Papers Published
Abstract:
The scope of the Gulag—the Soviet system of incarceration and internal exile—is immense yet relatively little known. Millions of people died in the Gulag, and millions more had their lives radically disrupted by arrest, exile, or hard labor in camps or in the labor army. The effects continue to be evident in people’s memories, in fiction and other forms of art, and in many social phenomena, including people’s reactions to government.