed assessment using standard psychiatric interviews
with parent and child. Children identified by pediatricians
as disturbed had more than twice as many physical illness
episodes as nonidentified children. Children identified by
the standard psychiatric assessment had the same number of
physical illness episodes as nondisturbed children.
Pediatricians showed high specificity but low sensitivity to
mental illness. Their sensitivity in the high user group was
double that in the low user group. These results suggest
that (1) the association between mental illness and high use
may be, in part, the result of the confounding factor of
physicians' judgment; (2) in settings where primary care
practitioners serve as 'gatekeepers' to mental health
services, the offset effect of lower medical service use
following psychiatric treatment may be partially explained
by this; (3) the source of referral must be taken into
account when assessing the offset effect in other
settings.},
Key = {fds271591}
}
@article{fds271694,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Edelbrock, C and Costello, AJ and Dulcan, MK and Burns,
BJ and Brent, D},
Title = {Psychopathology in pediatric primary care: The new hidden
morbidity},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {3 II},
Pages = {415-424},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In a study of emotional and behavioral problems seen in
children attending pediatric primary care clinics in a
health maintenance organization, parents of 789 children 7
to 11 years of age completed a behavior screening
questionnaire, the Child Behavior Checklist. Of the 195
(24.7%) children identified by the checklist as disturbed,
126 were given a detailed psychiatric assessment using the
Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, a structured
psychiatric interview of known validity and reliability. A
randomly selected group of 174 nondisturbed children was
also assessed. The pediatricians' judgment about the
presence of emotional and behavioral problems, made at the
index clinic visit, was compared with diagnoses made from
the computer-scored interviews. Pediatricians diagnosed one
or more such problems in 5.6% of the children (weighted
estimate: 95% confidence limits 3.8% to 7.6%), compared with
11.8% (95% confidence interval 9.3% to 13.5%) bases on the
interview with the parent. Pediatricians were highly
specific, ie, 84% of children assessed as nondisturbed had
no psychiatric disorder, but they showed low sensitivity,
ie, they only identified 17% of the children with behavioral
or emotional problems, giving a 'hidden morbidity rate' of
83% (ie, 83% of cases were not identified). The role of
primary care pediatricians in the identification, prevention
and treatment of what has been called 'the new morbidity' is
discussed. We suggest that, on the basis of these findings,
emotional and behavioral problems in children have to be
seen as 'the new hidden morbidity'.},
Key = {fds271694}
}
@article{fds271553,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Pantino, T},
Title = {The new morbidity: who should treat it?},
Journal = {Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics :
Jdbp},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {288-291},
Year = {1987},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds271553}
}
@article{fds271551,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Primary care pediatrics and child psychopathology: a review
of diagnostic, treatment, and referral practices.},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {78},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1044-1051},
Year = {1986},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Toluidine blue dye applied in the perineal area increased
the detection of posterior fourchette lacerations. In the
sexually abused population, the detection rate of
lacerations increased from 10.2% to 30.5%. In sexually
abused adolescent patients the detection rate increased from
4% to 28%, and in sexually abused pediatric patients, the
detection rate increased from 16.5 % to 33%. In adolescents,
posterior fourchette lacerations are not diagnostic of
sexual abuse as they were equally common in sexually abused
adolescents and sexually active control adolescents.
However, in the pediatric aged population, 33% of the
sexually abused group had lacerations detected and none of
the control patients had lacerations. The presence of
posterior fourchette lacerations in children 10 years of age
and younger is strongly suggestive of sexual
abuse.},
Key = {fds271551}
}
@article{fds271550,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Edelbrock, CS and Costello, AJ},
Title = {Validity of the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for
Children: a comparison between psychiatric and pediatric
referrals.},
Journal = {Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {579-595},
Year = {1985},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00923143},
Abstract = {The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC)
was used to evaluate 40 psychiatric referrals aged 7-11 and
40 pediatric referrals matched for age, sex, race, and
socioeconomic status. Each parent and child was interviewed
separately using parallel versions of the interview, DISC-P
and DISC-C, and parents completed the Child Behavior
Checklist (CBCL). The psychiatric referrals had more
psychiatric diagnoses and higher symptom scores than the
pediatric referrals. Parent reports discriminated better
between the criterion groups than child reports. In both
groups, mild oppositional behavior and fears were commonly
reported by parents, whereas mild separation anxiety, fears,
and dysthymia were commonly reported by children. Attention
deficit disorder, conduct disorder, and affective disorders
were much more common among psychiatrically referred
children. There was an association (chi 2 = 37.1, p less
than .001) between abnormally high CBCL scores and diagnoses
derived from the interview with the parent, but the
association between the CBCL and the child interview was not
significant. Over all, the results support the validity of
the DISC-P, and to a lesser extent that of the DISC-C, in
discriminating psychiatric from pediatric referrals, at the
level of both symptoms and severe diagnoses, but not at the
mild/moderate level of diagnosis.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00923143},
Key = {fds271550}
}
@article{fds271552,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Edelbrock, CS},
Title = {Detection of psychiatric disorders in pediatric primary
care: a preliminary report.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child
Psychiatry},
Volume = {24},
Number = {6},
Pages = {771-774},
Year = {1985},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-7138(10)60122-7},
Abstract = {Pediatricians' awareness of psychiatric disorder in their
patients was examined in a feasibility study of the use of a
highly structured psychiatric interview with 40 parents and
children from a Health Maintenance Organization.
Pediatricians identified 4 children (10%) as having
psychiatric problems. These four had the highest symptom
scores on the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for
Children interview with the parent (DISC-P), as well as high
symptom scores based on the DISC interview with the child.
Three of the four were behaviorlly deviant according to the
Child Behavior Checklist, a parent-rated questionnaire.
Pediatrician's diagnoses were more consistent with parents'
reports than with the children's own reports of symptoms.
The study demonstrated the feasibility of using a highly
structured psychiatric interview in a community study, and
suggests that pediatricians may be more sensitive to
parents' reports of severe disorder than to milder or
child-reported problems.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-7138(10)60122-7},
Key = {fds271552}
}
@article{fds271548,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Information processing for decision making in depressed
women. A study of subjective expected utilities.},
Journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {239-251},
Year = {1983},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0165-0327},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(83)90047-2},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-0327(83)90047-2},
Key = {fds271548}
}
@article{fds271549,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Locus of control and depression in students and psychiatric
outpatients.},
Journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {340-343},
Year = {1982},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(198204)38:2<340::aid-jclp2270380220>3.0.co},
Abstract = {Examined the relationship among depression, locus of control
of reinforcement, and age in 26 depressed, female,
psychiatric outpatients, 26 nondepressed controls, and 55
undergraduate students (23 male, 32 female), of whom 18 were
depressed. The mean age of the patients and controls was
40.2, and of the students 19.7. Depression (measured on the
Beck Depression Inventory) and locus of control (measured on
Rotter's Internal-External questionnaire) were correlated
highly. Age was correlated negatively with locus of control
scores and positively with depression. With age partialled
out, the correlation between external locus of control and
depression increased. The association between external locus
of control is neither a single function of age nor a
response to hospitalization because the depressed Ss in this
study were outpatients. The possible causal relationship
between external locus of control and depression is
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1002/1097-4679(198204)38:2<340::aid-jclp2270380220>3.0.co},
Key = {fds271549}
}
%% Papers Published
@article{fds135461,
Title = {3)Costello, E.J., Angold, A., & Keeler, G.P. (2001).
Poverty, race and psychiatric disorder: A study of rural
children. American Journal of Public Health, 91:
1494-1498.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds135461}
}
@article{fds135462,
Title = {6)Kessler, R.C., Costello, E.J., Merikangas, K.R., and
Ustun, T.B. (2001). Psychiatric Epidemiology: Recent
Advances and Future Directions. To appear in R Manderscheid
and M Henderson (eds.) Mental Health U.S. 2000. Washington,
DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds135462}
}
@article{fds135506,
Title = {1)Kaplow, J.B., Curran, P.J., Angold, A., Costello, E.J.
(2001). The prospective relation between dimensions of
anxiety and the initiation of adolescent alcohol use.
Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30:
316-326.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds135506}
}
@article{fds135507,
Title = {2)Horwitz, S.M., Hoagwood, K., Stiffman, A.R., Summerfeld,
T., Weisz, J.R., Costello, E.J., Rost, K., Bean, D.L.,
Cottler, L., Leaf, P.J., Roper, M. & Norquist, G. (2001).
Reliability of the Services Assessment for Children and
Adolescents. Psychiatric Services, 52: 1088-1094.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds135507}
}
@article{fds135508,
Title = {4)Ezpeleta, L., Keeler, G., Erkanli, A., Costello, E.J.,
Angold, A. (2001). Epidemiology of psychiatric disability in
childhood and adolescence. Journal of Child Psychology and
Psychiatry, 42: 901-914.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds135508}
}
@article{fds135509,
Title = {5)Angold, A. & Costello, E.J. (2001). The epidemiology of
depression in children and adolescents. In I. Goodyer (Ed.),
The Depressed Child and Adolescent: Developmental and
Clinical Perspectives, 2nd edition. New York: Cambridge
University Press, p.143-178.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds135509}
}
@article{fds135454,
Title = {Farmer, E.M.Z., Burns, B.J., Angold, A. & Costello, E.J.
(1997) Impact of children's mental health problems on
families: Relationships with service use. Journal of
Emotional and Behavior Disorders, 5,4:230-238.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135454}
}
@article{fds135455,
Title = {Costello, E.J. Angold, A., March, J, & Fairbank, J. (1998).
Life events and post-traumatic stress: The development of a
new measure for children and adolescents. Psychological
Medicine, 28:1275-1288.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135455}
}
@article{fds135456,
Title = {Angold A., Costello E.J., & Worthman C.M. (1998). Puberty
and depression: The roles of age, pubertal status, and
pubertal timing. Psychological Medicine,
28:51-61.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135456}
}
@article{fds135457,
Title = {Costello, E.J., Angold A., Sweeney M.E. (1999). Comorbidity
with depression in children and adolescents. In: Mauricio
Tohen (Ed.) Comorbidity in Affective Disorders. pp. 179-196.
New York: Marcel Dekker Inc.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135457}
}
@article{fds135458,
Title = {Journals In Press},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135458}
}
@article{fds135459,
Title = {Erkanli, A., Costello, E.J., Soyer, R. (in press). Bayesian
inference for prevalence in longitudinal two-phase studies.
Biometrics.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135459}
}
@article{fds135460,
Title = {Angold, A. & Costello, E.J. (in press). Epidemiology of
conduct disorder. To appear in J. Hill and B. Maughan
(Eds.). Conduct Disorder. New York: Cambridge University
Press.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135460}
}
@article{fds135491,
Title = {Costello E.J., Farmer E.M.Z., Angold A., Burns B.J., &
Erkanli A. (1997). Psychiatric disorders among American
Indian and white youth in Appalachia: The Great Smoky
Mountains Study. American Journal of Public Health,
87,5:827-832.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135491}
}
@article{fds135492,
Title = {Federman, E.B., Costello, E.J., Angold, A., Farmer, E.M.Z.,
& Erkanli, A. (1997). Development of substance use and
psychiatric comorbidity in an epidemiologic study of white
and American Indian young adolescents: Great Smoky Mountains
Study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 44:69-78.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135492}
}
@article{fds135493,
Title = {Burns, B.J., Costello, E.J., Erkanli, A., Tweed, D.L.,
Farmer, E.M.Z., & Angold, A. (1997). Insurance coverage and
mental health service use by adolescents with Serious
Emotional Disturbance. Journal of Child and Family Studies,
6,1:89-111.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135493}
}
@article{fds135494,
Title = {Costello E.J. , Pescosolido B.A., Angold A., & Burns B.J.
(1998). A family network-based model of access to child
mental health services. Research in Community Mental Health,
9, 165-190.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135494}
}
@article{fds135495,
Title = {Costello, E.J. & S.C. Messer, H.R. Bird, Cohen, P., &
Reinherz, H.Z. (1998). The prevalence of Serious Emotional
Disturbance: A re-analysis of community studies. Journal of
Child and Family Studies, 7,4:411-432.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135495}
}
@article{fds135496,
Title = {Egger, H.L., Angold, A., & Costello, E.J. (1998). Headaches
and psychopathology in children and adolescents. Journal of
the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,
37:951-958.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135496}
}
@article{fds135497,
Title = {Angold, A., Messer, S.C., Stangl, D., Farmer, E.M.Z.,
Costello, E.J., & Burns, B.J. (1998). Perceived parental
burden and service use for child and adolescent psychiatric
disorders. American Journal of Public Health,
88:75-80.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135497}
}
@article{fds135498,
Title = {Farmer, E.M.Z., Stangl, D.K., Burns, B.J., Costello, E.J.
Angold, A. (1999). Use, persistence, and intensity: Patterns
of care for children's mental health across one year.
Community Mental Health Journal, 35: 31-46.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135498}
}
@article{fds135499,
Title = {Costello, E.J., Farmer, E.M.Z. & Angold, A. (1999). Same
place, different children: White and American Indian
children in the Appalachian mountains. In: P. Cohen, L.
Robins, and C. Slomkowski (Eds.) Where and When: historical
and geographical aspects of psychopathology, pp.279-298. NJ:
Lawrence Erlbaum.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135499}
}
@article{fds135500,
Title = {Costello, E.J., Angold, A., & Keeler, G.P. (in press).
Adolescent outcomes of childhood disorders. Journal of the
American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135500}
}
@article{fds135501,
Title = {Angold, A., Costello, E.J., Farmer, E.M.Z.,Burns, B.J., &
Erkanli, A. (in press). Impaired but undiagnosed. Journal of
the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135501}
}
@article{fds135502,
Title = {Angold A., & Costello, E.J. (in press). Comorbidity. Journal
of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. Canino, G. & Costello,
E.J. (in press). Assessing functional impairment for child
mental health services research: A review of measures.
Mental Health Services Research.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135502}
}
@article{fds135503,
Title = {Egger, H.L., Angold, A., Costello, E.J. (in press). Somatic
complaints and psychopathology in children and adolescents:
Stomach aches, musculoskeletal pains and
headaches.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135503}
}
@article{fds135504,
Title = {Costello, E.J. & Angold, A. (in press). The history of
conduct disorder. To appear in J. Hill and B. Maughan
(Eds.). Conduct Disorder. New York: Cambridge University
Press.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135504}
}
@article{fds135505,
Title = {Costello, E.J. &. Angold A (in press). Developmental
epidemiology: A framework for developmental psychopathology.
To appear in M. Lewis & A. Sameroff (Eds.) Handbook of
Developmental Psychopathology.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds135505}
}
@article{fds135449,
Title = {Burns BJ, Costello EJ, Erkanli A, Tweed DL, Farmer EMZ, &
Angold A (in press). Insurance coverage and mental health
service use by adolescents with Serious Emotional
Disturbance. Journal of Child and Family
Studies.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135449}
}
@article{fds135450,
Title = {Farmer EMZ, Burns BJ, Morrissey JP, Costello EJ, Angold A &
Behar L (in press). Youths with serious emotional
disturbance in rural and urban systems of care. American
Journal of Orthopsychiatry.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135450}
}
@article{fds135451,
Title = {Costello EJ, Angold A, Burns BJ, Erkanli A, Stangl D, &
Tweed DL (1996). The Great Smoky Mountains Study of youth:
Functional impairment and Severe Emotional Disturbance.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 53 (12),
1137-1143.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135451}
}
@article{fds135452,
Title = {Angold A, Costello EJ (1996). Toward establishing an
empirical basis for the diagnosis of Oppositional Defiant
Disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and
Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1205-1210.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135452}
}
@article{fds135453,
Title = {Cairns R, Elder G, & Costello EJ (Eds.) (1996).
Developmental Science. Cambridge, Cambridge University
Press.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135453}
}
@article{fds135463,
Title = {Costello EJ, Angold A, Burns BJ, Stangl D, Tweed DL, &
Erkanli A (1996). The Great Smoky Mountains Study of youth:
Goals, designs, methods, and the prevalence of DSM-III-R
disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53 (12),
1129-1136.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135463}
}
@article{fds135481,
Title = {Costello EJ, Farmer EMZ, Angold A, Burns BJ, Erkanli A (in
press). The Great Smoky Mountains Study: Risk and resilience
in American Indian and white youth. American Journal of
Public Health.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135481}
}
@article{fds135482,
Title = {Angold A, Messer SC, Stangl D, Farmer EMZ, Costello EJ, &
Burns BJ (in press). Perceived parental burden and service
use for child and adolescent psychiatric disorders. American
Journal of Public Health.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135482}
}
@article{fds135483,
Title = {Angold A, Costello EJ, Farmer EMZ, Burns BJ, & Erkanli, A
(in press). Impaired but undiagnosed. Journal of the
American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135483}
}
@article{fds135484,
Title = {Angold A & Costello EJ (in press). The relative diagnostic
utility of child and parent reports of oppositional defiant
behaviors. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric
Research.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135484}
}
@article{fds135485,
Title = {Messer SC, Angold A, Costello EJ, Burns BJ, Farmer EMZ, &
Patrick MK (in press). The Child and Adolescent Burden
Assessment: Measuring the family impact of emotional and
behavioral problems. International Journal of Methods in
Psychiatric Research.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135485}
}
@article{fds135486,
Title = {Federman EB, Costello EJ, Angold A, Farmer EMZ, & Erkanli A
(in press). Great Smoky Mountains Study: Development of
substance use and psychiatric comorbidity in an
epidemiologic study of white and American Indian young
adolescents. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Costello EJ,
Angold A, Burns BJ, Stangl D, Tweed DL, & Erkanli A (1996).
The Great Smoky Mountains Study of youth: Goals, designs,
methods, and the prevalence of DSM-III-R disorders. Archives
of General Psychiatry, 53 (12), 1129-1136.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135486}
}
@article{fds135487,
Title = {Burns BJ, Farmer EMZ, Angold A Costello EJ, & Behar L
(1996). A randomized trial of case management for youth with
serious emotional disturbance. Journal of Clinical Child
Psychology, 25, 476-486.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135487}
}
@article{fds135488,
Title = {Angold A, Erkanli A, Costello EJ, Rutter M (1996).
Precision, reliability, and accuracy in the dating of
symptom onsets in child and adolescent psychiatry. Journal
of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37(6),
657-664..},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135488}
}
@article{fds135489,
Title = {Angold A, Erkanli A, Loeber R, Costello EJ, van Kammen W, &
Stouthamer-Loeber M (1996). Disappearing depression in a
population sample of boys. Journal of Emotional and
Behavioral Disorders, 4(2), 95-104.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135489}
}
@article{fds135490,
Title = {Costello EJ & Angold A (1996). Developmental
psychopathology. In Cairns R, Elder G, & Costello EJ (Eds.)
Developmental Science, pp. 168-189. Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds135490}
}
@article{fds135443,
Title = {Costello, E.J., Angold, A., Burns, B.J. Stangl, D., Tweed,
D.L., & Erkanli, A. (in press). The Great Smoky Mountains
Study of youth: Prevalence and correlates of psychiatric
disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135443}
}
@article{fds135444,
Title = {Angold, A., Costello, E.J. (in press). Toward establishing
an empirical basis for the diagnosis of Oppositional Defiant
Disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and
Adolescent Psychiatry.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135444}
}
@article{fds135445,
Title = {Burns, B.J., Costello, E.J., Angold, A., Erkanli, A.,
Stangl, D. & Tweed, D.L. (1995). Children's mental health
service use across service sectors. Health Affairs, 14,
147-159.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135445}
}
@article{fds135446,
Title = {Angold, A. & Costello, E.J. (1995). Developmental
Epidemiology. Epidemiological Reviews, 17,
74-82.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135446}
}
@article{fds135447,
Title = {Costello, E.J. & Angold, A. (1995). Epidemiology. In J.
March (ed.) Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents,
pp. 109-124. New York: Guilford.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135447}
}
@article{fds135448,
Title = {Cairns R., Elder, G., & Costello, E.J. (Eds) (in press).
Developmental Science. Cambridge, Cambridge University
Press.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135448}
}
@article{fds135470,
Title = {Costello, E.J., Angold, A., Burns, B.J., Erkanli, A.,
Stangl, D., & Tweed, D.L. (in press). The Great Smoky
Mountains Study of youth: Functional impairment and Severe
Emotional Disturbance. Archives of General
Psychiatry.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135470}
}
@article{fds135471,
Title = {Angold, A., Stangl, D., Farmer, E.M.Z., Costello, E.J.,
Burns, B.J., Messer, S.C. & Patrick, M.K.S. (in press). The
Great Smoky Mountains Study of youth: Family burden
resulting from child and adolescent psychiatric disorders.
American Journal of Public Health.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135471}
}
@article{fds135472,
Title = {Angold, A., Erkanli, A., Loeber, R., Costello, E.J., van
Kammen, W. & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (in press). Disappearing
depression in a population sample of boys. Journal of
Emotional and Behavioral Disorders.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135472}
}
@article{fds135473,
Title = {Angold, A., Erkanli A, Costello, E.J., Rutter, M. (In
press). Precision, reliability, and accuracy in the dating
of symptom onsets in child and adolescent psychiatry.
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135473}
}
@article{fds135474,
Title = {Angold, A., Costello, E.J., Pickles, A, Messer, S.C.,
Winder, F. & Silva, D. (1995). The development of a short
questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of
depression in children and adolescents. Methods in
Psychiatric Research.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135474}
}
@article{fds135475,
Title = {Messer, S.C., Angold, A., Loeber, R., Costello, E.J., van
Kammen, W. & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1995). The development
of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies
of depression in children and adolescents: Factor
composition and structure across development. Methods in
Psychiatric Research, Vol 5:133.1-12.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135475}
}
@article{fds135476,
Title = {Angold A. & Costello, E.J. (1995). A test-retest study of
child-reported symptoms and diagnoses using the Child and
Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (CAPA). Psychological
Medicine, 25, 755-762.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135476}
}
@article{fds135477,
Title = {Angold, A. & Costello, E.J. (1995). The epidemiology of
depression in children and adolescents. In I. Goodyer (Ed.)
The Depressed Child and Adolescent: Developmental and
Clinical Perspectives, pp. 127-147. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135477}
}
@article{fds135478,
Title = {Costello, E.J. & Angold, A. (1995). Developmental
epidemiology. In D. Cicchetti and D. Cohen (Eds.), Manual of
Developmental Psychopathology. Vol. I, p. 23-56. New York:
Wiley.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135478}
}
@article{fds135479,
Title = {Costello, E.J. & Angold, A. (in press). Developmental
psychopathology. In Cairns R., Elder, G., Costello, E.J. &
McGuire, A. Developmental Science. Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135479}
}
@article{fds135480,
Title = {Costello E.J. & Messer, S.C. "Rates and Correlates of
Serious Emotional Disturbance: Secondary Analysis of
Epidemiologic Data Sets". Prepared for the Center for Mental
Health Services, Department of Health and Human Services,
National Institute of Mental Health, July,
1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds135480}
}
@article{fds135467,
Title = {Costello EJ, Burns BJ, Angold A, Leaf PJ: Epidemiology and
health care reform (ltr). Journal of American Academy of
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 33: 1058-1059,
1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds135467}
}
@article{fds135468,
Title = {Costello, E.J. & Tweed, D.L. "Severe Emotional Disturbance
in children and Adolescents". Prepared for the Center for
Mental Health Services, Department of Health and Human
Services, National Institute of Mental Health, March,
1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds135468}
}
@article{fds135469,
Title = {Farmer EMZ, Angold A, Burns BJ, Costello EJ: Reliability of
self-reported service use: test and retest consistency of
children's responses to the Child and Adolescent Services
Assessment (CASA). Journal Child & Family Studies, 3 (3):
307-325, 1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds135469}
}
@article{fds135442,
Title = {Angold A, Costellow EJ: Depressive comorbidity in children
and adolescents: Empirical, theoretical, and methodological
issues. American Journal of Psychiatry 150: 1779-1791,
1993.},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds135442}
}
@article{fds135464,
Title = {Costello EJ, Burns BJ, Angold A, & Leaf PJ (1993). How can
epidemiology improve mental health services for children and
adolescents? Journal of the American Academy of Child and
Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 1106-1113.},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds135464}
}
@article{fds135466,
Title = {Costello EJ, Angold A: Towards a developmental epidemiology
of the disruptive behavior disorders. Development and
Psychopathology 5: 91-101, 1993.},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds135466}
}
@article{fds135510,
Title = {Costello EJ (1990) Child Psychiatric Epidemiology:
Implications for Clinical Research and Practice.In Lahey & A
Kazdin (Eds.), Advances In Clinical Child Psychology, 13,
New York: Plenum, 53-90.},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds135510}
}
@article{fds135441,
Title = {Costello EJ (1989). Developments in child psychiatric
epidemiology. Journal of the American Academy of Child and
Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 836-841.},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds135441}
}
@article{fds135465,
Title = {Costello EJ, Costello AJ, Edelbrock C, Burns BJ, Dulcan MK,
Brent D & Janiszewski S (1988). Psychiatric disorders in
pediatric primary care: prevalence and risk factors.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 45, 1107-1116.},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds135465}
}
%% Chapters in Books
@misc{fds363745,
Author = {Farmer, EMZ and Stangl, DK and Burns, BJ and Costello, EJ and Angold,
A},
Title = {Use, Persistence, and Intensity: Patterns of Care for
Children’s Mental Health Across One Year},
Pages = {49-64},
Booktitle = {Effective Interventions for Children in Need},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780754628255},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315256900-15},
Abstract = {This paper explores the use, persistence, and intensity of
services for children’s mental health problems across a
variety of service sectors during a one year period. Data
come from the Great Smoky Mountains Study. Analyses focus on
children’s psychiatric symptomatology and impairment,
service use, and factors that may influence the relationship
between psychiatric problems and service use across a one
year period. Findings show that approximately 20% of
children used some mental health services from some sector
during the year. Child’s symptomatology and
characteristics of parents were associated with use and
persistence of services. Parent’s perceptions of impact on
the family were associated with service use, persistence,
and intensity.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315256900-15},
Key = {fds363745}
}
@misc{fds330730,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Angold, A},
Title = {Developmental Epidemiology},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {41-75},
Booktitle = {Developmental Psychopathology: Second Edition},
Publisher = {JOHN WILEY & SONS INC},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {0471237361},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470939383.ch3},
Abstract = {This chapter discusses developmental psychopathology from
the viewpoint of epidemiology, "the study of health and
illness in human populations". After a brief introduction to
some of the basic concepts of the epidemiological method, it
discusses what modern epidemiology is and does, the
questions it addresses, some of the key methods it uses, and
how these methods can be applied to the special problems of
developmental psychopathology. the chapter then presents a
short history of how child psychiatric epidemiology has
grown into developmental epidemiology, illustrating how
these changes reflect society's changing concerns about the
mental health of children. Finally, it describes the ways
developmental epidemiology is branching out and taking on
the concerns and methods of related areas: life course and
intergenerational epidemiology; transnational epidemiology;
genetic epidemiology; the study of burden of disease; and
the use of epidemiologic designs to test hypotheses about
the causes of psychiatric disorders.},
Doi = {10.1002/9780470939383.ch3},
Key = {fds330730}
}
@misc{fds328292,
Author = {Loeber, R and Capaldi, DM and Costello, E},
Title = {Gender and the development of aggression, disruptive
behavior, and delinquency from childhood to early
adulthood},
Pages = {137-160},
Booktitle = {Disruptive Behavior Disorders},
Publisher = {Springer New York},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781461475569},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7557-6_6},
Doi = {10.1007/978-1-4614-7557-6_6},
Key = {fds328292}
}
@misc{fds271504,
Author = {Costello, EJ and Egger, HL and Copeland, W and Erkanli, A and Angold,
A},
Title = {The developmental epidemiology of anxiety disorders:
Phenomenology, prevalence, and comorbidity},
Pages = {56-75},
Booktitle = {Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents, Second
edition},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Silverman W.K. and Field A.P.},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521721486},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511994920.004},
Abstract = {In this chapter we review the prevalence and comorbidity of
anxiety disorders in general, and where possible the
specifics of separation anxiety disorder (SAD), generalized
anxiety disorder (GAD), specific phobias, panic, social
phobia, and panic disorder. There were too few reports of
agoraphobia to make a reliable estimate. We have not
included post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and
obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), because their status
as anxiety disorders is a topic still being debated for the
revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Most
recent studies have omitted overanxious disorder (OAD) after
its omission from the latest edition of the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric
Association, 1994), but we shall have something to say about
OAD later on.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511994920.004},
Key = {fds271504}
}
@misc{fds204824,
Author = {Costello, E.J. and Angold, A.},
Title = {Contributions from epidemiology},
Pages = {25-34},
Booktitle = {Depression in Adolescent Girls: Science and
Prevention},
Publisher = {New York: Guilford Press},
Editor = {Strauman T.J. and Costanzo P.R. and Garber J.},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds204824}
}
@misc{fds204825,
Author = {Costello, E.J.},
Title = {Shaping Society through Social Policy: Will the G-E
Revolution Make a Difference?},
Pages = {189-206},
Booktitle = {Shaping Society through Social Policy: Will the G-E
Revolution Make a Difference?},
Publisher = {Oxford: Oxford University Press},
Editor = {K. Dodge and M. Rutter},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds204825}
}
@misc{fds336063,
Author = {Costello, EJ},
Title = {Phobias in Childhood and Adolescence: Implications for
Public Policy},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {297-299},
Booktitle = {Phobias},
Publisher = {JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0470858338},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470014113.ch5},
Doi = {10.1002/0470014113.ch5},
Key = {fds336063}
}
@misc{fds271509,
Author = {Angold, A and Carol, W and Costello, EJ},
Title = {Puberty and depression},
Pages = {137-164},
Booktitle = {Gender Differences at Puberty},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {052100165x},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511489716.009},
Abstract = {In this chapter we will examine evidence concerning the
emergence of an excess of unipolar depression in females
during adolescence. We will also present new data from the
Great Smoky Mountains Study (GSMS) in support of an approach
that combines consideration of both the endocrinology of
puberty and the effects of stress on depression. The
phenomenon to be explained Numerous adult studies from
around the world have documented that women have 1.5 to 3
times more current and lifetime unipolar depression than men
(Bebbington, et al., 1981; Bland, Newman, and Orn, 1988a;
Bland, Newman, and Orn, 1988b; Blazer, et al., 1994; Canino,
et al., 1987; Cheng, 1989; Hwu, Yeh, and Chang, 1989;
Kessler, et al., 1994; Kessler, et al., 1993; Lee, Han, and
Choi, 1987; Weissman, et al., 1993; Weissman, et al., 1996;
Weissman and Klerman, 1977; Wells, et al., 1989; Wittchen,
et al., 1992). In later life (after age 55), the female
excess of depressions probably diminishes; mostly on account
of falling rates in women (Bebbington, 1996; Bebbington, et
al., 1998; Jorm, 1987). Retrospective data from adults
suggested that the female excess did not appear until
adolescence (Burke, et al., 1990; Kessler, et al., 1993),
and the child and adolescent epidemiological literature
agrees that rates of unipolar depression in prepubertal
girls are not higher than those in prepubertal boys
(Anderson, et al., 1987; Angold, Costello, and Worthman,
1998; Angold, Costello, and Worthman, 1999; Angold and
Rutter, 1992; Bird, et al.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511489716.009},
Key = {fds271509}
}
%% Other
@misc{fds164564,
Author = {Institute of Medicine and National Research
Council.},
Title = {Committee on the Prevention of Mental Disorders and
Substance Abuse among Children, Youth, and Young Adults:
Research Advances and Promising Interventions.},
Booktitle = {Preventing Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Disorders among
Young People: Progress and Possibilities.},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The National Academic Press.},
Editor = {O'Conell, M.E.oat and T and Warner, K.E.},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds164564}
}
| |
Duke University * Arts & Sciences * Faculty * Staff * Grad * Postdocs * Reload * Login | ||
