Sanford School of Public Policy
Duke University
Publications of Hal Brands :chronological alphabetical combined listing:
We've launched a new site so please go to People & Research for current information on our faculty and staff.
%% Books
@book{fds326875,
Author = {Brands, H and Suri, J},
Title = {The power of the past: History and statecraft},
Pages = {1-328},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780815727149},
Abstract = {© 2016 Hal Brands and Jeremi Suri. All rights reserved.
Leading scholars and policymakers explore how history
influences foreign policy and offer insights on how the
study of the past can more usefully serve the present.
History, with its insights, analogies, and narratives, is
central to the ways that the United States interacts with
the world. Historians and policymakers, however, rarely
engage one another as effectively or fruitfully as they
might. This book bridges that divide, bringing together
leading scholars and policymakers to address the essential
questions surrounding the history-policy relationship.
Chapters include: Mark Lawrence on the numerous, and often
contradictory, historical lessons that American observers
have drawn from the Vietnam War. H. W. Brands on the role of
analogies in U.S. policy during the Persian Gulf crisis and
war of 1990-91. Jeremi Suri on Henry Kissinger’s powerful
use of history. James Steinberg on how various forms of
history informed U.S. responses to the Balkan wars of the
1990s. Peter Feaver and William Inboden on the roles that
historical knowledge and analogies played in several key
policy initiatives undertaken during their time at the
National Security Council from 2005 to 2007. Philip Zelikow,
former executive director of the 9/11 Commission, offers a
broad and rich discussion of what kinds of lessons history
actually offers.},
Key = {fds326875}
}
@book{fds289713,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {What Good is Grand Strategy? Power and Purpose in American
Statecraft from Harry S. Truman to George W.
Bush},
Publisher = {Cornell University Press},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=Ck-nAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT10&lpg=PT10&dq=%22what+good+is+grand+strategy%22&source=bl&ots=nw17MmKJGW&sig=7WLENj06rRxbqycmfZkH7q_Q-34&hl=en&sa=X&ei=uXmrU6CTGY6yyATHzIDQDg&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=%22what},
Key = {fds289713}
}
@book{fds289712,
Author = {SARGENT, D and HASLAM, J and FRIEDMAN, MP and BRANDS,
H},
Title = {Online Roundtable: Hal Brands' Latin America's Cold War Hal
Brands, Latin America's Cold War (Cambridge, MA: Harvard
University Press, 2010, £21·80). Pp. 385. isbn 978 0 674
05528 5.},
Volume = {46},
Pages = {408 pages},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {0674058437},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875811001708},
Abstract = {In this book, the first to take an international perspective
on the postwar decades in the region, Hal Brands sets out to
explain what exactly happened in Latin America during the
Cold War, and why it was so traumatic.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0021875811001708},
Key = {fds289712}
}
@book{fds178601,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Latin America's Cold War},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds178601}
}
@book{fds289711,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {From Berlin to Baghdad: America's Search for Purpose in the
Post-Cold War World},
Publisher = {University Press of Kentucky},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds289711}
}
%% Journal Articles
@article{fds332671,
Author = {Brands, H and Inboden, W},
Title = {Wisdom without tears: Statecraft and the uses of
history},
Journal = {Journal of Strategic Studies},
Pages = {1-31},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2018.1428797},
Abstract = {© 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis
Group The world is mired in history again, as historical
modes of competition return and historical grievances fuel
the policies of multiple revisionist actors. If the end of
history has ended, then it follows that the time is ripe for
an engagement with history’s wisdom. We argue that the
making of American statecraft—the deliberate, coordinated
use of national power to achieve important objectives—can
be significantly enhanced by a better understanding of the
past. This essay, which draws on the extensive literature on
history and statecraft, U.S. foreign policy, and the
author’s own research and experiences, offers a defense of
the use of history to improve statecraft, as well as a
typology of ten distinct ways in which an understanding of
history can improve government policy.},
Doi = {10.1080/01402390.2018.1428797},
Key = {fds332671}
}
@article{fds332811,
Author = {Brands, H and Feaver, P},
Title = {The Case for Reassessing America's 43 rd
President},
Journal = {Orbis},
Volume = {62},
Number = {1},
Pages = {76-90},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2017.11.006},
Abstract = {© 2017 Contemporary judgments of George W. Bush's foreign
policy were often quite harsh and polemical. In this
article, we argue that a moderate form of Bush revisionism
is likely to emerge in the coming years, as scholars take a
more dispassionate look at his achievements in global
affairs and the difficult circumstances under which his
administration labored. We offer the six most persuasive
arguments in favor of Bush revisionism; we then discuss the
most reasonable critiques of these arguments. The overall
thrust of this essay is not that Bush will someday be seen
as one of America's most successful statesmen, but simply
that his reputation should improve as partisan passions fade
and new evidence is considered.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.orbis.2017.11.006},
Key = {fds332811}
}
@article{fds333289,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {The unexceptional superpower: American grand strategy in the
age of trump},
Journal = {Survival},
Volume = {59},
Number = {6},
Pages = {7-40},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396338.2017.1399722},
Doi = {10.1080/00396338.2017.1399722},
Key = {fds333289}
}
@article{fds332941,
Author = {Brands, H and Feaver, P},
Title = {The case for Bush revisionism: Reevaluating the legacy of
America’s 43rd president},
Journal = {Journal of Strategic Studies},
Pages = {1-41},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2017.1348944},
Doi = {10.1080/01402390.2017.1348944},
Key = {fds332941}
}
@article{fds326688,
Author = {Brands, H and Feaver, P},
Title = {Was the Rise of ISIS Inevitable?},
Journal = {Survival},
Volume = {59},
Number = {3},
Pages = {7-54},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396338.2017.1325595},
Doi = {10.1080/00396338.2017.1325595},
Key = {fds326688}
}
@article{fds332942,
Author = {Brands, H and Feaver, P},
Title = {Trump and terrorism: U.S. strategy after
ISIS},
Journal = {Foreign affairs (Council on Foreign Relations)},
Volume = {96},
Number = {2},
Pages = {28-36},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds332942}
}
@article{fds326689,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {U.S. Grand Strategy in an Age of Nationalism: Fortress
America and its Alternatives},
Journal = {The Washington Quarterly},
Volume = {40},
Number = {1},
Pages = {73-94},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0163660X.2017.1302740},
Doi = {10.1080/0163660X.2017.1302740},
Key = {fds326689}
}
@article{fds322160,
Author = {Brands, H and Feaver, P},
Title = {Stress-Testing American Grand Strategy},
Journal = {Survival},
Volume = {58},
Number = {6},
Pages = {93-120},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396338.2016.1257199},
Doi = {10.1080/00396338.2016.1257199},
Key = {fds322160}
}
@article{fds323145,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Barack Obama and the Dilemmas of American Grand
Strategy},
Journal = {The Washington Quarterly},
Volume = {39},
Number = {4},
Pages = {101-125},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0163660X.2016.1261557},
Doi = {10.1080/0163660X.2016.1261557},
Key = {fds323145}
}
@article{fds289699,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Fools Rush Out? The Flawed Logic of Offshore
Balancing},
Journal = {The Washington Quarterly},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {7-28},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0163-660X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0163660X.2015.1064705},
Doi = {10.1080/0163660X.2015.1064705},
Key = {fds289699}
}
@article{fds323146,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Before the Tilt: The Carter Administration Engages Saddam
Hussein},
Journal = {Diplomacy and Statecraft},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {103-123},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2015.999628},
Doi = {10.1080/09592296.2015.999628},
Key = {fds323146}
}
@article{fds289715,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Saddam Hussein, the United States, and the invasion of Iran:
Was there a green light?},
Journal = {Cold War History},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {319-343},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {1468-2745},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2011.564612},
Abstract = {Since the Iraqi invasion of Iran in 1980, numerous observers
and scholars have alleged that the United States
green-lighted Saddam Hussein's decision to go to war. This
article scrutinises the green light thesis by examining US
and Iraqi documents that have recently become available to
scholars. These records reveal that the green light thesis
has more basis in myth than in reality. Preoccupied with
issues such as the Iran hostage crisis and the implications
of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Carter administration
officials neither expected nor welcomed Saddam's attack on
Iran. The Iraqi dictator, for his part, believed that
Washington would oppose rather than support his war. © 2012
Taylor and Francis.},
Doi = {10.1080/14682745.2011.564612},
Key = {fds289715}
}
@article{fds289716,
Author = {Brands, H and Palkki, D},
Title = {"Conspiring Bastards": Saddam Hussein's Strategic View of
the United States},
Journal = {Diplomatic History},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {625-659},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0145-2096},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7709.2012.01045.x},
Abstract = {This article uses captured Iraqi regime records to trace
Saddam Hussein's strategic view of the United States from
the time of his political ascendancy in the 1970s to his
invasion of Kuwait in 1990. What is remarkable about
Saddam's view of the United States is how consistently and
virulently hostile it was. From early on, Saddam believed
that the United States was unalterably opposed to his
Baathist project and that Washington was seeking to
marginalize and weaken Iraq. These sentiments were rooted in
Baathist ideology and the key personality traits that shaped
Saddam's worldview, but they were repeatedly reinforced by
Washington's policies in the Middle East. Tacit U.S. support
for Baghdad during the Iran-Iraq war aided Saddam's war
effort but did little to ameliorate his fears. By the late
1980s and 1990, Saddam worried that American operatives were
trying to assassinate him, and he saw the United States (and
its ally, Israel) as the foreign powers most dangerous to
his regime. This view of U.S. policy, in turn, seems to have
had an important influence on Saddam's decision to invade
Kuwait. © 2012 The Society for Historians of American
Foreign Relations (SHAFR).},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-7709.2012.01045.x},
Key = {fds289716}
}
@article{fds289719,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Why Did Saddam Invade Iran? New Evidence on Motives,
Complexity, and the Israel Factor},
Journal = {Journal of Military History},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds289719}
}
@article{fds289723,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Evaluating Brazilian Grand Strategy under
Lula},
Journal = {Comparative Strategy},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {28-49},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0149-5933},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2011.545686},
Abstract = {This article analyzes Brazilian grand strategy under
President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. During Lula's eight
years in office, he pursued a multitiered grand strategy
aimed at hastening the transition from U.S. and Western
hegemony to a multipolar order more favorable to Brazilian
interests. Lula did so by emphasizing three diplomatic
strategies: soft balancing, coalition building, and seeking
to position Brazil as the leader of a more united South
America. During Lula's time in office, this strategy
successfully raised Brazil's profile and increased its
diplomatic flexibility, but the country still faces several
potent strategic dilemmas that could complicate or undermine
its geopolitical ascent. © 2011 Taylor & Francis Group,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/01495933.2011.545686},
Key = {fds289723}
}
@article{fds289717,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Making the conspiracy theorist a prophet: Covert action and
the contours of United States-Iraq relations},
Journal = {International History Review},
Volume = {33},
Number = {3},
Pages = {381-408},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0707-5332},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07075332.2011.595169},
Abstract = {Convert action is an inherently fraught undertaking. It can
produce important diplomatic or strategic gains at a
relatively low price, but it can also result in substantial
"blowback" when it fails to remain covert. This article
traces the impact of two covert operations-US support for a
Kurdish rebellion in northern Iraq in the 1970s, and US arms
sales to Iran during the Iran-Iraq war-on Saddam Hussein's
strategic perceptions of the United States. It argues that
revelations of US covert action interacted symbiotically
with Saddam's preexisting suspicions of the United States,
helping to forge a legacy of mistrust and hostility that did
much to shape his views of the relationship. Saddam's
personality and worldview inclined him toward conspiratorial
thinking; US policies made this outlook seem prophetic. ©
2011 Taylor & Francis.},
Doi = {10.1080/07075332.2011.595169},
Key = {fds289717}
}
@article{fds289718,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Saddam and Israel: What do the new Iraqi records
reveal?},
Journal = {Diplomacy and Statecraft},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {500-520},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0959-2296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2011.599658},
Abstract = {This article uses newly available Iraqi records to examine
Saddam Hussein's strategic view of Israel, from the time of
his political ascendancy in the late 1970s to the Persian
Gulf War of 1990-1991. It sheds light on a variety of
issues: the sources and motives of Saddam's bitter hostility
to Israel, his desire for a bloody war of attrition against
the "Zionist entity," the role of Israel in motivating the
Iraqi nuclear programme, Iraq-Israel relations during the
Iran-Iraq War, Saddam's fears of an Israeli strike in the
run-up to the invasion of Kuwait in 1990, and his motives
for attacking Israel with SCUD missiles in 1991. © Taylor
& Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/09592296.2011.599658},
Key = {fds289718}
}
@article{fds289720,
Author = {Brands, H and Palkki, D},
Title = {Saddam, Israel, and the bomb: Nuclear alarmism
justified?},
Journal = {International Security},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-166},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0162-2889},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00047},
Doi = {10.1162/ISEC_a_00047},
Key = {fds289720}
}
@article{fds289721,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Reform, democratization, and counter-insurgency: Evaluating
the us experience in cold war-era Latin America},
Journal = {Small Wars and Insurgencies},
Volume = {22},
Number = {2},
Pages = {290-321},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0959-2318},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2011.573410},
Abstract = {Current debate on US counter-insurgency doctrine is
dominated by the notion that promoting 'legitimacy' and
'good governance' constitutes a central strategic
imperative. This idea is hardly new; during the Cold War US
officials often sought to encourage democratization and
socio-economic reform as antidotes to revolution in Latin
America. This article reviews four such cases - Venezuela
during the first half of the 1960s, Guatemala throughout the
1960s, Nicaragua during the late 1970s, and El Salvador
during the 1980s. The purpose is to bring a historical
perspective to bear on current debates about the feasibility
of US counter-insurgency strategy by evaluating the
effectiveness of previous campaigns to promote improved
governance in developing societies wracked by guerrilla
violence. Keywords: Insurgency; governance; Latin America;
Cold War; democratization; legitimacy; guerrillas; Alliance
for Progress. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.},
Doi = {10.1080/09592318.2011.573410},
Key = {fds289721}
}
@article{fds289722,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Crime, Irregular Warfare, and Institutional Failure in Latin
America: Guatemala as a Case Study},
Journal = {Studies in Conflict Terrorism},
Volume = {34},
Number = {3},
Pages = {228-247},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {1057-610X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2011.545937},
Abstract = {This article examines the current crisis in Guatemala as a
case study in the phenomenon of criminal insurgency in Latin
America. Since the close of Guatemala's civil war in 1996,
crime-especially violent crime-has increased dramatically,
to the point that drug traffickers, organized crime
syndicates, and youth gangs are effectively waging a form of
irregular warfare against the state. The police, the
judiciary, and entire local and departmental governments are
rife with criminal infiltrators; murder statistics have
surpassed civil-war levels in recent years; criminal
operatives assassinate government officials and troublesome
members of the political class; and chunks of territory are
now effectively under the control of criminal groups. All
this has led to growing civic disillusion and eroded the
authority and legitimacy of the government. Rampant crime is
causing a crisis of the democratic state. © Taylor &
Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/1057610X.2011.545937},
Key = {fds289722}
}
@article{fds289724,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Inside the Iraqi state records: Saddam Hussein, 'Irangate',
and the United States},
Journal = {Journal of Strategic Studies},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {95-118},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0140-2390},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2011.541767},
Abstract = {This article uses captured Iraqi state records to examine
Saddam Hussein's reaction to US arms to sales to Iran during
the Iran-Iraq War (the Iran/ Contra scandal). These records
show that 'Irangate' marked a decisive departure in Saddam's
relations with the United States. Irangate reinforced
Saddam's preexisting suspicions of US policy, convincing him
that Washington was a strategic enemy that could not be
trusted. Saddam concealed his anger to preserve a working
relationship with the Reagan administration, but this
episode nevertheless cemented his negative views of the
United States and forged a legacy of hostility and mistrust
that would inform his strategic calculus for years to come.
© 2011 Taylor & Francis.},
Doi = {10.1080/01402390.2011.541767},
Key = {fds289724}
}
@article{fds305685,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Evaluating Brazilian grand strategy under
lula},
Journal = {Comparative Strategy: an international journal},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {28-49},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0149-5933},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2011.545686},
Abstract = {This article analyzes Brazilian grand strategy under
President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. During Lula's eight
years in office, he pursued a multitiered grand strategy
aimed at hastening the transition from U.S. and Western
hegemony to a multipolar order more favorable to Brazilian
interests. Lula did so by emphasizing three diplomatic
strategies: soft balancing, coalition building, and seeking
to position Brazil as the leader of a more united South
America. During Lula's time in office, this strategy
successfully raised Brazil's profile and increased its
diplomatic flexibility, but the country still faces several
potent strategic dilemmas that could complicate or undermine
its geopolitical ascent. © 2011 Taylor & Francis Group,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/01495933.2011.545686},
Key = {fds305685}
}
@article{fds289725,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {The United States and the Peruvian challenge,
1968-1975},
Journal = {Diplomacy and Statecraft},
Volume = {21},
Number = {3},
Pages = {471-490},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0959-2296},
url = {http://pdfserve.informaworld.com/269293_731198561_926959723.pdf},
Abstract = {This article explores United States-Peruvian relations
during the rule of General Juan Velasco Alvarado
(1968-1975). Velasco pursued a sharply nationalistic foreign
policy, leading to repeated diplomatic dust-ups with the
United States. Peruvian officials generally acquitted
themselves quite well in these episodes, in part because of
their own diplomatic acumen, and in part because broader
geopolitical trends of the period undermined traditional
sources of United States leverage in Latin America. The
United States would ultimately have to wait for a change of
government to recoup some of the influence it had lost in
Peru under Velasco. © Taylor & Francis Group,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/09592296.2010.508418},
Key = {fds289725}
}
@article{fds289734,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Los Zetas: Inside Mexico's Most Dangerous Drug
Gang},
Journal = {Air and Space Power Journal (Spanish Edition)},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds289734}
}
@article{fds289726,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Economic Development and the Contours of U.S. Foreign
Policy: The Nixon Administration's Approach to Latin
America, 1969–1974},
Journal = {Peace & Change},
Volume = {33},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0130.2008.00491.x/pdf},
Key = {fds289726}
}
@article{fds289729,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Third world politics in an age of global turmoil: The Latin
American challenge to U.S. and Western Hegemony,
1965-1975},
Journal = {Diplomatic History},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1},
Pages = {105-138},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0145-2096},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-7709.2007.00669.x/pdf},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-7709.2007.00669.x},
Key = {fds289729}
}
@article{fds289733,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Richard Nixon and Economic Nationalism in Latin America: The
Problem of Expropriations, 1969-1974},
Journal = {Diplomacy & Statecraft},
Volume = {17},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds289733}
}
@article{fds289728,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Non-proliferation and the dynamics of the middle cold war:
The superpowers, the MLF, and the NPT},
Journal = {Cold War History},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {389-423},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1468-2745},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14682740701474857},
Abstract = {During the 1960s, the United States and the Soviet Union
contended both with one another and with the members of
their respective alliances in attempting to deal with the
issues raised by nuclear proliferation. These negotiations,
which covered a number of matters but centred on the
conflict between a non-proliferation agreement and NATO
plans for nuclear sharing, illustrate in microcosm some of
the most important geopolitical trends of the middle Cold
War. This episode was in certain diplomatic and conceptual
respects an important precursor to détente. It also
illuminated the declining ability of the United States and
the Soviet Union to manage their respective European
alliances, as well as the degree to which Russo-American
cooperation further strained these partnerships. Finally,
the negotiations and their aftermath showed that, in
geostrategic terms, Moscow and Washington had much in common
during the 1960s. © 2007 Taylor & Francis.},
Doi = {10.1080/14682740701474857},
Key = {fds289728}
}
@article{fds289735,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Rethinking Nonproliferation: LBJ, the Gilpatric Committee,
and U.S. National Security Policy},
Journal = {Journal of Cold War Studies},
Volume = {8},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds289735}
}
@article{fds289727,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Progress unseen: U.S. arms control policy and the origins of
Détente, 1963-1968},
Journal = {Diplomatic History},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {253-285},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0145-2096},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-7709.2006.00549.x/pdf},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-7709.2006.00549.x},
Key = {fds289727}
}
@article{fds289731,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {The emperor's new clothes: American views of Hirohito after
World War II},
Journal = {The Historian},
Volume = {68},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-28},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0018-2370},
Key = {fds289731}
}
@article{fds289732,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Who saved the emperor? The MacArthur myth and U.S. policy
toward Hirohito and the Japanese imperial institution,
1942-1946},
Journal = {Pacific Historical Review},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2},
Pages = {271-305},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0030-8684},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2006.75.2.271},
Abstract = {The dominant school of literature on the occupation of Japan
stresses the role of Supreme Commander Douglas MacArthur in
"saving" Hirohito and the imperial institution from the
harsh policy intended by officials in Washington and the
American public. MacArthur's role in emperor policy was
actually much less influential than is commonly believed.
Washington's choice to retain Hirohito and the imperial
institution evolved out of a wartime assumption that the
emperor was central to U.S. plans for postwar Japan and East
Asia. Rather than a flash of inspiration from the supreme
commander, American policy toward the emperor represented a
confluence of motivations that crystallized in the early
days of the occupation. © 2006 by the Pacific Coast Branch,
American Historical Association. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1525/phr.2006.75.2.271},
Key = {fds289732}
}
@article{fds289737,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Rhetoric, Public Opinion, and Policy in the American Debate
over the Japanese Emperor during World War
II},
Journal = {Rhetoric & Public Affairs},
Volume = {8},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds289737}
}
@article{fds289736,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Wartime recruiting practices, martial identity and
post-World War II demobilization in colonial
Kenya},
Journal = {Journal of African History},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {103-125},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021853704000428},
Abstract = {After World War II, African ex-servicemen in Kenya sought to
maintain the socioeconomic gains they had accrued through
service in the King's African Rifles (KAR). Looking for
middle-class employment and social privileges, they
challenged existing relationships within the colonial state.
For the most part, veterans did not participate in national
politics, believing that their goals could be achieved
within the confines of colonial society. The postwar actions
of KAR veterans are best explained by an examination of
their initial perceptions of colonial military service.
Indeed, the social and economic connotations of KAR service,
combined with the massive wartime expansion of Kenyan
defense forces, created a new class of Africans with
distinctive characteristics and interests. These
socioeconomic perceptions proved powerful after the war,
often informing ex-askari action. © 2005 Cambridge
University Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0021853704000428},
Key = {fds289736}
}
@article{fds289730,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Lyndon Johnson and Chinese Representation Policy in the
United Nations},
Journal = {American Diplomacy},
Volume = {9},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds289730}
}
%% Chapters in Books
@misc{fds330913,
Author = {Brands, H},
Title = {Enlargement and its discontents},
Pages = {313-335},
Booktitle = {Foreign Policy at the Periphery: The Shifting Margins of US
International Relations Since World War II},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0813168481},
Key = {fds330913}
}
@misc{fds326874,
Author = {Brands, H and Suri, J},
Title = {Introduction: Thinking about history and foreign
policy},
Pages = {1-24},
Booktitle = {The Power of the Past: History and Statecraft},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780815727149},
Key = {fds326874}
}
@misc{fds289704,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {"Diplomatic Milestones, 1992-2000: Dilemmas of the Post-Cold
War Era"},
Volume = {II},
Pages = {503-516},
Booktitle = {U.S. Foreign Policy: A Diplomatic History},
Publisher = {CQ Press},
Editor = {Robert J. McMahon and Thomas W. Zeiler},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds289704}
}
%% Op-eds
@misc{fds178628,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Gangs and the New Insurgency in Latin America},
Journal = {World Politics Review},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds178628}
}
@misc{fds178629,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Mexico's Narco-Insurgency},
Journal = {World Politics Review},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds178629}
}
@misc{fds178630,
Author = {H. Brands},
Title = {Lo que no funcionará de nuevo},
Journal = {El Universal},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds178630}
}
@misc{fds178631,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {U.S. Plan to Fight Drugs in Mexico Bound to Falter Without
Changes},
Journal = {San Jose Mercury News, LA Progressive, Tri-Cities Herald,
Delaware State News, and other media outlets},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds178631}
}
@misc{fds178632,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {The War on Terror Has Fizzled},
Journal = {Hartford Courant},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds178632}
}
@misc{fds183878,
Author = {H. Brands},
Title = {The Rise of the Center in Latin America},
Journal = {World Politics Review},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds183878}
}
%% Monographs
@misc{fds289706,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {The Promise and Pitfalls of Grand Strategy},
Publisher = {Strategic Studies Institute, Army War College},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/display.cfm?pubID=1121},
Key = {fds289706}
}
@misc{fds289707,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {Crime, Violence, and the Crisis in Guatemala: A Case Study
in the Erosion of the State},
Publisher = {Strategic Studies Institute, Army War College},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/PUB986.pdf},
Key = {fds289707}
}
@misc{fds289708,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {Dilemmas of Brazilian Grand Strategy},
Publisher = {Strategic Studies Institute, Army War College},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/PUB1017.pdf},
Key = {fds289708}
}
@misc{fds178622,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Political Ferment in Latin America: The Populist Resurgence,
the Rise of the Center, and Implications for U.S.
Policy},
Publisher = {Strategic Studies Institute, Army War College},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds178622}
}
@misc{fds289709,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {Dealing the Political Ferment in Latin America: The Populist
Revival, the Emergence of the Center, and Implications for
U.S. Policy},
Publisher = {Strategic Studies Institute, Army War College},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/PUB943.pdf},
Key = {fds289709}
}
@misc{fds289710,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {Mexico's Narco-Insurgency and U.S. Counter-Drug
Policy},
Publisher = {Strategic Studies Institute, Army War College},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub918.pdf},
Key = {fds289710}
}
%% Published Policy Briefs and Comments
@misc{fds289705,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {Breaking Down Obama's Grand Strategy},
Journal = {National Interest},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
url = {http://nationalinterest.org/feature/breaking-down-obamas-grand-strategy-10719},
Key = {fds289705}
}
@misc{fds289702,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {The Enduring Dilemmas of Democracy Promotion},
Journal = {The National Interest},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
url = {http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/the-enduring-dilemmas-democracy-promotion-10042},
Key = {fds289702}
}
@misc{fds289701,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {Ronald Reagan's Subtle Grand Strategy},
Journal = {The National Interest},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
url = {http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/ronald-reagans-subtle-grand-strategy-10000},
Key = {fds289701}
}
@misc{fds289700,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {Seeking Fiscal Safety, U.S. Defense Cuts Raise Geopolitical
Risk},
Journal = {World Politics Review},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds289700}
}
@misc{fds289703,
Author = {Brands, HS},
Title = {Archives and the Study of Nuclear Politics},
Publisher = {H-Diplo/ISSF},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://issforum.org/forums/2-what-we-talk-about-when-we-talk-about-nuclear-weapons},
Key = {fds289703}
}
@misc{fds193873,
Author = {Hal Brands and David Palkki},
Title = {Why Did Saddam Want the Bomb? The Israel Factor and the
Iraqi Nuclear Program},
Journal = {Foreign Policy Research Institute E-Notes},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds193873}
}
@misc{fds178624,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {El renacimiento populista, el crecimiento del centro, y la
politica de los Estados Unidos en Latinoamerica},
Journal = {Air and Space Power Journal (Spanish Edition)},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds178624}
}
@misc{fds178625,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Los Zetas and Mexico's Transnational Drug
War},
Journal = {World Politics Review},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds178625}
}
@misc{fds178608,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Third Generation Gangs and Criminal Insurgency in Latin
America},
Journal = {Small Wars Journal},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds178608}
}
%% Reports
@misc{fds212296,
Author = {H. Brands and P. Feaver},
Title = {Common Fallacies and Uncommon Fixes in the American Grand
Strategy Debate},
Publisher = {RAND Corporation Working Paper},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds212296}
}
@misc{fds179556,
Author = {Hal Brands},
Title = {Criminal Fiefdoms in Latin America: Understanding the
Problem of Alternatively Governed Spaces},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds179556}
}