Publications of Patricia W. Linville    :chronological  alphabetical  combined listing:

%% Journal Articles   
@article{fds298653,
   Author = {Linville, PW and Fischer, GW and Yoon, C},
   Title = {Perceived Covariation among the Features of Ingroup and
             Outgroup Members: The Outgroup Covariation
             Effect},
   Journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
   Volume = {70},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {421-436},
   Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
   Year = {1996},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.421},
   Abstract = {The authors show a new outgroup homogeneity bias - outgroup
             covariation. They investigated perceived covariation among
             the features describing group subtypes. Results support a
             familiarity covariation effect. Those more familiar with a
             group perceive lower covariation among features of group
             members. Results also support an outgroup covariation
             effect. In cases in which people are less familiar with the
             outgroup, they perceive greater covariation among features
             of outgroup members. For age, in which young and old people
             were less familiar with the outgroup, both perceived greater
             covariation among features of outgroup subtypes. For
             occupation, in which undergraduates had less work experience
             than masters of business students, undergraduates perceived
             greater covariation among features of business subtypes. For
             gender, in which students were equally familiar with men and
             women, no covariation effect occurred. Familiarity mediated
             outgroup covariation effects.},
   Doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.421},
   Key = {fds298653}
}

@article{fds313860,
   Author = {Linville, PW and Fischer, GW},
   Title = {Exemplar and Abstraction Models of Perceived Group
             Variability and Stereotypicality},
   Journal = {Social Cognition},
   Volume = {11},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {92-125},
   Publisher = {Guilford Publications},
   Year = {1993},
   Month = {March},
   ISSN = {0278-016X},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LR38100005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Doi = {10.1521/soco.1993.11.1.92},
   Key = {fds313860}
}

@article{fds298652,
   Author = {Linville, PW and Fischer, GW},
   Title = {Preferences for separating or combining events.},
   Journal = {Journal of personality and social psychology},
   Volume = {60},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {5-23},
   Year = {1991},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0022-3514},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1995835},
   Abstract = {This research investigates people's preferences for
             temporally separating or combining emotionally impactful
             events. For instance, do people prefer to experience 2
             negative events (e.g., manuscript rejections) on the same
             day or on different days? Do people prefer to experience 2
             positive events (e.g., manuscript acceptances) on the same
             or different days? This article proposes a renewable
             resources model that combines elements of decision-making
             models (prospect theory) with the notion that people possess
             limited but renewable physiological, cognitive, and social
             resources for dealing with emotionally impactful events. As
             predicted, Ss preferred to separate 2 positive events (the
             gain-savoring hypothesis), to separate 2 negative events
             (the multiple-loss-avoidance hypothesis), and to combine a
             positive and a negative event (the loss-buffering
             hypothesis). Ss displayed identical preferences for events
             from the academic, financial, and social
             domains.},
   Doi = {10.1037//0022-3514.60.1.5},
   Key = {fds298652}
}

@article{fds298651,
   Author = {Linville, PW and Fischer, GW and Salovey, P},
   Title = {Perceived distributions of the characteristics of in-group
             and out-group members: empirical evidence and a computer
             simulation.},
   Journal = {Journal of personality and social psychology},
   Volume = {57},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {165-188},
   Year = {1989},
   Month = {August},
   ISSN = {0022-3514},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.57.2.165},
   Abstract = {This research studied 2 properties of perceived
             distributions of the characteristics of social category
             members: the probability of differentiating (making
             distinctions) among category members and the perceived
             variability (variance) of category members. The results of 4
             experiments supported the hypothesis that greater
             familiarity with a social group leads to greater perceived
             differentiation and variability regarding that group.
             In-group members formed more differentiated and variable
             distributions for groups defined by age and more
             differentiated distributions for groups defined by
             nationality. For gender (where students were roughly equally
             familiar with people of both genders), no
             in-group--out-group differences occurred. Also, students
             perceived greater differentiation and variability among
             classmates over the course of a semester. To explain these
             results, we developed PDIST, a multiple exemplar model that
             assumes that people form perceived distributions by
             activating a set of category exemplars and then judging the
             relative likelihoods of different feature values on the
             basis of the relative activation strengths of these feature
             values. The results of a computer simulation experiment
             indicated that PDIST is sufficient to explain the results of
             our 4 experiments. According to the perceived distributions
             formed by PDIST, increasing familiarity leads to greater
             differentiation and variability, has a concave impact, and
             has greater impact on differentiation than on
             variability.},
   Doi = {10.1037//0022-3514.57.2.165},
   Key = {fds298651}
}

@article{fds298649,
   Author = {Linville, PW},
   Title = {Self-complexity as a cognitive buffer against stress-related
             illness and depression.},
   Journal = {Journal of personality and social psychology},
   Volume = {52},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {663-676},
   Year = {1987},
   Month = {April},
   ISSN = {0022-3514},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.52.4.663},
   Abstract = {This prospective study tested the self-complexity buffering
             hypothesis that greater self-complexity moderates the
             adverse impact of stress on depression and illness. This
             hypothesis follows from a model that assumes self-knowledge
             is represented in terms of multiple self-aspects. As defined
             in this model, greater self-complexity involves representing
             the self in terms of a greater number of cognitive
             self-aspects and maintaining greater distinctions among
             self-aspects. Subjects completed measures of stressful
             events, self-complexity, depression, and illness in two
             sessions separated by 2 weeks. A multiple regression
             analysis used depression and illness at Time 2 as outcomes,
             stressful life events and self-complexity at Time 1 as
             predictors, and depression and illness at Time 1 as control
             variables. The Stress X Self-Complexity interaction provided
             strong support for the buffering hypothesis. Subjects higher
             in self-complexity were less prone to depression, perceived
             stress, physical symptoms, and occurrence of the flu and
             other illnesses following high levels of stressful events.
             These results suggest that vulnerability to stress-related
             depression and illness is due, in part, to differences in
             cognitive representations of the self.},
   Doi = {10.1037//0022-3514.52.4.663},
   Key = {fds298649}
}

@article{fds298650,
   Author = {Wilson, TD and Linville, PW},
   Title = {Improving the Performance of College Freshmen With
             Attributional Techniques},
   Journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
   Volume = {49},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {287-293},
   Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
   Year = {1985},
   Month = {July},
   ISSN = {0022-3514},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.49.1.287},
   Abstract = {In an earlier study (Wilson & Linville, 1982), college
             freshmen were given information suggesting that the causes
             of low grades are unstable. Compared with a control group,
             these students did better on both short-term and long-term
             performance measures. The long-term results, however, tended
             to be weak or open to alternative explanations. Two
             replication studies are reported here. Considered together,
             the three studies (original plus two replications) found
             that our attributional interventions improved the
             performance of college freshmen on both short-term and
             long-term measures. Presenting freshmen with information
             indicating that the causes of low grades in the first year
             are temporary led to (a) improvement on sample items from
             the Graduate Record Exam and (b) increases in actual grades
             in the semester after the studies were conducted. These
             results were stronger for males than for females. Possible
             reasons for this sex difference are discussed. © 1985
             American Psychological Association.},
   Doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.49.1.287},
   Key = {fds298650}
}

@article{fds298647,
   Author = {Wilson, TD and Linville, PW},
   Title = {Improving the academic performance of college freshmen:
             Attribution therapy revisited},
   Journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
   Volume = {42},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {367-376},
   Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
   Year = {1982},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0022-3514},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.42.2.367},
   Abstract = {40 freshmen were given information indicating that on the
             average, college students improve their grades from the
             freshman to the upperclass years, and they were shown
             videotaped interviews of upperclassmen who reported that
             their GPAs had improved since their freshman year. Ss who
             received the information, compared to those who did not, (a)
             were significantly less apt to leave college by the end of
             the sophomore year, (b) had a significantly greater increase
             in GPA 1 yr after the study, and (c) performed significantly
             better on sample items from the Graduate Record Exam. The
             self-report evidence for the cognitive processes mediating
             these behavioral changes was weak. A more positive mood was
             reported only by Ss who performed a reasons analysis (i.e.,
             who were asked to list reasons why their grades might
             improve). This divergent pattern of behavioral and
             self-report results is discussed in terms of the hypothesis
             that the determinants of behavioral results differ from the
             determinants of self-report results in self-attribution
             studies. (23 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA,
             all rights reserved). © 1982 American Psychological
             Association.},
   Doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.42.2.367},
   Key = {fds298647}
}

@article{fds298648,
   Author = {Linville, PW},
   Title = {The complexity-extremity effect and age-based
             stereotyping},
   Journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
   Volume = {42},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {193-211},
   Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
   Year = {1982},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0022-3514},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.42.2.193},
   Abstract = {Hypothesized that (a) people have a more complex cognitive
             representation of their own group than of other groups; (b)
             the less complex a person's representation of stimuli from a
             given domain, the more extreme will be the person's
             evaluations of stimuli from that domain; and (c) people will
             evaluate out-group members more extremely than in-group
             members. Using age as an in-group/out-group variable, Exp I
             supported the 1st hypothesis: Male undergraduates
             demonstrated greater complexity in their descriptions of
             their own age group than of an older age group. Results of
             Exps II and III support the 2nd hypothesis, with parallel
             findings for dispositional and manipulated complexity.
             Results from Exp II support the 3rd hypothesis in that
             younger males evaluated older male targets more extremely
             than they did younger ones. When the target was favorable,
             the older male was evaluated more positively than the
             younger one; when the target was unfavorable, the older male
             was evaluated more negatively. (52 ref) (PsycINFO Database
             Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved). © 1982 American
             Psychological Association.},
   Doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.42.2.193},
   Key = {fds298648}
}

@article{fds298646,
   Author = {Linville, PW and Jones, EE},
   Title = {Polarized appraisals of out-group members},
   Journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
   Volume = {38},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {689-703},
   Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
   Year = {1980},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0022-3514},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.38.5.689},
   Abstract = {Developed and tested a model that assumes that people have a
             more complex schema regarding in-groups than out-groups and
             consequently, that appraisals of out-group members will be
             more extreme or polarized than appraisals of in-group
             members. Four experiments with 415 White male and female
             undergraduates tested this model, as well as predictions
             derived from attribution principles. In Exp I, Ss read and
             evaluated a law school application containing incidental
             information about the applicant's race and gender. A Black
             applicant with strong credentials was judged more favorably
             than an identical White applicant, supporting a prediction
             derived from the augmentation principle. In Exp II, an
             applicant with weak credentials was included in the design.
             Results support the prediction that out-group members would
             be evaluated more extremely: When the application
             credentials were positive, the out-group member (a Black or
             opposite-sex applicant) was evaluated more favorably than
             the in-group member (a White or same-sex applicant). When
             the application credentials were weak, the out-group member
             was evaluated more negatively. Exp III and IV provided
             support for the 2 assumptions underlying the
             complexity-extremity hypothesis: First, White Ss
             demonstrated greater complexity regarding Whites than
             Blacks. Second, greater complexity resulted in evaluative
             moderation. (20 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA,
             all rights reserved). © 1980 American Psychological
             Association.},
   Doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.38.5.689},
   Key = {fds298646}
}


%% Chapters in Books   
@misc{fds313858,
   Author = {Linville, PW and Fischer, GW and Fischhoff, B},
   Title = {AIDS risk perceptions and decision biases},
   Volume = {24},
   Pages = {5-38},
   Booktitle = {The Social Psychology of HIV Infection},
   Publisher = {PSYCHOLOGY PRESS},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {June},
   ISBN = {9781138853201},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315722924},
   Doi = {10.4324/9781315722924},
   Key = {fds313858}
}

@misc{fds298645,
   Author = {Linville, PW and Fischer, GW},
   Title = {From basketball to business: Expertise, implicit
             covariation, and social judgment},
   Pages = {135-152},
   Booktitle = {The Psychology of Group Perception: Perceived Variability,
             Entitativity, and Essentialism},
   Publisher = {PSYCHOLOGY PRESS},
   Year = {2003},
   Month = {December},
   ISBN = {9780203644973},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203644973},
   Doi = {10.4324/9780203644973},
   Key = {fds298645}
}

@misc{fds313855,
   Author = {Fischer, GW and Linville, PQ},
   Title = {Group Variability and Covariation: Effects on Intergroup
             Judgment and Behavior},
   Pages = {123-150},
   Booktitle = {Intergroup Cognition and Intergroup Behavior},
   Publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
   Year = {1998},
   ISBN = {9780805820553},
   Abstract = {This volume focuses not on a specific theory but rather on
             an approach. This approach is the interface between
             intergroup cognition and intergroup behavior.},
   Key = {fds313855}
}

@misc{fds313859,
   Author = {Linville, PW},
   Title = {The heterogeneity of homogeneity.},
   Pages = {423-487},
   Publisher = {American Psychological Association},
   Year = {1998},
   ISBN = {1557984751},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000078348600025&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Doi = {10.1037/10286-008},
   Key = {fds313859}
}

@misc{fds313856,
   Author = {Fischer, GW and Linville, PW and Fischhoff, B},
   Title = {AIDS Risk Perceptions and Decision Biases},
   Pages = {5-38},
   Booktitle = {The Social psychology of HIV infection},
   Publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum},
   Year = {1993},
   ISBN = {9780805809916},
   Abstract = {This volume's goal is not to evaluate previous attempts
             to answer these social problems, but to provide theoretical
             analyses of some of the basic social psychological processes
             that underlie the problems.},
   Key = {fds313856}
}

@misc{fds313857,
   Author = {Fischer, GW and Linville, PW and Salovey, P},
   Title = {Stereotyping and Perceived Distributions of Social
             Characteristics},
   Pages = {165`-208},
   Booktitle = {Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism},
   Year = {1986},
   Month = {January},
   Key = {fds313857}
}