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| Marketing : Publications since January 2023List all publications in the database. :chronological alphabetical combined listing:%% Ariely, Dan @article{fds376744, Author = {Peer, E and Mazar, N and Feldman, Y and Ariely, D}, Title = {How pledges reduce dishonesty: The role of involvement and identification}, Journal = {Journal of Experimental Social Psychology}, Volume = {113}, Year = {2024}, Month = {July}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104614}, Abstract = {Authorities and managers often rely on individuals and businesses' self-reports and employ various forms of honesty declarations to ensure that those individuals and businesses do not over-claim payments, benefits, or other resources. While previous work has found that honesty pledges have the potential to decrease dishonesty, effects have been mixed. We argue that understanding and predicting when honesty pledges are effective has been obstructed due to variations in experimental designs and operationalizations of honesty pledges in previous research. Specifically, we focus on the role of whether and how an ex-ante honesty pledge asks individuals to identify (by ID, name, initials) and how much involvement the pledge requires from the individual (low: just reading vs. high: re-typing the text of the pledge). In four pre-registered online studies (N > 5000), we systematically examine these two dimensions of a pledge to find that involvement is often more effective than identification. In addition, low involvement pledges, without any identification, are mostly ineffective. Finally, we find that the effect of a high (vs. low) involvement pledge is relatively more persistent across tasks. Yet, repeating a low involvement pledge across tasks increases its effectiveness and compensates for the lower persistency across tasks. Taken together, these results contribute both to theory by comparing some of the mechanisms possibly underlying honesty pledges as well as to practice by providing guidance to managers and policymakers on how to effectively design pledges to prevent or reduce dishonesty in self-reports.}, Doi = {10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104614}, Key = {fds376744} } @article{fds372454, Author = {Mitkidis, P and Perkovic, S and Nichols, A and Elbæk, CT and Gerlach, P and Ariely, D}, Title = {Morality in minimally deceptive environments.}, Journal = {Journal of experimental psychology. Applied}, Volume = {30}, Number = {1}, Pages = {48-61}, Year = {2024}, Month = {March}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xap0000476}, Abstract = {Psychologists, economists, and philosophers have long argued that in environments where deception is normative, moral behavior is harmed. In this article, we show that individuals making decisions within minimally deceptive environments do not behave more dishonestly than in nondeceptive environments. We demonstrate the latter using an example of experimental deception within established institutions, such as laboratories and institutional review boards. We experimentally manipulated whether participants received information about their deception. Across three well-powered studies, we empirically demonstrate that minimally deceptive environments do not affect downstream dishonest behavior. Only when participants were in a minimally deceptive environment and aware of being observed, their dishonest behavior decreased. Our results show that the relationship between deception and dishonesty might be more complicated than previous interpretations have suggested and expand the understanding of how deception might affect (im)moral behavior. We discuss possible limitations and future directions as well as the applied nature of these findings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).}, Doi = {10.1037/xap0000476}, Key = {fds372454} } @article{fds374611, Author = {Landry, AP and Fincher, K and Barr, N and Brosowsky, NP and Protzko, J and Ariely, D and Seli, P}, Title = {Harnessing dehumanization theory, modern media, and an intervention tournament to reduce support for retributive war crimes}, Journal = {Journal of Experimental Social Psychology}, Volume = {111}, Year = {2024}, Month = {March}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104567}, Abstract = {We demonstrate how psychological scientists can curate rich-yet-accessible media to intervene on conflict-escalating attitudes during the earliest stages of violent conflicts. Although wartime atrocities all-too-often ignite destructive cycles of tit-for-tat war crimes, powerful third parties can de-escalate the bloodshed. Therefore, following Russia's illegal invasion of Ukraine, we aimed to reduce Americans' support for committing retributive war crimes against Russian soldiers. To intervene during the earliest stages of the invasion, we drew on theories of dehumanization and “parasocial” intergroup contact to curate publicly available media expected to humanize Russian soldiers. We then identified the most effective materials by simultaneously evaluating all of them with an intervention tournament. This allowed us to quickly implement a psychological intervention that reliably reduced support for war crimes during the first days of a momentous land war. Our work provides a practical, result-driven model for developing psychological interventions with the potential to de-escalate incipient conflicts.}, Doi = {10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104567}, Key = {fds374611} } @article{fds376098, Author = {Diamond, JE and Kaltenbach, LA and Granger, BB and Fonarow, GC and Al-Khalidi, HR and Albert, NM and Butler, J and Allen, LA and Lanfear, DE and Thibodeau, JT and Granger, CB and Hernandez, AF and Ariely, D and DeVore, AD}, Title = {Access to Mobile Health Interventions Among Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure: Insights Into the Digital Divide From the CONNECT-HF mHealth Substudy.}, Journal = {Circ Heart Fail}, Volume = {17}, Number = {2}, Pages = {e011140}, Year = {2024}, Month = {February}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.123.011140}, Doi = {10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.123.011140}, Key = {fds376098} } @article{fds373935, Author = {Nichols, AD and Axt, J and Gosnell, E and Ariely, D}, Title = {A field study of the impacts of workplace diversity on the recruitment of minority group members.}, Journal = {Nature human behaviour}, Volume = {7}, Number = {12}, Pages = {2212-2227}, Year = {2023}, Month = {December}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41562-023-01731-5}, Abstract = {Increasing workplace diversity is a common goal. Given research showing that minority applicants anticipate better treatment in diverse workplaces, we ran a field experiment (N = 1,585 applicants, N = 31,928 website visitors) exploring how subtle organizational diversity cues affected applicant behaviour. Potential applicants viewed a company with varying levels of racial/ethnic or gender diversity. There was little evidence that racial/ethnic or gender diversity impacted the demographic composition or quality of the applicant pool. However, fewer applications were submitted to organizations with one form of diversity (that is, racial/ethnic or gender diversity), and more applications were submitted to organizations with only white men employees or employees diverse in race/ethnicity and gender. Finally, exploratory analyses found that female applicants were rated as more qualified than male applicants. Presenting a more diverse workforce does not guarantee more minority applicants, and organizations seeking to recruit minority applicants may need stronger displays of commitments to diversity.}, Doi = {10.1038/s41562-023-01731-5}, Key = {fds373935} } @article{fds362209, Author = {Bartmann, N and Rayburn-Reeves, R and Lindemans, J and Ariely, D}, Title = {Does Real Age Feedback Really Motivate Us to Change our Lifestyle? Results from an Online Experiment.}, Journal = {Health communication}, Volume = {38}, Number = {9}, Pages = {1744-1753}, Year = {2023}, Month = {October}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2022.2030078}, Abstract = {We set out to research the causal impact of Real Age feedback, a popular tool on health and lifestyle platforms, on health behaviors. We ran an online experiment where participants were randomly assigned a Real Age that differed in both direction (older or younger) and magnitude (much or slightly) from their passport age, or to a control condition where they received no Real Age feedback. We measured the impact of Real Age feedback on motivation to begin a healthier lifestyle, interest in taking a Real Age test, and percentage click-rate on an optional health link. We found that younger Real Age feedback was associated with higher interest. In addition, participants who received a slightly older Real Age were significantly less motivated to begin a healthier lifestyle compared to not only those who received a much younger or much older Real Age, but also to those in the control condition, suggesting a backfire effect. This effect remained even after accounting for participant health, demographics, and other psychological correlates to motivation. Real Age tests may backfire and demotivate people, and the positive effects they may have on psychological states may not outweigh the negative effects. Though promising, we caution using Real Age tests in their current form as stand-alone interventions to get people motivated.}, Doi = {10.1080/10410236.2022.2030078}, Key = {fds362209} } @article{fds373690, Author = {Elman, I and Ariely, D and Tsoy-Podosenin, M and Verbitskaya, E and Wahlgren, V and Wang, AL and Zvartau, E and Borsook, D and Krupitsky, E}, Title = {Contextual processing and its alterations in patients with addictive disorders}, Journal = {Addiction Neuroscience}, Volume = {7}, Year = {2023}, Month = {September}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addicn.2023.100100}, Abstract = {Contextual processing is implicated in the pathophysiology of addictive disorders, but the nature of putative deficiencies remains unclear. We assessed some aspects of contextual processing across multimodal experimental procedures with detoxified subjects who were dependent on opioids (n = 18), alcohol- (n = 20), both opioids and alcohol (n = 22) and healthy controls (n = 24) using a) facial- and b) emotionally laden images; c) gambling task and d) sucrose solutions. Healthy subjects displayed consistent response pattern throughout all categories of the presented stimuli. As a group, dependent subjects rated (i.e., valuated) attractive and average faces respectively more and less attractive in comparison to controls. Dependent subjects' motivational effort, measured in the units of computer keypress to determine the attractive faces' viewing time, accorded the valuational context but was diminished relatively to the average faces’ valuation. Dependent subjects’ motivational effort for pleasant and aversive images respectively mirrored the attractive and average faces; their neutral images’ motivational effort was incongruent with the valuational context framed by the intermixed images. Also, dependent subjects’ emotional responses to counterfactual comparisons of gambling outcomes were unmatched by the riskiness context. Moreover, dependent subjects failed to show greater liking of sweet solutions that normally accompanies low sweetness perceptual context indicative of higher sucrose concentration needed for maximal hedonic experience. Consistent differences among the dependent groups (opioid vs. alcohol vs. comorbid) on the above procedures were not observed. The present findings suggest that opioid and/or alcohol dependence may be associated with amplified hedonic and motivational valuation of pleasant stimuli and with a disrupted link between behavioral/emotional responsivity and contextual variations. Further research is warranted to unravel the distinctive features of contextual processing in opioid- vis-à-vis alcohol addiction and how these features may interrelate in comorbid conditions.}, Doi = {10.1016/j.addicn.2023.100100}, Key = {fds373690} } %% Bettman, James R. @article{fds369095, Author = {Brick, DJ and Wight, KG and Bettman, JR and Chartrand, TL and Fitzsimons, GJ}, Title = {Celebrate Good Times: How Celebrations Increase Perceived Social Support}, Journal = {Journal of Public Policy and Marketing}, Volume = {42}, Number = {2}, Pages = {115-132}, Year = {2023}, Month = {April}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07439156221145696}, Abstract = {Despite the ubiquity of celebrations in everyday life, little is known about how celebrations may contribute to consumer well-being. In the current work, the authors propose that celebrations promote perceived social support, which prior work has conceptualized as the belief that others will be there for you for future negative life events. The authors further theorize that celebrations require three key characteristics that, in combination, are necessary for increasing perceived social support. Specifically, celebrations must (1) mark an individual's separate positive event and (2) involve consumption (3) with others (i.e., social). They test this theory across eight studies and demonstrate a process mechanism for this effect: these characteristics lead to increases in enacted support and perceived responsiveness, which in turn lead to increases in more general perceived social support. They then extend these findings by investigating virtually held celebrations, the individual's role at the celebration, and a downstream prosocial outcome. By doing so, this work highlights the broader benefits of celebrations beyond the focal individual and the immediate experience. Finally, specific policy implications and suggestions for enhancing consumer well-being are provided.}, Doi = {10.1177/07439156221145696}, Key = {fds369095} } @article{fds372840, Author = {Wiener, HJD and Bettman, JR and Luce, MF}, Title = {Product-facilitated conversations: When does starting a conversation by mentioning a product lead to better conversational outcomes?}, Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology}, Year = {2023}, Month = {January}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1387}, Abstract = {This paper examines product-facilitated conversations. In three studies, we show that the products consumers publicly display influence how other consumers start conversations with them and how enjoyable and self-disclosing these conversations are. Study 1 is an experiment in the field that shows that product-facilitated conversations are deeper and more enjoyable than non-product-facilitated ones. Study 2 examines the characteristics of products that, when mentioned, lead to good conversations and identifies uniqueness and commonality as key characteristics. Study 3 is an additional experiment in the field that tests these characteristics and shows that products with those characteristics are better conversation starters than the weather. Overall, these studies show novel social benefits to talking about products and generate new ideas about how talking about products can help consumers meet new people, smooth awkward social situations, and build relationships.}, Doi = {10.1002/jcpy.1387}, Key = {fds372840} } %% Chartrand, Tanya L. @article{fds369097, Author = {Brick, DJ and Wight, KG and Bettman, JR and Chartrand, TL and Fitzsimons, GJ}, Title = {Celebrate Good Times: How Celebrations Increase Perceived Social Support}, Journal = {Journal of Public Policy and Marketing}, Volume = {42}, Number = {2}, Pages = {115-132}, Year = {2023}, Month = {April}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07439156221145696}, Abstract = {Despite the ubiquity of celebrations in everyday life, little is known about how celebrations may contribute to consumer well-being. In the current work, the authors propose that celebrations promote perceived social support, which prior work has conceptualized as the belief that others will be there for you for future negative life events. The authors further theorize that celebrations require three key characteristics that, in combination, are necessary for increasing perceived social support. Specifically, celebrations must (1) mark an individual's separate positive event and (2) involve consumption (3) with others (i.e., social). They test this theory across eight studies and demonstrate a process mechanism for this effect: these characteristics lead to increases in enacted support and perceived responsiveness, which in turn lead to increases in more general perceived social support. They then extend these findings by investigating virtually held celebrations, the individual's role at the celebration, and a downstream prosocial outcome. By doing so, this work highlights the broader benefits of celebrations beyond the focal individual and the immediate experience. Finally, specific policy implications and suggestions for enhancing consumer well-being are provided.}, Doi = {10.1177/07439156221145696}, Key = {fds369097} } %% Fitzsimons, Gavan J. @article{fds374928, Author = {Abakoumkin, G and Tseliou, E and McCabe, KO and Lemay, EP and Stroebe, W and Agostini, M and Bélanger, JJ and Gützkow, B and Kreienkamp, J and Kutlaca, M and VanDellen, MR and Abdul Khaiyom and JH and Ahmedi, V and Akkas, H and Almenara, CA and Atta, M and Bagci, SC and Basel, S and Berisha Kida and E and Bernardo, ABI and Buttrick, NR and Chobthamkit, P and Choi, HS and Cristea, M and Csaba, S and Damnjanovic, K and Danyliuk, I and Di Santo and D and Douglas, KM and Enea, V and Faller, DG and Fitzsimons, G and Gheorghiu, A and Gómez, Á and Grzymala-Moszczynska, J and Hamaidia, A and Han, Q and Helmy, M and Hudiyana, J and Jeronimus, BF and Jiang, DY and Jovanović, V and Kamenov, Ž and Kende, A and Keng, SL and Kieu, TTT and Koc, Y and Kovyazina, K and Kozytska, I and Krause, J and Kruglanski, AW and Kurapov, A and Lantos, NA and Lesmana, CBJ and Louis, WR and Lueders, A and Malik, NI and Martinez, A and Mehulić, J and Milla, MN and Mohammed, I and Molinario, E and Moyano, M and Muhammad, H and Mula, S and Muluk, H and Myroniuk, S and Najafi, R and Nisa, CF and Nyúl, B and O’Keefe, PA and Olivas Osuna and JJ and Osin, EN and Park, J and Pica, G and Pierro, A and Rees, J and Reitsema, AM and Resta, E and Rullo, M and Ryan, MK and Samekin, A and Santtila, P and Sasin, E and Schumpe, BM and Selim, HA and Stanton, MV and Sultana, S and Sutton, RM and Utsugi, A and van Breen, JA and Van Lissa and CJ and Van Veen and K and Vázquez, A and Wollast, R and Yeung, VWL and Zand, S and Žeželj, IL and Zheng, B and Zick, A}, Title = {Conceptual replication and extension of health behavior theories' predictions in the context of COVID-19: Evidence across countries and over time}, Journal = {Social and Personality Psychology Compass}, Volume = {18}, Number = {2}, Year = {2024}, Month = {February}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12909}, Abstract = {Virus mitigation behavior has been and still is a powerful means to fight the COVID-19 pandemic irrespective of the availability of pharmaceutical means (e.g., vaccines). We drew on health behavior theories to predict health-protective (coping-specific) responses and hope (coping non-specific response) from health-related cognitions (vulnerability, severity, self-assessed knowledge, efficacy). In an extension of this model, we proposed orientation to internal (problem-focused coping) and external (country capability) coping resources as antecedents of health protection and hope; health-related cognitions were assumed as mediators of this link. We tested these predictions in a large multi-national multi-wave study with a cross-sectional panel at T1 (Baseline, March-April 2020; N = 57,631 in 113 countries) and a panel subsample at two later time points, T2 (November 2020; N = 3097) and T3 (April 2021; N = 2628). Multilevel models showed that health-related cognitions predicted health-protective responses and hope. Problem-focused coping was mainly linked to health-protective behaviors (T1-T3), whereas country capability was mainly linked to hope (T1-T3). These relationships were partially mediated by health-related cognitions. We conceptually replicated predictions of health behavior theories within a real health threat, further suggesting how different coping resources are associated with qualitatively distinct outcomes. Both patterns were consistent across countries and time.}, Doi = {10.1111/spc3.12909}, Key = {fds374928} } @article{fds376115, Author = {Wu, F and Samper, A and Morales, AC and Fitzsimons, GJ}, Title = {When do photos on products hurt or help consumption? How magical thinking shapes consumer reactions to photo-integrated products}, Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology}, Year = {2024}, Month = {January}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1415}, Abstract = {Consumers and companies frequently integrate products with lifelike photographs of people, animals, and other entities. However, consumer responses to such products are relatively unknown. Drawing on magical thinking and moral psychology, we propose that, due to a photograph's lifelike resemblance to its referent, consumers believe that photo-integrated products embody the depicted entity's underlying essence. As such, in cases where consumption compromises the product's integrity (e.g., food, disposable goods), people are less likely to consume photo-integrated products because doing so is perceived as destroying the depicted entity's essence, which elicits moral discomfort. In contrast, when the photographic image remains intact through consumption, as is the case with durable goods (e.g., magnets), people increase consumption of photo-integrated products relative to products without photo integration, consistent with their popularity in the marketplace. We highlight two strategies to promote more positive outcomes for managers and consumers alike: (1) choose images of entities whose essence destruction is perceived as less immoral, and (2) increase the durability of the product so the depicted entity's essence is preserved through consumption.}, Doi = {10.1002/jcpy.1415}, Key = {fds376115} } @article{fds370294, Author = {Westgate, EC and Buttrick, NR and Lin, Y and El Helou and G and Agostini, M and Bélanger, JJ and Gützkow, B and Kreienkamp, J and Abakoumkin, G and Abdul Khaiyom and JH and Ahmedi, V and Akkas, H and Almenara, CA and Atta, M and Bagci, SC and Basel, S and Berisha Kida and E and Bernardo, ABI and Chobthamkit, P and Choi, H-S and Cristea, M and Csaba, S and Damnjanovic, K and Danyliuk, I and Dash, A and Di Santo and D and Douglas, KM and Enea, V and Faller, DG and Fitzsimons, G and Gheorghiu, A and Gómez, Á and Hamaidia, A and Han, Q and Helmy, M and Hudiyana, J and Jeronimus, BF and Jiang, D-Y and Jovanović, V and Kamenov, Ž and Kende, A and Keng, S-L and Kieu, TTT and Koc, Y and Kovyazina, K and Kozytska, I and Krause, J and Kruglanski, AW and Kurapov, A and Kutlaca, M and Lantos, NA and Lemay, EP and Lesmana, CBJ and Louis, WR and Lueders, A and Maj, M and Malik, NI and Martinez, A and McCabe, KO and Mehulić, J and Milla, MN and Mohammed, I and Molinario, E and Moyano, M and Muhammad, H and Mula, S and Muluk, H and Myroniuk, S and Najafi, R and Nisa, CF and Nyúl, B and O'Keefe, PA and Olivas Osuna and JJ and Osin, EN and Park, J and Pica, G and Pierro, A and Rees, J and Reitsema, AM and Resta, E and Rullo, M and Ryan, MK and Samekin, A and Santtila, P and Sasin, E and Schumpe, BM and Selim, HA and Stanton, MV and Stroebe, W and Sutton, RM and Tseliou, E and Utsugi, A and van Breen, JA and Van Lissa and CJ and Van Veen and K and vanDellen, MR and Vázquez, A and Wollast, R and Et Al}, Title = {Pandemic boredom: Little evidence that lockdown-related boredom affects risky public health behaviors across 116 countries.}, Journal = {Emotion (Washington, D.C.)}, Volume = {23}, Number = {8}, Pages = {2370-2384}, Year = {2023}, Month = {December}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/emo0001118}, Abstract = {Some public officials have expressed concern that policies mandating collective public health behaviors (e.g., national/regional "lockdown") may result in behavioral fatigue that ultimately renders such policies ineffective. Boredom, specifically, has been singled out as one potential risk factor for noncompliance. We examined whether there was empirical evidence to support this concern during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large cross-national sample of 63,336 community respondents from 116 countries. Although boredom was higher in countries with more COVID-19 cases and in countries that instituted more stringent lockdowns, such boredom did not predict longitudinal within-person decreases in social distancing behavior (or vice versa; <i>n</i> = 8,031) in early spring and summer of 2020. Overall, we found little evidence that changes in boredom predict individual public health behaviors (handwashing, staying home, self-quarantining, and avoiding crowds) over time, or that such behaviors had any reliable longitudinal effects on boredom itself. In summary, contrary to concerns, we found little evidence that boredom posed a public health risk during lockdown and quarantine. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).}, Doi = {10.1037/emo0001118}, Key = {fds370294} } @article{fds371674, Author = {Douglas, KM and Sutton, RM and Van Lissa and CJ and Stroebe, W and Kreienkamp, J and Agostini, M and Bélanger, JJ and Gützkow, B and Abakoumkin, G and Khaiyom, JHA and Ahmedi, V and Akkas, H and Almenara, CA and Atta, M and Bagci, SC and Basel, S and Berisha Kida and E and Bernardo, ABI and Buttrick, NR and Chobthamkit, P and Choi, HS and Cristea, M and Csaba, S and Damnjanovic, K and Danyliuk, I and Dash, A and Di Santo and D and Enea, V and Faller, DG and Fitzsimons, G and Gheorghiu, A and Gómez, Á and Hamaidia, A and Han, Q and Helmy, M and Hudiyana, J and Jeronimus, BF and Yu Jiang and D and Jovanović, V and Kamenov, Ž and Kende, A and Keng, SL and Kieu, TTT and Koc, Y and Kovyazina, K and Kozytska, I and Krause, J and Kruglanski, AW and Kurapov, A and Kutlaca, M and Lantos, NA and Lemay, EP and Lesmana, CBJ and Louis, WR and Lueders, A and Malik, NI and Martinez, A and McCabe, KO and Mehulić, J and Milla, MN and Mohammed, I and Molinario, E and Moyano, M and Muhammad, H and Mula, S and Muluk, H and Myroniuk, S and Najafi, R and Nisa, CF and Nyúl, B and O'Keefe, PA and Olivas Osuna and JJ and Osin, EN and Park, J and Pica, G and Pierro, A and Rees, J and Reitsema, AM and Resta, E and Rullo, M and Ryan, MK and Samekin, A and Santtila, P and Sasin, E and Schumpe, BM and Selim, HA and Stanton, MV and Sultana, S and Tseliou, E and Utsugi, A and van Breen, JA and Van Veen and K and vanDellen, MR and Vázquez, A and Wollast, R and Yeung, VWL and Zand, S and Žeželj, IL and Zheng, B and Zick, A}, Title = {Identifying important individual- and country-level predictors of conspiracy theorizing: A machine learning analysis}, Journal = {European Journal of Social Psychology}, Volume = {53}, Number = {6}, Pages = {1191-1203}, Year = {2023}, Month = {October}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2968}, Abstract = {Psychological research on the predictors of conspiracy theorizing—explaining important social and political events or circumstances as secret plots by malevolent groups—has flourished in recent years. However, research has typically examined only a small number of predictors in one, or a small number of, national contexts. Such approaches make it difficult to examine the relative importance of predictors, and risk overlooking some potentially relevant variables altogether. To overcome this limitation, the present study used machine learning to rank-order the importance of 115 individual- and country-level variables in predicting conspiracy theorizing. Data were collected from 56,072 respondents across 28 countries during the early weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic. Echoing previous findings, important predictors at the individual level included societal discontent, paranoia, and personal struggle. Contrary to prior research, important country-level predictors included indicators of political stability and effective government COVID response, which suggests that conspiracy theorizing may thrive in relatively well-functioning democracies.}, Doi = {10.1002/ejsp.2968}, Key = {fds371674} } @article{fds370648, Author = {Dias, RS and Spiller, SA and Fitzsimons, GJ}, Title = {Understanding effect sizes in consumer psychology}, Journal = {Marketing Letters}, Volume = {34}, Number = {3}, Pages = {367-374}, Year = {2023}, Month = {September}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11002-023-09680-9}, Abstract = {Over the past decade, behavioral scientists have learned that many findings in the field may not replicate, leading to calls for change in how behavioral research is conducted. Krefeld-Schwalb and Scheibehenne (2023) examine changes in the methodological practices in consumer research between 2008 and 2020. They find that sample sizes have increased and that effect sizes have decreased. In this article, we take these findings as a starting point and reflect on how we can further improve methodological practices in the field. We argue that in order to build a more replicable, rigorous field, we must place effect sizes at the center of scientific reasoning. Specifically, we make four claims about effect sizes that we hope will help consumer researchers plan, conduct, and interpret their research: (1) effect sizes in consumer psychology are small, and that is a natural consequence of the field’s maturity; (2) effect sizes need to be contextualized; (3) our samples are still too small to detect the small effects of modern empirical consumer research; and (4) larger samples do not inherently generate smaller effects. It is our hope that the current article increases the field’s understanding about effect sizes and motivates researchers to place effect sizes at the center of their scientific reasoning. By thinking carefully about effect sizes, we believe we can collectively improve methodological practices and confidence in the findings of consumer psychology.}, Doi = {10.1007/s11002-023-09680-9}, Key = {fds370648} } @article{fds362118, Author = {Enea, V and Eisenbeck, N and Carreno, DF and Douglas, KM and Sutton, RM and Agostini, M and Bélanger, JJ and Gützkow, B and Kreienkamp, J and Abakoumkin, G and Abdul Khaiyom and JH and Ahmedi, V and Akkas, H and Almenara, CA and Atta, M and Bagci, SC and Basel, S and Berisha Kida and E and Bernardo, ABI and Buttrick, NR and Chobthamkit, P and Choi, H-S and Cristea, M and Csaba, S and Damnjanovic, K and Danyliuk, I and Dash, A and Di Santo and D and Faller, DG and Fitzsimons, G and Gheorghiu, A and Gómez, Á and Grzymala-Moszczynska, J and Hamaidia, A and Han, Q and Helmy, M and Hudiyana, J and Jeronimus, BF and Jiang, D-Y and Jovanović, V and Kamenov, Ž and Kende, A and Keng, S-L and Kieu, TTT and Koc, Y and Kovyazina, K and Kozytska, I and Krause, J and Kruglanski, AW and Kurapov, A and Kutlaca, M and Lantos, NA and Lemay, EP and Lesmana, CBJ and Louis, WR and Lueders, A and Malik, NI and Martinez, A and McCabe, KO and Mehulić, J and Milla, MN and Mohammed, I and Molinario, E and Moyano, M and Muhammad, H and Mula, S and Muluk, H and Myroniuk, S and Najafi, R and Nisa, CF and Nyúl, B and O'Keefe, PA and Osuna, JJO and Osin, EN and Park, J and Pica, G and Pierro, A and Rees, J and Reitsema, AM and Resta, E and Rullo, M and Ryan, MK and Samekin, A and Santtila, P and Sasin, E and Schumpe, BM and Selim, HA and Stanton, MV and Sultana, S and Tseliou, E and Utsugi, A and van Breen, JA and Van Lissa and CJ and Van Veen, K and vanDellen, MR and Vázquez, A and Wollast, R and Yeung, VW-L and Zand, S and Žeželj, IL and Zheng, B and Zick, A and Zúñiga, C and Leander, NP}, Title = {Intentions to be Vaccinated Against COVID-19: The Role of Prosociality and Conspiracy Beliefs across 20 Countries.}, Journal = {Health communication}, Volume = {38}, Number = {8}, Pages = {1530-1539}, Year = {2023}, Month = {July}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2021.2018179}, Abstract = {Understanding the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake is important to inform policy decisions and plan vaccination campaigns. The aims of this research were to: (1) explore the individual- and country-level determinants of intentions to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, and (2) examine worldwide variation in vaccination intentions. This cross-sectional online survey was conducted during the first wave of the pandemic, involving 6697 respondents across 20 countries. Results showed that 72.9% of participants reported positive intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19, whereas 16.8% were undecided, and 10.3% reported they would not be vaccinated. At the individual level, prosociality was a significant positive predictor of vaccination intentions, whereas generic beliefs in conspiracy theories and religiosity were negative predictors. Country-level determinants, including cultural dimensions of individualism/collectivism and power distance, were not significant predictors of vaccination intentions. Altogether, this study identifies individual-level predictors that are common across multiple countries, provides further evidence on the importance of combating conspiracy theories, involving religious institutions in vaccination campaigns, and stimulating prosocial motives to encourage vaccine uptake.}, Doi = {10.1080/10410236.2021.2018179}, Key = {fds362118} } @article{fds364191, Author = {Brick, DJ and Wight, KG and Fitzsimons, GJ}, Title = {Secret consumer behaviors in close relationships}, Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology}, Volume = {33}, Number = {2}, Pages = {403-411}, Year = {2023}, Month = {April}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1315}, Abstract = {Although close relationships are often characterized by openness and disclosure, in the present research, we propose that there are times when individuals choose not to tell close others about their consumer behavior, keeping it a secret. For example, one partner may eat a candy bar on the way home from work, hide a package that was delivered to the house, or hire a cleaning service and not tell the other partner. We theorize that this type of consumer behavior is both common and mundane. That is, the consumption itself is minor—and has likely been done with the partner's knowledge in the past—but is being intentionally kept from the partner. We further investigate whether such behavior has downstream effects on the relationship, despite its mundaneness. Five studies support our conceptualization of secret consumer behaviors in close relationships and illustrate one consequence: guilt from secret consumption leads to greater relationship investment. This research explores a common, yet understudied, area of consumer behavior and highlights areas for future research. Thus, we contribute to the literature by being the first work to examine emotional, behavioral, and relational aspects of secret consumer behavior.}, Doi = {10.1002/jcpy.1315}, Key = {fds364191} } @article{fds369098, Author = {Brick, DJ and Wight, KG and Bettman, JR and Chartrand, TL and Fitzsimons, GJ}, Title = {Celebrate Good Times: How Celebrations Increase Perceived Social Support}, Journal = {Journal of Public Policy and Marketing}, Volume = {42}, Number = {2}, Pages = {115-132}, Year = {2023}, Month = {April}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07439156221145696}, Abstract = {Despite the ubiquity of celebrations in everyday life, little is known about how celebrations may contribute to consumer well-being. In the current work, the authors propose that celebrations promote perceived social support, which prior work has conceptualized as the belief that others will be there for you for future negative life events. The authors further theorize that celebrations require three key characteristics that, in combination, are necessary for increasing perceived social support. Specifically, celebrations must (1) mark an individual's separate positive event and (2) involve consumption (3) with others (i.e., social). They test this theory across eight studies and demonstrate a process mechanism for this effect: these characteristics lead to increases in enacted support and perceived responsiveness, which in turn lead to increases in more general perceived social support. They then extend these findings by investigating virtually held celebrations, the individual's role at the celebration, and a downstream prosocial outcome. By doing so, this work highlights the broader benefits of celebrations beyond the focal individual and the immediate experience. Finally, specific policy implications and suggestions for enhancing consumer well-being are provided.}, Doi = {10.1177/07439156221145696}, Key = {fds369098} } @article{fds363803, Author = {Howe, HS and Zhou, L and Dias, RS and Fitzsimons, GJ}, Title = {Aha over Haha: Brands benefit more from being clever than from being funny}, Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology}, Volume = {33}, Number = {1}, Pages = {107-114}, Year = {2023}, Month = {January}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1307}, Abstract = {We examine whether the cleverness of a brand's humor attempt affects consumers' brand attitudes and engagement. A clever humor attempt is any humor attempt wherein the consumer feels she must make mental connections to solve the joke (e.g., understand a cultural reference, understand the dual meaning of a pun). Across five studies, we demonstrate that as the cleverness of a humor attempt increases, consumers report higher brand attitudes and are more engaged with the brand. This effect is mediated by perceptions of brand warmth and competence and moderated by consumers' need for cognition.}, Doi = {10.1002/jcpy.1307}, Key = {fds363803} } @article{fds371304, Author = {Han, Q and Zheng, B and Cristea, M and Agostini, M and Bélanger, JJ and Gützkow, B and Kreienkamp, J and PsyCorona Collaboration, and Leander, NP}, Title = {Trust in government regarding COVID-19 and its associations with preventive health behaviour and prosocial behaviour during the pandemic: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.}, Journal = {Psychological medicine}, Volume = {53}, Number = {1}, Pages = {149-159}, Year = {2023}, Month = {January}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291721001306}, Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>The effective implementation of government policies and measures for controlling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic requires compliance from the public. This study aimed to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of trust in government regarding COVID-19 control with the adoption of recommended health behaviours and prosocial behaviours, and potential determinants of trust in government during the pandemic.<h4>Methods</h4>This study analysed data from the PsyCorona Survey, an international project on COVID-19 that included 23 733 participants from 23 countries (representative in age and gender distributions by country) at baseline survey and 7785 participants who also completed follow-up surveys. Specification curve analysis was used to examine concurrent associations between trust in government and self-reported behaviours. We further used structural equation model to explore potential determinants of trust in government. Multilevel linear regressions were used to examine associations between baseline trust and longitudinal behavioural changes.<h4>Results</h4>Higher trust in government regarding COVID-19 control was significantly associated with higher adoption of health behaviours (handwashing, avoiding crowded space, self-quarantine) and prosocial behaviours in specification curve analyses (median standardised <i>β</i> = 0.173 and 0.229, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Government perceived as well organised, disseminating clear messages and knowledge on COVID-19, and perceived fairness were positively associated with trust in government (standardised <i>β</i> = 0.358, 0.230, 0.056, and 0.249, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Higher trust at baseline survey was significantly associated with lower rate of decline in health behaviours over time (<i>p</i> for interaction = 0.001).<h4>Conclusions</h4>These results highlighted the importance of trust in government in the control of COVID-19.}, Doi = {10.1017/s0033291721001306}, Key = {fds371304} } @article{fds372793, Author = {Wight, KG and Liu, PJ and Zhou, L and Fitzsimons, GJ}, Title = {Sharing Food Can Backfire: When Healthy Choices for Children Lead Parents to Make Unhealthy Choices for Themselves}, Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research}, Year = {2023}, Month = {January}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00222437231184830}, Abstract = {Many consumers are caregivers and, as part of caregiving, frequently make food choices for their dependents. This research examines how food choices made for children influence the healthiness of parents’ subsequent self-choices. Whereas prior work focuses on choices for the self (others) as based on self-needs (other-needs), the authors theorize when and why self-choices involve consideration of other-needs. Five studies, including a nursery school field study, test the effect of choosing healthy food for a child on the healthiness of parents’ self-choices, focusing on the role of anticipating potentially sharing self-choices with one's child. Potential sharing increased parents’ likelihood of making an unhealthy subsequent self-choice if they first made a healthy choice for their child. This effect was driven by parents’ present-focused parenting concerns about whether one's child would eat and enjoy healthy options chosen for them. This effect was mitigated when parents instead had future-focused parenting concerns. Additionally, this effect was mitigated after making an initial choice for the child that was (1) unhealthy or (2) healthy but relatively liked by the child. This research contributes to understanding how choices for others shape choices for the self and offers important marketing and policy implications.}, Doi = {10.1177/00222437231184830}, Key = {fds372793} } %% Ubel, Peter A @article{fds374446, Author = {Khouri, A and Stephens, MJ and Young, J and Galyean, P and Knettel, BA and Cherenack, EM and Zickmund, S and Watt, MH and Bartlett, J and Pollak, KI and Ubel, PA and Fagerlin, A and Suneja, G}, Title = {Cancer Treatment Decision-Making for People Living With HIV: Physician-Reported Barriers, Facilitators, and Recommendations.}, Journal = {J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr}, Volume = {94}, Number = {5}, Pages = {482-489}, Year = {2023}, Month = {December}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000003300}, Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Compared with the general cancer population, people living with HIV (PLWH) and cancer are less likely to receive treatment and have significantly elevated cancer-specific mortality for many common cancer types. Physician recommendations drive the cancer therapy that patients receive, yet there is limited information assessing how cancer treatment decisions are made for people living with HIV and cancer. We sought to understand oncologist decision-making in PLWH and cancer by eliciting barriers, facilitators, and recommendations for enhancing care delivery. SETTING: Participants were recruited between May 2019 and May 2021 from one academic medical center in the western United States (n = 13), another in the southeastern United States (n = 7), and community practices nationwide (n = 5). METHODS: Using an inductive qualitative approach, we conducted in-depth interviews with 25 oncologists from two academic medical centers and community practices. RESULTS: Facilitators of cancer care delivery included readily available information regarding HIV status and stage, interdepartmental communication, and antiviral therapy adherence. Barriers included a lack of formal education on HIV malignancies, perceptions of decreased life expectancy, fear of inadvertent disclosure, and drug-drug interactions. Recommendations included improved provider communication, patient social and mental health resources, and continuing education opportunities. CONCLUSION: The study revealed drivers of cancer treatment decision-making, highlighting physician-reported barriers and facilitators, and recommendations to support treatment decision-making. This is the first known study examining oncologists' perceptions of caring for PLWH. Given that cancer is a leading cause of death among PLWH, there is an urgent need to improve care and outcomes.}, Doi = {10.1097/QAI.0000000000003300}, Key = {fds374446} } @article{fds369309, Author = {Makara, A and Howe, H and Cooper, M and Heckert, K and Weiss, S and Kellom, K and Scharf, D and Ubel, P and Orloff, N and Timko, CA}, Title = {Modifying an Open Science Online Grocery for parents of youth with anorexia nervosa: A proof-of-concept study.}, Journal = {The International journal of eating disorders}, Volume = {56}, Number = {5}, Pages = {1011-1020}, Year = {2023}, Month = {May}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eat.23902}, Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>For youth with anorexia nervosa (AN), remission requires high caloric goals to achieve weight restoration, consumption of a wide variety of calorically dense foods, and reintroduction of eliminated foods. Family-based treatment (FBT), the gold-standard treatment for youth with AN, empowers parents to renourish their child and restore them to health; yet, parents often report struggling with shifting meal planning and grocery shopping behaviors to focus on nutritional rehabilitation and weight restoration.<h4>Methods</h4>This proof-of-concept study aimed to modify a simulated grocery store (Open Science Online Grocery [OSOG]) for parents of youth with AN and explore the acceptability and feasibility of its use as part of standard care. Study staff collaborated with six parent research partners to modify the OSOG prior to piloting it with participants. Participants were 10 parents of youth undergoing a first-time hospitalization for medical stabilization of AN or atypical AN. Parents completed a battery of measures and a semistructured interview assessing the acceptability and feasibility of OSOG.<h4>Results</h4>Parents described the tool as credible and acceptable. Qualitative feedback highlighted common themes of caregiver burden, nutrition education, and acceptability of the tool.<h4>Discussion</h4>Results point to the need for more work in supporting parents in Phase I of FBT.<h4>Public significance</h4>Families are instrumental in supporting youth to recover from anorexia nervosa. During treatment, parents are charged with selecting and serving their adolescent's meals, often requiring them to change grocery shopping and food preparation habits to meet their child's high caloric needs. Parents reported feeling overwhelmed by this task and noted struggling with learning different approaches to nourish their adolescent during an already stressful time. Collaboratively with parents, we modified a tool to support parents in shifting thier shopping habits, which they reported as being a helpful springboard in the early phase of treatment.}, Doi = {10.1002/eat.23902}, Key = {fds369309} } @article{fds369928, Author = {Henry, V and Stephens, MJ and Galyean, P and Young, J and Zickmund, S and Knettel, BA and Bartlett, J and Watt, MH and Pollak, KI and Ubel, PA and Fagerlin, A and Suneja, G}, Title = {Improving Cancer Care for People Living With HIV: A Qualitative Study of Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice.}, Journal = {Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys}, Volume = {116}, Number = {1}, Pages = {60-67}, Year = {2023}, Month = {May}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.01.045}, Abstract = {PURPOSE: Cancer is now the leading cause of non-AIDS death in the US population with HIV. People living with HIV (PLWH) are known to have lower cancer treatment rates and worse cancer outcomes. Disparate cancer treatment is driven by health system, patient, and clinician factors. Little attention has been given to the factors oncologists consider when making cancer treatment recommendations to PLWH. This study sought to examine oncologists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices that influence cancer treatment decision-making. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This study used qualitative methods to explore oncologists' treatment decision-making processes for PLWH and cancer. The sample included 25 radiation, medical, and surgical oncologists from 2 academic centers and 5 community practices. The interview domains were developed from the Andersen Healthcare Utilization Model, the Health Belief Model, and the PEN-3 Model, as well as our prior survey research. RESULTS: This study describes elements of cancer treatment decision-making for PLWH. Oncologists highlighted the need for formal HIV education to support cancer treatment. One main concern with patient-provider interactions pertained to maintaining patient confidentiality during clinical encounters. Lastly, the importance of multidisciplinary care among health care providers allowed oncologists to facilitate both cancer care and logistical support. CONCLUSIONS: As cancer becomes an increasingly common cause of death among PLWH, it is critical to understand the drivers of the observed disparities in cancer treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first qualitative study to describe oncologists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward patients who have a comorbid diagnosis of HIV and cancer. Several themes for future interventions emerge, including HIV training for cancer care providers, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, enhancing HIV education for oncology learners and clinicians, and minimizing implicit bias.}, Doi = {10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.01.045}, Key = {fds369928} } @article{fds370177, Author = {Sloan, CE and Ubel, PA}, Title = {Patients want to talk about their out-of-pocket costs-Can real-time benefit tools help?}, Journal = {J Am Geriatr Soc}, Volume = {71}, Number = {5}, Pages = {1365-1368}, Year = {2023}, Month = {May}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.18342}, Doi = {10.1111/jgs.18342}, Key = {fds370177} } @article{fds370334, Author = {Kaye, DR and Lee, H-J and Gordee, A and George, DJ and Ubel, PA and Scales, CD and Bundorf, MK}, Title = {Medication Payments by Insurers and Patients for the Treatment of Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer.}, Journal = {JCO Oncol Pract}, Volume = {19}, Number = {4}, Pages = {e600-e617}, Year = {2023}, Month = {April}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/OP.22.00645}, Abstract = {PURPOSE: The implications of high prices for cancer drugs on health care costs and patients' financial burdens are a growing concern. Patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are often candidates for multiple first-line systemic therapies with similar impacts on life expectancy. However, little is known about the gross and out-of-pocket (OOP) payments associated with each of these drugs for patients with employer-sponsored health insurance. We therefore aimed to determine the gross and OOP payments of first-line drugs for mCRPC and how the payments vary across drugs. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 4,298 patients with prostate cancer who initiated therapy with one of six drugs approved for first-line treatment of mCRPC between July 1, 2013, and June 30, 2019. We compared gross and OOP payments during the 6 months after initiation of treatment for mCRPC using private payer claims data across patients using different first-line drugs. RESULTS: Gross payments varied across drugs. Over the 6 months after the index prescription, mean unadjusted gross drug payments were highest for patients receiving sipuleucel-T ($115,525 USD) and lowest for patients using docetaxel ($12,804 USD). OOP payments were lower than gross drug payments; mean 6-month OOP payments were highest for cabazitaxel ($1,044 USD) and lowest for docetaxel ($296 USD). There was a wide distribution of OOP payments within drug types. CONCLUSION: Drugs for mCRPC are expensive with large differences in payments by drug type. OOP payments among patients with employer-sponsored health insurance are much lower than gross drug payments, and they vary both across and within first-line drug types, with some patients making very high OOP payments. Although lowering drug prices would reduce pharmaceutical spending for patients with mCRPC, decreasing patient financial burden requires understanding an individual patient's benefit design.}, Doi = {10.1200/OP.22.00645}, Key = {fds370334} } @article{fds370353, Author = {Rao, BR and Akrobetu, DJ and Dickert, NW and Nguyen, T-V and Davis, JK and Campagna, A and Mitchell, AR and Sharma, A and Speight, CD and Barks, MC and Farley, S and Gutterman, S and Santanam, T and Ubel, PA}, Title = {Deciding Whether to Take Sacubitril/Valsartan: How Cardiologists and Patients Discuss Out-of-Pocket Costs.}, Journal = {Journal of the American Heart Association}, Volume = {12}, Number = {7}, Pages = {e028278}, Year = {2023}, Month = {April}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/jaha.122.028278}, Abstract = {Background Out-of-pocket costs have significant implications for patients with heart failure and should ideally be incorporated into shared decision-making for clinical care. High out-of-pocket cost is one potential reason for the slow uptake of newer guideline-directed medical therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. This study aims to characterize patient-cardiologist discussions involving out-of-pocket costs associated with sacubitril/valsartan during the early postapproval period. Methods and Results We conducted content analysis on 222 deidentified transcripts of audio-recorded outpatient encounters taking place between 2015 and 2018 in which cardiologists (n=16) and their patients discussed whether to initiate, continue, or discontinue sacubitril/valsartan. In the 222 included encounters, 100 (45%) contained discussions about cost. Cost was discussed in a variety of contexts: when sacubitril/valsartan was initiated, not initiated, continued, and discontinued. Of the 97 cost conversations analyzed, the majority involved isolated discussions about insurance coverage (64/97 encounters; 66%) and few addressed specific out-of-pocket costs or affordability (28/97 encounters; 29%). Discussion of free samples of sacubitril/valsartan was common (52/97 encounters; 54%), often with no discussion of a longer-term plan for addressing cost. Conclusions Although cost conversations were somewhat common in patient-cardiologist encounters in which sacubitril/valsartan was discussed, these conversations were generally superficial, rarely addressing affordability or cost-value judgments. Cardiologists frequently provided patients with a course of free sacubitril/valsartan samples without a plan to address the cost after the samples ran out.}, Doi = {10.1161/jaha.122.028278}, Key = {fds370353} } @article{fds368032, Author = {Chettri, SR and Pignone, MP and Deal, AM and Sepucha, KR and Blizard, LB and Huh, R and Liu, Y-J and Ubel, PA and Lee, CN}, Title = {Patient-Reported Outcomes of Breast Reconstruction: Does the Quality of Decisions Matter?}, Journal = {Ann Surg Oncol}, Volume = {30}, Number = {3}, Pages = {1891-1900}, Year = {2023}, Month = {March}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1245/s10434-022-12785-6}, Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Little is known about how the quality of decisions influences patient-reported outcomes (PROs). We hypothesized that higher decision quality for breast reconstruction would be independently associated with better PROs. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients undergoing mastectomy with or without reconstruction. Patients were enrolled before surgery and followed for 18 months. We used BREAST-Q scales to measure PROs and linear regression models to explore the relationship between decision quality (based on knowledge and preference concordance) and PROs. Final models were adjusted for baseline BREAST-Q score, radiation, chemotherapy, and major complications. RESULTS: The cohort included 101 patients who completed baseline and 18-month surveys. Breast reconstruction was independently associated with higher satisfaction with breasts (β = 20.2, p = 0.0002), psychosocial well-being (β = 14.4, p = 0.006), and sexual well-being (β = 15.7, p = 0.007), but not physical well-being. Patients who made a high-quality decision had similar PROs as patients who did not. Among patients undergoing mastectomy with reconstruction, higher decision quality was associated with lower psychosocial well-being (β = -14.2, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Breast reconstruction was associated with better PROs in some but not all domains. Overall, making a high-quality decision was not associated with better PROs. However, patients who did not have reconstruction had a trend toward better well-being after making a high-quality decision, whereas patients who did have reconstruction had poorer well-being after making a high-quality decision. Additional research on the relationship between decision quality and PROs is needed.}, Doi = {10.1245/s10434-022-12785-6}, Key = {fds368032} } @article{fds369666, Author = {Lemmon, ME and Barks, MC and Bansal, S and Bernstein, S and Kaye, EC and Glass, HC and Ubel, PA and Brandon, D and Pollak, KI}, Title = {The ALIGN Framework: A Parent-Informed Approach to Prognostic Communication for Infants With Neurologic Conditions.}, Journal = {Neurology}, Volume = {100}, Number = {8}, Pages = {e800-e807}, Year = {2023}, Month = {February}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000201600}, Abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Clinicians often communicate complex, uncertain, and distressing information about neurologic prognosis to parents of critically ill infants. Although communication tools have been developed in other disciplines and settings, none address the unique needs of the neonatal and pediatric neurology context. We aimed to develop a parent-informed framework to guide clinicians in communicating information about neurologic prognosis. METHODS: Parents of infants with neurologic conditions in the intensive care unit were enrolled in a longitudinal study of shared decision-making from 2018 to 2020. Parents completed semistructured interviews following recorded family meetings with the health care team, at hospital discharge, and 6 months after discharge. All interviews targeted information about parent preferences for prognostic disclosure. We analyzed the data using a conventional content analysis approach. Two study team members independently coded all interview transcripts, and discrepancies were resolved in consensus. We used NVIVO 12 qualitative software to index and organize codes. RESULTS: Fifty-two parents of 37 infants completed 123 interviews. Parents were predominantly mothers (n = 37/52, 71%) with a median age of 31 (range 19-46) years. Half were Black (n = 26/52, 50%), and a minority reported Hispanic ethnicity (n = 2/52, 4%). Inductive analysis resulted in the emergence of 5 phases of prognostic communication (Approach, Learn, Inform, Give support, and Next steps: ALIGN): (1) Approach: parents appreciated receiving consistent information about their child's neurologic outcome from clinicians who knew their child well. (2) Learn: parents valued when clinicians asked them how they preferred receiving information and what they already knew about their child's outcome prior to information delivery. (3) Inform: parents valued honest, thorough, and balanced information that disclosed prognostic uncertainty and acknowledged room for hope. (4) Give support: parents valued empathic communication and appreciated clinicians who offered real-time emotional support. (5) Next steps: parents appreciated clinicians who connected them to resources, including peer support. DISCUSSION: The ALIGN framework offers a novel, parent-informed strategy to effectively communicate neurologic prognosis. Although ALIGN represents key elements of a conversation about prognosis, each clinician can adapt this framework to their own approach. Future work will assess the effectiveness of this framework on communication quality and prognostic understanding.}, Doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000201600}, Key = {fds369666} } @article{fds371097, Author = {Mitchell, T and Abdelgadir, J and Oshotse, C and Ubel, PA and Williamson, T}, Title = {Definitely, Maybe: Helping Patients Make Decisions about Surgery When Prognosis Is Uncertain.}, Journal = {The Journal of clinical ethics}, Volume = {34}, Number = {2}, Pages = {169-174}, Year = {2023}, Month = {January}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/724770}, Abstract = {AbstractThe sudden onset of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is an event suffered by millions of individuals each year. Regardless of this frequency in occurrence, accurate prognostication remains difficult to achieve among physicians. There are many variables that affect this prognosis. Physicians are expected to assess the clinical indications of the brain injury while considering other factors such as patient quality of life, patient preferences, and environmental context. However, this lack of certainty in prognosis can ultimately affect treatment recommendations and prompt clinical ethical issues at the bedside, as it leaves room for physician bias and interpretation. In this article, we introduce data on neurosurgeon values that may shed light on the process physicians and patients involved in sTBI undergo. In doing so, we highlight the many nuances in decision-making for patients suffering from sTBI and discuss potential solutions to better patient-physician or surrogate-physician interactions.}, Doi = {10.1086/724770}, Key = {fds371097} } | |
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