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Publications of Linda Burton    :chronological  alphabetical  combined listing:

%% Books   
@misc{fds219297,
   Author = {Brady, D. and Burton, L.M.},
   Title = {The Oxford handbook of the social science of
             poverty},
   Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
   Address = {N.Y.},
   Year = {2013},
   Month = {November},
   Key = {fds219297}
}


%% Journal Articles   
@article{fds312182,
   Author = {W. Welsh and Burton, L.M.},
   Title = {Home, heart, and being Latina: Housing and intimate
             relationship power among low-income Mexican
             mothers},
   Journal = {Sociology of Race and Ethnicity},
   Year = {2016},
   Month = {March},
   Key = {fds312182}
}

@article{fds312183,
   Author = {R. Garrett-Peters and L.M. Burton},
   Title = {Reframing marriage and marital delay among low-income
             mothers: An interactionist perspective},
   Journal = {Journal of Family Theory and Review},
   Pages = {242-264},
   Year = {2015},
   Key = {fds312183}
}

@misc{fds217731,
   Author = {Burton, L.M. and Hardaway, C.R.},
   Title = {Low-income mothers as "othermothers" to their romantic
             partners' children: Women's coparenting in multiple partner
             fertility family structures},
   Journal = {Family Process},
   Volume = {51},
   Pages = {343-359},
   Year = {2013},
   Abstract = {In this article, we investigated low-income mothers’
             involvement in multiple partner fertility (MPF)
             relationships and their experiences as “othermothers” to
             their romantic partners’ children from previous and
             concurrent intimate unions. Othermothering, as somewhat
             distinct from stepmothering, involves culturally-scripted
             practices of sharing parenting responsibilities with
             children’s biological parents. We framed this
             investigation using this concept because previous research
             suggests that many low-income women practice this form of
             coparenting in their friend and kin networks. What is not
             apparent in this literature, however, is whether women
             unilaterally othermother their romantic partners’ children
             from different women. How often and under what circumstances
             do women in nonmarital MPF intimate unions with men coparent
             their partners’ children from other relationships? We
             explored this question using a modified grounded theory
             approach and secondary longitudinal ethnographic data on 256
             low-income mostly unmarried mothers from the Three-City
             Study. Results indicated that 78% of the mothers had been or
             were involved in MPF unions and while most had othermothered
             the children of their friends and relatives, 89% indicated
             that they did not coparent their partners’ children from
             any MPF relationship. Mothers’ reasons for not doing so
             were embedded in: (a) gendered scripts around second
             families or casa chicas; (b) the tenuous nature of
             pass-through MPF relationships; and, (c) mothers’ own
             desires for their romantic partners to child-swap.
             Implications of this research for family science and
             practice are discussed.},
   Key = {fds217731}
}


%% Articles and Chapters   
@article{fds338543,
   Author = {Zvara, BJ and Macfie, J and Cox, M and Mills-Koonce, R and Family Life
             Project Key Investigators},
   Title = {Mother-child role confusion, child adjustment problems, and
             the moderating roles of child temperament and
             sex.},
   Journal = {Developmental Psychology},
   Volume = {54},
   Number = {10},
   Pages = {1891-1903},
   Year = {2018},
   Month = {October},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/dev0000556},
   Abstract = {Role confusion is a deviation in the parent-child
             relationship such that a parent looks to a child to meet the
             parent's emotional needs and abdicates, in part, the
             parental role in exchange for care, intimacy, or peer
             support from the child. In addition, a child may initiate
             role-confused behavior in order to gain closeness to a
             parent who is otherwise preoccupied by his or her own needs.
             The current study examined associations between mother-child
             role confusion at age 5 (we coded role confusion from filmed
             free-play mother-child interactions) and teacher reports of
             internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and peer problems,
             at Grade 1. The sample (N = 557) is from a longitudinal
             study of families in rural communities, the Family Life
             Project. Mother-child role confusion predicted internalizing
             symptoms and peer problems (but not externalizing symptoms)
             above and beyond other dimensions of maternal parenting
             (sensitivity and harsh intrusiveness), demographic factors,
             and prior levels of outcome variables. However, some effect
             sizes were small, making replication desirable. Temperament
             and child sex were important moderators: girls with
             difficult temperaments and boys with easy temperaments were
             more vulnerable to internalizing symptoms (but not
             externalizing symptoms or peer problems) in the context of
             role confusion. We discuss the singular importance of role
             confusion, a construct that has been largely unrecognized by
             developmental psychologists until recently, for behavioral
             outcomes of children as they transition into middle
             childhood. (PsycINFO Database Record},
   Doi = {10.1037/dev0000556},
   Key = {fds338543}
}

@article{fds338544,
   Author = {Berry, D and Vernon-Feagans, L and Mills-Koonce, WR and Blair, C and Family Life Project Key Investigators},
   Title = {Otitis media and respiratory sinus arrhythmia across infancy
             and early childhood: Polyvagal processes?},
   Journal = {Developmental Psychology},
   Volume = {54},
   Number = {9},
   Pages = {1709-1722},
   Year = {2018},
   Month = {September},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/dev0000488},
   Abstract = {Otitis media (OM)-or middle-ear inflammation-is the most
             widely diagnosed childhood illness, with evidence
             implicating OM in a range of distal problems (e.g., language
             delays, attention problems). Polyvagal theory (Porges, 1995,
             2007) posits that there also are likely important
             connections between middle-ear functioning and children's
             developing parasympathetic nervous systems (PNS). Using
             prospective longitudinal data from the Family Life Project
             (n = 748), we tested within- and between-person relations
             between indicators of OM (middle-ear spectral gradient
             angle; SGA) and children's trajectories of respiratory sinus
             arrhythmia (RSA)-a marker of parasympathetic control of the
             heart-between the ages of 7 and 35 months. The results
             suggested that, irrespective of age, children with
             indications of chronic OM (low cumulative SGA) tended to
             show atypical RSA reactivity to moderate cognitive
             challenge, compared with the reactivity patterns of their
             low-OM-risk peers (mid-to-high cumulative SGA).
             Specifically, on average, low-OM-risk children showed RSA
             decreases in the context of challenge in infancy, with the
             magnitude of the decline weakening and eventually changing
             direction (i.e., RSA increase) by 35 months. In contrast,
             those with indicators of chronic OM evinced blunted RSA
             responses to challenge, irrespective of age. Within-person,
             temporal bouts of OM-risk were not predictive of
             within-person changes in RSA reactivity across early
             childhood. (PsycINFO Database Record},
   Doi = {10.1037/dev0000488},
   Key = {fds338544}
}

@article{fds327021,
   Author = {Willoughby, MT and Magnus, B and Vernon-Feagans, L and Blair, CB and Family Life Project Investigators},
   Title = {Developmental Delays in Executive Function from 3 to 5 Years
             of Age Predict Kindergarten Academic Readiness.},
   Journal = {Journal of Learning Disabilities},
   Volume = {50},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {359-372},
   Year = {2017},
   Month = {July},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022219415619754},
   Abstract = {Substantial evidence has established that individual
             differences in executive function (EF) in early childhood
             are uniquely predictive of children's academic readiness at
             school entry. The current study tested whether growth
             trajectories of EF across the early childhood period could
             be used to identify a subset of children who were at
             pronounced risk for academic impairment in kindergarten.
             Using data that were collected at the age 3, 4, and 5 home
             assessments in the Family Life Project ( N = 1,120), growth
             mixture models were used to identify 9% of children who
             exhibited impaired EF performance (i.e., persistently low
             levels of EF that did not show expected improvements across
             time). Compared to children who exhibited typical
             trajectories of EF, the delayed group exhibited substantial
             impairments in multiple indicators of academic readiness in
             kindergarten (Cohen's ds = 0.9-2.7; odds ratios = 9.8-23.8).
             Although reduced in magnitude following control for a range
             of socioeconomic and cognitive (general intelligence
             screener, receptive vocabulary) covariates, moderate-sized
             group differences remained (Cohen's ds = 0.2-2.4; odds
             ratios = 3.9-5.4). Results are discussed with respect to the
             use of repeated measures of EF as a method of early
             identification, as well as the resulting translational
             implications of doing so.},
   Doi = {10.1177/0022219415619754},
   Key = {fds327021}
}

@article{fds335777,
   Author = {Wang, F and Algina, J and Snyder, P and Cox, M and Vernon-Feagans, L and Blair, C and Burchinal, M and Burton, L and Crnic, K and Crouter, A and Garrett-Peters, P and Greenberg, M and Lanza, S and Mills-Koonce, R and Werner, E and Willoughby, M},
   Title = {Children’s task engagement during challenging puzzle
             tasks},
   Journal = {Merrill Palmer Quarterly},
   Volume = {63},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {425-457},
   Publisher = {Wayne State University Press},
   Year = {2017},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.13110/merrpalmquar1982.63.4.0425},
   Abstract = {© 2018 by Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI 48201.
             We examined children’s task engagement during a
             challenging puzzle task in the presence of their primary
             caregivers by using a representative sample of rural
             children from six high-poverty counties across two states.
             Weighted longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis and
             structural equation modeling were used to identify a task
             engagement factor indicated by child positive mood,
             persistence, enthusiasm, and compliance at both 24 and 35
             months. Child attention and maternal responsiveness were
             significantly related to child task engagement at 24 and 35
             months controlling for demographic factors. Additionally, a
             challenging behavior factor in children’s task-oriented
             behaviors was found as indicated by child negative mood,
             aggression and noncompliance. This factor was predicted by
             low maternal acceptance of child behaviors. Theoretical and
             practical implications are discussed.},
   Doi = {10.13110/merrpalmquar1982.63.4.0425},
   Key = {fds335777}
}

@article{fds318915,
   Author = {Kuhn, LJ and Willoughby, MT and Vernon-Feagans, L and Blair, CB and Family Life Project Key Investigators},
   Title = {The contribution of children's time-specific and
             longitudinal expressive language skills on developmental
             trajectories of executive function.},
   Journal = {Journal of Experimental Child Psychology},
   Volume = {148},
   Pages = {20-34},
   Year = {2016},
   Month = {August},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2016.03.008},
   Abstract = {To investigate whether children's early language skills
             support the development of executive functions (EFs), the
             current study used an epidemiological sample (N=1121) to
             determine whether two key language indicators, vocabulary
             and language complexity, were predictive of EF abilities
             over the preschool years. We examined vocabulary and
             language complexity both as time-varying covariates that
             predicted time-specific indicators of EF at 36 and 60 months
             of age and as time-invariant covariates that predicted
             children's EF at 60 months and change in EF from 36 to 60
             months. We found that the rate of change in children's
             vocabulary between 15 and 36 months was associated with both
             the trajectory of EF from 36 to 60 months and the resulting
             abilities at 60 months. In contrast, children's language
             complexity had a time-specific association with EF only at
             60 months. These findings suggest that children's early
             gains in vocabulary may be particularly relevant for
             emerging EF abilities.},
   Doi = {10.1016/j.jecp.2016.03.008},
   Key = {fds318915}
}

@article{fds318917,
   Author = {Berry, D and Blair, C and Granger, DA and Vernon-Feagans, L and Cox, M and Burchinal, P and Mills-Koonce, R and Willoughby, M and Garrett-Peters, P and Crouter, A and Greenberg, M and Lanza, S and Werner, E and Burton, L and Crnic, K},
   Title = {Child Care and Cortisol Across Infancy and Toddlerhood:
             Poverty, Peers, and Developmental Timing},
   Journal = {Family Relations},
   Volume = {65},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {51-72},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Editor = {Middlemiss, W},
   Year = {2016},
   Month = {February},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fare.12184},
   Abstract = {© 2016 by the National Council on Family Relations.
             Evidence suggests that relations between child care and
             children's development-behaviorally and physiologically-likely
             differ between children from high- versus low-risk contexts.
             Using data from the Family Life Project (N = 1,155), the
             authors tested (a) whether within- and between-child
             differences in children's child care experiences (i.e.,
             quantity, type, caregiver responsivity, and peer exposure)
             were predictive of their cortisol levels across infancy and
             toddlerhood and (b) whether these relations differed for
             children experiencing different levels of environmental
             risk. They found some evidence of such interactive effects.
             For children from high-risk contexts, within-child increases
             in child care hours were predictive of cortisol decreases.
             The inverse was evident for children from low-risk contexts.
             This relation grew across toddlerhood. Whereas a history of
             greater center-based child care was predictive of heightened
             cortisol levels for low-risk families, this was not the case
             for children from high-risk families. Irrespective of risk,
             greater peer exposure (between children) was associated with
             lower cortisol levels.},
   Doi = {10.1111/fare.12184},
   Key = {fds318917}
}

@article{fds303869,
   Author = {Garrett-Peters, R and Burton, L},
   Title = {Tenuous ties: The nature and costs of kin support among
             low-income rural African American mothers},
   Journal = {Women, Gender, and Families of Color},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {December},
   Key = {fds303869}
}

@article{fds303870,
   Author = {Welsh, W and Burton, L},
   Title = {Home, heart, and being Latina:Housing and intimate
             relationship power among low-income Mexican
             mothers},
   Journal = {Sociology of Race and Ethnicity},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {December},
   Key = {fds303870}
}

@article{fds318918,
   Author = {Bair-Merritt, MH and Voegtline, K and Ghazarian, SR and Granger, DA and Blair, C and Family Life Project Investigators, and Johnson,
             SB},
   Title = {Maternal intimate partner violence exposure, child cortisol
             reactivity and child asthma.},
   Journal = {Child Abuse & Neglect},
   Volume = {48},
   Pages = {50-57},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {October},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.11.003},
   Abstract = {Psychosocial stressors like intimate partner violence (IPV)
             exposure are associated with increased risk of childhood
             asthma. Longitudinal studies have not investigated the role
             of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity (and
             associated alterations in cortisol release) in the child IPV
             exposure-asthma association. We sought to investigate this
             association, and to assess whether this relationship differs
             by child HPA reactivity. This secondary analysis used
             longitudinal cohort data from the Family Life Project.
             Participants included 1,292 low-income children and mothers;
             maternal interview and child biomarker data, including
             maternal report of IPV and child asthma, and child salivary
             cortisol obtained with validated stress reactivity
             paradigms, were collected when the child was 7, 15, 24, 35,
             and 48 months. Using structural equation modeling, maternal
             IPV when the child was 7 months of age predicted subsequent
             reports of childhood asthma (B=0.18, p=.002). This
             association differed according to the child's HPA reactivity
             status, with IPV exposed children who were HPA reactors at 7
             and 15 months of age--defined as a ≥10% increase in
             cortisol level twenty minutes post peak arousal during the
             challenge tasks and a raw increase of at least
             .02μg/dl--being significantly at risk for asthma (7 months:
             B=0.17, p=.02; 15 months: B=0.17, p=.02). Our findings
             provide support that children who are physiologically
             reactive are the most vulnerable to adverse health outcomes
             when faced with environmental stressors.},
   Doi = {10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.11.003},
   Key = {fds318918}
}

@article{fds299463,
   Author = {Garrett-Peters, R and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Reframing Marriage and Marital Delay Among Low-Income
             Mothers: An Interactionist Perspective},
   Journal = {Journal of Family Theory and Review},
   Volume = {7},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {242-264},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Editor = {Goodsell, TL and Zvonkovic, A},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {September},
   ISSN = {1756-2570},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jftr.12089},
   Doi = {10.1111/jftr.12089},
   Key = {fds299463}
}

@article{fds318920,
   Author = {Blair, C and Ursache, A and Mills-Koonce, R and Stifter, C and Voegtline, K and Granger, DA and Family Life Project
             Investigators},
   Title = {Emotional reactivity and parenting sensitivity interact to
             predict cortisol output in toddlers.},
   Journal = {Developmental Psychology},
   Volume = {51},
   Number = {9},
   Pages = {1271-1277},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {September},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/dev0000031},
   Abstract = {Cortisol output in response to emotion induction procedures
             was examined at child age 24 months in a prospective
             longitudinal sample of 1,292 children and families in
             predominantly low-income and nonurban communities in two
             regions of high poverty in the United States. Multilevel
             analysis indicated that observed emotional reactivity to a
             mask presentation but not a toy removal procedure interacted
             with sensitive parenting to predict cortisol levels in
             children. For children experiencing high levels of sensitive
             parenting, cortisol output was high among children
             exhibiting high emotional reactivity and low among children
             exhibiting low emotional reactivity. For children
             experiencing low levels of sensitive parenting, cortisol
             output was unrelated to emotional reactivity.},
   Doi = {10.1037/dev0000031},
   Key = {fds318920}
}

@article{fds288497,
   Author = {Zvara, BJ and Mills-Koonce, WR and Heilbron, N and Clincy, A and Cox,
             MJ and Vernon-Feagans, L and Cox, M and Blair, C and Burchinal, P and Burton, L and Crnic, K and Crouter, A and Garrett-Peters, P and Greenberg, M and Lanza, S and Mills-Koonce, R and Werner, E and Willoughby, M},
   Title = {The Interdependence of Adult Relationship Quality and
             Parenting Behaviours among African American and European
             Couples in Rural, Low-Income Communities},
   Journal = {Infant and Child Development},
   Volume = {24},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {343-363},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Editor = {Lunkenheimer, ES and Leerkes, EM},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {May},
   ISSN = {1522-7227},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/icd.1919},
   Abstract = {© 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The present study extends
             the spillover and crossover hypotheses to more carefully
             model the potential interdependence between parent-parent
             interaction quality and parent-child interaction quality in
             family systems. Using propensity score matching, the present
             study attempted to isolate family processes that are unique
             across African American and European American couples that
             are independent of other socio-demographic factors to
             further clarify how interparental relationships may be
             related to parenting in a rural, low-income sample. The
             Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM), a statistical
             analysis technique that accounts for the interdependence of
             relationship data, was used with a sample of married and
             non-married cohabiting African American and European
             American couples (n=82dyads) to evaluate whether mothers'
             and fathers' observed parenting behaviours are related to
             their behaviours and their partner's behaviours observed in
             a couple problem-solving interaction. Findings revealed that
             interparental withdrawal behaviour, but not conflict
             behaviour, was associated with less optimal parenting for
             fathers but not mothers, and specifically so for African
             American fathers. Our findings support the notion of
             interdependence across subsystems within the family and
             suggest that African American fathers may be specifically
             responsive to variations in interparental relationship
             quality.},
   Doi = {10.1002/icd.1919},
   Key = {fds288497}
}

@article{fds318919,
   Author = {Willoughby, MT and Stifter, CA and Gottfredson, NC and Family Life
             Project Investigators},
   Title = {The epidemiology of observed temperament: Factor structure
             and demographic group differences.},
   Journal = {Infant Behavior & Development},
   Volume = {39},
   Pages = {21-34},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {May},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2015.02.001},
   Abstract = {This study investigated the factor structure of
             observational indicators of children's temperament that were
             collected across the first three years of life in the Family
             Life Project (N=1205) sample. A four-factor model (activity
             level, fear, anger, regulation), which corresponded broadly
             to Rothbart's distinction between reactivity and regulation,
             provided an acceptable fit the observed data. Tests of
             measurement invariance demonstrated that a majority of the
             observational indicators exhibited comparable measurement
             properties for male vs. female, black vs. white, and poor
             vs. not-poor children, which improved the generalizability
             of these results. Unadjusted demographic group comparisons
             revealed small to moderate sized differences (Cohen
             ds=|.23-.42|) in temperamental reactivity and moderate to
             large sized differences (Cohen ds=-.64--.97) in regulation.
             Collectively, demographic variables explained more of the
             variation in regulation (R(2)=.25) than in reactivity
             (R(2)=.02-.06). Follow-up analyses demonstrated that race
             differences were substantially diminished in magnitude and
             better accounted for by poverty. These results help to
             validate the distinction between temperamental reactivity
             and regulation using observational indicators.},
   Doi = {10.1016/j.infbeh.2015.02.001},
   Key = {fds318919}
}

@article{fds255323,
   Author = {Ritchie, L and Burton, L},
   Title = {WEATHERING OF LOW-INCOME WOMEN IN RURAL NORTH CAROLINA:
             IMPACT OF SEXUAL ABUSE & DOMESTIC VIOLENCE},
   Journal = {Gerontologist},
   Volume = {54},
   Pages = {113-113},
   Publisher = {OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC},
   Year = {2014},
   Month = {November},
   ISSN = {0016-9013},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000346337501238&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Key = {fds255323}
}

@article{fds288498,
   Author = {Berry, D and Blair, C and Ursache, A and Willoughby, MT and Granger, DA and Family Life Project Key Investigators},
   Title = {Early childcare, executive functioning, and the moderating
             role of early stress physiology.},
   Journal = {Developmental Psychology},
   Volume = {50},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {1250-1261},
   Year = {2014},
   Month = {April},
   ISSN = {0012-1649},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0034700},
   Abstract = {Intervention studies indicate that children's childcare
             experiences can be leveraged to support the development of
             executive functioning (EF). The role of more normative
             childcare experiences is less clear. Increasingly, theory
             and empirical work suggest that individual differences in
             children's physiological stress systems may be associated
             with meaningful differences in the way they experience these
             early environments. Using data from a large population-based
             sample of predominantly low-income rural families, we tested
             the degree to which children's childcare
             experiences--quantity, quality, and type--in the first 3
             years of life predicted emerging EF. Moreover, we examined
             whether these effects varied as a function of children's
             basal cortisol levels in infancy and toddlerhood--an
             indicator of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis
             stress physiology. Our results showed that higher quality
             care predicted more effective EF at 48 months, irrespective
             of quantity or type. This relation did not vary as a
             function of children's early cortisol levels. Attending
             greater hours of care per week was also related to EF;
             however--consistent with theory--the positive association
             between spending more time in childcare and more positive EF
             extended only to children with low levels of basal cortisol
             at 7 or 24 months of age. Attending center-based care was
             unassociated with EF.},
   Doi = {10.1037/a0034700},
   Key = {fds288498}
}

@article{fds255324,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Seeking Romance in the Crosshairs of Multiple-Partner
             Fertility: Ethnographic Insights on Low-Income Urban and
             Rural Mothers},
   Journal = {The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
             Science},
   Volume = {654},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {185-212},
   Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
   Editor = {Carlson, MJ and Meyer, DR},
   Year = {2014},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0002-7162},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716214530831},
   Abstract = {Using longitudinal ethnographic data on low-income rural and
             urban mostly single mothers, I explore the romance-seeking
             behaviors of women whose intimate relationships are
             characterized by multiple-partner fertility (MPF). MPF
             involves mothers and/or their love interests having
             biological children with other partners, frequently in
             nonmarital, transient unions. Romance comprises mothers'
             feelings and social interactions related to being chosen,
             erotic love, and adulation of the other. Findings indicate
             most mothers selectively engaged in one of four types of
             romance-seeking behaviors: casual, illusionist, pragmatic,
             or strategic. Mothers' romantic actions are associated with
             their desires to have loving experiences outside the
             challenges of daily life in poverty and its corollary
             uncertainty. Moreover, mothers involved in the most complex
             forms of MPF openly compete with other women for "first
             wife" status in a stratified partnering system called
             rostering-a term coined by respondents in the ethnographies
             reported here. Implications of these findings for future
             research are discussed. © 2014 by The American Academy of
             Political and Social Science.},
   Doi = {10.1177/0002716214530831},
   Key = {fds255324}
}

@article{fds255404,
   Author = {George, LK and Gold, DT},
   Title = {Life course perspectives on intergenerational and
             generational connections},
   Volume = {16},
   Number = {3/4},
   Pages = {67-88},
   Year = {2014},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315059303},
   Abstract = {© 1991 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved. Life
             course perspectives are recent additions to the conceptual
             armamentarium of the social sciences. Nonetheless, they
             already have demonstrated their value for understanding
             temporal aspects of life patterns. At the individual level,
             life course perspectives have proven to be especially
             important in highlighting the ways that events and decisions
             that occur earlier in life can have persistent effects on
             the structure and quality of life at later points in time.
             At the macro, population-based level, life course
             perspectives have been useful in highlighting the ways in
             whichsocial change generates different patterns of social
             structure and personal biography across cohorts.},
   Doi = {10.4324/9781315059303},
   Key = {fds255404}
}

@article{fds318916,
   Author = {Odom, EC and Garrett-Peters, P and Vernon-Feagans, L and Cox, M and Blair, C and Burchinal, P and Burton, L and Crnic, K and Crouter, A and Greenberg, M and Lanza, S and Mills-Koonce, R and Skinner, D and Werner,
             E and Willoughby, M},
   Title = {Racial Discrimination as a Correlate of African American
             Mothers’ Emotion Talk to Young Children},
   Journal = {Journal of Family Issues},
   Volume = {37},
   Number = {7},
   Pages = {970-996},
   Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
   Year = {2014},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513X14521196},
   Abstract = {© 2014, © The Author(s) 2014. The current study was
             designed to test hypotheses derived from an ecological
             framework regarding the association between perceived racial
             discrimination and maternal emotion talk among a sample of
             415 African American mothers living in the rural South.
             Mothers reported on experiences with racial discrimination
             when her child was 24 months old. Additionally, maternal
             emotion awareness was assessed by mothers’ use of emotion
             words during an emotion-laden picture book interaction with
             her young child. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed
             that mothers’ perception of racism was a significant
             positive predictor of mothers’ emotion words, even after
             controlling for a variety of distal demographics and
             maternal and child characteristics. However, this main
             effect was qualified by significant interactions.
             Specifically, the strength of the association between
             perceived discrimination and mothers’ emotion words was
             reduced in the presence of maternal psychological supports,
             including greater life satisfaction and knowledge of child
             development.},
   Doi = {10.1177/0192513X14521196},
   Key = {fds318916}
}

@article{fds255446,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Lichter, DT and Baker, RS and Eason,
             JM},
   Title = {Inequality, Family Processes, and Health in the "New" Rural
             America},
   Journal = {American Behavioral Scientist},
   Volume = {57},
   Number = {8},
   Pages = {1128-1151},
   Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
   Year = {2013},
   Month = {August},
   ISSN = {0002-7642},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764213487348},
   Abstract = {Rural America is commonly viewed as a repository of virtuous
             and patriotic values, deeply rooted in a proud immigrant
             history of farmers and industrious working-class White
             ethnics from northern Europe. These views are not always
             consistent with the population and socioeconomic realities
             of rural terrains. Exceptions to these stereotypes are
             self-evident among large poor racial/ethnic minorities
             residing in rural ghettos in the "dirty" South and among
             poor Whites living in remote, mountainous areas of
             Appalachia. For these disadvantaged populations,
             sociocultural and economic isolation, a lack of quality
             education, too few jobs, and poor health have taken a human
             toll, generation after generation. Moreover, the past
             several decades have brought dramatic shifts in the spatial
             distribution and magnitude of poverty in these areas. And,
             America's persistent racial inequalities have continued to
             fester as rural communities become home to urban-origin
             racial minority migrants and immigrants from Mexico and
             Latin America. As a result, the face of rural America has
             changed, quite literally. In this article, we address the
             primary question these changes pose: How will shifting
             inequalities anchored in poverty and race shape health
             disparities in a "new" rural America? Guided by fundamental
             cause theory, we explore the scope and sources of poverty
             and race inequalities in rural America, how patterns in
             these inequalities are transduced within families, and what
             these inequalities mean for the future of health disparities
             within and across rural U.S. terrains. Our goal is to review
             and interrogate the extant literature on this topic with the
             intent of offering recommendations for future research. ©
             2013 SAGE Publications.},
   Doi = {10.1177/0002764213487348},
   Key = {fds255446}
}

@article{fds318921,
   Author = {Barnett, MA and Mills-Koonce, WR and Gustafsson, H and Cox, M and Vernon-Feagans, L and Blair, C and Burchinal, P and Burton, L and Crnic,
             K and Crouter, A and Garrett-Peters, P and Greenberg, M and Lanza, S and Roger Mills-Koonce and W and Skinner, D and Stifter, C and Werner, E and Willoughby, M},
   Title = {Mother-Grandmother Conflict, Negative Parenting, and Young
             Children's Social Development in Multigenerational
             Families},
   Journal = {Family Relations},
   Volume = {61},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {864-877},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Year = {2012},
   Month = {December},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2012.00731.x},
   Abstract = {Mutigenerational households that include grandmothers and
             adult mothers caring for grandchildren are increasingly
             common. The influence, however, of mother-grandmother
             relationship quality and grandmothers' parenting on
             grandchildren's social development remains largely
             unexplored in these three-generation households. This study
             examines linkages among caregiver depressive symptoms,
             mother-grandmother verbal conflict, observed parenting, and
             36-month-old grandchildren's problem and prosocial behaviors
             among a subsample from the Family Life Project (N = 85)
             consisting of economically disadvantaged multigenerational
             families. The findings suggest that mother-grandmother
             relationship conflict presents a risk to children's behavior
             directly and indirectly via mothers' negative parenting
             behaviors. Mothers seem to be more influenced by the
             mother-grandmother relationship than grandmothers. These
             results highlight the importance of including
             mother-grandmother conflict in mutigenerational families in
             family assessments and interventions. © 2012 by the
             National Council on Family Relations.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3729.2012.00731.x},
   Key = {fds318921}
}

@article{fds255452,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Hardaway, CR},
   Title = {Low-income mothers as "othermothers" to their romantic
             partners' children: women's coparenting in multiple partner
             fertility relationships.},
   Journal = {Family Process},
   Volume = {51},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {343-359},
   Year = {2012},
   Month = {September},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2012.01401.x},
   Abstract = {In this article, we investigated low-income mothers'
             involvement in multiple partner fertility (MPF)
             relationships and their experiences as "othermothers" to
             their romantic partners' children from previous and
             concurrent intimate unions. Othermothering, as somewhat
             distinct from stepmothering, involves culturally-scripted
             practices of sharing parenting responsibilities with
             children's biological parents. We framed this investigation
             using this concept because previous research suggests that
             many low-income women practice this form of coparenting in
             their friend and kin networks. What is not apparent in this
             literature, however, is whether women unilaterally
             othermother their romantic partners' children from different
             women. How often and under what circumstances do women in
             nonmarital MPF intimate unions with men coparent their
             partners' children from other relationships? We explored
             this question using a modified grounded theory approach and
             secondary longitudinal ethnographic data on 256 low-income
             mostly unmarried mothers from the Three-City Study. Results
             indicated that 78% of the mothers had been or were involved
             in MPF unions and while most had othermothered the children
             of their friends and relatives, 89% indicated that they did
             not coparent their partners' children from any MPF
             relationship. Mothers' reasons for not doing so were
             embedded in: (a) gendered scripts around second families, or
             "casa chicas"; (b) the tenuous nature of pass-through MPF
             relationships; and (c) mothers' own desires for their
             romantic partners to child-swap. Implications of this
             research for family science and practice are
             discussed.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1545-5300.2012.01401.x},
   Key = {fds255452}
}

@article{fds318922,
   Author = {Vernon-Feagans, L and Garrett-Peters, P and Willoughby, M and Mills-Koonce, R and Cox, M and Blair, C and Burchinal, P and Burton, L and Crnic, K and Crouter, N and Granger, D and Greenberg, M and Lanza, S and Miccio, A and Skinner, D and Stifter, C and Werner,
             E},
   Title = {Chaos, poverty, and parenting: Predictors of early language
             development},
   Journal = {Early Childhood Research Quarterly},
   Volume = {27},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {339-351},
   Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
   Year = {2012},
   Month = {July},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2011.11.001},
   Abstract = {Studies have shown that distal family risk factors like
             poverty and maternal education are strongly related to
             children's early language development. Yet, few studies have
             examined these risk factors in combination with more
             proximal day-to-day experiences of children that might be
             critical to understanding variation in early language. Young
             children's exposure to a chronically chaotic household may
             be one critical experience that is related to poorer
             language, beyond the contribution of SES and other
             demographic variables. In addition, it is not clear whether
             parenting might mediate the relationship between chaos and
             language. The purpose of this study was to understand how
             multiple indicators of chaos over children's first three
             years of life, in a representative sample of children living
             in low wealth rural communities, were related to child
             expressive and receptive language at 36 months. Factor
             analysis of 10 chaos indicators over five time periods
             suggested two factors that were named household
             disorganization and instability. Results suggested that
             after accounting for thirteen covariates like maternal
             education and poverty, one of two chaos composites
             (household disorganization) accounted for significant
             variance in receptive and expressive language. Parenting
             partially mediated this relationship although household
             disorganization continued to account for unique variance in
             predicting early language. © 2011 Elsevier
             Inc.},
   Doi = {10.1016/j.ecresq.2011.11.001},
   Key = {fds318922}
}

@article{fds255392,
   Author = {Garrett-Peters, R and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Talk, action, and chronic uncertainty: Rethinking marriage
             and marital delay among low-income women},
   Year = {2012},
   Abstract = {Contemporary marriage researchers acknowledge low-income
             women�s retreat from marriage, but emphasize that these
             women still vaunt marriage as a common end-goal. Researchers
             maintain that, rather than delay childbearing, these women
             prefer to have children in the meantime and postpone
             marriage until conditions are ideal. In the present paper we
             unpack this paradox and argue that the situation is not
             nearly as straightforward as researchers imply. Taking an
             interactionist approach, we analyze cases from a
             longitudinal ethnographic study of low-income rural mothers
             to assess how these women talk about and act toward their
             intimate relationships en route to marriage over time.
             Instead of a tendency to delay marriage for idealized
             reasons, we see an inherent contradiction between what these
             low-income women say about marriage and what they actually
             do given the instabilities and uncertainties involved in
             moving toward marriage in low-income worlds.},
   Key = {fds255392}
}

@article{fds255394,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Seamster, L},
   Title = {A culmulative disadvantage model of intimate unions among
             low-income women},
   Year = {2012},
   Key = {fds255394}
}

@article{fds255395,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Welsh, W and Flippen, C},
   Title = {Race, housing, and intimate union power in the lives of
             low-income mothers},
   Year = {2012},
   Key = {fds255395}
}

@article{fds255396,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Welsh, WC and R L and L and T, and Kull,
             M},
   Title = {Public housing use trajectories in the adult lives of
             low-income mothers: A mixed methods analysis},
   Year = {2012},
   Key = {fds255396}
}

@article{fds255397,
   Author = {Welsh, W and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Weapons of the weak and housing in the lives of low-income
             mothers},
   Year = {2012},
   Key = {fds255397}
}

@article{fds255398,
   Author = {Welsh, W and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Home and heart: Housing and relationship power among
             low-income mothers},
   Year = {2012},
   Abstract = {Using longitudinal ethnographic data from the Three-City
             Study, we explored the interplay of housing dependency and
             relationship power for a subsample (N=29) of low-income
             mothers of Mexican descent residing in San Antonio and
             Chicago. Guided by a social exchange perspective, we
             examined the factors that differentially constrained and
             channeled mothers� housing options, and how housing, as a
             resource, impacted mothers� power in their romantic
             unions. We identified several differences between Mexican
             immigrants and native-born Mexican Americans, both in terms
             of housing dependency and relationship power. In general,
             mothers� control of housing corresponded to increased
             relationship power.},
   Key = {fds255398}
}

@article{fds255399,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Garrett-Peters, R and Mora, R and Welsh,
             W},
   Title = {El que diran and the romantic unions of low-income Latina
             mothers: An ethnographic perspective},
   Year = {2012},
   Key = {fds255399}
}

@article{fds255451,
   Author = {Cross-Barnet, C and Cherlin, A and Burton, L},
   Title = {Bound by Children: Intermittent Cohabitation and Living
             Together Apart.},
   Journal = {Family Relations},
   Volume = {60},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {633-647},
   Year = {2011},
   Month = {December},
   ISSN = {0197-6664},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000297155100012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {In this article, we examine variations in low-income
             mothers' patterns of intermittent cohabitation and the
             voluntary and involuntary nature of these unions.
             Intermittent cohabitation involves couples living together
             and separating in repeating cycles. Using Three-City Study
             ethnographic data, we identified 45 low-income mothers
             involved in these arrangements, 18 of whom resided with
             their children's fathers occasionally while saying that they
             were not in a cohabiting relationship. We term such
             relationships living together apart (LTA). Data analysis
             revealed that distinct patterns of voluntary and involuntary
             separations and reunifications characterized intermittent
             cohabitation and LTA and that these relationships were
             shaped by the bonds that shared parenting created and the
             economic needs of both parents. We argue that these
             dimensions may explain some disparate accounts of
             cohabitation status in low-income populations. They also
             demonstrate previously unexplored diversity in cohabiting
             relationships and suggest further questioning contemporary
             definitions of families.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3729.2011.00664.x},
   Key = {fds255451}
}

@article{fds255450,
   Author = {Lawson Clark and S and Burton, LM and Flippen, CA},
   Title = {Housing Dependence and Intimate Relationships in the Lives
             of Low-Income Puerto Rican Mothers},
   Journal = {Journal of Family Issues},
   Volume = {32},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {369-393},
   Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
   Year = {2011},
   Month = {March},
   ISSN = {0192-513X},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x10379712},
   Abstract = {Using longitudinal ethnographic data from the Three-City
             Study, we examined the relationship between sixteen
             low-income Puerto Rican mothers' housing dependencies and
             their intimate partner relations. We traced mothers'
             dependent housing arrangements and entrée to marital or
             cohabiting relationships from their teens through their
             procurement of independent housing while entering and
             maintaining intimate partner unions as adults. Findings
             indicated that various trigger factors led women out of
             their natal homes and into expedited cohabitation with
             romantic partners which frequently resulted in unstable
             unions in which mothers had little power and autonomy. As
             mothers became eligible for housing subsidies they obtained
             housing independent from their male partners, potentially
             increasing the propensity for greater relationship power.
             Housing independence, however, was not without problems.
             Spillover effects, such as shadowing partners, threatened
             housing stability and mothers' independence. The relevance
             of these findings for future research is
             discussed.},
   Doi = {10.1177/0192513x10379712},
   Key = {fds255450}
}

@article{fds255448,
   Author = {Tubbs, CY and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Family theories and families of color},
   Journal = {Invited Chapter for the Handbook of Family Theories: a
             Content Based Approach, Mark Fine and Frank Fincham
             (Eds.)},
   Year = {2011},
   Key = {fds255448}
}

@article{fds255449,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Ray, V and Seamster, L},
   Title = {Back to the future: considering contemporary approaches on
             race, ethnicity, and colorism in family therapy and
             research},
   Journal = {Invited Article for the Journal Family Process},
   Year = {2011},
   Key = {fds255449}
}

@article{fds255453,
   Author = {Arditti, J and Burton, L and Neeves-Botelho, S},
   Title = {Maternal distress and parenting in the context of cumulative
             disadvantage.},
   Journal = {Family Process},
   Volume = {49},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {142-164},
   Year = {2010},
   Month = {June},
   ISSN = {0014-7370},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000277974500002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {This article presents an emergent conceptual model of the
             features and links between cumulative disadvantage, maternal
             distress, and parenting practices in low-income families in
             which parental incarceration has occurred. The model emerged
             from the integration of extant conceptual and empirical
             research with grounded theory analysis of longitudinal
             ethnographic data from Welfare, Children, and Families: A
             Three-City Study. Fourteen exemplar family cases were used
             in the analysis. Results indicated that mothers in these
             families experienced life in the context of cumulative
             disadvantage, reporting a cascade of difficulties
             characterized by neighborhood worries, provider concerns,
             bureaucratic difficulties, violent intimate relationships,
             and the inability to meet children's needs. Mothers,
             however, also had an intense desire to protect their
             children, and to make up for past mistakes. Although, in
             response to high levels of maternal distress and
             disadvantage, most mothers exhibited harsh discipline of
             their children, some mothers transformed their distress by
             advocating for their children under difficult circumstances.
             Women's use of harsh discipline and advocacy was not
             necessarily an "either/or" phenomenon as half of the mothers
             included in our analysis exhibited both harsh discipline and
             care/advocacy behaviors. Maternal distress characterized by
             substance use, while connected to harsh disciplinary
             behavior, did not preclude mothers engaging in positive
             parenting behaviors.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1545-5300.2010.01315.x},
   Key = {fds255453}
}

@article{fds255456,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Bonilla-Silva, E and Ray, V and Buckelew, R and Hordge
             Freeman, E},
   Title = {Critical race theories, colorism, and the decade's research
             on families of color},
   Journal = {Journal of Marriage and the Family},
   Volume = {72},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {440-459},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Year = {2010},
   Month = {June},
   ISSN = {0022-2445},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000278914800003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {In the millennium's inaugural decade, 2 interrelated trends
             influenced research on America's families of color: the need
             for new knowledge about America's growing ethnic/racial
             minority and immigrant populations and conceptual advances
             in critical race theories and perspectives on colorism.
             Three substantive areas reflecting researchers' interests in
             these trends emerged as the most frequently studied topics
             about families of color: inequality and socioeconomic
             mobility within and across families, interracial romantic
             pairings, and the racial socialization of children. In this
             review, we synthesize and critique the decade's scholarly
             literature on these topics. We devote special attention to
             advances in knowledge made by family-relevant research that
             incorporated ways of thinking from critical race theories
             and the conceptual discourse on colorism. Copyright ©
             National Council on Family Relations, 2010.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00712.x},
   Key = {fds255456}
}

@article{fds318923,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Bromell, L},
   Title = {Childhood illness, family comorbidity, and cumulative
             disadvantage: An ethnographic treatise on low-income
             mothers' health in later life},
   Journal = {Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics},
   Volume = {30},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {233-265},
   Publisher = {Springer Publishing Company},
   Year = {2010},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0198-8794.30.233},
   Abstract = {Using longitudinal ethnographic data on low-income families
             residing in Boston, Chicago, and San Antonio, we explore the
             ways in which childhood illness, family comorbidity, and
             cumulative disadvantage shape behavioral and social contexts
             for young mothers' physical and mental health in later life.
             Data are from the Three-City Study ethnography, which
             examined, over a 6-year period, the lives of 256 low-income
             Latino, African American, and White mothers and their
             children (N = 685). Grounded theory analysis of the data
             revealed a markedly high prevalence of chronic physical and
             mental health conditions among the mothers and their
             children, with 80% of the mothers being categorized as
             comorbid and 72% of their children as such. Mothers' current
             illnesses were related to their childhood health
             problems-problems which were similarly demonstrated in the
             morbidity patterns of their children. Moreover, 68% of the
             families were designated comorbid, as they included both
             mothers and children with multiple concurrent physical and
             mental health problems. Family comorbidity was associated
             with cumulative disadvantages anchored in mothers'
             educational histories and unstable low-wage employment. The
             implications of these findings for future research on
             low-income mothers' health and the utility of ethnographic
             methods for studying these issues are discussed. © 2010
             Springer Publishing Company.},
   Doi = {10.1891/0198-8794.30.233},
   Key = {fds318923}
}

@article{fds255454,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Stack, CB},
   Title = {Ethnography: A method that "rocks" our soul},
   Journal = {Ncfr Reports},
   Volume = {55},
   Number = {F5-F8},
   Year = {2010},
   Key = {fds255454}
}

@article{fds255455,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Bromell, L},
   Title = {Childhood illness, family comorbidity, and cumulative
             disadvantage: An ethnographic treatise on low-income
             mothers' health in later life},
   Journal = {Annual Review of Gertontology and Geriatrics},
   Pages = {231-263},
   Year = {2010},
   Abstract = {Using longitudinal ethnographic data on low-income families
             residing in Boston, Chicago, and San Antonio, we explore the
             ways in which childhood illness, family comorbidity, and
             cumulative disadvantage shape behavioral and social contexts
             for young mothers’ physical and mental health in later
             life. Data are from the Three-City Study ethnography which
             examined, over a 6-year period, the lives of 256 low-income
             Latino, African American, and White mothers and their
             children (N=685). Grounded theory analysis of the data
             revealed a markedly high prevalence of chronic physical and
             mental health conditions among the mothers and their
             children, with 80% of the mothers being categorized as
             comorbid and 72% of their children as such. Mothers’
             current illnesses were related to their childhood health
             problems - - problems which were similarly demonstrated in
             the morbidity patterns of their children. Moreover, 68% of
             the families were designated comorbid as they included both
             mothers and children with multiple concurrent physical and
             mental health problems. Family comorbidity was associated
             with cumulative disadvantages anchored in mothers’
             educational histories and unstable low-wage employment. The
             implications of these findings for future research on
             low-income mothers’ health and the utility of ethnographic
             methods for studying these issues are discussed.},
   Key = {fds255455}
}

@article{fds255465,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Cherlin, A and Winn, D-M and Estacion, A and Holder-Taylor, C},
   Title = {The Role of Trust in Low-Income Mothers' Intimate
             Unions*},
   Journal = {Journal of Marriage and the Family},
   Volume = {71},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {1107-1124},
   Year = {2009},
   Month = {December},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00658.x},
   Keywords = {ethnography • generalized gender distrust •
             interpersonal trust • low-income mothers •
             marriage},
   Abstract = {Recent scholarship concerning low rates of marriage among
             low-income mothers emphasizes generalized gender distrust as
             a major impediment in forming sustainable intimate unions.
             Guided by symbolic interaction theory and longitudinal
             ethnographic data on 256 low-income mothers from the
             Three-City Study, we argue that generalized gender distrust
             may not be as influential in shaping mothers' unions as some
             researchers suggest. Grounded theory analysis revealed that
             96% of the mothers voiced a general distrust of men, yet
             that distrust did not deter them from involvement in
             intimate unions. Rather, the pivotal ways mothers enacted
             trust in their partners were demonstrated by 4 emergent
             forms of interpersonal trust that we labeled as suspended,
             compartmentalized, misplaced, and integrated. Implications
             for future research are discussed.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00658.x},
   Key = {fds255465}
}

@article{fds255466,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Tucker, MB},
   Title = {Romantic unions in an era of uncertainty: A post-Moynihan
             perspective on African American women and
             marriage},
   Journal = {The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
             Science},
   Volume = {621},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {132-148},
   Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
   Year = {2009},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716208324852},
   Abstract = {This article provides a brief overview of how African
             American women are situated in and around the thesis of the
             Moynihan Report. The authors take the lens of uncertainty
             and apply it to a post-Moynihan discussion of African
             American women and marriage. They discuss uncertainty in the
             temporal organization of poor women's lives and in the new
             terrains of gender relationships and how both influence
             African American women's thoughts and behaviors in their
             romantic relationships and marriages. They argue that much
             is to be learned from by focusing the lens in this way. It
             allows us to look at the contemporary romantic relationship
             and marriage behaviors of African American women in context
             and in ways that do not label them as having pathological
             behaviors that place them out of sync with broader societal
             trends.},
   Doi = {10.1177/0002716208324852},
   Key = {fds255466}
}

@article{fds255457,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Cherlin, A},
   Title = {'Trust is like Jell-O': Forms of trust in low-income
             mothers' romantic unions},
   Journal = {Ncfr Reports},
   Volume = {44},
   Pages = {F2-F5},
   Year = {2009},
   Key = {fds255457}
}

@article{fds255467,
   Author = {Cherlin, A and Cross-Barnet, C and Burton, LM and Garrett-Peters,
             R},
   Title = {PROMISES THEY CAN KEEP: LOW-INCOME WOMEN'S ATTITUDES TOWARD
             MOTHERHOOD, MARRIAGE, AND DIVORCE.},
   Journal = {Journal of Marriage and the Family},
   Volume = {70},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {919-933},
   Year = {2008},
   Month = {November},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2008.00536.x},
   Abstract = {Using survey data on low-income mothers in Boston, Chicago,
             and San Antonio (n = 1,722) supplemented with ethnographic
             data, we test 3 propositions regarding mothers' attitudes
             toward childbearing, marriage, and divorce. These are drawn
             from Edin & Kefalas (2005) but have also arisen in other
             recent studies. We find strong support for the proposition
             that childbearing outside of marriage carries little stigma,
             limited support for the proposition that women prefer to
             have children well before marrying, and almost no support
             for the proposition that women hesitate to marry because
             they fear divorce. We suggest that mothers' attitudes and
             preferences in these 3 domains do not support the long delay
             between childbearing and marriage that has been noted in the
             literature. Throughout, we are able to study attitudes among
             several Hispanic groups as well as among African Americans
             and non-Hispanic Whites.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3737.2008.00536.x},
   Key = {fds255467}
}

@article{fds255462,
   Author = {Burton, L},
   Title = {Childhood adultification in economically disadvantaged
             families: A conceptual model},
   Journal = {Family Relations},
   Volume = {56},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {329-345},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Year = {2007},
   Month = {October},
   ISSN = {0197-6664},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000249321300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {This article presents an emergent conceptual model of
             childhood adultification and economic disadvantage derived
             from 5 longitudinal ethnographies of children and
             adolescents growing up in low-income families. Childhood
             adultification involves contextual, social, and
             developmental processes in which youth are prematurely, and
             often inappropriately, exposed to adult knowledge and assume
             extensive adult roles and responsibilities within their
             family networks. Exemplar cases from the ethnographies are
             integrated in the discussion to illustrate components of the
             model. Four successive levels of adultification are
             described: precocious knowledge, mentored-adultification,
             peerification/spousification, and parentification. The
             developmental assets and liabilities children incur also are
             discussed. Recommendations for school, health care, and
             social service practitioners working with low-income
             families and children are provided. © 2007 by the National
             Council on Family Relations.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3729.2007.00463.x},
   Key = {fds255462}
}

@article{fds255463,
   Author = {Roy, K and Burton, L},
   Title = {Mothering through recruitment: Kinscription of
             nonresidential fathers and father figures in low-income
             families},
   Journal = {Family Relations},
   Volume = {56},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {24-39},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Year = {2007},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0197-6664},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000242784400003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {We identify and discuss mothers' early strategies to recruit
             nonresidential biological fathers, intimate partners, male
             family members and friends, and paternal kin to support the
             needs of young children in low-income families. Using the
             concept of kinscription and longitudinal ethnographic data
             on 149 African American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White
             families from Welfare, Children and Families: A Three-City
             Study, we developed a model of recruitment that includes
             three related processes: the search for legitimacy with
             conventional fathers and partners, the consequences of
             maternal advocacy for intimate relationships, and protection
             of children and reduction of risks to family well-being.
             Results indicate that mothers' co-opting of fathers and
             father figures to support their children is shaped by men's
             immigration status, the tenuous nature of romantic
             relationships, and fathers' intergenerational caregiving
             responsibilities. Implications for theories of coparenting
             and partner dynamics in low-income families and for policy
             and programs are discussed. © 2007 by the National Council
             on Family Relations.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3729.2007.00437.x},
   Key = {fds255463}
}

@article{fds255461,
   Author = {McHale, SM and Crouter, AC and Kim, J-Y and Burton, LM and Davis, KD and Dotterer, AM and Swanson, DP},
   Title = {Mothers' and fathers' racial socialization in African
             American families: implications for youth.},
   Journal = {Child Development},
   Volume = {77},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {1387-1402},
   Year = {2006},
   Month = {September},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00942.x},
   Abstract = {Mothers' and fathers' cultural socialization and bias
             preparation with older (M=13.9 years) and younger (M=10.31
             years) siblings were studied in 162 two-parent, African
             American families. Analyses examined whether parental warmth
             and offspring age and gender were linked to parental
             practices and whether parents' warmth, spouses' racial
             socialization, or youth age or gender moderated links
             between racial socialization and youth outcomes. Parental
             warmth was linked to parents' socialization. Mothers engaged
             in more socialization with older offspring, and fathers more
             with sons. Mothers' cultural socialization was positively
             related to youth ethnic identity and fathers' was negatively
             related to youth depression symptoms. Youth exhibited a
             lower locus of control when mothers were high but fathers
             were low in racial socialization.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00942.x},
   Key = {fds255461}
}

@article{fds255459,
   Author = {Whitfield, KE and Angel, J and Burton, LM and Hayward,
             M},
   Title = {Diverstiy, disparities, and inequalities in
             aging},
   Journal = {Public Policy and Aging Report},
   Volume = {16},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {16-22},
   Year = {2006},
   Key = {fds255459}
}

@article{fds255464,
   Author = {Mathews, SA and Detwiler, JE and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Geo-ethnography: Coupling geographic information analysis
             techniques with ethnographic methods in urban
             research},
   Journal = {Cartographica: the International Journal for Geographic
             Information and Geovisualization},
   Volume = {40},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {75-90},
   Publisher = {University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress)},
   Year = {2005},
   Month = {December},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/2288-1450-W061-R664},
   Abstract = {This research article focuses on the coupling of geographic
             information system (GIS) technologies with ethnographic
             data, an approach we refer to as geo-ethnography. The data
             used here were gathered in an ongoing, multi-site study of
             low-income families and their children. Throughout our work,
             the goals have been to think creatively about how GIS can be
             used in welfare research, to stretch the technology, and to
             revise the methodologies we currently use. We specifically
             discuss the ways in which the ethnographic data on families
             and neighbourhoods have been integrated within a GIS and how
             these two methods, alone and in combination, help situate
             families' actions and experiences in time and space and
             enhance data analysis and interpretation. More specifically,
             we focus on conceptual and methodological issues we have
             faced in the process of this integration and on practical
             strategies for combining qualitative and quantitative
             research.},
   Doi = {10.3138/2288-1450-W061-R664},
   Key = {fds255464}
}

@article{fds255458,
   Author = {Tubbs, CY and Roy, KM and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Family ties: constructing family time in low-income
             families.},
   Journal = {Family Process},
   Volume = {44},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {77-91},
   Year = {2005},
   Month = {March},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2005.00043.x},
   Abstract = {"Family time" is reflected in the process of building and
             fortifying family relationships. Whereas such time, free of
             obligatory work, school, and family maintenance activities,
             is purchased by many families using discretionary income, we
             explore how low-income mothers make time for and give
             meaning to focused engagement and relationship development
             with their children within time constraints idiosyncratic to
             being poor and relying on welfare. Longitudinal ethnographic
             data from 61 low-income African American, European American,
             and Latina American mothers were analyzed to understand how
             mothers construct family time during daily activities such
             as talking, play, and meals. We also identify unique
             cultural factors that shape family time for low-income
             families, such as changing temporal orientations, centrality
             of television time, and emotional burdens due to poverty.
             Implications for family therapy are also
             discussed.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1545-5300.2005.00043.x},
   Key = {fds255458}
}

@article{fds255460,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {The scholar and the oak tree: A profile of Vern L.
             Bengtson},
   Journal = {Contemporary Gerontology},
   Volume = {11},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {91-94},
   Year = {2005},
   Key = {fds255460}
}

@article{fds255445,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Winn, D-M and Stevenson, H and Clark,
             SL},
   Title = {Working with African American clients: considering the
             "homeplace" in marriage and family therapy
             practices.},
   Journal = {Journal of Marital and Family Therapy},
   Volume = {30},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {397-410},
   Year = {2004},
   Month = {October},
   ISSN = {0194-472X},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2004.tb01251.x},
   Abstract = {In this article, we discuss perspectives on the "homeplace"
             that are important to consider in marriage and family
             therapy involving African American clients. The homeplace
             comprises individual and family processes that are anchored
             in a defined physical space that elicits feelings of
             empowerment, rootedness, ownership, safety, and renewal.
             Critical elements of the homeplace include social
             relationships that shape individuals' and families' sense of
             social and cultural identity. We draw on our ethnographic
             and clinical research with African American families in
             urban and rural settings to describe typical schisms between
             therapists and African American clients when communicating
             about the homeplace. We also explore the impact of homeplace
             disruptions on experiences of "yearning." Recommendations
             for integrating a homeplace perspective into therapy
             practices are provided.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1752-0606.2004.tb01251.x},
   Key = {fds255445}
}

@article{fds255434,
   Author = {Roy, KM and Tubbs, CY and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Don't Have No Time: Daily Rhythms and the Organization of
             Time for Low-Income Families},
   Journal = {Family Relations},
   Volume = {53},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {168-178},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Year = {2004},
   Month = {March},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00007.x},
   Abstract = {Using ethnographic data from Welfare, Children, and
             Families: A Three-City Study, we examined time obligations
             and resource coordination of low-income mothers.
             Longitudinal data from 75 African American, Hispanic, and
             non-Hispanic White families residing in Chicago, including
             information on daily routines, perceptions of time, and
             access to resources, were gathered via participant
             observation and intensive semistructured interviews over 4
             years. Results indicated that families constantly improvised
             daily rhythms to obtain and sustain resources, including
             child care, transportation, and social services.
             Participants were proactive in identifying and coordinating
             resources to transition from welfare to work or to maintain
             paid employment. Strategies used to coordinate resources and
             the cost associated with the inability to do so are
             discussed. Policy and social service recommendations are
             offered.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00007.x},
   Key = {fds255434}
}

@article{fds255436,
   Author = {Cherlin, AJ and Hurt, TR and Burton, LM and Purvin,
             DM},
   Title = {The influence of physical and sexual abuse on marriage and
             cohabitation},
   Journal = {American Sociological Review},
   Volume = {69},
   Number = {6},
   Pages = {768-789},
   Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
   Year = {2004},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240406900602},
   Abstract = {Using ethnographic and survey data on low-income families
             residing in Boston, Chicago, and San Antonio, we examine the
             relationship between women's patterns of union formation and
             their experience of physical and sexual abuse. Both sets of
             data suggest that women who have been physically or sexually
             abused are substantially less likely to be married or to be
             in stable, long-term cohabiting relationships. The data also
             suggest that the timing and different forms of abuse may
             have distinctive associations with union formation. Women
             who have experienced abuse beginning in childhood,
             particularly sexual abuse, are less likely to be in
             sustained marriages or stable cohabiting relationships and
             instead are more likely to experience transitory unions:
             multiple short-term, mostly cohabiting unions with brief
             intervals between them. Women who have not been abused in
             childhood but experience adult physical abuse, however, are
             less likely to be in either a marriage or a cohabiting
             union, long-term or transitory; and some have withdrawn from
             having relationships with men. The relevance of these
             findings for the decline of marriage among low-income women
             and men is discussed.},
   Doi = {10.1177/000312240406900602},
   Key = {fds255436}
}

@article{fds45754,
   Author = {Burton, L.M. and Winn, D.M. and Stevenson, H. and Lawson Clark,
             S.},
   Title = {Working with African American clients: Considering the
             homeplace in counseling and therapy practices},
   Journal = {Journal of Marriage and Family Therapy},
   Volume = {30},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {397-410},
   Year = {2004},
   Key = {fds45754}
}

@article{fds255433,
   Author = {Dallas, CM and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Health disparities among men from racial and ethnic minority
             populations},
   Journal = {Annual Review of Nursing},
   Volume = {22},
   Pages = {77-100},
   Year = {2004},
   Key = {fds255433}
}

@article{fds255431,
   Author = {Roy, K and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Kinscription: Mothers keeping fathers connected to
             children},
   Journal = {Journal of Zero to Three},
   Volume = {23},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {27-32},
   Year = {2003},
   Key = {fds255431}
}

@article{fds255432,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Whitfield, KE},
   Title = {Weathering toward poorer health in later life: Co-morbidity
             in low-income families urban families},
   Journal = {Public Policy and Aging Report},
   Volume = {13},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {13-18},
   Year = {2003},
   Key = {fds255432}
}

@article{fds255430,
   Author = {Cherlin, A and Bogen, K and Quane, J and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Operating within the rules: Welfare recipients’
             experiences with sanctions and case closings for
             noncompliance},
   Journal = {Social Service Review},
   Volume = {76},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {387-405},
   Year = {2002},
   Abstract = {This article examines the experiences of Temporary
             Assistance for Needy Families recipients with sanctions and
             administrative case closings, as reported by respondents in
             a survey of families in low-income neighborhoods in Boston,
             Chicago, and San Antonio. Among those who said that their
             welfare benefits had been reduced or eliminated for
             noncompliance with the rules, the most common reasons
             provided were missing an appointment or not filing
             paperwork. In comparison with other families that had
             received welfare in the previous 2 years, families that were
             penalized were more disadvantaged in a number of respects,
             including lower education and poorer health.},
   Key = {fds255430}
}

@article{fds255425,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Robin, RL},
   Title = {In the mix, yet on the margins: The place of families in
             urban neighborhood and child development
             research},
   Journal = {Journal of Marriage and the Family},
   Volume = {62},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {1114-1135},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Year = {2000},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.01114.x},
   Abstract = {In the 1990s, the most popular theoretical and empirical
             research issue concerning the local ecologies of families
             focused on the impact of family structures (e.g., household
             composition) and processes (e.g., child management
             strategies) on the relationship between urban neighborhoods
             and child and adolescent development. In this article, we
             synthesize and critically examine the decade's prevailing
             literature on the topic, organizing this review into three
             areas: (a) the research designs of quantitative and
             ethnographic studies of urban neighborhoods, families, and
             child outcomes; (b) the conceptual approaches used in these
             studies; and (c) the role of structural and behavioral
             features of family and parenting as factors that influence
             the relationship between urban neighborhoods and child
             development in ethnically and racially diverse populations.
             Results suggest that although family has been center stage
             in the neighborhood effects research question of the decade,
             it has remained on the margins in terms of theorical and
             methoilogical specificity. Recomendations for future
             research are also offered.},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.01114.x},
   Key = {fds255425}
}

@article{fds255424,
   Author = {Allison, KW and Burton, L and Marshall, S and Perez-Febles, A and Yarrington, J and Kirsh, LB and Merriwether-DeVries,
             C},
   Title = {Life experiences among urban adolescents: examining the role
             of context.},
   Journal = {Child Development},
   Volume = {70},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {1017-1029},
   Year = {1999},
   Month = {July},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00074},
   Abstract = {Interest in the influence of context on the psychosocial
             development of adolescents led to the examination of
             neighborhood effects on the experience of adolescent life
             stress. Because of concerns regarding the population and
             ecological validity of existing measures of adolescent life
             events, the research group developed a scale for the
             measurement of life events among urban adolescents based on
             data from focus group interviews in the community of
             interest. Investigators utilized three strategies to examine
             the impact of neighborhood on adolescents' perceptions of
             life stress in a sample of 114 adolescents (mean age = 15).
             Results indicated that life stress in the peer domain varied
             by the adolescent's neighborhood of residence. In addition,
             family/community stress was linearly related to neighborhood
             indices of economic resources.},
   Doi = {10.1111/1467-8624.00074},
   Key = {fds255424}
}

@article{fds255423,
   Author = {Allison, KW and Crawford, I and Leone, PE and Trickett, E and Perez-Febles, A and Burton, LM and Le Blanc and R},
   Title = {Adolescent substance use: preliminary examinations of school
             and neighborhood context.},
   Journal = {American Journal of Community Psychology},
   Volume = {27},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {111-141},
   Year = {1999},
   Month = {April},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1022879500217},
   Abstract = {In considering the influences of microsystems on adolescent
             substance use, familial and peer contexts have received the
             most extensive attention in the research literature. School
             and neighborhood settings, however, are other developmental
             contexts that may exert specific influences on adolescent
             substance use. In many instances, school settings are
             organized to provide educational services to students who
             share similar educational abilities and behavioral
             repertoires. The resulting segregation of students into
             these settings may result in different school norms for
             substance use. Similarly, neighborhood resources, including
             models for substance use and drug sales involvement, may
             play an important role in adolescent substance use. We
             briefly review literature examining contextual influences on
             adolescent substance use, and present results from two
             preliminary studies examining the contribution of school and
             neighborhood context to adolescent substance use. In the
             first investigation, we examine the impact of familial,
             peer, and school contexts on adolescent substance use.
             Respondents were 283 students (ages 13 to 18) from regular
             and special education classrooms in six schools. Although
             peer and parental contexts were important predictors of
             substance use, school norms for drug use accounted for
             variance in adolescent use beyond that explained by peer and
             parental norms. Data from a second study of 114 adolescents
             (mean age = 15) examines neighborhood contributions to
             adolescent substance use. In this sample, neighborhood
             indices did not contribute to our understanding of
             adolescent substance use. Implications for prevention are
             presented.},
   Doi = {10.1023/a:1022879500217},
   Key = {fds255423}
}

@article{fds255422,
   Author = {Jarrett, RL and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Dynamic dimensions of family structure in low-income African
             American families: Emergent themes in qualitative
             research},
   Journal = {Journal of Comparative Family Studies},
   Volume = {30},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {177-187},
   Year = {1999},
   Month = {March},
   Abstract = {A common conceptualization of family structure used in
             studies of low- income African Americans is a dichotomized
             construct that contrasts one- parent, female-headed
             households with two-parent family units. The consistent use
             of this conceptualization has impeded the exploration of the
             impact that dynamic dimensions of family structure have on
             family functioning. This paper outline several fundamental
             dimensions of family structure that should be considered in
             studies of economically disadvantaged African American
             families. Using data from two qualitative community-based
             studies of African American families, we delineate four key
             dimensions of family structure - extended family networks;
             the socioeconomic structure of extended family networks; the
             pace of change in family structure; and the age structure of
             family members.},
   Key = {fds255422}
}

@article{fds329986,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Graham, JE},
   Title = {Neighborhood rhythms and the social activities of adolescent
             mothers.},
   Journal = {New Directions for Child Development},
   Number = {82},
   Pages = {7-22},
   Year = {1998},
   Month = {January},
   Key = {fds329986}
}

@article{fds255418,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Ethnography and the meaning of adolescence in high-risk
             neighborhoods},
   Journal = {Ethos},
   Volume = {25},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {208-217},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Year = {1997},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/eth.1997.25.2.208},
   Abstract = {In this commentary it is argued that ethnography is the
             "most important method" for studying development among
             ethnic minority teens growing up in high-risk neighborhoods.
             Data from a five-year ethnographic study of inner-city
             African American families and their adolescent children
             illustrates the utility of ethnography in identifying
             contexutal issues that are critical for understanding
             development among urban minority teens, but have yet to be
             systematically "uncovered" and explored in studies that use
             traditional survey methods. The implications of ethnographic
             approaches for developing future research on context and
             adolescent development in ethnic minority populations is
             discussed in the conclusion.},
   Doi = {10.1525/eth.1997.25.2.208},
   Key = {fds255418}
}

@article{fds255417,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Age norms, the timing of family role transitions, and
             intergenerational caregiving among aging African American
             women.},
   Journal = {Gerontologist},
   Volume = {36},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {199-208},
   Year = {1996},
   Month = {April},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/36.2.199},
   Abstract = {This article reports findings from two exploratory
             qualitative studies of the relationship between age norms,
             family role transitions, and the caregiving responsibilities
             of mothers, grandmothers, and great-grandmothers in
             multigeneration African American families. Families defined
             as having "normative on-time" transitions (n = 23) to the
             roles of mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother were
             compared to families that were classified as having "early
             non-normative" (n = 18), and "early normative" transitions
             to the respective roles (n = 20). Results indicate that both
             the "on-time" and "early" normative transition families had
             an equitable distribution of caregiving duties for women
             across generations. In families where the transitions to
             mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother were considered
             "early" non-normative, the responsibilities for family
             caregiving were centered in the young great-grandparent
             generation. The implications of these findings for future
             research are discussed.},
   Doi = {10.1093/geront/36.2.199},
   Key = {fds255417}
}

@article{fds255415,
   Author = {Dilworth Anderson and P and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Rethinking Family Development: Critical Conceptual Issues in
             the Study of Diverse Groups},
   Journal = {Journal of Social and Personal Relationships},
   Volume = {13},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {325-334},
   Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
   Year = {1996},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407596133002},
   Abstract = {This article discusses conceptual issues that should be
             considered in re-evaluating family development perspectives
             as they apply to the study of ethnically diverse
             populations. Four issues are identified: values and value
             orientations; hidden or conditioned theoretical assumptions;
             accepted conceptual frameworks; and limited methodologies
             used in the study of families. We focus on identifying how
             these issues have limited ways of thinking about family
             development among ethnically and racially diverse
             populations. Suggestions are made to help guide researchers'
             theoretical and conceptual formulations in developing
             research agendas that include studying family development
             among diverse populations. © 1996, Sage Publications. All
             rights reserved.},
   Doi = {10.1177/0265407596133002},
   Key = {fds255415}
}

@article{fds255413,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Context and surrogate parenting among contemporary
             grandparents},
   Journal = {Marriage & Family Review},
   Volume = {20},
   Number = {3-4},
   Pages = {349-366},
   Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
   Year = {1994},
   Month = {October},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J002v20n03_03},
   Abstract = {This paper provides a conceptual discussion of the
             relationship between the surrogate parenting role of
             contemporary American grandparents and temporal,
             developmental, and ethnic racial contexts of the life
             course. Grandparents who are surrogate parents, either
             operate as co-parents by assisting their adult children in
             the rearing of their offspring, or they assume total
             responsibility for providing the necessary care and
             socialization their grandchildren require when their parents
             cannot. The surrogate parenting responsibilities of
             grandparents are hypothesized to be affected by temporal
             context, which concerns the sequencing and synchronization
             of the assumption of surrogate parenting responsibilities by
             grandparents relative to their age, peer relationships, and
             other social role respond. © 1995 by The Haworth Press,
             Inc.},
   Doi = {10.1300/J002v20n03_03},
   Key = {fds255413}
}

@article{fds255412,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Intergenerational legacies and intimate relationships:
             Perspectives on adolescent mothers and fathers},
   Journal = {Isspr Bulletin},
   Volume = {10},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {2-5},
   Year = {1994},
   Key = {fds255412}
}

@article{fds255410,
   Author = {Stack, CB and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Kinscripts},
   Journal = {Journal of Comparative Family Studies},
   Volume = {24},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {157-170},
   Year = {1993},
   Month = {January},
   Key = {fds255410}
}

@article{fds255411,
   Author = {Dilworth-Anderson, P and Burton, LM and Turner,
             W},
   Title = {The importance of values in the study of culturally diverse
             families},
   Journal = {Family Relations},
   Volume = {42},
   Pages = {238-242},
   Year = {1993},
   Key = {fds255411}
}

@article{fds255409,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Black grandparents rearing children of drug-addicted
             parents: stressors, outcomes, and social service
             needs.},
   Journal = {Gerontologist},
   Volume = {32},
   Number = {6},
   Pages = {744-751},
   Year = {1992},
   Month = {December},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/32.6.744},
   Abstract = {This article reports findings from two qualitative studies
             of black grandparents and great-grandparents who are rearing
             their children's children as a consequence of parental drug
             addiction. Data were collected in two urban black
             communities from 60 grandmothers, grandfathers, and
             great-grandmothers (ages 43-82). Only 3% of the respondents
             received consistent, reliable familial support in their role
             as surrogate parents. Although respondents found parenting
             their grandchildren an emotionally rewarding experience,
             they also incurred psychological, physical, and economic
             costs in performing their roles.},
   Doi = {10.1093/geront/32.6.744},
   Key = {fds255409}
}

@article{fds255406,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Merriwether-deVries, C},
   Title = {The challenges and rewards of rearing grandchildren for
             African-American grandparents},
   Journal = {Generations},
   Volume = {25},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {51-54},
   Year = {1992},
   Key = {fds255406}
}

@article{fds255407,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Dilworth-Anderson, P and Bengtson,
             VL},
   Title = {Creating new ways of thinking about diversity and aging:
             Theoretical challenges for the twenty-first
             century},
   Journal = {Generations},
   Volume = {15},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {67-72},
   Year = {1992},
   Key = {fds255407}
}

@article{fds255408,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Families and aging: Complexity and diversity},
   Journal = {Generations},
   Volume = {25},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {5-6},
   Year = {1992},
   Key = {fds255408}
}

@article{fds255405,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Caring for children: Drug shifts and their impact on
             families},
   Journal = {American Enterprise},
   Volume = {2},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {34-37},
   Year = {1991},
   Key = {fds255405}
}

@article{fds255403,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Teenage childbearing as an alternative life-course strategy
             in multigeneration black families},
   Journal = {Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.)},
   Volume = {1},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {123-143},
   Publisher = {Springer Nature},
   Year = {1990},
   Month = {June},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02692149},
   Abstract = {This paper summarizes the findings of a three-year
             exploratory qualitative study of teenage childbearing in 20
             low-income multigeneration black families. Teenage
             childbearing in these families is part of an alternative
             life-course strategy created in response to
             socioenvironmental constraints. This alternative life-course
             strategy is characterized by an accelerated family
             timetable; the separation of reproduction and marriage; an
             age-condensed generational family structure; and a
             grandparental child-rearing system. The implications of
             these patterns for intergenerational family roles are
             discussed. © 1990 Walter de Gruyter, Inc.},
   Doi = {10.1007/BF02692149},
   Key = {fds255403}
}

@article{fds255402,
   Author = {Butler, J and Burton, L},
   Title = {Rethinking teenage pregnancy: Is sexual abuse a missing
             link?},
   Journal = {Family Relations},
   Volume = {39},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {73-80},
   Year = {1990},
   Key = {fds255402}
}

@article{fds329987,
   Author = {Burton, L and Martin, P},
   Title = {[Thematics of the multi-generation family: an example of a
             6- and 7-generation family]},
   Journal = {Zeitschrift Fur Gerontologie},
   Volume = {20},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {275-282},
   Year = {1987},
   Month = {September},
   Abstract = {By investigating multi-generational families, a number of
             family themes can be detected. This example of a six- and
             seven-generation family points to unique family
             relationships and themes, such as teenage pregnancy. The
             influence of societal changes on the development of a
             multi-generational family is described, as well as
             intergenerational changes with respect to family
             cohesion.},
   Key = {fds329987}
}

@article{fds255401,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Martin, P},
   Title = {Thematikin der mehrgenerationenfamilie: Ein beispiel (Themes
             in multigeneration families: An example)},
   Journal = {German Journal of Gerontology},
   Volume = {21(June)},
   Pages = {275-282},
   Year = {1987},
   Key = {fds255401}
}

@article{fds255400,
   Author = {Hagestad, GO and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Grandparenthood, life context, and family
             development},
   Journal = {American Behavioral Scientist},
   Volume = {29},
   Pages = {471-484},
   Year = {1986},
   Key = {fds255400}
}

@article{fds299460,
   Author = {Bengtson, VL and Burton, L},
   Title = {Mental health and the black elderly: Competence,
             susceptibility, and quality of life},
   Journal = {Journal of Minority Aging},
   Volume = {7},
   Number = {3 & 4},
   Pages = {25-31},
   Year = {1981},
   Key = {fds299460}
}


%% Papers In Progress   
@article{fds200874,
   Author = {Garrett-Peters, R. and Burton, L.M.},
   Title = {Poverty and the production of household chaos: findings from
             an ethnographic study of low-income rural
             mothers},
   Year = {2012},
   Abstract = {Household chaos has been a recent construct of interest for
             developmental and psychological researchers concerned with
             specifying the impact of conditions of family poverty on
             child and family functioning (see Bronfenbrenner and Evans
             2000; Corapci and Wachs 2002; Evans 2003, 2004; Valiente et
             al. 2007; Vernon-Feagans et al., in press). This body of
             research has emphasized elements of micro-environmental
             chaos (e.g., household crowding; ambient background noise;
             physical disorder; frenetic activity), and linked these to a
             host of negative behavioral and health outcomes for
             children, either directly or through the mediation of
             parenting. While adding valuable knowledge, this approach
             has focused largely on factors external to the individual,
             and has not fully considered the contributions that
             individual household actors make – in response to
             constraining conditions of poverty – as negotiators of
             household chaos. The present paper examines the role of the
             individual actor as an active agent in the management of
             chaotic household conditions. Using longitudinal
             ethnographic data from the Family Life Project study of
             low-income rural mothers of young children, we take a
             negotiated order perspective (Fine 1984; Maines 1977, 1982)
             to demonstrate ways in which features of household chaos are
             negotiated and sometimes reinforced by mothers’ as they
             attempt to parent, partner, and manage households under
             conditions of economic and social uncertainty. Our analysis
             reveals that household chaos exists in multiple domains,
             including spatial (e.g., clutter; crowding), behavioral
             (e.g., relationship discord; lack of routine), and temporal
             (e.g., incessant time demands; frenetic activity)
             dimensions. Likewise, our findings show that low-income
             mothers’ efforts to minimize household chaos at times
             unintentionally reproduce these conditions as these women
             seek to maintain a sense of personal control within
             households threatening constantly toward entropy. The data
             indicate that some mothers may intentionally reject
             strategies that could reduce chaos in their lives (e.g., by
             planning; adhering to a schedule), because attempts to
             implement these strategies are often unsuccessful, leading
             to diminished feelings of self-efficacy. The current study
             makes a unique contribution to understandings of how and why
             household chaos exists, and illuminates its various
             behavioral, spatial, and temporal dimensions in greater
             detail.},
   Key = {fds200874}
}


%% Book Reviews   
@article{fds299465,
   Author = {Burton, L},
   Title = {Review of Family and individual development by J.A.
             Meacham},
   Journal = {Contemporary Sociology},
   Volume = {16},
   Number = {1},
   Publisher = {American Sociological Association},
   Year = {1987},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0094-3061},
   Key = {fds299465}
}

@article{fds299464,
   Author = {Burton, L},
   Title = {Grandparents/grandchildren: The vital connection},
   Journal = {International Journal of Gerontology},
   Publisher = {Elsevier},
   Year = {1986},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {1873-9598},
   Key = {fds299464}
}


%% Book Chapters   
@misc{fds343398,
   Author = {Baker, RS and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Between a rock and a hard place: Socioeconomic (im)mobility
             among low-income mothers of children with
             disabilities},
   Volume = {25},
   Pages = {57-72},
   Booktitle = {Advances in Gender Research},
   Year = {2018},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1529-212620180000025004},
   Abstract = {© 2018 by Emerald Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.
             In this chapter, the authors contribute to the scholarly
             discourse on poverty, ine-quality, and economic mobility
             within low-income families who have children with
             disabilities. Few extant studies have addressed issues of
             socioeconomic mobility relative to families with children
             who have disabilities. Accordingly, we employed analyses of
             secondary longitudinal ethnographic data from the Three-City
             Study to explore socioeconomic mobility among 31 mothers of
             children with disabilities in Boston, Chicago, and San
             Antonio. The authors examined two central issues that
             emerged in our ethnographic data: (1) moth-ers’
             aspirations regarding their socioeconomic mobility, and (2)
             the barriers which make it difficult for them to reach their
             mobility aspirations. The authors also considered the role
             of family comorbidity and cumulative disadvantage in this
             inquiry. Through our analyses of mothers’ talks regarding
             socioeconomic mobility, we identified three domains of their
             aspirations – work and career, education, and
             intergenerational. We also identified three “barrier
             bundles” – pragmatic needs, relationship and social
             liabilities, and socio-emotional concerns – which
             compromised mothers’ abilities to be upwardly mobile. In
             essence, we found that mothers’ aspirations were not
             aligned with the barriers that precluded them reaching their
             goals. The authors conclude with a discussion on the
             implications of this research for future
             studies.},
   Doi = {10.1108/S1529-212620180000025004},
   Key = {fds343398}
}

@misc{fds343399,
   Author = {Medwinter, SD and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Negotiating gender and power: How some poor mothers employ
             economic survival strategies after welfare
             reform},
   Volume = {25},
   Pages = {107-124},
   Booktitle = {Advances in Gender Research},
   Year = {2018},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1529-212620180000025007},
   Abstract = {© 2018 by Emerald Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.
             Low-income mothers who use welfare benefits are frequently
             portrayed as “faces of dependency” in the prevailing
             public discourse on America’s poor. This discourse, often
             anchored in race, class, and gender stereotypes, perpetuates
             the assumption that mothers on welfare lack skills to employ
             constructive agency in securing family resources. Scholars,
             however, have suggested that their welfare program use is
             embedded in complex survival strategies to make ends meet.
             While such studies emphasize maternal inventiveness in
             garnering necessary resources and support, this literature
             devotes little attention to the costs of these strategies on
             maternal power as well as how mothers negotiate gender and
             the oppression that usually accompanies such support.
             Feminist scholars in particular point to the importance of
             exploring these issues in the contexts of mothers’
             romantic unions and client–caseworker relationships.
             Guided by an interpersonal, institutional, and
             intersectional framework, the authors explored this issue
             using longitudinal ethnographic data on 19
             Mexican-immigrant, low-income mothers from the Three-City
             Study. Results showed mothers negotiated gender and power by
             simultaneously “doing,” “undoing,” and/or
             “redoing” gender using three strategies that emerged
             from the data: symbolic reliance, selective reliance, and
             creative nondisclosure. Implications of these findings for
             the future research are discussed.},
   Doi = {10.1108/S1529-212620180000025007},
   Key = {fds343399}
}

@misc{fds303867,
   Author = {Streib, J and Verma, SJ and Welsh, W and Burton, L},
   Title = {Life, death, and resurrection: The culture of
             poverty},
   Booktitle = {The Oxford handbook of the social science of
             poverty},
   Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {December},
   Key = {fds303867}
}

@misc{fds303868,
   Author = {Brady, D and Burton, L},
   Title = {Social science and poverty from a global
             perspective},
   Booktitle = {The Oxford handbook of the social science of
             poverty},
   Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {December},
   Key = {fds303868}
}

@misc{fds299462,
   Author = {Burton, L and Winn, DM and Stevenson, H and McKinney,
             M},
   Title = {Childhood adultification and the paradox of parenting:
             Perspectives on African American boys in economically
             disadvantaged families},
   Booktitle = {Family problems: Stress, risk, and resilience},
   Publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell Publishing},
   Editor = {Arditti, J},
   Year = {2015},
   Key = {fds299462}
}

@misc{fds255391,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Stack, CB},
   Title = {“Breakfast at Elmo’s”: Adolescent boys and disruptive
             politics in the kinscripts narrative},
   Pages = {174-191},
   Booktitle = {Open to Disruption: Time and Craft in the Practice of Slow
             Sociology},
   Publisher = {Vanderbilt University Press},
   Address = {Nashville, TN},
   Editor = {A.Garey, R. Hertz and M. Nelson},
   Year = {2014},
   Month = {January},
   ISBN = {9780826519849},
   Key = {fds255391}
}

@misc{fds255377,
   Author = {Bryant, CM and Bolland, JM and Burton, LM and Hurt, T and Bryant,
             BM},
   Title = {The changing social context of relationships},
   Pages = {25-47},
   Booktitle = {Close Relationships: Functions, Forms, and
             Processes},
   Publisher = {Routledge},
   Editor = {Feeney, J and Noller, P},
   Year = {2013},
   Month = {January},
   ISBN = {9780203782972},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203782972},
   Doi = {10.4324/9780203782972},
   Key = {fds255377}
}

@misc{fds255439,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Welsh, W and Destro, L},
   Title = {Grandmothers’ differential involvment with grandchildren
             in rural multi-partnered fertility family
             structures},
   Pages = {79-103},
   Booktitle = {From generation to generation: Continuity and discontinuity
             in aging families.},
   Publisher = {Johns Hopkins University Press},
   Editor = {Silverstein, M and Giarrusso, R},
   Year = {2013},
   ISBN = {9781421408941},
   Key = {fds255439}
}

@misc{fds255437,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Garrett-Peters, R and Eason, J},
   Title = {Morality, identity, and mental health in rural
             ghettos},
   Booktitle = {Communities,neighborhoods, and health: Expanding the
             boundaries of place},
   Publisher = {SPRINGER},
   Editor = {Burton, LM and Kemp, S and M, L and Matthews, S and Takeuchi,
             D},
   Year = {2011},
   Key = {fds255437}
}

@misc{fds154978,
   Author = {Burton, L.M and Purvin, D. and Garrett-Peters,
             R.},
   Title = {Longitudinal ethnography: Uncovering domestic abuse in
             low-income women's lives},
   Booktitle = {The craft of life course studies},
   Publisher = {Guilford Press},
   Editor = {G.Elder Jr. and J.Z. Giele},
   Year = {2009},
   Key = {fds154978}
}

@misc{fds154980,
   Author = {Roy, D. and Burton, L.M.},
   Title = {"Show me you can be a father:" Maternal monitoring and
             recruitment of fathers for invovlvement in low-income
             families},
   Booktitle = {Monitoring families},
   Publisher = {Vanderbilt Press},
   Editor = {M. Nelson and A.I. Garey},
   Year = {2009},
   Key = {fds154980}
}

@misc{fds255386,
   Author = {Roy, D and Burton, LM},
   Title = {'Show me you can be a father': Maternal monitoring and
             recruitment of fathers for invovvement in low-income
             families},
   Pages = {192-216},
   Booktitle = {Monitoring families},
   Publisher = {Vanderbilt University Press},
   Editor = {Nelson, M and Garey, AI},
   Year = {2009},
   ISBN = {9780826516718},
   Abstract = {How low-income single mothers and nonresidential fathers
             sort out responsibilities for taking care of their children
             remains a keen policy interest in American society.
             Unfortunately, we have limited insight into how lowincome
             single mothers acquire resources for their families
             (Dominguez and Watkins 2003). We also have limited insight
             into how nonresidential fathers maintain involvement with
             unmarried mothers and their children (Carlson, McLanahan,
             and England 2004; Waller and McLanahan 2005). Maternal
             gatekeeping has been used by researchers as a blanket
             concept to identify most efforts by mothers to shape men's
             involvement with their children. Gatekeeping has emerged
             from studies with a primary focus on coresidential, married
             couples, most of whom are middle class and European American
             (Allen and Hawkins 1999; DeLuccie 1995; see Fagan and
             Barnett 2003 for exception). The term is primarily used to
             indicate mothers' exclusion of fathers' involvement,
             including motivations to discourage or deflect men's
             interactions with children. However, Pleck and Masciadrelli
             (2004) note that most gatekeeping studies link
             discouragement of paternal involvement only to mothers'
             attitudes, and rarely to actual family processes and
             behaviors. In previous research (Roy and Burton 2007), we
             identified a specific family process: "kinwork," or the work
             that mothers do to maintain family members' commitments that
             promote children's well-being. Mothers create a set of
             family scripts that guide social expectations and lead to
             efficiency and consistency in taking care of family
             responsibilities (Byng-Hall 1985). This kinscripts framework
             (Stack and Burton 1993) situates women's work within complex
             family relationships over time and serves as an alternative
             approach to the gatekeeping concept. The framework also
             shifts the focus of study from mother-father relationships
             to extrafamilial relationships that "regenerate families,
             maintain lifetime continuities, sustain intergenerational
             responsibilities, and reinforce shared values" (Stack and
             Burton 1993, 160; see also Crosbie-Burnett and Lewis 1999;
             DiLeonardo 1987). Kinscripts become critical when mothers
             make decisions to create or dissolve supportive networks for
             the daily survival and social mobility of their families
             (Hansen 2005; Nelson 2000, 2005; Stack 1974). They are
             crafted as accepted standards of behavior that family
             members must favorably meet as dedicated kinworkers. Mothers
             may recruit a range of men (e.g., biological fathers,
             boyfriends, non-intimate friends, and paternal and maternal
             kin) for involvement if those men fulfill basic kinwork
             expectations. For most fathers, for example, an established
             standard is that they accept responsibility for their
             biological children by contributing resources or time to
             improve children's life chances in economically
             disadvantaged communities. Family members often hold
             time-proven mental representations of low-income fathers as
             "renegade relatives" whose transitions in residences,
             relationships, and employment put low-income families at
             risk for loss of resources, conflict, and abuse (Edin and
             Kefalas 2005; Sano 2004; Stack 1974; Waller and Swisher
             2006). However, focused recruitment of men into kinwork
             roles potentially enhances families as well. Men provide
             financial resources for their children (Gibson, Edin, and
             McLanahan 2005; Kotchick, Dorsey, and Heller 2005; Mincy,
             Garfinkel, and Nepomnyaschy 2005; Roy 1999) even through the
             simple act of paternity establishment and through the
             subsequent contributions of fathers' own kin (Stack 1974).
             Low-income single mothers seek from fathers not only
             guidance for their children but also emotional support or
             trustworthy caregiving (Jarrett, Roy, and Burton 2002; Roy,
             Tubbs, and Burton 2004). What is underexplored in research
             on recruitment, however, is how mothers gather information
             to make decisions about recruiting fathers, and how they
             monitor those fathers once they are recruited. In this
             chapter, we consider how the work of surveillance is
             particularly relevant as mothers create or dissolve family
             membership. This type of monitoring differs from formal
             surveillance by public organizations, as it is rooted in
             surveillance of the "borders" of role relationships (Marx
             2007). Personal data about fathers may be at the core of
             mothers' "thin" surveillance methods, especially if
             unemployment histories, physical mobility, and past
             experiences (e.g., incarceration, gang activity, and drug
             use) determine whether men are appropriate parents (Torpey
             2007; Zuriek 2007). Moreover, both the ongoing process of
             monitoring and the act of recruitment bring power into play
             in family relationships, especially when information on
             men's behavior leads mothers to let go of them as family
             members. In this chapter, we return to our previous analyses
             (Roy and Burton 2007) to expand on how monitoring shapes
             "kinscription" (i.e., the recruiting of kin for specific
             work within a family). We explore low-income single mothers'
             monitoring and subsequent recruitment of men as open-ended
             and contested processes, inclusive of these multiple family
             needs and multiple actors. We examine monitoring as an
             ongoing process that forms the basis for initial recruitment
             and continuing validation of men's positive involvement with
             children. We define recruitment as the negotiation of
             connections with a range of men (biological fathers,
             boyfriends, non-intimate friends, and paternal and maternal
             kin) in order to improve children's life chances in
             economically disadvantaged communities. In short, paternal
             monitoring and recruitment are critical dimensions of
             mothers' efforts at kinscription and efforts to be "good
             mothers. © 2009 by Vanderbilt University Press. All rights
             reserved.},
   Key = {fds255386}
}

@misc{fds255387,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Purvin, D and Garrett-Peters, R},
   Title = {Longitudinal ethnography: Uncovering domestic abuse in
             low-income women’s lives},
   Pages = {29-80},
   Booktitle = {The craft of life course studies},
   Publisher = {Guilford Press},
   Editor = {Elder, G and Giele, JZ},
   Year = {2009},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203714928},
   Doi = {10.4324/9780203714928},
   Key = {fds255387}
}

@misc{fds255388,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Uncovering hidden facts that matter in interpreting
             individuals’ behaviors: An ethnographic
             lens},
   Booktitle = {Families as they really are},
   Publisher = {Norton Publishers},
   Editor = {Risman, BJ},
   Year = {2009},
   Key = {fds255388}
}

@misc{fds255389,
   Author = {Burton, LMG-P and Garrett-Peters, R and Eaton,
             SC},
   Title = {More than good quotations: How ethnography informs knowledge
             on adolescent development and context},
   Booktitle = {Handbook of adolescent psychology: Vol. 1},
   Publisher = {John Wiley & Sons},
   Editor = {Lerner, RM and Steinberg, L},
   Year = {2009},
   Key = {fds255389}
}

@misc{fds303871,
   Author = {Burton, L},
   Title = {Mothering through recruitment: Kinscription of
             non-residential fathers and father figures in low-income
             families},
   Booktitle = {American families: A multicultural reader},
   Publisher = {Routledge},
   Editor = {Coontz, S},
   Year = {2008},
   Key = {fds303871}
}

@misc{fds255384,
   Author = {Skinner, D and Lachicotte, W and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Childhood disability and poverty: How families navigate
             health care and coverage},
   Booktitle = {Health and medical care},
   Publisher = {Praeger Press},
   Editor = {Arrighi, BA and Maume, DJ},
   Year = {2007},
   Key = {fds255384}
}

@misc{fds50904,
   Author = {Burton, L.M. and Whitfield, K.E.},
   Title = {Health, aging, and America's poor: Ethnographic insights on
             family co-morbidity and cumulative disadvantage},
   Booktitle = {Aging, globalization and inequality: The new critical
             gerontology},
   Publisher = {NY: Baywood},
   Editor = {J. Baars and D. Dannefer and C. Phillipson and A.
             Walker},
   Year = {2006},
   Key = {fds50904}
}

@misc{fds45741,
   Author = {Burton, L.M. and Whitfield, K.E.},
   Title = {Health, aging, and America’s poor: Ethnographic insights
             on family co-morbidity and cumulative disadvantage},
   Booktitle = {Aging, globalization and inequality: The new critical
             gerontology},
   Publisher = {Baywood},
   Editor = {J. Baars and D. Dannefer and C. Phillipson and A.
             Walker},
   Year = {2006},
   Key = {fds45741}
}

@misc{fds255376,
   Author = {Tubbs, CY and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Bridging research using ethnography to inform clinical
             practice},
   Series = {2nd edition},
   Booktitle = {Research methods in family therapy},
   Publisher = {Guilford Press},
   Editor = {Sprenkle, DH and Piercy, FP},
   Year = {2006},
   Key = {fds255376}
}

@misc{fds255378,
   Author = {McLoyd, V and Aikens, NL and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Poverty and childrens well being: Linking research, policy,
             and practice},
   Booktitle = {Handbook of child psychology},
   Publisher = {WILEY},
   Editor = {Siegal, I and Renninger, A},
   Year = {2006},
   Key = {fds255378}
}

@misc{fds255379,
   Author = {Skinner, D and Lachicotte, W and Burton, LM},
   Title = {The difference disability makes: Managing childhood
             disability, poverty, and work},
   Booktitle = {Doing without: Women and work after welfare
             reform},
   Publisher = {University of Arizona Press},
   Editor = {Henrici, J},
   Year = {2006},
   Key = {fds255379}
}

@misc{fds255380,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Lein, L},
   Title = {Welfare and low-wage work: A troubled and troubling
             environment},
   Booktitle = {Doing without: Women and work after welfare
             reform},
   Publisher = {University of Arizona Press},
   Editor = {Henrici, J},
   Year = {2006},
   Key = {fds255380}
}

@misc{fds255383,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Whitfield, KE},
   Title = {Health, aging, and America’s poor: Ethnographic insights
             on family co-morbidity and cumulative disadvantage},
   Booktitle = {Aging, globalization and inequality: The new critical
             gerontology},
   Publisher = {Baywood},
   Editor = {Baars, J and Dannefer, D and Phillipson, C and Walker,
             A},
   Year = {2006},
   Key = {fds255383}
}

@misc{fds255381,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Lein, L and Kolak, A},
   Title = {Health and mothers' employment in low-income
             families},
   Pages = {489-505},
   Booktitle = {Work, Family, Health, and Well-Being},
   Publisher = {Routledge},
   Editor = {Bianchi, S and Casper, L and King, R},
   Year = {2005},
   Month = {June},
   ISBN = {1410613526},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781410613523},
   Doi = {10.4324/9781410613523},
   Key = {fds255381}
}

@misc{fds255375,
   Author = {Skinner, D and Matthews, S and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Combining ethnography and GIS to examine constructions of
             developmental opportunities in contexts of poverty and
             disability},
   Booktitle = {Discovering successful pathways in children’s development:
             New methods in the study of childhood and family
             life},
   Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
   Editor = {Weisner, T},
   Year = {2005},
   Key = {fds255375}
}

@misc{fds255382,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Lawson-Clark, S},
   Title = {Homeplace and housing in the lives of low-income urban
             African American families},
   Booktitle = {Emerging issues in African American family
             life},
   Publisher = {Guilford Press},
   Editor = {McLoyd, VC and Dodge, K and Hill, N},
   Year = {2005},
   Key = {fds255382}
}

@misc{fds255435,
   Author = {Dilworth-Anderson, P and Burton, LM and Klein,
             D},
   Title = {Contemporary and emerging theories studying
             families},
   Booktitle = {Sourcebook of family theory and research},
   Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
   Editor = {Bengtson, V and Allen, K and Dilworth-Anderson, P and Klein,
             D},
   Year = {2004},
   Key = {fds255435}
}

@misc{fds255428,
   Author = {Jarrett, RL and Roy, K and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Fathers in the hood: Insights from qualitative research on
             low income African American men},
   Booktitle = {Handbook on fatherhood involvement: Multidisciplinary
             perspectives},
   Publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
   Editor = {Monda, CTL and Cabrera, N},
   Year = {2002},
   Key = {fds255428}
}

@misc{fds255429,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Sociological and anthropological perspectives on fatherhood:
             Traversing lenses, methods, and invisible
             men},
   Booktitle = {Handbook on fatherhood involvement: Multidisciplinary
             perspectives},
   Publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
   Editor = {Monda, CTL and Cabrera, N},
   Year = {2002},
   Key = {fds255429}
}

@misc{fds255426,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {One step forward and two steps back: Neighborhoods and
             adolescent development},
   Booktitle = {Does it take a village? Community effects on children,
             adolescents, and families},
   Publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
   Editor = {Booth, A and Crouter, AC},
   Year = {2001},
   Key = {fds255426}
}

@misc{fds255427,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Jayakody, R},
   Title = {Rethinking family structure and single parenthood.
             Implications for future studies of African-American families
             and children},
   Booktitle = {Family and child well-being: Research and data
             needs},
   Publisher = {University of Michigan Press},
   Editor = {Thornton, A},
   Year = {2001},
   Key = {fds255427}
}

@misc{fds255419,
   Author = {Obeidallah, DO and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Affective ties between mothers and daughters in adolescent
             childbearing families},
   Booktitle = {Conflict and closeness: The formation, functioning, and
             stability of families},
   Publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum},
   Editor = {Brooks-Gunn, J and Cox, M},
   Year = {1999},
   Key = {fds255419}
}

@misc{fds255420,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Price-Spratlen, T},
   Title = {Through the eyes of children: An ethnographic perspective on
             neighborhoods and child development},
   Volume = {29},
   Booktitle = {Cultural processes in child development: Minnesota symposium
             on child psychology},
   Publisher = {Erlbaum},
   Editor = {Masten, A},
   Year = {1999},
   Key = {fds255420}
}

@misc{fds255421,
   Author = {Dilworth-Anderson, P and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Critical issues in understanding family support and older
             minorities},
   Series = {3rd edition},
   Booktitle = {Minority elders: Five goals toward building a public policy
             base},
   Publisher = {The Gerontological Society of America},
   Editor = {Miles, TP},
   Year = {1999},
   Key = {fds255421}
}

@misc{fds255374,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Graham, JE},
   Title = {Neighborhood rhythms and the social activities of adolescent
             mothers.},
   Pages = {7-22},
   Booktitle = {Temporal rhythms in adolescence: Clocks, calendars, and the
             coordination of daily life},
   Publisher = {Jossey-Bass},
   Editor = {Larson, R and Crouter, AC},
   Year = {1998},
   Month = {January},
   Key = {fds255374}
}

@misc{fds255373,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Snyder, AR},
   Title = {The invisible man revisited: Comments on the life course,
             history, and men's roles in American families},
   Booktitle = {Men in families},
   Publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum},
   Editor = {Booth, A and Crouter, AC},
   Year = {1998},
   Key = {fds255373}
}

@misc{fds255371,
   Author = {Spencer, MB and McDermott, P and Burton, LM and Cole,
             S},
   Title = {An alternative approach for assessing neighborhood effects
             on early adolescent achievement and problem
             behavior},
   Booktitle = {Neighborhood poverty: Context and consequences for
             children},
   Publisher = {Russell Sage},
   Editor = {Duncan, G and Brooks-Gunn, J and Aber, L},
   Year = {1997},
   Key = {fds255371}
}

@misc{fds255372,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Price-Spratlen, T and Spencer, M},
   Title = {On ways of thinking about and measuring neighborhoods:
             Implications for studying context and developmental outcomes
             for children},
   Booktitle = {Neighborhood poverty: Context and consequences for
             children},
   Publisher = {Russell Sage},
   Editor = {Duncan, G and Brooks-Gunn, J and Aber, L},
   Year = {1997},
   Key = {fds255372}
}

@misc{fds255370,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {The timing of childbearing, family structure, and the role
             responsibilities of aging black women},
   Pages = {155-172},
   Booktitle = {Stress and coping in children and families},
   Publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum},
   Editor = {Hetherington, EM and Blechman, E},
   Year = {1996},
   Key = {fds255370}
}

@misc{fds255416,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Obeidallah, DO and Allison, K},
   Title = {Ethnographic perspectives on social context and adolescent
             development among inner-city African American
             teens},
   Booktitle = {Essays on ethnography and human development},
   Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
   Editor = {Jessor, R and Colby, A and Shweder, R},
   Year = {1996},
   Key = {fds255416}
}

@misc{fds255356,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Allison, K and Obeidallah, D},
   Title = {Social context and adolescence: Perspectives on development
             among inner-city African-American teens},
   Pages = {119-138},
   Booktitle = {Pathways through adolescence: Individual development in
             relation to social context},
   Publisher = {Erlbaum},
   Editor = {Crockett, L and Crouter, A},
   Year = {1995},
   Key = {fds255356}
}

@misc{fds255367,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Intergenerational patterns of providing care in
             African-American families with teenage childbearers:
             Emergent patterns in an ethnographic study},
   Pages = {79-96},
   Booktitle = {Intergenerational issues in aging},
   Publisher = {SPRINGER},
   Editor = {Schaie, KW and Bengtson, VL and Burton, LM},
   Year = {1995},
   Key = {fds255367}
}

@misc{fds255368,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Thay doi ve dan so va quan he trong gia dinh nhieu the he:
             Trien vong o Viet Nam trong truong lai (Demographic change
             and intergenerational family structure: Implications for
             family relationships in Vietnam)},
   Pages = {197-206},
   Booktitle = {Gia Dinh va dia vi nguoi phu nu trong xa
             hoi},
   Publisher = {Nha Xuat Ban Khoa Hoc Xa Hoi},
   Editor = {Quy, BTK},
   Year = {1995},
   Key = {fds255368}
}

@misc{fds255414,
   Author = {Bengtson, VL and Rosenthal, C and Burton, L},
   Title = {Paradoxes of families and aging at the turn of the
             century},
   Booktitle = {Handbook of aging and the social sciences},
   Publisher = {Academic Press},
   Editor = {Binstock, R and George, L},
   Year = {1995},
   Key = {fds255414}
}

@misc{fds255366,
   Author = {Stack, CB and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Kinscripts: Reflections on family, generation, and
             culture},
   Pages = {33-44},
   Booktitle = {Mothering: Ideology, experience, and agency},
   Publisher = {Routledge},
   Editor = {Glenn, EN and Chang, G and Forcey, LR},
   Year = {1994},
   Key = {fds255366}
}

@misc{fds255363,
   Author = {Dilworth-Anderson, P and Burton, LM and Boulin-Johnson,
             L},
   Title = {Reframing theories for understanding race, ethnicity, and
             family.},
   Pages = {627-646},
   Booktitle = {Sourcebook of family theories and methods: A contextual
             approach},
   Publisher = {Plenum Press},
   Editor = {Boss, WD and Doherty, W and Larossa, R and Schumm, W and Steinmetz,
             S},
   Year = {1993},
   Key = {fds255363}
}

@misc{fds255364,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Stack, CB},
   Title = {Kinscripts and adolescent childbearing},
   Pages = {174-185},
   Booktitle = {The politics of pregnancy},
   Publisher = {Yale University Press},
   Editor = {Rhode, DL and Lawson, A},
   Year = {1993},
   Key = {fds255364}
}

@misc{fds255365,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Sorensen, S},
   Title = {Temporal dimensions of intergenerational caregiving in
             African-American multigeneration families},
   Pages = {47-66},
   Booktitle = {Caregiving systems: Informal and formal helpers},
   Publisher = {Erlbaum Associates},
   Editor = {Zarit, SH and Pearlin, LI and Schaie, KW},
   Year = {1993},
   Key = {fds255365}
}

@misc{fds255362,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Stack, CB},
   Title = {Conscripting kin: Reflections on family, generation, and
             culture},
   Pages = {103-113},
   Booktitle = {Family, self, and society},
   Publisher = {Erlbaum Associates},
   Editor = {Cowan, P and Field, D and Hanson, D and Skolnick, A and Swanson,
             G},
   Year = {1992},
   Key = {fds255362}
}

@misc{fds255361,
   Author = {Bengtson, VL and Rosenthal, C and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Families and aging},
   Pages = {263-287},
   Booktitle = {Handbook of aging and the social sciences},
   Publisher = {Academic Press},
   Editor = {Binstock, R and George, L},
   Year = {1990},
   Key = {fds255361}
}

@misc{fds255360,
   Author = {Elder, GH and Caspi, A and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Adolescent transitions in developmental perspective:
             Sociological and historical insights},
   Volume = {21},
   Pages = {151-179},
   Booktitle = {Minnesota symposium on child psychology},
   Publisher = {Erlbaum},
   Editor = {Gunnar, M},
   Year = {1987},
   Key = {fds255360}
}

@misc{fds255359,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Bengtson, VL},
   Title = {Black grandmothers: Issues of timing and meaning in
             roles},
   Pages = {61-77},
   Booktitle = {Grandparenthood: Research and policy},
   Publisher = {Sage},
   Editor = {Bengtson, VL and Robertson, J},
   Year = {1985},
   Key = {fds255359}
}

@misc{fds255358,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Bengtson, VL},
   Title = {Research in minority communities: Problems and
             potentials},
   Pages = {215-222},
   Booktitle = {Minority aging: Sociological and social psychological
             issues},
   Publisher = {Greenwood Press},
   Editor = {Manuel, R},
   Year = {1982},
   Key = {fds255358}
}

@misc{fds255357,
   Author = {Bengtson, VL and Manuel, RC and Burton, LM},
   Title = {Sociology of age},
   Pages = {22-39},
   Booktitle = {Aging prospects and issues},
   Publisher = {University of Southern California Press},
   Editor = {Davis, R},
   Year = {1981},
   Key = {fds255357}
}

@misc{fds45909,
   Author = {Burton, L. M. and Allison, K. and Obeidallah,
             D.},
   Title = {Social context and adolescence: Perspectives on development
             among inner-city African-American teens},
   Pages = {119-138},
   Booktitle = {Pathways through adolescence: Individual development in
             relation to social context},
   Publisher = {Erlbaum},
   Editor = {L. Crockett and A. Crouter},
   Year = {199},
   Key = {fds45909}
}


%% Edited Books   
@misc{fds255444,
   Author = {D Brady and LM Burton},
   Title = {Oxford handbook of the social science of
             poverty},
   Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
   Editor = {Brady, D and Burton, LM},
   Year = {2013},
   Month = {November},
   Key = {fds255444}
}

@misc{fds309970,
   Author = {Burton, L.M. and Kemp, S. and Leung, M. and Matthews, S. and Takeuchi,
             D.},
   Title = {Communities, neighborhood, and health: Expanding the
             boundaries of place},
   Publisher = {SPRINGER},
   Address = {NY},
   Editor = {Burton, LM and Kemp, S and Leung, M and Matthews, S and Takeuchi,
             D},
   Year = {2011},
   Key = {fds309970}
}

@misc{fds255354,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Hernandez, D and Hofferth, S},
   Title = {Families, youth, and childrens well being},
   Publisher = {American Sociological Association},
   Year = {1998},
   Key = {fds255354}
}

@misc{fds255442,
   Author = {Schaie, W. K. and Bengtson, V. L. and Burton, L.
             M.},
   Title = {Intergenerational issues in aging},
   Publisher = {SPRINGER},
   Editor = {Schaie, WK and Bengston, VL and Burton, LM},
   Year = {1995},
   Key = {fds255442}
}

@misc{fds309971,
   Title = {A new look at families and aging},
   Publisher = {Baywood Publishing},
   Editor = {Burton, LM},
   Year = {1993},
   Key = {fds309971}
}


%% Papers Accepted   
@article{fds167540,
   Author = {Burton, L.M. and Welsh, W. and Destro, L.},
   Title = {Grandmothers' differential involvment with grandchildren in
             rural multi-partnered fertility family structures},
   Booktitle = {From generation to generation: continuity and discontinuity
             in again families},
   Publisher = {Johns Hopkins University Press},
   Editor = {M. Silverstein and R. Giarrusso},
   Year = {2012},
   Key = {fds167540}
}

@misc{fds255438,
   Author = {Burton, LM and Lichter, D and Baker, RS and Eason,
             JM},
   Title = {Inequality, poverty, and health in the new rural America:
             Towards an emergent research agenda},
   Journal = {American Behavioral Scientist},
   Year = {2012},
   Key = {fds255438}
}


%% Work In Progress   
@misc{fds142285,
   Author = {Burton, L.M.},
   Title = {“Hiding in Plain Sight: Racialization, Colorism, and the
             Intimate Union and Childbearing Behaviors of Adolescent and
             Young-Adult Rural Mothers.},
   Year = {2012},
   Key = {fds142285}
}

@misc{fds167565,
   Author = {Brady, D. and Burton, L.M.},
   Title = {Handbook of poverty research and society, Oxford University
             Press},
   Year = {2012},
   Key = {fds167565}
}


%% Presented Papers   
@article{fds214428,
   Author = {Burton, L.M.},
   Title = {“Hiding in plain sight:” Racialization, colorism, and
             the intimate union and childbearing behaviors of adolescent
             and young-adult rural mothers},
   Journal = {Invited keynote address presented at the Society for
             Research in Child Development Themed Meeting: Transitions
             from Adolescence to Adulthood, Tampa, FL},
   Year = {2012},
   Month = {October},
   Key = {fds214428}
}

@article{fds214427,
   Author = {Garrett-Peters, R. and Burton, L.M},
   Title = {Poverty and the production of household chaos: Findings from
             an ethnographic study of low-income rural
             mothers},
   Journal = {Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the International
             Society of the Study of Behavioural Development, Edmonton,
             Alberta, Canada},
   Year = {2012},
   Month = {July},
   Key = {fds214427}
}


%% Papers for Meetings   
@article{fds299936,
   Author = {Burton, L and Tubbs, C and Odoms, AM and Oh, HJ and Mello, ZR and Cherlin,
             A},
   Title = {Welfare reform, poverty, and health: Ethnographic
             perspectives on health status and health insurance coverage
             in low-income families},
   Year = {2003},
   Key = {fds299936}
}

@article{fds299937,
   Author = {Burton, L and Benjamin, A and Hurt, T and Woodruff, SL and Kolak,
             A},
   Title = {An ethnographic study of low-income non-entrants to TANF:
             Welfare experiences, diversions, and making ends
             meet},
   Year = {2003},
   Key = {fds299937}
}

@article{fds299935,
   Author = {Slattery, E and Skinner, D and Lahicotte, W and Cherlin, A and Burton,
             LM},
   Title = {Disability, health coverage, and welfare
             reform},
   Year = {2002},
   Key = {fds299935}
}

@article{fds299934,
   Author = {Moffitt, R and Cherlin, AJ and Burton, L and King, M and Roff,
             J},
   Title = {The characteristics of families of families remaining on
             welfare},
   Year = {2001},
   Key = {fds299934}
}

@article{fds299932,
   Author = {Cherlin, AJ and Winston, P and Angel, RJ and Burton, L and Chase-Lansdale, PL and Moffitt, RA and Wilson, WJ and Quane, J and Levine-Coley, R},
   Title = {What welfare recipients know about the new rules and what
             they have to say about them},
   Year = {2000},
   Key = {fds299932}
}

@article{fds299933,
   Author = {Cherlin, AJ and Burton, L and Francis, J and Henrici, J and Lein, L and Quane, J and Bogen, K},
   Title = {Sanctions and case closings for noncompliance: Who is
             affected and why},
   Year = {2000},
   Key = {fds299933}
}

@article{fds299931,
   Author = {Winston, P and Angel, RJ and Burton, L and Chase-Lansdale, PL and Cherlin, AJ and Moffitt, RA and Wilson, WJ},
   Title = {Welfare, children, and families: Overview and
             design},
   Year = {1999},
   Key = {fds299931}
}

@article{fds299930,
   Author = {Burton, L and Cherlin, AJ and Francis, J and Jarrett, RL and Quane, J and Williams, C and Stem Cook and MN},
   Title = {What welfare recipients and the fathers of their children
             are saying about welfare reform},
   Year = {1998},
   Key = {fds299930}
}

@article{fds255325,
   Author = {Burton, LM},
   Title = {Family structure and nonmarital fertility: Perspectives from
             ethnographic research},
   Pages = {147-165},
   Booktitle = {Report to congress on out-of-wedlock childbearing},
   Publisher = {Department of Health and Human Services},
   Year = {1995},
   Key = {fds255325}
}


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